Plough with an extended plough frame

Description

Background of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a method for using a plow with an elongated plow frame, on which several plowshares are arranged in succession in a row, to turn over the soil of each associated clod in a field by pulling the plow in a plowing direction, wherein a spreading device for applying a first and a second bulk material is provided on the plow, wherein the application of the first and second bulk material is pneumatically effected, and wherein the spreading device is designed with a first associated dispensing tube and at least one second dispensing tube for each plowshare. Such a plow is known, for example, from DE 10 2017 114883 A1. In this plow, however, the first seed is introduced behind the associated plowshare and thus into the space or furrow created there during plowing by means of the first dispensing tube.

[0002] Plowing is the turning of a arable soil using a plow. In this context, a plow is understood to mean only an agricultural implement whose plowshare turns the corresponding clod of soil.

[0003] Plowing loosens the soil structure, resulting in a larger but also rougher surface. To sow seeds into such a rough surface, it is common practice to smooth the field afterwards with a harrow. The field is then "harrowed" to prepare it for sowing.

[0004] The plowing discussed here, or rather the plow, is thus in contrast to cultivating, or rather a cultivator. A cultivator is an agricultural implement for non-inversion tillage, used to loosen and crumble the soil, as well as for weed control and incorporating humus into the soil. The surface worked with a cultivator is comparatively smooth compared to a surface worked with a plow. Cultivators are known as part of seedbed preparation systems for creating an optimal seedbed. The following implements, usually angled roller harrows (crumblers) or seed harrows, further crumble the loosened soil and press it down to the required sowing depth to ensure proper seed-to-soil contact. Underlying task

[0005] The invention is based on the objective of providing a method for using a plow with multiple plowshares for turning soil, which has increased functionality compared to conventional plows. Inventive solution

[0006] This problem is solved according to the invention by a method for using a plow according to claim 1.

[0007] With the inventive method for using a plow, it is possible to simultaneously apply two bulk materials, such as seeds and / or fertilizer, while plowing a field, and to influence the position of the applied bulk material on the field not only in terms of the application width but also with regard to the application depth. According to the invention, the first bulk material is applied to the clod of soil during turning by means of a first discharge pipe on the associated plowshare in a precisely suitable position, such that the bulk material is at the correct application depth after the clod has been turned. Furthermore, according to the invention, the second bulk material is distributed onto the freshly turned soil by means of at least a second discharge pipe.

[0008] According to the invention, investigations have shown that, when sowing, particularly for cover crops, the corresponding seed can be sown very advantageously on the respective field. In particular, seed can be placed in different sowing horizons in the soil. Shade-germinating seeds, such as beans or peas, are sown in a deeper sowing horizon, while light-germinating seeds, such as mustard and phacelia, are scattered on the surface. The plowing method according to the invention, as well as the associated plowing device, can also be used advantageously for sowing seed for main crops. Legumes can be distributed particularly advantageously in deeper sowing horizons, while fine seeds can be sown separately in the upper sowing horizon.The invention is based on the understanding that conventional seed mixtures actually require different sowing horizons, and the solution according to the invention makes it possible to meet this requirement in a very simple way. Furthermore, this inventive sowing in multiple layers simultaneously is possible with just a single plowing pass. Thus, the invention also advantageously avoids passes on the corresponding field, which would otherwise be associated with time expenditure, fuel consumption, machine wear and tear, and additional soil compaction. The inventive method of plowing and sowing simultaneously is a very economical technique, since several work steps are completed in one pass. For example, according to the invention, grain can be advantageously sown and a base fertilizer applied at the same time. Furthermore, rapeseed, in particular, can be sown and slug pellets applied simultaneously.Furthermore, it is advantageous to sow seeds and simultaneously apply sulfur pellets to deter wild boars. The water savings achieved according to the invention are also becoming increasingly important, as each separate work step otherwise leads to water evaporation in the field. The inventive method also reduces the weather risk between plowing and sowing, and there is no or minimal susceptibility to wind during sowing. The faster the soil is covered with cover crops, the fewer weeds or unwanted grasses can germinate. According to the invention, the relatively rough soil from plowing is retained until sowing takes place simultaneously or immediately afterward, thus preventing soil erosion or compaction.

