FIRE TRAINING FACILITY

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fire training system with a fire chamber, a fire unit arranged in the fire chamber, which can be connected to a gas supply unit and has a first outlet for gaseous gas from the gas supply unit.

[0002] Such fire training systems are well-known and are used to simulate a fire. When such a fire is simulated using the fire training system, firefighters can practice extinguishing it. This allows firefighters to repeatedly try out different techniques and internalize the one that works best for them.

[0003] The fire chamber serves to define a space in which a fire is to be simulated. For this purpose, the fire chamber can be enclosed by several walls. A container, for example, can be used for the fire chamber. Other designs with at least essentially fireproof walls can be used alternatively.

[0004] In order to repeatedly cause comparable fires in the fire chamber, which lead to comparable training situations for firefighters, it has proven advantageous to arrange a fire unit in the fire chamber. This fire unit is designed as a gas fire unit. For this purpose, it has an outlet for gaseous gas. The first outlet can be formed by a pipe with one or more openings. To simulate a fire, the gas flowing out of the first outlet is ignited, whereupon a fire starts in the fire chamber. A similar fire can therefore be caused again even after a flame has been extinguished, resulting in similar fire situations. In order to allow gas to flow from the outlet for gaseous gas, which is referred to as the first outlet in the context of this invention, the fire unit can be connected to a gas supply unit.Once this has been done, gaseous gas originating from the gas supply unit can flow from the first outlet. The gas supply unit can be a stationary gas supply unit or a mobile gas supply unit. A stationary gas supply unit can, for example, be a connection to a gas network that is arranged in a stationary manner. A mobile gas supply unit can, for example, be a gas container in which the gas to be supplied is stored.

[0005] Although the use of gaseous gas for a fire unit and to simulate a corresponding fire is generally suitable, not all real-life fires can be simulated with such a fire unit in the fire chamber. In particular, such a fire training system is not suitable for simulating a so-called "flashover," i.e., a situation in which the flame of the fire suddenly expands. Therefore, it would be desirable to use liquid gas instead of the gaseous gas, which flows out of the first outlet, to simulate a fire, since liquid gas has a higher energy density. Therefore, larger flames could be simulated with liquid gas.In practice, however, it has been found that handling liquid gas with a known fire unit can lead to the liquid gas accumulating at the bottom of the fire chamber, which can then lead to uncontrolled combustion of the accumulating gas. This constitutes an accidental and generally uncontrollable fire situation. Such a fire situation must be avoided at all costs.

[0006] WO 92 / 21118 A1 describes a fire training system (multi-compartmented firefighter trainer) with several fire chambers (compartments or chambers 12, 14, 16, and 18). A fire unit (main burner assembly 38 with main gas burner units 38) with igniters 62 is supplied with fuel from a tank 36. To simulate a flashover, another fire unit (flashover burner 41) with two elongated cylindrical burner units (burners 41a, 41b), each with a spark igniter 61, is capable of generating a flame on the ceiling. A sensor (spark sensor 65) monitors the igniter 61. A sensor (ignitor sensor 66) monitors the igniter 62 for the fire unit 38. The extinguishing agent used by the practicing firefighters is collected in a receptacle (funnel 48).

[0007] Another fire training system is disclosed in EP 1 905 486 A1.

[0008] The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fire training system with which different fires and in particular a "flashover" can be simulated by means of a fire unit in a fire chamber, wherein gas is banished by means of the fire unit and wherein the fire training system offers a high level of safety.

[0009] The above-mentioned object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Thus, a fire training system is provided with a fire chamber, a fire unit arranged in the fire chamber, which fire unit can be connected to a gas supply unit and has a first outlet for gaseous gas from the gas supply unit, wherein the fire unit has a second outlet for liquid gas and the fire chamber has at least one opening in a bottom wall of the fire chamber within a predetermined radius around the fire unit.

