Bushing bearing

Abstract

Bushing bearings, featuring an inner part (10), an outer part (18) defining a bushing body (20), a spring (22) arranged at least partially between the inner part (10) and the outer part (18), and at least one stop (25) extending radially from the inner part (10) towards the outer part (18), wherein the stop (25) is arranged inside the bushing body (20).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a bush bearing comprising an inner part, an outer part defining a bush body and a spring arranged at least in sections between the inner part and the outer part.

[0002] Such bush bearings are generally known and are used in vehicles, for example, to support components of the engine and / or chassis.

[0003] For example, EP 4 056 864 A1 discloses a corresponding bush bearing.

[0004] However, a different objective is pursued here. For example, with the bushing known from EP 4 056 864 A1, the progression, i.e., the nonlinear behavior of the stiffness, cannot be adjusted independently of the axial stiffness.

[0005] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a bush bearing in which the progression can be adjusted at least substantially independently of the axial stiffness.

[0006] This problem is solved by a bush bearing having the features of claim 1.

[0007] According to the invention, the bush bearing has an inner part.

[0008] The inner part can, for example, be elongated.

[0009] For example, the inner part can be made of one piece or several pieces.

[0010] Preferably, the inner part can comprise or consist of a sword, also referred to as a bone. Optionally, the sword can be surrounded by an inner core. For example, the inner core can in turn be surrounded by inserts.

[0011] The blade can, for example, be designed as a flat, preferably axially symmetrical, component. An opening can be provided at each end area, for example.

[0012] For example, the inner part and / or the insert may comprise or consist of a metal and / or plastic material.

[0013] The bushing bearing has an outer part which defines a bushing body.

[0014] The outer part can, for example, have an outer sleeve, which can also be referred to as a bearing outer sleeve, and / or an outer ring.

[0015] Preferably, the outer part is elongated.

[0016] For example, the outer part can form a hollow cylinder and / or a ring. The outer part can be formed as one piece or in multiple parts, e.g., two pieces.

[0017] Preferably, the outer part is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the bush bearing.

[0018] For example, the outer part may comprise or consist of a metal and / or plastic material.

[0019] The outer part preferably surrounds the inner part. The outer part and the inner part are preferably arranged coaxially and / or concentrically with respect to a common longitudinal axis.

[0020] The inner part, preferably the sword, can, for example, be longer than the socket body and protrude beyond the socket body, for example on both sides.

[0021] For example, loads and / or vibrations can be introduced into the inner part. The outer part then transmits the reduced vibrations. Alternatively or additionally, loads and / or vibrations can be introduced into the outer part. The inner part then transmits the reduced vibrations. The force introduction and / or force transmission can also occur simultaneously from the inside to the outside and from the outside to the inside.

[0022] The bush bearing has a spring arranged at least in sections between the inner part and the outer part.

[0023] The spring can be a radial spring, an axial spring, or a combination of both. Multiple springs can also be provided.

[0024] The effect of the radial spring in the radial direction is greater than the effect in the axial direction.

[0025] The main purpose of the radial spring is therefore radial stiffness.

[0026] The axial spring extends at least partially in the axial direction between the inner part and the outer part.

[0027] The effect of the axial spring in the axial direction is greater than the effect in the radial direction.

[0028] The main purpose of the axial spring is therefore axial stiffness.

[0029] The terms radial spring and axial spring are to be understood broadly and also include plastics with springy and / or elastic properties.

[0030] The spring is preferably designed as an elastomer. For example, the radial spring and the axial spring can be made of the same elastomer. Preferably, the radial spring and the axial spring can be linked together and, for example, made from a single cast.

[0031] Preferably, the spring is connected to the inner part and / or the outer part, for example, by vulcanization. This creates a secure connection between the inner and outer parts.

[0032] The bush bearing has at least one stop extending in the radial direction from the inner part towards the outer part, wherein the stop is arranged, preferably completely, in the interior of the bush body.

[0033] Preferably, the stop functions in both radial and axial directions.

[0034] The axial stop geometry can, for example, create a track-correcting effect in a vehicle.

[0035] For example, the stop may comprise or consist of a metal and / or plastic material. Preferably, the stop may be a stop plate.

[0036] Preferably, the stop is arranged axially inward. For example, the stop is located inward relative to the end faces of the bushing body, i.e., the stop does not form an end face of the bushing body, but is offset inward relative to the end faces in the axial direction.

[0037] The space-saving internal arrangement enables a compact design of the bushing bearing. It also allows for greater rotation, for example. The progression can be adjusted without relative movement and at least largely independently of the axial stiffness. For example, the axial stiffness can only increase slightly.

