METHOD FOR SETTING AN ANCHOR ELEMENT AND ARRANGEMENT WITH SUCH ANCHOR ELEMENT IN A MATERIAL

Description

[0001] The present patent application claims priority from German patent application DE 10 2020 210 921.4.

[0002] The invention relates to a method for setting an anchor element and an arrangement with such an anchor element in a material.

[0003] EP 1 710 453 B1 discloses a fixing anchor that can be anchored in a drilled hole in a material. The fixing anchor has a fixing portion that protrudes from the drilled hole at the surface of the material. Such fixing anchors are available in standard lengths specified by the manufacturers. If the required length of a fixing anchor for an application is only slightly longer than one of the standard lengths, the user must select the next larger standard length. In this case, the fixing portion protruding from the drilled hole is very long and, in particular, represents a safety risk and / or an obstacle.

[0004] One on the Internet (www.youtube.com / watch?v=nb8dZMiSKj4 The video file available here shows the installation of a base on a concrete surface using anchor bolts. The anchor bolts protrude from the drill holes to varying degrees.

[0005] Further fastenings are known from DE 20 2009 014 039 U1, EP 3 330 550 A1, DE 60 2004 007 971 T2, DE 691 25 289 T2 and FR 2 404 141 A1.

[0006] Alternatively, the anchor bolt could be manufactured with a custom-tailored length for the application. The production costs for a custom-tailored length anchor bolt are high.

[0007] The invention is based on the object of simplifying the setting of an anchor element and, in particular, of enabling it to be done in an application-independent, cost-efficient, reliable and / or risk-free manner.

[0008] This problem is solved by the features of patent claims 1 and 9. According to the invention, it was recognized that a projecting portion of an anchor element protruding from a drilled hole in a material can be cut to length. Before cutting, the projecting portion has a first length that is greater than a second length of the projecting portion after cutting. According to the invention, an anchor element with a standard length can be used. Such an anchor element is available cost-effectively as a mass-produced product. Because the projecting portion is cut to length individually for the respective application, it represents neither a safety risk nor an obstacle.

[0009] A protective cap is attached to the cut-to-length overhang. This protects the cut surface created by the cutting process from environmental influences, particularly weather and / or de-icing salt. The cut surface of the overhang can be sharp-edged, at least in some areas, as a result of the cutting process. The protective cap prevents a theoretical risk of injury from the sharp-edged cut surface. Mechanical post-processing of the cut surface, particularly by grinding or deburring, is unnecessary.

[0010] The anchor element is in particular an anchor bolt, in particular a composite anchor bolt or a concrete screw. The anchor bolt in particular has an anchoring thread, in particular a cutting thread, with which the anchor bolt can be screwed directly into the borehole. The anchoring thread cuts a thread into the inner cylinder wall of the borehole. The anchor bolt is in particular anchored directly in the borehole. However, an anchor element can also be a composite anchor, which is anchored in the borehole exclusively by means of an adhesive, in particular a curable material. The composite anchor is in particular designed without an anchoring thread, in particular without a cutting thread. The composite anchor is anchored by means of at least one anchoring section, which has an increasing and subsequently decreasing diameter along the central longitudinal axis of the anchor element.Once the adhesive in the drilled hole has cured, the anchor section of the composite anchor is held in the cured adhesive by a positive and / or material fit. The composite anchor is indirectly anchored in the drilled hole by the adhesive.

[0011] The shear connector can also be designed as a threaded rod with an external thread. The external thread is, in particular, essentially continuous. The continuous external thread can be interrupted by a setting depth marking rolled up on the outside of the threaded rod. The external thread is, in particular, a metric external thread that can serve as a fastening thread. The section of the external thread of the threaded rod located in the drilled hole serves as the anchoring section. The threaded rod is firmly bonded in the drilled hole by means of the adhesive. The threaded rod is held in the drilled hole primarily by a material fit and, in particular, exclusively by a material fit. There is an, in particular exclusive, adhesive bond between the threaded rod and the drilled hole wall.It is conceivable that the adhesive engages behind the external thread of the threaded rod in the axial direction, so that at least a partial positive connection exists between the cured adhesive and the threaded rod.

