MOUNTING TRACK AND METHOD FOR PULLING CABLE-SHAPED ELEMENTS, IN PARTICULAR OF CLAMPING LINKS, ALONG A TOWER OF A WIND POWER PLANT

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a mounting traverse for placement on a tower head, in particular on a tower head of a tower of a wind turbine, and to a method for pulling in cable-shaped elements, in particular tendons, along a tower, in particular a tower of a wind turbine.

[0002] In concrete structures subject to high loads, tendons are often used to prestress the structures. Externally guided tendons are particularly used for this purpose. These tendons do not run within concrete components, for example, inside cast-in ducts, but rather run adjacent to or adjacent to the concrete components. Externally guided tendons are particularly used for towers made of concrete or with concrete. For example, towers can be constructed from cast-in-place concrete or assembled from precast concrete elements. Tendons are often used in such concrete towers to prestress the tower in the longitudinal direction.

[0003] In addition to tendons, other cable-like elements, such as electrical cables, must also be laid or pulled along the tower, especially in the vertical direction, for example, from the tower base to the tower top. Especially in the case of wind turbine towers, the cable-like elements to be laid along the tower can have large cross-sections and / or high weights, so that a correspondingly high (and therefore expensive) crane is usually required for their installation.

[0004] For prestressing concrete towers, the ends of the tendons are usually fixed to the tower head and the tower foundation, usually using anchors, and then provided with the appropriate prestressing force. In towers with a circular cross-section, the externally guided tendons are often arranged in a ring and usually run inside the tower. The tendons are then usually accessible from inside the tower.

[0005] Prestressed concrete towers are often used in wind turbines. A nacelle with an aerodynamic rotor is mounted on the tower.

[0006] Prestressing the tendons at the tower base requires a corresponding working height for positioning and handling a prestressing jack, which usually means that a corresponding depth in the tower foundation must be taken into account during design. This can lead to complex, expensive, and large foundation structures. Prestressing the tendons at the tower head requires moving a prestressing jack to the tower head and positioning and handling the prestressing jack at a great height. This is also complex and, due to the work being carried out at great heights, involves high occupational safety requirements.

[0007] The German Patent and Trademark Office has searched the following prior art in the priority application for the present application: DE 10 2011 003 164 A1, US 2017 / 0 183 872 A1, WO 2010 / 147 459 A2, DE 10 2017 203 645 A1, DE 10 2018 105 276 A1.

[0008] Another mounting traverse according to the state of the art is described in WO 2011 / 154 110 A1.

[0009] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved mounting crossbeam for placement on a tower head and an improved method for pulling cable-shaped elements, in particular tendons, along a tower. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an mounting crossbeam for placement on a tower head and a method for pulling cable-shaped elements, in particular tendons, along a tower, which reduce or eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an mounting crossbeam for placement on a tower head and a method for pulling cable-shaped elements, in particular tendons, along a tower, which enable a cost-saving and / or simplified and / or reliable solution for prestressing tendons of a tower.

[0010] This object is achieved according to the invention by a mounting cross member for mounting on a tower head, in particular on a tower head of a tower of a wind turbine, according to claim 1.

[0011] The invention is based, among other things, on the finding that the provision of an assembly crossbeam that can be placed on the tower head brings with it various advantages, for example with regard to occupational safety and costs.

[0012] An assembly truss described here can be used, in particular, to lay or pull cable-like elements, such as tendons or electrical lines, such as power transmission or grounding cables, along the tower. Pulling cable-like elements along a tower can, in particular, mean laying such elements in a vertical direction, for example, along an inner side of the tower. Pulling cable-like elements along a tower can also mean first pulling up the first ends of such elements—for example, inside the tower—and then fastening the first ends to the tower head and second ends of such elements to the tower base.

[0013] The assembly traverse described here can also be used in particular to tension cable-shaped elements, in particular tendons, for example by means of a tensioning press.

[0014] Especially in wind turbine towers, cable-shaped elements usually have a large cross-section and, due to their length, which is usually roughly equivalent to the tower height, a considerable overall weight. Therefore, a crane is usually required to pull such cable-shaped elements along a tower.

[0015] A crane capable of operating at great tower heights is typically associated with high costs. The erection truss described here can perform numerous tasks that would otherwise require such a crane (e.g., pulling cable-like elements along the tower, especially prestressing tendons), thus significantly reducing the operating time of such a crane, which can lead to significant time and / or financial savings.

[0016] Furthermore, with the assembly traverse described here, the working level can be arranged above suspended loads (which are, for example, attached to the trolleys of the assembly traverse), which significantly increases occupational safety compared to working with a crane, where suspended loads are usually (at least also or partially) arranged above the working level.

