Height-adjustable tank turret

Abstract

Armored vehicle, in particular combat vehicle, with a hull (2) for accommodating a vehicle crew and a weapon turret (3) rotatably mounted relative to the hull (2) about an azimuth axis (A), characterized in that the weapon turret (3) has a rotating base (3.1) rotatably mounted on the hull (2) about the azimuth axis (A) and a weapon carrier (3.2) arranged movably relative to the rotating base (3.1) along the azimuth axis (A).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an armored vehicle, in particular a combat vehicle, with a hull for accommodating a vehicle crew and a weapon turret rotatably mounted relative to the hull about an azimuth axis.

[0002] Such armored vehicles, for example armored wheeled or tracked vehicles, are used by the military, the police or other security-relevant state or private organizations for a wide variety of mission purposes, for example in combat zones.

[0003] A hull is typically provided, often designed to protect against military threats. This usually involves the application of armor plating corresponding to the required protection level. Depending on the configuration, the hull may contain multiple crew seats and / or storage space for cargo and equipment, particularly mission-specific equipment. The armored vehicle's chassis is also typically attached to or connected to the hull.

[0004] Above the hull of such armored vehicles, a turret is often provided, which typically houses at least one weapon, often of medium or large caliber. To align the weapon in azimuth, the entire turret is usually mounted to rotate around an azimuth axis relative to the hull. The turret can be manned, as is the case with many main battle tanks and similar vehicles, or unmanned, as in the case of infantry fighting vehicles or similar vehicles.

[0005] Such armored vehicles have proven their worth in a wide variety of tasks and operational areas and are deployed in large numbers, particularly in crisis regions. However, to expand the vehicles' operational capabilities, it is desirable for many missions to be able to engage targets not only in azimuth but also at the greatest possible distance. To increase firing range and enable more advantageous elevation angles, it is generally beneficial to be able to fire the weapon from an elevated position.

[0006] On the other hand, such armored vehicles often require a compact silhouette, for example, to easily pass under obstacles like underpasses. Furthermore, simple and rapid transport of such armored vehicles over long distances by air or rail is generally desirable – which often necessitates adherence to comparatively tight loading dimensions.

[0007] Against this background, the invention aims to provide an armored vehicle whose weapon can be fired from an elevated firing position, but which can also be packed away compactly when required.

[0008] This problem is solved in a vehicle of the type mentioned above by the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are specified in the dependent subclaims.

[0009] The turret features a rotating base mounted on the hull, allowing it to pivot around the azimuth axis, and a weapon carrier that is movable relative to the base along the azimuth axis. This results in a two-part turret design, which increases the armored vehicle's operational versatility. The weapon carrier can be raised relative to the rotating base when needed, allowing the weapon mounted on it to be fired from an elevated position. Conversely, if a compact profile is required, the weapon carrier can be lowered accordingly.

[0010] In this context, it is proposed that the rotating base and the weapon carrier be coupled via a height adjustment mechanism. This results in a user-friendly design in which the weapon carrier can be reliably adjusted in height relative to the rotating base via this mechanism.

[0011] It has proven advantageous if the weapon platform is height-adjustable between a lowered transport position and at least one raised combat position. In the lowered transport position, a suitably compact external silhouette of the armored vehicle can be maintained. In the at least one raised combat position, military targets can be effectively engaged. In this context, it is also conceivable that several combat positions are provided, distinguished by different heights of the weapon platform.

[0012] In this context, it is further preferred if a predetermined loading dimension, in particular a predetermined clearance profile for rail transport, is maintained in the lowered transport position. This allows the armored vehicle to be loaded quickly and without major modifications, and advantageously also transported over longer distances. In particular, the armored vehicle can be transported by rail using suitable transport wagons.

[0013] An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the weapon carrier is telescopically adjustable along the azimuth axis via the height adjustment mechanism. This allows for the advantageous generation of large lifting movements along the azimuth axis. Furthermore, due to its telescopic nature, the weapon carrier can be adjusted vertically with high positioning accuracy.

[0014] Furthermore, it is proposed that the height adjustment mechanism include several actuators for stepless or continuous height adjustment of the weapon carrier. These actuators enable user-friendly and time-saving height adjustment of the weapon carrier. With continuous height adjustment, the weapon carrier can be set to any desired height that proves advantageous in the respective application. With stepless height adjustment, the weapon carrier can be set to predefined height increments, which may prove simpler from a control engineering perspective.

[0015] In this context, from a design perspective, it is preferable for the actuating elements to be configured as actuators, particularly as vertically extending hydraulic actuators. This results in a kinematically simple height adjustment. Preferably, the hydraulic actuators can be integrated into a hydraulic circuit of the turret or the armored vehicle. Alternatively, it can be advantageous for the actuating elements to be configured as electric or electrohydraulic actuators.

[0016] From a design perspective, it is further preferred if the adjusting elements are mounted via bearing points located on the weapon carrier and / or the rotating base. This results in robust mounting of the adjusting elements on the weapon carrier and / or the rotating base, which is advantageous for reliable, low-interference height adjustment. Preferably, the adjusting elements extend between a bearing point located on the weapon carrier and the rotating base. By axially extending or telescoping the adjusting elements, the weapon carrier can be easily raised relative to the rotating base.