[0010] The invention is based on the idea that liquid gas has a higher density than air and / or gaseous gas. The second outlet therefore differs from the first outlet. The second outlet can have a pipe section with at least one opening, preferably several openings. If liquid gas escapes from the second outlet and is not burned but sinks into the floor area of ​​the fire chamber, the fire chamber according to the invention offers a path through which the liquid gas can flow out of the fire chamber on its own thanks to the at least one opening. It is provided that the at least one opening is in the floor wall of the fire chamber. Furthermore, the at least one opening is arranged close to the second outlet since a predetermined radius around the fire unit indicates how far the at least one opening can be from the second outlet.This radius can be adapted to the practical application of the fire unit or fire training system and / or the gas used. However, the predetermined radius should not be chosen too large in order to keep the amount of unburned liquid gas as small or minimal as possible. The radius is preferably less than 5 meters, 3 meters, 2 meters, or 1 meter. If the unburned liquid gas escapes from the fire chamber through at least one opening, even if the liquid gas is subsequently ignited, there is only a minimal risk for the firefighters simulating fire extinguishing with the fire training system that the ignited gas will have an impact on the interior of the fire chamber, at least in terms of heat. This is because if the gas passes through the opening in the floor wall, it is usually carried away by natural wind. The training firefighters are therefore effectively protected from the aforementioned fire.

[0011] The openings in the floor wall of the fire chamber can be created by drilling. Gratings, in particular step gratings, have proven to be a particularly cost-effective design for the openings in the floor wall. In the area of ​​the gratings, the floor wall of the fire chamber is characterized at least substantially by struts arranged at an angle to one another, between which passage areas are formed, which then represent at least one opening in the floor wall. Thus, it can also be said that a certain area of ​​the floor wall, in particular in the area of ​​the certain radius around the fire unit, is characterized by spaced-apart webs that form a plurality of openings. The cross-sectional area of ​​the openings can therefore be many times larger than the material portions of the floor wall that form between the openings, in particular the webs of a grating.

[0012] A preferred embodiment of the fire training facility is characterized in that at least one opening in the floor wall of the fire chamber leads to an area outside the fire chamber. This is preferably the case when the floor wall of the fire chamber is spaced, at least in the area of ​​the openings, from the floor on which the fire chamber stands. Alternatively or additionally, the openings in the floor wall can be designed as channel-like openings to then lead to an area belonging to the surroundings of the fire chamber.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment of the fire training facility is characterized in that leg elements projecting beyond the underside of the fire chamber are provided on the outside. The leg elements ensure that the underside of the fire chamber is spaced apart from a floor on which the band chamber with the leg elements stands. The leg elements therefore serve to transfer the weight of the fire chamber to the aforementioned floor. The leg elements ensure in a particularly simple manner that liquid gas flowing out through the opening in a floor wall of the fire chamber reaches an area surrounding the fire chamber. Because the leg elements keep the fire chamber at a distance from the floor, the escaping liquid gas can disperse particularly easily and quickly.Furthermore, the liquid gas released into the environment can be easily captured by natural wind and / or an artificially created wind current and carried away from the fire chamber. The leg elements are preferably attached to the underside of the fire chamber with a force-fit and / or material fit. This ensures high stability. Furthermore, such leg elements are particularly simple and cost-effective to manufacture. If the fire chamber is made of metal, the leg elements can be attached to the underside of the fire chamber by means of a welded joint.

[0014] A further preferred embodiment of the fire training system is characterized in that it comprises an opening in a side wall of the fire chamber, a door assigned to the fire chamber for opening or closing the opening, and a sensor for monitoring the door or opening. In practice, it has been found that unburned, liquid gas escaping from the second outlet of the fire unit flows particularly quickly through the opening in the bottom wall of the fire chamber if the fire chamber has at least one other, unsealed opening. In this case, the flow resistance for the liquid gas is particularly low. In order to ensure that the unburned, liquid gas can flow out of the fire chamber through the opening in the bottom wall with the aforementioned reduced flow resistance, the sensor can be used to monitor whether the opening in the side wall of the fire chamber is open.The opening itself and / or a door used to open or close the opening can be monitored. Both alternatives can generate the information necessary to determine whether the opening is open or closed.