[0017] The anchoring of tendons at the tower base is usually done in the foundation, while the anchoring at the tower head is usually done in a specially designed tower head segment. In hybrid towers, where a (usually significantly shorter) steel tower section is connected to the top of a concrete tower section, the anchoring is usually done in a tower head segment that is located at the transition from the concrete tower section to the steel tower section. In the present application, the term tower head therefore refers in particular to the upper end of a concrete tower or a concrete tower section, in particular a tower head segment that is designed for the anchoring of tendons. Such a tower head segment can, for example, be a concrete segment or a steel segment or a hybrid segment made of different materials (in particular steel and concrete, but possibly also CFRP, GFRP, or similar).

[0018] Even if such a tower head segment is followed by a steel tower section, tower head in this application preferably refers to the tower head segment designed for the anchoring of tendons at the upper end of the concrete tower section or at the transition from the concrete tower section to the steel tower section.

[0019] A work platform, preferably temporary, is preferably provided at a lower end of the tower head or below the tower head. This serves primarily as a resting place and for the safety of operating personnel. The work platform preferably has closable openings to allow tendons and / or other elements to be passed through the work platform.

[0020] The mounting crossbeam is used in particular to be placed on a tower head. This means in particular that the mounting crossbeam can be placed on the upper end of a usually ring-shaped tower wall. For this purpose, the mounting crossbeam comprises the following elements: a main girder and two auxiliary girders. The main girder extends from one first end to a second end, whereby the main girder can preferably be placed on the tower head with the first and second ends. An auxiliary girder is arranged on each of its two sides in the middle of the main girder. The two auxiliary girders each extend from a first end, which is arranged in the middle of the main girder, to a second end. These second ends of the two auxiliary girders are preferably also designed to be placed on a tower head. The main girder and the two auxiliary girders of the mounting crossbeam therefore preferably have a substantially cross-shaped configuration in plan view.

[0021] The assembly traverse further comprises a first and a second trolley. Both trolleys are arranged for movement on the main beam, with the first trolley being arranged for movement along at least a first section of the main beam and the second trolley being arranged for movement along at least a second section of the main beam. The first and second sections of the main beam can be identical to one another, different from one another, or overlapping.

[0022] Furthermore, the first and / or second trolley can preferably be fixed to the main beam at various positions. Furthermore, functional elements can preferably be arranged on the trolleys. A functional element can be, for example, a holding element, a winch, a tensioning jack, a construction cage, a hoist, or the like.

[0023] Furthermore, handles can preferably be arranged on the assembly cross member, in particular on the main support and / or the two auxiliary supports, for handling the assembly cross member and / or for gripping by the operating personnel.

[0024] The main beam preferably has a load-bearing capacity of at least 500 kg, preferably at least 1 t, preferably at least 1.5 t, in particular at least 3 t.

[0025] The assembly truss described here offers several advantages. The design, with a main beam and two auxiliary beams, arranged on either side of the main beam with their respective first ends centered on the main beam, is a particularly stable and reliable construction, enabling safe work even at great heights on the tower head.

[0026] By providing the two trolleys on the main girder and their movable arrangement on the main girder, a high degree of flexibility is created, as various elements, such as tendons, tools or other elements, can be positioned along the main girder using the two trolleys.

[0027] For example, one trolley can be used to hoist a tendon from the tower base to the tower head using a hoist such as a winch, while the other trolley can be used to prestress the tendon using a tool such as a stressing jack. By arranging two trolleys, they can be operated independently and parallel to each other. The assembly beam thus offers great flexibility while ensuring a high level of safety for work on the tower head.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the first and second ends of the main beam and the respective second ends of the two auxiliary beams are designed to be movable, in particular circumferentially movable, on a tower head. It is particularly preferred that the first and second ends of the main beam and / or the respective second ends of the two auxiliary beams each have at least one sliding or rolling element pointing downward in the operating state.

[0029] Configuring the two ends of the main girder and the respective second ends of the two auxiliary girders such that they are movably arranged on a tower head further increases the flexibility of the mounting crossbeam. The movable arrangement on the tower head means, in particular, that the mounting crossbeam can move relative to the tower head. Particularly preferred is a rotational movement about an axis that is vertical in the operating state of the mounting crossbeam and is preferably identical to a longitudinal axis of the tower. Particularly in the case of a tower with an annular cross-section, this results in a movement of the two ends of the main girder and the respective second ends of the two auxiliary girders in the circumferential direction of the tower head. As a rule, a support surface of the tower head is designed as a substantially horizontal, annular surface of the annular tower wall of the tower head segment. The mounting crossbeam is preferably movable on and along this support surface.For this purpose, the mounting traverse preferably has sliding or rolling elements that point downward in the operating state, particularly so that they can rest on a substantially horizontal support surface. Sliding or rolling elements can be designed, for example, in the form of rollers or balls.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports each have at least one outwardly facing sliding or rolling element.