[0012] The material is preferably a solid building material such as sand-lime brick, clinker, solid brick, or wood. It is advantageous if no hollow areas are encountered in the material when drilling the hole, which could, in particular, impair the cutting of a thread using an anchor screw. The anchor element is anchored in a hard material, especially concrete. The anchor element can also be anchored in soft, porous materials such as asphalt or aerated concrete.

[0013] The protective cap is made of a robust material, in particular metal, especially steel, and especially stainless steel. Such a material is particularly resistant to UV rays, salts, especially de-icing salt, and / or acids. Alternatively, the protective cap can be made of a plastic material, in particular a reinforced plastic material, especially a glass-fiber-reinforced plastic and / or a carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic. Plastic material for the protective cap is particularly advantageous for indoor use.

[0014] A method in which the protective cap is attached using an adhesive material ensures reliable and permanent attachment of the protective cap to the projecting section. Accidental loosening of the protective cap and thus exposure of the cut-to-length projecting section, in particular the cut surface, is reliably prevented. The adhesive material provides additional protection for the cut-to-length projecting section, in particular the created cut surface. The cut-to-length projecting section is covered by the adhesive material. The protective cap is firmly connected to the projecting section of the anchor element through the use of an adhesive material. The adhesive material is in particular a hardenable mass, in particular a composite mortar. The adhesive material is in particular frost-resistant and / or de-icing salt-resistant. In particular, the adhesive material is largely shrinkage-free. The maximum shrinkage of the adhesive material is at most 2 vol.-%, in particular not more than 1.5 vol.%, in particular not more than 1.2 vol.% and in particular not more than 1.0 vol.%.

[0015] The adhesive material can also be a permanently elastic material, such as silicone or acrylic.

[0016] A process in which the cut length of the anchor element created during cutting is covered by the protective cap and the adhesive material ensures reliable protection of the cut surface. Cutting exposes the base material of the anchor element at the cut surface. A protective coating provided on the anchor element, in particular a corrosion coating, is not present at the cut surface. By covering the cut surface with the protective cap and the adhesive material, impairment of the cut surface, in particular due to corrosion, is prevented. The cut surface is covered, in particular completely, and in particular sealed, by the protective cap and the adhesive material.

[0017] A method according to claim 2 enables particularly long-lasting protection of the anchor element at the cut-to-length protruding section, in particular at the cut surface. It has been found that cutting the protruding section to length exposes it to a locally limited heat effect starting at the cut surface. This heat effect can damage a protective coating, in particular a corrosion coating, provided on an outer side of the anchor element, so that the protective function for the anchor element is no longer guaranteed in this area. Because the adhesive material extends along an adhesive length, the anchor element is reliably protected by the adhesive material not only at the cut surface, but also along the adhesive length, in particular against corrosion. The adhesive material also reliably protects the anchor element in the area where the protective coating could be damaged.In particular, the adhesive length oriented parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the anchor element is greater than or equal to 15% of the nominal diameter of the anchor element, in particular greater than or equal to 25%, in particular greater than or equal to 35% and in particular greater than or equal to 40%.

[0018] In the event that the protective cap has an internal thread, the adhesive material extends along at least two threads of the protective cap, in particular along at least three threads and in particular along at least four threads.

[0019] A method according to claim 3 enables a simplified and more reliable attachment of the protective cap to the anchor element. The protective cap can be screwed directly onto the anchor element. Such a protective cap with an internal thread is also called a cap nut.

[0020] A method according to claim 5 enables improved anchoring of the anchor element in the material. In particular, the material can be supported by the anchor element. Prestressing of the anchor element is particularly advantageously possible by attaching a fastening element to a fastening section, which in particular has a fastening thread. The fastening element is in particular a fastening nut that can be screwed onto the fastening thread of the fastening section. For prestressing, a fastening washer is provided, in particular, to transfer a prestress from the fastening element to the material. In addition, one or more washers can be provided.

[0021] An anchor element according to claim 6 is advantageously anchored in the borehole. Because the anchor element has a cutting thread, the anchor element is anchored directly in the borehole. The cutting thread is, in particular, an anchoring thread. With the cutting thread, the anchor element cuts, in particular directly, into the inner wall of the borehole.

