SCREWING DEVICE WITH INTEGRATED DETECTION DEVICES

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a screwing device for applying a torque to a screwing partner with integrated detection means for an output torque.

[0002] Screwdriving devices with flat output gears are well known in the art, particularly in industrial screwdriving technology. These are gear units, usually housed in a flat housing, with a drive unit typically located at one end and an output unit located at the opposite end, to which a screwdriving partner, such as a screw to be subjected to torque, can be attached in a suitable and detachable manner. Such screwdriving devices are used particularly for screwdriving or assembly work where a screwdriving partner is difficult to reach due to spatial installation constraints.

[0003] For reasons of quality assurance or documentation purposes, it is desirable, particularly in industrial applications, to detect or monitor the output torque acting on the respective screw partner on the output side. A generic screw device is already known from WO 2018 / 188829 A1. This discloses detection means assigned to the offset output devices, which detect an axial force acting on a helical gear of the offset output device, whereby the output torque acting on the output side on a screw partner can be determined. However, for such a determination by evaluating the detected axial forces, additional axial bearings must be provided, which increases the structural complexity of the structural arrangement in the offset output devices. Likewise, the known detection means require additional installation space in the offset output devices.

[0004] GB 2 383 282 A discloses a torque transmission device comprising a hollow shaft with external teeth for connection to a bevel gear and a central shaft guided in the hollow shaft, wherein a flexible cantilever beam arranged between the central shaft and an end-side, cup-like section of the hollow shaft has torque sensors.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved screwing device based on the known prior art, which overcomes or at least significantly mitigates the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a screwing device with alternative means for determining and / or monitoring the torque acting on a screwing partner on the output side is to be provided, which simultaneously enables a cost-effective and compact design of the flat drive. Furthermore, reliable torque determination and / or monitoring is to be enabled. The invention also addresses further problems, which will become apparent in more detail from the following description.

[0006] The underlying problem is solved by the screwing device for applying a torque to a screw partner with the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

[0007] In a first aspect, the invention relates to a screwing device for applying a torque to a screw partner, comprising flat output means which have an output that can be detachably connected to the screw partner and a drive that can be manually or mechanically acted upon with a drive torque, in particular via an intermediate angular and / or bevel gearing, and detection means (5) provided in a housing of the flat output means for providing measured values for determining and / or monitoring an output torque acting on the screw partner on the output side, wherein the detection means are designed such that they can detect a bearing reaction force in the radial and / or tangential direction of a preferably straight-toothed gearwheel that connects the drive and the output of the flat output means in a torque-transmitting manner and can provide this for electronic signal evaluation,and that the detection means comprise a force transducer with integrated force sensor means which are designed to detect a compressive and / or tensile force applied to the force transducer in the radial and / or tangential direction, wherein the force transducer is arranged in a rotationally secure manner between a bearing axis of the gear and the housing of the flat output means, and wherein the integrated force sensor means are formed by strain gauges attached to the force transducer, which are preferably arranged on radially extending and opposite struts of the force transducer, or wherein the integrated force sensor means are formed by a graphene-containing polymer mass with variable electrical conductivity attached to or integrated with the force transducer.

[0008] The inventive design of the detection means, which are integrated in the housing of the offset output means and detect a radial force and / or tangential force or circumferential force of a gearwheel interacting with the detection means in the offset output means, provides a structurally simple solution for the reliable provision of measured values for determining and / or monitoring the output torque acting on a screw partner on the output side. In particular, the necessary installation space in the offset output means can be minimized compared to the known prior art. In addition, the inventive design of the screwing device enables cost-effective production and simplified maintenance. Furthermore, the provided spur toothing of the gearwheel interacting with the detection means increases the efficiency of the offset output means.The above-mentioned measured values for determining and / or monitoring the output torque are preferably understood to mean the radial force and / or tangential force detected by the detection means or the measured values or measured value signals representing them.