[0031] Sliding or rolling elements on the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports, which point outwards, have in particular the following properties and advantages. An outward-facing sliding or rolling element is understood in particular to mean a sliding or rolling element that faces away from the respective first end of the respective auxiliary support. When the assembly crossbeam is in the operating state on a tower head, such sliding or rolling elements preferably face an inner wall of the tower head and bear against this inner wall. It is particularly preferred that these sliding or rolling elements are designed to rest, for example, on the inner side of an upper flange of the tower head, the upper side of which forms the support surface for the assembly crossbeam. In this way, the stability of the assembly crossbeam can be increased even further. Sliding or rolling elements can be designed, for example, in the form of rollers or balls.

[0032] A further preferred development is characterized in that the respective first ends of the two auxiliary supports are movably, in particular pivotably, connected to the main support.

[0033] Preferably, the respective first ends of the two auxiliary supports are pivotably connected to the main support about a substantially vertical axis. Furthermore, the two auxiliary supports are preferably each fixable relative to the main support, in particular fixable in different positions.

[0034] In this way, the assembly crossbeam can be significantly reduced in size, for example in a transport state, if the two auxiliary supports can be pivoted closer to the main support. In the operating state, however, the auxiliary supports can then preferably be pivoted open, resulting in the described shape of the assembly crossbeam, which is preferably cross-shaped in plan view. It is particularly preferred and advantageous for occupational safety and transport safety that the two auxiliary supports can be fixed in different positions, in particular in the operating position and in a transport position, relative to the main support, thus preventing any unwanted or unintentional change in the position of the auxiliary supports.

[0035] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the first and the second end of the main carrier and / or the respective second ends of the two auxiliary carriers each have at least one guide surface opening downwards in the operating state.

[0036] A guide surface that opens downwards in the operating state is understood here in particular as a guide surface that has an upper and a lower end, wherein, when placed on the tower head, the lower end is further away from the tower head than the upper end. Guide surfaces that open downwards in this way serve in particular to facilitate the placement of the mounting crossbeam on the tower head, in particular on an annular tower wall. The downward-opening guide surfaces make it easier to position the mounting crossbeam directly on the tower head and to correct the position of the mounting crossbeam as the mounting crossbeam approaches the tower head, in particular the support surface.

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the first and the second end of the main support and / or the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports each have at least one locking element for locking the main support to a tower head.

[0038] Locking the main beam to the tower head has the advantage that it is securely and immovably mounted on the main beam, particularly during work and / or during the lifting of the tower head, in the event that the assembly crossbeam has already been placed on the tower head segment on the ground and is being brought together with it to the tower head. While the mobility of the assembly crossbeam on the tower head described above is preferred in order to enable high flexibility, particularly with regard to the positioning of functional elements arranged on the trolleys, ideally within the entire interior of the tower head, a secure and reliable locking of the main beam to the tower head is preferred in certain situations.

[0039] Preferably, the at least one locking element is connected to the main carrier via a loss-prevention device, for example, via a loop. Furthermore, the locking element preferably has a securing element that prevents the locking element from being accidentally released from the locking position.

[0040] A preferred further development is characterized in that the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports each have at least one guide surface pointing upwards in the operating state.

[0041] The guide surfaces at the second ends of the two auxiliary beams, which point upwards in the operating state, preferably serve to engage beneath an upper flange of the tower head, the upper side of which serves as a support surface. This ensures that the second ends of the two auxiliary beams cannot be lifted off the tower head.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports each have a movable, in particular pivotable, support element on which the guide surfaces pointing upwards in the operating state and / or the outwardly pointing sliding or rolling elements are preferably arranged.

[0043] The support element can preferably be fixed relative to the respective auxiliary support via a clamping element, such as a turnbuckle.

[0044] The arrangement of the guide surfaces facing upwards in the operating state and / or the outward-facing sliding or rolling elements on a movable, in particular pivotable, support element has the advantage of simplifying the positioning of the mounting crossbeam on a tower head, in particular a tower head with an upper flange whose upper side is designed as a support surface. When the mounting crossbeam is placed in position, the support elements can be pivoted into a position and temporarily fixed there, preferably by means of the clamping element, which allows sufficient space for placing the mounting crossbeam on the tower head.After installation, the support elements can preferably be pivoted so that the guide surfaces, which face upwards in the operating state, engage under an upper flange on the tower head, for example, and / or the outward-facing sliding or rolling elements come into contact with the inner wall of the tower head, in particular an upper flange of the tower head. Even in this position, the support elements can preferably be temporarily fixed, in particular via a tensioning element, such as a turnbuckle.

