LOCKING PLATE WITH SCREWED-IN THREADED RODS

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a tension plate for introducing primarily tensile forces, but also compressive forces, into the subsoil according to the preamble of the patent claim.

[0002] For example, the end of tension struts is attached to such a guying plate, which can be used to guy masts, antennas, guy wires and the like, but also inclined supports or masts.

[0003] The guy wire plate essentially consists of a base plate, which is placed on the substrate (e.g., soil, rock, ice, etc.), and threaded rods driven through the base plate. These rods are screwed through corresponding threaded holes in the base plate at different directions and angles, thus anchoring the structure in the soil or rock at different angles and directions. They serve to improve the load-bearing capacity of the anchorage in the substrate.

[0004] EP 2 689 071 B2 shows a tensioning plate which can be used to introduce tensile forces into the subsoil by means of a base plate anchored on the ground which has a number of threads arranged over a surface with different inclinations through which the threaded rods can be screwed in.

[0005] A disadvantage of this known guy wire plate is that only a certain number of threaded rods can be accommodated per base plate, thus limiting the potential for force transmission into the ground. For larger construction projects, more than one of these known guy wire plates is therefore required to ensure the necessary anchorage.

[0006] The invention is therefore based on the objective of further developing a tensioning plate in such a way that, taking into account a flexible surface design, a product is available that is both easy to assemble and easy to install, with which the tensile forces occurring can primarily be introduced into the subsoil.

[0007] The problem is solved according to the invention by the features of the independent claim, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

[0008] An advantageous feature is that the base plate of the tensioning plate consists of a bent profile curved parallel to its longitudinal extent, which is bent upwards at an angle from the surface of the base plate.

[0009] A bent profile, for example, refers to a simply bent profile or an L-profile, but the invention is not limited to these.

[0010] Preferably, it is a bent profile that is bent multiple times parallel to its longitudinal extent.

[0011] This results in increased pull-out strength due to the threaded rod tips penetrating the ground far from the guying plate. The effective area of ​​the guying plate is significantly improved compared to flat designs. This allows for more linear meters of threaded rods to be installed in the direction of force than with conventional flat designs.

[0012] Compared to existing systems, this allows for a higher load-bearing capacity with the same amount of material (e.g., installed linear meters). The higher load-bearing capacity, reduced assembly time, and lower logistical effort thus represent an increase in performance.

[0013] Depending on the intended use, the base plate is made of steel, iron, cast iron, aluminum, or fiberglass. The base plate can, for example, have a length of approximately 83 cm, a width of approximately 42 cm, and a height (excluding the guy arms) of approximately 8 cm, although the present invention is not limited to this.

[0014] The base plate is the main component of the guying plate, which also includes at least the threaded rods, the guying leg, and other small parts. Unless otherwise specified, the terms base plate and guying plate are used synonymously in the following text.

[0015] The base plate preferably has an approximately rectangular plan and comprises at least two planes angled relative to the vertical, which are connected to each other via at least one bending edge. The threads for screwing in the threaded rods are located in these planes. In an alternative embodiment, the base plate has an arrow shape.

[0016] The curves of the plate and the resulting available planes, which in the preferred embodiment accommodate two rows but also one, three or more rows of threaded sleeves, allow the individual threaded sleeves to be aligned at different angles to the normal of the plate. This alignment of the threaded sleeves can thus be optimized for the acting forces.

[0017] In a further embodiment of the invention, the threaded sleeves can also be distributed and not arranged in series in the planes.

[0018] For higher load capacities, several guying plates can be connected to a crossbeam, thus allowing higher forces to be introduced into the ground.

[0019] In the following, the term "plate normal" refers to a straight line that is orthogonal (i.e., perpendicular, at a right angle) to the surface of the plate at a specific point. Since the plate is partially curved, this surface refers to the parts that are not curved and are flat, i.e., parallel to the ground.

