METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A RAIL VEHICLE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for producing a rail vehicle and to a rail vehicle.

[0002] Rail vehicles, particularly rail vehicles for passenger transport and preferably rail vehicles for local public transport such as trams, light rail vehicles, subways or commuter trains as well as multiple units for regional rail traffic, must have a maximum height difference between the entry edge and a platform in order to be considered barrier-free. However, shell distortions, component and assembly tolerances lead to different entry heights for each door in a car body. In coupled rail vehicles mounted on bogies, the problem is further exacerbated when all the doors of a rail vehicle are compared with each other. It is not possible to compensate for these tolerances during the installation of the floor and door sill strip, as these occur at the very beginning of the assembly process and the overall tolerances of the rail vehicle are not yet known.In a fully assembled rail vehicle, these differences can be compensated for by shims on bogies or joints between car bodies. However, due to the coupling of the car bodies, the level of the entry edges can only be adjusted with significant remaining deviations, especially in articulated railcars.

[0003] The current state of the art is to reduce large differences in door entry heights by installing shims on bogies and joints between car bodies. However, this is very complex. Furthermore, differences in entry heights may still not be reduced to the required extent. The car bodies are then fully manufactured, and only then are the shims installed to reduce the height differences.

[0004] Document DE 10 2013 200704 A1 describes a gap-bridging arrangement in the lower area of ​​a rail vehicle door panel. This arrangement is arranged on the car body in the door area of ​​rail vehicles in the form of a height-adjustable ram strip. This allows manufacturing tolerances of the entry and exit edges of the car body shell and the bogies to be compensated.

[0005] The invention is based on the object of providing an alternative way to reduce differences in door entry heights. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of providing a rail vehicle with such reduced differences in entry heights.

[0006] These problems are solved by the subject matter of the independent patent claims. Advantageous further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0007] To manufacture a rail vehicle, the following steps are performed. First, the rail vehicle, consisting of at least one car body and wheels, is positioned on a leveled track. The car body has at least one door. The height of a movable entry edge of the door is then adjusted based on a specified height relative to the leveled track. The entry edge is then secured.

[0008] By adjusting the height of the entry edge on the finished rail vehicle on the leveled track, height tolerances between the door entrances can be compensated without having to resort to the complex methods of shims on bogies and joints. This makes it easier to meet the increased requirements for barrier-free access to rail vehicles.

[0009] In one embodiment of the process, the rail vehicle consists of several coupled car bodies. The height adjustment and fixing of the entry edge are carried out individually for each door. This enables a simple manufacturing process that essentially eliminates the need for shims on bogies and joints.

[0010] According to the invention, the car body comprises a height-adjustable step rail. The height of an entry edge is adjusted by adjusting the height-adjustable step rail. In particular, it can be provided that all door areas of the car body or car bodies have such a height-adjustable step rail, and the height adjustment is carried out for all height-adjustable step rails.

[0011] In the inventive embodiment of the method, the height-adjustable step rail comprises a bearing and a step rail surface. The bearing allows the step rail surface to rotate about an axis. The height of the step rail is adjusted by rotating it about the axis. This allows for easy height adjustment of the entry edge.

[0012] In the embodiment of the method according to the invention, the entry edge is fixed by fixing the height-adjustable step strip.

[0013] In one embodiment of the method, the height-adjustable tread is secured by means of at least one support element between a support element firmly connected to the car body and the height-adjustable tread. This enables easy height adjustment and securing.

[0014] In one embodiment of the method, the height-adjustable tread is secured using a screw connection. This also allows for easy height adjustment and securing.

[0015] In one embodiment of the method, a first fixing element and a second fixing element are screwed together. The first fixing element has a round through-hole. The second fixing element has an elongated hole. Either the second fixing element can be attached to the height-adjustable step rail and the first fixing element connected to the car body, or the first fixing element can be attached to the height-adjustable step rail and the second fixing element connected to the car body. Furthermore, the first fixing element can have an elongated hole and the second fixing element can have a round through-hole.

[0016] In one embodiment of the method, the height-adjustable tread strip is fixed by riveting, gluing or welding.

[0017] In one embodiment of the method, the height of the entry edge can be adjusted by up to 100 millimeters, preferably up to 60 millimeters, by adjusting the height of the entry edge. This allows for compensation for manufacturing tolerances of the car body.

