charger

Abstract

Charger, characterized in that it comprises a housing, a contact pin assembly and an electrically conductive assembly, wherein a first recess and a second recess are provided on the surface of the housing, wherein the first recess is U-shaped and the second recess is arranged within the U-shaped area of ​​the first recess;wherein the contact pin assembly comprises an electrode contact pin mechanism and an earthing contact pin, wherein the electrode contact pin mechanism is rotatably arranged in the first recess and can be rotated into a storage position received in the first recess as well as into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing for insertion into a socket, wherein the earthing contact pin is rotatably arranged in the second recess and can be rotated into a storage position received in the second recess as well as into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing for insertion into a socket; wherein the electrically conductive assembly is arranged inside the housing and is electrically connected to the electrode contact pin mechanism and the earthing contact pin.

Description

Technical field The present utility model relates to the technical field of chargers and in particular to a charger with stowable contact pins. State of the art Currently, commercially available chargers typically consist of a charging case and charging contact pins. The charging contact pins are permanently attached to the charging case and protrude from its surface. This design results in the charger's surface having a columnar, protruding structure rather than being flat. When stored, the protruding contact pins can easily snag or damage other items in a bag, and stacking multiple chargers creates instability, causing significant inconvenience for the user during daily carrying and storage. To overcome the aforementioned problems, some prior art designs propose chargers with rotatable, foldable contact pins. For example, the electrode contact pin and the grounding contact pin are each mounted via separate pivots in recesses on the housing surface, allowing the contact pins to be rotatably folded into the recesses when not in use, thus rendering the housing surface largely flat. However, this type of design typically requires several independent recesses on the housing surface, resulting in a less compact housing structure; the recesses occupy a comparatively large area and impair the overall miniaturization of the charger.Furthermore, the arrangement of independent recesses often results in the stowing and unfolding of the electrode contact pin and the grounding contact pin being done separately, so that the user has to operate the two contact pin groups individually, which makes operation inconvenient. Content of the utility model The purpose of the present utility model is to solve the prior art technical problem of a less compact storage structure and inconvenient operation of the charger contact pins, and to provide a charger with a compact structure, convenient operation and a flat surface when stored. To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the present utility model provides the following technical solution: A charger comprising a housing, a contact pin assembly and an electrically conductive assembly, wherein a first recess and a second recess are provided on the surface of the housing, the first recess being U-shaped and the second recess being arranged within the U-shaped area of ​​the first recess;wherein the contact pin assembly comprises an electrode contact pin mechanism and an earthing contact pin, wherein the electrode contact pin mechanism is rotatably arranged in the first recess and can be rotated into a storage position received in the first recess as well as into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing for insertion into a socket, wherein the earthing contact pin is rotatably arranged in the second recess and can be rotated into a storage position received in the second recess as well as into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing for insertion into a socket; wherein the electrically conductive assembly is arranged inside the housing and is electrically connected to the electrode contact pin mechanism and the earthing contact pin. Optionally, the electrode contact pin mechanism comprises a positive pole contact pin, a negative pole contact pin and a connecting element, wherein the positive pole contact pin and the negative pole contact pin are arranged side by side and are each attached to the two ends of the connecting element, and wherein the connecting element is rotatably mounted in the middle section of the first recess by means of a first pivot pin. Optionally, the end of the second recess facing the middle section can be connected to the middle section. Optionally, a receiving groove is provided in the middle area of ​​the connecting element, whereby the end of the grounding contact pin is received in the receiving groove when the grounding contact pin is in the stowed position. Optionally, a stop surface is provided in the receiving groove; the stop surface runs parallel to or coplanar with the bottom surface of the second recess when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the stowed position; when the electrode contact pin mechanism is rotated from the stowed position to the working position, the stop surface presses against the end of the grounding contact pin and causes the grounding contact pin to pivot in a direction away from the housing. Optionally, the connecting element has a first side surface for attaching the positive pole contact pin and the negative pole contact pin, with a grip recess provided on the first side surface for lifting the electrode contact pin mechanism. Optionally, first pivot pins are provided at both ends of the connecting element, wherein the first pivot pins are rotatably joined to the housing, the connecting element having a second side surface and a third side surface adjoining the second side surface; wherein two contact springs are provided inside