SPINNING DEVICE WITH FLOATING SPINNING RING AND BALLOON LIMITING SLEEVE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a spinning machine, in particular a ring spinning or ring twisting machine, with a spinning device for producing and winding a yarn on a yarn tube, as well as a spinning device, in particular for a ring spinning or ring twisting machine, with a spinning spindle for receiving a yarn tube aligned coaxially with a spindle axis, a spinning ring arranged coaxially with the spindle axis for externally guiding a yarn to be wound on the yarn tube and a spinning ring guide unit arranged coaxially with the spindle axis, wherein the spinning ring is fixed to the spinning ring guide unit in a floating manner in the spindle axis direction.

[0002] Spinning devices of the aforementioned type, as well as spinning machines with such spinning devices, are known, for example, from EP 3 231 904 A1. This document already discloses a spinning ring guide unit by means of which, using a magnetic field, the spinning ring is fixed coaxially to the spinning spindle or to a yarn tube arranged on the spinning spindle. To generate a suitable magnetic field within which the spinning ring is suspended, EP 3 231 904 A1 discloses the use of a nitrogen-cooled superconductor. Due to the suspended and thus contactless mounting of the spinning ring, the spinning process can be carried out at significantly higher spindle speeds than with known ring spinning machines with ring traveler systems.This results in particular from the fact that the friction between the ring traveler and the yarn to be produced, which limits the spindle speed, can be disregarded during the spinning process by omitting the ring traveler.

[0003] However, the higher spindle speeds compared to spinning machines with ring-type traveler systems result in an enlarged yarn balloon, increasing the risk of it collapsing or folding in, ultimately leading to yarn breakage and an interruption of the spinning process. Furthermore, the higher spindle speeds also result in increased centrifugal forces acting on the yarn. These can lead to the yarn breaking, interrupting the spinning process and being drawn towards the yarn tube, forming a yarn balloon. Conventional balloon constriction rings for limiting the yarn balloon have the disadvantage that, due to only providing selective support to the yarn, they lead to high frictional forces. This not only damages the balloon constriction ring but also the yarn. Another problem is that the winding tension is too low, resulting in soft bobbins.

[0004] Based on this, the invention is based on the object of providing a spinning device and a spinning machine with a spinning device, which enable a reliable implementation of a spinning process without limiting the spindle speed and without the use of a ring traveler.

[0005] The invention solves the problem by a spinning machine with a spinning device for producing and winding a yarn on a yarn tube with the features of claim 19 and by a first embodiment of a spinning device for a ring spinning or ring twisting machine with the features of claim 1 and by a second embodiment of the spinning device for a ring spinning or ring twisting machine with the features of claim 16. Embodiments of the spinning device are presented in the dependent claims 2-15, 17 and 18.

[0006] A characteristic feature of the spinning device is a balloon limiter sleeve arranged coaxially to the spindle axis in such a way that the yarn is guided along the inner side of the balloon limiter sleeve. Unlike conventional spinning devices, the spinning device according to the invention dispenses with a ring traveler system; the yarn is guided past the spinning ring on the outside. The combination of a suspended and thus contactless spinning ring, which rotates at a speed significantly lower than the spindle speed, or at least at a speed significantly lower than the spindle speed, and the balloon limiter sleeve arranged according to the invention enables the spinning process to be carried out at a significantly higher spindle speed than spinning devices with ring traveler systems.As a result, a twist imparting system is provided for imparting true twists to all individual components, such as fibers or threads, at a closed end. With sufficient winding tension, this system limits the thread balloon forces and the spinning tension in such a way that the spinning process can be carried out without disruption, despite the higher spindle speed compared to spinning machines with ring traveler systems.

[0007] The spinning ring is preferably a disk with a centrally arranged hole through which the yarn tube, including the yarn winding, is passed. The spinning ring is held in its vertical position by a suitable design, e.g., a compressed air bearing. For this purpose, the spinning device according to the invention has a spinning ring guide unit, which is also arranged coaxially to the spindle axis. The contactless bearing created between the spinning ring guide unit and the spinning ring counteracts the weight of the spinning ring and causes the spinning ring to float in its use position, in which the spindle axis is aligned substantially perpendicular to a substrate and thus the weight of the spinning ring acts in the direction of the spindle axis.

[0008] The use of the balloon limiter sleeve ensures reliable guidance of the yarn inside the balloon limiter sleeve, thus reliably preventing disruptions to the spinning process, for example, due to loops or snarls in the yarn. The balloon limiter sleeve supports the yarn on the path between a drafting system outlet and the spinning ring and ensures reliable support of the centrifugal forces acting on the yarn during the spinning process. The use of a balloon limiter sleeve in conjunction with the suspended spinning ring also ensures the winding tension necessary for proper yarn winding, while simultaneously limiting the spinning tension in such a way that, for example, thread breaks that could interrupt the spinning process do not occur.

