Heating panels and interior linings

Abstract

A heating panel (10) comprising: a decorative layer (1) having an outer surface (11) and an inner surface (12); and a heating structure (2) with a heating layer (21) and an electrode layer (22), wherein the heating structure (2) is arranged on an inner side of the decorative layer (1); wherein the heating layer (21) is formed from a heating carbon material and the electrode layer (22) is formed from a metal; wherein the heating layer (21) comprises a plurality of heating partitions (211), and the electrode layer (22) comprises structural boundaries (221) defining a boundary of the electrode layer (22) and further comprises region boundaries (222), the space between adjacent region boundaries (222) defining the heating partitions (211).

Description

Technical FieldThe present application relates to heating panels and interior trim panels.BackgroundHowever, the heating effect of vehicle air conditioners on the occupants is slow, especially in some parts of the body where there are blind spots for heating, and the energy consumption for heating is relatively large, which affects the reach especially in electric vehicles.Moreover, the heating solution of the air conditioners generates some noise, and the hot air flow of the heating operation of the air conditioners may also cause discomfort to dryness in the face and eyes of the occupant.In the prior art, a Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN117657012A, entitled "Interior Trim for Motor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Including Such Interior Trim", and the date of Publication of Mar. 8, 2024, discloses an interior trim and a heating panel included therein. The interior trim panel comprises: a transparent decorative sheet having an outer surface and an inner surface; and a heating sheet comprising a heating element extending in the plane of the heating sheet, wherein the heating element is selected from at least one of graphene, carbon nanotubes, multi-wall carbon nanotubes, carbon fiber and is screen printed on the inner surface side of the decorative sheet. The heating sheet further comprises electrodes screen printed by silver ink or copper ink on an upper side or a lower side of the heating sheet.In some practical application scenarios, there is a need to further reduce the manufacturing cost of heating panels.Content of the Utility ModelThe object of the present application is to provide a heating panel.The object of the present application is also to provide an interior trim.A heating panel according to a first aspect of the present application, comprising a decorative sheet having an outer surface and an inner surface; and a heating structure having a heating sheet and an electrode sheet, wherein the heating structure is disposed on an inner side of the decorative sheet; wherein the heating sheet is formed of a heating carbon material and the electrode sheet is formed of a metal; wherein the heating sheet comprises a plurality of heating partitions, and the electrode sheet comprises structure boundaries defining a boundary of the electrode sheet, and further comprises region boundaries, wherein the space between adjacent region boundaries defines the heating partitions.The heating panel introduced in the above technical solution reduces the amount of metal used as electrodes in manufacturing the heating panel, reduces the manufacturing cost of the heating panel, and ensures that good heating uniformity can be achieved even based on a smaller amount of metal and heating carbon material by providing an electrode sheet and a heating sheet in a heating structure, respectively, and the electrode sheet provides structure boundaries as a boundary of the electrode sheet and a structure defining region boundaries between adjacent heating partitions, The width of the heating partitions and the number of region boundaries or of the heating partitions can therefore be adapted to meet the requirements of an agile product development.In one or more embodiments of the heating panel, the heating carbon material includes at least one of carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and graphene.In one or more embodiments of the heating panel, the width of the structure boundaries and region boundaries of the electrode layer is 5 mm to 25 mm, wherein the distance of adjacent region boundaries provides a width of the individual heating partitions of 30 mm to 50 mm.In one or more embodiments of the heating panel, the structure boundaries and the region boundaries include bend portions having transition fillets, wherein the radius of the transition fillets is 5 mm to 15 mm.In one or more embodiments of the heating panel, the structural boundaries include an opposing first structural boundary and second structural boundary, wherein one end of a single region boundary is connected to one of the first structural boundary and the second structural boundary and extends toward the other of the first structural boundary and the second structural boundary to another end of the region boundary, the other end having a gap with the corresponding other of the first structural boundary and the second structural boundary.In one or more embodiments of the heating panel, the width of the structure boundaries varies from one end to the other end in the direction of extension of the structure boundaries.In one or more embodiments of the heating panel, the heating panel includes a first insulation layer disposed between the heating structure and the decor layer to insulate the heating structure from the decor layer.In one or more embodiments of the heating panel, the heating panel further comprises a substrate disposed on an inner side of the heating structure to support the heating structure; wherein the heating