the housing, the ends of the two contact springs projecting into the first recess and bearing against the connecting element; wherein the two contact springs bear against the second side surface when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the stowed position, and wherein the two contact springs bear against the third side surface and are each electrically connected to the positive pole contact pin and the negative pole contact pin when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the working position. Optionally, a first detent recess is provided at the end of the contact spring; wherein a first contact area is provided on the third side surface; wherein the first contact area engages in the first detent recess when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the working position. A second pivot pin is provided at the end of the grounding contact pin connected to the housing, wherein the second pivot pin is flattened and rotatably joined to the housing; wherein a second bearing bore for installing the second pivot pin is provided in the side wall of the second recess, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the second bearing bore is circular sector-shaped to limit the pivoting movement of the grounding contact pin between the stowed position and the working position. Optionally, a second contact area is provided at the end of the second pivot pin, wherein a first detent surface and an adjacent second detent surface are provided on the second contact area, each serving to position the working position and the stow position; wherein an earthing contact spring is provided inside the housing, the end of the earthing contact spring extending onto and bearing against the surface of the second contact area; wherein the earthing contact spring bears against the first detent surface and is electrically connected to the earthing contact pin when the earthing contact pin is in the working position; and wherein the earthing contact spring bears against the second detent surface and is electrically connected to the earthing contact pin when the earthing contact pin is in the stow position. Compared to the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantageous effects: In the present utility model, the arrangement of the U-shaped first recess on the housing surface and the clever placement of the second recess within the U-shaped area create a highly integrated recess arrangement. This "area-nested" design significantly saves space on the housing surface, makes the overall structure of the charger more compact, and provides sufficient storage space for both the electrode contact pin mechanism and the grounding contact pin. Simultaneously, the electrode contact pin mechanism and the grounding contact pin are each rotatably mounted in their respective recesses, with neither protruding beyond the housing surface in the stowed position. This results in a flat surface finish for the charger, which facilitates storage and transport. Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1 shows a perspective structural view of a charger according to an embodiment of the present utility model (where the contact pins are in the working position in Fig. (a) and in the storage position in Fig. (b)); Fig. 2 shows a front view of a charger according to an embodiment of the present utility model (contact pins in the storage position); Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional view along line AA in Fig. 2 (where the contact pins are in the working position in Fig. (a) and in the storage position in Fig. (b)); Fig. 4 shows an exploded view of a charger according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. 5 shows a structural view of the electrode contact pin mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Fig.Figure 6 shows a structural representation of the electrode contact pin mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a different perspective; Figure 7 shows a structural representation of the grounding contact pin according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Explanation of reference symbols: 1 Housing; 11 First recess; 111 Middle section; 12 Second recess; 13 Second bearing bore; 2 Electrode contact pin mechanism; 21 Positive pole contact pin; 22 Negative pole contact pin; 23 Connecting element; 231 First pivot pin; 232 Receiving groove; 2321 Stop surface; 233 First side surface; 2331 Grip recess; 234 Second side surface; 235 Third side surface; 2351 First contact area; 3 Grounding contact pin; 31 Second pivot pin; 311 Second contact area; 3111 First detent surface; 3112 Second detent surface; 4 Contact spring; 41 First detent recess; 5 Grounding contact spring; 51 Second detent recess. Detailed description of the embodiments The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely below with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 to 7. It is obvious that the described embodiments represent only a part and not all embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all further embodiments that a person skilled in the art obtains without inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that all directional indications (such as above, below, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present application serve only to explain the relative positional relationships, states of motion and the like of the individual components in a specific position (as shown in the drawings); if this specific position changes, the directional indications change accordingly. Furthermore, the designations "first," "second," and the like in this application serve only descriptive purposes and must not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or as an implicit indication of the number of designated technical features. Accordingly, a feature defined by "first" or "second" can explicitly or implicitly comprise at least one such feature. Moreover, the technical solutions of the individual embodiments can be combined, provided that the person skilled in the art can implement them. If contradictions or