[0009] It is precisely the structural simplicity of the present invention for generating an electronically analyzable signal that enables signal evaluation, an (electronic) interface functionality for standardized external evaluation, and / or (preferably wireless) external signal transmission to be implemented in a compact, cost-effective manner using miniaturized electronic components. The electrical power supply means for such electronic interfaces or signal transmissions, as provided for in the further development of the invention, are particularly suitable.Signal processing means enable such wireless, self-sufficient, and correspondingly flexible functionality. In addition to a battery solution for the electrical power supply, an electrical generator solution is also considered. This generator advantageously utilizes the rotary movements of the gear components involved in the screwing device according to the invention, which inevitably occur, and can convert this mechanical kinetic energy into electrical operating energy for the described functionalities in an otherwise known manner. The resulting advantage of independence from batteries or other wired energy sources is also obvious.

[0010] The described radial and / or tangential force acting on the gear refers to a respective radial force and / or tangential force on the gear, in particular during an operative connection with other gears or toothings meshing therewith. In particular, the radial and / or tangential force acting on the gear refers to a bearing reaction force of the gear in the radial and / or tangential direction that can be detected by the detection means. Preferably, the respective radial force and / or tangential force is detected, which is applied to the bearing or to a rotational axis of the gear, preferably fixed in the housing, during a torque transmission on the gear connected to the detection means. The radial force and / or tangential force preferably refers to a force that is present in a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotational axis of the gear and / or the main axis of the offset output.

[0011] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the detection means are configured to detect a radial force in or along a line of action in which the preferably co-directional tangential or circumferential forces acting on the gearwheel are combined or can be combined to form a resultant force. The radial force detected here is a force acting on the gearwheel or a bearing reaction force of the gearwheel.

[0012] If the gearwheel cooperating with the detection means according to the invention has straight teeth, the gearwheel preferably has only rotational force input during the operative connection or interaction with other meshing gearwheels or toothings of the flat output means, and thus only radial and / or tangential forces acting on the gearwheel. Preferably, no axial forces occur, i.e., forces along a rotational axis of the gearwheel. In this case, the detection means can provide a measured value signal reliably representing and / or monitoring the output-side torque, preferably for electronic signal evaluation.

[0013] In the case of helical gearing or a helical gear design that interacts with the detection means according to the invention, in addition to radial and / or tangential forces, axial forces also occur on the gear or bearing reaction forces acting in the axial direction. These are preferably not detected by the detection means according to the invention. Nevertheless, the detection means can provide a measured value signal that reliably monitors the output-side torque for preferably electronic signal evaluation. In this case, a deviation in the detected radial and / or tangential forces can be used to infer a deviation in the output-side torque.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the gearwheel interacting with the detection means according to the invention is arranged between a toothed drive assembly of the flat output means and a toothed output assembly of the flat output means. The gearwheel interacting with the detection means according to the invention is preferably designed as a gearwheel that interacts or meshes directly with the output assembly. Alternatively, the gearwheel interacting with the detection means according to the invention can be directly enclosed by the output assembly. For example, the straight-toothed gearwheel itself can form the output assembly of the flat output means. With both variants, a significant advantage of the invention can be realized, namely the inventive measured value detection by the detection means as close as possible to the output side of the flat output means.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the flat output means comprise a plurality of gears forming a gear arrangement between the input and output of the flat output means. The gear interacting with the detection means according to the invention is preferably one of the gears forming the gear arrangement. The gear arrangement can comprise straight or helical gearing. The gear arrangement can also comprise angular, bevel, and / or curved gearing.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the flat output means comprise a plurality, i.e., at least two, preferably at least three, straight-toothed or helical-toothed gears. Particularly preferably, the flat output means comprise only straight-toothed gears. Alternatively, however, the flat output means may also comprise at least partially helical-toothed gears. The axes of rotation of the gears of the flat output means preferably all extend in one plane. The axes of rotation preferably run parallel to one another and extend through flat sides of the housing of the flat output.

[0017] The housing of the offset output gear preferably has two parallel flat sides or opposing flat outer surfaces. These are preferably free of projections or elevations. The housing is preferably constructed in two parts, with two opposing housing halves. The maximum width of the housing is preferably less than 30 mm, more preferably less than 20 mm.

