Fixing device

Abstract

A fixing device (1) for fixing a complex component (2) on which a dome (3) is formed for connection to the fixing device (1), wherein the fixing device (1) has a housing (4) which accommodates, in a cylinder (5), a piston (7) which is equipped with an interior space (6) and mounted for axial movement by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic system, the countermovement of which piston is provided by a spiral spring (10) which is supported on the one hand on a cover (8) closing the cylinder (5) and on the other hand on an annular collar (9) of the piston (7), characterized in that the interior space (6) of the piston (7) is conical at least in sections, and in the interior space (6) at least one clamping insert (11) which is movable coaxially to the piston (7) and has an outer surface (12) which is conical opposite to the conical surface of the interior space (6) of the piston (7) is mounted.

Description

The invention relates to a fixing device according to the preamble of claim 1.WO 2021 / 000976 A1 already discloses a fixing device which has a plurality of clamping mechanisms, each of which contains a pneumatic piston and is arranged distributed uniformly along the circumference of a supporting strut to be fixed. The pneumatic pistons can be moved between a tensioned state and an non-tensioned state, so that the tensioning mechanisms act like clamping jaws, wherein the support strut is in turn mounted in a ball joint of a housing, so that it can be moved both in the axial direction and is pivotably received in any direction in the ball joint, as long as the tensioning mechanisms are not activated. The solution known from this publication has been developed for a specific application and represents a relatively complicated construction overall.The object of the invention is to provide a fixing device which has a simple structure and is capable of fixing a complex component on which at least one dome for connection to the fixing device is present for this purpose.The invention achieves this object with the features of claim 1.A fixing device for fixing a complex component, on which a dome is formed for connection to the fixing device, wherein the fixing device has a housing which accommodates in a cylinder a piston which is equipped with an interior and is mounted so as to be axially movable by means of hydraulic or pneumatics and the counter movement of which is provided by a helical spring which is supported on the one hand on a cover closing the cylinder and on the other hand on an annular collar of the piston, has been developed according to the invention in such a way that the interior of the piston is at least partially conical and in the interior at least one clamping insert which can be moved coaxially with respect to the piston is mounted with an outer surface which is conical in the opposite direction to the conical surface of the interior of the piston.By means of the cones of the piston and the clamping insert, a clamping effect is achieved in a particularly simple manner. The movement of these components relative to one another is effected by means of hydraulic or pneumatic means in a manner known per se. Simple helical springs can be used for the restoring movement, so that the construction as a whole has also been simplified as a result. For fixing the component by means of the fixing device, an elevation in the form of a dome is to be provided only on the component, on which elevation the fixing device can grasp the component. Of course, a component can also have a plurality of domes and can be accommodated with a plurality of fixing devices.According to a first embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the clamping insert is mounted in the interior of the piston counter to the force of a helical spring. This measure ensures a very compact design which makes it possible in a simple manner to open and close the fixing device.For a high degree of accuracy, it is also advantageous according to a further development of the invention if the clamping insert is composed of a plurality of individual segments which, in the relaxed state, have a gap spacing from one another and, in the tensioned state, are drawn together, with respect to the circumference of the clamping insert, to form a closed circular ring when the piston is subjected to compressed air or to a hydraulic pressure.Furthermore, with one embodiment of the invention, optimum guidance of the clamping insert can be achieved if the cover has a conical surface which is formed in its opening region and on which a likewise conical surface of the clamping insert which bears in a complementary manner against the latter bears. In this way, it can be achieved that the clamping insert slides along the conical surface of the cover. In other words, the dome of the component projects in sections into the opening of the cover, through which a section of the clamping insert is also guided.Since the fixing device according to the invention is operated hydraulically or pneumatically, optimum sealing of the elements movable relative to one another is of considerable importance. For the reason mentioned, it is proposed that an annular seal is inserted into a groove of the piston, said annular seal sealing the piston with respect to the cylinder.For the supply of the compressed air or the hydraulic fluid, there is furthermore a connection on the housing on the fixing device.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings. The exemplary embodiment shown is not a restriction to the variant shown, but serves merely to explain a principle of the invention. Identical or similar components are always denoted by the same reference numerals. In order to be able to illustrate the mode of operation according to the invention, only greatly simplified schematic diagrams are shown in the figures, in which the components which are not essential for the invention have been dispensed with. However, this does not mean that such components are not present in a solution according to the invention.It shows: FIG. 1 : a section through a fixing device in a closed clamping position, and FIG. 2 : a section through the fixing device from FIG. 1 in an open position.The section through a fixing device 1 shown in FIG. 1 also shows its function, namely the fixing of a component 2 which has at least one raised dome 3 for connection to the fixing device 1. The fixing device 1 accommodates in its housing 4, which in the example shown has a connection 18 for compressed air, an axially movable piston 7 which is guided in a cylinder 5. An annular seal 17 inserted into a groove 16 serves for sealing between the cylinder 5 and the piston 7, the cylinder 5 being closed on its side opposite the connection 18 for the compressed air by a cover 8, the cover 8 being fastened to the housing 4 by means of a plurality of screws and having a central through-opening. The special feature of the present solution is that an interior space 6 is formed in the piston 7 with an at least partially conical course, into which a clamping insert 11 is inserted in a complementary manner, which is opened or closed by the upward and downward movement of the piston 7. For this purpose, the clamping insert 11 is composed of a plurality of individual segments which are arranged distributed over the circumference and which open or close as a result of the movement of the piston 7. The conical outer surface 12 of the clamping insert 11 is thus slidably mounted on the conical inner surface of the piston 7. For the restoring movement of the piston 7 into its neutral starting position, a helical spring is also inserted into the cylinder 5 of the housing 4, which spring is supported on the one hand on an annular collar 9 of the piston 7 and, opposite this annular collar 9, on a surface of the cover 8. A further particular feature of the variant embodiment of a fixing device 1 shown in FIG. 1 can also be seen in the fact that the passage opening of the cover 8 likewise has a conical surface 14, on which a conical surface 15 of the clamping insert 11 is mounted in a slidingly movable manner. For the restoring movement of the clamping insert 11, the latter has a helical spring 13 in the interior 6 of the piston 7.In contrast to the illustration in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows the fixing device 1 in an open position, which means that a gap spacing is present between the conical surface 14 of the cover 8 and the corresponding conical surface 15 of the clamping insert 11, such that the fixing device 1 can be released from the dome 3 of the component 2.LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS:1 Fixing device 2 component 3 dome 4 housing 5 cylinder 6 interior 7 piston 8 cover 9 annular collar 10 spiral spring 11 clamping insert 12 conical outer surface 13 spiral spring 14 conical surface (of the cover) 15 conical surface (of the clamping insert) 16 groove 17 annular seal 18 connectionReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedWO 2021 / 000976 A1