panel further comprises a second insulation layer disposed between the heating structure and the substrate to insulate the heating structure from the substrate.An interior trim according to a second aspect of the present application, comprising the heating panel according to the first aspect, wherein the outer surface of the decorative sheet of the heating panel forms at least a part of the surface of the interior trim.The advantageous effect of the interior trim introduced in the above embodiments is that a highly efficient and low-energy heating solution can be provided using the heating panel introduced in the first aspect, the manufacturing cost of the interior trim is relatively low, and the requirement of the agile product development can also be satisfied.In one or more embodiments of the interior trim, the interior trim is a door insert, a door armrest, an armrest of the center console, a side wall of the center console, a lower trim of the driver, a seat back, a seat armrest, or any trim of the interior.DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGThe above and other features, properties and advantages of the present application are explained in more detail on the basis of the following description in conjunction with the drawings and exemplary embodiments, wherein: FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner liner of a transportation means according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an interior trim and a heating panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating panel of an interior trim according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating panel of an interior trim according to another embodiment.Name list:1000 Means of transport 100 Interior trim 101 Dashboard 102 Door trim 1021 Insert panel 103 Central console 1031 Armrest of the central console 10 Heating panel 1 Decorative ply 11 Outer surface 12 Inner surface 2 Heating structure 21 Heating ply 211 Heating subdivision 22 Electrode ply 221 Structure boundary 2211 First structure boundary 2212 Second structure boundary 2213 One end 2214 The other end 222 Region boundary 223 Bending section 224 Transition rounded portion 225 Gap 3 First insulation ply 4 Second insulation ply 41 First adhesive ply 42 Second adhesive ply 30 Substrate 5 Plug connector 200 Control unit.Detailed EmbodimentsThe present application will be further explained below in connection with specific embodiments and drawings. Further details are explained in the following description in order to facilitate complete understanding of the present application, but it is obvious that the present application can be implemented in a variety of other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar promoters and derivatives according to the actual application without injuring the meanings of the present application, and therefore the scope of the present application should not be limited by the contents of these specific embodiments.At the same time, certain words are used in the present application to describe embodiments of the present application.The orientation words "inner, outer" refer to inner and outer with respect to the contour of the individual components themselves. Moreover, "one embodiment" and / or "some embodiments" refer to a feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the present application.As shown in the present application and claims, the words "a," "an," and / or "the / s" do not specifically refer to the singular and also the plural, unless the context clearly causes an exception. In general, the terms "comprise" and "contain" merely imply the inclusion of uniquely identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not represent an exclusive listing. The method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.In describing the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by keywords such as "front, rear, above, below, left, right", "transverse, longitudinal, vertical, horizontal", and "upper, lower" are generally based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for convenience of description of the present application and for convenience of description. Unless otherwise indicated, these keywords do not indicate and imply that the designated devices or elements have a particular orientation or must be constructed and functioning in a particular orientation and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. The orientation shapes "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer contour of the individual components themselves.Moreover, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define parts serves only to facilitate the distinction between the corresponding parts. Unless otherwise indicated, the words mentioned above have no particular meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. Moreover, although the terms used in the present application are selected from well-known terms, some of the terms mentioned in the description of the present application may be selected by the applicant after their judgment, and their detailed meanings are described in the relevant parts of the description herein.Although the heating panels and interior trims disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are preferably suitable for vehicles, they are not limited thereto and may be applied to, for example, other applications of the transportation means such as railroad trains, ships, and aircraft as long as the transportation means can apply the heating panel and the interior trim disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.Moreover, the present application improves user experience and heating efficiency as compared with current heating solutions for air conditioners, but this does not mean that the vehicle using the heating panel and the