[0045] According to a preferred embodiment, a distance between the first end of the main support and the center of the main support is variable. In a further preferred embodiment, a distance between the second end of the main support and the center of the main support is variable. A further preferred development is characterized in that a distance between the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports and the center of the main support is variable.

[0046] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the main support and / or the two auxiliary supports are designed as telescopic supports. According to a preferred embodiment, the first and / or second end of the main support is arranged displaceably on extension sections of the main support and can be fixed in different positions. In a further preferred embodiment, the second ends of the two auxiliary supports are arranged on extension sections of the auxiliary supports and can be fixed in different positions.

[0047] The embodiments and further developments mentioned here are particularly preferred in order to make the assembly cross member suitable for tower heads of different diameters. In the case of tower heads of different diameters, it is advantageous if the first and second ends of the main support, which are intended to rest on the tower head, and the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports can be varied in their distance from one another. For this purpose, the main support and / or the two auxiliary supports can be designed as telescopic supports. A further possibility is to arrange the first and second ends of the main support and / or the respective second ends of the two auxiliary supports so that they can be moved on the main support or the two auxiliary supports. For this purpose, the main support and / or the two auxiliary supports preferably have extension sections to which the first and second ends of the main support orthe second ends of the two auxiliary supports are arranged, along which they can be moved and fixed in different positions. With a tower head of smaller diameter, a portion of the respective extension sections would thus protrude outward beyond the tower head, whereas with a tower head of larger diameter, the respective ends would be arranged at the outer end of the extension sections.

[0048] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a holding element is arranged at each of the first and second ends of the main support for receiving functional elements. According to a preferred embodiment, a holding element is arranged centrally on the main support for receiving functional elements. In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the first and / or second trolley have holding elements for receiving functional elements.

[0049] According to the invention, it is provided that the first trolley is arranged on an underside of the main support and the second trolley is arranged on an upper side of the main support.

[0050] It is further preferred that the first trolley is arranged between the first end of the main support and a center of the main support, and the second trolley is arranged between the second end of the main support and the center of the main support. A further preferred development is characterized in that both trolleys are arranged between the first end of the main support and a center of the main support. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the first and / or the second trolley is detachably arranged on the main support. In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the first and / or the second trolley can be positioned at at least two different positions on the main support.

[0051] The preferred embodiments and refinements regarding the design of the trolleys mentioned here have various advantages. Overall, a flexible arrangement of the trolleys is preferred in order to correspondingly increase the flexibility of the assembly crossbeam with regard to accessibility to various positions within the tower head. Depending on the work to be performed and / or the preferred working method with the two trolleys, it may be advantageous to arrange both trolleys on one half of the main girder, for example, between the first end of the main girder and the center of the main girder (or, correspondingly, to arrange both trolleys between the second end of the main girder and the center of the main girder).However, it may also be preferable to arrange the first trolley between the first end of the main support and the center of the main support and to arrange the second trolley on the other half of the main support, i.e. between the second end of the main support and the center of the main support. For this purpose, it is particularly preferred that the first and / or the second trolley are detachably arranged on the main support so that it is possible to switch between different positioning alternatives. It is also preferable that the trolleys can be positioned at different positions on the main support. It is further particularly preferred that the main support is designed such that it receives the first and / or the second trolley in at least two different positions.

[0052] Another preferred development is characterized by a cover.

[0053] It is particularly preferred that the cover has a, preferably two-part or multi-part, in particular flexible, cover hood and a cover frame, which is in particular designed to fix the cover hood.

[0054] The cover frame thus serves, in particular, to support or support the cover hood. Preferably, the cover, in particular the cover frame and / or the cover hood, is movable together with the mounting crossbeam on the tower head. This has the advantage that, for example, a rotation of the mounting crossbeam around a vertical axis causes the cover to rotate with it.

[0055] According to a preferred embodiment, the cover frame has a cover ring, preferably one that is at least two-part, at least three-part, at least four-part, or multi-part. Furthermore, the cover frame is preferably provided with a central clamping mandrel, preferably with a clamping plate. A further preferred development is characterized in that the cover frame has two clamping brackets, each of which preferably extends over at least a section of the main support, starting from its first and second ends, respectively. The provision of two clamping brackets that extend over sections of the main support has the advantage that an area above the main support is kept free so that the mobility of the first and / or second trolley along the main support is not blocked by the cover hood.

[0056] According to a preferred embodiment, the cover has a plurality of closable openings. A further preferred development is characterized in that the cover has fastening elements.

[0057] Closable openings in the cover facilitate access and / or passage of elements through the cover. Fasteners for the cover can be openings in the cover into which complementary fasteners engage, allowing the cover to be attached, preferably detachably, to the cover frame.