[0017] In a preferred arrangement, the elevation adjustment mechanism comprises four actuating elements, which are arranged in different quadrants of the weapon turret. This results in a kinematically favorable force flow and a fail-safe design, which allows for low-wear elevation adjustment of the weapon carrier.

[0018] In this context, it is further proposed that the four adjusting elements be arranged evenly distributed around the azimuth axis. This allows for advantageous symmetrical force application during elevation adjustment of the weapon carrier. Such a design prevents tilting or canting of the weapon carrier during elevation adjustment.

[0019] Furthermore, it is proposed that the weapon carrier be lockable to the rotating base via at least one locking device. Locking the weapon carrier to the rotating base using this device reliably prevents unwanted relative movement between the weapon carrier and the rotating base, thus avoiding excessive wear. The locking mechanism also prevents incorrect operation of the elevation adjustment. Moreover, the selected elevation setting of the weapon carrier can be securely maintained, which can be advantageous for aiming and firing the weapon mounted on the weapon carrier. In addition, the locking device ensures the safe transport of the armored vehicle, such as by rail.Preferably, the height adjustment can be locked via the locking device, so that, for example, the risk of collisions between an accidentally raised weapon carrier and underpasses or other obstacles can be reduced.

[0020] In this context, it is preferred if the weapon carrier can be locked to the rotating base in stages via at least one locking device, particularly in the lowered transport position and at least one raised combat position. Undesirable changes in the position of the weapon carrier relative to the rotating base, such as unintentional lowering from the at least one raised combat position, which can occur, for example, as a result of shocks or vibrations, can thus be avoided. Locking in the lowered transport position ensures safe loading and transport of the armored vehicle, especially safe rail transport.

[0021] From a design perspective, it is preferred that the at least one locking device comprises at least one locking pin and at least two corresponding insertion openings. This allows for the implementation of a robust locking device that functions reliably even under the harsh environmental conditions of field operations. Preferably, the at least one locking pin for locking the height adjustment can be inserted into the at least two corresponding insertion openings. To prevent relative movements such as vibrations, it is advantageous if the diameters of the at least one locking pin and the at least two corresponding insertion openings are matched. Preferably, each of the different height settings at which the weapon carrier can be locked is assigned an insertion opening.In this way, the weapon carrier can be fixed in stages via the at least one locking pin and the corresponding insertion slots. The locking pin can be inserted manually or automatically into the corresponding insertion slots.

[0022] It can be advantageous if the at least one locking pin is movable between a locking position, in which the height adjustment is locked, and a release position, in which the height adjustment is released. Such a design allows for a time-saving change between the locking and release positions. A preferred design is one in which the locking pin is securely attached to the locking device. To facilitate easy insertion of the locking pin into the insertion openings, it is advantageous if the locking pin is movable between the release and locking positions, transversely to the insertion opening.

[0023] In this context, it is further proposed that the at least one locking pin be designed to be movable between the locking and release positions via an actuator. This allows the locking pin to be moved between the release and locking positions in a user-friendly and time-saving manner. Preferably, the actuator can be designed as an electric, hydraulic, or electro-hydraulic actuator. Furthermore, it can be advantageous from a control engineering perspective if the actuator is integrated into a control system for the elevation adjustment, the turret, or the armored vehicle.

[0024] For a simple, low-interference adjustment movement, it is preferred if the at least one locking pin is movable via the actuator transversely to the direction of movement of the height adjustment elements. This ensures reliable locking of the weapon carrier relative to the rotating base. Preferably, the at least two corresponding insertion openings are arranged opposite the locking pin so that it can be inserted into the openings in a straight line.

[0025] To ensure consistent, tilt-free locking of the weapon carrier, it is proposed that each of the height adjustment elements be assigned a locking device. This also allows for a redundant design that remains functional even if one of the locking devices fails.

[0026] A preferred design provides that the rotating base has two locking areas arranged on opposite sides of the azimuth axis, each with four insertion openings, two of which are assigned to a locking device.

[0027] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the rotating base and the weapon carrier are rigidly connected to each other. This prevents relative rotation of the weapon carrier with respect to the rotating base. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the weapon carrier can be rotated about the azimuth axis by rotating the rotating base. This allows for simple and rapid azimuth adjustment of the weapon carrier.

[0028] In this context, it is further preferred if the rotating base is rotatably mounted via a tower pivot bearing arranged on the hull. Such a tower pivot bearing enables the rotating base to reliably execute, in particular, rapid rotational movements relative to the hull.

[0029] It is proposed that the rotating base be rotatable via an azimuth directional drive. Such a drive allows for rapid directional movements around the azimuth axis. Furthermore, the azimuth directional drive enables precise azimuth alignment, as it allows for accurate adjustment of the rotating base's position around the azimuth axis. The azimuth directional drive can preferably be motorized and integrated into the turret control system and / or the armored vehicle's control system.

