PROTECTIVE DEVICE

Description

State of the art

[0001] A protective device, in particular a plant protection device, for protecting at least one cultivated plant has already been proposed, comprising a protective unit having at least one protective element for protecting the at least one cultivated plant from at least one weather condition and / or pest infestation, and comprising a support structure for supporting the at least one protective element. The document DE 10 2012 016807 A1 discloses a PV generator on ground support elements, comprising a protective unit having protective elements, and a support structure for supporting the protective elements. The protective elements are each at least partially designed as a solar element for energy conversion. The support structure has two support planes, which are arranged tilted relative to one another and are each provided for supporting at least one solar element.At least two of the protective elements designed as solar elements are each arranged on support planes tilted relative to each other. Advantages of the invention

[0002] The invention is based on a protective device, in particular a plant protection device, according to claim 1.

[0003] It is proposed that the at least one protective element is designed as a solar element for energy conversion.

[0004] In particular, the at least one cultivated plant is formed from a cultivated useful plant. Preferably, the at least one cultivated plant is a plant that has been purposefully cultivated, cultivated, and / or bred as a useful plant. Preferably, the at least one cultivated plant is intended to grow at least partially shaded, in particular in partial shade. In particular, the at least one cultivated plant is formed from a forest fruit and / or a vegetable, preferably a partial shade vegetable.

[0005] Preferably, the forest fruit is in the form of a blackberry, rosehip, raspberry, elderberry, cranberry, sea buckthorn, sloe, juniper berry, hawthorn, and / or another fruit known to a person skilled in the art that is intended to grow in at least partial shade. Preferably, the partial shade vegetable is in the form of white cabbage, chard, beetroot, kohlrabi, radish, lettuce, lamb's lettuce, spinach, bush beans, turnip greens, kale, Asian lettuce, broccoli, cauliflower, arugula, peas, leeks, onions, carrots, parsnips, radishes, Brussels sprouts, garlic, and / or another partial shade vegetable known to a person skilled in the art. Advantageously, the crop can also be a grapevine, and the fruits to be protected can be grapes.

[0006] A "weather condition" preferably includes solar radiation, precipitation, wind speed, air temperature, and / or air humidity. Precipitation preferably includes rain, hail, and / or snow. The protective device is preferably designed to protect the at least one crop from flying pests, particularly pests that occur in swarms.

[0007] In particular, the at least one solar element is intended to convert electromagnetic radiation, in particular solar radiation energy, into thermal and / or electrical energy. The solar element is preferably designed as a photovoltaic module. The at least one solar element is preferably intended to be mounted on the support structure.

[0008] According to the invention, it is proposed that the support structure has at least two support planes which are arranged tilted relative to one another and are each provided for supporting at least one solar element.

[0009] In particular, the support structure has at least two rafter elements. The support structure preferably has at least one rafter element and at least one further rafter element. The at least one rafter element and the at least one further rafter element are preferably arranged tilted relative to one another in an assembled state. As an alternative to a rafter element, other support elements that appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art are also conceivable, such as in particular plate elements. Furthermore, the support structure has at least two support elements. The at least two support elements are intended to support at least one of the at least two rafter elements on a support surface, preferably the ground. The at least two rafter elements and the at least two support elements preferably form a support structure.The support structure has, in particular, at least two support structures, preferably at least one support structure and at least one further support structure. The at least two support structures preferably span the at least two mutually tilted support planes, particularly in an assembled state of the support structure. At least one rafter element of at least one support structure and at least one rafter element of at least one further support structure are aligned at least substantially parallel to one another in the assembled state of the support structure. "Substantially parallel" is understood here to mean, in particular, an alignment of a direction relative to a reference direction, in particular in a plane, wherein the direction has a deviation from the reference direction of, in particular, less than 8°, advantageously less than 5°, and particularly advantageously less than 2°.At least one further rafter element of the at least one support structure and at least one further rafter element of the at least one further support structure are preferably aligned at least substantially parallel to one another in the assembled state of the support structure. The support structure preferably has at least two support elements. Furthermore, the support structure preferably has at least one support element and at least one further support element, which are intended to transmit a weight force from the at least one solar element to a further component of the support structure. The at least one support element is preferably intended to be connected to the at least one rafter element of the at least one support structure and to the at least one rafter element of the at least one further support structure.Preferably, a main extension axis of the at least one support element runs at least substantially parallel to an intersection line of the at least one support plane with the at least one further support plane. A "main extension axis" of an object is understood to mean, in particular, an axis that runs parallel to a longest edge of a smallest geometric cuboid that just completely encloses the object. Preferably, a main extension axis of the at least one further support element runs at least substantially parallel to at least one ridge line of the support structure. Particularly preferably, the main extension axis of the at least one support element runs at least substantially parallel to the at least one support plane.Preferably, the at least one further support element runs at least substantially parallel to an intersection line of the at least one support plane with the at least one further support plane. Preferably, the at least one further support element runs at least substantially parallel to the at least one ridge line of the support structure. Particularly preferably, the main extension axis of the at least one further support element runs at least substantially parallel to the at least one support plane. Furthermore, the support structure has at least two wind bracing elements which are intended to connect at least two support structures in a diagonal bracing, a zigzag bracing or a cross bracing, i.e. in particular to connect at least two support elements which are aligned at least substantially perpendicular to a support surface and parallel to one another in a diagonal direction.The expression "substantially perpendicular" is intended here to define in particular an orientation of a direction relative to a reference direction, wherein the direction and the reference direction, in particular viewed in a projection plane, enclose an angle of 90° and the angle has a maximum deviation of in particular less than 8°, advantageously less than 5° and particularly advantageously less than 2°.

[0010] In particular, the at least two wind bracing elements are intended to stabilize the at least two support structures relative to one another. In particular, the wind bracing elements are intended to at least reduce relative twisting of the two support structures relative to one another.

[0011] In particular, the support structure has a gable roof-like structure. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the support structure to be designed as another roof structure known to those skilled in the art, such as a pent roof structure or an arched roof structure or the like. The design according to the invention makes it possible to provide an advantageously stable protective device. An advantageously low-cost construction can be achieved, particularly with a simple design and high weather resistance. Furthermore, an enclosed space can be advantageously used efficiently.

[0012] According to the invention, it is proposed that the at least two protective elements designed as solar elements are each arranged on support planes tilted relative to one another. In particular, the at least two support elements are each provided to accommodate at least one of the at least two solar elements, preferably at least substantially parallel to a support plane. Preferably, the at least one support element is provided to accommodate at least one solar element parallel to the at least one support plane. Furthermore, the at least one further support element is provided to accommodate at least one further solar element at least substantially parallel to the at least one further support plane.In particular, a surface normal of the at least one solar element, which is preferably arranged on the at least one support plane, runs transversely to a surface normal of the at least one further solar element, which is preferably arranged on the at least one further.

[0013] support plane. "Transverse" is to be understood here in particular as an orientation of a direction and / or an axis relative to a reference direction and / or a reference axis, wherein the orientation of the direction and / or the axis is at least different from an at least substantially parallel orientation to the reference direction and / or the reference axis and is in particular skewed or perpendicular to the reference direction and / or the reference axis. Preferably, the surface normal of the at least one solar element, in an assembled state of the at least one solar element, is aligned at least substantially parallel to a surface normal of the at least one support plane. Preferably, the surface normal of the at least one further solar element, in an assembled state of the at least one solar element, is aligned at least substantially parallel to a surface normal of the at least one support plane.The inventive design of the protective device allows for the solar elements to be advantageously aligned in an east-west direction. This allows for a beneficially high overall economic yield. Furthermore, potential snow loads can be reduced.

[0014] According to the invention, it is proposed that the at least two solar elements delimit an air circulation opening. In particular, the at least two solar elements are arranged at a distance from one another in a plane perpendicular to the at least one ridge line of the support structure. Preferably, the smallest distance between the at least two solar elements is designed as an air circulation opening. According to the invention, the air circulation opening is formed by a gap between the at least two solar elements along an axis perpendicular to a vertical axis. Preferably, the vertical axis runs at least substantially perpendicular to the ridge line and / or the longitudinal axis of the protective device. In particular, the vertical axis runs at least substantially parallel to at least one of the at least two support elements. Particularly preferably, the vertical axis runs at least substantially perpendicular to the support surface.A smallest distance between the at least two solar elements, measured along the axis perpendicular to the vertical axis of the protective device, is in particular greater than 20 cm, preferably greater than 40 cm, more preferably greater than 60 cm and particularly preferably greater than 80 cm. Furthermore, the smallest distance forming the air circulation opening is in particular less than 150 cm, preferably less than 130 cm, preferably less than 110 cm and particularly preferably less than 90 cm. The design of the protective device according to the invention can advantageously prevent heat build-up. A chimney effect can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner. Furthermore, an advantageously efficient and / or energy-saving air movement can be provided.