[0058] Further advantageous embodiments of the device described above result from a combination of the preferred features discussed here.

[0059] According to a further aspect of the invention, the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a method for pulling in cable-shaped elements, in particular tendons, along a tower, in particular a tower of a wind turbine, the method comprising: placing a previously described mounting crossbeam on a tower head of the tower, arranging a lifting device on the first and / or second trolley, pulling up a first end of the cable-shaped element up to the tower head by means of the mounting crossbeam.

[0060] A preferred development of the method is characterized by positioning the mounting cross member at a desired circumferential position, and / or locking the mounting cross member, and / or arranging and / or fixing a second end of the tendon at the tower base, and / or arranging a prestressing jack at the first and / or second trolley, prestressing a tendon by means of the prestressing jack, and / or fixing the second end of the cable-shaped element, in particular the tendon, at the tower head.

[0061] The order of the process steps described here is preferred, but may also be different.

[0062] The method described above and its possible further developments preferably have features or method steps which make them particularly suitable for use with an assembly traverse according to the invention and its further developments.

[0063] For the advantages, embodiment variants and embodiment details of these further aspects of the invention and its developments, reference is made to the preceding description of the corresponding device features.

[0064] Preferred embodiments are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures. They show: Figure 1: a schematic representation of a wind turbine; Figure 2: a three-dimensional representation of an exemplary embodiment of a mounting traverse; Figure 3: a further three-dimensional representation of the mounting traverse according to Figure 2 ; Figure 4: a schematic representation of a section of an embodiment of a mounting crossbeam mounted on a tower head; Figure 5: a schematic three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of a mounting crossbeam mounted on a tower head; Figure 6: a top view of the mounting crossbeam according to Figure 2; Figure 7: a side view of the mounting traverse according to Figure 2 ; Figure 8: another side view of the mounting traverse according to Figure 2 ; Figure 9: a three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of a cover frame; Figure 10: a plan view of the cover frame according to Figure 9 ; Figure 11: a side view of the cover frame according to Figure 9 with an enlarged detail Z Figure 12: another side view of the cover frame according to Figure 9; Figure 13: a three-dimensional representation of an exemplary embodiment of a cover frame with holding bracket; Figure 14: a three-dimensional representation of an exemplary embodiment of an assembly crossbeam with cover frame and cover hood; Figure 15: a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a method for prestressing tendons of a tower; Figure 16: a longitudinal section of an upper end of a tower with an embodiment of an assembly crossbeam not according to the invention; Figure 17: a sectional view through an exemplary embodiment of an assembly crossbeam; Figure 18: the second end of an auxiliary beam of an exemplary embodiment of an assembly crossbeam with the support element in the closed position; and Figure 19: the second end of an auxiliary beam of an exemplary embodiment of an assembly crossbeam with the support element in the open position.

[0065] In the figures, identical or essentially functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals. General descriptions generally refer to all embodiments unless differences are explicitly stated.

[0066] Fig. 1shows a schematic representation of a wind turbine according to the invention. The wind turbine 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102. An aerodynamic rotor 106 with three rotor blades 108 and a spinner 110 is provided on the nacelle 104. During operation of the wind turbine, the aerodynamic rotor 106 is set in rotation by the wind and thus also rotates an electrodynamic rotor or rotor of a generator, which is directly or indirectly coupled to the aerodynamic rotor 106. The electrical generator is arranged in the nacelle 104 and generates electrical energy. The pitch angles of the rotor blades 108 can be changed by pitch motors at the rotor blade roots of the respective rotor blades 108.

[0067] The tower 102 is designed as a hybrid tower with a concrete tower section with concrete segments 120 and a steel tower section with steel segments 130. The tower head 105 refers here to the upper end of the concrete tower section with concrete segments 120, in particular the tower head segment 105a at the transition from the concrete tower section to the steel tower section, which is used to anchor tendons 800 (cf. Fig. 4 and Fig. 16 ). The tower head 105 here therefore refers in particular to the upper end of a concrete tower 102 or a concrete tower part with concrete segments 120, in particular a tower head segment 105 which is designed for anchoring tendons 800. Even if such a tower head segment 105a is followed by a steel tower part with steel tower segments 120, tower head 105 in this application preferably refers to the tower head segment 105a designed for anchoring tendons at the upper end of the concrete tower part or at the transition from the concrete tower part to the steel tower part.

[0068] In the Figure 2-8 exemplary embodiments of a mounting traverse 1 are shown. In the Figure 9-13 exemplary embodiments of a cover frame 600 are shown in Figure 14 a mounting traverse 1 with cover frame 600 and cover hood 700. Figure 15 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a method 1000 for prestressing tendons 800 of a tower 102. The figure shows a longitudinal section of an upper end of a tower with an exemplary embodiment of a mounting crossbeam 1 and in Figure 17 is a sectional view through an exemplary embodiment of a mounting traverse. The Figure 18 and 19 Finally, the second end 302a of an auxiliary support 300a of an exemplary embodiment of a mounting cross member with the support element 340 in the closed or open position.