[0009] In agriculture, a cover crop is a crop grown between other main crops as green manure or for animal feed. Cover cropping offers various benefits. It can help absorb nitrogen from the air and bind it in the cover crop's cells. The cover crops are then later incorporated into the soil, making the bound nitrogen available to the next crop in the crop rotation. Since nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient, cover cropping can increase yields.

[0010] Other benefits include stimulating and promoting soil organisms. Compacted or leached soils can be regenerated with cover crops. There are also crops that should not be grown in immediate succession. Here, the cover crop serves as a separating crop in the crop rotation. Furthermore, soils can be given a period of rest after infectious diseases such as fungal, viral, or bacterial infestations by cultivating cover crops.

[0011] Preferred cover crops in conjunction with the plow according to the invention also include annual ryegrass, various clover varieties such as perennial clover grass and berseem clover, green rye, summer and winter rapeseed, white mustard, lupin and other legumes such as fodder peas and common vetch, oilseed radish, phacelia, marrow stem kale and winter turnips.

[0012] Furthermore, the inventive method makes it possible to ensure, on the individual plowshare of the inventive plow, that the second bulk material is not incorporated into the soil during the turning of the clod, but rather lies securely on top of the surface of the turned soil.

[0013] Preferably, the application device is further designed with at least one deflector plate onto which the bulk material is applied from the at least one discharge pipe through its opening. Furthermore, a trailing hose, a trailing shoe, a seed harrow, an air injector, or a distribution nozzle is advantageously provided for distributing the applied bulk material in front of the opening of the at least one discharge pipe.

[0014] The impact plate allows the seed dispensed from the output pipe to be distributed, thus widening the application area.

[0015] It is also advantageous if the spreading device is provided with an adjustment device by means of which the first and / or the second discharge pipes can be adjusted with respect to their openings relative to the associated plowshare.

[0016] With this type of dispensing device, a simultaneous change in the position of the outlets of a series of first and second discharge pipes relative to the respective plowshare is possible with only one actuation of the associated adjustment device. The adjustment device is advantageously designed as a pivoting mechanism.

[0017] The spreading device can also advantageously be designed as a separate unit that can be detachably attached to the plow. Such a device is easy to retrofit and also easy to remove for repair and maintenance purposes. This is particularly advantageous for reversible plows, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0018] The dispensing device is further advantageously equipped with at least one two-part storage container for storing the first and second bulk material.

[0019] In this way, as already mentioned above, a wide variety of bulk materials, such as seeds and fertilizers, but preferably also soil-improving substances such as lime sand or peat granules, can be advantageously dispensed from just one storage container.

[0020] The spreading device preferably has at least one first storage container adapted for mounting on the front of a tractor, and / or at least one second storage container adapted for mounting on the rear of the tractor. Such mounting of storage containers at the front and / or rear of the tractor allows for an advantageous load distribution across the tractor's axles. Mounting at the front of the tractor is particularly advantageous if the plow according to the invention is a relatively heavy reversible plow. A reversible plow is understood to be a plow that has an upper row of plowshares and a lower row of plowshares, which are to be inserted alternately into the soil. A reversible plow typically has a rotating mechanism at the front of its three-point linkage, on which the plow frame supporting the plowshares can be rotated.The plowshares or plow bodies are arranged on the plow frame, projecting upwards and downwards behind the reversing mechanism. A reversible plow is lifted from the freshly plowed furrow at the end of a field, rotated while the tractor turns, and then reinserted in the reversed position when plowing the next furrow.

[0021] By arranging storage containers at the front of the tractor, more space is available at the rear, especially for a reversible plough, to allow for the rotational movement of the plough.

[0022] Therefore, an advantageous further development of the solution according to the invention is also specifically aimed at designing the plow as a fully reversible plow with a row of first shares and a row of second shares, wherein the rows of shares are to be inserted alternately into the soil of the field to be cultivated by turning the plow.