infeasibility arise when combining the technical solutions, it must be assumed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the claimed scope of protection of this application. As shown in Figures 1, 2 to 3, the present embodiment provides a charger comprising a housing 1, a contact pin assembly, and an electrically conductive assembly. A first recess 11 and a second recess 12 are provided on the surface of the housing 1, the first recess 11 being U-shaped and the second recess 12 being arranged within the U-shaped area of ​​the first recess 11. The contact pin assembly comprises an electrode contact pin mechanism 2 and a grounding contact pin 3. The electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is rotatably arranged in the first recess 11 and can be rotated into a storage position within the first recess 11 and into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing 1 for insertion into a power outlet.The grounding contact pin 3 is rotatably arranged in the second recess 12 and can be rotated into a storage position within the second recess 12, as well as into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing 1 for insertion into a socket. The electrically conductive assembly is located inside the housing 1 and is electrically connected to the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 and the grounding contact pin 3. In the present utility model, the arrangement of the U-shaped first recess 11 on the surface of the housing 1 and the clever placement of the second recess 12 within the U-shaped area create a highly integrated recess arrangement. This "area-nested" design significantly saves space on the surface of the housing 1, makes the overall structure of the charger more compact, and provides sufficient storage space for both the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 and the grounding contact pin 3. Simultaneously, the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 and the grounding contact pin 3 are each rotatably mounted in their respective recesses, with neither protruding beyond the surface of the housing 1 in the stowed position. This results in a flat surface for the charger, which facilitates storage and transport. In this specific embodiment, the housing 1 is typically a plastic housing containing a charging circuit board. The depth of the first recess 11 and the second recess 12 should be at least equal to, or slightly greater than, the thickness of the corresponding contact pin to ensure complete insertion. The U-shaped first recess 11 comprises two parallel side arm sections and a central section connecting the two side arm sections. The second recess 12 is preferably elongated, its length adapted to the length of the grounding contact pin 3; it is located inside the U and adjacent to the central section of the first recess 11.The electrically conductive assembly can include the contact springs 4 and the grounding contact spring 5 described in the following embodiments, but also a flexible circuit board, a metal contact plate or the like, as long as it can establish a stable electrical connection between the circuit board inside the housing 1 and the rotatable contact pins. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the electrode contact pin mechanism 2, in some specific embodiments, comprises a positive pole contact pin 21, a negative pole contact pin 22, and a connecting element 23. The positive pole contact pin 21 and the negative pole contact pin 22 are arranged side by side and each is attached to the two ends of the connecting element 23; the connecting element 23 is rotatably mounted in the central section 111 of the first recess 11 by means of a first pivot pin 231. Specifically, the central section 111 of the first recess 11 is the lower transverse section of the U-shaped recess. By providing the connecting element 23, which joins the positive pole contact pin 21 and the negative pole contact pin 22 into an integrated module, synchronous rotation of the two electrode contact pins is achieved. This ensures the synchronous operation of the unfolding and stowing movements and increases ease of use. Simultaneously, by arranging the axis of rotation of the connecting element 23 in the central section 111 of the U-shaped recess, the two contact pins can be accommodated in the two side arms of the U when stowed, thus ensuring a practical arrangement and efficient use of space. Specifically, the positive terminal contact pin 21 and the negative terminal contact pin 22 are each metallic, conductive plates, one end of which is connected to the connecting element 23 by overmolding or riveting. The connecting element 23 can be a plastic part with a through-hole bearing in its central region; the first pivot pin 231 can be a metal bolt fitted into this bearing hole or be formed as a projection integrally molded at both ends of the connecting element 23, which is rotatably joined directly to the bearing holes on the housing 1. The central section 111 is specifically the bottom region of the lower transverse section of the U-shaped first recess 11; a bearing seat for receiving the first pivot pin 231 is provided in this region. With regard to the mounting of the first pivot pin 231, a first bearing bore is specifically provided on the end side wall of the middle section 111 of the first recess 11, wherein the first pivot pin 231 is rotatably inserted into the first bearing bore. In other embodiments, the connecting element 23 can also be designed without a pivot pin, with the rotational movement instead being achieved via an arcuate guide groove provided on the housing 1 and a sliding block provided on the connecting element 23. The positive pole contact pin 21 and the negative pole contact pin 22 are also not limited to a straight plate shape, but can also be L-shaped or angled to adapt to different internal spatial arrangements of the housing 1. As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the end of the second recess 12 facing the middle section 111 is also connected to the middle section 111. By connecting the