[0015] The fire training system according to the invention is characterized in that the fire unit has a sensor for fire monitoring at the first outlet. The first outlet of the fire unit is used to discharge gaseous gas. During operation, this gaseous gas is ignited to initially simulate a fire situation. The gaseous gas flowing from the first outlet ignites a pilot flame. This pilot flame remains constant regardless of any liquid gas flowing from the second outlet of the fire unit, because the pilot flame ignites the escaping liquid gas. In other words, the pilot flame also serves as an ignition flame for the liquid gas flowing from the second outlet. This offers a particularly high level of reliability for the ignition of the liquid gas.To ensure that the liquid gas does not flow unburned into the interior of the fire chamber, the pilot flame can be monitored using the fire monitoring sensor at the first outlet. The sensor is preferably arranged near the first outlet. The sensor can, for example, have or be a temperature sensor. Other sensors suitable for fire monitoring can also be provided. If the fire monitoring sensor monitors the pilot flame, it can be ensured that escaping liquid gas is ignited. To monitor the pilot flame, for example, the temperature can be monitored. The temperature of the pilot flame can be compared with an associated minimum limit temperature.If the first outlet for the gaseous gas is not a single point, but is formed, for example, by multiple openings in a pipe section, other sensor configurations for fire monitoring can also be provided. In this sense, the fire monitoring sensor can be formed by multiple sensor elements arranged at a distance from one another on the aforementioned pipe with the multiple openings. In particular, the sensor elements can be spaced apart from the aforementioned pipe to avoid exposure to excessively high temperatures.

[0016] The fire training system according to the invention is characterized in that the sensor is designed to monitor a fire at the first and second outlets. The first outlet for gaseous gas and the second outlet for liquid gas are assigned to the fire unit. In practice, it has proven effective if the two outlets are arranged so close to one another that a flame generated upon ignition of the gaseous gas from the first outlet reaches at least as far as the second outlet. Other configurations are also conceivable in which the flames generated upon combustion of gas from the first outlet and / or the second outlet have an overlapping area.It has therefore proven advantageous in practice to use the same sensor, in particular with the same sensor elements, to monitor a flame caused by the gaseous gas from the first outlet as well as a flame caused by the liquid gas from the second outlet. This allows the number of sensors for monitoring a fire at the first outlet and the second outlet to be kept very low. In particular, a sensor for fire monitoring with two sensor elements has proven advantageous in practice. The two sensor elements can be attached to opposite ends of the fire unit and / or the two outlets, so that it can be assumed that the flames to be generated by the fire unit can be monitored.

[0017] A further advantageous embodiment of the fire training system is characterized in that the fire training system has a control unit for controlling and / or monitoring the fire unit. For this purpose, valves can be assigned to the fire unit, for example, with which a gas flow or gas stream to the first outlet and / or second outlet can be adjusted. At least one shut-off valve and / or at least one throttle valve can be provided for each outlet. At least one of the valves assigned to the respective outlet can be controlled by the control unit. Alternatively or additionally, the control unit can be designed to monitor the fire unit. For this purpose, a communication connection can be provided between the at least one fire monitoring sensor and the control unit. Thus, the information from the sensor regarding the respective flame to be monitored can be transmitted to the control unit.This can evaluate the information. Depending on the evaluation results, the control unit can, for example, control the valves of the fire unit. For example, the control unit first opens the valve to the first outlet to generate a pilot flame. If the pilot flame is detected by the fire monitoring sensor, a valve to the second outlet can then be opened to allow the liquid gas to flow out through the second outlet, creating a so-called "flashover." This is a flame with a very wide spread. Furthermore, the control unit can be connected to an operating unit. This operating unit is used to control the states of the fire unit, and in particular to control the valves.In this case, the control unit can be configured to implement the desired commands, which can be generated by a person using the control unit, only if certain conditions are met. For example, opening a valve to discharge liquid gas from the second outlet is only possible if a pilot flame has been detected at the first outlet by the fire monitoring sensor.