[0023] In a reversible plough, the spreading device according to the invention is advantageously attached to a frame-like holding device, which is preferably rigidly arranged between the first row of ploughshares and the second row of ploughshares on the associated plough frame. Alternatively, this holding device can also be pivotably arranged on the plough frame such that it can be pivoted from the first row of ploughshares to the second row of ploughshares and back. The pivot position is then selected so that the spreading device is always positioned relative to the ploughshares to be inserted into the soil. In a reversible plough with a comparatively large overall height, it is advantageous to provide two holding devices, each with a row of discharge pipes attached. In particular, these individual holding devices can then also be adjusted independently relative to the plough frame.

[0024] According to the invention, the dispensing device is further preferably provided with a feeding device for feeding the bulk material to the several first and second dispensing pipes, wherein two distributors are provided, of which the first bulk material is to be distributed to the first dispensing pipes with the first distributor and the second bulk material is to be distributed to the second dispensing pipes with the second distributor.

[0025] The individual distributor advantageously distributes the supplied bulk material onto several lines, pipes, or hoses, each leading to a separate discharge pipe. This allows for precise metering of the bulk material at each discharge pipe. The distributors are advantageously designed as mushroom-shaped heads and are particularly advantageously positioned side-by-side on the mounting tower of a reversible plow. The mounting tower serves as a platform for the reversible plow to be mounted and rotated by a tractor.

[0026] In the reversible plough according to the invention, the spreading device is further advantageously provided with a feeding device for feeding the first or second bulk material to the several first and second discharge pipes, wherein two hose groups are provided, of which the first bulk material is to be conveyed to the first discharge pipes with the first hose group and the second bulk material is to be conveyed to the second discharge pipes with the second hose group.

[0027] It is advantageous to bundle these hose groups in such a way that the resulting hose bundle can be laid in an S-shape at the front of the mounting tower of a corresponding reversible plow. The hose bundle laid in this manner can then follow the rotational movement of the plow frame without the hoses being damaged by this movement.

[0028] The dispensing device according to the invention is preferably also provided with at least one blower for conveying the bulk material and / or an air separator is preferably provided on the at least one dispensing pipe for separating air from the dispensing pipe.

[0029] The at least one blower allows for the easy feeding of bulk material(s) via pipes or hoses, even over greater distances. In particular, the bulk material can be conveyed from the front of the tractor to its rear. Brief description of the drawings

[0030] An exemplary embodiment of the solution according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. It shows: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a plow used in a method according to the invention from a rear oblique angle, Fig. 2 view II according to Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 the view III according to Fig. 1, Fig. 4 the view IV according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, view V according to Fig. 1 . Detailed description of the exemplary embodiment

[0031] The figure shows a plow 10 attached to a tractor 14. The tractor 14 is shown in particular in Fig. 3 whose cab 16 and a right tractor wheel 18 can be seen. During the process of plowing a field (not shown) along a furrow using the plow 10, this right tractor wheel 18 runs through a furrow. The furrow and the plow 10 located on the tractor 14 thus divide the field into an unplowed area and a plowed area.

[0032] The plow 10 is designed with an elongated plow frame 26, which, relative to the main direction of travel of the tractor 14 or the plowing direction, is attached at the front to a support device 30 in the form of a mounting or three-point linkage tower by means of a swivel device 28. When the plow 10 is raised, the plow frame 26 can be rotated 180° or pivoted back and forth on the swivel device 28. It is therefore designed as a fully reversible plow.

[0033] The support device 30 is attached to the tractor 14 and can usually be raised and lowered there by means of a three-point hydraulic system. In the lowered position, the plow frame 26 is lightly supported at its rear end by a wheel 32 in the form of a gauge wheel or support wheel on the unplowed area of ​​the field.

[0034] On the plow frame 26, in the illustrated rotational position, four downward-projecting, first plowshares 34 are arranged in a row, one after the other. Similarly, four upward-projecting, second plowshares 36 are arranged in a row, one after the other, on the plow frame 26. The first and second plowshares 34 and 36, respectively, are thus opposite each other with respect to the plow frame 26. In the illustrated rotational position, the first plowshares 34 are to be inserted into the field, while the second plowshares 36 project upwards away from the field.