[0069] A mounting crossbeam 1 is used in particular for mounting on a tower head 105 of a tower 102 of a wind turbine 100. By means of the mounting crossbeam 1 and functional elements arranged thereon, tendons 800, in particular externally guided ones, can be prestressed on the tower head 105.

[0070] The mounting cross member 1 comprises a main support 200 with a first and a second end 201, 202. The mounting cross member 1 further comprises two auxiliary supports 300a, b, each with a first and a second end 301a, b, 302a, b. The two auxiliary supports 300a, b are arranged on both sides 200a, b of the main support 200, with their respective first ends 301a, b each centrally on the main support 200.

[0071] The first and second ends 201, 202 of the main beam 200 have at least one locking element 240 for locking the main beam 200 to a tower head 105. The locking elements 240 are preferably connected to the main beam 200 via a loss-prevention device, for example, a loop. Furthermore, the locking element preferably has a securing element that prevents the locking element from being accidentally released from the locking position.

[0072] The first and second ends 201, 202 of the main support 200 further each have a side part 251, 252 (cf. Fig. 2 and 17). The height of the side parts 251, 252 is preferably matched to a required working height below the assembly cross member 1, for example between a work platform and the assembly cross member 1. Furthermore, the side parts 251, 252 can preferably be detachable and / or replaceable and / or designed as telescopic elements in order to be able to change the height of the side parts 251, 252 and thus the working height below the assembly cross member 1.

[0073] On a bottom side 200u of the main beam 200, a first trolley 410 is arranged to be movable along at least a first section 210 of the main beam 200 (cf. e.g. Fig. 4 ). On an upper side 200o of the main beam 200, a second trolley 420 is arranged to be movable along at least a second section 220 of the main beam 200. In the embodiment not according to the invention according to Fig. 16 the second trolley 420 is also arranged on the underside of the main beam 200.

[0074] The first trolley 410 is arranged between the first end 201 of the main beam 200 and a center 222 of the main beam 200, and the second trolley 420 is arranged between the second end 202 of the main beam 200 and the center 222 of the main beam 200. Preferably, the first and second trolleys 410, 420 are detachably arranged on the main beam 200 and can be positioned at at least two different positions on the main beam 200.

[0075] Various functional elements can be arranged on the trolleys 410, 420. The first and / or the second trolley 410, 420 preferably have holding elements 191 for receiving functional elements. For example, in Fig. 4 a first winch 510 is arranged on the first trolley 410 and in Figure 5 A second winch 520 and a tensioning press 530 are arranged on the second trolley 420.

[0076] The Figure 4 and 5show the mounting crossbeam 1 in the operating state, in which the mounting crossbeam 1 is placed on the tower head 105. The tower head segment 105a has an upper flange 105b, which has a substantially horizontal support surface for the mounting crossbeam 1 on its upper side.

[0077] The upper flange 105b of the tower head segment 105a further comprises a plurality of through-openings which serve in particular to receive fastening elements with which a steel segment 130 can be fastened to the tower head segment 105a. Fig. 4 and 5 In the operating state of the assembly cross member 1 shown, the locking elements 240 of the main support 200 can preferably be fastened in the openings of the upper flange 105b of the tower head segment 105a.

[0078] It can be seen in Fig. 5Furthermore, a work platform 95 on which two operators are located. The work platform 95 preferably has closable openings through which, for example, tendons, ropes, or other items can be passed. Figure 4 The upper end of a tendon 800 can also be seen. Handles 90 are arranged on the auxiliary supports 300a, b.

[0079] The first and second ends 201, 202 of the main beam 200 and the respective second ends 302a, b of the two auxiliary beams 300a, b are designed to be movable, in particular movable in the circumferential direction, on the tower head 105. The first and second ends 201, 202 of the main beam 200 and the respective second ends 302a, b of the two auxiliary beams 300a, b each have at least one sliding or rolling element 221, 321a, b, designed here as a roller, pointing downward in the operating state. The downward-pointing sliding or rolling elements 221, 321a, b rest on the support surface of the upper flange 105b of the tower head segment 105a in the operating state of the assembly crossbeam 1.

[0080] Furthermore, the respective second ends 302a, b of the two auxiliary supports 300a, b each have at least one outwardly facing sliding or rolling element 322a, b, here designed as a roller. In the operating state of the assembly cross member 1, the outwardly facing sliding or rolling elements 322a, b rest on a contact surface 105x of the upper flange 105b of the tower head segment 105a facing the tower interior.