[0018] A further preferred embodiment of the fire training system is characterized in that the second outlet is arranged above the first outlet. If a flame is ignited by the gaseous gas flowing out of the first outlet, this flame extends upwards. The flame then strikes the second outlet. The second outlet is preferably arranged above the first outlet in such a way that a flame created when gaseous gas from the first outlet burns reaches at least as far as the second outlet and / or extends beyond it. This creates a pilot flame that immediately ignites liquid gas for combustion when it escapes from the second outlet. The liquid gas is therefore reliably ignited when it escapes from the second outlet. A fire training system with the arrangement of the two outlets explained above is therefore particularly safe.

[0019] A further advantageous embodiment of the fire training system is characterized in that a gas sensor is provided on and / or below the floor wall of the fire chamber. The gas sensor can be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the opening in the floor wall. If the gas sensor is arranged below the floor wall, the gas sensor can, however, be attached to the fire chamber, in particular to the associated floor wall. The gas sensor can be used to ensure the monitoring of a fire that occurs when liquid gas burns when escaping from the second outlet. As previously explained, at least one fire monitoring sensor is assigned to the fire unit in order to monitor safe combustion of the escaping gas at the first outlet and / or second outlet.Should this monitoring fail, for example due to a defect, and unburned liquid gas flows through the opening in the bottom wall of the combustion chamber, this liquid gas will be detected by the gas sensor on and / or below the bottom wall. The gas sensor is therefore preferably designed to detect liquid gas and / or the corresponding gas type. If the sensor detects a minimum concentration of the liquid gas, which may have passed into the gaseous phase, this information can be used for monitoring. If no gas is measured even though liquid gas is flowing from the second outlet, the liquid gas is being burned. Otherwise, a malfunction has occurred. If the malfunction is detected, precautionary measures can be initiated. For example, a valve can be closed to stop the flow of liquid gas to the second outlet.

[0020] A further advantageous embodiment of the fire training system is characterized by the establishment of a communication link between the control unit and the gas sensor. The information from the gas sensor is thus transmitted to the control unit. The control unit can then compare the detected gas value with a gas threshold. If the measured gas value exceeds the gas threshold, follow-up measures can be initiated. This can, for example, be the determination of the malfunction, as explained in the previous section. Alternatively or additionally, valves can be closed, in particular the valve designed to open and / or close a gas flow to the second outlet.The control unit can therefore use the available information from the gas sensor and / or the fire monitoring system of the fire unit to generate control signals that stop any further gas flow from the first outlet and / or the second outlet. This is particularly the case if escaping gas from the first outlet and / or the second outlet does not produce a corresponding flame that is directly or indirectly detectable by at least one of the aforementioned sensors.