[0015] According to the invention, it is further proposed that at least one further protective element be arranged at the air circulation opening. In particular, the at least one further protective element is designed as a flexible element. Preferably, the at least one further protective element is designed as a film, a cloth, and / or a net. In a functional state, the at least one further protective element is preferably designed below or above the air circulation opening. Particularly preferably, the at least one further protective element is arranged at a distance from the support structure and / or the at least two solar elements in the functional state.Preferably, the at least one further protective element in the functional state has a smallest distance, in particular measured along an axis parallel to the vertical axis of the protective device, to at least one of the at least two solar elements, which is greater than in particular 7 cm, preferably 10 cm, preferably 15 cm and particularly preferably 20 cm.

[0016] In particular, the at least one further protective element is wider than the air circulation opening in the functional state. Preferably, the at least one further protective element in the functional state has a maximum extension along the axis perpendicular to the vertical axis that is in particular at least 20% larger, preferably at least 30% larger, and preferably at least 50% larger than the maximum extension of the air circulation opening in the functional state of the at least two solar elements. The inventive design makes it possible to achieve protection against weather influences and / or pests while maintaining the air circulation opening. Advantageously, protective effects can be combined.

[0017] It is further proposed that the at least one further protective element has a connection to the support structure in a functional state, in particular the one already mentioned above. In particular, the at least one further protective element is connected to the support structure in a non-destructively detachable manner. Preferably, the at least one further protective element is connected to the support structure in a tool-free detachable and / or connectable manner. Preferably, the at least one further protective element is connected to the support structure by means of a hook connection or a clamp connection. In particular, the support structure has a connecting means receiving area. The connecting means receiving area is preferably provided to receive a connecting means for connecting the at least one further protective element to the support structure.The inventive design of the protective device allows for easy retrofitting of at least one additional protective element. An additional protective element can be provided that can be advantageously used depending on the weather conditions. Furthermore, the light intensity entering through the air circulation opening can be advantageously varied by varying the additional protective element.

[0018] Furthermore, it is proposed that at least one further protective element is designed as a net. In particular, the at least one further protective element is designed as a fly net and / or mosquito net. In particular, the net has a mesh size of in particular less than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm, preferably less than 0.8 mm, and in particular greater than 0.5 mm. The net preferably has a light transmittance of in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, and particularly preferably at least 75% relative to a light intensity on a surface of the at least one additional protective element. The design of the protective device according to the invention makes it possible to achieve particularly advantageously effective protection against pests. Protection against a swarm of pests, in particular a swarm of vinegar flies, can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner.

[0019] It is further proposed that the at least two support planes are each provided to accommodate at least two solar elements at least substantially parallel to a transverse axis and / or at least two solar elements at least substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the respective support plane. Preferably, a transverse axis of the at least one support plane runs at least substantially parallel to a main extension axis of the at least one rafter element. Preferably, a transverse axis of the at least one further support plane runs at least substantially parallel to a main extension axis of the at least one further rafter element. Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the at least two support planes runs parallel to the ridge line of the support structure.Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the at least two support planes runs at least substantially perpendicular to at least one of the at least two transverse axes and at least substantially parallel to at least one of the at least two support planes. Particularly preferably, the longitudinal axis of the at least two support planes forms a longitudinal axis of the support structure. In particular, at least two solar elements mounted parallel to the longitudinal axis are arranged next to one another at least substantially without a spacing. Preferably, the at least two solar elements mounted parallel to the longitudinal axis have a smallest spacing from one another of in particular at most 10 cm, preferably at most 8 cm, preferably at most 6 cm, particularly preferably at most 4 cm, and advantageously at most 2 cm.Preferably, the at least two solar elements arranged at least substantially parallel to one of the at least two transverse axes have a minimum distance of in particular at least 30 cm, preferably at least 40 cm, particularly preferably at least 50 cm, and particularly preferably at least 60 cm from one another. Preferably, the at least two solar elements are arranged at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and / or transverse axis on a common line which runs at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and / or transverse axis. In particular, at least two solar elements arranged adjacently along an axis parallel to one of the at least two transverse axes at least partially delimit an air circulation opening. The design according to the invention enables the protective device to be used in a space-efficient and / or material-saving manner. Advantageously, large areas can be protected cost-effectively.Furthermore, it is advantageously possible to easily adapt the protective device to, in particular, the size of a field to be planted and / or the nature of the soil.

[0020] It is further proposed that the protective device comprises at least eight solar elements. Preferably, at least two of the at least eight solar elements are received at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis on the at least one support plane. Preferably, at least two further ones of the at least eight solar elements are received at least substantially parallel to the at least one transverse axis of the at least one support plane. Furthermore, preferably at least two other solar elements of the at least eight solar elements are received at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis on the at least one further support plane. Preferably, at least two other further ones of the at least eight solar elements are received at least substantially parallel to the at least one further transverse axis of the at least one further support plane.The inventive design allows for a protective effect to be scaled advantageously depending on external parameters, such as planting distance and / or plant height. Large areas can be protected advantageously and cost-effectively.

[0021] It is further proposed that the support structure, in an assembled state, in particular the one already mentioned, has a maximum height of 4.5 m. In the assembled state, the support structure preferably has a maximum height above ground of 4.5 m. In the assembled state, the support structure preferably has a height of in particular at most 4 m, preferably at most 3.5 m, preferably at most 3 m and particularly preferably at most 2.5 m. The design according to the invention can provide an advantageously high protective effect. It is advantageously possible to drive under the protective device with work machines. A forest climate can be created particularly advantageously. Partial shade can be provided particularly advantageously in order to achieve a high harvest yield from partial shade plants such as forest fruits and / or partial shade vegetables.A high harvest yield from partial shade plants can be combined with advantageously high electrical energy generation and / or optimized. The overall height according to the invention can create an advantageously dark and / or protected environment for partial shade plants and / or enable cultivation with work machines. Furthermore, protection for workers, in particular for pickers, can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner. A working environment that is largely independent of the weather can advantageously be created, in particular with advantageous ventilation. Furthermore, it is proposed that the support structure have a support width of at least 1.4 m to a maximum of 9 m. In particular, the support width is a smallest distance between the at least two support elements of a support structure.Preferably, the at least two support elements, in the assembled state of the support structure and / or the carrier structure, have a smallest spacing from a value range of 1.4 m to 9 m. The design according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to protect a large number of rows of plants with one carrier structure. Care and / or harvesting can advantageously be carried out mechanically. A particularly advantageously low level of manual care and / or harvesting work is required. Furthermore, a particularly advantageously high land utilization can be achieved through a combination of crops and electrical energy generation. Cultivation areas with dual benefits can be provided. A support width greater than 2 m and in particular greater than 3 m and particularly preferably greater than 4 m is particularly suitable for protecting several rows of plants in that the support width extends over several rows.Grape vines and grapes can be particularly advantageously protected with an appropriate protective device.

[0022] It is further proposed that the support planes, in an assembled state, have a relative tilt angle to one another within a value range of 144° to 164°. Preferably, the at least two rafter elements, in the assembled state of the at least one support structure, have a roof pitch angle within a value range of 8° to 18°. The inventive design of the protective device makes it possible to achieve an advantageously high level of protection. An advantageously small wind attack surface can be provided. Furthermore, an advantageously high energy generation efficiency can be achieved. The solar elements can advantageously generate electrical energy over a wide solar zenith angle.

[0023] It is further proposed that the protective device comprise a rainwater collection unit. In particular, the rainwater collection unit is preferably arranged, in the assembled state of the protective device, at least partially in an eaves region of the at least one protective element. The rainwater collection unit preferably comprises at least one rainwater collection element configured as a gutter. The rainwater collection unit is particularly intended to receive rainwater collected by the at least one protective element and to feed it to a rainwater collection tank. Furthermore, the rainwater collection unit preferably comprises an electrically operated pump.

[0024] The electrically operated pump is preferably designed to pump rainwater to a point of need, in particular to at least one cultivated plant. Furthermore, the electric pump is preferably designed to be operated with an electrical current generated by the at least one solar element of the protective device. The design according to the invention enables an advantageously simple and / or efficient use of rainwater. Collected rainwater can advantageously be supplied to a cultivated plant in a controlled manner. A continuous and / or demand-based delivery of water to the at least one cultivated plant can be achieved.

