PROJECT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PROJECT

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a projectile comprising a projectile base body having a recess for receiving explosives and, at least in sections, a preferably cylindrical outer surface oriented along a longitudinal axis of the projectile base body. At least one fragmentation group comprising at least two adjacent, annular fragmentation bodies is provided, which are threaded along the outer surface and form a fragmentation section of the projectile. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing such a projectile. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] By definition, a projectile is the weapon-technical term for a solid object that is fired or released from a launching or releasing device. Such a projectile has a base body with a hollow space containing a warhead or explosive charge, which is triggered by a detonator. The external shape of such a projectile is designed to offer as little air resistance as possible.

[0003] A projectile of this type has no inherent propulsion but is accelerated externally. This may require a projectile to be fired, for example, from a launch tube, with a propellant charge and a propellant igniter. After leaving this launching or ejection device, the projectile follows a ballistic trajectory, traveling like a thrown object. Depending on their design and properties, such projectiles are also referred to as grenade bodies, grenade projectiles, grenades, or active elements.

[0004] Regardless of their respective sizes, such projectiles can be divided into so-called mortar shells and artillery shells.

[0005] A mortar or grenade launcher is a high-angle shotgun with a short barrel for firing grenades. Mortar grenades are projectiles fired from a mortar or grenade launcher. A mortar grenade typically already has a basic propellant charge, which is housed, for example, in the tail fin of the projectile. Such a tail fin, which can be attached to the projectile body, serves to stabilize the projectile's trajectory during flight. To fire, a mortar grenade is usually placed at the muzzle of the launch tube and slides down the launch tube. Contact with a firing pin at the closed end of the tube ignites the propellant charge, which propels the mortar grenade out of the launch tube.

[0006] In an artillery shell, the actual projectile, the propellant charge required to launch the projectile, and a propellant igniter are usually separate and only brought together shortly before firing. This makes handling an artillery shell less simple, but it offers increased flexibility. By selecting the appropriate type and quantity of propellant, the launch range can be influenced, and the effect of the combat charge or explosive charge on the target can be influenced by selecting the appropriate ignition device. For example, a standoff fuse can be attached to the projectile nose, which ignites the explosive charge upon impact with the ground. Alternatively, ignition devices can be used that allow the projectile to detonate while it is still in flight. Depending on the intended application, artillery shells can be used with or without a tail fin.Where appropriate, artillery shells may include appropriate control and guidance devices and be designed as guided weapons.

[0007] In summary, projectiles of this type can be configured differently depending on their intended use and may include one or more propellant charges, a propellant igniter, a tail unit to stabilize the trajectory and / or an ignition device, for example a standoff fuse.

[0008] Numerous designs of projectiles with a fragmentation jacket are already known from the state of the art. These projectiles have annular fragmentation elements or fragmentation bodies attached to a projectile body and generate fragments when the explosive charge located in a cavity within the projectile explodes. Such projectiles are also commonly referred to as grenades or fragmentation grenades. A grenade is typically a hollow body containing a warhead or explosive charge that is triggered by a detonator. Such projectiles are classified according to their functional characteristics and their caliber, which is the measure of their largest outer diameter.

[0009] Explosions from conventional projectiles naturally produce projectile fragments of varying mass and size, which has the disadvantage that such fragments of different sizes also have a different effective range depending on their size. Small fragments with a comparatively small mass therefore have only a limited effect within a smaller effective radius, whereas large fragments with a comparatively large mass can be ejected beyond the projectile's intended effective range during the explosion, causing unwanted damage, so-called collateral damage, outside the intended target area of ​​the projectile in question.

[0010] In order to standardize the size distribution of the fragments that arise during the explosion of a projectile and to thereby improve the desired effect of the projectile within the intended area of ​​effect, different approaches for projectiles with a fragmentation jacket are already known.

[0011] For example, EP 0 328 877 A shows a projectile with a fragmentation jacket composed of several individual rings slid onto a cylindrical mandrel of the projectile body. An explosive charge is located within the cylindrical mandrel. The rings are each divided into a number of segments, which form predetermined breaking points and fragment into fragments of the desired size. The segments are joined together by sintering within the rings.

[0012] The disadvantage of this design, however, is that the production of the segmented rings by sintering is complex and the segmented rings are simply attached to the projectile body, which is why the achievable explosion pressure and thus the effective radius of the fragments in the event of an explosion of this projectile essentially only depends on the selected wall thickness of the cylindrical mandrel.