[0030] In an advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that the weapon carrier includes a weapon, in particular a cannon, arranged to be directed about an elevation axis. Targets can be effectively engaged with such a weapon, for example a medium- or large-caliber cannon. Direction of the weapon about the elevation axis can be achieved, in particular, by means of an elevation drive.

[0031] It can be structurally advantageous for the weapon carrier to have a fork-shaped weapon mount for storing the weapon. A fork-shaped mount allows the weapon to be stored reliably without hindering elevation aiming. Furthermore, forces acting on the weapon, such as those encountered during firing, can be absorbed and dissipated by the fork-shaped mount.

[0032] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous for the turret to have a turret shaft extending from the hull towards the top of the gun carriage. This turret shaft allows access to the hull from the top of the gun carriage, enabling the crew to enter and exit the hull through the turret shaft.

[0033] In this context, it is preferable for the turret shaft to be located in the area of ​​the azimuth axis. This design allows the rotational movements of the gun turret around the azimuth axis to be carried out easily, while simultaneously providing access to the hull via the turret shaft.

[0034] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous for the turret shaft to be accessible via a hatch located on the gun turret. The crew can enter or exit the turret shaft through the open hatch. When closed, the hatch protects the interior of the turret shaft from environmental influences and threats. Preferably, the hatch can be hinged, pivoted, or rotatable between its open and closed positions. The hatch can also be designed to slide, for example, in a version with a sliding console.

[0035] In a further advantageous embodiment, the turret shaft for compensating for heave movements comprises an outer shaft and an inner shaft that is telescopically adjustable relative to the outer shaft via the height adjustment mechanism. This allows the heave movements of the weapon carrier along the azimuth axis to be compensated. Preferably, the outer shaft and the inner shaft are arranged coaxially with each other.

[0036] Furthermore, it is proposed that the turret shaft be designed to be ballistically protected. With such a design, the crew of the armored vehicle inside the turret shaft can be protected from ballistic threats.

[0037] In this context, it is also structurally preferred if the rotating base has a tower shaft receptacle for receiving the tower shaft. The geometric design of the tower shaft receptacle can be adapted to the shape of the tower shaft. Preferably, the tower shaft receptacle allows the rotating base unrestricted rotational movements around the tower shaft.

[0038] A further advantage has been found in a design in which a slip ring system is provided for electrical power and / or signal transmission between the hull and the turret. Such a slip ring system allows for reliable power and / or signal transmission between the turret and hull components, which are designed to rotate relative to each other. Regardless of the turret's rotational position relative to the hull, electrical power and / or signals can be transmitted between the hull and turret via the slip ring system.

[0039] In this context, it has proven advantageous for the slip ring system to be part of the tower shaft. This results in a beneficial dual function for the tower shaft as well as a space-saving, compact arrangement of the slip ring system.

[0040] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous for the slip ring system to have electrical contact points on its end face for connecting the weapon carrier's electrical systems. In this way, the weapon carrier's electrical systems can be supplied with electrical power and / or control signals from the hull via the slip ring system.

[0041] A preferred embodiment of the armored vehicle further provides that the turret is unmanned. Thus, no crew member needs to be present in the exposed turret. With this design, the turret, unlike a manned one, does not need to be as heavily armored. This results in a lighter and therefore simpler turret design that can be dynamically rotated around the azimuth axis. The turret can be remotely controlled, in particular remotely from inside the hull by the vehicle crew.

[0042] Further details and advantages of an armored vehicle according to the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings of exemplary embodiments. These show, partly in sectional or schematic view: Fig. 1a to c three side views of an armored vehicle according to the invention; Fig. 2a and b two partially cutaway, perspective top views of a weapon turret of the armored vehicle according to Fig. 1a to c; Fig. 3 a perspective side view of the weapon turret according to Fig. 2a and b; Fig. 4a and b two partially cut-away side views of the weapon turret according to Fig. 2a and b; Fig. 5a and b two further perspective top views of the weapon turret according to Fig. 2a and b; Fig. 6a and b two perspective, partially cropped rear views of the weapon turret according to Fig. 2a and b, and Fig. 7a and b two front views of an armored vehicle according to Fig. 1a to c.

[0043] Fig. Figures 1a to c show an embodiment of an armored vehicle 1 according to the invention. The armored vehicle 1 is an all-terrain combat vehicle with wheel drive. However, it can also be, for example, a reconnaissance, scouting, transport, or other armored vehicle 1, particularly for military or police purposes.

[0044] The armored vehicle 1 comprises a chassis with three axles and has three wheels 7 on each side. One or more, preferably two, of the three axles can be steered. Alternatively, the chassis can also have more or fewer axles and / or more or fewer wheels 7 on each side. Furthermore, one, two, or all three axles can be driven. Alternatively, the armored vehicle 1 can also be a tracked or otherwise driven vehicle.

[0045] The armored vehicle 1 has a self-supporting, protected hull 2, on the underside of which the chassis with a total of six wheels 7 is arranged. Inside the hull 2 ​​are the drive system and a driver's compartment located at the front in the direction of travel R, cf. Fig. 1a. Behind the driver's compartment is a transport compartment in which the crew, equipment and / or cargo can be transported, depending on the mission.