[0022] In a method according to claim 7, the anchoring of the anchor element in the borehole is further improved. The holding force is increased. By filling the borehole with an adhesive, particularly after the adhesive has cured, a particularly firm anchoring of the anchor element in the borehole is ensured. The adhesive used to anchor the anchor element is, in particular, identical to the adhesive material that can be used to attach the protective cap. The preparation effort and / or handling effort for carrying out the method, particularly on a construction site, is thereby reduced. In particular, the method is fail-safe in its implementation.

[0023] A method using an anchor element according to claim 8 enables particularly durable anchoring. Because the anchor element has a protective coating, in particular a corrosion-resistant coating, the exposed areas of the anchor element are reliably protected from external environmental influences, in particular from corrosion. The trimmed overhang is protected by the protective cap.

[0024] An arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 14 essentially has the advantages of the corresponding method, to which reference is hereby made. An arrangement according to the invention is straightforward to manufacture and inexpensive to implement. Such an arrangement is robust and durable.

[0025] Both the features specified in the patent claims and the features specified in the following exemplary embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention are suitable, either individually or in combination with one another, for further developing the subject matter according to the invention. The respective combinations of features represent

[0026] Further developments of the subject matter of the invention do not constitute a restriction, but essentially have merely exemplary character.

[0027] Further features, advantages, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings. They show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of an arrangement according to the invention of a material with a borehole and an anchor element to be anchored, Fig. 2 a Fig. 1 corresponding representation with the anchor element anchored in the borehole and a fastening element attached to it, Fig. 3 a sectional view according to section line III-III in Fig. 2 , Fig. 4a Fig. 2 corresponding representation with cut overhang section, Fig. 5 Fig. 4 corresponding illustration with protective cap attached to the overhanging section, Fig. 6 a sectional illustration according to section line VI-VI in Fig. 5 .

[0028] One in Fig. 6 The arrangement, marked as a whole with 1, comprises a material 2, in particular concrete, in which a borehole 3 with a borehole diameter DB is made.

[0029] An anchor element 4 is anchored in the borehole 3. According to the illustrated embodiment, the anchor element 4 is designed as a composite anchor bolt. The anchor element 4 can also be designed as a concrete screw or a composite anchor element.

[0030] The anchor element 4 is made, in particular, of a steel material, in particular of ordinary steel, in particular carbon steel or stainless steel. The anchor element 4 has a protective layer, in particular a corrosion layer, covering the entire surface of the anchor element 4.

[0031] The anchor element 4 has a substantially cylindrical core 5 with a core diameter DK.

[0032] The core 5 is arranged in the borehole 3 with an insertion end 6. The core has an outer end 7 opposite the insertion end 6. The anchor element 4 extends from the outer end 7 to the insertion end 6 along a central longitudinal axis 8.

[0033] An external thread 9 is formed integrally with the core 5 and extends from the inlet end 6 counter to a screw-in direction 10 along a threaded section AG. The external thread 9 has a thread diameter DG that is larger than the borehole diameter DB. In particular, DG / DB ≤ 1.5, in particular DG / DB ≤ 1.4, in particular DG / DB ≤ 1.3, in particular DG / DB ≤ 1.25, in particular DG / DB ≤ 1.2, DG / DB ≤ 1.15, in particular DG / DB ≤ 1.1, in particular DG / DB ≤ 1.05. The external thread 9 is self-tapping along a cutting section AS extending from the inlet end 6 counter to the screw-in direction 10. According to the exemplary embodiment shown, the external thread 9 has cutting elements 11 in the cutting section AS. The cutting section AS is followed by a standard thread section AN, where As + AN = AG. It is also possible for the external thread 9 to have no cutting elements 11.The threaded section AG is followed by a cylindrical section AZ, which has a substantially smooth surface. The external thread 9 is dimensioned and designed to be screwed into material 2.

[0034] The cylinder section AZ is followed by a fastening section AB, which Fig. 3 is shown interrupted. The fastening section AB has a fastening thread 12 designed as a normal metal thread, in particular as a metric thread. In the screw-in direction 10, in front of the fastening thread 12, in the region of the outer end 7, there is a polygonal head 13, in particular a hexagonal head. This has a maximum outer diameter S Max that is smaller than a minimum diameter G Min of the fastening thread 12. This makes it possible for a fastening element 14, for example a fastening nut, to be pushed over the polygonal head 13 in order to be screwed onto the fastening thread 12.