[0021] A further advantageous embodiment of the fire training system is characterized in that the fire training system has at least one gas monitoring unit, which is / are arranged outside the fire chamber in an environment with a maximum radius of 15 meters, in particular between 1 meter and 25 meters, from the at least one opening in the floor wall of the fire chamber. The previously discussed gas sensor on and / or below the floor wall of the fire chamber as well as the fire monitoring sensor at the first or second outlet are arranged in close proximity to the fire, which can be caused by the escaping gaseous or liquid gas. Although the fire monitoring sensor and / or the aforementioned gas sensor can be heat-resistant, the proximity to the aforementioned fire entails a residual risk, which increases the danger of a defect in the aforementioned sensors.By placing a gas monitoring unit at a greater distance from the fire chamber, namely a maximum of 5 meters, 10 meters, 15 meters, or 25 meters, the gas monitoring unit is exposed to significantly less heat and any liquid gas escaping through the opening in the floor wall of the fire chamber can be detected promptly and at a readily measurable concentration. Particularly preferably, the gas monitoring unit is arranged within a radius of the fire chamber of between 1.5 meters and 15 meters, particularly preferably between 2 meters and 10 meters. Thus, the gas monitoring unit also has a minimum distance from the fire chamber in order to keep the heat exposure to the gas monitoring unit as low as possible. The gas monitoring unit can comprise at least one gas measuring device. Particularly preferably, multiple gas measuring devices are provided for the gas monitoring unit.These gas measuring devices can be arranged at a distance from one another around the fire chamber. In particular, the multiple gas measuring devices of the gas measuring unit are arranged in a star shape relative to the fire chamber. With such a configuration, a liquid gas escaping through the opening in the floor wall of the fire chamber can be detected particularly quickly and reliably. This is because, regardless of the wind direction by which the escaping liquid gas is transported away from the fire chamber, the gas strikes one of the gas measuring devices. The evaluation of the information generated by the gas measuring devices about the measured gas can be carried out analogously to the previous configuration with the gas sensor on and / or below the floor wall of the fire chamber. Therefore, reference is made analogously to the corresponding explanations.If multiple gas measuring devices are provided for the gas monitoring unit, these can form a communication network to exchange information with each other and / or with the control unit. In particular, the information network can be configured to forward data and / or alarm messages to the control unit.

[0022] A further advantageous embodiment of the fire training system is characterized by the fact that a communication link is established between the control unit and the gas monitoring unit. Thus, information from the gas monitoring unit, in particular from at least one gas measuring device of the gas monitoring unit, can be transmitted to the control unit. The control unit can evaluate the corresponding information and initiate follow-up actions. The follow-up actions can, for example, be the closing of at least one valve to stop the gas flow to the first outlet and / or second outlet.

[0023] A further advantageous design of the fire training system is characterized by the fact that the fire unit is attached to the inside of a side wall of the fire chamber. A flame created when the gaseous and / or liquid gas ignites upon exiting the respective outlet can then spread over a particularly large volume. This allows different fire situations to be simulated. Furthermore, the arrangement of the fire unit on the inner side wall of the fire chamber offers the advantage that liquid gas flowing from the second outlet catches fire before reaching the opening in the floor wall of the fire chamber. This increases the passive safety of the fire training system. Figures

[0024] The invention is described below, without limiting the general inventive concept, using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the fire training facility, Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a fire chamber with a view from above into the associated interior, Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the fire chamber in a partial section, and Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the fire unit.