[0081] The first and second ends 201, 202 of the main support 200 each have guide surfaces 231, 232, 233, 234 that open downwards in the operating state. The respective second ends 302a, b of the two auxiliary supports 300a, b also each have at least one guide surface 331a, b that opens downwards in the operating state. The respective second ends 302a, b of the two auxiliary supports 300a, b each have at least one guide surface 332a, b that points upwards in the operating state.

[0082] The respective second ends 302a, b of the two auxiliary supports 300a, b each have a movable, in particular pivotable, support element 340a, b. The guide surfaces 332a, b, which point upwards in the operating state, and the outwardly pointing sliding or rolling elements 322a, b are preferably arranged on the support element 340a, b. The support element 340a, b can preferably be fixed relative to the respective auxiliary support via a tensioning element 341a, b, such as a turnbuckle. The support elements 340a, b can be moved from an open position (cf. Figure 19 ) into a closed position (cf. Fig. 18 ) and back.

[0083] The respective first ends 301a, b of the two auxiliary supports 300a, b are movably, in particular pivotably, connected to the main support 200.

[0084] At the first and second ends 201, 202 of the main support 200, a holding element 190 is preferably arranged for receiving functional elements, in particular a lifting device, which can be used to transport and position the assembly cross member 1.

[0085] A holding element 192 is preferably arranged centrally on the main support 200 for receiving functional elements. A construction basket 193 can preferably be lowered into the interior of the tower from this.

[0086] The mounting cross member 1 preferably has a cover 99 that is movable together with the mounting cross member 1. The cover 99 has a preferably two-part or multi-part, in particular flexible, cover hood 700 and a cover frame 600, which is particularly designed to fix the cover hood 700.

[0087] The cover frame 600 has a cover ring 610, which in the example shown here has four partial rings 611, 612, 613, 614. Furthermore, the cover frame 600 has a central clamping mandrel 610 with a clamping plate 622, wherein the clamping plate is arranged between a lower clamping mandrel section 621 and an upper clamping mandrel section 623.

[0088] The cover frame 600 further comprises two clamping brackets 630, each of which preferably extends over at least a portion of the main beam 200, starting from its first and second ends, respectively. This keeps the travel path of the trolleys 410, 420 clear by supporting the cover 700 above the main beam 200 by the clamping brackets.

[0089] The cover 700 preferably has a plurality of closable openings 710, for example in the form of zippers. Furthermore, fastening elements 720 in the form of openings are formed on the cover 700, into which complementary fastening elements can engage, with which the cover 700 can be fastened to the cover frame 600.

[0090] An exemplary method 1000 for pulling cable-shaped elements, in particular tendons 800, along a tower 102 of a wind turbine can, for example, proceed as described below. The sequence of method steps described here is preferred, but may also be different.

[0091] First, a mounting crossbeam 1 is placed 1001 on a tower head 105 of the tower 102. Then, a positioning 1002 of the mounting crossbeam 1 takes place at a desired circumferential position. This is, for example, in Figure 5shown, where two operators grasp the auxiliary supports 300a, b by the handles 90 and rotate the assembly cross member 1. The movement of the assembly cross member in the circumferential direction can also be carried out or supported by a drive, preferably an electric one.

[0092] Once the desired circumferential position has been reached, the locking 1003 of the assembly cross member 1 takes place, in particular by means of the locking elements 240 in the openings of the upper flange 105b of the tower head segment 105a.

[0093] Then, a lifting device, for example a winch, is arranged 1004 on the first and / or second trolley 410, 420, followed by the hoisting 1005 of a first end of the cable-shaped element, in particular the tendon 800, up to the tower head 105 by means of the assembly crossbeam 1, in particular by means of a lifting device arranged on one of the trolleys, for example in the form of a winch. This is followed by the arrangement and / or fixing 1006 of a second end of a cable-shaped element, in particular a tendon 800, at the tower base.

[0094] After arranging 1007 a prestressing jack 530 on the first and / or second trolley 410, 420, in particular in the case of prestressing elements 800, the prestressing 1008 of the prestressing element 800 is carried out by means of the prestressing jack 530. Finally, the first end of the cable-shaped element, in particular of the prestressing element 800, is fixed 1009 to the tower head 105.

[0095] In particular, steps 1002, 1003 and 1006, 1008 and 1009 are preferably carried out as often as necessary to tension all tendons 800 of a tower 102.