[0025] It is further proposed that the protective device comprise at least one planting unit, which is intended to arrange the at least one cultivated plant at a distance from a substrate and is in particular arranged on the support structure. Growth of cultivated plants can advantageously be achieved independently of the quality of the soil forming the substrate of the protective device. This advantageously makes it possible to open up new areas for the rearing and / or cultivation of cultivated plants, in particular advantageously independent of environmental conditions such as shade and soil quality. Contamination of the soil forming the substrate of the protective device by a fertilizer or a pesticide or the like used for the growth of the cultivated plants can advantageously be reduced or prevented.Advantageously, simple and rapid harvesting by hand can be made possible, in particular because crops held by the planting unit can be arranged at a higher level, thereby enabling harvesting while standing / walking. The planting unit is preferably arranged at least for the most part, in particular at least substantially completely, between the ground and the protective unit. The planting unit is preferably fastened to the support structure, in particular to support elements of the support structure, for example via a screw connection, a holding device, in particular holding extensions, a plug-in connection or the like. The planting unit preferably extends at least for the most part, in particular at least substantially completely, over a maximum longitudinal extent of the support structure and / or the protective unit.Particularly preferably, the planting unit, in particular a main extension axis of the planting unit, extends at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the protective device. In particular, the planting unit is provided to hold plant soil for cultivating the at least one cultivated plant. Preferably, the planting unit is provided to arrange a plurality of cultivated plants, the plant soil intended for their cultivation, and the water used for their cultivation at a distance from the ground. The ground preferably has the support surface. In particular, the protective device is arranged on the ground via the support structure, in particular erected on the ground.Particularly preferably, the support structure, in particular the support elements of the support structure on which the planting unit is arranged, is provided to carry and / or support an entire weight of the planting unit, the cultivated plants held via the planting unit, the plant soil provided for the cultivation of the cultivated plants and / or the water used for the cultivation of the cultivated plants.

[0026] It is further proposed that the planting unit comprise at least one planting element, in particular a planting box, for receiving the at least one cultivated plant, which is arranged at a distance from the substrate. This can advantageously achieve a large exposed area of ​​the substrate. This can advantageously enable high space utilization efficiency, for example for cultivating other plants or the like beneath the protective device, in particular the planting element. Preferably, the at least one planting element is provided for receiving the cultivated plants arranged in a row arrangement, wherein in particular the cultivated plants arranged in the at least one planting element are arranged at a distance from the substrate.In particular, the at least one planting element is arranged, in particular fastened, to the support structure, in particular to support elements of the support structure, and arranged at a distance from the ground. The planting device preferably comprises a plurality of planting elements, which are arranged, in particular, in several rows aligned at least substantially parallel to one another.

[0027] It is also proposed that the at least one planting element, in particular the planting elements of the planting unit each extend at least substantially parallel to a longitudinal extent of the support structure and / or the protective unit over a distance of at least two, in particular three, successively arranged support elements of the support structure. This can enable advantageously simple irrigation, fertilization and / or treatment of crops held via the planting unit. Advantageously simple fastening of the planting unit to support elements of the support structure can be achieved. This advantageously enables low manufacturing and assembly costs, in particular since additional holding means can be omitted. In particular, the at least one planting element is designed as a trough-shaped container.In particular, the longitudinal extent of the support structure and / or the protective unit is arranged at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support structure and / or to the row arrangement, in particular the rows, of the cultivated plants. The planting unit is preferably formed from a plurality of rows of planting elements arranged at least substantially parallel to one another. It is conceivable for the at least one planting element to extend at least largely, in particular at least substantially completely, over a maximum longitudinal extent of the support structure and / or the protective unit. In particular, the planting element(s) has / have a maximum longitudinal extent, which is arranged in particular at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal extent of the protective unit and / or the support structure, of at least 1.50 m, preferably at least 2 m and more preferably at least 3 m.It is conceivable for the individual rows to each comprise at least two or more planting elements arranged coaxially with one another. Particularly preferably, the at least one planting element is provided to accommodate cultivated plants and plant soil intended for cultivating the cultivated plants. Preferably, all cultivated plants held via the planting unit are at least partially arranged in the planting elements and in particular are held by them. The planting elements are in particular each arranged between at least two support elements of the support structure and preferably fastened to the support elements. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one planting element encloses at least one support element of the support structure on which the planting element is arranged and / or fastened, at least for the most part, in particular at least substantially completely, in at least one horizontal line viewed through the support element.In particular, a volume delimited by the at least one planting element for accommodating the at least one cultivated plant and / or plant soil extends at least substantially completely around the at least one support element in at least one horizontal direction as viewed through the support element. For example, the planting element delimits at least one passage which extends completely over a maximum height of the planting element and which is provided for accommodating a support element of the support structure. The planting elements and / or the rows of planting elements, in particular main extension axes of the planting elements, are preferably each arranged at least substantially parallel to a horizontal direction, the support surface and / or the subsoil.The planting elements and / or the rows of planting elements preferably have a uniform minimum distance from the ground, in particular from the support surface.

[0028] Preferably, the minimum distance of the planting elements from the ground, in particular from the support surface, is at least 5 cm, preferably at least 10 cm and more preferably at least 15 cm. In particular, at most one, in particular exactly one, planting element is arranged on a support element of the carrier structure. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable for the planting unit to comprise more than one level of planting elements, wherein in particular two or more planting elements are arranged, in particular fastened, on the support elements of the carrier structure, which are preferably arranged one above the other between the ground and the protective unit. In particular, the planting elements arranged one above the other each have a different minimum distance from the ground, in particular from the support surface.Preferably, the planting elements arranged one above the other extend at least substantially parallel to one another and preferably at least substantially parallel to a horizontal plane, the support surface, and / or the subsoil. The planting element(s) preferably have a square or round basic shape, viewed in a cross-sectional area arranged perpendicular to their main extension axis, which is at least partially open, in particular in a direction away from the subsoil.

[0029] For example, the planting element(s) is / are made of a plastic, in particular a weather-resistant and / or weatherproof plastic, and / or sheet metal. Particularly preferably, the cultivated plants arranged in rows are arranged in the rows of planting elements. In particular, an arrangement of the rows of planting elements, in particular relative to the support structure, corresponds at least substantially to the row arrangement of the cultivated plants. It is conceivable that the planting element(s) is / are each intended to accommodate a plurality of plant pots with cultivated plants and plant soil or the like. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the planting element(s) are / are formed in multiple parts, in particular along the maximum longitudinal extent of the support structure and / or the protective unit.