[0009] Essential for the function of the spinning device according to the invention is the combination of a spinning ring fixed in a floating vertical position relative to a spinning ring guide unit and a balloon limiter sleeve guiding the yarn, wherein in the context of the present application the terms "vertical", "below" and "above" refer to the position of use of the spinning device in which the weight of the spinning ring is aligned along the spindle axis and a holding force counteracting the weight is generated by means of the spinning ring guide unit, by means of which the spinning ring is held in suspension without contact.

[0010] As already explained above, the design of the spinning ring, as well as the design of the spinning ring guide unit for the floating arrangement of the spinning ring, is fundamentally freely selectable. For example, the spinning ring guide unit can be designed such that it positions the spinning ring in a floating manner relative to the spinning ring guide unit via a suitably directed compressed air. However, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spinning ring, which is formed, for example, from a volatilely magnetizable, a permanently magnetizable, or a non-magnetizable material, is fixed to the spinning ring guide unit in a floating manner in the direction of the spindle axis via a magnetic field.

[0011] The magnetic field generated between the spinning ring guide unit and the spinning ring creates a holding force that counteracts the weight of the spinning ring, causing the spinning ring to float in its operating position. The use of the balloon limiter sleeve in conjunction with a spinning ring suspended in the magnetic field ensures the winding tension required for proper yarn winding in a particularly reliable manner. Furthermore, the spinning tension is limited particularly reliably, preventing thread breaks that would interrupt the spinning process.

[0012] For radial guidance, ie for positioning the suspended spinning ring perpendicular to the spindle axis, according to a first embodiment of the invention, in order to provide a mechanical position securing for radial positioning, ie for arrangement perpendicular to the spindle axis, the spinning ring guide unit has a guide ring arranged coaxially and at a distance from a spinning ring circumferential surface.

[0013] The guide ring is arranged coaxially with the spinning ring (viewed in the direction of the spindle axis) and, via its inner surface, provides a support surface that can be engaged with the spinning ring's peripheral surface, thereby reliably holding and guiding the spinning ring in its position in the radial direction, i.e., perpendicular to the spindle axis. The air gap between the spinning ring's peripheral surface and the guide ring ensures reliable guidance of the yarn along the spinning ring's peripheral surface during the spinning process.

[0014] In conjunction with the guide ring, the spinning ring's peripheral surface thus ensures mechanical guidance and, in the radial direction, a stable and simple bearing of the spinning ring relative to a yarn tube arranged on a spindle. The bearing is particularly simple and stable and can be manufactured particularly cost-effectively. This design thus allows for particularly high spindle speeds, which enables particularly high productivity of a spinning machine equipped with a correspondingly advanced spinning device.

[0015] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spinning ring is fixed to the spinning ring guide unit perpendicular to the spindle axis direction via a magnetic field. According to this embodiment of the invention, in addition to the floating arrangement of the spinning ring in the spindle axis direction, the spinning ring guide unit is further configured to fix the spinning ring in its radial position relative to the spindle axis via a magnetic field.

[0016] A corresponding design of the spinning ring guide unit makes it possible to completely dispense with mechanically acting positioning means that interact with the spinning ring. In combination with the likewise advantageous design of the spinning ring guide unit, according to which the spinning ring is held suspended in the spindle axis direction via a magnetic field, the spinning ring can be fixed in its position, i.e. both in the spindle axis direction and in the radial direction, i.e. perpendicular to the spindle axis, without contact, via the correspondingly developed spinning ring guide unit, completely via a magnetic field or another magnetic field. This design of the invention thus ensures a particularly reliable spinning process at particularly high spindle speeds. Furthermore, the spinning device can be manufactured particularly cost-effectively and compactly, especially when using a suitable magnetic field.

[0017] The configuration of the advantageously provided magnetic field of the spinning ring guide unit for positioning the spinning ring in the direction of the spindle axis, or for positioning preferably both in the direction of the spindle axis and perpendicular to the spindle axis, is fundamentally freely selectable. However, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spinning ring and the guide ring have opposing, mutually repelling magnets perpendicular to the spindle axis, in particular ring magnets, which are designed such that the spinning ring is fixed relative to the guide ring in the direction of the spindle axis and / or perpendicular to the spindle axis.

[0018] According to this embodiment of the invention, magnets are arranged on the guide ring and the spinning ring in such a way that the magnetic field generated between them fixes the spinning ring relative to the guide ring in the direction of the spindle axis or in the direction of the spindle axis and perpendicular to the spindle axis. This embodiment of the invention, particularly in the embodiment in which the spinning ring is fixed both in the direction of the spindle axis and perpendicular to the spindle axis, makes it possible to construct the spinning device in a particularly simple and compact design, in which the yarn can be wound unhindered onto the yarn tube after being guided externally by the spinning ring.The advantageous design of the magnets as ring magnets, which each extend over the entire circumference of the spinning ring and the guide ring, ensures in a particularly reliable manner an exact arrangement of the spinning ring relative to the spindle axis and the yarn tube arranged coaxially to the spindle axis.