second recess 12 with the central section 111 of the first recess 11, the two recesses structurally merge into a single unit, thereby not only further increasing the structural compactness, but also providing installation space and fitting space for the coupling mechanism described in the following embodiments between the two contact pin mechanisms (e.g. receiving groove, stop surface). Specifically, an opening is formed on the side wall of the lower transverse section (middle section 111) of the U-shaped first recess 11, which is connected to the end of the second recess 12. The connection area can be designed as a circular arc transition or an inclined surface transition to avoid stress concentrations and facilitate demolding in the injection mold. The extension direction of the second recess 12 can run parallel to the side arms of the U-shaped first recess 11. In some embodiments of the connecting element 23, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the structure of the connecting element 23 is further specified. In the central region of the connecting element 23, a receiving groove 232 is provided, wherein the end of the grounding contact pin 3 is received in the receiving groove 232 when the grounding contact pin 3 is in the stowed position. By providing the receiving groove 232 on the connecting element 23, a "relief" or "receiving space" is provided for the end of the grounding contact pin 3. Since the second recess 12 is connected to the central section 111 of the first recess 11, the end of the grounding contact pin 3 projects into the area of ​​the first recess 11 when stowed, with the connecting element 23 located precisely in this area. Therefore, the arrangement of the receiving groove 232 prevents a collision between the end of the grounding contact pin 3 and the connecting element 23, allowing both to be nested tightly together and further reducing the overall thickness. Specifically, the receiving groove 232 is a groove formed in the middle area of ​​the connecting element 23, open towards the end of the grounding contact pin 3. Its shape is adapted to the end contour of the grounding contact pin 3, for example, rectangular or arc-shaped. When the grounding contact pin 3 is fully received in the second recess 12, its free end falls precisely into this receiving groove 232, thus achieving a collision-free and flush installation. Specifically, the depth of the receiving groove 232 can be greater than the thickness of the end of the grounding contact pin 3, so that a gap is created between the two. Furthermore, an elastic damping element can be provided on the inner wall of the receiving groove 232 to reduce the impact noise during storage. As shown in Figs. 3 and 5, a stop surface 2321 is also provided in the receiving groove 232. When the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is in the stowed position, the stop surface 2321 runs parallel to or coplanar with the bottom surface of the second recess 12. When the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is rotated from the stowed position to the working position, the stop surface 2321 presses against the end of the grounding contact pin 3 and pivots the grounding contact pin 3 in a direction away from the housing 1. In the present embodiment, a common unfolding function of the grounding contact pin 3 is achieved by means of the stop surface 2321. When the user rotates the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 to unfold it outwards from its stowed position, the stop surface 2321 on the connecting element 23 actively presses against the end of the grounding contact pin 3 that was originally stowed in the receiving groove 232, forcing the grounding contact pin 3 to also pivot outwards synchronously. In this way, the user can unfold the grounding contact pin 3 simultaneously by simply actuating the electrode contact pin mechanism 2, without having to actuate the two contact pin groups individually, thus significantly increasing ease of use. Specifically, in the stowed state, the stop surface 2321 is coplanar to or parallel with the bottom surface of the second recess 12, ensuring that the end of the grounding contact pin 3 rests evenly in the receiving groove 232. When the user levers the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 upwards using the grip recess 2331 (see the following embodiments), the connecting element 23 rotates about the first pivot pin 231. This causes a side wall of the receiving groove 232 (i.e., the stop surface 2321) to lift upwards and push the end of the grounding contact pin 3, which is in contact with it, upwards. Since the grounding contact pin 3 rotates about its own second pivot pin 31, the main body of the contact pin folds outwards when its end is lifted. In other embodiments, the stop surface 2321 can also be replaced by a curved surface or a structure provided with projections, as long as effective pressure on the end of the grounding contact pin 3 is ensured. The timing of the coupling can be controlled by adjusting the initial gap between the stop surface 2321 and the end of the grounding contact pin 3. In some further embodiments of the connecting element 23, as shown in Fig. 5, the structure of the connecting element 23 in the present embodiment is further specified. The connecting element 23 has a first side surface 233 for attaching the positive pole contact pin 21 and the negative pole contact pin 22, wherein a grip recess 2331 for lifting the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is provided on the first side surface 233. The arrangement of the grip recess 2331 on the first side surface 233 of the connecting element 23 provides the user with a convenient point of leverage for applying force. Since the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is fully recessed into the first recess 11 in its stowed state and is flush with the surface of the housing 1, it is difficult for the user to pry it out directly with their fingers. The grip recess 2331 cleverly solves this problem: The user can grasp this recess with their