[0046] A gun turret 3 is arranged on the upper side of the hull 2. The unmanned and remotely controlled gun turret 3 features a gun 11 designed as a barrel weapon. For aiming in azimuth, the entire gun turret 3 can be rotated about the vertically extending azimuth axis A. As shown in Fig. 1 a and b the weapon turret 3 with the weapon 11 is directed in the direction of travel R; the representation according to Fig. Figure 1c shows the weapon turret 3 facing against the direction of travel R.

[0047] The weapon turret 3 is designed in two parts and has a rotating base 3.1 and a weapon carrier 3.2 that is movable relative to the rotating base 3.1 along the azimuth axis A. The rotating base 3.1, which is rigidly arranged along the azimuth axis A, and the weapon carrier 3.2, which is movable along the azimuth axis A, are coupled to each other via a height adjustment mechanism 4.

[0048] The representation in Fig. Figure 1a shows the weapon carrier 3.2 in an elevated combat position K and the representation in Fig. Figure 1b shows the weapon carrier 3.2 in a lowered transport position T. It is evident that the distance between the roof of the hull 2 ​​and the underside of the weapon carrier 3.2 is increased in combat position K compared to transport position T. As will be explained in detail in later paragraphs, a weapon carrier 3.2 positioned in the raised combat position K offers advantages for the combat operations of the armored vehicle 1 on the battlefield. In the lowered transport position T, the armored vehicle 1 has a reduced overall height compared to combat position K, which simplifies loading and transport, for example by rail. This will also be described in more detail in later paragraphs.

[0049] First, however, the constructive design of the weapon turret 3, in particular with regard to the height adjustment 4, will be explained using the illustrations in Fig. 2a and b will be examined in more detail.

[0050] In Fig. 2a shows the weapon carrier 3.2 in a combat position K raised relative to the rotating base 3.1; the representation according to Fig. 2b shows the weapon carrier 3.2 in a transport position T lowered relative to the rotating base 3.1.

[0051] The rotating base 3.1 forms the lower part of the gun turret 3. Its lower section comprises a hollow cylindrical section 3.1.3, through which the azimuth axis A runs centrally and which serves to accommodate a cylindrical turret shaft 13. The construction and function of the turret shaft 13 will be explained in detail in later paragraphs.

[0052] A flat, circumferential ring section 3.1.4 extends vertically upwards from the hollow cylindrical section 3.1.3. The ring section 3.1.4 extends at an angle of approximately 90 degrees to the hollow cylindrical section 3.1.3 and forms a kind of plateau on its upper surface, cf. Fig. 2a. On two opposite sides of the azimuth axis A, the rotating base 3.1 has two locking areas 3.1.1 which extend essentially vertically upwards on the outside of the ring section 3.1.4, cf. Fig. 2a. In the horizontal direction, the locking areas 3.1.1 extend parallel to each other, so that, with a weapon turret 3 aligned in the direction of travel R, they extend along the direction of travel R, see also Fig. 3.

[0053] The weapon carrier 3.2 forms the upper part of the weapon turret 3 and is rigidly coupled to the rotating base 3.1. The weapon carrier 3.2 has a generally rectangular, box-shaped, flat base, cf. Fig. 2a and Fig. 1a. The outer walls of the weapon carrier 3.2 are made of sheet metal and completely enclose the interior of the weapon carrier 3.2 like a housing. The base 3.2.1 of the weapon carrier 3.2 also has a circular recess for receiving the turret shaft 13, which is arranged concentrically to the corresponding hollow cylindrical section 3.1.3 of the rotating base 3.1. Furthermore, the weapon carrier 3.2 has two elongated recesses on its base 3.2.1 that correspond to the locking areas 3.1.1 of the rotating base 3.1, cf. Fig. 2a. The locking areas 3.1.1 extend into the interior of the weapon carrier 3.2 through the elongated recesses.

[0054] The height adjustment mechanism 4 has a total of four adjusting elements 5, by means of which the weapon carrier 3.2 can be adjusted in height relative to the rotating base 3.1. As shown in the illustrations in Fig. 2a and b, the adjusting elements 5 extend from the plateau-like upper surface of the wreath section 3.1.4 of the rotating base 3.1 through corresponding recesses in the floor 3.2.1 to the ceiling 3.2.2 of the weapon carrier 3.2.

[0055] The actuating elements 5 are designed as hydraulic actuating cylinders and extend essentially in a vertical direction. The four actuating elements 5 are arranged in different quadrants of the weapon turret 3. They are arranged evenly spaced, at intervals of approximately 90 degrees, around the azimuth axis A, cf. Fig. 2a. However, a smaller or larger number of actuating elements 5 may also be provided, which may also be arranged differently.

[0056] As this is shown by the comparison of the representations according to Fig. The height of the weapon carrier 3.2 can be changed by means of the height adjustment 4 via a telescoping of the adjusting elements 5. In the lowered transport position T of the weapon carrier 3.2, the adjusting elements 5 are retracted and have their minimum length, cf. Fig. 2b. In the raised combat position K, the actuating elements 5 are extended telescopically and have a correspondingly greater axial length ( Fig. 2a).