[0013] GB 2 052 694 A, for example, discloses a projectile with a casing composed of coaxial rings. The rings have complementary interlocking formations that prevent radial displacement of the rings. The barrel wall of the projectile can therefore consist solely of the rings, without the need for a projectile body to form an inner or outer shell for the rings. The rings can be bonded together using a heat-resistant resin.

[0014] The disadvantage of this design is that both the precise manufacturing of the interlocking rings and the assembly of the rings, which must be glued together to form a composite casing, are complex. Furthermore, with this projectile, there is a risk that the assembled or glued casing will be destroyed during firing due to the high stresses encountered during use. This poses an increased safety risk for the operating personnel and increases the risk of collateral damage when handling or using such a projectile.

[0015] Furthermore, a projectile with a fragmentation jacket has become known, for example, from FR 1 257 604 A, which can be assembled from the simplest possible, prefabricated parts. To assemble the projectile, a guide sleeve is attached to a warhead, for example by welding. The guide sleeve accommodates a stack of identical rings. A corresponding number of rings can be threaded onto the outside of the guide sleeve or stacked on top of each other inside the guide sleeve. Finally, a base plate, designed as the projectile's tail assembly, is attached to the guide sleeve.

[0016] This design also has the disadvantage that the rings are simply stacked inside or outside the guide sleeve, which is why the achievable explosion pressure and thus the effective radius of the fragments upon projectile explosion depend essentially on the selected wall thickness of the guide sleeve. Furthermore, the rings are made of cast iron or steel, but do not fragment on their own, which is why fragments of varying sizes are again disadvantageously produced upon the explosion of this projectile. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0017] It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages known from the prior art for a generic projectile and to provide an improved projectile with a fragmentation section formed from at least two or more fragmentation bodies, which is as efficient and cost-effective as possible in its production, wherein the production of such a projectile is to be largely standardized and / or automated.

[0018] Furthermore, the invention aims to provide an improved projectile which, in its handling and in use together with corresponding launching devices, for example grenade launchers, offers increased safety for the operating personnel and meets corresponding quality standards.

[0019] Furthermore, the improved bullet is intended to exhibit increased strength compared to prior art bullets, enabling the production of large-caliber bullets. Furthermore, the bullet according to the invention is also intended to exhibit increased fragmentation density and a higher total fragmentation mass, resulting in increased effectiveness compared to conventional bullets of the same type.

[0020] By definition, fragmentation density is the number of effective fragments per unit area as a function of the distance from the projectile's point of impact. The performance characteristic of fragmentation ammunition is usually specified as the distance at which the fragmentation density is 1, meaning one effective fragment per square meter of surface area of ​​a standardized target. By definition, a projectile fragment is classified as "effective" if it penetrates the standardized target—usually steel plates—or creates a material tear in that target.

[0021] By definition, the total fragmentation mass is the mass fraction of fragmentation elements or fragmentation bodies relative to the total mass of the projectile. The greater the fraction of the total fragmentation mass of a projectile, while maintaining the most uniform size distribution of the resulting fragments, the more effective the projectile.

[0022] Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing such an improved projectile. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] These objects are achieved according to the invention in a generic projectile having a projectile base body which has a recess for receiving explosives and, at least in sections, a preferably cylindrical jacket surface oriented along a longitudinal axis of the projectile base body, and wherein at least one fragmentation group comprising at least two mutually adjacent, annular fragmentation bodies is provided, wherein the fragmentation bodies are threaded along the jacket surface and form a fragmentation section of the projectile, in that at least respectively adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group are connected to one another by means of at least one weld bead.

[0024] Further advantageous embodiments and variants of the invention are set out in the description and the dependent claims.

[0025] The design of a projectile according to the invention is based on a projectile base body having a recess for accommodating explosive and, at least in sections, a preferably cylindrical jacket surface oriented in the longitudinal direction of the projectile base body or a corresponding, preferably cylindrical, jacket section. The jacket surface is preferably designed to be substantially rotationally symmetrical and positioned coaxially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile base body. The projectile according to the invention comprises at least one fragmentation group with at least two or more annular fragmentation bodies that are threaded adjacent to one another along the cylindrical jacket surface. The at least two annular fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group, arranged adjacent to one another, form a fragmentation section of the projectile.

[0026] The term "weld bead" is defined below as any welded joint suitable for permanently or firmly bonding together the at least two adjacent, annular fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group by welding. The strength and stability of the projectile structure is advantageously increased by the fragmentation bodies welded together by at least one weld bead.