Claims

1. An assembly crossbeam (1) for placing on a tower top, in particular on a tower top (105) of a tower (102) of a wind turbine (100), the assembly crossbeam (1) comprising: - a main girder (200) having a first and a second end (201, 202), - two auxiliary girders (300a, b), each having a first and a second end (301a, b, 302a, b), wherein the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) are positioned on either side (200a, b) of the main girder (200) with their respective first ends (301a, b) at the center of the main girder (200), - wherein a first trolley (410) is arranged on the main girder (200) so as to be movable along at least a first portion (210) of the main girder (200), - wherein a second trolley (420) is arranged on the main girder (200) so as to be movable along at least a second portion (220) of the main girder (200) - characterized in that the first trolley (410) is arranged on an underside (200u) of the main girder (200) and the second trolley (420) is arranged on a top side (200o) of the main girder (200).

2. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that the first and the second ends (201, 202) of the main girder (200) and the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) are designed to be arranged on a tower top (105) so as to be movable, in particular movable in the circumferential direction.

3. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second ends (201, 202) of the main girder (200) and / or the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) each have at least one sliding or rolling element (221, 321a, b) which points downward in the operating state, and / or characterized in that the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) each have at least one outward-pointing sliding or rolling element (322a, b).

4. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective first ends (301a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) are connected movably, in particular pivotably, to the main girder (200).

5. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second ends (201, 202) of the main girder (200) and / or the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) each have at least one guide face (231, 232, 233, 234, 331a, b) which opens at the bottom in the operating state, and / or characterized in that the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) each have at least one guide face (332a, b) which points upward in the operating state.

6. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second ends (201, 202) of the main girder (200) and / or the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) each have at least one locking element (240) for locking the main girder (200) on a tower top (105).

7. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) each have a movable, in particular pivotably arranged support element (340a, b) on which preferably the guide faces (332a, b) which point upward in operating state and / or the outward-pointing sliding or rolling elements (322a, b) are arranged.

8. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance between the first end of the main girder and the center (222) of the main girder (200) is variable, and / or characterized in that a distance between the second end of the main girder and the center (222) of the main girder (200) is variable, and / or characterized in that a distance between the respective second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) and the center (222) of the main girder (200) is variable.

9. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main girder (200) and / or the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) are configured as telescopic girders, and / or characterized in that the first and / or the second ends (201, 202) of the main girder (200) are arranged so as to be displaceable on extension portions of the main girder (200) and can be fixed at different positions, and / or characterized in that the second ends (302a, b) of the two auxiliary girders (300a, b) are arranged on extension portions of the auxiliary girders (300a, b) and can be fixed at different positions.

10. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a holding element (190) is arranged at each of the first and second ends (201, 202) of the main girder (200) for receiving function elements, and / or characterized in that a holding element is arranged centrally on the main girder (200) for receiving function elements, and / or characterized in that the first and / or the second trolley (410, 320) has holding elements for receiving function elements.

11. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first trolley (410) is arranged between the first end (201) of the main girder (200) and a center (222) of the main girder (200), and the second trolley (420) is arranged between the second end (202) of the main girder (200) and the center (222) of the main girder (200); and / or characterized in that both trolleys (410, 420) are arranged between the first end (201) of the main girder (200) and a center (222) of the main girder (200); and / or characterized in that the first and / or the second trolley (410, 420) is releasably arranged on the main girder (200), and / or characterized in that the first and / or the second trolley (420, 420) is positionable in at least two different positions on the main girder (200).

12. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a cover (99), wherein preferably the cover (99) has a preferably two-piece or multipiece, in particular flexible cover hood (700), and a cover frame (600) which in particular is configured for fixing the cover hood.

13. The assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover frame (600) has a preferably four-piece cover ring (10), and / or characterized in that the cover frame (600) has a central clamping mandrel (610), preferably with a clamping plate (622), and / or characterized in that the cover frame (600) has two clamping brackets (630), which each extend preferably over at least a portion of the main girder (200) starting from its first or second end respectively.

14. A method (1000) for drawing in cable-like elements, in particular tendons (800), along a tower, in particular a tower (102) of a wind turbine, the method comprising: - placing (1001) an assembly crossbeam (1) as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims on a tower top (105) of the tower (102), - arranging (1004) a lifting tool on the first and / or second trolley (410, 420), - pulling (1005) a first end of the cable-like element up to the tower top (105) by means of the assembly crossbeam (1).

15. The method (1000) as claimed in the preceding claim, wherein the cable-like element is a tendon (800), the method comprising: - positioning (1002) the assembly crossbeam (1) at a desired circumferential position, and / or - locking (1003) the assembly crossbeam (1), and / or - arranging and / or fixing (1006) a second end of the tendon (800) to the tower base, and / or - arranging (1007) a prestressing jack (530) on the first and / or second trolley (410, 420), and / or - prestressing (1008) the tendon (800) by means of the prestressing jack (530), and / or - fixing (1009) the first end of the tendon (800) to the tower top (105).