interior trim of the present application cannot be equipped with a heating air conditioner. The meaning of occupants described below is broad, i.e., all people in the transportation means are occupants, such as drivers and passengers. The transportation means 1000 illustrated in FIG. 1 is an automobile having an interior trim 100 which may include, for example, a dashboard 101, a door trim 102, a center console 103, etc. The interior trim 100 described in the following embodiments is suitable for the heating panel 10, For example, the door insert 1021 (door panel insert) of the door trim 102 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 may be the center console arm rest armrest 1031 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, or the armrest of the center console 1031 (center console arm rest) shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 may be a position where the current vehicle air conditioner is difficult to sufficiently heat and the armrest of the center console 1031 is a position where the occupant has more contact, for example, Moreover, the panel may be a door armrest 1022 (door panel arm rest), a side wall of the center consoles 1032 (center console sidewall), a lower driver trim 1011, a seat back 1051, a seat armrest, etc., as shown in FIG. 1.As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the interior trim panel 100 includes a heating panel 10, wherein the outer surface 11 of the decorative ply 1 of the heating panel 10 forms at least a part of the surface of the interior trim panel 100.As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, in some embodiments, the heating panel 10 includes a decorative sheet 1 and a heating structure 2 on the inside of the decorative sheet 1.The inside and the outside here mean that the side of the heating panel 10 that is near the occupant is the outside and the opposite side is the inside.The outer surface 11 is generally a surface of the heating panel 10 which is directly accessible or visible to the occupant. It is understood that the decorative ply 1 can consist of plastic, textile, leather, artificial leather, metal etc. or of a composite of the above-mentioned materials, such as e.g. leather plus base fabric, such as e.g. the commonly used artificial leather (PVC / PU / TPU etc.) with a total thickness of approximately 1.1 mm plus base fabric or of leather with a thickness of approximately 3 mm plus foam. The above-mentioned materials serve merely as an example and are not intended to imply any restrictions on specific materials, for example the above-mentioned materials can also be subjected to additional treatments such as softening, polishing, corrosion-resistant covering etc. The decorative ply 10 can be flexible and thus cover any desired 3D structures.The heating structure 2 includes a heating layer 21 and an electrode layer 22, the heating structure 2 is disposed on an inner side of the decorative layer 1. the heating layer 21 is formed of a heating carbon material and the electrode layer 22 is formed of a metal; the heating layer 21 includes a plurality of heating partitions 211, and the electrode layer 22 includes structure boundaries 221 defining a boundary of the electrode layer 22, and further includes region boundaries 222, the space between adjacent region boundaries 222 defining the heating partitions 211.Herein, heating carbon materials refer to materials that generate heat according to the following principles: in the case of electricity, carbon molecules generate atoms, ions, and electrons, wherein the carbon molecule groups rub against each other and collide with each other (also known as Brownian motion) to generate heat energy radiated by far infrared rays having a wavelength of 5-14 micrometers. Preferably, the heating carbon materials may include at least one of carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and graphene, wherein the carbon nanotubes may be in the form of single-wall carbon nanotubes, multi-wall carbon nanotubes, etc., and moreover, the carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and graphene may also be carbon materials having doped atoms. Compared with heat generation of conventional carbon materials, it has the characteristics of a large power per unit area and a high energy efficiency, which can miniaturize the heating structure and reduce the energy consumption.The method in which the heating layer 21 is formed of the heating carbon material may be formed by covering the paste mixed with the heating carbon material. The paste generally contains a solvent, a heating carbon material ink, a dispersant, a binder, and other additives, and the mass percentage of each component is selected according to each case.The method in which the electrode sheet 22 is formed of metal may be formed by covering the paste mixed with the metal. For example, it may be formed by covering the conductive silver paste, but is not limited to silver paste, for example, it may be another highly conductive metal paste such as copper. It can also be realized, for example, by coating methods such as ultrasonic spraying.The method used for manufacturing the heating structure 2 may be that first, the heating layer 21 is screen-printed on the inner surface 12 of the decorative layer 1 and, based on the heating layer 21, screen-printed on the heating layer 21 to obtain the electrode layer 22 stacked on the heating layer 21.The electrode layer 22 comprises structure boundaries 221, wherein the structure boundaries 221 define a boundary of the electrode layer 22, wherein it means that as shown in FIGS. 3-4 the extension of the heating structure 2 is defined by the structure boundaries 221. The space between adjacent region boundaries 222 defines the heating partitions 211, as shown in FIG. 2, not that