[0038] The reaction force builds up beyond the usual level, virtually without relative movement, within the elastomer webs. This is comparable to hard stops and is achieved, for example, by a space-restricting geometry (e.g., insert to the outer ring or inner part).

[0039] The stop also acts on both sides. This means that springs, for example, can be supported on both sides of the stop. It was surprising that a single component could act in both axial directions.

[0040] For example, exactly one stop may be provided. Alternatively, multiple stops may be provided, e.g., at least or exactly two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more stops.

[0041] Further developments of the invention can also be found in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the stop is arranged centrally in the socket body.

[0043] The central arrangement is advantageous with regard to uniform rotation behavior.

[0044] For example, a central stop offers a reduced lever arm compared to an externally mounted or externally acting stop. This significantly reduces the space required and also allows for a significant degree of rotational movement. External stops, on the other hand, have smaller gimbal and rotation angles of the bushing due to space constraints.

[0045] According to a further embodiment, the stop is plate-shaped.

[0046] This means that the stop offers a large stop surface, for example.

[0047] The shape of the stop is fundamentally arbitrary. For example, the stop can be axially and / or rotationally symmetrical.

[0048] Preferably, the stop is square, round and / or oval.

[0049] According to a further embodiment, the stop is disc-shaped.

[0050] A pane of glass, for example, has the advantage that the entire area between the inner and outer parts is evenly covered.

[0051] The disc can, for example, be solid or have recesses and / or through-holes, e.g., deep-drawn and / or pocket-shaped recesses and / or through-holes, e.g., openings. For example, the disc can be designed as spokes, e.g., with a circumferential ring. The spokes can have a constant width. Alternatively, the width of the spokes can increase from the inside to the outside, e.g., in a wing-like configuration.

[0052] According to a further embodiment, the stop is cross-shaped.

[0053] This saves material. Furthermore, the spring can extend partially through the gaps, for example, through the stop, which may be useful depending on the application.

[0054] Optionally, the cross-shaped struts can be surrounded by a circumferential ring.

[0055] The struts can have a constant width. Alternatively, the width of the struts can increase from the inside to the outside, e.g., in a wing-like configuration.

[0056] According to a further embodiment, the stop is connected to the inner part in a rotationally fixed, frictionally engaged and / or positively engaged manner.

[0057] For example, the stop can be clamped, jammed and / or welded to the inner part.

[0058] The stop and the inner part can also be formed as a single component.

[0059] According to a further embodiment, the inner part has or consists of a blade. Optionally, the inner part can have an inner core in addition to the blade. For example, the inner core can in turn be surrounded by inserts.

[0060] Preferably, the stop is connected to the blade in a rotationally fixed, frictionally engaged and / or positively engaged manner.

[0061] For example, the stop may be tensioned, jammed and / or welded to the sword.

[0062] The stop and the sword can also be designed as a single component.

[0063] According to a further embodiment, the spring comprises at least one elastomer.

[0064] The elastomer is preferably firmly connected to the inner part, e.g. the sword.

[0065] According to another embodiment, the spring comprises at least two different elastomers. The different elastomers are also referred to as compounds.

[0066] For example, at least or exactly two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more compounds may be provided.

[0067] The compounds can be separate from each other, adjacent to each other and / or merge into each other.

[0068] For example, it's conceivable to use four different elastomer compounds in one bushing (e.g., two springs with two compounds each). It's also possible to use three compounds each, meaning six different compounds in one bushing.

[0069] According to a further embodiment, the spring is designed to bulge, preferably at least twice, under an axial load.

[0070] Thus, the progression can be adjusted, preferably essentially independently of the radial and / or axial stiffness.

[0071] For example, a linear free path can be provided that allows for bulging.

[0072] In a conventional design, the progression is adjusted by a suitable spring, e.g., an elastomer structure, which is compressed by the inner part against a metal structure, for example. To achieve this, the inner part moves relatively and freely, depending on the stiffness of the connected spring, until the core structure touches the elastomer structure.

[0073] A linear part of the force-displacement relationship is overcome in order to then transition into a non-linear, progressive area in which a continuous increase in force takes place until finally no further increase in displacement can take place.

[0074] Conventionally, this relative movement is available to adjust the progression.

[0075] In this case, the spring is subjected to bending and / or compression loads. Due to the tendency to buckle and / or bulge, the spring's spatial expansion is limited according to a predefined linear free travel, building up a reaction force with a progressive characteristic. There is no relative movement of the inner part to the spring, as both are firmly connected.

[0076] The design of the spring, for example, of radial studs, is similarly structured. There is no free relative movement here. The buildup of the reaction force, and thus the progression, comes from the spring's resistance to further deformation. Overall, several measures are combined to further develop and utilize the already nonlinear material behavior of elastomers.