[0030] It is further proposed that the planting unit comprise at least one channel element which is intended to collect wastewater and to drain it away in a directed manner, in particular at least substantially parallel to a main axis of extension of the planting unit and / or a planting element of the planting unit, on which in particular the channel element is arranged. This can advantageously enable simple irrigation, fertilization and / or treatment of cultivated plants held via the planting unit. Washing out of plant soil when watering the cultivated plants can advantageously be prevented. Recycling of the wastewater can advantageously be enabled. Flowing of the wastewater into the soil forming the base of the protective device can advantageously be prevented."Wastewater" is understood to mean, in particular, liquid, especially water, fertilizer, and / or pesticides, not absorbed by the crops and / or the soil surrounding the crops during cultivation. In particular, the wastewater settles at the bottom of the planting elements. A "channel element" is understood to mean, in particular, a structural unit that is at least partially intended to guide a fluid, in particular a liquid, and that, viewed in a flow direction, directly encloses the fluid at least partially, preferably on three sides and particularly advantageously at least largely. Preferably, a main extension of the channel element is aligned parallel to the flow direction of the fluid and is at least twice, in particular at least five times, and advantageously at least ten times longer than at least one cross-sectional extension of the channel element.Preferably, the at least one channel element is provided to prevent wastewater from flowing onto the subsoil, in particular into the soil forming the subsoil. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one channel element is provided to collect and / or drain the wastewater at least substantially separately from the cultivated plants. Preferably, the at least one channel element is arranged on the at least one planting element of the planting unit. It is conceivable that the at least one channel element is formed integrally with at least one planting element of the planting unit. Advantageously, the term "integral" should also be understood to mean "one-piece." The term "one-piece" should in particular be understood to mean "formed in one piece."Preferably, this one piece is produced from a single blank, a mass and / or a cast, particularly preferably using an injection molding process, in particular a single-component and / or multi-component injection molding process. Alternatively, it is conceivable for the at least one channel element to be fastened to at least one planting element of the planting unit. In particular, the channel element is arranged on an underside of at least one planting element of the planting unit. It is also conceivable for the channel element to be arranged at a distance below planting elements of the planting unit. Preferably, the at least one channel element is arranged, in particular fastened, to the support structure, in particular a support element of the support structure, in particular via a planting element of the planting unit.Particularly preferably, the planting unit comprises a plurality of channel elements, each of which is arranged and / or formed on planting elements. Preferably, at least one, in particular exactly one, channel element is arranged on each planting element of the planting unit. Preferably, planting elements of the planting unit each delimit at least one passage to an outlet for a fluid on an underside, in particular in the direction of the subsoil, wherein preferably a channel element of the planting unit is arranged in such a way that a fluid flowing through the at least one passage is captured, collected and / or drained away via the channel element. Preferably, the channel element is / are provided to collect wastewater and / or draining fluid from a row of planting elements and to drain it away in a directed manner.It is conceivable that the channel element(s) are / are intended to irrigate crops arranged in planting elements, wherein, for example, wastewater, excess fertilizer, pesticides, or the like are collected in a water stream guided in the channel element(s) and drained via the channel element(s). Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the planting unit comprises at least one further channel element for irrigating crops, which is in particular designed separately from the at least one channel element. For example, the channel element(s) are / are designed from a plastic, in particular a weather-resistant and / or weatherproof plastic, and / or from a sheet metal.It is conceivable that the planting unit comprises at least one filter and / or recycling system for filtering and / or recycling the wastewater, wherein the planting unit is particularly designed to reuse the filtered and / or recycled wastewater for irrigating the crops. Preferably, the channel element(s) are / are arranged at least substantially parallel to the planting element(s) and / or to a horizontal plane, to the support surface and / or to the subsoil. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the channel element(s) are / are arranged inclined relative to a horizontal plane, the support surface and / or the subsoil and are particularly designed to drain the wastewater by gravity.Preferably, the channel element(s) are / are channel-shaped and each have / have, in particular perpendicular to a main extension axis of the channel element(s). Preferably, the channel element(s) each delimit at least one recess. In particular, the recess is at least fluidically connected to passages delimited by the planting element(s). Preferably, a base of a planting element each at least partially delimits a recess delimited by a channel element of the planting unit. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that planting elements of the planting unit are provided for collecting wastewater, for example at a base of the planting elements, and for draining it away in a directed manner. In particular, it is conceivable that the base of the planting elements is designed, in particular via a shape of the base, in such a way that removal of plant soil or the like is prevented.is at least substantially prevented when the wastewater is drained away. In addition, it is conceivable that the planting unit comprises at least one or more filter elements, which are preferably arranged between one of the planting element(s) and the at least one channel element or one of the channel elements. The filter element(s) are / are preferably arranged on the passages delimited by the planting element(s). The filter element(s) are / are preferably provided for filtering wastewater flowing from the at least one planting element into the at least one channel element with regard to plant soil, plant parts or the like. It is conceivable that filter elements and the at least one planting element or the at least one channel element are formed as a single piece.

[0031] Furthermore, a protective device system with at least two protective devices is proposed, wherein the two protective devices have different light transmittances for adaptation to geologically and / or botanically determined parameters. In particular, the at least two protective devices are at least substantially identical in design. Preferably, with an identical design, at most three structural parameters, such as the ridge height, the support width, the tilt angle of the support planes and / or the roof angle of at least one protective device, have a relative deviation from at least three correlating structural parameters of at least one further protective device of in particular at most 20%, preferably at most 15% and more preferably at most 10%. Preferably, at least two protective devices are structurally identical, regardless of the design and / or presence of the at least one further protective element.Preferably, an adjustment of the light transmittance takes place by means of a relative change in a light transmittance characteristic of the at least one protective device relative to the at least one further protective device. Preferably, a light transmittance characteristic is formed by the width of the air circulation opening, the distance between at least two adjacent solar elements that are at least substantially parallel to one of the transverse axes of the respective at least two support planes, the distance between at least two adjacent solar elements that are at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support structure, and / or a cell density of at least one solar element. The light transmittance characteristic of the at least one protective device deviates relative to the light transmittance characteristic of the at least one further protective device by at least 10%, preferably by at least 20%, more preferably by at least 30%, and particularly preferably by at least 40%.Preferably, the adjustment of the light transmittance is provided to adapt the at least one protective device or the at least one further protective device to a geologically determined solar radiation intensity. Furthermore, the at least one protective device or the at least one further protective device is provided to adapt a light transmittance parameter to a life cycle, a metabolism and / or a growth of the at least one cultivated plant. The design according to the invention allows a protective device to be advantageously adapted to external environmental conditions. An optimization of a yield and / or growth behavior of the protected cultivated plant can advantageously be achieved. Furthermore, a protective effect can advantageously be adapted to a solar radiation intensity, in particular depending on a geological location.

[0032] Furthermore, a method is proposed using a protective device according to the invention for protecting at least one row arrangement of at least one cultivated plant, by means of which preferably at least one row arrangement of at least one cultivated plant, in particular of cultivated partial shade vegetables and / or cultivated forest fruits, is protected. The at least one row arrangement of the at least one cultivated plant preferably extends at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support structure. The longitudinal axis of the support structure is preferably aligned at least substantially parallel to a north-south direction. To protect at least a section of the at least one row arrangement of the at least one cultivated plant, the at least one solar element is mounted centrally above the at least one row arrangement of the at least one cultivated plant.The central arrangement of the at least one solar element above at least one section of the row arrangement protects the at least one cultivated plant from direct solar radiation at an azimuth angle of the sun's position in a value range of, in particular, +10° to -10° azimuth, preferably +20° to -20° azimuth, and particularly preferably +30° to -30° azimuth. The inventive design allows the cultivated forest fruits and / or cultivated semi-shaded vegetables to be protected from extreme solar radiation. An advantageous, originally natural location in a forest can be simulated.

[0033] It is further proposed that at least one row arrangement of at least one cultivated plant, in particular of cultivated partial shade vegetables and / or cultivated forest fruits, in particular the one already mentioned above, is protected from hail, rain, sunburn, heat build-up and / or from pests, in particular from a swarm of vinegar flies. The at least one solar element preferably protects at least a section of the at least one row arrangement of the at least one cultivated plant from precipitation and / or electromagnetic radiation, in particular solar radiation. The at least one solar element preferably protects at least a section of the at least one row arrangement of the at least one cultivated plant from rain, dew, hail, snow, sleet and / or intense electromagnetic radiation, in particular solar radiation.The at least one further protective element protects the at least one row arrangement of the at least one cultivated plant, preferably from pests and / or electromagnetic radiation, in particular solar radiation. In particular, the protective device with the at least one further protective element protects the at least one row arrangement of the at least one cultivated plant, preferably from flying swarms of pests. Furthermore, the at least one air circulation opening preferably generates an air flow. The at least one air circulation opening protects the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits from heat build-up. The method according to the invention can maximize overall economic yield. Agricultural and energy yield can advantageously be maximized. Particularly advantageously, sunburn on foliage of the cultivated plant can be largely prevented.Crop failures can be advantageously prevented.

[0034] Furthermore, it is proposed that at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits, in particular cultivated raspberries and / or blackberries, is protected, in particular the one already mentioned above. The at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits preferably extends at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support structure. To protect at least a section of the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits, the at least one solar element is mounted centrally above the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits. The at least one solar element preferably protects at least a section of the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits from precipitation and / or electromagnetic radiation, in particular solar radiation.The at least one solar element preferably protects at least a section of the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits from rain, dew, hail, snow, sleet, and / or intense electromagnetic radiation, in particular solar radiation. The at least one further protective element preferably protects the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits from pests and / or electromagnetic radiation, in particular solar radiation. In particular, the protective device protects the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits from swarms of pests, preferably flying ones. Furthermore, the at least one air circulation opening preferably generates an air flow. The at least one air circulation opening protects the at least one row arrangement of cultivated forest fruits from heat buildup. The method according to the invention can maximize overall economic yield.This can advantageously maximize agricultural and energy yields. Sunburn on the foliage of cultivated forest fruits, such as raspberries and / or blackberries, can be largely prevented. Crop failures can also be advantageously prevented.

[0035] Furthermore, it is proposed that a light transmittance of the protective device be adapted to at least one geologically and / or botanically determined parameter. The light transmittance of the at least one solar element is advantageously adapted by a solar cell density. The solar cell density is preferably adapted as a function of a maximum, geologically determined solar radiation. The solar cell density of a solar element with a solar element area of ​​approximately 2 m² is preferably reduced from 72 solar cells to 60 solar cells per 2 m². In northern latitudes, a larger number of solar cells per solar element is preferably used than in more southern latitudes, in particular with the same solar element area. Furthermore, a light transmittance is varied by changing a distance between at least two adjacent solar elements, in particular between at least two identically constructed protective devices.Furthermore, the light transmittance of the protective device is adapted to the growth behavior, metabolism, and / or life cycle of the at least one crop. The inventive design allows for optimized land use. Crop yield and energy yield can be optimized. Advantageously high field utilization can be achieved.