[0035] Each of the plowshares 34 and 36 has a front 38 and a back 40, depending on the direction of plowing. Using its front 38, the first plowshare inserted into the field pushes soil ahead of it and turns it over into a clod. The plowshare then throws the clod, freshly turned soil, to the side. Behind each plowshare, a space forms on its back 40, forming a short section of a furrow. The space behind the last plowshare then becomes the actual new furrow.

[0036] The plow 10 is equipped with a spreading device 46 for spreading two bulk materials, in this case a seed of light-germinating seeds and a seed of dark-germinating seeds.

[0037] The spreading device 46 has an elongated spreading device frame 48 extending essentially parallel to the plow frame 26, which is fixedly attached to the plow frame 26 by means of a support device 50. The support device 50, in the form of two beams, one in the front part of the plow frame 26 and one in the rear part, projects from the plow frame 26 between the two rows of plowshares 34 and 36, respectively, essentially transversely or horizontally. The spreading device frame 48 is thus located between the parts of the plowshares 34 and 36 facing away from the plow frame 26.

[0038] Extending from the tractor 14 to the spreading frame 48 are a first bundle of feed hoses 52 and a second bundle of feed hoses 54. Furthermore, a total of four longitudinal beams are arranged on the spreading frame 48: two longitudinal beams 56 on the side facing the plowshares 34 and 36, respectively, and two longitudinal beams 58 on the side of the spreading frame 48 facing away from the plowshares 34 and 36, respectively. The longitudinal beams 56 and 58 are each adjustable relative to the spreading frame 48 by means of an adjusting device, in particular, they are pivotable. Each of the first feed hoses 52 extends to one of the longitudinal beams 56 on the spreading frame 48 and there into a first discharge pipe 60, which projects from the spreading frame 48.Each of the second feed hoses 54 goes to one of the longitudinal beams 56 on the application device frame 48 and there into a second output tube 62, which is also provided on the application device frame 48 projecting away from it.

[0039] Four first dispensing pipes 60 and four second dispensing pipes 62 project upwards and downwards from the spreading device frame 48. The dispensing pipes 60 are long and oriented such that the corresponding openings 64 of the first dispensing pipes 60 are located in the immediate vicinity of the front face 38 of the respective plowshare. The corresponding openings 66 of the second dispensing pipes 62, on the other hand, are located directly next to each respective plowshare. Thus, exactly one first dispensing pipe 60 and exactly one second dispensing pipe 62 are provided for each plowshare 34 or 36. "Immediate vicinity" here refers to a distance from the front face or side of the plowshare of between 5 cm and 75 cm (centimeters), preferably between 20 cm and 50 cm, and particularly between 10 cm and 30 cm.The output pipes 62 are formed as such by means of two angled pipe sections that can be rotated relative to each other.

[0040] In this way, the spreading device 46 can distribute an initial seed of dark-germinating seeds as the first bulk material into the clod of earth located there during plowing when the soil is turned over, via the first dispensing pipes 60. Further soil is then distributed over this initial bulk material during the turning of the clod.

[0041] At the same time, a second seed of light-dependent germinators can be distributed as a second bulk material on top of the freshly turned soil next to the respective plowshare by means of the spreading device 46 through the second dispensing pipes 62.

[0042] The distribution of the seed at the openings 64 and 66 with regard to placement width and placement depth can be further improved by means of a deflector disc, an air injector, a trailing shoe, a trailing hose, a seed coulter or a distribution nozzle (not shown).

[0043] The respective bulk materials are conveyed to the feed hoses 52 and 54 by means of two distributors, a first distributor 68 and a second distributor 70, which are arranged side by side on top of the support device 30. The two distributors 68 and 70 distribute the respective bulk material to the individual feed hoses 52 and 54, respectively. The feed hoses 52 and 54 are bundled side by side and together in an S-shape from the two distributors 68 and 70 to the spreading device frame 48. The bundles of feed hoses 52 and 54 run close to the rotary device 28 so that they do not interfere with the rotation of the plow 10, which is designed as a rotary plow. The bulk materials are transported to the distributors 68 and 70 by a comparatively large transport hose 72 and 74, respectively, which are shown in the illustrations of the Fig. 3 and 5The transport hoses 72 and 74 are disconnected and suspended from distributors 68 and 70. When connected, these hoses lead to transport pipes through which the bulk material is fed from a two-part storage container or two individual storage containers (not shown).