[0077] An axial spring can be formed by a rubber track between the inner part and the structure of the outer part. The angle between the inner and outer parts, along with the length of the track (distance), determines the stiffness.

[0078] The radial and / or axial springs can be adjusted largely independently of each other in terms of their stiffness and / or progression characteristics, although a certain amount of crosstalk may occur.

[0079] For example, inserting inserts can increase stiffness while simultaneously lengthening the outer tendons. This contributes to increased durability and / or stability. At the same time, the inserts promote the desired, nonlinear reaction force buildup for adjusting the progression.

[0080] The inserts can, for example, be integrated into the spring, but otherwise be freely movable.

[0081] All aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention described here can be combined with each other, preferably independently of the specific embodiment in which they are mentioned. Preferably, all subject matter of the dependent claims can be combined with each other and with the subject matter of the independent claim.

[0082] In general, it should be noted that terms like "a" or "an" do not necessarily mean "exactly one" or "exactly one," although this is also possible. The terms "a" or "an" can therefore be understood as "at least or exactly one" or "at least or exactly one." The use of the singular preferably includes the presence of the components in the plural, and vice versa.

[0083] It is noted that "vorzugsweise" and "vorzugt" can be translated into English as "preferably." A feature introduced by "vorzugsweise" or "vorzugt" is purely optional, can be omitted, and does not constitute a limitation, for example, of the claims.

[0084] The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a bush bearing according to the invention, Fig. 2 another perspective view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 an exploded view of various components of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 4 a further exploded view of various components of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 5 a perspective view of various components of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 6 a top view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 7 a side view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 8 a front view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 9 a rear view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 10 a sectional view of the bush bearing according to AA of Fig. 9, Fig. 11 a sectional view of the bush bearing according to BB of Fig. 9 in a relaxed state, Fig. 12 a sectional view of the bush bearing according to BB of Fig. 9 in a damaged state, Fig. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a stop of a bush bearing according to the invention, Fig. 14 a perspective view of another embodiment of a stop of a bush bearing according to the invention, Fig. 15 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a stop of a bush bearing according to the invention, and Fig. 16 a perspective view of another embodiment of a stop of a bush bearing according to the invention.

[0085] First, it should be noted that the illustrated embodiments are purely exemplary in nature. Individual features can be implemented not only in the combination shown, but also individually or in other technically feasible combinations. For example, the features of one embodiment can be combined in any way with features of another embodiment. The number, size, shape, and / or position of the stops is fundamentally arbitrary. Furthermore, the illustrated inserts are purely optional.

[0086] If a figure contains a reference symbol that is not explained in the immediately corresponding description, reference is made to the corresponding preceding or following explanations in the figure description. Thus, the same reference symbols are used for identical or comparable components in the figures and these are not explained again.

[0087] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a bush bearing with an inner part 10.

[0088] The inner part 10 has a plate-shaped sword 12 with optional openings 14 at the end regions and an inner body 16.

[0089] An outer part 18, which has, for example, an outer sleeve 19, defines a socket body 20. The outer part 18 virtually surrounds the socket body 20 - except for the end faces.

[0090] The socket body 20 can, for example, form a cylindrical volume.

[0091] A spring 22 is arranged between the inner part 10 and the outer part 18.

[0092] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the spring 22 is surrounded by an outer ring 24 of the outer part 18. Preferably, the spring 22 can be fixedly and / or immovably connected to the outer ring 24. Preferably, the outer ring 24 is fixedly and / or immovably connected to the outer sleeve 19.

[0093] However, a relative movement, e.g. axial or translational, between outer part 18, e.g. outer sleeve 19 and / or outer ring 24, and inner part 10 is possible.

[0094] A stop 25 is provided, designed as a disc, which extends radially from the blade 12 of the inner part 10 toward the outer part 18. The stop 25 is preferably connected to the blade 12 in a rotationally fixed and frictionally engaged manner.

[0095] The stop 25 is arranged, preferably centrally, inside the socket body 20.

[0096] The stop 25 covers the stop areas of the spring 22, but also represents a travel limit in the radial directions. This function is fulfilled in both axial directions.

[0097] If the spring 22 is compressed, it presses against the outer ring 24 and the inner part 10, for example. Due to the incompressibility of elastomers, a reaction force can develop.

[0098] In Fig. 4 shows that optional inserts 26 can be provided surrounding the inner body 16. These inserts 26 can increase rigidity.

[0099] Fig. 5 shows the spring 22, which is surrounded by the outer ring 24.

[0100] The grooved stop areas in the axial direction only become effective when the axial springs have been overcome to some extent and / or in the event of special events in which greatly excessive forces are applied.