[0036] The protective device according to the invention is not intended to be limited to the application and embodiment described above. In particular, the protective device according to the invention and / or the protective system according to the invention may have a number of individual elements, components, and units that differs from the number stated herein in order to fulfill a function described herein. Drawings

[0037] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate two exemplary embodiments of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

[0038] They show: Fig. 1 shows a schematic overview of a protective device system according to the invention with two protective devices according to the invention in a functional state, Fig. 2 shows a side view of one of the two protective devices according to the invention in the functional state, Fig. 3 shows a protective device system with two protective devices according to the invention, each with different solar elements, Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a protective device according to the invention and Fig. 5 shows a further alternative embodiment of a protective device according to the invention in a sectional view. Description of the embodiments

[0039] Fig. 1shows a protective device system with two identical protective devices 38 in a functional state. The two protective devices 38 are of identical construction. For the sake of clarity, one of the two protective devices 38 is described below. The protective device 38 is designed as a plant protection device. The protective device 38 protects at least one cultivated plant 10 with two different protective elements 14, 16 of a protective unit 12. The protective device 38 protects the at least one cultivated plant 10 from at least one weather condition and / or pest infestation. Furthermore, the protective device 38 has a support structure 18. The support structure 18 is provided to support first protective elements 14 and further protective elements 16. The first protective elements 14 are designed as solar elements 20, 21 for energy conversion. The solar elements 20, 21 are each designed as photovoltaic elements.

[0040] The support structure 18 of the protective device 38 has three support structures 42 in the present embodiment. A support structure 42 is shown schematically in Figure 2two are shown. The support structures 42 have a gable roof-like structure. The support structure 42 consists of two rafter elements 44 and two support elements 46. The support elements 46 are partially designed as ramming profiles that are intended to be rammed and / or driven into a support surface. The two support elements 46 and the two rafter elements 44 are connected to the support structure 42 in a manner known to those skilled in the art. The support structure 42 has a ridge in which the two rafter elements 44 are connected to one another. In an assembled state of the support structure 42, the two rafter elements 44 are connected to one another at a relative angle of approximately 156°. The two rafter elements 44 each form a roof pitch angle of 12°. A first support element 46 is connected to a first rafter element 44. A second support element 46 is connected to a further rafter element 44.In the assembled state of the support structure 42, the two support elements 46 have a support width that lies in a value range of 1.4 m to 2.8 m. In addition, the support structure 42 has two struts. A first of the two struts is connected to the first support element 46 and the first rafter element 44. A second of the two struts is connected to the second support element 46 and the second rafter element 44. The two struts are intended to stiffen the support structure 42. The three support structures 42 are arranged spaced from one another at a distance within a value range of 4 m to 5 m. The two rafter elements 44 and the two support elements 46 of the three support structures 42 are arranged essentially parallel to one another in an assembled state of the support structure 18. In the assembled state of the support structure 18, the three support structures 42 form a common ridge line.The ridge line forms a longitudinal axis 32 of the support structure 18. In the assembled state of the support structure 18, the ramming profiles are driven into the ground through the support surface. Furthermore, the support structure 18 has torsion elements 58. The torsion elements 58 each connect two support elements 46 of at least two adjacent support structures 42 along a diagonal axis that runs at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 32. In the assembled state, the support structure 18 has a maximum height value parallel to a vertical axis 56 of the protective device 38 above the support surface, ranging from 2.5 m to 4.5 m.

[0041] Furthermore, the support structure 18 has two support planes 22, 24. The two support planes 22, 24 are each provided to support solar elements 20, 21. The three first rafter elements 44 of the three support structures 42 span a first support plane 22. The three second rafter elements 44 of the three support structures 42 span a second support plane 22. The first support plane 22 and the second support plane 22 are arranged tilted relative to one another. In the assembled state of the support structure 18, the two support planes 22, 24 have a relative tilt angle 34 to one another in a value range from 153° to 159°.

[0042] The support structure 18 has four support elements 50, 52. A main extension axis of the four support elements 50, 52 is arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 32 of the support structure 18. Two of the four support elements 50 are arranged in a plane parallel to the first support plane 22. Two further ones of the four support elements 52 are arranged in a plane parallel to the second support plane 24. Two of the four support elements 50 are intended to receive first solar elements 20 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 32 of the support structure 18. The two further ones of the four support elements 52 are intended to receive second solar elements 21 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 32 of the support structure 18. The first solar elements 20 are arranged on the first support plane 22 by means of the two support elements 50.The first solar elements 20 are arranged on the two support elements 50 along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32, essentially without any spacing. Adjacent first solar elements 20 have a maximum spacing from one another, which lies in a value range from 1 cm to 3 cm. The second solar elements 21 are arranged on the second support plane 24 by means of the two further support elements 52. The second solar elements 21 are arranged on the two further support elements 52 along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32, essentially without any spacing. Adjacent second solar elements 21 have a maximum spacing from one another, which lies in a value range from 1 cm to 3 cm.

[0043] Furthermore, the first solar elements 20 and the second solar elements 21 define an air circulation opening 26. In the assembled state of the protective device 38, the smallest distance between the first solar element 20 and the second solar element 21, measured along an axis perpendicular to the vertical axis 56 of the protective device 38, is a value from a range of 55 cm to 65 cm. The first solar elements 20 and the second solar elements 21 are arranged at a distance from one another along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 32 of the support structure 18 and perpendicular to the vertical axis 56 of the protective device 38. The first solar elements 20 and the second solar elements 21 have a smallest distance from one another along an axis perpendicular to a vertical axis 56 of the protective device 38, which distance lies in a range of 50 cm to 70 cm.

[0044] The protective device 38 also has additional protective elements 16. The additional protective elements 16 are each arranged in an eaves region and in a ridge region of the support structure 18. The additional protective elements 16 are formed from a flexible material. In an eaves region, the additional protective element 16 is intended to be arranged on two protective devices 38. The first solar elements 20 of a first protective device 38 form an additional air circulation opening 27 with a second solar element 21 of an adjacent protective device 38. When the additional protective element 16 is in operation, the additional protective element 16 is arranged below the air circulation opening 26, 27. The additional protective element 16 has a greater extent than the air circulation opening 26, 27 in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 32 of the support structure 18.In the functional state, the additional protective element 16 has a minimum distance parallel to the vertical axis 56 of the protective device 38, which distance lies within a value range of 4 cm to 8 cm. Spacing the additional protective element 16 in the functional state of the additional protective element 16 is intended to allow an air flow to pass through the air circulation opening 26, 27. The additional protective element 16 is detachably connected to the support structure 18 by means of a hook connection. Furthermore, the additional protective element 16 is designed as a net. The net is intended to keep out swarms of pests. The mesh size of the net is between 0.6 mm and 1 mm. The net is designed such that a swarm of vinegar flies is prevented from flying through.

[0045] Furthermore, the protective device 38 has a rainwater collection unit 36. The rainwater collection unit 36 ​​has a plurality of gutter elements 54. The gutter elements 54 are arranged on an underside of the solar elements 20, 21. The gutter elements 54 are intended to collect rainwater runoff from the solar elements 20, 21. Furthermore, the gutter elements 54 are intended to direct rainwater into a rainwater collection container (not shown in detail).

[0046] The protective device 38 protects two rows 40 of cultivated forest fruits. The protective device 38 protects the cultivated forest fruits from hail, rain, sunburn, heat buildup, and / or pests, as well as from a swarm of vinegar flies. Furthermore, the cultivated forest fruits are formed from cultivated raspberries and / or blackberries. The protective device 38 protects the two rows 40 of cultivated raspberries and / or blackberries.