[0019] According to a further embodiment of the invention, for arranging the spinning ring on the spinning ring guide unit in the spindle axis direction, it is provided that the spinning ring guide unit has a spinning ring support ring arranged coaxially to the spindle axis and vertically below the spinning ring, wherein the spinning ring and the spinning ring support ring have magnets arranged opposite one another in the spindle axis direction and oriented in a repulsive manner, in particular ring magnets, which are designed such that the spinning ring is arranged vertically spaced from the spinning ring support ring in the spindle axis direction.

[0020] According to this embodiment of the invention, the spinning ring guide unit has a spinning ring support ring, which is also arranged coaxially to the spindle axis and in the spindle axis direction below the spinning ring. The mutually repelling magnets on the spinning ring support ring and the spinning ring thus generate a magnetic field that counteracts the weight of the spinning ring, so that the spinning ring is suspended relative to the spinning ring support ring. The design of the magnets, or rather their arrangement on the spinning ring and the spinning ring support ring, is fundamentally freely selectable, provided that it is ensured that they generate a magnetic field that supports the spinning ring via the spinning ring support ring. For example, it is conceivable to arrange individual magnets on the spinning ring support ring and the spinning ring, distributed over a circumference around the spindle axis, which ensure reliable positioning of the spinning ring relative to the spinning ring support ring.Particularly advantageously, however, the magnets are designed as ring magnets which extend over a circumferential area around the spindle axis on the spinning ring and the spinning ring support ring.

[0021] The guide ring can in principle be arranged independently of the spinning ring support ring. For example, the latter can be arranged on a machine frame. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the spinning ring support ring and the guide ring are connected to one another, in particular are formed integrally. According to this embodiment of the invention, the spinning ring support ring and the guide ring form a pot-like structure, wherein the floating arrangement of the spinning ring, preferably the magnetic field generated between the spinning ring support ring and the spinning ring, achieves vertical positioning of the spinning ring, and the radial positioning of the spinning ring is achieved through the interaction of the spinning ring circumferential surface with the inner surface of the guide ring or the magnetic field generated between the guide ring and the spinning ring.A spinning ring guide unit designed in this way ensures in a particularly reliable manner an exact positioning of the guide ring relative to the spindle axis or relative to a yarn tube arranged on the spindle axis, wherein the yarn to be wound on the yarn tube is guided through the area between the spinning ring and the guide ring and then guided in the radial direction between the spinning ring support ring and the spinning ring onto the yarn tube.

[0022] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the guide ring extends from the spinning ring support ring to an area above the spinning ring. According to this embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the guide ring facing the spinning ring circumferential surface extends from the spinning ring support ring in the direction of the spindle axis to an area above the upper edge of the spinning ring. This embodiment of the invention ensures particularly reliable radial guidance of the spinning ring within the guide ring, with the inner surface of the guide ring also providing additional guidance for the produced yarn. The part of the guide ring above the upper edge of the spinning ring takes on the function of the balloon limiter sleeve. According to this embodiment, the guide ring and the balloon limiter sleeve are formed as a single piece. Consequently, there is no gap orThere is no transition between the guide ring and the balloon limiter sleeve. This successfully prevents loop formation, i.e., the escape of a yarn loop or loop.

[0023] According to a second embodiment of the invention, for the radial guidance of the spinning ring, i.e. perpendicular to the spindle axis, it is provided that mutually repelling magnets, in particular ring magnets, are arranged on the yarn tube and the spinning ring perpendicular to the spindle axis, which magnets are designed such that the spinning ring is fixed perpendicular to the spindle axis relative to the yarn tube.

[0024] According to this design, a magnetic field generated between the yarn tube and the inner surface of the spinning ring facing the yarn tube radially guides the spinning ring relative to the spindle axis. The design of the magnets, in particular their longitudinal extension on the yarn tube, takes into account the movement sequences of the yarn tube along the spindle axis during the spinning process, thus ensuring a particularly reliable, permanent radial alignment of the spinning ring. Particularly advantageously, the magnets are designed as ring magnets, which ensures a particularly stable fixation of the spinning ring.

[0025] The design of the magnets for generating a magnetic field is fundamentally freely selectable. For example, the use of permanent magnets with a possibly correspondingly repulsive orientation is conceivable in order to generate suitable magnetic fields for the vertical and / or radial arrangement of the spinning ring. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, however, it is provided that the advantageously provided magnets on the guide ring, the support ring, and / or the yarn tube are designed as electromagnets. The use of electromagnets makes it possible to vary the magnetic field, among other things, by changing the electric current, thus enabling particularly precise positioning of the spinning ring relative to the spinning ring guide unit.

[0026] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, in particular in the case of the advantageously provided embodiment of the magnets as electromagnets, a sensor unit is provided which is designed to detect the distance between the spinning ring and the support ring, the spinning ring and the guide ring and / or the spinning ring and the yarn tube.