[0027] The term "welding" refers to the permanent joining of components using heat and / or pressure, with or without the use of filler metals. The result of the welding process, particularly in fusion welding processes, is an intimate, materially bonded connection between the joined components, the welded joint.

[0028] The term "weld bead" used here is independent of the chosen method of manufacturing the welded joint. For example, a pulsed welding process can be used to apply individual weld spots to connect adjacent fragments of a fragment group, with the individual weld spots together forming one or more weld beads. Likewise, one or more weld beads can be produced in the form of a weld seam that is continuous at least in sections. Likewise, within the scope of the invention, one or more weld beads can be arranged in a suitable manner, for example, overlapping, preferably spirally, in order to connect at least adjacent fragments of a fragment group as tightly as possible with a flat weld jacket or to cover the fragments externally with such a flat weld jacket.Furthermore, further welding beads can also be provided in order to fix or connect, for example, the at least two or more adjacent, annular splinter bodies which, in their installed position, are arranged adjacent to one another along the lateral surface.

[0029] The embodiment according to the invention, according to which at least adjacent splinter bodies of a splinter group are connected to one another by means of at least one weld bead, offers numerous advantages: The production of the at least one weld bead for connecting adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group of such a projectile to one another can be largely standardized and / or automated and thus cost-effective. The projectile according to the invention can therefore be manufactured economically while adhering to correspondingly predefined quality standards. The at least one weld bead as a welded connection of at least the adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group of the projectile increases the strength and, consequently, also the safety during handling of the projectile according to the invention. Projectiles according to the invention can also be made available with a large caliber in a particularly advantageous manner, since the welded connection of the at least adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group with at least one or more weld beads ensures sufficient strength and / orStability of the projectile can be guaranteed. Collateral damage, in particular unwanted injuries to personnel entrusted with handling such projectiles, can be avoided due to the construction of the projectile according to the invention being reinforced with one or more weld beads. In the projectile according to the invention, a higher explosion pressure can be built up compared to conventional fragmentation projectiles through the suitable arrangement of one or more weld beads for connecting fragmentation bodies, since the welded fragmentation bodies increase the overall strength and rigidity of the projectile walls. Increased strength and rigidity of the projectile wall is particularly necessary in order to be able to provide projectiles according to the invention of a large design or with a large caliber.Depending on the design of the projectile according to the invention, one or more fragmentation groups can be provided, each comprising at least two or more adjacent, annular fragmentation bodies, wherein the adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group are each connected to one another by at least one weld bead. In this way, projectiles according to the invention can be provided, depending on the selected design or the intended use of the projectile, which have an increased fragmentation density and a higher total fragmentation mass, and thus, a higher effectiveness, compared to conventional projectiles of the same type.

[0030] The fragmentation bodies are preferably made of metal, which is why common welding techniques for welding metals, known per se to those skilled in the art, can be used to join the adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group together with at least one weld bead. The specific material selection, which metals or metal alloys are chosen to manufacture the individual fragmentation bodies, depends on numerous individual factors. Depending on the intended use and size of the projectile, any quality requirements to be met, and ballistic aspects such as the overall mass and the adjustment of the position of the projectile's center of mass, it may be advantageous if individual fragmentation bodies and / or other components of the projectile are made of different metals or metal alloys.

[0031] For example, the metal materials used can differ in their alloy composition and / or density. Within the scope of the invention, for example, individual fragmentation bodies and / or components of the projectile can be made of comparatively lightweight metal materials, so-called light metals. Light metals generally refer to metals and alloys with a density below 5.0 g / cm³. For example, fragmentation bodies and / or components of the projectile made of aluminum or aluminum alloys fall into this material category.

[0032] Likewise, individual fragmentation bodies and / or projectile components can be made of heavy metals such as steel or steel alloys. The density of steel is approximately 7.85 g / cm³.

[0033] Fragmentation bodies and / or projectile components made of tungsten or tungsten alloys, for example, offer the advantage of being particularly heavy. Tungsten is a heavy metal with a high density of approximately 19 g / cm³. Tungsten alloys have a density approximately twice that of steel and are used for armor-piercing ammunition. By selecting the appropriate materials for the fragmentation bodies and / or projectile components, the position of the projectile's center of mass can be adjusted.