[0047] Figure 3 shows an alternative protective device system with the protective device 38 and a further protective device 38a. The further protective device 38a differs partially from the protective device 38. The reference numerals for the further protective device 38a are provided with the suffix a to easily distinguish the protective device 38. The differences between the protective device 38 and the further protective device 38a are described below, whereby with regard to components with the same designation, in particular with regard to components with the same reference numerals, reference is generally also made to the description of the protective device 38 in the Figures 1 and 2can be referred to. The protective device 38 has the support structure 18. The further protective device 38a has a further support structure 18a, which is structurally identical to the support structure 18 of the protective device 38. The solar elements 20, 21 are arranged on the support structure 18 as previously described. Other solar elements 20a, 21a are arranged on the further support structure 18a. The other solar elements 20a, 21a are geometrically designed essentially identically to the solar elements 20, 21. The solar elements 20, 21 have a lower light transmittance relative to the other solar elements 20a, 21a. The solar elements 20, 21 have 72 photovoltaic cells per solar element 20, 21. The other solar elements 20a, 21a have 60 photovoltaic cells per solar element 20a, 21a with the same geometric dimension of the photovoltaic cells and the solar elements 20, 20a, 21, 21a.The other solar elements 20a, 21a have a lower photovoltaic cell density. The solar elements 20, 21 have a higher absorption and a lower transmission of sunlight than the other solar elements 20a, 21a. The photovoltaic cell density is intended to adjust the light transmittance of the solar elements 20, 21 relative to the light transmittance of the other solar elements 20a, 21a, depending on botanical and / or geological parameters, while maintaining a constant geometry of the photovoltaic cell and the solar element 20, 20a, 21, 21a.

[0048] Furthermore, a light transmittance of the further protective device 38a relative to the protective device 38 is adapted to geological and / or botanical parameters by changing the photovoltaic cell density.

[0049] In the Figure 4A further embodiment of the invention is shown. The following descriptions and the drawings are essentially limited to the differences between the embodiments, whereby with regard to components with the same designation, in particular with regard to components with the same reference numerals, reference is also made to the drawings and / or the description of the other embodiments, in particular to the Figures 1 to 3 , can be referred to. To distinguish the embodiments, the letter b is placed after the reference numerals of the second embodiment.

[0050] Figure 4shows an alternatively designed protective device 38b. The protective device 38b has a support structure 18b with three support structures 42b. The support structure 42b has two rafter elements 44b and two support elements 46b. Furthermore, first rafter elements 44b of the three support structures 42b span a first support plane 22b. Furthermore, second rafter elements 44b have a second support plane 24b.

[0051] The support structures 42b have a gable roof-like structure. The support structure 42b consists of two rafter elements 44b and two support elements 46b. The support elements 46b are partially designed as ramming profiles, which are intended to be rammed and / or driven into a ground. The two support elements 46b and the two rafter elements 44b are connected to the support structure 42b in a manner known to those skilled in the art. The support structure 42b has a ridge in which the two rafter elements 44b are connected to one another. In an assembled state of the support structure 42b, the two rafter elements 44b are connected to one another at a relative angle of approximately 156°. The two rafter elements 44b each form a roof pitch angle of 12°. A first support element 46b is connected to a first rafter element 44b. A second support element 46b is connected to another rafter element 44b.In the assembled state of the support structure 42b, the two support elements 46b have a support width that lies in a value range of 6.5 m to 8.5 m. In addition, the support structure 42b has two struts. A first of the two struts is connected to the first support element 46b and the first rafter element 44b. A second of the two struts is connected to the second support element 46b and the second rafter element 44b. The two struts are intended to stiffen the support structure 42b. The three support structures 42b are arranged spaced from one another at a distance within a value range of 4 m to 5 m. The two rafter elements 44b and the two support elements 46b of the three support structures 42b are arranged essentially parallel to one another in an assembled state of the support structure 18b. In the assembled state of the support structure 18b, the ramming profiles are driven into the ground through a support surface.Furthermore, the support structure 18b has twisting elements 58b. The twisting elements 58b each connect two support elements 46b of at least two adjacent support structures 42b along a diagonal axis that runs at least substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis 32b. In the assembled state, the support structure 18b has a maximum height value parallel to a vertical axis 56b of the protective device 38b above the support surface, ranging from 2.5 m to 4.5 m.

[0052] Furthermore, the support structure 18b has two support planes 22b, 24b. The two support planes 22b, 24b are each provided to support protective elements 14b. The protective elements are designed as solar elements 20b, 21b. The three first rafter elements 44b of the three support structures 42b span a first support plane 22b. The three second rafter elements 44b of the three support structures 42b span a second support plane 22b. The first support plane 22b and the second support plane 22b are arranged tilted relative to one another. In the assembled state of the support structure 18b, the two support planes 22b, 24b have a relative tilt angle 34b to one another in a value range from 153° to 159°. The first support plane 22b is intended to receive first solar elements 20b at least substantially parallel to a first transverse axis 28b.The first transverse axis 28b runs parallel to a main extension axis of the first rafter element 44b of the support structure 42b. Furthermore, the second support plane 24b is provided to accommodate second solar elements 21b substantially parallel to a second transverse axis 30b. The second transverse axis 30b runs parallel to a main extension axis of the second rafter element 44b of the support structure 42b.

[0053] The support structure 18b has twelve support elements 50b, 52b. The main extension axes of the twelve support elements 50b, 52b run essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b of the support structure 18b. Six of the twelve support elements 50b are arranged in a plane parallel to the first support plane 22b. Two of the six support elements 50b are each provided to receive first solar elements 20b essentially along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b of the support structure 18b. The first solar elements 20b are arranged adjacent to one another along the axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b. The first solar elements 20b arranged adjacent to one another along the axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b are spaced apart along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b by a distance from a value range between 1 cm and 3 cm.Furthermore, three first support elements 50b, each arranged in pairs, are provided to accommodate first solar elements 20b adjacent to one another along an axis substantially parallel to the first transverse axis 28b. First solar elements 20b arranged adjacent to one another along the axis parallel to the first transverse axis 28b are arranged at a distance from one another. Along an axis parallel to the first transverse axis 28b, two adjacent first solar elements 20b have a distance from a value range of 50 cm to 70 cm. Six further of the twelve support elements 52b are arranged in a plane parallel to the second support plane 24b. Two of the six further support elements 52b are each provided to accommodate second solar elements 21b essentially along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b of the support structure 18b. The second solar elements 21b are arranged adjacent to one another along the axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b.The second solar elements 21b, arranged adjacently along the axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b, have a spacing from a value range between 1 cm and 3 cm along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b. Furthermore, three second support elements 52b, each arranged in pairs, are provided to accommodate first solar elements 20b adjacently along an axis substantially parallel to a second transverse axis 30b. The second transverse axis 30b runs parallel to a main extension axis of the second rafter element 44b of the support structure 42b. Second solar elements 21b arranged adjacently along the axis parallel to the second transverse axis 30b are arranged at a distance from one another. Along an axis parallel to the second transverse axis 30b, two adjacently arranged second solar elements 21b have a spacing from a value range of 50 cm to 70 cm. In an assembled functional state, the protective device 38b has 66 solar elements 20b, 21b.The support structure 18b is intended to accommodate 33 first solar elements 20b on the first support plane 22b. Eleven of the 33 first solar elements 20b are each arranged adjacent to one another along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b. Three rows of eleven first solar elements 20b arranged adjacent to one another parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b are arranged adjacent to one another along an axis parallel to the first transverse axis 28b on the first support plane 22b and spaced parallel to one another. Furthermore, the support structure 18b is intended to accommodate 33 second solar elements 21b on the second support plane 24b. Eleven of the 33 second solar elements 21b are each arranged adjacent to one another along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b.Three rows of eleven second solar elements 21b arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis 32b are arranged parallel to one another along an axis parallel to the second transverse axis 30b on the second support plane 24b and spaced apart from one another.

[0054] The first solar elements 20b and / or the second solar elements 21b define a plurality of air circulation openings 26b. Spacing of adjacent first solar elements 20b along an axis parallel to the first transverse axis 28b and spacing of second solar elements 21b along an axis parallel to the transverse axis 30b are each formed as an air circulation opening 26b. Furthermore, the first solar elements 20b are arranged in a ridge region of the support structure 18b at a distance from the second solar elements 21b. The first solar elements 20b and the second solar elements 21b are arranged at a distance from each other along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 32b of the support structure 18b and perpendicular to the vertical axis 56b of the protective device 38b.In the mounted state of the protective device 38b, the minimum distance between the first solar element 20b and the second solar element 21b, measured along an axis perpendicular to the vertical axis 56b of the protective device 38b, is a value from a range of 55 cm to 65 cm. The first solar elements 20b and the second solar elements 21b have a minimum distance from one another along an axis perpendicular to a vertical axis 56b of the protective device 38b, which distance lies in a range of 50 cm to 70 cm.