[0027] The use of a sensor unit enables continuous detection of the position of the spinning ring on the spinning ring guide unit. For example, regardless of the design of the advantageously provided magnets, the sensor unit can detect critical changes in the position of the guide ring and, if necessary, initiate countermeasures before the spinning process is disrupted. When the sensor unit is used in conjunction with electromagnets, the sensor unit can also include a Hall sensor for detecting the distance, which indirectly detects a change in distance by detecting a change in the magnetic field. This allows the magnetic field generated by the electromagnets to be readjusted as needed, thus ensuring a permanently reliable arrangement of the spinning ring on the spinning ring guide unit.If the distance deviates from a target value, the magnetic field can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the electric current. Especially for the vertical positioning of the spinning ring, it is possible to alternate the magnetic field between repulsion and attraction to counteract the thread tension forces caused by the yarn being deflected inward at the lower outer edge of the outer thread guide surface of the spinning ring.

[0028] The longitudinal extension of the balloon limiter sleeve, in particular its vertical orientation relative to the spinning ring guide unit, is generally freely selectable. However, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the balloon limiter sleeve is arranged at least partially coaxially with the spinning ring and / or guide ring.

[0029] According to this embodiment of the invention, the balloon limiter sleeve extends vertically, at least in sections, into a region such that this region is arranged coaxially with the spinning ring and / or guide ring. Accordingly, the balloon limiter sleeve at least partially encloses the spinning ring and thereby particularly reliably prevents the yarn on the spinning ring from emerging from the balloon limiter sleeve in the form of a loop or loop. For a coaxial arrangement of the balloon limiter sleeve, it can, for example, be funnel-shaped in the region coaxial with the spinning ring guide unit.

[0030] The arrangement of the balloon limiter sleeve relative to the advantageously provided guide ring is, in principle, freely selectable, as is the geometric shape of the inner surface of the balloon limiter sleeve. However, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the guide ring is arranged on the inside of the balloon limiter sleeve. According to this embodiment of the invention, the guide ring and the balloon limiter sleeve form a structural unit, with the balloon limiter sleeve being designed in the region of the guide ring such that the thread is reliably guided through the area between the guide ring and the spinning ring. This embodiment of the invention enables a particularly simple and cost-effective construction of the spinning device.

[0031] In principle, the balloon limiter sleeve and / or the guide ring, when arranged appropriately, or arranged relative to each other, ensure sufficient external guidance of the yarn and thus prevent loop formation in the yarn, which would interrupt the spinning process. According to a further embodiment of the invention, a yarn support ring is provided, which is arranged at least partially coaxially with the guide ring and / or the balloon limiter sleeve.

[0032] The yarn support ring is preferably a ring arranged with its inner surface parallel to the spindle axis and coaxial with the guide ring and / or the balloon limiter sleeve, which overlaps the guide ring and / or the balloon limiter sleeve in the spindle axis direction, so that in the event of gaps between the balloon limiter sleeve and the guide ring - viewed perpendicular to the spindle axis - which form passage areas for the yarn in the area between the balloon limiter sleeve and the guide ring, a yarn guide is provided which particularly reliably prevents the formation of loops that would interrupt the spinning process. The yarn support ring can be arranged in any desired manner, e.g., on a machine frame of a spinning machine. It is also conceivable to arrange the yarn support ring on the balloon limiter sleeve. A one-piece design of the yarn support ring and the balloon limiter sleeve is also possible.

[0033] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the balloon limiter sleeve is multi-part, in particular comprising at least two telescopically connected sleeve bodies. The multi-part design of the balloon limiter sleeve makes it possible to provide a thread guide surface that corresponds to the spinning process, thereby ensuring permanent, reliable guidance of the yarn on the balloon limiter sleeve during the vertical movement of the yarn sleeve relative to the spinning ring.

[0034] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the balloon limiter sleeve has an inner cross-section that varies in the direction of the spindle axis. According to this embodiment of the invention, the inner cross-section of the balloon limiter sleeve can, for example, widen or taper in sections toward the spinning ring guide unit, creating funnel-shaped regions. It is also possible to form the balloon limiter sleeve from adjacent, tapered and widened regions in the direction of the spindle axis, creating, for example, a wave-shaped inner surface of the balloon limiter sleeve—as viewed in the direction of the spindle axis. These embodiments of the balloon limiter sleeves make it possible to adapt the inner surface to the spinning process in a special way for guiding the yarn to be spun.

[0035] The invention further achieves this objective by means of a spinning machine, in particular a ring spinning or ring twisting machine, with a spinning device according to the invention or a further development as described above for producing and winding a yarn onto a yarn tube. Such a spinning machine enables spinning processes to be carried out at higher spindle speeds than conventional spinning machines equipped with a ring traveler system. The spinning machine according to the invention can be operated particularly efficiently. At the same time, the spinning machine ensures reliable winding tension, so that the yarn can be wound onto the yarn tube with the tension required for proper winding.

[0036] According to a particularly advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that an advantageously provided sensor unit for detecting the distance between the spinning ring and the support ring, the spinning ring and the guide ring, and / or the spinning ring and the yarn tube is coupled to a control unit designed to vary the electrical current of the magnets, which are advantageously designed as electromagnets. The coupling of the sensor unit to the control unit makes it possible to adjust the current determining the magnetic field via direct detection of the distance or indirect detection of the distance via a change in the magnetic field, thus permanently ensuring reliable alignment of the spinning ring to the spinning ring guide unit. Displacements of the spinning ring caused by thread forces can be reliably compensated by changing the magnetic field via the control unit.