fingernail or fingertip and effortlessly rotate the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 from the stowed position to the working position. Specifically, the first side surface 233 is the surface on the connecting element 23 that faces the outside of the housing 1 and runs essentially parallel to the plate surfaces of the positive terminal contact pin 21 and the negative terminal contact pin 22. The grip recess 2331 can be an elongated through-groove extending through the first side surface 233 or a partial blind groove. Its shape can be semicircular, rectangular, or trapezoidal, with the edges preferably being rounded to improve tactile feedback. The grip recess 2331 is positioned close to the edge of the connecting element 23 to utilize the lever principle and make lifting less strenuous. In other embodiments, the grip recess 2331 can be replaced by a protruding actuating cam, or an inclined surface can be provided on the edge of the connecting element 23, as long as this makes it easier for the user to apply a rotational force. In some embodiments of the electrical connection and positioning structure of the electrode contact pin mechanism 2, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, first pivot pins 231 are provided at both ends of the connecting element 23, wherein the first pivot pins 231 are rotatably joined to the housing 1. The connecting element 23 has a second side surface 234 and a third side surface 235 adjoining the second side surface 234. Inside the housing 1, two contact springs 4 are provided, wherein the ends of the two contact springs 4 project into the first recess 11 and bear against the connecting element 23.When the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is in the stowed position, the two contact springs 4 rest against the second side surface 234; when the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is in the working position, the two contact springs 4 rest against the third side surface 235 and are each electrically connected to the positive pole contact pin 21 and the negative pole contact pin 22. The contact springs 4 are part of the aforementioned electrically conductive assembly. In the present embodiment, the provision of the second side surface 234 (insulating surface) and the third side surface 235 (conductive surface) on the connecting element 23, in combination with the elastic mounting of the contact springs 4, enables control of the circuit between closing and opening. When the contact pins are retracted, the contact springs 4 rest against the insulating second side surface 234 and are separated from the positive and negative terminal contact pins, thus ensuring that the internal circuit of the charger is de-energized, which increases safety. When the contact pins are extended, the contact springs 4 automatically slide to the conductive third side surface 235 and establish an electrical connection with the positive terminal contact pin 21 and the negative terminal contact pin 22, thereby closing the circuit.This design integrates the mechanical rotary motion with the electrical switching function and is cleverly engineered. Specifically, the contact spring 4 is a metal plate with good elasticity and conductivity (e.g., a copper or aluminum plate), one end of which is fixed to the circuit board inside the housing 1, while the other end is a free end that, after being bent, projects into the first recess 11. The second side surface 234 can be a smooth, non-conductive plastic surface on the connecting element 23. The third side surface 235 can be a metal plate embedded in the connecting element 23 or a conductive layer formed by local electroplating of the surface of the connecting element 23, which is electrically connected to the root region of the positive terminal contact pin 21 and the negative terminal contact pin 22. When the connecting element 23 is rotated, the end of the contact spring 4 always remains in elastic contact with the surface of the connecting element 23.The first pivot pin 231 can be a metal pin interacting with the contact spring 4 or can be provided independently. In other embodiments, the contact between the contact spring 4 and the connecting element 23 can be configured as a point contact or a line contact. The second side surface 234 and the third side surface 235 can also be different angular regions on the same arc surface, with the contact spring 4 being switched between the different regions by rotation. In a further embodiment of the contact spring 4, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a first detent recess 41 is provided at the end of the contact spring 4. A first contact area 2351 is provided on the third side surface 235. When the electrode contact pin mechanism 2 is in the working position, the first contact area 2351 engages in the first detent recess 41. The interaction of the first contact area 2351 with the first detent recess 41 provides, on the one hand, a distinct "click" haptic feedback when the contact pin reaches its end position, so that the user can clearly see that the contact pin has reached the exact working position; on the other hand, the interlocking of the projection and recess forms a stable mechanical lock as well as a larger electrical contact area, thus preventing unintentional reversal of the contact pin due to vibrations or gravity and ensuring the reliability and safety of the charging process. Specifically, the first detent recess 41 is designed as a spherical or trough-shaped depression and is located on the contact surface at the end of the contact spring 4. The first contact area 2351 is a spherical or arcuate projection adapted to the shape of the depression and is located on the third side surface 235 of the connecting element 23. When the contact pin is rotated into the working position, the first contact area 2351 slides into the first detent recess 41, with the holding force being provided by the intrinsic spring force of the contact spring 4. In other embodiments, the positioning structure can also be configured in reverse, i.e., a