[0018] The gearwheel cooperating with the detection means preferably has a bearing axis arranged fixedly, in particular non-rotatably, in the housing, on which a gear ring of the gearwheel is mounted so as to be freely rotatable, preferably by means of a needle bearing.

[0019] The detection means comprise at least one force transducer. This force transducer is preferably rigidly connected, in particular non-rotatably, to a bearing or to the bearing axis of the gear or is formed integrally therewith. The force transducer is arranged non-rotatably between the bearing axis and the housing of the flat output means. The force transducer can be secured against rotation relative to the housing by means of a suitable pin connection to a housing cover and / or by means of a corresponding shape in a housing cover recess.

[0020] The force transducer is preferably arranged in a line of action of the resulting force acting on the gear, extending radially toward the gear. This preferably refers to a radially acting force in which the preferably co-directional tangential or circumferential forces acting on the gear are combined or can be combined to form a resultant force. In particular, the force transducer is preferably arranged such that it can detect a radial force in or along a line of action.

[0021] The force transducer is preferably designed in the form of a spoked wheel and / or preferably substantially disc-shaped. The force transducer is preferably made of the same material as the associated gear and / or the bearing axle of the gear. The force transducer is preferably formed or arranged on an end face of the gear. In particular, the force transducer can be arranged directly on a toothed edge of the gear. More preferably, two, preferably identically designed, force transducers can be formed or arranged on opposite end faces of the gear.

[0022] The force transducer is preferably arranged in such a way that no force is transmitted from the force transducer to the housing of the flat output means in the axial direction, ie in particular along a rotational axis of the gear.

[0023] The force transducer can be arranged or configured coaxially with the associated gear and / or rotationally symmetrically. The force transducer preferably has an outer diameter or a maximum radial extent that essentially corresponds to a root circle of the toothing of the associated straight-toothed gear. The force transducer preferably has an axially extending thickness of 1 to 5 mm, more preferably between 1 and 2.5 mm.

[0024] The force transducer has integrated force sensor means configured to detect a compressive and / or tensile force applied to the force transducer in the radial and / or tangential direction of the gear or the force transducer. The force sensor means are preferably arranged in a radially extending line of action of the resulting force applied to the gear.

[0025] The force sensor means comprise at least one strain gauge attached to the force transducer. Preferably, at least two strain gauges are arranged or attached to the force transducer. The strain gauges are preferably arranged on radially extending and preferably opposite spokes or struts of the force transducer. Alternatively or additionally, the force sensor means can also comprise piezo elements.

[0026] Alternatively or additionally, the force sensor means may comprise hydraulic or pneumatic pressure sensor means attached to or connected to the force transducer. The force transducer may have at least one or preferably two suitable chambers, for example in the form of recesses or cavities, in which a fluid suitable for hydraulic or pneumatic sensor sensing is arranged or introduced. The chambers are preferably arranged opposite one another in the force transducer and in a respective half of the force transducer.

[0027] Alternatively, the force sensor means comprise a graphene-containing polymer mass with variable electrical conductivity attached to or integrated into the force transducer. This can, for example, be introduced into suitable chambers, for example in the form of recesses or cavities in the force transducer, which are preferably arranged opposite one another in a respective half of the force transducer. The polymer mass is preferably formed from a graphene-containing viscoelastic polymer mass, such as a silicone-based bouncy clay with boron content. Such a conductive polymer mass with incorporated graphene particles or flakes, which has a variable electrical resistance upon pressure changes on the polymer mass, is known; see the journal Science, December 9, 2016, Vol. 354, Issue 6317, pages 1257-1260.

[0028] The above-mentioned sensor means can provide a measured value signal that reliably represents and / or monitors the output-side torque with high measurement quality and accuracy, preferably for electronic signal evaluation. The detection means can comprise means for wirelessly transmitting a measured value signal corresponding to and / or monitoring the detected output torque. The detection means can further comprise electronic interface and / or signal processing means as well as electrical power supply means. The latter can be implemented as electrical generator means that interact with a movable, in particular rotating, component of the flat output means.