[0037] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the radial distance between the spinning ring and the guide ring is 0.05 mm to 5 mm, preferably 0.25 mm to 1.5 mm. This embodiment of the invention, which ensures a small difference in diameter between the spinning ring and the guide ring, ensures that the yarn to be spun is reliably guided to the yarn tube even if the spinning ring is slightly tilted, since the spinning ring is only supported on the guide ring at two diagonally opposite points, if necessary, and thus sufficient space remains between the support points, into which the yarn can escape and is not clamped during the spinning process, which could lead to a breakdown of the spinning process.

[0038] In order to ensure particularly reliable diagonal support of the spinning ring relative to the guide ring in the event of the spinning ring tipping, the first embodiment of the invention provides that the diagonal diameter of the spinning ring is larger than the diameter of the guide ring. According to this embodiment of the invention, the diagonal diameter of the spinning ring, namely the diameter with which the spinning ring is supported on the guide ring at two diagonally opposite points, is larger than the diameter of the guide ring. This design ensures particularly reliably that in the event of the spinning ring tipping, it rests against the inside of the guide ring, thus ensuring that the spinning process can continue particularly reliably even in the event of tipping.

[0039] Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a sixth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of a seventh embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of an eighth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a ninth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a tenth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 11 is a schematic representation of an eleventh embodiment of a spinning device; Fig.Fig. 12 shows a schematic representation of a twelfth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 13 shows a schematic representation of a thirteenth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 14 shows a first schematic representation of a fourteenth embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 15 shows a second schematic representation of the spinning device of . Figure 14 and Fig. 16a - 16g schematic representations of different embodiments of a balloon limiter sleeve.

[0040] A first embodiment of a spinning device 1a is shown in Figure 1shown in a schematic representation. A yarn 5 fed from a drafting system (not shown here) reaches a yarn tube 8 arranged on a spindle axis 6 in the spinning device 1a, on which the yarn 5 is deposited as a yarn winding 7. To guide the yarn 5 through the spinning device 1a, the latter has a spinning ring guide unit 21a and a balloon limiter sleeve 2a consisting of a first sleeve body 3, each of which is arranged coaxially to the spindle axis 6.

[0041] In the spinning ring guide unit 21a, the yarn 5 is fed radially to the yarn tube 8, onto which it is deposited as a yarn winding 7 due to a rotation of the yarn tube 8. A spinning ring 20a of the spinning ring guide unit 21a serves to radially guide the yarn 5 toward the yarn tube 8, wherein the spinning ring 20a is arranged coaxially to the spindle axis 6. For the axial positioning of the spinning ring 20a relative to the yarn tube 8, the spinning ring guide unit 21a has a spinning ring support ring 18. For positioning the spinning ring 20a in the spindle axis direction relative to the spinning ring support ring 18, the spinning ring support ring 18 has permanent magnets 9a distributed over its circumference, which, in cooperation with magnets 11 arranged opposite one another on the spinning ring 20a in the spindle axis direction, generate a repulsive magnetic field, whereby the spinning ring 20a is positioned suspended above the spinning ring support ring 18.The magnetic field created between the magnets 9a, 11 counteracts the weight of the spinning ring 20a and thus positions the spinning ring 20a at a distance above the spinning ring support ring 18.

[0042] To secure the radial position of the spinning ring 20a relative to the spinning ring guide unit 21a and the yarn tube 8, a guide ring 17a is arranged on the spinning ring support ring 18. The guide ring 17a extends from the spinning ring support ring 18 in the spindle axis direction such that the guide ring 17a is arranged coaxially with the spinning ring 20a. Viewed perpendicular to the spindle axis 6, i.e., opposite one another in the radial direction, magnets 10a, 12 are arranged on the guide ring 17a and the spinning ring 20a such that they repel one another, so that the spinning ring guide unit 21a holds the spinning ring 20a suspended in the radial direction relative to the guide ring 17a and in the vertical direction relative to the spinning ring support ring 18a.

[0043] During the spinning process in which the spinning ring 20a has no rotation or a rotation that is significantly below the spindle speed around the spindle axis 6, the yarn 5 guided along the inside of the sleeve body 3a of the balloon limiter sleeve 2a is reliably wound onto the yarn sleeve 8 as a yarn winding 7.

[0044] In Figure 2 a further embodiment of a spinning device 1b is shown, which differs in the design of the spinning ring guide unit 21b from that shown in Figure 1 Compared to the spinning device 1a shown in Figure 1 In the spinning device 1a shown, the spinning ring support ring 18 and the guide ring 17a instead of the Figure 1 The permanent magnets 9a, 10a shown have electromagnets 9b, 10b which interact with the permanent magnets 11, 12 on the spinning ring 20a to generate a repulsive magnetic field.