[0018] The invention further comprises a rail vehicle with at least one car body and wheels, wherein the car body has at least one door. The rail vehicle further comprises a height-adjustable entry edge of the door fixed at a predetermined height. The height adjustment and fixing of the entry edge can be achieved using the method according to the invention.

[0019] In the embodiment of the rail vehicle according to the invention, the entry edge is designed as a height-adjustable step rail.

[0020] In the rail vehicle embodiment according to the invention, the height-adjustable tread comprises a bearing and a tread surface. The bearing allows the tread surface to be rotated about an axis, and the height of the tread can be adjusted by rotating it about the axis.

[0021] The above-described properties, features and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more readily understood through the explanations of the following, highly simplified, schematic representations of preferred embodiments. In each case, FIG 1 shows a rail vehicle; FIG 2 shows a cross-section through a rail vehicle during production; FIG 3 shows a cross-section through a height-variable tread; FIG 4 shows a front view of the height-variable tread; FIG 5 shows a front view of a support element for fixing the height-variable tread; FIG 6 shows a cross-section through another height-variable tread; FIG 7 shows a cross-section through another rail vehicle during production; and FIG 8 shows a side view of another height-variable tread.

[0022] In the illustrations, identical or similar elements, i.e. elements that have the same technical effect, are designated by identical reference symbols.

[0023] FIG 1 shows a perspective view of a rail vehicle 10 configured as a tram vehicle. The rail vehicle 10 has wheels 11 and a total of five car bodies 100. Of course, a different number of car bodies 100 can generally be provided, in particular just one car body 100. The rail vehicle 10 has an optional pantograph 20 and an optional train destination indicator 21 arranged on a front 30 of the rail vehicle. Furthermore, an optional windshield 31 and a driver's cab 32 are arranged on the front 30.

[0024] In this exemplary embodiment, the rail vehicle 10 is a one-way tram vehicle. This means that doors 12 are arranged on only one side of the rail vehicle 10. Furthermore, the rail vehicle 10 has optional windows 13.

[0025] If the rail vehicle 10 is designed as a bidirectional vehicle in an alternative embodiment not shown here, doors 12 can also be arranged on the FIG 1 non-visible side of the rail vehicle. In this case, the rail vehicle 10 can in particular also be a tram vehicle, but also a light rail vehicle, a subway vehicle, a commuter rail vehicle, or a railcar for regional rail traffic.

[0026] FIG 2 shows a cross-section through a rail vehicle 10 during production. In particular, a cross-section through a car body 100 is shown, which as in FIG 1 The rail vehicle 10 is arranged on a leveled track 52 with two rails 51. A floor 101 is arranged in an interior 15 of the rail vehicle 10. The rail vehicle 10 can be entered from a door 12. A height template 55 specifies a predetermined entry height to which an entry area 102 of the rail vehicle 10 is to be adapted. The height of the height template 55 can be aligned to the conditions of a rail network, for example, a tram network. To manufacture the rail vehicle 10, the following process steps can be carried out: Providing the rail vehicle 10 consisting of at least one car body 100 and wheels 11, wherein the car body 100 has at least one door 12, on a leveled track 52; adjusting the height of a movable entry edge 107 of the door 12 based on a predetermined height relative to the leveled track 52, which can be done using the height template 55; fixing the entry edge 107.

[0027] By adjusting the height of the entry edge 107 on the finished rail vehicle 10 on the leveled track 52, height tolerances of the door entrances or entry areas 102 can be compensated for without having to resort to the complex methods of inserting shims on bogies and joints. The increased requirements for barrier-free access to the rail vehicle 10 can thus be more easily met.

[0028] In FIG 2 Furthermore, an optional boarding ramp 105 is arranged in the boarding area 102, whereby the boarding ramp 105 can be used to overcome a height difference between the boarding edge 107 and the floor 101. This can be used in particular for trams, whereas in S-Bahn or U-Bahn trains, the boarding area 102 is generally horizontal and the boarding ramp 105 can be omitted. Independently of this, height-adjustable treads 106 can also be provided for S-Bahn or U-Bahn trains, with which an boarding edge 107 can be adjusted.

[0029] If the rail vehicle 10 consists of several coupled car bodies 100, as shown in the example in FIG 1 As shown, the height adjustment and fixation of the entry edge 107 can be performed individually for all doors 12. This enables a significantly simpler process for manufacturing the rail vehicle 10 compared to the complex methods using inserts on bogies and joints of the prior art.