[0025] From the Figure 1The fire training facility 2 can be seen schematically. The fire training facility comprises a fire chamber 4. The fire chamber 4 has a metal container. Doors are attached to the front sides to open the container. In addition, an opening 20 is provided on a side wall 22, which can be closed or opened by means of two doors 24 arranged one above the other. A further opening of the fire chamber 4 is provided in a roof wall, with a chimney 40 adjoining the opening. In the longitudinal direction, however, the fire chamber 4 is not designed to be continuous. Rather, a transverse wall 42 is provided, as can also be seen in the Figure 2can be seen, the transverse wall 42 divides the interior of the container into two rooms. One of the two rooms, preferably the smaller one, forms the technical room 44, in which the control unit 30 of the fire training system 2 is arranged. The other room then at least partially forms the fire chamber 4. Fires are simulated in the fire chamber 4 in order to offer firefighters the opportunity to practice appropriate countermeasures and extinguish the respective fire. In order to simulate a fire, a fire unit 6 is arranged in the interior of the fire chamber 4. The fire unit 6 is preferably fastened to the transverse wall 42. In order to supply the fire unit 6 with combustible gas, the fire chamber 4 or the fire unit 6 can be connected to a gas supply unit 8. For this purpose, appropriate pipe connections can be provided which are suitable for transporting gas from the gas supply unit 8 to the fire unit 6.If the fire unit 6 is now connected to the gas supply unit 8, for example a gas storage unit, it can flow from a first outlet 10, such as the one shown for example in . Figure 4can be seen, gas can flow. The first outlet 10 is designed to allow gaseous gas to flow out. The gas originates from the gas supply unit 8. The first outlet 10 can be formed by a pipe element 46 with a plurality of openings 48. Other designs of the first outlet 10 are also possible which are suitable for allowing gaseous gas to flow out. In order to achieve a fire by means of the flowing out gaseous gas, the gaseous gas is ignited. For this purpose, a corresponding ignition device (not shown) can be provided. The ignited gas causes a corresponding flame with which different fires can be simulated, in particular depending on the pressure with which the gaseous gas flows out of the first outlet 10 and / or the number of openings 48 that are assigned to the first outlet 10.Gaseous gas has an energy density suitable for simulating a certain number of fire situations. However, gaseous gas is generally not suitable for simulating a so-called "flashover." Therefore, the fire unit 6 according to the invention of the fire training system 2 has a second outlet 12 for liquid gas. Analogous to the design of the first outlet 10, the second outlet 12 can be configured as a tubular element 50 with a plurality of openings 52. In order to allow liquid gas to flow out via the second outlet 12, the fire unit 6 is connected to the gas supply unit 8, which is preferably designed to also provide liquid gas. Alternatively, instead of a common gas supply unit for liquid gas and for gaseous gas, different gas supply units can be provided for each of the two gas types.Furthermore, it is preferred that the second outlet be specifically designed for the discharge of liquid gas. This applies in particular to the associated openings 52.

[0026] To simulate a "flashover" using the fire training system 2, gaseous gas flowing from the first outlet 10 is first ignited. A corresponding flame is also referred to as a pilot flame, as it is suitable for igniting liquid gas flowing from the second outlet 12 of the fire unit 6. If the liquid gas, which has a significantly higher energy density than the gaseous gas, ignites, a significantly larger flame is created, forming the previously explained "flashover." The pressure and / or volume flow of liquid gas exiting the second outlet 12 can be used to determine the size of the resulting flame and / or the range of the "flashover."

[0027] As from the Figure 4As can be seen, a controllable valve 56 is provided in the supply line 54 for gaseous gas in order to control a volume flow of gaseous gas to the first outlet 10. The valve 56 can be controlled by the control unit 30. The valve 56 can allow, stop and / or throttle a volume flow of gaseous gas. Analogous to the supply line 54 and the valve 56, a supply line 58 for liquid gas to the second outlet 12 and a controllable valve 60 for the supply line 58 are provided for the second outlet 12. With the valve 60, a volume flow of liquid gas to the second outlet 12 can be blocked, released and / or throttled. For this purpose, the controllable valve 60 can be controlled by means of the control unit 30. The controllability of the volume flows for gaseous gas and liquid gas allows different fire situations to be simulated.

[0028] Due to the high energy density of the liquid gas, the fire unit 6 poses a greater risk. Therefore, it is provided according to the invention and Figure 2 It can be seen that the fire chamber 4 has at least one opening 14 in a floor wall 16 of the fire chamber 4 within a predetermined radius R1 of a maximum of 1.5 meters around the fire unit 6. In other words, an opening 14 is provided in the floor wall 16 of the fire chamber 4 in the immediate vicinity of the fire unit 6. The floor wall 16 of the fire chamber 4 is therefore not closed. Rather, the floor wall 16 of the fire chamber 4 is open in the vicinity of the fire unit 6. Should liquid gas flow out of the second outlet 12, which does not immediately catch fire but sinks to the floor due to its higher density than the ambient air, the liquid gas can leave the fire chamber 4 through the openings 14 in the floor wall 16. As can be seen from Figure 3As can be seen, the bottom wall 16 of the fire chamber 4 is spaced from the ground, in particular the earth, on which the fire chamber 4 stands. This creates a transverse channel on the underside of the fire chamber 4 in the area of ​​the opening 14 in the bottom wall 16, which channel is connected to the outside with the environment. This allows wind or an artificially generated air current to flow through the channel under the fire chamber 4, carrying along the liquid gas escaping through the openings 14. The liquid gas is thereby removed from the danger area near the fire chamber 4, so that the risk of uncontrolled ignition is quickly reduced. The openings 14 in the bottom wall 16 of the fire chamber 4 therefore significantly increase the passive safety of the fire training facility 2 with a fire unit 6 having an outlet for liquid gas.