[0045] Distance sensors 22 in the area between the spinning ring support ring 18 and the spinning ring 20a as well as the guide ring 17a and the spinning ring 20a enable an adjustment of the electric current of the electromagnets 9b, 10b for the exact alignment of the spinning ring 20a on the spinning ring guide unit 21b when changes in distance occur, for example as a result of the thread tension forces acting during the spinning process.

[0046] The Figure 3 The spinning device 1c shown differs from the one in Figure 1 The spinning device 1a shown in FIG. 1 is characterized by the design of the radial guidance of the spinning ring 20b on the spinning ring guide unit 21c. Thus, the spinning ring 20b, in contrast to the spinning device 1a shown in FIG. 1, Figure 1The spinning ring 20a shown has magnets 13 facing the yarn tube 8, which interact with magnets 14a arranged on the yarn tube 8 in such a way that a repulsive magnetic field is formed between the magnets 13, 14a for radial positioning, i.e., perpendicular to the spindle axis 6, of the spinning ring 20b. Furthermore, the spinning ring guide unit 21c and the spinning device 1c have a structure identical to that of the spinning ring guide unit 21a and spinning device 1a, respectively.

[0047] In Figure 4 a further embodiment of the spinning device 1d is shown, which differs from the one shown in Figure 1differs from the spinning device 1a shown in that, in addition to the magnets 11, 12 on the spinning ring 20c, the magnets 13 are arranged, which interact with the magnets 14a arranged on the yarn tube 8. Thus, a radial alignment of the spinning ring 20c on the spinning ring guide unit 21d, or relative to the yarn tube 8, takes place both via an interaction between the magnets 10a on the guide ring 17a, and the magnets 12 on the spinning ring 20c, as well as via an interaction between the magnets 13 on the spinning ring 20c and the magnets 14a arranged on the yarn tube 8.

[0048] The Figure 5 The spinning device 1e shown with a spinning ring guide unit 21e represents a further modification of the Figure 1illustrated spinning device 1a, in which the magnets 14b arranged on the yarn tube 8 as well as the magnets 9b arranged for vertical alignment on the spinning ring support ring 18 are designed as electromagnets.

[0049] Figure 6 represents a further embodiment of a spinning device 1l, in which the spinning device 1l has a yarn support ring 24, which is arranged coaxially to the spinning ring support ring 18 and to the guide ring 17a as well as coaxially to the balloon limiter sleeve 2m such that a gap - viewed in the spindle axis direction 6 - between the balloon limiter sleeve 2m and the guide ring 17a is covered by the yarn support ring 24, thereby preventing loop formation that would disrupt the spinning process. The inner surface of the yarn support ring 24 of the Figure 6is designed parallel to the spindle axis 6. In this way, the support of the yarn perpendicular to the spindle axis 6 is particularly reliable. But also the funnel-shaped attachment of the balloon limiter sleeve 2a of the Figures 1 to 5 has the function of a yarn support ring.

[0050] In the Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the yarn support ring 24 is connected to the balloon limiter sleeve 2m. In contrast, in the illustrated Figure 7 In the spinning device 1m shown, the yarn support ring 24 is neither connected to the balloon limiter sleeve 2n nor to the guide ring 17a, but is arranged coaxially spaced from it. As shown in the Figure 6 The embodiment shown also represents the Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the yarn support ring 24 with its inner surface facing the spindle axis 6 provides support for the yarn 5.

[0051] Figure 8represents a further embodiment of a spinning device 1f, in which, in contrast to the Figures 1 to 7 In the spinning devices 1a to 1e shown, the spinning ring guide unit 21f is formed solely by a guide ring 17b coaxially surrounding the spinning ring 20d. To generate a magnetic field that fixes the spinning ring 20d relative to the guide ring 17b, magnets 16 are arranged on the guide ring 17b. These magnets, together with magnets 15 on the spinning ring 20d, generate a magnetic field that positions the spinning ring 20d relative to the guide ring 17b both in the direction of the spindle axis and perpendicular to the spindle axis 6.

[0052] For the uniform distribution of the yarn 5 as yarn unwinding 7 on the yarn tube 8 in the axial direction, the yarn tube 8 is arranged adjustable in the spindle axis direction relative to the balloon limiter sleeve 2b having a first sleeve body 3b and a second sleeve body 4a.

[0053] Figure 9represents an alternative design to that in Figure 8 spinning device 1f shown, which has a corresponding spinning ring guide unit 21f. Deviating from the Figure 8 The spinning device 1f shown in Figure 7 The spinning device 1g shown has an alternative design of the balloon limiter sleeve 2c, wherein the first sleeve body 3b is telescopically connected to the second sleeve body 4b, so that a uniform winding of the yarn 5 on the yarn sleeve 8 is achieved by an axial displacement of the first sleeve body 3b relative to the second sleeve body 4b and the yarn sleeve 8.