[0034] Likewise, within the scope of the invention, all fragmentation bodies and / or components of the projectile can be made of the same metal material, for example steel or alloy steel.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in a projectile according to the invention, each fragmentation body of a fragmentation group can have an outer surface opposite the lateral surface, wherein the outer surfaces of all fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group define the surface of the projectile in this fragmentation section.

[0036] The term "surface" of a projectile refers below to the outer surface of the respective projectile over which the air flows during flight. The individual, annular fragmentation bodies, which may be disk-shaped, preferably circular, for example, extend with their outer surfaces and / or outer edges to the outer surface of the projectile. The outer surfaces and / or outer edges of each fragmentation body thus each form a surface section of the projectile's surface in the corresponding fragmentation section.

[0037] Each fragmentation body of a fragmentation group can therefore have an outer surface opposite the lateral surface, which is defined by outer edges. Opposite outer edges of adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group are connected to each other by at least one weld bead.

[0038] Alternatively, in the case of blade-shaped fragmentation bodies, each fragmentation body of a fragmentation group can have an outer surface formed by a single outer edge opposite the lateral surface. The surface of the projectile in this fragmentation section is formed by the blade-shaped, sharp-edged outer edges of the fragmentation bodies. The at least one weld bead for connecting adjacent fragmentation bodies can, for example, be arranged in the notches between the blade-shaped outer edges of two adjacent fragmentation bodies.

[0039] Furthermore, fragmentation bodies can be used in a projectile according to the invention, wherein at least one of the outer surfaces of the fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group has a circular arc-shaped, preferably semicircular, cross-section. In this case, the transition of the semicircle into the main body of the fragmentation body is considered the outer edge.

[0040] The following description of the figures will discuss these possible design variants of the splinter bodies in more detail.

[0041] The design of the projectile, in particular the design and construction of the entire surface of the projectile or its outer contour, depend on numerous ballistic parameters, such as the projectile's air resistance and its center of mass in relation to the position of the projectile's aerodynamic center during its trajectory. To avoid unwanted spin movements during the projectile's flight and to stabilize the projectile on its trajectory, in addition to the selection of a suitable tail unit and the appropriate weight trim to precisely define the position of the projectile's center of mass in relation to the position of the aerodynamic center, the geometric design and structuring of the projectile's surface can also be crucial in order to provide a projectile according to the invention with the lowest possible air resistance and the most stable trajectory.The outer surfaces of all fragmentation bodies in a fragmentation group define the surface of the projectile in this fragmentation section.

[0042] For example, annular fragmentation bodies with outer diameters that increase or decrease in the longitudinal direction of the projectile body can be arranged side by side on the preferably cylindrical outer surface of the projectile body, in order to form thickened and / or tapered portions or concave and / or convex surface sections on the outer surface or surface of the projectile according to the invention. By appropriately selecting the outer diameters of the respective fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation section, the geometry of the outer surface of the projectile as well as the flow resistance of the projectile during its flight phase can be optimized.

[0043] The outer surfaces of the individual fragmentation bodies can - depending on the thickness or width of the individual fragmentation bodies measured in the longitudinal direction of the fragmentation body or in the longitudinal direction of the projectile base body - for example, form surface sections of the surface of the projectile which run flush with a smooth outer contour without any unevenness between adjacent fragmentation bodies.

[0044] Alternatively, individual fragmentation bodies or all fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation section of the projectile can have outer surfaces with outer edges, each of which forms a surface section of the respective projectile. For example, stepped or notched outer edges can be formed on the surface of the projectile by having adjacent fragmentation bodies with different outer diameters in a stepped manner and / or by being arranged in an inclined or slanted arrangement on the cylindrical surface. Likewise, outer edge sections or outer edges of the fragmentation bodies can be designed with beveled surfaces, so-called chamfers.

[0045] In such a case, in the installed position of such fragmentation bodies, i.e. in a position threaded next to one another along the lateral surface of the projectile body, surface sections with chamfered edges or cutting edges can result, which at least in sections result in a roughened, angular surface of the projectile.

[0046] In summary, it is expedient if the outer surfaces and / or outer edges of the individual ring-shaped fragmentation bodies are designed and shaped in such a way that these surface sections correspond to the desired course of the surface of the corresponding projectile for ballistic reasons.

[0047] Within the scope of the invention, it is also possible for the surface of the projectile to be optionally covered, at least in sections, with a coating and / or with a single-layer or multi-layer casing material. However, such a coating or at least partial wrapping with a casing material does not alter the functionality of the projectile according to the invention.