[0029] The measured value signal provided by the detection means can be transmitted to a computing unit assigned to the screw device or connectable to it, which evaluates the detected signal and, based on this, calculates and / or monitors the respective output torque. This can be done, for example, based on comparison tables and / or database information. These can, for example, include measured values determined by the detection means in test series and the respective associated torque values, with which the respective output torque can be calculated and / or monitored based on the provided measured values. The computing unit can be designed to detect a deviation from a definable target value and, in the event of an excessive deviation, for example of preferably more than 10%, more preferably of more than 5%, to issue an alarm or warning signal.

[0030] The offset output means according to the invention are preferably closed or open offset output means. The offset output means can be designed with or without an angular gear. The offset output means can also have curved teeth, for example, as part of an angular gear. In this case, the detection means according to the invention can also be assigned to a gear with curved teeth or interact with it to detect the radial and / or tangential force acting on the gear.

[0031] In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a preferably handheld or stationary screwing system, comprising the screwing device as described above and drive torque generating means connected to the flat output means on the drive side. The torque generating means are preferably in the form of a manually operable or automatic screwdriver. A stationary screwing system is preferably understood to mean a screwing system that is permanently installed or built into a production unit, for example, a robot cell, and can preferably be operated by an automatic control system.

[0032] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings, which show: Fig. 1: a perspective view of the screw system according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2: a perspective view of the flat output means according to the invention with the housing partially removed; Fig. 3a: a perspective view of a gear cooperating with the detection means; Fig. 3b: a partial sectional view of the gear according to Fig. 3a ; Fig. 3c: a perspective view of the force transducer according to Fig. 3a und 3b ; Fig. 3d: a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the force transducer; Fig. 4a: a perspective view of a further preferred embodiment of the toothed edge cooperating with the detection means, wherein the detection means comprise hydraulic or pneumatic pressure sensor means; Fig. 4b: a sectional view of the gear cooperating with the detection means according to Fig. 4a ; Fig. 5: a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the force transducer according to the invention with sensor means comprising a graphene-containing polymer mass with variable electrical conductivity; and Fig. 6: an exemplary schematic drawing of the forces applied to the gearwheel interacting with the detection means.

[0033] Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the screwing device 10 according to the invention for applying a torque to a screwing partner 20, such as a screw. The screwing device 10 comprises a flat output means 1 having an output 1b that can be releasably connected to the screwing partner 20 and a drive 1a, which can be manually or mechanically subjected to a drive torque, for example via an interposed angular and / or conical gearing 31.

[0034] The screwing device 10 can be connected, preferably selectively, to a screwing tool 30, thereby forming the screwing system 40 according to the invention. The screwing tool 30 can be a commercially available tool and can apply a torque via the angle and / or bevel gearing 31 into the flat output means 1 of the screwing device 10 in a motorized manner, e.g., electrically or pneumatically. The drive torque thus applied is transmitted by the flat output means 1 in the manner described below to a tool 32 arranged as output 1b for screwing the screwing partner 20.

[0035] The screw device 10 has a flat housing 30, which is preferably formed from two substantially uniformly shaped housing halves 30a, 30b. The housing 30 preferably has a maximum height or width b of 30 mm, more preferably 20 mm.

[0036] Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the flat output means 1 according to the invention with the housing partially removed. The flat output means 1 have a drive assembly 2, for example, for interacting with the angle and / or bevel gearing 31 provided on the drive side, and an output assembly 3 for interacting with the screw partner 20, for example via a tool 32 connected to it and arranged on the output side.

[0037] The flat output means 1 preferably comprise a plurality of gears 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, which form a gear arrangement between the input 1a and the output 1b of the flat output means 1. The gears are preferably straight-toothed gears, which, for example, realize a gear ratio of 1:1. The gears can also deviate from the illustration in Fig. 2 be implemented as helical gears. A different gear ratio can also be implemented.

[0038] The gears are preferably arranged axially parallel in the housing 30 and extend linearly along a longitudinal extent of the housing 30, in which they are rotatably mounted. The gears can be partially enclosed by the drive or output assembly 2, 3. Preferably, the drive assembly 2 and the output assembly 3 each have a toothing or a gear 4a, 4e, which is operatively connected to the remaining gears of the gear arrangement. In particular, the drive and output assemblies 2, 3 can each be formed by a gear 4a, 4e.