[0057] The actuating elements 5 are mounted on both the side of the rotating base 3.1 and on the side of the weapon carrier 3.2 via a bearing point 6 each, cf. Fig. 2a. The four pivot-side bearing points 6 are located on the upper surface of the rim section 3.1.4. The piston rods of the actuating elements 5, designed as hydraulic cylinders, are arranged at these four pivot-side bearing points 6. On the weapon carrier 3 side, the four bearing points 6 are located on the ceiling 3.2.2 of the weapon carrier 3. The cylinder tubes of the actuating elements 6, designed as hydraulic cylinders, are supported by these weapon carrier-side bearing points 6.

[0058] How this Fig. 2a and b, the actuating elements 5 are arranged such that, in both the lowered transport position T and the raised combat position K, the cylinder tubes are located only within the weapon carrier 3.2. In other words, only the piston rods extend through the recesses in the base 3.2.1 of the weapon carrier 3.2.

[0059] The weapon carrier 3.2 can be continuously raised between the lowered transport position T and the raised combat position K by extending the adjusting elements 5 accordingly. This allows for any number of intermediate positions between the transport position T and the combat position K. These intermediate positions can, for example, serve as additional combat positions K for the weapon carrier 3.2. The weapon carrier 3.2 can be raised to a desired height as needed via these intermediate positions. This allows the weapon carrier 3.2 to be adapted to situations where a collision with obstacles would be imminent in the fully raised combat position K.

[0060] Each of the adjusting elements 5 of the height adjustment 4 is assigned a locking device 8 by means of which the weapon carrier 3.2 can be locked onto the rotating base 3.1. The basic structure and arrangement of the locking devices 8 are described below with reference to the illustrations in Fig. 3 to 5b explained.

[0061] The locking devices 8 allow for stepwise locking of the weapon carrier 3.2 to the rotating base 3.1. According to the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 to 5b, the weapon carrier 3.2 can be locked to the rotating base 3.1 in the lowered transport position T and the raised combat position K via the locking devices 8. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which the weapon carrier 3.2 can be locked to the rotating base 3.1 in other positions, e.g., intermediate positions between the lowered transport position T and the raised combat position K.

[0062] The locking devices 8 particularly relieve stress on the actuating elements 5. When the weapon carrier 3.2 is locked to the rotating base 3.1, a favorable force flow is achieved via the locking devices 8, bypassing the actuating elements 5. This helps maintain their functionality and increases their service life. For example, firing reaction forces from the weapon 11 can be appropriately dissipated via the locking devices 8 through structurally robust elements.

[0063] The locking devices 8 each comprise a locking pin 8.1 and two insertion openings 8.2 corresponding to the locking pin 8.1. The insertion openings 8.2 are arranged on the rotating base 3.1 and the locking pins 8.1 are arranged opposite the insertion openings 8.2 on the weapon carrier 3.2, cf. e.g. Fig. 5a and b.

[0064] The locking pins 8.1 are designed as cylindrical bolts, which are arranged on the weapon carrier 3.2 near its base 3.2.1 in the immediate vicinity of the actuating elements 5, see also Fig. 6a. The locking pins 8.1 are movable transversely to the azimuth axis A between a locking position S1, in which the height adjustment 4 is locked, and a release position S2, in which the height adjustment 4 is released. The movement of the locking pins 8.1 is a translational movement. As shown in the illustration in Fig. As can be seen from Figure 6a, the locking pins 8.1 are arranged closer to the azimuth axis A in their release position S2 than in their locking position S1. Depending on the embodiment and design features of the weapon turret 3, the locking pins 8.1 may, however, also be shaped differently and / or perform a different movement between the release position S2 and the locking position S1, as long as the weapon carrier 3.2 can be locked to the rotating base 3.1 via the locking device 8.

[0065] The insertion openings 8.2 are designed as circular recesses corresponding to the locking pins 8.1 in the locking areas 3.1.1 of the rotating base 3.1, cf. Fig. 3 as well as 5a and b. The insertion openings 8.2 are designed and arranged such that the locking pins 8.1 can be positively inserted into them to set the locking position S1. Two insertion openings 8.2 are arranged vertically one above the other along a line. The lower insertion opening 8.2 corresponds to the lowered transport position T and the upper insertion opening 8.2 corresponds to the raised combat position K. If the weapon carrier 3.2 is to be lockable in further positions in addition to the lowered transport position T and the raised combat position K, further insertion openings 8.2 can be provided accordingly.

[0066] The schematic representation according to Fig. Figure 6a shows a locking device 8 located to the left of the azimuth axis A in its locking position S1, in which the weapon carrier 3.2 is locked in its raised combat position K. The device is located in accordance with the illustration in Fig. 6a The locking device 8 located to the right of the azimuth axis A is shown in its release position S2 for better visualization.

