Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery

Abstract

Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1), comprising an indoor module (2), an outdoor module (4), a central module (3) with a plate heat exchanger (5), fans (11, 26), an inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6), an outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7), an inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8), an outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9), and a partition wall (10) between the inlet chambers and the outlet chambers of the exhaust air duct and the supply air duct, respectively, characterized in that a counterflow or crossflow type heat exchanger is used as the plate heat exchanger (5), and the fans (11, 26) form counterflow air flows, wherein the fan (11) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8), and the fan (26) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7), or the fan (26) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6) and the fan (11) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9),or the fan (26) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6), and the fan (11) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8), or the fan (11) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9), and the fan (26) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7); and the system comprises a condensate drainage system.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to ventilation systems, in particular supply and exhaust air systems with heat recovery, and can be used for installation in residential and special rooms.

[0002] Numerous different technical solutions of various shapes and designs are known from the state of the art, which are intended for the natural ventilation of residential and non-residential spaces.

[0003] The motivation for developing optimal ventilation solutions lies in the desire to design spaces to ensure maximum energy efficiency within the building. However, increasing the building's energy efficiency leads to a proportional reduction in natural climate regulation within the building. In other words, in such spaces, the air is significantly dried out due to central heating, the operation of a significant number of household appliances, and other modern technological factors, creating a favorable environment for the development of allergic diseases and respiratory complaints or illnesses.

[0004] In spring and summer, energy-saving buildings have difficulty dissipating increased humidity, which makes natural air circulation in the interior difficult and creates a favorable environment for the growth of fungi and harmful microorganisms.

[0005] The above statements have long been known. Therefore, medical institutions in many developed countries recommend regular ventilation of rooms. Standards regulating air exchange systems are being introduced in most countries.

[0006] Typically, ventilation is achieved by opening windows, which ensures natural air circulation in the interior. However, simply opening windows causes many inconveniences. In particular, an open window, due to its large surface area, significantly cools the room in winter, and in summer it heats it, resulting in significant energy expenditure to ensure acceptable and comfortable working and living conditions. Therefore, work on the development and improvement of ventilation systems is ongoing.

[0007] Known [Patent of Ukraine No. 146223 F24F7 / 00, F28F13 / 14 dated 27.01.2021] is a heat recovery ventilation system comprising a heat exchanger with air supply pipes, a fan and a heat exchanger, which are interconnected and installed in the wall of the room, between its outer and inner surfaces. In the opening between the outer and inner surfaces of the room, two concentric direct-flow cylinders are installed, between which, on the outer surface of the inner cylinder, a corrugated tube heat exchanger with an Ω-shaped cross-section is fixed, and on the inner surface of the cylinder, additionally, an outer fan and an inner fan are installed opposite each other.the openings of the system are equipped with corresponding external and internal covers, the inner cover being equipped with an air supply grille and an outlet slot for internal air with an air distributor accordingly, and the outer cover being additionally equipped with a condensate drain opening made outside the surface plane of the external wall, as well as with an air intake grille and a corresponding outlet grille for internal air;

[0008] The disadvantages of this supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery lie in the low efficiency of the air heat exchange. As the air flows along the heat transfer surface of the corrugated tube heat exchanger, the recesses in the heat exchanger's troughs reduce the effective heat exchange surface. Unbalanced airflows within the system lead to low air exchange efficiency.

[0009] Another disadvantage is that it lacks resistance to wind loads. Since the outdoor module is designed with an open construction, it offers no wind protection for the exhaust duct and creates a risk of the product freezing in subzero temperatures.

[0010] Since it is structurally impossible to install full-fledged heaters and filter components, and the power supply unit is located in the room module, no additional heating of the heat exchanger is ensured, and the design of the heat exchanger causes excessive condensate precipitation and leads to possible icing of the system.

[0011] Known [invention application no. EP4417886A1 F24F12 / 00; F24F7 / 08; F28D21 / 00; F28F9 / 02; dated 21.08.2024] is the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery, intended for installation in an external wall of a building, said system comprising an indoor module and a heat exchange module adjacent to it, comprising a cylindrical corrugated tube heat exchanger with a plurality of heat-transferring air ducts arranged along the axis of symmetry of said heat exchanger, said air ducts having identical cross-sections and adjacent to one another, forming a continuous corrugated volume of heat exchange segments;a first separator and a second separator for separating and guiding exhaust air and supply air flows in opposite directions within the heat-transferring air supply pipes, wherein the first separator and the second separator are located on both end faces of the heat exchanger and are positioned on the symmetry axis of the heat exchanger; a first fan and a second fan, the housings of which are located on the first separator and the second separator, respectively, on the end faces of the separators facing away from the heat exchanger, wherein the axis of one of the fans is parallel to the axis of the other fan and is not coaxial with said axis;

[0012] The disadvantages of this supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery are that the efficiency of the heat exchange of air and the performance with regard to air exchange are low and the design of the heat exchanger causes excessive condensate precipitation and insufficiently effective condensate drainage from the system, which can lead to possible icing of the system in the cold season.