[0020] To better illustrate the invention, the planes in which the threaded sleeves are located each have a normal perpendicular to the plane. These normals are hereinafter referred to as surface normals.

[0021] In the preferred embodiment, the rear surface normal of the plane has an angle of 30° and the front surface normal of the plane has an angle of 45° with respect to the plate normal. In other embodiments, however, these angles can have different values, such as 35° and 47°.

[0022] Within such an orientation to the vertical, or within a plane formed by this orientation, the individual threaded sleeves are further fanned out horizontally in their angular orientation. This fanning out means that while the center lines of the threaded sleeves have an angle of, for example, 30° or 45° to the plate normal, within this 30° or 45° plane thus formed, the threaded sleeves also exhibit an additional angle to the surface normal, which is perpendicular to the plane.

[0023] The centerlines of the threaded sleeves, for example, assume an angle between -5° and 20°. The term "centerline," used consistently below, refers to the axis of symmetry of components that are symmetrical in the plane or in space, as depicted in a technical drawing. Since the threaded sleeve is a rotationally symmetrical component, the centerline is also its axis of rotation.

[0024] The threads run within threaded sleeves, which are positioned in recesses in the planes of the base plate at defined angles to its centerline. The threaded sleeves are welded, shrink-fitted, or bonded to the base plate.

[0025] The individual threaded rods are driven into the ground at defined angles through the threaded sleeves due to the different angular orientations of the threaded sleeves.

[0026] As explained above, the threaded sleeves are aligned at an angle to the surface normal of a plane. For example, the centerline alignment is at an angle between 0° and 45° to the plate normal and additionally at an angle between -5° and 20° to the surface normal of a plane.

[0027] For the sake of simplicity, the magnitudes of the angles are given below.

[0028] By driving the threaded rods in at specific angles horizontally and vertically using the tension plate, a three-dimensional anchoring is technically achieved, thus significantly increasing the tensile force, compressive force and shear force of the tension plate.

[0029] A tensioning leg is arranged centrally on the base plate, which serves as a suspension lug / sleeve for mounting a tensioning element or as a support for mounting a column.

[0030] The guy wire has a mounting opening, which is designed either as a suspension lug / sleeve for mounting a guy wire (cable / rod) or as a bearing with bolt / ball for mounting a support. Ideally, the resulting force is in the same line of action as the resulting resistance, e.g., for a guy wire in an overhead line with a guying angle of 30°.

[0031] In The base plate has square positioning openings into which a mounting fastener engages at the beginning of the installation of the device on the substrate and can be removed later once the first threaded rods have been inserted into the substrate.

[0032] The threaded rod is driven in using a screw-in machine, which is described as follows: A specific type of installation machine is used to mount the threaded rods in the base plate. Such a known installation machine consists of a drive motor that rotates a drill chuck designed as a clamping chuck. To anchor the rod with such an installation machine, its rear end is clamped in the drill chuck or clamping chuck, and then its front end is placed onto the thread of the threaded sleeve. The drill is then switched on. The rotating drive progressively drives the threaded rod into the soil or rock below the anchor plate because the threads arranged around its circumference pull the rod into the ground.The threaded rods are screwed in automatically, so to speak, because the feed of the threaded rods is effected by the engagement of the thread of the threaded rods in the threaded holes on the base plate.

[0033] The threaded rod can be inserted into a drive sleeve rotating in the mounting head via an insertion opening arranged on the mounting head, which in turn drives the threaded rod in a longitudinal direction.

[0034] It is known to provide threaded rods with flattened sections on opposite sides, so that the thread pitches are only located outside these flattened sections on the outer circumference of the threaded rod. The standard length of the threaded rods used is 2-4 m, but the present invention is not limited to this length.