[0067] The representation according to Fig. Figure 6b shows the weapon carrier 3.2 in its lowered transport position T. Again for visualization purposes, a locking device 8 located to the left of the azimuth axis A is shown in the locking position S1, and a locking device 8 located to the right of the azimuth axis A is shown in the release position S2. However, as a rule, all locking devices 8 for securing a weapon carrier 3.2 of an armored vehicle 1 are controlled such that they are either all in the locking position S1 or in the release position S2.

[0068] The positioning movements of the locking pins 8.1 between the locking position S1 and the release position S2 can be implemented via an actuator (not shown in the figures). This actuator can be, for example, a hydraulic, electric, or electrohydraulic actuator. The locking pins 8.1 are movable transversely to the direction of movement of the adjusting elements 5 of the height adjustment 4 via the actuator (see figure). Fig. 6a and b.

[0069] As this is particularly evident from the depictions in Fig. The rotary base 3.1, which can be removed from sections 5a to 6b, has four insertion openings 8.2 on each of the two locking areas 3.1.1 located on opposite sides of the azimuth axis A. Two vertically arranged insertion openings 8.2 are assigned to each locking device 8. The locking devices 8 are in turn each assigned to an adjusting element 5 of the height adjustment 4.

[0070] The weapon turret 3 is mounted to be adjustable around the azimuth axis A, as shown below in the illustration in Fig. 3 will be explained.

[0071] The rotating base 3.1 is rigidly coupled to the weapon carrier 3.2. In other words, rotational movements of the rotating base 3.1 and the weapon carrier 3.2 about the azimuth axis A always occur together. A relative rotation of the weapon carrier 3.2 with respect to the rotating base 3.1 is not permitted. The rotating base 3.1 is rotatably mounted via a turret pivot bearing 9, cf. Fig. 3. The turret pivot bearing 9 is located on the top of the hull 2, although this is not shown in detail in the figures. The gun turret 3, specifically its pivot base 3.1, is supported against the hull 2 ​​by the turret pivot bearing 9.

[0072] An azimuth azimuth drive 10 is provided for executing the rotational movements of the weapon turret 3 about the azimuth axis A, cf. Fig. 3. The azimuth aligning drive 10 is a motorized drive by which the position of the rotating base 3.1 relative to the tub 2 can be changed. As shown in the illustration in Fig. The azimuth aligning drive 10, which can be removed from section 3, interacts via a gearbox with the hollow cylindrical section 3.1.3 of the rotating base 3.1. The azimuth aligning drive 10 allows rapid rotation of the rotating base 3.1 around the azimuth aligning axis A and the precise setting of desired angular positions around the azimuth aligning axis A. In this way, the weapon 11 attached to the weapon carrier 3.2 can be aligned in azimuth particularly quickly and accurately.

[0073] Further technical details and special features of the armored vehicle 1 are described below.

[0074] The Weapon 11 can be aimed not only in azimuth but also in elevation. As demonstrated, for example, by the Fig. As can be seen from sections 5a and b, the weapon 11, designed as a barrel weapon, is mounted for this purpose in a substantially fork-shaped weapon mount 12. The fork-shaped weapon mount 12 is located in a front area of ​​the weapon turret 3 and is open at the top. The weapon 11 is mounted between the two arms of the weapon mount 12 and is adjustable about the elevation axis E. By pivoting the weapon 11 about the elevation axis E, the weapon 11 can be aimed into elevation.

[0075] In addition to the Weapon 11 as the main weapon, other weapons, such as machine guns and / or grenade launchers, can be mounted on the turret 3. Furthermore, a wide variety of aiming and / or sighting devices can be installed on the turret 3, which can simplify the targeting of military objectives or the maneuvering of the armored vehicle 1.

[0076] In the elevated combat position K, weapon 11 and other weapons mounted on turret 3 can be advantageously fired from an elevated position, resulting in a greater range. Furthermore, the elevated combat position allows for a wider elevation range for weapon 11. This is because not only positive elevation angles but also, to a certain extent, negative elevation angles can be set. At negative elevation angles, targets located directly in front of armored vehicle 1 can be engaged. Additionally, the elevated turret 3.2 provides improved visibility with greater range for the sights provided on the turret 3.2.

[0077] The weapon turret 3 also has a turret shaft 13 extending from the hull 2 ​​towards the top of the weapon carrier 3.2, cf. Fig. 2a. The turret shaft 13 extends coaxially to the azimuth axis A and enables a direct connection between the hull 2 ​​and the top of the weapon carrier 3.2. From the top of the weapon carrier 3.2, the turret shaft 13 is accessible via a hatch 14, cf. Fig. 2a. Hatch 14 can be swung or folded in front of the opening of turret bay 13 as needed. When hatch 14 is open, a viewing position is created for a crew member of the armored vehicle 1. This viewing position can be reached from the hull 2 ​​through turret bay 14. Since turret bay 13 is located on the azimuth axis A, it does not affect the rotational movements of the gun turret 3 around the azimuth axis A.