[0055] Furthermore, the protective device 38b has further protective elements 16b. The further protective elements 16b are each arranged between two adjacent solar elements 20b, 21b. The further protective elements 16b are formed from a flexible material. The further protective elements 16b are designed as nets. The nets have a mesh size from a mesh size range of 0.6 mm to 1 mm. The net is designed such that a swarm of vinegar flies is prevented from flying through. The nets are arranged below the air circulation openings 26b. When the further protective elements 16b are in a functional state, the further protective elements 16b are arranged below the air circulation opening 26b. The further protective element 16b has a greater extent in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 32b of the support structure 18b than the air circulation opening 26b above it.In the functional state, the additional protective element 16b has a minimum distance parallel to the vertical axis 56b of the protective device 38b, which distance lies within a value range of 4 cm to 8 cm. Spacing the additional protective element 16b in the functional state of the additional protective element 16b is intended to allow an air flow to pass through the air circulation opening 26b. The additional protective element 16b is detachably connected to the support structure 18b by means of a hook connection. The hook elements are intended to accommodate the nets at a distance from the solar elements 20b, 21b. In the assembled state of the protective device 38b, the nets have a minimum distance from the solar elements 20b, 21b, measured along an axis parallel to the vertical axis 56b of the protective device 38b, within a value range of 8 cm to 15 cm.

[0056] The protective device 38b protects several rows 40b of cultivated forest fruits. The protective device 38b protects the cultivated forest fruits from hail, rain, sunburn, heat buildup, and / or pests, as well as from a swarm of vinegar flies. Furthermore, the cultivated forest fruits are formed from cultivated raspberries and / or blackberries. The protective device 38b protects the rows 40b of cultivated raspberries and / or blackberries. The protective device 38b could also be used particularly advantageously to protect grapevines and grapes, in particular by covering several rows.

[0057] In Figure 5A further alternative embodiment of a protective device 38c is shown in a sectional view. The protective device 38c is designed in particular as a plant protection device. The protective device 38c is designed in particular as part of a protective device system. The protective device 38c is provided for protecting crops 10c. The protective device 38c comprises a protective unit 12c, which has a plurality of protective elements 14c for protecting the crops from weather conditions and / or pest infestation. The protective elements 14c are arranged in two rows parallel to a longitudinal axis 32c of the protective device 38c. The protective device 38c comprises a support structure 18c for supporting the protective elements 14c. The protective elements 14c are each designed at least partially as a solar element for energy conversion. The Figure 5The protective device 38c shown has an at least substantially analogous design to that described in the description of Figures 1 to 3 described protective device 38, 38a, so that with regard to an embodiment of the Figure 5 illustrated protective device 38c at least essentially to the description of the Figures 1 to 3 In contrast to the description of the Figures 1 to 3 The protective device 38, 38a described comprises the Figure 5The protective device 38c shown preferably comprises a planting unit 60c, which is arranged on the support structure 18c and is intended to arrange the cultivated plants 10c at a distance from a substrate 62c. Preferably, the planting unit 60c is arranged at least largely, in particular at least substantially completely, between the substrate 62c and the protective unit 12c, in particular protective elements 14c, 16c of the protective unit 12c. Preferably, the planting unit 60c is fastened to the support structure 18c, in particular support elements 46c of the support structure 18c, via a screw connection. Preferably, the planting unit 60c extends at least largely, in particular at least substantially completely, over a maximum longitudinal extent 66 of the support structure 18c and / or the protective unit 12c (see Figure 1). In particular, the planting unit 60c is provided to hold plant soil for cultivating the crop plants 10c. Preferably, the planting unit 60c is provided to arrange a plurality of crop plants 10c, the plant soil intended for their cultivation, and the water used for their cultivation at a distance from the substrate 62c. The substrate 62c preferably has a support surface 72c, via which the protective device 38c is arranged on the substrate 62c. In particular, the protective device 38c is arranged on the substrate 62c via the support structure 18c, in particular the support elements 46c, and in particular is erected on the substrate 62c.Particularly preferably, the support structure 18c, in particular the support elements 64c of the support structure 18c, on which the planting unit 60c is arranged, is intended to carry and / or support the entire weight of the planting unit 60c, the cultivated plants 10c held by the planting unit 60c, the plant soil intended for cultivating the cultivated plants 10c, and / or the water used for cultivating the cultivated plants 10c. The planting unit 60c comprises at least two planting elements 64c, each of which is arranged at a distance from the substrate 62c and each of which extends at least substantially parallel to a longitudinal extension 66 of the support structure 18c and / or the protective unit 12c over a distance 84 from at least two, in particular three, successively arranged support elements 46c of the support structure 18c (cf. Figure 1). In particular, the planting elements 64c extend at least largely over a maximum longitudinal extent 66 of the support structure 18c and the protective unit 12c (cf. Figure 1). The planting elements 64c are each designed, in particular, as a planting box. Preferably, the planting elements 64c are provided to accommodate the cultivated plants 10c arranged in rows, wherein the cultivated plants 10c arranged in the planting elements 64c are arranged, in particular, at a distance from the substrate 62c. In particular, the planting elements 64c are arranged, in particular fastened, on the support structure 18c, in particular the support elements 46c of the support structure 18c, and arranged at a distance from the substrate 62c. The planting elements 64c are each designed in a trough-shaped manner. Preferably, the planting unit 60c is formed from the two planting elements 64c arranged in rows 70c arranged at least substantially parallel to one another.Other configurations of the planting unit 60c are also conceivable, wherein in particular the planting unit 60c is formed from rows 70c formed by more than one planting element 64c. In particular, it is conceivable for the individual rows 70c, 76c of the planting unit 60c to each comprise at least two or more planting elements 64c arranged coaxially with one another. The planting elements 64c are in particular each arranged between at least two support elements 46c of the carrier structure 18c and preferably fastened to the support elements 46c. Preferably, the planting elements 64c at least substantially completely enclose the support elements 46c when viewed horizontally, wherein in particular the cultivated plants 10c are arranged between the support elements 46c along a main extension axis of the planting elements 64c.The planting elements 64c and / or the rows 70c, 76c of planting elements 64c, in particular the main extension axes of the planting elements 64c, are preferably each arranged at least substantially parallel to a horizontal line, the support surface 72c, and the ground 62c. However, it is also conceivable that the planting elements 64c, for example when the protective device 38c is arranged on a slope, are arranged at least substantially parallel to the ground 62c or to a horizontal line. The planting elements 64c and / or the rows 70c, 76c of planting elements 64c preferably have a uniform minimum distance 74c from the ground 62c, in particular from the support surface 72c. Preferably, the minimum distance 74c of the planting elements 64c to the substrate 62c, in particular to the support surface 72c, is at least 5 cm, preferably at least 10 cm and preferably at least 15 cm.It is conceivable that the planting unit 60c comprises more than one level of planting elements 64c, wherein in particular two or more planting elements 64c are arranged, in particular fastened, on the support elements 46c of the carrier structure 18c, which are preferably arranged one above the other between the substrate 62c and the protective unit 12c, in particular the protective elements 14c, 16c of the protective unit 12c (in . Figure 5indicated). In particular, the planting elements 64c arranged one above the other each have a different minimum distance from the substrate 62c, in particular from the support surface 72c. The planting elements 64c arranged one above the other preferably extend at least substantially parallel to one another and preferably at least substantially parallel to a horizontal, the support surface 72c and / or the substrate 62c. The planting elements 64c preferably have a round basic shape, viewed in a cross-sectional area arranged perpendicular to their main extension axis, which is at least partially open, in particular in a direction facing away from the substrate 62c. However, other, in particular angular, designs of the planting elements 64c are also conceivable. The planting elements 64c are preferably made of a plastic, in particular a weather-resistant and / or weatherproof plastic.

[0058] The planting unit 60c comprises a plurality of channel elements 68c, which are intended to collect wastewater and to drain it away in a directed manner, in particular at least substantially parallel to a main extension axis of the planting unit 60c and / or one of the planting elements 64c. The channel elements 68c are each arranged on a planting element 64c of the planting unit 60c. The channel elements 68c are each formed integrally with one of the planting elements 64c. However, it is also conceivable for the channel elements 68c to be formed separately from the planting elements 64c and in particular to be fastened to the planting elements 64c, or for the channel elements 68c to be arranged at a distance from the planting elements 64c and, for example, to be individually fastened to the support elements 46c. The channel elements 68c are each arranged on an underside 78c, in particular on a base, of a planting element 64c.In particular, the underside 78c of the planting elements 64c is each formed as a side of the planting elements 64c facing the substrate 62c. Preferably, the channel elements 68c are arranged, in particular fastened, via the planting elements 64c to the support structure 18c, in particular to a support element 46c of the support structure 18c. However, it is also conceivable for the channel elements 68c each to have at least one fastening means for fastening the channel element 68c and / or the planting element 64c to the support structure 18c, in particular to one of the support elements 46c. Preferably, at least one, in particular exactly one, channel element 68c is arranged on each planting element 46c of the planting unit 60c, which extends / extends at least substantially completely over a main extent of the planting element 64c.Preferably, the planting elements 64c of the planting unit 60c each define, on an underside 78c, in particular in the direction of the substrate 62c, a plurality of passages 80c for draining a fluid, in particular wastewater. The passages 80c are each arranged distributed along a main extension axis of the planting elements 64c, in particular at least substantially uniformly. Preferably, the channel elements 68c are arranged such that a fluid / wastewater draining through the at least one passage 80c is captured, collected, and / or drained via at least one of the channel elements 68c.