[0035] In this way, it is possible to insert the threaded rod into the rotating drive sleeve, which is profiled to match the threaded rod's profile as described above. A force-fit connection is then established with the flat sides of the threaded rod. The drive sleeve is then rotated, and the threaded rod is screwed from top to bottom through the insertion opening in the mounting head, through the threaded bore in the base plate, and driven into the soil or rock with its leading edge. The threaded rod is advanced by engaging the threaded bore in the base plate. It is not necessary to apply manual force to the mounting machine to advance the threaded rod.

[0036] The advantages of the tensioning plate according to the invention are: Short assembly time; high tensile, compressive, and shear strength; versatile use in various terrains; assembly can be performed using either mechanical tools or an electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic screwdriver; easy and straightforward disassembly from the ground; reusability possible; cost-effective price-performance ratio of the anchoring system, as only a small number of guy plates are required; the ratio between material input (approx. 100 kg of steel) and load-bearing capacity (approx. 20 tons) is exceptional. Therefore, it is also particularly environmentally friendly.

[0037] This is a tension plate with fixed threaded sleeves, which are preferably welded in place, but can also be shrunk-fit, glued, etc. The tension plate is characterized in particular by its bends, which serve both to increase rigidity and to adapt to the forces acting upon it. This allows the individual threaded rods to be driven into the ground at defined angles due to the different angular orientations of the threaded sleeves.

[0038] The subject matter of the present invention is not only derived from the subject matter of the individual patent claims, but also from the combination of the individual patent claims with one another.

[0039] All information and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, and in particular the spatial configuration shown in the drawings, could be claimed as essential to the invention, insofar as they are novel individually or in combination compared to the prior art. The use of the terms "essential," "according to the invention," or "essential to the invention" is subjective and does not imply that the features so designated must necessarily be part of one or more patent claims.

[0040] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings illustrating several embodiments. Further essential features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the drawings and their description.

[0041] They show: Figure 1: A perspective view of the base plate of the guying plate. Figure 2: A perspective view of the base plate with inserted threaded sleeves. Figure 3a: Three-dimensional coordinate system supplementing Figure 3 Figure 3: Top view of the guying plate. Figure 4a: Three-dimensional coordinate system supplementing Figure 4a. Figure 4 Figure 4: A right-hand side view of the tensioning plate. Figure 5: An embodiment of a threaded sleeve. Figure 6: An embodiment of a mounted tensioning plate.

[0042] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows the base plate 3 with a rectangular plan, which is bent several times parallel to its longitudinal extent. Starting from the bottom, the base plate has several planes, surfaces, and bending edges, beginning with an upwardly bent end surface 4, which transitions into a bending edge 5. The bending edge 5 also serves as a bearing edge 6, with which the base plate 3 rests on the substrate 2.

[0043] Starting from the bending edge 5, the base plate 3 is bent upwards again, forming the plane 7 into which a plurality of recesses 18 are provided. In a subsequent assembly step, the threaded sleeves 19 are fitted into these recesses 18. In the example shown, the recesses 18 have a hexagonal shape into which the corresponding, also hexagonal, outer profile 21 of the threaded sleeves 19 can be fitted.

[0044] The plane 7 transitions into the bending edge 8, which in turn transitions into the intermediate surface 9, which runs approximately parallel to the substrate 2. In the example shown, the intermediate surface 9 has two positioning openings 23 into which a holding device (not shown) can engage when the tensioning plate 1 is mounted on the substrate 2. This allows the tensioning plate 1 to be fixed in the desired position during the transition period until the first threaded rods 39 have been driven into the substrate 2.

[0045] The intermediate surface 9 transitions via the bending edge 10 into the intermediate surface 11, which is oriented approximately in the direction of the substrate 2. The intermediate surface 11 transitions via the bending edge 12 into the bearing surface 13, which, when the tensioning plate 1 is mounted on the substrate 2, rests flat against it, or at least a flat bearing is intended. Thus, the tensioning plate 1 rests on the substrate 2 with its bearing edge 6 and bearing surface 13.