[0078] To protect against ballistic threats, turret shaft 13 is designed with ballistic protection. In particular, turret shaft 13 can be armored to protect against gunfire. This effectively protects crew members inside turret shaft 13. Furthermore, because turret shaft 13 is ballistically protected, the rest of the gun turret 3.2 can be designed without protection, thus saving weight. For example, relatively thin sheets and / or sheets made of a material with comparatively low strength can be used for the walls of gun turret 3.2, since the ballistic protection boundary lies within the area of ​​turret shaft 13. A lighter gun turret 3.2 facilitates dynamic rotational movements around the azimuth axis A. Alternatively, turret shaft 13 can also be designed without ballistic protection. In this case, however, it is generally necessary to protect gun turret 3 by other means.For example, the walls of the weapon carrier 3.2 can be designed to be ballistically protected.

[0079] The tower shaft 13 is designed in multiple sections to compensate for heave. It has an outer shaft 13.1 and an inner shaft 13.2 arranged concentrically to it, cf. Fig. 2a. The inner shaft 13.2 is telescopically adjustable relative to the outer shaft 13.1 via the height adjustment 4, see the comparison of Fig. 2a (elevated fighting position K of the weapon carrier 3.2) and Fig. 2b (lowered transport position T of the weapon carrier 3.2). The inner shaft 13.2 is connected to the weapon carrier 3.2 in a height-adjustable manner. The outer shaft 13.1 is rigidly coupled to the hull 2. Furthermore, a turret shaft receptacle 3.1.2 for receiving the turret shaft 13 is provided on the rotating base 3.1, cf. Fig. 6a and b. The tower shaft mounting 3.1.2 allows the rotatable mounting of the tower shaft 13, in particular the outer shaft 13.1.

[0080] Based on the representation in Fig. Figure 2b shows that the turret shaft 13 has a slip ring system 15 for electrical power and / or signal transmission between the hull 2 ​​and the gun turret 3. The slip ring system 15 is part of the turret shaft 13, in particular the outer shaft 13.1. It allows the transmission of electrical energy and / or control and / or communication signals between the hull 2 ​​and the gun turret 3, in particular the gun mount 3.2, regardless of the rotational position of the rotating base 3.1 relative to the hull 2.

[0081] On its front face 15.1, the slip ring system 15 has electrical contact points (not shown in the figures) for connecting electrical systems of the weapon carrier 3.2. These allow the electrical systems of the weapon carrier 3.2 to be reliably supplied with electrical energy from the hull 2. Alternatively, other devices can be used that allow energy and / or data transmission between the hull 2 ​​and the weapon turret 3 independently of its rotational position about the azimuth axis A.

[0082] Finally, the following section will use the illustrations in Fig. Sections 7a and 7b explain how the height-adjustable gun turret 3 can prove advantageous for rail transport. The illustrations schematically depict a loading gauge L, which defines the clear space available for rail transport. All parts and components of the armored vehicle 1 that protrude beyond the loading gauge L's boundary line cannot be transported by rail, as this would pose a risk of collision, for example, with tunnels and underpasses or trees overhanging the track. Furthermore, the loading gauge L defines the maximum external dimensions of cargo that can be transported in a suitable railcar. The loading gauge L can also refer to the permissible external dimensions of cargo to be transported by aircraft or other means of transport.

[0083] In Fig. Figure 7a shows that the armored vehicle 1 intersects the clearance gauge line L when the weapon carrier 3.2 is in the raised combat position K. Part of the weapon carrier 3.2 extends upwards beyond the clearance gauge L. If the armored vehicle 1 were to be moved by rail, there would be a risk of collision.

[0084] In the lowered transport position T, the entire outer silhouette of the armored vehicle 1 lies within the clearance profile L, cf. Fig. 7b. Rail loading and transport by rail is therefore possible without risk of collision.

[0085] The armored vehicle 1 described above is characterized by the fact that its weapon carrier 3.2 can be raised relative to the rotating base 3.1 as needed, so that the weapon 11 attached to the weapon carrier 3.2 can be fired from an elevated position. However, if necessary, the weapon carrier 3.2 can also be lowered to maintain a compact external silhouette of the armored vehicle 1, which may be required, for example, for rail transport. Reference symbol: 1 vehicle 2 bathtubs 3 Weapon Tower 3.1 Swivel base 3.1.1 Locking area 3.1.2 Tower shaft recording 3.1.3 Section 3.1.4 Wreath section 3.2 Weapon carriers 3.2.1 Floor 3.2.2 Ceiling 4 Height adjustment 5 Actuator 6 bearing point 7 wheel 8 Locking device 8.1 Locking pins 8.2 Plug recess 9 tower pivot bearings 10 Azimuth directional drive 11 Weapon 12 Weapons storage 13 Tower shaft 13.1 External shaft 13.2 Inner shaft 14 Luke 15 Slip ring system 15.1 Front A azimuth axis E Elevation axis K fighting position L clearance profile R direction of travel S1 Locking Position S2 Release position T Transport position