[0039] In a typical implementation of a manual screwdriving system, such flat output gears 1 are designed and suitable for transmitting a maximum torque of approximately 200 Nm. Depending on the lubrication conditions and the precision design of the gears, the typical efficiency of such a straight-toothed gear arrangement is between approximately 85% and 95% (i.e., the ratio of an output-side torque at 4e to a drive-side torque at 4a).

[0040] Between the drive assembly 2 and the output assembly 3, detection means 5 are arranged, which are designed to provide measured values for determining and / or monitoring an output torque acting on the screw partner 20 on the output side. The detection means 5 are assigned to a preferably straight-toothed gear 4d or are operatively connected thereto. The gear 4d connected to the detection means 5 is preferably arranged in meshing engagement with the gear 4e of the output assembly 3. Alternatively, the gear 4d connected to the detection means 5 can also be directly encompassed by the output assembly 3 or form it.

[0041] Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram in which the Fig. 2 shown linear arrangement of the straight-toothed gear group 4c, 4d, 4e is shown schematically. In the example shown therein of the meshing gears 4c, 4d, 4e, it can be seen that the respective tangential or circumferential forces F 1a , F 1b and F 2a , F 2b act in the Y direction shown during gear engagement and thus run essentially orthogonal to an extension direction X of the gear arrangement 4c, 4d, 4e. On the middle gear 4d, the origin of the forces in the gear engagement is shown on both sides as an example. The magnitude of the forces differs only by a possible loss of efficiency within a gear stage. If the two similarly directed circumferential forces F 1a , F 1b and F 2a , F 2b are combined to form a resultant force, its line of action W lies almost in the center of the gear 4d.The detection means 5 according to the invention are therefore preferably arranged in the line of action of the resulting force applied to the gear 4d or arranged in such a way that they can detect the forces occurring in or along the line of action.

[0042] Fig. 3a shows a perspective view of the gear 4d and the associated or associated detection means 5.

[0043] The detection means 5 comprise a preferably substantially disc-shaped force transducer 5a, for example in the form of a spoked wheel (see also Fig. 3c ), which is integrally formed with a rotational axis 19 of the gear 4a and / or is fixedly connected, in particular in a rotationally secure manner. In addition, the force transducer 5a is mounted in the housing 30a, 30b in a rotationally fixed manner, for example by means of axially arranged bores 9a, 9b and connecting pins (not shown) received therein. Alternatively to this design, the force transducer 5a can also be mounted in the housing in a form-securing manner. In this case, the force transducer 5a can have an outer shape, for example essentially trapezoidal (cf. Fig. 3d ), which can be accommodated or stored in a corresponding recess of the housing 30a, 30b in a rotationally secure manner.

[0044] The force transducer 5a is preferably arranged on an end face 6a of the gear 4d or the rotational axis 19 of the gear 4d. The detection means 5 preferably comprise two preferably identically designed force transducers 5a, which are arranged on two opposite end faces 6a, 6b of the gear 4a or the rotational axis 19 of the gear 4d (cf. Fig. 3b ).

[0045] The gear 4d preferably comprises the central rotational axis 19 with a bore 19a arranged therein, which is designed for preferably rotationally fixed arrangement in the flat output means 1 and / or for guiding sensor lines or wiring 13 belonging to the detection means 5. The axis 19 preferably has an axially projecting section 19b at both ends, which is designed for supporting and / or connecting to the at least one force transducer 5a. In particular, the section 19b can engage in a central bore 8 of the force transducer 5a, preferably in a rotationally fixed manner. A spacer or drill disk 21 can be arranged between the force transducer 5a and a main axis body of the axis 19. A gear rim 22 of the gear 4d is preferably arranged for free rotation on the axis 19 by means of a needle bearing 23.