[0046] The support surface 13, which runs approximately parallel to the substrate 2, also has two positioning openings 23 in the example shown here. A holding device can engage in these openings when the first threaded rods 39 are screwed in, in order to temporarily fix the tensioning plate. Once a sufficient number of threaded rods 39 have been screwed in, the holding device can be removed.

[0047] The support surface 13 transitions via the bending edge 14 into the plane 15, which is bent upwards. A plurality of recesses 18 are arranged in the plane 15, which in the example shown here are also hexagonal.

[0048] The plane 15 transitions via the bending edge 16 into the end surface 17, which has a handle 22 approximately in the middle. The base plate 3 can be moved manually using this handle 22.

[0049] The base plate 3 thus consists of a bent profile that is bent multiple times parallel to its longitudinal extent and is bent upwards at an angle from the plane of the base plate. This is due to the multiple bending edges 5, 8, 10, 14 and 16 which are arranged between the planes 7, 15 and intermediate surfaces 9, 11 as well as end surfaces 4, 17.

[0050] A tensioning leg 24 is positioned vertically in the center of the base plate. The tensioning leg 24 has a mounting opening 25 into which a tensioning element 41 can be inserted. In the example shown, the mounting opening is located in the area of ​​level 7, bending edge 8, and intermediate surface 9. Above bending edge 9, the tensioning leg 24 has a borehole 26 into which tensioning elements or other components can also be inserted.

[0051] The guy wire 24 extends from the intermediate level 9 towards the bearing surface 13 and level 15 with a kink 27. The kink 27 is no higher than the distance of the bending edge 16 from the substrate and ends in level 15 shortly before the start of the bending edge 16. The kink 22, which extends from the surface of the guy wire 24 from a kink located approximately in the region of the bending edge 10, serves to introduce and distribute the tensile forces onto the base plate 3.

[0052] Figure 2Figure 1 shows the tension plate 1, with the threaded sleeves 19 now inserted into the recesses 18 of the base plate 3. The threaded sleeves 19 protrude to varying degrees from planes 7 and 15. For example, the outermost threaded sleeves 19 of a row have a greater length relative to the surface of the plate than the two inner threaded sleeves 19 of such a row. The threaded sleeves 19 also have orientations that deviate from the surface normals 28 and 29 of planes 7 and 15. This orientation at a defined angle enables the targeted insertion of the threaded rod 39 into the substrate 2 and thus a defined splay of the tips of the threaded rods 39 relative to each other.

[0053] Figures 3a and 4aThese figures serve to improve the understanding of the graphical representation of the invention using xyz coordinate axes. For the sake of simplicity, negative angles have been omitted from the representation of the invention, and angle measurements are given only as absolute values. In Figure 3a, the z-axis points into the plane of the drawing and illustrates, in relation to Figure 3 the orientation into the subsurface 2. The x- and y-axes in figures 3a, 3 They thus form a plane on or parallel to the substrate 2. Figure 3 This is the top view of the tensioning plate 1.

[0054] Figure 4a The z-axis again points into the background. The y-axis points towards the viewer, i.e., out of the plane of the drawing. Figure 4 This shows the side view from the right of the tensioning plate 1.

[0055] In the Figures 3, 3a is based on a surface normal 28, 29 of a plane 7, 15. The surface normal 28 is perpendicular to the plane 7 and the surface normal 29 is perpendicular to the plane 15.

[0056] For better understanding, the surface normal was drawn through the center of each recess 18 in which a threaded sleeve 19 is located. Depending on the orientation of the threaded sleeve 19 on or in the planes 7, 15 of the base plate 3, the center line 42, 43 of the threaded sleeve 19 is either coincident with the surface normal 28, 29 or forms an angle α between itself and the surface normal.

[0057] In Figure 3 The threaded sleeves 19 are arranged in a row of five at the top right, next to the tensioning leg 24. The center line 42 of the leftmost threaded sleeve 19 has an angle 31 to the surface normal 29. This angle 31 is 10° in the example shown here and is located to the left of the normal 29.