[0035] The anchor element 4 can be prestressed against the material 2 using the fastening screw 14. In order to advantageously transmit the prestress applied to the material 2 by the fastening element 14 into the material 2, a fastening disc 16 is provided, which can rest on an outer surface 15 of the material 2. The fastening disc has an outer disc diameter DS that is larger than the borehole diameter DB . In particular, DS / DB ≥ 1.2, in particular DS / DK ≥ 1.5, in particular DS / DK ≥ 2.0, in particular DS / DK ≥ 2.5, in particular DS / DK ≥ 3.0 and in particular DS / DK ≥ 3.5.

[0036] It may be advantageous to arrange one or more washers 17 between the fastening element 14 and the fastening disc 16, which in Fig. 3 and 6 are not shown.

[0037] The anchor element protrudes from the surface 15 of the material 2 with a projection section AU. According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 the protruding section AU is identical to the fastening section AB . Depending on the borehole depth and the respective lengths of the threaded section AG and the cylindrical section AZ, arrangements are conceivable in which the anchor element 4 protrudes with the cylindrical section AZ and in particular with the threaded section AG on the surface 15 of the material 2. In this case, the cylindrical section AZ and in particular the threaded section AG would form at least part of the protruding section AU. In this case, the protruding section AU would be larger than the fastening section AB .

[0038] An arrangement is also conceivable in which the fastening section AB is arranged at least partially within the borehole 3. In this case, the protruding section AU would be smaller than the fastening section AB. An adhesive 18, which consists in particular of styrene-free vinyl ester and a hardener, is arranged in the borehole 3. The adhesive 18 is in particular a self-curing composite. The anchoring of the anchor element 4 in the material 2 is improved by the use of the adhesive 18.

[0039] The overhang section AU has along the central longitudinal axis 8 according to Fig. 3 a first length l 1 . The first length l 1 is measured from the surface 15 of the material 2 to the outermost point at the outer end 7 of the anchor element 4.

[0040] The method for setting the anchor element 4 in the material 2 is described in more detail below.

[0041] The essentially cylindrical borehole with the borehole diameter DB is drilled into the material 4. The borehole diameter DB is slightly larger than the core diameter DK but smaller than the thread diameter DD. The adhesive 18 is poured into the borehole 3. The anchor element 4 is then screwed into the borehole 3, wherein the external thread 9, in particular with the cutting elements 11, cuts into a cylindrical shell wall 19 of the borehole 3. The anchor element 4 is screwed in in particular by means of a driven tool, in particular by means of an impact wrench, which can be attached to the polygonal head 13. The screwing in takes place along the screwing direction 10 until a required screw-in depth is reached. The screw-in depth can vary depending on the respective application.According to the exemplary embodiment shown, the screw-in depth is equal to the sum of the lengths of the threaded section AG and the cylindrical section AZ. The fastening washer 16 and two washers 17 are pushed onto the fastening thread 12. The washers 17 are identical. The washers 17 each have a smaller outer diameter and a smaller washer thickness than the fastening washer 16. The fastening element 14, i.e. the fastening nut, is then screwed onto the fastening thread 12. Depending on the tightening torque of the fastening nut, a preload on the material 2 can be specified. This condition is shown in . Fig. 2 shown.

[0042] The overhanging section AU is then cut to length. This means that the overhanging section AU is shortened to a second length l 2 using a tool, in particular a cut-off grinder. The state after cutting is shown in Fig. 4 shown. By cutting to length, in particular, the polygonal head 13 is separated from the anchor element 4, in particular the fastening thread 12 is shortened. The second length l 2 of the cut overhang section AU' ends at a cutting surface 20, which was created by cutting the overhang section AU.

[0043] It is advantageous if a section 21 of the cut-to-length overhang section AU' projecting on the fastening element 14 extends along the central longitudinal axis 8 over several, in particular along at least two threads, in particular along at least three threads, in particular along at least four threads, in particular along at least five threads and in particular along at least six threads.

[0044] A protective cap 22 is then attached to the cut-to-length overhang section AU'. The protective cap 22 is designed as a cap nut and has an internal thread 23 that corresponds to the fastening thread 12 of the anchor element 4.