the heating partitions 211 are completely separated from each other, but that the electrode sheet 22 is stacked on the heating sheet 21, and that the heating partitions 211 refer to a defined region of the heating sheet 21 corresponding to a projection of the adjacent region boundaries 222.As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the specific configuration of the structure boundaries 221 and the region boundary 222 may be that the structure boundaries 221 include an opposing first structure boundary 2211 and second structure boundary 2212, with one end of a single region boundary 222 connected to one of the first structure boundary 2211 and the second structure boundary 2212, and extending toward the other of the first structure boundary 2211 and the second structure boundary 2212 to another end of the region boundary 222, with the other end having a gap 225 with the corresponding other of the first structure boundary 2211 and the second structure boundary 2212, so that it is easier to perform the structural configuration of the heating structure 2.The structural parameters of the heating layer 21 and the electrode layer 22 can appear, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, such that the width of the structure boundaries 221 and the region boundaries 222 of the electrode layer 22 is between 5 mm and 25 mm. Preferably, in some embodiments, the width of the structure boundaries 221 along their direction of extension may be a structure of unequal width, as shown in FIG. 3 as well as in FIG. 4, wherein the width W of the structure boundaries 221 varies from one end 2213 to the other end 2214 in the direction of extension of the structure boundaries 221 as shown in FIG. 3, asymptotically varies, wherein the width of the structure boundaries 221 becomes progressively narrower from one end 2213 to the other end 2214; or, as shown in FIG. 4, gradually varies, wherein the width of the structure boundaries 221 narrows stepwise from one end 2213 to the other end 2214 at a specific location. The spacing of the adjacent region boundaries 222 results in a width of the individual heating partitions 211 of 30 mm to 50 mm. The inventor has found that a better balance between cost reduction and sufficient heating effect can be achieved thereby.With continued reference to FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the structure boundaries 221 and the region boundaries 222 include bending portions 223 having transition fillets 224, where the radius of the transition fillets is 5 mm to 15 mm. The significance of the bending portions 223 may relate, for example, to a vertical bending which is of course not strictly vertical 90°, but may also lie within a tolerance of ±10°, for example. The bend portions 223, e.g., as shown in FIG. 4, may extend vertically from the structure boundaries 221, or may be a bend of the structure boundaries 221 themselves, both not limited in this manner. the inventor has found that the use of transition fillets 224 having a radius of 5 mm to 15 mm may further optimize heating uniformity of the heating panel. It is understood that the provision of the transition fillets is not a necessary structure. If the heating uniformity requirements are not high, such as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, no corresponding transition fillets are provided.Referring to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, a structure of the heating structure 2 located on the inner side of the decorative sheet 1 further includes a first insulation sheet 3 disposed between the heating structure 2 and the decorative sheet 1 to insulate the heating structure 2 from the decorative sheet 1.The provision of the first insulation sheet 3 serves to prevent excessive stretching of the skin of the decorative sheet 10 and to prevent the skin surface from being pressed by covering various pastes. It goes without saying that the provision of the first insulation layer 3 is not necessary. If the elongation by the heating structure 2 of the decorative sheet 10 itself and the impression caused by the cover are not sensitive, e.g., the thermal expansion coefficient of the decorative sheet 10 is small and the color of the decorative sheet 10 itself is darker, then the heating structure 2 can be directly covered on the inner surface 12 of the decorative sheet 1 by screen printing, spraying, and other processes.With continued reference to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the heating panel 10 may also include a substrate 30 disposed on an inner side of the heating structure 2 to support the heating structure 2. the substrate 30 may be formed from thermoplastic or rigid plastic polymers including PET, MMA, PC, PU, ABS, PP and NFPP, etc. The thickness of the substrate 30 is between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 2.5 mm. Preferably, in some embodiments, the heating panel 10 may further include a second insulation layer 4 located between the heating structure 2 and the substrate 30 to insulate the heating structure 2 and the substrate 30, wherein the second insulation sheet 4 can be adhered to the heating structure 2 and the substrate 30 through the first adhesive sheet 41 and the second adhesive sheet 42. the second insulation sheet 4 can be a spacer fabric material such as a composite fiber material (including synthetic fibers and natural fibers), or a material such as felt, and the second insulation sheet is preferably made of a material having better heat insulating properties so that while it performs an insulation and protection function, it simultaneously reduces heat loss by heat transfer to the inside of the heating panel 10 (i.e., to the side of the substrate 30) and improves the thermal efficiency of the heating structure 2, wherein the connector 5 is