[0058] The center line of the threaded sleeve 19 to the right of it has an angle 30 to the surface normal 29. This angle 30 is 5° in the example shown here and is located to the left of the normal 29.

[0059] The center line 42 of the middle threaded sleeve 19 of the five-row is aligned in the same direction as the surface normal 29.

[0060] The center line 42 of the threaded sleeve 19 to its right has an angle 31 to the surface normal 29. This angle 31 is 10° in the example shown here and is located to the right of the normal 29.

[0061] The center line 42 of the right outer threaded sleeve 19 has an angle 33 to the surface normal 29. This angle is 20° in the example shown here and is located to the right of the normal 29.

[0062] For this purpose, the alignment of the threaded sleeves 19 to the left of the tensioning leg 24 is a mirror image.

[0063] In the row of four below the right row of five in Figure 3The center lines 43 are also partially arranged at an angle to the surface normal 28.

[0064] The center line 43 of the leftmost threaded sleeve 19 has an angle 31 to the surface normal 28. This angle 31 is 10° in the example shown here and is located to the left of the normal 28.

[0065] The center line 43 of the threaded sleeve 19 to the right of it is aligned in the same way as the surface normal 28 and is therefore 0°.

[0066] The center line 43 of the threaded sleeve 19 to the right of it has an angle 31 to the surface normal 28. This angle 31 is 10° in the example shown here and is located to the right of the normal 28.

[0067] The center line 43 of the right outer threaded sleeve 19 has an angle 32 to the surface normal 28. This angle is 15° in the example shown here and is located to the right of the normal 28.

[0068] In the Figure 4 as well as the explanatory Figure 4aThe figure shows how the entire base plate 3 has a plate normal 44, which is perpendicular to the substrate 2 and to the parallel, flat sections of the base plate, such as the bearing surface 13. This can also be understood as the normal of an uncurved base plate.

[0069] The surface normals have an angle β relative to this plate normal 44, which is indicated by the reference symbol 34 with respect to surface normal 28 and by the reference symbol 35 with respect to surface normal 29. In the example shown here, angle 34 is 30° and angle 35 is 45°.

[0070] Each center line 42, 43 of a threaded sleeve 19 thus describes a straight line in a three-dimensional coordinate system, the origin of which lies at the respective center point of a recess 18, and which passes through an x, y, z point in the coordinate system. This straight line has an angle α with respect to the x-axis and an angle β with respect to the z-axis, where it is assumed that the z-axis points into the substrate, the x-axis runs along the width of the base plate 3, and the y-axis runs along the longitudinal extent of the base plate. For the sake of simplicity, negative angles have been omitted, and only the magnitudes of the angles are given.

[0071] The surface normal 28 is orthogonal to the plane 7 and the surface normal 29 is orthogonal to the plane 15.

[0072] Additionally, in Figure 4The tensioning leg 24 with the oval mounting opening 25 and the borehole 26 is shown, as well as the bending surface 27, with which the tensioning leg extends or abuts in the direction of the plane 15. Tensile forces acting on the tensioning leg 25 can thus be transferred into the base plate 3.

[0073] Figure 5 Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a threaded sleeve 19 with center lines 42, 43. In its upper region, the sleeve 19 has a hexagonal outer profile 21. Tools can engage here, for example. Extending from the outer profile 21, the threaded sleeve 19 has a round-profile intermediate section that transitions into a similarly round-profile end section with a reduced diameter.

[0074] Alternatively, and not shown, the outer profile 21 can also extend over the entire length of the threaded sleeve 19. In this case, the outer profile corresponds to the inner profile of the recess 18 into which the threaded sleeve is inserted and fixed in the base plate 3.