Claims

[1] Armored vehicle, in particular combat vehicle, with a hull (2) for accommodating a vehicle crew and a weapon turret (3) mounted to rotate about an azimuth axis (A) relative to the hull (2), characterized by , that the weapon turret (3) has a rotating base (3.1) mounted on the hull (2) so as to be rotatable about the azimuth axis (A) and a weapon carrier (3.2) arranged so as to be movable relative to the rotating base (3.1) along the azimuth axis (A). [2] Armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by , that the rotating base (3.1) and the weapon carrier (3.2) are coupled to each other via a height adjustment (4). [3] Armored vehicle according to claim 2, characterized by , that the weapon carrier (3.2) is height-adjustable via the height adjustment (4) between a lowered transport position (T) and at least one raised combat position (K). [4] Armored vehicle according to claim 3, characterized by, that in the lowered transport position (T) a specified loading dimension, in particular a specified clearance profile (L) for rail loading is maintained. [5] Armored vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by , that the weapon carrier (3.2) is telescopic via the height adjustment (4) along the azimuth axis (A). [6] Armored vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by , that the height adjustment (4) comprises several adjusting elements (5) for stepwise or stepless height adjustment of the weapon carrier (3.2). [7] Armored vehicle according to claim 6, characterized by , that the actuating elements (5) are designed as actuating cylinders, in particular as vertically extending hydraulic actuating cylinders. [8] Armored vehicle according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized by, that the actuating elements (5) are mounted via bearing points (6) arranged on the weapon carrier (3.2) and / or on the rotating base (3.1). [9] Armored vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by , that the height adjustment (4) has four adjusting elements (5) which are arranged in different quadrants of the weapon turret (3). [10] Armored vehicle according to claim 9, characterized by , that the four actuating elements (5) are arranged evenly distributed around the azimuth axis (A). [11] Armored vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the weapon carrier (3.2) can be locked to the rotating base (3.1) by means of at least one locking device (8). [12] Armored vehicle according to claim 11, characterized by, that the weapon carrier (3.2) can be locked in stages on the rotating base (3.1) via the at least one locking device (8), in particular in the lowered transport position (T) and at least one raised combat position (K). [13] Armored vehicle according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized by , that the at least one locking device (8) comprises at least one locking pin (8.1) and at least two corresponding insertion openings (8.2). [14] Armored vehicle according to claim 13, characterized by , that the at least one locking pin (8.1) is designed to be movable between a locking position (S1) in which the height adjustment (4) is locked and a release position (S2) in which the height adjustment (4) is released. [15] Armored vehicle according to claim 14, characterized by, that the at least one locking pin (8.1) is designed to be movable between the locking position (S1) and the release position (S2) via an actuator. [16] Armored vehicle according to claim 15, characterized by , that at least one locking pin (8.1) is movable via the actuator transversely to the direction of movement of the actuating elements (5) of the height adjustment (4). [17] Armored vehicle according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized by , that each of the actuating elements (5) of the height adjustment (4) is assigned a locking device (8). [18] Armored vehicle according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized by , that the rotating base (3.1) has two locking areas (3.1.1) arranged on opposite sides of the azimuth axis (A), on each of which four insertion openings (8.2) are arranged, two of which are assigned to a locking device (8). [19] Armored vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the rotating base (3.1) and the weapon carrier (3.2) are rigidly connected to each other. [20] Armored vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the rotating base (3.1) is rotatably mounted via a tower pivot bearing (9) arranged on the tub (2). [21] Armored vehicle according to claim 20, characterized by , that the rotating base (3.1) is rotatable via an azimuth directional drive (10). [22] Armored vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the weapon carrier (3.2) has a weapon (11), in particular a cannon, arranged to be directed about an elevation axis (E). [23] Armored vehicle according to claim 22, characterized by , that the weapon carrier (3.2) has a fork-shaped weapon receptacle (12) for storing the weapon (11). [24] Armored vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the gun turret (3) has a turret shaft (13) extending from the hull (2) towards the top of the gun carrier (3.2). [25] Armored vehicle according to claim 24, characterized by , that the tower shaft (13) is located in the area of ​​the azimuth axis (A). [26] Armored vehicle according to one of claims 24 or 25, characterized by , that the turret shaft (13) is accessible via a hatch (14) arranged on the weapon carrier (3.2). [27] Armored vehicle according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized by , that the tower shaft (13) has an outer shaft (13.1) and an inner shaft (13.2) which is telescopic relative to the outer shaft (13.1) via the height adjustment (4). [28] Armored vehicle according to claim 27, characterized by , that the tower shaft (13) is designed to be ballistically protected. [29] Armored vehicle according to any one of claims 24 to 28, characterized by , that the rotating base (3.1) has a tower shaft receptacle (3.1.2) for receiving the tower shaft (13). [30] Armored vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by a slip ring system (15) for electrical power and / or signal transmission between the hull (2) and the gun turret (3). [31] Armored vehicle according to claim 30, characterized by , that the slip ring system (15) is part of the turret shaft (13). [32] Armored vehicle according to one of claims 30 or 31, characterized by , that the slip ring system (15) has electrical contact points on its end face (15.1) for connecting electrical systems of the weapon carrier (3.2). [33] Armored vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the weapon turret (3) is designed to be unmanned.

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