[0044] The supply of bulk materials to the distributors 68 and 70 and through the supply hoses 52 and 54 can be carried out by means of blowers with air separators arranged at the outlets 64 and 66 respectively from the storage containers, which can advantageously be arranged at the front and / or at the rear of the tractor 14. Reference symbol list

[0045] 10 Plow 14 Tractor 16 Cab 18 Right tractor wheel 26 Plow frame 28 Rotating device 30 Support device 32 Wheel 34 Plowshare 36 Plowshare 38 Front of plowshare 40 Back of plowshare 46 Spreading device 48 Spreading device frame 50 Support device 52 First feed hose 54 Second feed hose 56 Longitudinal beam 58 Longitudinal beam 60 First discharge pipe 62 Second discharge pipe 64 Opening of first discharge pipe 66 Opening of second discharge pipe 68 First distributor 70 Second distributor 72 Transport hose 74 Transport hose

Claims

1. Method for using a plough (10) with an elongated plough frame (26) on which a plurality of ploughshares (34, 36) are arranged in succession in a row, for turning soil of a respective associated clod on a field by pulling the plough (10) in a ploughing direction, wherein a dispensing device (46) for dispensing a first and a second bulk material is provided on the plough (10), wherein the dispensing of the first and second bulk material is carried out pneumatically, wherein the respective ploughshare (34, 36) has a front side (38) facing the ploughing direction, wherein the dispensing device (46) is designed with a first associated outlet pipe (60) for each ploughshare (34, 36), wherein the first outlet pipe (60) is provided with its mouth (64) at the front side (38) of the ploughshare (34, 36) and by means of the first outlet pipe (60) the first bulk material is dispensed into the clod located there during the ploughing process when turning in a precisely fitting area in such a way that the first bulk material is then at the correct dispensing depth after the clod has been turned, and wherein the dispensing device (46) is designed with at least one second associated outlet pipe (62) for each ploughshare (34, 36), wherein the second outlet pipe (62) is provided with its mouth (66) next to the ploughshare (34, 36), characterised in that by means of the second outlet pipe (62) the second bulk material is distributed on top of the freshly turned soil.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the dispensing device (46) is designed with at least one baffle plate, a drag hose, a drag shoe, an air injector or a distribution nozzle for distributing the bulk material in front of the mouth (64, 66) of the respective outlet pipe (60, 62).

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the dispensing device (46) is provided with an adjusting device by means of which the first and / or the second outlet pipes (60, 62) are simultaneously adjustable with respect to their mouths (64, 66) relative to the associated ploughshare (34, 36).

4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the dispensing device (46) has at least one two-part storage container for storing the first and second bulk materials.

5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the dispensing device (46) is provided with at least one first storage container which is adapted for mounting on the front of a tractor (14), and / or with at least one second storage container which is adapted for mounting on the rear of the tractor (14).

6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the plough is designed as a reversible plough with a row of first ploughshares (34) and a row of second ploughshares (36), wherein the rows of ploughshares (34, 36) are to be used alternately in the soil of the field to be worked by rotating the plough (10).

7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the dispensing device (46) is provided with a feeding device for feeding the bulk material to the plurality of first and second outlet pipes (60, 62), wherein two distributors are provided, of which the first distributor is used to distribute the first bulk material to the first outlet pipes (60) and the second distributor is used to distribute the second bulk material to the second outlet pipes (62).

8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the dispensing device (46) is provided with a feeding device for feeding the first or second bulk material to the plurality of first and second outlet pipes (60, 62), wherein two groups of hoses are provided, of which the first group of hoses is used to convey the first bulk material to the first outlet pipes (60) and the second group of hoses is used to convey the second bulk material to the second outlet pipes (62).

9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the dispensing device (46) is provided with at least one blower for conveying the first and / or the second bulk material.