for electrically connecting to a control unit 200 for controlling the temperature of the heating structure 2.The connector 5 is electrically connected to the control unit 200 for sending and receiving signals and for controlling the heating function.The control unit 200 controls the temperature provided by the heating structure 2 within a predetermined threshold value of about 50° C., wherein this temperature corresponds approximately to the heating temperature of the carbon nanotubes.In this way, the outer surface 11 of the decorative ply 1 can offer a pleasant temperature for the occupant, and the occupant does not accidentally come into contact with the outer surface 11 and causes a hot feel.It is understood that the control unit 200 here can be spatially a control unit 200 arranged in the vicinity of the heating panel 10 or a control unit 200 of a vehicle, wherein, apart from the wired connection via the connector 5, the scheme in which the electrode sheet 22 is wirelessly connected to the control unit 200 is not excluded.In summary, the advantageous effects of the heating panel and the interior trim described using the above embodiments include, among other things, that the amount of metal used as electrodes in manufacturing the heating panel reduces, the manufacturing cost of the heating panel reduces, and ensures that good heating uniformity can be achieved also on the basis of a smaller amount of metal and heating carbon material by providing an electrode sheet and a heating sheet respectively in a heating structure, and the electrode sheet provides structure boundaries as a boundary of the electrode sheet and provides a structure defining area boundaries between adjacent heating partitions, By adjusting the structural parameters such as the structural boundaries of the electrode layer, the width and extension length of the region boundaries, the width of the heating partitions, and the number of the region boundaries or the heating partitions, it is thus possible to meet the requirements of an agile product development.Although the present application is disclosed as above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedCN 117657012A

[0004]

Claims

A heating panel (10) comprising: a decorative sheet (1) having an outer surface (11) and an inner surface (12); and a heating structure (2) having a heating sheet (21) and an electrode sheet (22), wherein the heating structure (2) is disposed on an inner side of the decorative sheet (1); wherein the heating sheet (21) is formed of a heating carbon material and the electrode sheet (22) is formed of a metal; wherein the heating sheet (21) comprises a plurality of heating partitions (211) and the electrode sheet (22) comprises structure boundaries (221) defining a boundary of the electrode sheet (22), and further comprises region boundaries (222), wherein the space between adjacent region boundaries (222) defines the heating partitions (211).The heating panel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating carbon material comprises at least one of carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and graphene.Heating panel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the structure boundaries (221) and region boundaries (222) of the electrode layer (22) is 5 mm to 25 mm, wherein the distance of adjacent region boundaries (222) provides a width of the individual heating partitions (211) of 30 mm to 50 mm.Heating panel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure boundaries (221) and the region boundaries (222) have bending portions (223) with transition fillets (224), wherein the radius of the transition fillets (224) is 5 mm to 15 mm.The heating panel (10) of claim 1, characterized in that the structural boundaries (221) comprise an opposing first structural boundary (2221) and second structural boundary (2212), one end of a single region boundary (222) being connected to one of the first structural boundary (2211) and the second structural boundary (2212) and extending toward the other of the first structural boundary (2211) and the second structural boundary (2212) to another end of the region boundary (222), the other end having a gap with the corresponding other of the first structural boundary (2211) and the second structural boundary (2212).Heating panel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the structure boundaries (221) varies from one end to the other end in the extension direction of the structure boundaries (221).The heating panel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating panel further comprises a first insulation layer (3) arranged between the heating structure (2) and the decorative layer (1) to insulate the heating structure (2) from the decorative layer (1).The heating panel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating panel further comprises a substrate (30) disposed on an inner side of the heating structure (2) to support the heating structure (2); wherein the heating panel (10) further comprises a second insulation sheet (4) disposed between the heating structure (2) and the substrate (30) to insulate the heating structure (2) from the substrate (30).An interior trim (100) comprising a heating panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the outer surface (11) of the decorative ply (1) of the heating panel (10) forms at least a part of the surface of the interior trim (100).The interior trim (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that the interior trim (100) is a door insert (1021), a door armrest (1022), an armrest of the center console (1031), a side wall of the center console (1032), a lower panel of the driver (1011), a seat back (1051), a seat armrest or any panel of the interior space.

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