[0029] In addition, to increase safety, active monitoring of the fire unit 6 is provided. For this purpose, a fire sensor 28 can be provided, as shown in the Figure 4This fire sensor 28 is preferably designed as a temperature sensor and / or as an optical flame sensor. The fire sensor 28 is connected to the control unit 30 via a communication link. The control unit 30 can be configured to evaluate the sensor signals of the fire sensor 28 in order to detect whether a fire occurs when gaseous gas flows out of the first outlet 10. If this is not the case, the gas flow can be interrupted by means of the valve 56. Furthermore, the fire sensor 28 can also be configured to detect a "flashover," since in this case a significantly larger flame with a correspondingly higher temperature is created.Therefore, if liquid gas flows out of the second outlet 12 without a significant temperature increase and / or a correspondingly larger flame being detected by the fire sensor 28 and the control unit 30, this may indicate that the liquid gas is escaping from the second outlet 12 without subsequent combustion occurring. In this case, the control unit 30 closes the valve 60 to prevent further escape of liquid gas and / or uncontrolled ignition of the liquid gas.

[0030] It was previously explained that the fire training system 2 has both improved passive safety through the openings 14 in the floor wall 16 and improved active safety through the fire sensor 28 on the fire unit 6. Due to its close location to the fire that can be triggered by the fire unit 6, the fire sensor 28 is exposed to high thermal stress. To further improve the active safety of the fire training system 2, a gas sensor 32 is arranged beneath the floor wall 16 or on an outer side of the floor wall 16 of the fire chamber 4. Therefore, should liquid gas escape through the second outlet 12, with the escaping gas flowing unburned through the opening 14, the gas can be detected by the gas sensor 32. The gas sensor 32 is connected to the control unit 30 via a communication link.By detecting the liquid gas on the underside of the floor wall 16, it can therefore be concluded that unburned liquid gas is flowing into the fire chamber 4. The control unit 30 is therefore designed such that at least the valve 60 and preferably also the valve 56 are closed in response to this in order to stop any further gas flow to the first outlet 10 or second outlet 12. This then increases the active safety of the fire training system 2.

[0031] Oxygen is necessary to ignite gas to start a fire. If there is no oxygen in the fire chamber 4, the gas flowing from the first outlet 10 and / or the second outlet 12 cannot be ignited. To improve the passive safety of the fire training system 2, at least one sensor 26 is provided, which is designed to monitor a door 24 and / or an opening 20 in a side wall 22 of the fire chamber 4. The door 24 can be used to open or close the opening 20. Thus, the sensor 26 serves to monitor the door 24 and / or the opening or to determine whether oxygen from the environment can flow into the fire chamber 4 through the opening 20. If this is the case, the gas flowing from the outlets 10, 12 can be ignited. This improves the safety of the fire training system 2.