projection is provided on the contact spring 4 and a recess on the connecting element 23. The number of first detent recesses 41 and the first contact areas 2351 can each be multiple to provide multi-stage detent functionality. In some embodiments of the grounding contact pin 3, as shown in Figs. 3 and 7, a second pivot pin 31 is provided at the end of the grounding contact pin 3 connected to the housing 1. The second pivot pin 31 is rotatably joined to the housing 1 and is flattened. A second bearing bore 13 for installing the second pivot pin 31 is provided on the side wall of the second recess 12. The cross-sectional shape of the second bearing bore 13 is sector-shaped to limit the pivoting movement of the grounding contact pin 3 between the stowed position and the working position. The second bearing bore 13 has two radial side surfaces and one circumferential side surface. The angle enclosed by the two radial side surfaces can assume any value in the range of 90 degrees ± 5 degrees. When the second pivot pin 31 is rotated into the stowed position or...The working position rests against one of the two radial side surfaces, so that the grounding contact pin can be precisely limited between the working position and the stow position when swiveling. At the end of the second pivot pin 31, a second contact area 311 is provided, wherein a first detent surface 3111 and an adjacent second detent surface 3112 are provided on the second contact area 311, which serve, respectively, to position the working position and the stowed position. Inside the housing 1, a grounding contact spring 5 is provided, the end of which extends onto the surface of the second contact area 311 and rests against the surface of the second contact area 311. When the grounding contact pin 3 is in the working position, the grounding contact spring 5 rests against the first detent surface 3111 and is electrically connected to the grounding contact pin 3; when the grounding contact pin 3 is in the stowed position, the grounding contact spring 5 rests against the second detent surface 3112 and is electrically connected to the grounding contact pin 3. The grounding contact spring 5 is a component of the aforementioned electrically conductive assembly. In the present embodiment, the provision of two different locking surfaces (first locking surface 3111 and second locking surface 3112) on the second pivot pin 31 of the grounding contact pin 3, in combination with the elastic contact of the grounding contact spring 5, achieves positioning in two stable states. Regardless of whether the contact pin is extended or retracted, the grounding contact spring 5 is always in contact with the second contact area 311, thereby maintaining an electrical connection with the main body of the grounding contact pin 3 via the second contact area 311. This ensures the continuity of the grounding protection and increases electrical safety. Specifically, the second pivot pin 31 is a metal part that is integrally formed with or rigidly connected to the grounding contact pin 3 to ensure conductivity. The first detent surface 3111 and the second detent surface 3112 are two planes arranged circumferentially around the second pivot pin 31 at a specific angle to each other, with a transition between them via a circular arc or an inclined surface. The grounding contact spring 5 is an elastic metal plate whose end is biased against the surface of the second pivot pin 31. When the grounding contact pin 3 is rotated, the second pivot pin 31 rotates accordingly, with the end of the grounding contact spring 5 sliding from the first detent surface 3111 across the transition surface and finally resting against the second detent surface 3112.Since the two planes have different distances to the center of the pivot pin, different elastic contact forces are created, resulting in a ratchet haptic. As shown in Fig. 4, a second detent recess 51 is also provided at the end of the grounding contact spring 5, wherein the second detent recess 51 has a recess bottom surface and a recess side surface adjacent to the recess bottom surface. When the grounding contact pin 3 is in the working position, the recess bottom surface rests against the first detent surface 3111; when the grounding contact pin 3 is in the stowed position, the recess bottom surface rests against the second detent surface 3112, and the recess side surface rests against the first detent surface 3111. In the present embodiment, the special shape of the second detent recess 51 enables more precise two-sided positioning. In the working position, the flat contact between the recess bottom surface and the first detent surface 3111 provides a stable electrical connection. In the stowed position, in addition to the contact between the recess bottom surface and the second detent surface 3112, the recess side surface also rests against the first detent surface 3111, thus forming a bidirectional boundary with surface contact in two directions. This completely restricts the rotational freedom of the second pivot pin 31 in the stowed position, prevents unintentional loosening and ejection of the grounding contact pin 3, and further increases the stability of the stowed position. Specifically, the second locking recess 51 is a recess with a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section. The recess base is a plane intended for primary contact with the first locking surface 3111 or the second locking surface 3112. The recess side surface is a plane substantially perpendicular to the recess base. When the grounding contact pin 3 is rotated into the stowed position, the first locking surface 3111 rotates precisely into a position opposite the recess side surface and engages with it, thus forming a locking mechanism. In other embodiments, the recess side surface can be an inclined surface or an arcuate surface, as long as it can form an interference fit with the first detent surface 3111. The second detent recess 51 can also be V-shaped, with the two inclined surfaces of the V simultaneously in contact with the first detent surface 3111 and the second detent surface 3112 to achieve a self-centering function. With regard to the housing 1, this can specifically comprise two parts, as shown in Fig. 5, namely a main housing and a back plate. The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model; all non-substantial modifications and replacements made by the person skilled in the art on the basis of the present utility model fall within the claimed scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