[0048] In an expedient development of the invention, in such a projectile, the at least one weld bead can be applied to the surface of the projectile in the fragmentation section, thereby facilitating the production of the at least one weld bead.

[0049] Advantageously, in a projectile according to the invention, the at least one weld bead can extend in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body and can preferably be annular. This design ensures at least partial, preferably continuous, welding of the annular gap between two adjacent fragmentation bodies. The at least one weld bead is preferably also designed to be annularly closed, corresponding to the course of the annular gap, and closes the annular gap along its entire circumferential length. This allows a particularly stable and tight welded connection to be achieved between the two fragmentation bodies welded together.

[0050] In the case of several adjacent fragmentation bodies threaded along the lateral surface of the projectile body, a separate weld bead must be arranged for each annular gap between two adjacent fragmentation bodies in order to weld the respective annular gap at least partially, preferably seamlessly along its entire circumferential length, with the weld bead. The two or more weld beads each run parallel to each other in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body. Depending on the selected material thickness or width of the individual fragmentation bodies, the two or more weld beads, each running parallel to each other, can at least partially overlap or, in an alternative design variant, can be spaced apart from each other.

[0051] In a further, particularly flexible embodiment of the invention, more than two fragmentation bodies can be provided in a fragmentation group in a projectile, and adjacent fragmentation bodies can each be connected to one another by means of a weld bead. In this embodiment, the positioning of the at least one weld bead relative to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body is advantageously not important, but rather the fact that the more than two fragmentation bodies are each connected to the adjacent fragmentation bodies by one or more weld beads. The weld beads can also be arranged or welded independently of one another.

[0052] In a particularly robust embodiment, in a projectile according to the invention, the at least one weld bead can be part of a flat welded joint that connects the outer surfaces of each fragmentation body of a fragmentation group. In this embodiment, the outer surfaces of each fragmentation body of a fragmentation group are covered with a flat welded joint, a so-called welded jacket. Depending on the design, this welded jacket can be made of at least one weld bead, which is arranged, for example, in a spiral shape, preferably overlapping, or of several weld beads arranged in strips.

[0053] To further increase the strength of the projectile, the planar welded joint in a projectile according to the invention can be constructed from several separate weld beads that are applied in an overlapping manner to the surface of the projectile in a fragmentation section. Even in the case of several weld beads arranged in strips, a particularly dense, planar weld jacket is obtained on the outer surfaces of the fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group if the weld beads arranged in strips at least partially overlap one another. Advantageously, the individual weld beads can be welded separately and independently of one another.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, the planar welded joint in a projectile according to the invention can consist of a single weld bead, which is applied in an overlapping, preferably spiral manner. This design offers the advantage during the production of the welded joint that a single weld bead can be applied continuously, without having to interrupt the welding process. The continuous production of the welded joint can therefore be carried out particularly quickly and cost-effectively.

[0055] In order to simplify the production of a projectile according to the invention, it can be expedient if non-adjacent fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group, preferably all fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group, are connected to one another by means of at least one further welding bead. In this embodiment, several, preferably all, fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group can be connected to one another together with one or more further welding beads. The at least one further welding bead serves to fix the relative position of the fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group to one another or to the projectile base body. The at least one further welding bead can, for example, only serve to auxiliary fixation of the fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group to one another and / or to the projectile base body in order to subsequently be able to weld the adjacent fragmentation bodies together as efficiently as possible with at least one or more welding beads.

[0056] In an expedient development of the invention, the at least one additional weld bead can be applied to the surface of a projectile in the longitudinal direction of the fragmentation section. In this case, the at least one additional weld bead runs in the longitudinal direction of the fragmentation section, with the longitudinal direction of the fragmentation section also corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the projectile body.

[0057] To further facilitate the production of such a projectile, at least two further weld beads can be provided according to the invention, which are applied opposite one another on the surface of the projectile in a fragmentation section and oriented in the longitudinal direction of the projectile. The at least two further weld beads are advantageously arranged in pairs opposite one another in the longitudinal direction on the surface of the projectile in order to avoid undesired distortion of the projectile or of the fragmentation bodies welded together if the longitudinal welding is only carried out on one side. The further weld beads arranged in pairs are each applied to the surface of the projectile in the circumferential direction rotated essentially by 180° to one another around the longitudinal direction. If necessary, at least two further weld beads can additionally be provided in pairs opposite one another.These additional two further welding beads are expediently arranged evenly between the first paired welding beads, also in the longitudinal direction on the surface of the projectile, so that the individual further welding beads are each arranged in the circumferential direction in a position rotated substantially by 90° around the longitudinal axis of the projectile body.