[0054] Figure 10represents a further embodiment of a spinning device 1h, which has a balloon limiter sleeve 2d having a single sleeve body 3c. A yarn winding 7 is created by displacing the balloon limiter sleeve 2d and / or the yarn sleeve 8 in the direction of the spindle axis, with the yarn 5 being fed to the balloon limiter sleeve 2g through a thread guide ring 23.

[0055] Figure 11 represents an alternative design to that in Figure 8 illustrated spinning device 1h, in which the balloon limiter sleeve 2e is formed by a first sleeve body 3b which has a cylindrical section and a funnel-shaped section facing the spinning ring guide unit 21f.

[0056] The Figure 12 The spinning device 1j shown represents a further embodiment of the Figures 6 to 9in combination with different balloon limiter sleeves 2b to 2e, in which the balloon limiter sleeve 2f is formed by two cylindrical sleeve bodies 3c, 4c, wherein the first sleeve body 3c and the second sleeve body 4c are telescopically connected to one another.

[0057] Figure 13 represents an alternative embodiment of a spinning device 1k, which, compared to the one shown in Figure 9 The spinning device 1g shown has a sleeve body 3b with a section tapering towards the thread guide ring 23.

[0058] In the Figures 14 and 15A further embodiment of a spinning device 1n is shown. The spinning device 1n has a guide ring 17c connected to the spinning ring support ring 18, which adjoins the spinning ring support ring 18 in an outer region and extends in the direction of the spindle axis 6, so that the spinning ring support ring 18 and the guide ring 17c form a pot-like receptacle within which the spinning ring 20e is arranged coaxially to the spindle axis 6.

[0059] To space the spinning ring 20e in the vertical direction, ie in the spindle axis direction above the spinning ring support ring 18, permanent magnets 9a, 11 are arranged on the spinning ring support ring 18 and vertically opposite on the spinning ring 20e in such a way that a magnetic field with a repulsive effect is generated between them, which counteracts the vertically acting weight force of the spinning ring 20e and thus keeps the spinning ring 20e suspended relative to the spinning ring support ring 18.

[0060] Perpendicular to the spindle axis 6, i.e. in the radial direction, the inner surface of the guide ring 17c forms a guide surface for the spinning ring peripheral surface of the spinning ring 20e, so that the guide ring 17c forms a mechanical guide for the spinning ring 20e in the radial direction. The distance between the spinning ring peripheral surface and the inner surface of the guide ring 17c is dimensioned such that the yarn 5 can be reliably guided past the spinning ring peripheral surface and between the spinning ring 20e and the spinning ring support ring 17c and then reliably wound as a yarn winding 7 on the yarn tube 8. The radial distance between the spinning ring peripheral surface and the inner surface of the guide ring 17c is dimensioned such that at least the yarn 5 to be spun can still fit through, even if, as in Figure 15shown, the spinning ring 20e is tilted relative to the spindle axis 6, whereby sufficient space for the yarn 5 remains, if necessary due to a small difference in diameter between the spinning ring outer surface and the inner surface of the guide ring 17c.

[0061] The guide ring 17c extends from the spinning ring support ring 18 to an area above the upper edge of the spinning ring 20e. In the area above the spinning ring 20e, the inner surface of the guide ring 17c serves as a guide for the yarn 5, similar to a balloon limiter sleeve.

[0062] Different designs of the balloon limiter sleeve 2g to 2l are shown in the Figures 16a to 16g For example, the Figure 16a The balloon limiter sleeve 2g shown has a cross-section that widens towards a spinning ring guide unit 21a to 21f, not shown here. Figure 16bThe balloon limiter sleeve 2h shown has cylindrical and funnel-shaped sections which adjoin one another in the spindle axis direction.

[0063] The Figure 16c The balloon limiter sleeve 2i shown has an inner cross-section tapering in the direction of a spinning ring guide unit 21a to 21f, with cylindrical sections alternately adjoining sections with a funnel-shaped configuration.

[0064] The Figure 16e The balloon limiter sleeve 2j shown has, viewed in the spindle axis direction, several sections with tapered or widened inner cross-sections, wherein the sections adjoin one another in the spindle axis direction.

[0065] The Figures 16f and 16g The balloon limiter sleeves 2k, 2l shown show an inner surface which has a wave-shaped course in the spindle axis direction. List of reference symbols

[0066] 1a - 1nSpinning device 2a - 2nBalloon limiter sleeve 3a - 3cFirst sleeve body 4a - 4cSecond sleeve body 5Yarn 6Spindle axis 7Yarn winding 8Yarn sleeve 9a, 9bMagnet (support ring) 10a, 10bMagnet (guide ring) 11Magnet (vertical spinning ring) 12Magnet (radial spinning ring -> guide ring) 13Magnet (radial spinning ring -> yarn sleeve) 14a, 14bMagnet (yarn sleeve) 15Magnet (radial + vertical spinning ring) 16Magnet (radial + vertical guide ring) 17a - 17cGuide ring 18Spinning ring support ring 20a - 20eSpinning ring 21a - 21fSpinning ring guide unit 22Distance sensors 23Thread guide ring 24Yarn support ring