[0013] The well-known [https: / / www.dimplex.eu / de-de / decentralised-domestic-ventilationunit-dl-50-wa2#372710] supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery is considered to be the closest state of the art and comprises an indoor module, an outdoor module and a central module, with a heat exchanger and fans arranged in the central module.

[0014] The disadvantages of the closest state of the art are that: - the design of the central module is complicated for the maintenance and operation of the product: the fans are not combined into a single fan module; - there is a complete lack of a condensate drainage system, for example a condensate collection tank, a pump for draining condensate from the system, channels for draining condensate from the system, and so on, which leads to excessive condensate accumulation and subsequent icing in countries with cold climates; - there is no heater in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct for preheating air, which is necessary to prevent condensate formation; - there is no heater for reheating air in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct, which is used to ensure a comfortable temperature of the supply air in countries with cold climates; - there are no filters, which leads to the penetration of polluted air and insects into the system and the room.

[0015] The purpose of the utility model is to develop a supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery in which: - a high efficiency of heat exchange of air is achieved by arranging a plate heat exchanger of counter-flow or cross-flow type in the central module; - a high level of efficiency in terms of air exchange is achieved through the structural arrangement of the fans; - the mixing of the air flows is prevented by the arrangement of partition walls in the central module between the inlet chambers and the outlet chambers of the exhaust air duct and the supply air duct; - the most effective heat dissipation from the heaters is achieved by the optimal arrangement of the heaters in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct and the outlet chamber of the supply air duct; - there is a condensate drainage system to prevent excessive condensate accumulation and subsequent icing of the installation in cold climate countries, namely a condensate collection tank and a duct for draining condensate from the installation, or a duct for draining condensate from the installation, or a pump for draining condensate from the installation, or a pump and a duct for draining condensate from the installation, or an evaporator; - the penetration of polluted air and insects into the system and the room is prevented by the filters provided.

[0016] The task is solved as follows. The supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery comprises an indoor module, an outdoor module, a central module with a plate heat exchanger, fans, an inlet chamber for the exhaust air duct, an outlet chamber for the exhaust air duct, an inlet chamber for the supply air duct, an outlet chamber for the supply air duct, and a partition wall between the inlet and outlet chambers of the exhaust air duct and the supply air duct, respectively.Wherein as the plate heat exchanger, a heat exchanger of counterflow or cross-flow type is used, and the fans form counter-rotating air flows, wherein one of the fans is arranged in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct, and the other fan is arranged in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, or one fan is arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, and the other fan is arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct, or one fan is arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, and the other fan is arranged in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct, or one fan is arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct, and the other fan is arranged in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct; and the system comprises a condensate drainage system.

[0017] According to one variant for solving the problem, the fans in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery can be combined into one fan module.

[0018] According to a preferred variant for solving the problem posed, the inlet chamber of the supply air duct in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery comprises a heater for preheating air.

[0019] Another variant for solving the problem is that the outlet chamber of the supply air duct in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery includes a heater for reheating air.

[0020] The task is also solved by the fans in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery comprising a mechanical flap and / or a gravity valve.

[0021] According to a further variant for solving the problem, the housing of the central module in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery comprises an outer thermal insulation shell.

[0022] The stated task is also solved by the fact that the condensate drainage system in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery comprises a condensate collection tank and a duct for draining condensate from the system.

[0023] The task is also solved by the fact that the condensate drainage system in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery is a channel for draining condensate from the system.

[0024] Furthermore, the task is solved by the condensate drainage system in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery being a pump for draining condensate from the system.

[0025] Another variant for solving the problem is that the condensate drainage system in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery includes a pump and a duct for draining condensate from the system.

[0026] Another variant for solving the problem is that the condensate drainage system in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery is a condensate collection tank with an ultrasonic evaporator.

[0027] Another variant for solving the problem is that in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery, filters are arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct and in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct.

[0028] Yet another variant for solving the problem is that in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery, the indoor module comprises an inner flap and / or an inner supply air grille and an inner exhaust air grille, and the outdoor module comprises an outer supply air grille and an outer exhaust air grille.