[0002]

Claims

Fixing device (1) for fixing a complex component (2), on which a dome (3) is formed for connection to the fixing device (1), wherein the fixing device (1) has a housing (4) which accommodates in a cylinder (5) a piston (7) equipped with an interior space (6) and mounted so as to be axially movable by means of hydraulic or pneumatics, the counter movement of which is provided by a helical spring (10) which is supported on the one hand on a cover (8) closing the cylinder (5) and on the other hand on an annular collar (9) of the piston (7), characterized in that the interior space (6) of the piston (7) is formed at least in sections conically and in the interior space (6) at least one clamping insert (11) which can be moved coaxially with the piston (7) is mounted with an outer surface (12) which is conical in the opposite direction to the conical surface of the interior space (6) of the piston (7).Fixing device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the clamping insert (11) is mounted in the interior space (6) of the piston (7) counter to the force of a helical spring (13).Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping insert (11) is composed of a plurality of individual segments which, in the relaxed state, have a gap spacing from one another and, in the tensioned state, are drawn together, with respect to the circumference of the clamping insert (11), to form a closed circular ring when the piston (7) is subjected to compressed air or to a hydraulic pressure.Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (8) has a conical surface (14), in complementary fashion to which a conical surface (15) of the clamping insert (11) bearing against the latter bears.Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an annular seal (17) is inserted into a groove (16) of the piston (7).Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a connection (18) is provided on the housing (4) for supplying the compressed air or the hydraulic fluid.

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