[0058] In a particularly advantageous manner, the fragmentation bodies in a projectile according to the invention can be disc-shaped. In this embodiment, the opposing side surfaces of the disc-shaped fragmentation bodies lie in two parallel planes.

[0059] The projectile according to the invention can also be designed as a guided missile, but is usually not a guided missile and, in this case, cannot be actively controlled during the flight phase after release or launch. The use of flat, disc-shaped fragmentation bodies has surprisingly proven particularly effective for projectiles that impact the target area essentially in a vertical direction of fall. This is particularly the case when such projectiles are dropped from a helicopter or drone, which drop one or more projectiles according to the invention essentially vertically above the respective target area.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, at least two fragmentation groups can be provided in a projectile according to the invention and the fragmentation bodies of one fragmentation group can have, at least in sections, a different angle of inclination with respect to the orthogonal plane than the fragmentation bodies of the other fragmentation group.

[0061] Surprisingly, projectiles according to the invention, which comprise at least two fragmentation groups with fragmentation bodies, wherein the fragmentation bodies of the at least two fragmentation groups are arranged at different angles of inclination relative to the orthogonal plane, are particularly effective with an oblique projectile trajectory. This is the case, for example, when such a projectile is fired from a grenade launcher or a projectile launcher, for example, a howitzer. As already mentioned, a projectile according to the invention is not typically a guided missile. However, if necessary, a projectile according to the invention can be equipped with corresponding control units, which can be adjusted, for example, by means of a remote control, and in such a case can also serve as a guided missile.Due to the different angles of inclination of the fragmentation bodies arranged in the two or more fragmentation groups, the actual angle of impact of the projectile is compensated depending on the respective angle of its trajectory and the fragmentation density and thus the effectiveness of such a projectile upon impact in the target area is increased.

[0062] In order to guide the projectile within the launch tube when a projectile according to the invention is fired from a launch tube or to seal it off from the launch tube, at least one of the annular fragmentation bodies can have a largest outer diameter that is smaller than the largest outer diameter of its adjacent fragmentation bodies to accommodate a sealing ring. By suitably arranging one or more annular fragmentation bodies with a relatively smaller outer diameter between annular fragmentation bodies adjacent to them on both sides, each with a relatively larger outer diameter, an annular circumferential notch can be created in a simple and cost-effective manner on the surface of the projectile, which is intended to accommodate a sealing ring. A so-called O-ring, for example, can serve as the sealing ring. O-rings are annular sealing elements that generally have a substantially round or O-shaped ring cross-section.Such a sealing ring can be made of plastic, for example, particularly rubber, polyethylene (PE), or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The sealing ring is preferably located in the area of ​​the largest outer diameter of the projectile and is dimensioned such that it seals the projectile against the launch tube as tightly as possible during the firing process.

[0063] In a further advantageous embodiment, at least two fragmentation groups spaced apart from one another can be provided in a projectile according to the invention, wherein an internal, first positioning element threaded along the lateral surface is provided between the fragmentation groups, and an external, second positioning element is arranged which encloses the internal positioning element, wherein a circumferential groove for receiving a sealing ring is formed in the external positioning element.In this embodiment, an internal, first and an external, second positioning element, which encloses the internal positioning element and is preferably pressed with the internal positioning element, offer the advantage that the combined positioning element provides a particularly flexible component of the projectile: Depending on the design and size of the combined positioning element, this can be used, for example, to adjust the position of the center of mass of the projectile. For example, the internal, first positioning element can be made of a very lightweight material, while the external, second positioning element is made of a metal or a metal alloy, for example, and can therefore be welded to the adjacent fragmentation bodies of the two fragmentation groups by means of at least one additional weld bead or boundary weld bead.

[0064] According to an advantageous further development of such a projectile according to the invention, the inner, first positioning element can be made of aluminum and the outer, second positioning element can be made of a weldable material, preferably steel or a steel alloy, wherein the two positioning elements are pressed together. The inner, lightweight aluminum insert of the first positioning element advantageously serves to adjust the center of mass of the projectile. Furthermore, in conjunction with the projectile according to the invention, aluminum exhibits very good fragmentation upon explosion or detonation of the impacting projectile in the respective target area. The outer, second positioning element, which is pressed together with the inner aluminum insert and encloses the inner first positioning element, is advantageously made of a weldable material.