[0029] According to yet another variant for solving the problem posed, the outdoor module in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery comprises external flaps and / or an external supply air grille and an external exhaust air grille, and the indoor module comprises an internal supply air grille and an internal exhaust air grille.

[0030] The task is also solved by arranging one of the fans and / or the other fan in the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery at an angle to the conditional axis of symmetry of the system.

[0031] The present supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery differs from the closest state of the art in that it: - the central module includes a plate heat exchanger of counter-flow or cross-flow type, which ensures that the system has a high efficiency of heat exchange of air; - the central module comprises two fans arranged in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, or arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct and the outlet chamber of the supply air duct, or arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct and the inlet chamber of the supply air duct, or arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, which contributes to high air exchange efficiency; - the most effective heat dissipation from the heaters is achieved through the optimal arrangement of the heaters in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct and the outlet chamber of the supply air duct; - includes a condensate drainage system to prevent excessive condensate accumulation and subsequent icing of the system in cold climate countries; - Includes a filter that prevents polluted air and insects from entering the unit and the room.

[0032] By applying the present utility model, a supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery is realized in which a high efficiency of heat exchange and a high performance with regard to air exchange are guaranteed.

[0033] The nature of the utility model is explained using the figures, where: Fig. 1 - is an overall view of the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery; Fig. 2 - is a schematic representation of the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery, with the fans arranged in parallel in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct; Fig. 3 - is a schematic representation of the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery, with the fans arranged in parallel in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct and the outlet chamber of the supply air duct; Fig. 4 - is a schematic representation of the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery, with the fans arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct and the inlet chamber of the supply air duct; Fig. 5 - is a schematic representation of the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery, with the fans arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct; Fig. 6 - is a schematic representation of the warm and cold air flow.

[0034] In Fig. 1-6 the following reference symbols are shown: 1 supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery 2 interior modules 3 Central module 4 outdoor module 5 plate heat exchangers 6 Inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct 7 Outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct 8 Inlet chamber of the supply air duct 9 Outlet chamber of the supply air duct 10 Partition wall 11, 26 fans 12 mechanical flap 13 Gravity valve 14 heaters for preheating 15 heaters for reheating 16 filters 17 outer thermal insulation shell 18 Channel for draining condensate 19 Condensate collection tank 20 fan module 21 inner supply air grille 22 inner exhaust grille 23 inner flap 24 external supply air grille 25 outer exhaust grille 27 ultrasonic evaporators 28 Pump for draining condensate 29 outer flap.

[0035] The supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1) comprises an indoor module (2), a central module (3), and an outdoor module (4). The central module (3) is enclosed in an outer thermal insulation shell (17), which is used to reduce heat transfer to the surrounding structures (walls) and improves the noise characteristics of the system (see Fig. 1).

[0036] In the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1), two fans (11, 26) can be combined to form a fan module (20). The fans (11, 26) of the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1) comprise a mechanical damper (12) and / or a gravity valve (13).

[0037] The supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1) comprises a condensate drainage system (18). The condensate drainage system comprises a condensate collection tank (19) and a duct (18) for draining condensate from the system (1), or a duct (18) for draining condensate from the system (1), or a pump (28) for draining condensate from the system (1), or a pump (28) and a duct (18) for draining condensate from the system (1), or a condensate collection tank (19) with an ultrasonic evaporator (27).

[0038] The inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8) contains a heater (14) for preheating the air. The heater (14) is used to preheat the air to prevent condensation. The outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9) contains a heater (15) for postheating the air. The postheating heater (15) is used to ensure a comfortable supply air temperature in countries with cold climates.

[0039] The central module (3) includes filters (16) in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6) and the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8). The filters (16) are used to protect the plate heat exchanger (5) of counterflow or crossflow types, the radial fans (11), and also the room from the ingress of polluted air and insects. The filters (16) can be treated with an antibacterial agent.

[0040] The indoor module (2) comprises an inner flap (23) and / or an inner supply air grille (21) and an inner exhaust air grille (22), and the outdoor module (4) comprises an outer supply air grille (24) and an outer exhaust air grille (25).

[0041] The outdoor module (4) comprises external flaps (29) and / or an external supply air grille (24) and an external exhaust air grille (25), and the indoor module (2) comprises an internal supply air grille (21) and an internal exhaust air grille (22).