[0030] Also in FIG 2 It is shown that the car body 100 includes a height-adjustable step bar 106. The height of the entry edge 107 can then be adjusted by adjusting the height-adjustable step bar 106.

[0031] FIG 3 shows a cross section through a height-adjustable tread 106, as used for example in FIG 2 can be used. The height-adjustable tread 106 comprises a bearing 112 and a tread surface 111. By means of the bearing 112, the tread surface 111 can be rotated about an axis. By means of a rotation about the axis, the height of the tread 106 is adjusted. The height-adjustable tread 106 further has a support element 113 which is connected to the floor 101. The support element 113 can be fixedly connected to the car body 100. By means of the bearing 112, a height of the tread surface 111 can be adjusted, wherein the tread surface 111 can rest on the support element 113 in a lowest position.

[0032] Also in FIG 3 It is shown that the tread 111 has a first front panel 115 on a side facing the door 12 and the support element 113 has a second front panel 116 on a side facing the door 12. A screw connection 117, in FIG 3 indicated by a dashed line, can be used to fix the height-adjustable tread 106. Also in FIG 3 Shown is a door seal 17 at the lower end of the door 12, which extends to the first front panel 115. The door seal 17 can, in particular, be designed such that, in all possible positions of the tread surface 111, a tight seal between the door 12 and the first front panel 115 is created by means of the door seal 17.

[0033] In one embodiment, the entry edge 107 is fixed by fixing the height-variable step strip 106.

[0034] FIG 4 shows a front view of the height-adjustable step rail 111, and in particular of the first front panel 115. The first front panel 115 has two round through holes 118. The first front panel 115 can act as the first fixing element 131.

[0035] FIG 5 shows a front view of the support element 113 and, in particular, of the second front panel 116. The second front panel 116 has two elongated holes 119. The second front panel 116 can act as a second fixing element 132.

[0036] After adjusting the height of the height-adjustable tread strip 106, the screw connection 117 can be established using the through-holes 118 in the first front panel 115 and the elongated holes 119 in the second front panel 116. Furthermore, a configuration is also possible in which the through-holes 118 are arranged in the second front panel 116 and the elongated holes 119 are arranged in the first front panel 115. Additionally, more than two through-holes 118 and more than two elongated holes 119 can be provided, whereby the number of through-holes 118 and elongated holes 119 can be identical.

[0037] FIG 6 shows another height-adjustable tread 106, which can also be used to adjust the height of the entry edge 107. The adjustment and / or fixing of the height-adjustable tread 106 is carried out in this case by means of at least one support element 121 between the support element 113, which is firmly connected to the car body 100, and the tread surface 111 of the height-adjustable tread 106. In a lowest position, the support elements can also be omitted. FIG 6 Four shims 121 are arranged between the support element 113 and the tread surface 111, whereby the exact number of shims 121 can be selected and inserted using the height template 55. In the lowest application case, shims can also be omitted, depending on the design.

[0038] Also in FIG 6 The first front panel 115 of the tread surface 111 is shown. Since the fixing is carried out by means of the support elements 121, the second front panel 116 of the support element 113 is not necessary. Furthermore, FIG 6 shown that the tread surface 111 is optionally screwed to the support element 113 by means of a screw connection 117 guided through the support elements 121.

[0039] The tread 111 of the Fig 3 can also be used with the spacers 121 of the Fig. 6 This allows for simpler screw connections with reduced thrust forces.

[0040] FIG 7 shows a cross-section through another rail vehicle 10 during production, which corresponds to the rail vehicle 10 of the FIG 2 corresponds, unless differences are described below. In this exemplary embodiment, the entire entry ramp 105 is designed as a height-variable step bar 106, with which the height of the entry edge 107 can be adjusted. This means in particular that the height-variable step bar 106 has a larger dimension into the passenger compartment 15 as viewed from the door 12. In particular, the height-variable step bar 106 can be used to adjust the gradient of the entry ramp 105. This enables an even more flexible manufacturing process, since significantly greater height differences of the entry edge 107 can be adjusted here. Thus, for example, rail vehicles 10 for different networks can be manufactured with different entry heights, which only differ in the gradient of the entry ramp 105 and which are adapted to the specified entry heights. The rail vehicles 10 can therefore be produced more cost-effectively.