[0059] The channel elements 68c are made of a plastic, in particular a weather-resistant and / or weatherproof one. However, other configurations of the channel elements 68c are also conceivable, for example, from sheet metal. It is conceivable that the planting unit 60c comprises at least one filter and / or recycling system for filtering and / or recycling the wastewater (not shown in the figures), wherein the planting unit 60c is particularly intended to reuse the filtered and / or recycled wastewater for irrigating the crops 10c. The channel elements 68c are arranged at least substantially parallel to the planting elements 64c, to a horizontal plane, to the support surface 72c, and / or to the subsurface 62c.Alternatively, it is conceivable that the channel elements 68c are each arranged inclined relative to a horizontal, the support surface 72c and / or the subsurface 62c and are provided in particular for draining the wastewater by gravity. The channel elements 68c are each channel-shaped and each have a square cross-sectional area perpendicular to a main extension axis of the channel element 68c. However, round designs of the channel elements 68c are also conceivable. The channel elements 68c each delimit a recess which extends at least substantially parallel to the main extension axis of the respective channel element 68c and / or one of the planting elements 64c and is provided for conducting the fluid / wastewater. In particular, the recesses are each at least fluidically connected to passages 80c delimited by a planting element 64c of the planting elements 64c arranged at the recess.Preferably, a base of the planting elements 64c each at least partially delimits a recess defined by a channel element 68c of the planting unit 60c. In an embodiment of the planting unit 60c in which the planting unit 60c comprises several rows 70c, 76c of planting elements 64c and channel elements 68c arranged one above the other, it is conceivable that channel elements 68c arranged one above the other (in . Figure 5 shown only for a lower row 70c) are fluidly connected to collect fluid / wastewater from stacked rows 70c, 76c and to discharge and / or filter it together.

[0060] The planting elements 64c delimit a plurality of further passages 82c, which extend completely over a maximum height of the planting elements 64c and which are provided for receiving a support element 46c of the support structure 18c. Preferably, the planting elements 64c each form at least one wall within a limited volume provided for receiving the cultivated plants 10c and plant soil, which separates the volume delimited by the respective planting element 64c from one of the further passages 82c. Preferably, the further passages 82c each extend through a channel element 68c arranged on the respective planting element 64c.Preferably, the channel elements 68c each form at least one wall for each further passage 82c which penetrates the respective channel element 68c, which wall separates a recess delimited by the channel element 68c for conducting the fluid / waste water from one of the further passages 82c. Reference symbol

[0061] 10Crop 12Protection unit 14Protection element 16Protection element 18Support structure 20Solar element 21Solar element 22Support plane 24Support plane 26Air circulation opening 27Air circulation opening 28Transverse axis 30Transverse axis 32Longitudinal axis 34Tilt angle 36Rainwater collection unit 38Protection device 40Row arrangement 42Support structure 44Rafter element 46Support element 50Support element 52Support element 54Gutter element 56Vertical axis 58Twisting element 60Planting unit 62Subsoil 64Planting element 66Longitudinal extension 68Channel element 70Row 72Support surface 74Spacing 76Row 78Underside 80Perforation 82Perforation 84Spacing

Claims

1. Protection device, in particular plant protection device, for protecting at least one cultivated plant (10, 10a; 10b; 10c), with a protection unit (12, 12a; 12b; 12c) comprising at least one protective element (14, 16, 14a, 16a; 14b, 16b; 14c, 16c) for protecting the at least one cultivated plant (10, 10a; 10b; 10c) from at least one weather condition and / or from a pest infestation, and with a support structure (18, 18a; 18b; 18c) for supporting the at least one protective element (14, 16, 14a, 16a; 14b, 16b; 14c, 16c), wherein the at least one protective element (14, 14a; 14b; 14c) is at least partially designed as a solar element (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c) for energy conversion, wherein the support structure (18, 18a; 18b; 18c) comprises at least two support planes (22, 24; 22b, 24b; 22c, 24c) which are arranged tilted relative to one another and are each configured for supporting at least one solar element (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c), wherein the at least two protective elements (14, 16, 14a, 16a; 14b, 16b; 14c, 16c) designed as solar elements (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c) are in each case arranged on the support planes (22, 24; 22b, 24b; 22c, 24c) which are tilted relative to one another, characterized in that the at least two solar elements (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c) delimit an air-circulation opening (26, 27; 26b; 26c) which is formed by a gap between the at least two solar elements (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c) along an axis perpendicular to a vertical axis (56), wherein at least one further protective element (16; 16b; 16c) is arranged at the air-circulation opening (26, 27; 26b; 26c).

2. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one further protective element (16; 16b; 16c) has in a functional state a connection to the support structure (18, 18a; 18b; 18c).

3. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one further protective element (16; 16b; 16c) is embodied as a net.

4. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least two support planes (22, 24; 22b, 24b; 22c, 24c) are in each case configured to receive at least two solar elements (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c) such that they are adjacent to one another at least substantially parallel to a transverse axis (28, 30; 28b, 30b; 28c, 30c), and / or to receive at least two solar elements (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c) such that they are adjacent to one another at least substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis (32; 32b; 32c) of the respective support plane (22, 24; 22b, 24b; 22c, 24c).

5. Protection device according to claim 4, characterized by at least eight solar elements (20, 20a, 21, 21a; 20b, 21b; 20c, 21c).

6. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (18, 18a; 18b; 18c) has in a mounted state a maximum height of 4.5 m.

7. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (18, 18a; 18b; 18c) has a support width of at least 1.4 m to at most 9 m.

8. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support planes (22, 24; 22b, 24b; 22c, 24c) have in a mounted state of the support structure (18, 18a; 18b; 18c) a relative tilt angle (34, 34b; 34c) relative to each other in a value range of 144° to 164°.

9. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, <b>characterized by a rainwater collection unit (36; 36c).

10. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one planting unit (60c) which is configured to arrange the at least one cultivated plant (10c) at a distance from a ground (62c), and which is in particular arranged at the support structure (18c).

11. Protection device according to claim 10, characterized in that the planting unit (60c) comprises at least one planting element (64c), in particular a planting box, for receiving the at least one cultivated plant (10c), said planting element (64c) being arranged at a distance from the ground (62c).

12. Protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one planting element (64c) extends at least substantially parallel to a longitudinal extent (66) of the support structure (18c) and / or of the protection unit (12c) over a distance (84) of at least two, in particular three, support elements (46c) of the support structure (18c) which are arranged one behind the other.

13. Protection device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the planting unit (60c) comprises at least one channel element (68c), which is configured to collect waste water and to discharge the waste water in a directed manner, in particular at least substantially parallel to a main extension axis of the planting unit (60c).

14. Protection device system with at least two protection devices (38, 38a; 38c) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two protection devices (38, 38a; 38c) have different light permeabilities for an adaption to parameters in terms of geology and / or botany.

15. Method with a protection device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least one row arrangement (40; 40b; 40c) of at least one cultivated plant, in particular cultivated half-shade vegetables and / or cultivated forest fruits, is protected by means of the protection device (38, 38a; 38b; 38c).

16. Method with a protection device according to one of claims 1 to 13 or method according to claim 15, characterized in that at least one row arrangement (40; 40b; 40c) of at least one cultivated plant (10, 10a; 10b; 10c), in particular grape vines, cultivated half-shade vegetables and / or cultivated forest fruits, is protected from hail, rain, sunburn, heat accumulation and / or from pests, in particular from a swarm of vinegar flies.

17. Method with a protection device according to one of claims 1 to 13 or method according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that at least one row arrangement (40; 40b; 40c) of cultivated forest fruits, in particular raspberries and / or blackberries, is protected.

18. Method with a protection device according to one of claims 1 to 12 or method according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that a light permeability of the protection device (38, 38a; 38b; 38c) is adapted to at least one parameter in terms of geology and / or botany.