[0045] The protective cap 22 is attached to the anchor element 4 by means of an adhesive material 24. The adhesive material 24 is, in particular, a hardenable compound, in particular a frost- and de-icing salt-resistant composite mortar. In particular, the adhesive material 24 is identical to the adhesive compound 18.

[0046] The handling is particularly advantageous when the adhesive material 24 is filled into the protective cap and then the protective cap filled with the adhesive material 24 is screwed onto the fastening thread 12.

[0047] The adhesive 24 is distributed in particular evenly and in particular completely in an intermediate space 25 delimited by the protective cap 22 and the fastening thread 12. In particular, the cut surface 20 is completely covered by the adhesive material 24. The cut surface 20 is in particular sealed. The intermediate space 25 is essentially annular with respect to the central longitudinal axis 8 and has an adhesive length l K . It is advantageous if the adhesive length l K is at least 0.15% of the nominal diameter DN of the fastening thread 12. In particular, the following applies: l K / DN ≥ 0.25, in particular l K / DN ≥ 0.35 and in particular l K / DN ≥ 0.4.

[0048] The adhesive length l K extends along the central longitudinal axis 8 along at least two threads of the fastening thread 12, in particular along at least three threads and in particular along at least four threads.

Claims

1. Method for setting an anchor element (4) comprising the method steps of - inserting an anchor element (4) into a borehole (3) in a material (2), wherein the anchor element (4) protrudes from the borehole (3) with a protrusion section (AU), - anchoring the anchor element (4) in the borehole (3), characterized by - cutting the protrusion section (AU) to length, - attaching a protective cap (22) to the cut-to-length protrusion section (AU'), -- wherein the protective cap (22) is attached by means of an adhesive material (24), -- wherein a cut surface (20) of the anchor element (4) produced during cutting to length is covered by the protective cap (22) and the adhesive material (24).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the adhesive material (24) extends in an intermediate space (25) between the protective cap (22) and the anchor element (4) having a nominal diameter (DN), in particular in an annular shape, along an adhesive length (1K), wherein 1K ≥ 0.15 · DN, in particular 1K ≥ 0.25 · DN, in particular 1K ≥ 0,35 · DN and in particular 1K ≥ 0,4 · DN.

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the protective cap (22) engages with an internal thread (23) on a corresponding external thread (12) of the anchor element (4).

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cut surface (20) of the anchor element (4) produced during cutting-to-length is completely covered by the protective cap (22), in particular by the adhesive material (24).

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by pretensioning the anchor element (4) on the material (2), in particular by means of a fastening element (14) attached to a fastening section (12) of the anchor element (4).

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the anchor element (4) has a cutting thread (9), with which the anchor element (4) is screwed into the borehole (3).

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by filling the borehole (3) with an adhesive compound (18) in order to anchor the anchor element (4) in the borehole (3).

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the anchor element (4) has a protective coating, in particular an anti-corrosion coating.

9. Arrangement having an anchor element (4) anchored in a borehole (3) in a material (2), characterised in that - the anchor element (4) protrudes from the borehole (3) with a cut-to-length protrusion section (AU'), to which a protective cap (22) is attached, - the protective cap (22) is attached by means of an adhesive material (24), and - a cut surface (20) of the anchor element (4) produced during cutting to length is covered by the protective cap (22) and the adhesive material (24).

10. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterised in that the anchor element (4) has a protective coating, in particular an anti-corrosion coating.

11. Arrangement according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the anchor element (4) has a cutting thread (9), with which the anchor element (4) is screwed into the borehole (3).

12. Arrangement according to one of claim 9 to 11, characterised in that the adhesive material (24) extends in an intermediate space (25) between the protective cap (22) and the anchor element (4) having a nominal diameter (DN), in particular in an annular shape, along an adhesive length (1K), wherein 1K ≥ 0.15 · DN, in particular 1K ≥ 0.25 · DN, in particular 1K ≥ 0,35 · DN and in particular 1K ≥ 0,4 · DN.

13. Arrangement according to one of claim 9 to 12, characterised in that the protective cap (22) engages with an internal thread (23) on a corresponding external thread (12) of the anchor element (4).

14. Arrangement according to one of claim 11 to 13, characterised in that the anchor element (4) is pre-tensioned on the material (2), in particular by means of a fastening element (14) attached to a fastening section (12) of the anchor element (4).