[0065] Preferably, the external, second positioning element can be made of steel or steel alloys.

[0066] Depending on the design, in a projectile according to the invention, the outermost fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group can be connected to the projectile base body or to a positioning element and / or to a closure element by means of at least one limiting weld bead. The one or more limiting weld beads serve to weld the outermost fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group to the projectile base body, to an adjacent positioning element, and / or to another component of the projectile, for example, to a closure element of the recess for receiving explosives. Thus, the outermost fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group are also connected to adjacent components of the projectile by at least one limiting weld bead, thereby advantageously further increasing the strength and rigidity of the projectile construction.

[0067] A projectile according to the invention can be particularly effective in which the at least one weld bead and / or the at least one further weld bead and / or the at least one boundary weld bead, preferably all weld beads, is / are designed to be gas-tight.

[0068] Depending on the requirements for the quality of the welded joints, ring-shaped weld beads or spiral weld beads between adjacent, adjoining fragmentation bodies, and / or full-surface weld beads in the form of a full-surface weld jacket formed on the outside around the fragmentation bodies to be welded, can ensure the most gas-tight welding possible of the at least two or more adjacent, adjoining fragmentation bodies. It can be particularly advantageous if, in the case of one or more spiral weld beads, the course of the weld beads is selected to overlap in a spiral, forming a full-surface weld jacket that covers the outer surface or the surface of the projectile. Thus, in this embodiment, a projectile according to the invention is provided with which a particularly high explosion pressure can be achieved upon detonation and which is particularly effective in use.

[0069] Depending on the application and the specific requirements of the projectile according to the invention, established testing methods for the quality of welded joints known to those skilled in the art can be used to test the tightness of welded joints. For example, a test projectile with a perforated projectile body can be used to test the tightness of welded joints. The projectile body is pressurized with a test gas, such as helium, and any pressure losses in the projectile and / or the amount of test gas escaping from the projectile are recorded.

[0070] The objects mentioned at the outset are also achieved according to the invention with a method for producing a projectile according to the invention, the method comprising the following steps: Providing a projectile base body with a preferably cylindrical outer surface; providing at least two annular fragmentation bodies; threading the fragmentation bodies onto the outer surface, wherein a group of adjacent fragmentation bodies forms a fragmentation group and each fragmentation body of a fragmentation group has an outer surface opposite the outer surface and the outer surfaces of all fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation group define the surface of the projectile in one or in this fragmentation section; applying at least one weld bead which connects at least two adjacent fragmentation bodies to one another.

[0071] Depending on the design variant, it may be advantageous if, after threading the splinters onto the outer surface and before applying at least one weld bead, the splinters are pushed tightly together in their threaded position on the outer surface, so that the threaded splinters are fixed in their installed position and, if possible, no gaps occur between the adjacent splinters. This can facilitate subsequent welding and increase the quality of the weld of at least one weld bead.

[0072] In an embodiment according to the invention, in which the threaded fragmentation bodies are fixed in their installation position on the shell surface by means of a screwable closure element, it may be expedient to screw the closure element onto the projectile base body with a torque that depends on the embodiment, in order to fix the threaded fragmentation bodies in their installation position by pressing with the screwed closure element, as far as possible without any gaps in between.

[0073] The numerous advantages and beneficial effects previously mentioned for the projectile according to the invention apply equally to the manufacturing method according to the invention, which allows for the particularly flexible production of different versions of projectiles according to the invention. To avoid repetition, reference is therefore made to the previous statements regarding the projectile according to the invention.

[0074] Particularly advantageously, the method according to the invention allows separate weld beads to be applied to join adjacent splinters. In this method variant, adjacent splinters can be joined independently of one another with separate weld beads. The arrangement and design of the separate weld beads can be individually adapted to the respective requirements.

[0075] In an advantageous development of the method according to the invention, the separate weld beads can each be applied to the surface of a splinter section in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the separate weld beads are designed in a ring shape, preferably as closed rings, each extending circumferentially along the gaps between adjacent splinter bodies. The weld beads can be welded independently of one another.

[0076] The method according to the invention can be carried out particularly effectively if the separate weld beads are applied overlapping one another. In this process variant, a particularly dense weld jacket can be created on the surface of at least one fragmentation section, whereby a particularly robust projectile with a high-strength construction can be obtained according to the process.