Charger, characterized in that it comprises a housing, a contact pin assembly and an electrically conductive assembly, wherein a first recess and a second recess are provided on the surface of the housing, wherein the first recess is U-shaped and the second recess is arranged within the U-shaped area of ​​the first recess;wherein the contact pin assembly comprises an electrode contact pin mechanism and an earthing contact pin, wherein the electrode contact pin mechanism is rotatably arranged in the first recess and can be rotated into a storage position received in the first recess as well as into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing for insertion into a socket, wherein the earthing contact pin is rotatably arranged in the second recess and can be rotated into a storage position received in the second recess as well as into a working position projecting beyond the surface of the housing for insertion into a socket; wherein the electrically conductive assembly is arranged inside the housing and is electrically connected to the electrode contact pin mechanism and the earthing contact pin. Charger according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode contact pin mechanism comprises a positive pole contact pin, a negative pole contact pin and a connecting element, wherein the positive pole contact pin and the negative pole contact pin are arranged side by side and are each attached to the two ends of the connecting element, and wherein the connecting element is rotatably mounted in the middle section of the first recess by means of a first pivot pin. Charger according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the second recess facing the middle section is in contact with the middle section. Charger according to claim 3, characterized in that a receiving groove is provided in the central area of ​​the connecting element, wherein the end of the grounding contact pin is received in the receiving groove when the grounding contact pin is in the stow position. Charger according to claim 4, characterized in that a stop surface is provided in the receiving groove; wherein the stop surface runs parallel to or coplanar with the bottom surface of the second recess when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the stow position; wherein when the electrode contact pin mechanism is rotated from the stow position to the working position, the stop surface presses against the end of the grounding contact pin and causes the grounding contact pin to pivot in a direction away from the housing. Charger according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting element has a first side surface for attaching the positive pole contact pin and the negative pole contact pin, wherein a grip recess for lifting the electrode contact pin mechanism is provided on the first side surface. Charger according to claim 2, characterized in that a first pivot pin is provided at each of the two ends of the connecting element, wherein the first pivot pin is rotatably joined to the housing, and wherein the connecting element has a second side surface and a third side surface adjoining the second side surface; wherein two contact springs are provided inside the housing, the ends of the two contact springs projecting into the first recess and bearing against the connecting element; wherein the two contact springs bear against the second side surface when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the stowed position, and wherein the two contact springs bear against the third side surface and are each electrically connected to the positive pole contact pin and the negative pole contact pin when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the working position. Charger according to claim 7, characterized in that a first detent recess is provided at the end of the contact spring; wherein a first contact area is provided on the third side surface; wherein the first contact area engages in the first detent recess when the electrode contact pin mechanism is in the working position. Charger according to claim 1, characterized in that a second pivot pin is provided at the end of the grounding contact pin connected to the housing, wherein the second pivot pin is flattened and rotatably joined to the housing; wherein a second bearing bore for installing the second pivot pin is provided in the side wall of the second recess, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the second bearing bore is circular sector-shaped in order to limit the pivoting movement of the grounding contact pin between the storage position and the working position. Charger according to claim 9, characterized in that a second contact area is provided at the end of the second pivot pin, wherein a first detent surface and a second detent surface adjacent thereto are provided on the second contact area, each serving to position the working position and the storage position; wherein an earthing contact spring is provided inside the housing, the end of the earthing contact spring extending onto the surface of the second contact area and bearing against the surface of the second contact area; wherein the earthing contact spring bears against the first detent surface and is electrically connected to the earthing contact pin when the earthing contact pin is in the working position; and wherein the earthing contact spring bears against the second detent surface and is electrically connected to the earthing contact pin when the earthing contact pin is in the storage position.

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