Claims

1. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) for a ring spinning machine or ring twisting machine, which apparatus has: - a spinning spindle for holding a yam tube (8) in coaxial alignment with a spindle axis (6), - a spinning ring (20a - 20e) arranged coaxially to the spindle axis (6) for externally guiding a yam (5) to be wound on the yam tube (8) and - a spinning ring guide unit (21a - 21f) arranged coaxially to the spindle axis (6), the spinning ring (20a - 20e) being floatingly fixed to the spinning ring guide unit (21a - 21f) in the spindle axis direction, and the spinning ring guide unit (21a - 21f) having a guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) which is arranged coaxially and at a distance from a spinning ring peripheral surface, characterized by a balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n) arranged coaxially to the spindle axis (6) such that the yarn (5) is guided on an inner side of the balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n), the diagonal diameter of the spinning ring (20a - 20e), i.e. the diameter with which the spinning ring is supported at two diagonally opposite points on the guide ring in the event of tilting of the spinning ring, being larger than the inner diameter of the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c).

2. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spinning ring (20a - 20e) is floatingly fixed to the spinning ring guide unit (21a - 21f) in the spindle axis direction via a magnetic field.

3. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spinning ring (20a - 20e) is fixed, perpendicular to the spindle axis direction, to the spindle ring guide unit (21a - 21f) via a magnetic field.

4. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spinning ring (20a - 20e) and the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) have mutually repelling magnets (10a, 10b, 12, 15, 16), in particular ring magnets, situated opposite one another perpendicular to the spindle axis (6), which magnets are formed such that the spinning ring (20a - 20e) is fixed in the spindle axis direction and / or perpendicular to the spindle axis (6) opposite the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c).

5. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spinning ring guide unit (21a - 21f) has a spinning ring support ring (18) arranged coaxially to the spindle axis (6) and vertically below the spinning ring (20a - 20e), the spinning ring (20a - 20e) and the spinning ring support ring (18) having mutually repelling magnets (9a, 9b, 11), in particular ring magnets, arranged opposite one another in the spindle axis direction, which magnets are formed such that the spinning ring (20a - 20e) is arranged, in the spindle axis direction, vertically spaced from the spinning ring support ring (18).

6. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to claim 5, characterized in that the spinning ring support ring (18) and the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) are connected to one another, in particular are integrally formed.

7. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) extends from the spinning ring support ring (18) to a region above the spinning ring (2a - 20e).

8. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the magnets (9b, 10b, 15, 16) on the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) and / or on the support ring (20a - 20e) are formed as electromagnets (9b, 10b, 15, 16).

9. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of claims 5 to 8, characterized by a sensor unit for detecting the distance between the spinning ring (20a - 20e) and the spinning ring support ring (18) and / or the distance between the spinning ring (20a - 20e) and the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c).

10. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n) is arranged at least partially coaxially to the spinning ring (20a - 20e) and / or guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c).

11. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) is arranged on the inner side of the balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n).

12. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of claims 5 to 11, characterized by a yarn support ring (24) arranged at least partially coaxially to the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) and / or to the balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n).

13. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n) is made up of several parts, in particular at least two telescopically connected tube bodies (3a - 3c, 4a - 4c).

14. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n) has an inner cross-section that changes in the direction of the spindle axis.

15. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial distance between the spinning ring (20a - 20e) and the guide ring (17a, 17b, 17c) is 0.05 mm to 5 mm, preferably 0.25 mm to 1.5 mm.

16. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) for a ring spinning machine or ring twisting machine, which apparatus has: - a spinning spindle comprising a holder aligned coaxially to a spindle axis (6), which holder has a yarn tube (8), - a spinning ring (20a - 20e) arranged coaxially to the spindle axis (6) for externally guiding a yarn (5) to be wound on the yarn tube (8) and - a spinning ring guide unit (21a - 21f) arranged coaxially to the spindle axis (6), the spinning ring (20a - 20e) being floatingly fixed to the spinning ring guide unit (21a - 21f) in the spindle axis direction, characterized by a balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n) arranged coaxially to the spindle axis (6) such that the yarn (5) is guided on an inner side of the balloon limiter tube (2a - 2n), and by mutually repelling magnets (13, 14a, 14b), in particular ring magnets, situated opposite one another perpendicular to the spindle axis (6) on the yarn tube (8) and the spinning ring (20a - 20e), which magnets are formed such that the spinning ring (20a - 20e) is fixed perpendicular to the spindle axis (6) opposite the yarn tube (8).

17. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to claim 16, characterized in that the magnets (9b, 10b, 15, 16) on the yarn tube (8) are formed as electromagnets (9b, 10b, 15, 16).

18. Spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) according to one or more of claims 16 or 17, characterized by a sensor unit for detecting the distance between the spinning ring (20a - 20e) and the yarn tube (8).

19. Ring spinning machine or ring twisting machine, comprising a spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) for producing and winding a yarn (5) on a yarn tube (8), characterized in that the spinning apparatus (1a - 1n) is formed according to one or more of claims 1 to 18.