[0101] The Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show different views of a bush bearing.

[0102] The sword 12 protrudes beyond the socket body 20 on both sides.

[0103] In Fig. 8 shows a front view of the bush bearing, while Fig. 9 shows a rear view.

[0104] The spring 22, for example, has eight elastomer studs 28, 30. The elastomer mixture used is also called a compound. Two of these elastomer studs 28 can, for example, be low-damping, and six elastomer studs 30 can be high-damping. In principle, each elastomer stud 28, 30 can be made of a different compound.

[0105] Different damping characteristics are therefore introduced in the vertical and transverse directions.

[0106] The bushing bearing is therefore dual-compound capable. More than two different compounds are also conceivable. The bushing bearing is therefore multi-compound capable.

[0107] Dual-compound technology or multi-compound technology combines some of the advantages of conventional and hydraulic bush bearings in one component and thus improves component performance.

[0108] For example, in a chassis, a potential application for this bushing bearing, the vibration behavior in the vertical direction of the vehicle is less affected than in the transverse direction due to the low damping. In this direction, greater vibration reduction is desired, which is achieved with higher material damping.

[0109] Fig. 10 shows a sectional view of the bush bearing along the line AA of Fig. 9.

[0110] The spring 22 can form a bulge 32, for example under an axial load.

[0111] For example, spring 22 bulges as the travel increases and is compressed between the metal elements (respectively insert 26 to outer ring 24 or inner body 16 or inner part 10). Since elastomers are virtually incompressible, spring 22 can only be pushed outward, but it holds together due to the internal tension, and an increase in force is observed.

[0112] In Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the bush bearing along the line BB of the Fig. 9 shown.

[0113] In Fig. 11 the state is relaxed, while in Fig. 12 the spring 22 and thus the outer ring 24 hits the stop 25.

[0114] Fig. 13 shows a stop 25 which has a, preferably central, slot 34 for the sword 12.

[0115] Struts 36 of the stop 25 are arranged in a cross shape.

[0116] As in Fig. 14, the cross-shaped struts 36 can be surrounded by a ring 38 and form spokes, so to speak.

[0117] According to Fig. 15, it is also possible for the struts 36 to be wing-shaped. The width of the struts 36 can increase from the inside to the outside.

[0118] The struts 36 can be tilted, e.g. by an angle of 45°.

[0119] As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 16, the stop 25 can, for example, be deep-drawn. Thus, there is no need for through-holes between the struts 36. Instead, recesses, e.g., cup-shaped, can be provided. These recesses can, for example, have a depth between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 3 mm.

[0120] According to the invention, the desired progression can be set without relative movement and with minimal increase in axial stiffness. The stop 25 serves as an internal, bilaterally acting axial travel limiter. The travel limiter is implemented largely without hard and / or abrupt stops in the radial and axial directions, but rather results from a continuous increase in force per unit of travel. In this case, preferably in addition to purely translational movements, cardanic and / or rotary movements can also be realized in a durable manner. The bush bearing offers the greatest possible cardanic and rotational movement with low axial stiffness and adjustable radial stiffness. Comparatively linear rotational and cardanic movements are possible. In the axial direction, the characteristic curve is, for example, asymmetrical.

[0121] Due to the positioning of the stop 25 inside the bushing body 20, the bushing bearing is suitable even for small installation spaces and / or is characterized by a high durability. List of reference symbols 10 Inside part 12 Sword 14 Opening 16 inner body 18 Outdoor part 19 Outer sleeve 20 socket bodies 22 spring 24 Outer ring 25 disc, stop 26 inserts 28 elastomer studs, low-damping compound 30 elastomer studs, highly dampening compound 32 bulging 34 slot 36 Strut 38 rings QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 4 056 864 A1 [0003, 0004]

Claims

[1] Bush bearing, comprising an inner part (10), an outer part (18) defining a socket body (20), a spring (22) arranged at least partially between the inner part (10) and the outer part (18), and at least one stop (25) extending in the radial direction from the inner part (10) towards the outer part (18), wherein the stop (25) is arranged in the interior of the bushing body (20). [2] Bush bearing according to claim 1, characterized by that the stop (25) is arranged centrally in the socket body (20). [3] Bush bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the stop (25) is plate-shaped. [4] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop (25) is disc-shaped. [5] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop (25) is cross-shaped. [6] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop (25) is connected to the inner part (10) in a rotationally fixed, frictionally engaged and / or positively engaged manner. [7] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the inner part (10) has a sword (12). [8] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the spring (22) comprises at least one elastomer. [9] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the spring (22) has at least two different elastomers. [10] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the spring (22) is designed to bulge, preferably at least twice, under an axial load.

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