[0046] The force transducer 5a has a central bore 8 for connecting the force transducer 5a to the rotational axis 19 and / or for guiding sensor lines 13. The force transducer 5a preferably has a circular outer contour. An outer diameter d or a maximum radial extent of the force transducer 5a is preferably smaller than or substantially corresponds to the root circle of the gear 4d. A thickness t of the force transducer 5a is preferably between 1 and 5 mm, more preferably between 1 and 2.5 mm.

[0047] The force transducer 5a has at least two preferably opposing radial struts or webs 7a, 7b and intermediate, preferably substantially arcuate recesses 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d. The force transducer 5a can be formed from an inner circle 18a and an outer circle 18b formed coaxially therewith with radially extending struts or webs 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d.

[0048] The force transducer 5a has integrated or mounted force sensor means which are designed to detect a compressive and / or tensile force applied to the force transducer and thus to the bearing axis 19 connected thereto in a rotationally fixed manner as a bearing reaction force in the radial and / or tangential direction to the gear 4d. Fig. 3a-3c In the embodiment shown, the force sensor means are formed by strain gauges 12a, 12b attached to the force transducer 5a. These are arranged on the radially extending and preferably opposite struts 7a, 7b of the force transducer 5a and can thus detect, in particular, a compressive and / or tensile force acting in these struts during the interaction of the associated gear 4d with the gears 4c, 4e meshing therewith. The struts 7a, 7b or the force sensor means 12a, 12b are preferably arranged along or parallel to a line of action W of the resulting force applied to the gear 4d in the respective gear arrangement (see also Fig. 6 ).

[0049] A signal provided in an otherwise conventional and known manner for subsequent processing and evaluation can be output via the sensor cabling 13. Preferably, the strain gauges as force sensor means generate a voltage change due to elastic deformation caused by radial forces, which is provided for electronic signal evaluation and in particular for determining and / or monitoring an output-side torque. To output the measured value signal for electronic signal evaluation, the device can also have means for wireless signal transmission (not shown). The signal evaluation can be carried out using computing means (not shown) assigned to the device or connectable to it, which, for example, calculate or monitor the associated or applied torque based on an output voltage signal.This can be done, for example, based on comparison tables stored in a database. Since the gear 4d and the associated force transducer 5a according to the invention mesh directly with the toothing 4a of the output assembly 3, which in turn then directly transmits the output torque to the screw partner 20 for screwing purposes, the force sensor signal can reproduce or monitor the actual output-side torque conditions at the offset output means in a very precise, interference-free, and reproducible manner with negligible loss of this torque pairing to achieve the inventive task.

[0050] Fig. 4a und 4b show a further preferred embodiment of the detection means 5 according to the invention, wherein the force transducer 5a has hydraulic or pneumatic pressure sensor means. In particular, the force transducer(s) 5a has at least one or preferably two suitable chambers 14a, 14b in the form of recesses or cavities, in which a suitable fluid is arranged or introduced. The chambers 14a, 14b are preferably arranged opposite one another in the force transducer 5a and mirrored along an axis A that divides the force transducer 5a in half. A hydraulic or pneumatic pressure change in the chambers 14a, 14b occurring due to the interaction of the gear 4d with the meshing gears 4c, 4e can be detected by means of suitable pressure sensors assigned to the chambers 14a, 14b. Transmission to pressure sensors arranged externally to the force transducer 5a can take place by means of suitable lines 14c, 14d.The chambers 14a, 14b can each have a filling and / or venting opening 24, which can be selectively closed with an associated plug (not shown). The sensor means can then output a corresponding electronic signal, which can be used to determine the torque applied to the gear 4d.

[0051] As in Fig. 4b As shown, the detection means 5 preferably have two force transducers 5a, which are arranged on both end faces 6a, 6b of the gear 4d or the rotational axis 19. The respective chambers 14a, 14b are preferably connected or coupled by means of channels 25, preferably formed in the rotational axis 19 or guided therein.

[0052] Fig. 5shows a further preferred embodiment of the detection means 5 according to the invention, wherein the force transducer 5a has a graphene-containing polymer mass with variable electrical conductivity as the sensor means. In particular, the force transducer 5a has at least one or preferably two suitable chambers 15a, 15b in the form of recesses or cavities, into which the graphene-containing polymer mass is introduced, and which is contacted by respective associated electrical lines 16a, 16b and 17a, 17b. The chambers 15a, 15b are preferably arranged mirrored along an axis B that divides the force transducer 5a in half. Radially extending spring elements 26 are preferably arranged within the chambers 15a, 15b as supporting structural elements.