[0032] An expanded safety concept for the fire training facility 2 also provides for monitoring the environment around the fire chamber 4. A gas monitoring unit 36 ​​is therefore assigned to the fire training facility 2. The gas monitoring unit 36 ​​can monitor the environment for gas, in particular gaseous gas and / or liquid gas. For this purpose, the gas monitoring unit 36 ​​has several gas measuring devices 38. These gas measuring devices 38 can be arranged within a radius R2 of between 2 meters and 25 meters around the fire unit 6. The radius R2 is significantly larger than the previously explained radius R1, within which the openings 14 in the floor wall 16 are arranged. The gas measuring devices 38 therefore monitor a larger area for gas.Should liquid gas and / or gaseous gas escape through the opening 14 in the base wall 16, which is then distributed into the surrounding area by wind or another artificial volume flow of air, this is detected by the gas monitoring unit 36 ​​or the associated gas measuring devices 38. Corresponding information is transmitted to the control unit 30. For this purpose, the gas measuring devices 38 can be connected to the control unit 30 via appropriate communication lines and / or a radio link. The control unit 30 then closes the valves 56, 60 in the supply lines 54, 58 to the two outlets 10, 12. This prevents further gas escape and / or uncontrolled combustion of the gas. List of reference symbols

[0033] R1Radius R2Radius 2Fire training facility 4Fire chamber 6Fire unit 8Gas supply unit 10First outlet 12Second outlet 14Opening 16Floor wall 18Leg element 20Opening in side wall 22Side wall 24Door 26Sensor 28Fire sensor 30Control unit 32Gas sensor 36Gas monitoring unit 38Gas measuring device 40Chimney 42Cross wall 44Technical room 46Pipe element 48Opening 50Pipe element 52Opening 54Supply line 56Valve 58Supply line 60Valve

Claims

1. Fire training facility (2) comprising: a. a fire chamber (4) and b. a fire unit (6) arranged in the fire chamber (4), which fire unit: i. is connected to a gas supply unit (8) and ii. comprises a first outlet (10) for gaseous gas from the gas supply unit (8), wherein c. the fire unit (6) comprises a second outlet (12) for liquid gas from the gas supply unit (8) and d. the fire chamber (4) comprises, within a predetermined radius (R1) around the fire unit (6), at least one opening (14) in a base wall (16) of the fire chamber (4), wherein the gas supply unit (8) provides liquid gas and gaseous gas, wherein the fire training facility (2) is designed such that a pilot flame is ignited using the gaseous gas flowing out of the first outlet, the liquid gas flowing out is ignited using the pilot flame, and the pilot flame remains constant regardless of any liquid gas flowing out of the second outlet of the fire unit, wherein the fire unit (6) comprises a sensor (28) for monitoring fire at the first outlet (10), and wherein the sensor (28) is designed to monitor a fire at the first outlet (10) and the second outlet (12).

2. Fire training facility (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the at least one opening (14) in the base wall (16) of the fire chamber (4) leads to an environment outside the fire chamber.

3. Fire training facility (2) according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that leg elements (18) are provided on the outside projecting beyond the base wall (16) of the fire chamber (4).

4. Fire training facility (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by an opening (20) in a side wall (22) of the fire chamber (4), a door (24) associated with the fire chamber (4) for opening or closing the opening (20), and a sensor (26) for monitoring the door or opening (24).

5. Fire training facility (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fire training facility (2) comprises a control unit (30) for controlling and / or monitoring the fire unit (6).

6. Fire training facility (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second outlet (12) is arranged above the first outlet (10).

7. Fire training facility (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a gas sensor (32) is provided on and / or below the base wall (16) of the fire chamber (4).

8. Fire training facility (2) according to any of the preceding claims 4 to 7, characterized in that a communication connection is formed in each case between the control unit (30) and the at least one sensor (32).

9. Fire training facility (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fire training facility (2) comprises at least one gas monitoring unit (36) which is / are arranged outside the fire chamber (4) in an environment having a maximum radius (R2) of 15 meters to the at least one opening (14) of the base wall (16) of the fire chamber (4).

10. Fire training facility (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a communication connection is formed in each case between the control unit (30) and the at least one gas monitoring unit (36).

11. Fire training facility (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fire unit (6) is attached to the inside of a side wall (22) of the fire chamber (4).