[0041] The fixing of the height-adjustable step rail 106 and thus of the entry ramp 105 can be carried out as described in connection with the FIG 3 bis 6 explained.

[0042] FIG 8 shows a side view of the height-adjustable step rail 106 of the FIG 7 with a further possibility for fixing the tread surface 111. The support element 113 has first fixing elements 131 with round through holes 118. The tread surface 111 has second fixing elements 132 with elongated holes 119. Here, too, a screw connection 117 can be formed through the through holes 118 and the elongated holes 119 after adjusting the height of the entry edge 107.

[0043] Alternatively or additionally, the height-adjustable step rail 106 can be secured by riveting, gluing, or welding. Furthermore, the height of the step edge 107 can be adjusted by up to 100 millimeters, preferably up to 60 millimeters, by adjusting the height of the step edge 107.

[0044] As in connection with the FIG 2 bis 8 As explained, the rail vehicle 10 of the FIG 1i.e., a height-adjustable entry edge 107 of the door 12 that is fixed at a predetermined height. The entry edge 107 can be designed as a height-variable tread 106. The height-variable tread 106 can comprise a bearing 112 and a tread surface 111, wherein the bearing 112 allows the tread surface 111 to be rotated about an axis, and the height of the tread 106 can be adjusted by rotating it about the axis. In particular, each of the doors 12 of the rail vehicle 10 can have an entry edge 107 that is fixed at a predetermined height.

[0045] Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited to the disclosed examples and other variations may be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. Method for producing a rail vehicle (10) having the following steps: - providing the rail vehicle (10) consisting of at least one car body (100) and wheels (11), wherein the car body (100) has at least one door (12) and a moveable entry edge (107), wherein the moveable entry edge (107) is arranged behind the at least one door (12) inside the at least one car body (100), on a levelled track (52); - adjusting the height of the moveable entry edge (107) on the basis of a predefined height relative to the levelled track (52), wherein the moveable entry edge (107) is configured as a height-variable footboard (106), wherein the height-variable footboard (106) comprises a bearing (112), a footboard surface (111) and a support element (113) which is connected to the floor (101) of the car body (100), wherein the bearing (112) is connected to the support element (113), wherein, by means of the bearing (112), the footboard surface (111) is rotatable about an axis, and the height of the footboard (106) is adjusted by means of a rotation about the axis; - securing the entry edge (107).

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the rail vehicle consists of a number of coupled car bodies (100) and the height adjustment and securing of the entry edge (107) take place for all doors (12) on an individual basis.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein securing of the entry edge (107) takes place such that the height-variable footboard (106) is secured.

4. Method according to claim 3, wherein securing of the height-variable footboard (106) takes place by means of at least one underlay element (121) between a support element (113) which is connected to the car body (100) in a fixed manner and the height-variable footboard (106).

5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein securing of the height-variable footboard (106) takes place by means of a screw connection (117).

6. Method according to claim 5, wherein a first fixing element (131) and a second fixing element (132) are screwed to one another, wherein the first fixing element (131) has a round through-hole (118) and the second fixing element (132) has an elongated hole (119) or the first fixing element (131) has an elongated hole (119) and the second fixing element (132) has a round through-hole (118).

7. Method according to one of claims 3 to 6, wherein securing the height-variable footboard (106) takes place by means of riveting or adhesive bonding or welding.

8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, by means of the height adjustment of the entry edge (107), a height of the entry edge (107) can be adjusted by up to one hundred millimetres, preferably up to sixty millimetres.

9. Rail vehicle with at least one car body (100) and wheels (11), wherein the car body (100) has at least one door (12), furthermore having a height-adjustable entry edge (107) which is secured at a predefined height, characterised in that the height-adjustable entry edge (107) is arranged behind the at least one door (12) inside the at least one car body (100), wherein the entry edge (107) is configured as a height-variable footboard (106), wherein the height-variable footboard (106) comprises a bearing (112), a footboard surface (111) and a support element (113) which is connected to the floor (101) of the vehicle (100), wherein the bearing (112) is connected to the support element (113), and, by means of the bearing (112), the footboard surface (111) is rotatable about an axis, and the height of the footboard (106) can be adjusted by means of a rotation about the axis.