[0053] When a torque is applied to the gear 4d and thus a reaction force occurs at the cooperating force transducer 5a, the electrical conductivity of the graphene-containing polymer mass changes, whereby a torque-dependent sensor signal can be output for electronic signal evaluation.

[0054] The embodiments described above are merely exemplary, and the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments shown in the figures.

Claims

1. A screwing device (10) for applying a torque to a screw partner (20), the screwing device (10) comprising geared offset head means (1) having an output (1b) which can be connected to the screw partner (20) in a detachable manner and a drive (1a) to which a drive torque can be manually or mechanically applied, in particular via an intermediate angle and / or bevel gearing (31), and detection means (5) which are provided in a housing (30) of the geared offset head means (1) and which are configured to provide measurement values for determining and / or monitoring an output torque acting on the screw partner on the output side, characterized in that the detection means (5) are configured in such a manner that they can detect a bearing reaction force in a radial and / or a tangential direction of a preferably straight-toothed gearwheel (4d) which connects the drive and the output of the geared offset head means (1) in a torque-transmitting manner and that the detection means (5) can provide the bearing reaction force for electronic signal evaluation, and that the detection means (5) comprise a force transducer (5a) which comprises integrated force sensor means which are configured to detect a compressive and / or pulling force applied to the force transducer (5a) in a radial and / or tangential direction, wherein the force transducer (5a) is disposed in a non-rotatable manner between a bearing axis of the gearwheel (4d) and the housing (30) of the geared offset head means (1), and wherein the integrated force sensor means are formed by strain gauges (12a, 12b) which are attached to the force transducer (5a) and which are preferably disposed on opposite struts (7a, 7b) of the force transducer (5a) which extend in the radial direction, or wherein the integrated force sensor means are formed by a polymer mass (15a, 15b) which is attached to or integrated into the force transducer (5a), which contains graphene and which has variable electrical conductivity.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the geared offset head means (1) comprise the gearwheel (4d), which interacts with the detection means (5) according to the invention, between a drive assembly (2), which has a gearing and which forms the drive (1a), and an output assembly (3), which has a gearing and which forms the output (1b), or in that an output assembly (3) comprises the gearwheel (4d) which interacts with the detection means (5) according to the invention.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the geared offset head means (1) comprise a plurality of gearwheels (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e) which form a gear arrangement between the drive (1a) and the output (1b), wherein the gearwheel (4d) which interacts with the detection means (5) according to the invention is one of the gearwheels (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e) which form the gear arrangement.

4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the geared offset head means (1) comprise a plurality of gearwheels (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e) whose rotation axes preferably extend in a common plane.

5. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transducer (5a) is disposed in a line of action (W) of the resulting force applied to the gearwheel (4d), wherein the line of action (W) extends radially to the gearwheel.

6. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transducer (5a) is disposed on an end face (6a) of the gearwheel and preferably coaxially thereto.

7. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transducer (5a) is firmly connected to or integrally formed with a bearing (19) of the gearwheel (4d).

8. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer mass (15a, 15b) containing graphene is a bouncing putty based on silicone containing boron.

9. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection means (5) comprise means for the preferably wireless signal transmission of a measurement value signal which corresponds to the detected output torque and / or which monitors said output torque.

10. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection means (5) comprise electronic interface and / or signal processing means and electrical energy supply means.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the electrical energy supply means are realized as electrical generator means which interact with a moving, in particular rotating, component of the geared offset head means.

12. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transducer (5a) is secured against rotation relative to the housing (30) by means of an appropriate pin connection to a housing cover.

13. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transducer (5a) is secured against rotation relative to the housing (30) by means of a corresponding shaping in a housing cover recess.

14. A handheld or stationary screwing system (40) comprising the screwing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and drive torque generating means (30) connected to the geared offset head means on the drive side.