[0075] Figure 6 Figure 1 shows another embodiment of a tension plate 1, which is screwed to the substrate 2 via the threaded rods 39. The threaded sleeves 19 are arranged in the planes 37, 38.

[0076] The planes 37 and 38 are arranged obliquely relative to the substrate, so that their surface normals form an angle with the substrate. The centerlines of the threaded sleeves and the inserted threaded rods are also aligned at a defined angle to these surface normals. This allows for maximum dispersal of the threaded rod tips, resulting in optimal anchoring of the tension plate. Drawing legend

[0077] 1. Tensioning plate 2. Substrate 3. Base plate 4. End surface 5. Bending edge 6. Support edge 7. Plane 8. Bending edge 9. Intermediate surface 10. Bending edge 11. Intermediate surface 12. Bending edge 13. Support surface 14. Bending edge 15. Plane 16. Bending edge 17. End surface 18. Recess 19. Threaded sleeve 20. Thread 21. Outer profile 22. Handle 23. Positioning opening 24. Tensioning leg 25. Mounting opening 26. Borehole 27. Buckling surface 28. Surface normal, first plane 29. Surface normal, second plane 30.5° angle 31.10° angle 32.15° angle 33.20° angle 34.30° angle 35.45° angle 36.. 37. Plane 38. Plane 39. Threaded rod 40. Arrow direction 41. Tensioning element 42. Centerline 43. Centerline 44. Plate normal α Angle of an xy vector to the normal x β Angle of an xz vector to the normal z

Claims

1. A clamping plate (1) for transmitting tensile and compressive forces into the underground (2) by means of threaded rods (39), comprising a base plate (3) anchored at the bottom side, which has a number of threads (20) arranged over an area with different pitches (30-35), through which the threaded rods (39) are screwed in the position of use, characterised in that the base plate (3) consists of a bent profile curved parallel to its longitudinal extension, which is bent upward at an angle from the surface of the base plate (3).

2. The clamping plate (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the base plate (3) has at least two angled planes (7, 15) connected to one another via at least one bending edge (8, 10, 12), and in that the threads (20) for screwing in the threaded rods are located in the at least two planes (7, 15).

3. The clamping plate (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that a first plane (7) is bent at an angle of preferably 30° and a second plane (15) is bent at an angle of preferably 45° relative to a bearing surface (13) of the base plate (3) that rests flat on the underground in the position of use.

4. The clamping plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the threads (20) extend within threaded sleeves (19) which are positioned in recesses (18) in the planes (7, 15) of the base plate (3) at defined angles (30-35).

5. The clamping plate (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the threaded sleeves (19) are oriented at an angle (30-35) relative to the surface normal of a plane (7, 15).

6. The clamping plate (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the angle (30-35) of the threaded sleeves (19) relative to the surface normal (28, 29) of a plane (7, 15) is between 0° and 45°.

7. The clamping plate (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the threaded rods (39) can be orientated at defined angles (30-35) during the screwing-in process into the underground (2) by means of the different angular orientations of the threaded sleeves (19).

8. The clamping plate (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the threaded sleeves (19) are welded, shrink-fitted, or bonded to the base plate (3).

9. The clamping plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the base plate (3) consists of steel, iron, cast iron, aluminium, or fiberglass.

10. The clamping plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the clamping plate (19) has a rectangular outline.

11. The clamping plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a clamping leg (24) is centrally arranged on the base plate (3), which is designed as an attachment tab / sleeve for mounting a clamping element (41) or as a support for mounting a strut.

12. The clamping plate (1) according to claim 11, characterised in that the clamping element (41) is a rope or a rod.

13. The clamping plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that square positioning openings (23) are provided in the base plate (3), which can be engaged by a mounting fastener on the underground (2) at the beginning of the mounting process of the device.

14. The use of the clamping plate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for clamping an overhead line with a clamping angle of 30°.

15. The use of the clamping plate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for mounting on and removal from an underground consisting of soil or rock.