[0042] The plate heat exchanger (5) is understood to be a heat exchanger package (not shown) comprising a certain number of thin profiled plates (not shown) arranged parallel one above the other and forming a closed package with separate hermetic channels through which two air flows flow in opposite directions.

[0043] Fig. 2-6 show the flow of warm air (the dashed line) and cold air (the solid line) through the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1).

[0044] The supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1) works as follows. After switching on the supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1), the exhaust and supply air fans (11, 26) are switched on, which begins air exchange. The warm, used air from the room enters the indoor module (2), flows through the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6) and enters the plate heat exchanger (5), which heats it. After leaving the plate heat exchanger (5), the air enters the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7), where the exhaust air fan (26) is located, flows through the outdoor module (4) and is discharged outside through the exhaust air grille (21).

[0045] Simultaneously with the flow of warm air, cold fresh air is supplied. The cold outside air enters the outdoor module (4) through the supply air grille (21), flows through the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8), which houses the supply air fan (11), and enters the plate heat exchanger (5). The cold air entering the plate heat exchanger (5) is heated.

[0046] After leaving the plate heat exchanger (5), the fresh but heated air flows through the outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9), then it flows through the indoor module (2) and enters the room.

[0047] A partition wall (10) is arranged between the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8) and the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7), as well as between the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6) and the outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9) to prevent mixing of the air flows. The operation of the supply and exhaust air system results in heat exchange between the warm and cold air, with no mixing of the air flows.

[0048] Fig. Figure 2 shows schematically a supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1), in which the fans (11, 26) are arranged in parallel in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8) and the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7).

[0049] Fig. 3-5 show further arrangement variants of the fans (11, 26), whereby the heat exchange takes place according to the same principle.

[0050] The examples given represent only embodiments of the utility model and do not limit it.

[0051] The supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1) is controlled by means of a keypad on the side panel of the system, by means of an infrared remote control and by means of a mobile app via WLAN network (which is not shown in the figures and is not part of the scope of protection of the patent claims).

[0052] The supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1) is designed so that the indoor module and the central module can be easily separated from the ventilation duct (not shown in the figures), thus simplifying their maintenance during repair or inspection work. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 4417886A1

[0011] Cited non-patent literature

[0000] https: / / www.dimplex.eu / de-de / decentralised-domestic-ventilationunit-dl-50-wa2#372710

[0013]

Claims

[1] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery (1), comprising an indoor module (2), an outdoor module (4), a central module (3) with a plate heat exchanger (5), fans (11, 26), an inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6), an outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7), an inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8), an outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9) and a partition wall (10) between the inlet chambers and the outlet chambers of the exhaust air duct and the supply air duct, characterized bythat a counterflow or crossflow type heat exchanger is used as the plate heat exchanger (5) and the fans (11, 26) form counter-rotating air flows, wherein the fan (11) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8) and the fan (26) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7), or the fan (26) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6) and the fan (11) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9), or the fan (26) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6) and the fan (11) is arranged in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8), or the fan (11) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9) and the fan (26) is arranged in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (7); and the system comprises a condensate drainage system. [2] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized bythat the fans (11, 26) are combined to form a fan module (20). [3] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8) comprises a heater (14) for preheating air. [4] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the outlet chamber of the supply air duct (9) comprises a heater (15) for reheating air. [5] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the fans (11, 26) comprise a mechanical flap (12) and / or a gravitational valve (13). [6] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the housing of the central module (3) comprises an outer thermal insulation shell (17). [7] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized bythat the condensate drainage system comprises a condensate collecting tank (19) and a channel (18) for draining condensate from the system (1). [8] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the condensate drainage system is a channel (18) for draining condensate from the system (1). [9] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the condensate drainage system is a pump (28) for draining condensate from the system (1). [10] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the condensate drainage system comprises a pump (28) and a channel (18) for draining condensate from the system (1). [11] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the condensate drainage system is a condensate collection tank (19) with an ultrasonic evaporator (27). [12] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that filters (16) are arranged in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct (6) and in the inlet chamber of the supply air duct (8). [13] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the indoor module (2) comprises an inner flap (23) and / or an inner supply air grille (21) and an inner exhaust air grille (22), and the outdoor module (4) comprises an outer supply air grille (24) and an outer exhaust air grille (25). [14] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized by that the external module (4) comprises external flaps (29) and / or an external supply air grille (24) and an external exhaust air grille (25), and the internal module (2) comprises an internal supply air grille (21) and an internal exhaust air grille (22). [15] Supply and exhaust air system with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized bythat the fan (11) and / or the fan (26) are arranged at an angle to the conditional axis of symmetry of the system (1).

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