[0077] In an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, adjacent fragment bodies can be joined together by means of a single, preferably spiral-shaped weld bead running along the surface of a fragment section. This method variant offers the advantage that a particularly rapid and, if necessary, automated weld can be performed using the single weld bead, which is applied continuously in a spiral shape.

[0078] In a further advantageous method variant, non-adjacent fragmentation bodies can be connected to one another by applying at least one additional weld bead running in the longitudinal direction of the projectile and along the surface of a fragmentation section. With the one or more additional weld beads, several or all fragmentation bodies of a fragmentation section can be quickly connected to one another. Subsequently, the at least one or more weld beads for connecting and sealing the adjacent fragmentation bodies can be executed particularly precisely and efficiently, since the at least one additional weld bead in the longitudinal direction of the projectile already fixes the fragmentation bodies in their position relative to the projectile base body.

[0079] In the method according to the invention, welding can be carried out particularly expediently by means of a laser welding process, preferably by means of a pulsed laser welding process.

[0080] In pulsed laser welding, the energy is delivered at limited time intervals. Each laser pulse is followed by a short pause during which the previously generated molten metal cools down. This precision welding process is particularly suitable for thin-walled workpieces, for joining components with very different geometries, and for joining materials that are difficult to weld. Pulsed welding creates weld spots in pulses. Advantageously, the welding pulse can be specifically tailored to the materials being joined, and the penetration depth into the materials can be regulated.

[0081] Advantageously, the pulsed laser welding process can be carried out without prolonged interruptions, since welding is always carried out at the same temperature, thus reducing the risk of distortion of the materials or components to be joined. This welding process is preferably used in the manufacturing method according to the invention for applying the at least one weld bead for joining at least two adjacent fragment bodies.

[0082] In contrast to pulsed laser welding, continuous wave (cw) laser welding requires a continuous energy supply throughout the welding process. The disadvantage of continuous laser welding is that, during continuous operation, the temperature of the components to be joined can constantly rise, creating a risk of distortion during welding. Welding must therefore be interrupted repeatedly to allow the components to cool down, which is why this welding process cannot achieve a consistently stable welding process.

[0083] In order to reduce the flow resistance of the projectile during its flight phase, according to a further variant of the method according to the invention, it may be advantageous if at least one section of the surface of the projectile is surface-treated before the application of the at least one weld bead, preferably by means of a machining process, particularly preferably by turning. Furthermore, by surface-treating at least one section of the projectile before welding, the application of the at least one weld bead in this surface-treated section can be facilitated.

[0084] Alternatively or in addition to a surface treatment of at least a portion of the surface of the projectile prior to the application of the at least one weld bead, in the method according to the invention, at least a portion of the surface of the projectile can be surface-treated after the application of the at least one weld bead, preferably by means of a machining process, particularly preferably by turning or coating, wherein the surface treatment also encompasses at least a portion of the at least one weld bead. In this case, too, the surface treatment can reduce the air resistance of the projectile during the launch phase and thus improve the ballistic properties of the projectile.

[0085] The positional information used below for parts or components of the projectile, such as the terms "top," "bottom," "above," "below," "front," "rear," "lateral," "inside," "outside," "in the axial direction," "in the radial direction," and the like, essentially serve to better understand the invention, particularly in conjunction with the following drawings. The positional information used may possibly refer to specific positions of individual components of the projectile or to individual views in the figures. In any case, such positional information is familiar to the person skilled in the art. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERS

[0086] The invention will now be explained in more detail using several exemplary embodiments. The schematic drawings are exemplary and are intended to illustrate the inventive concept. They show: Fig. 1in a sectional side view of a first embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 2 a side view of a single disc-shaped fragmentation body with notches on both sides; Fig. 3 an isometric view obliquely from above of the Fig. 2 depicted fragmentation body; Fig. 4 a side sectional view of the Figures 2 and 3 fragmentation body shown in accordance with Fig. 2 drawn section plane AA; Fig. 5 in an isometric view obliquely from the side five fragmentation bodies arranged next to each other according to Fig. 2 ; Fig. 6 which in Fig. 5 shown splinter bodies after the application of separate, ring-shaped weld beads between each adjacent splinter body; Fig. 7 which in Fig. 5 shown splinter body after application of a continuous, spiral weld bead to join the splinter bodies together; Fig. 8 which in Fig. 5shown splinter bodies after the application of a continuous, flat welding coat, which connects and covers the splinter bodies; Fig. 9 in an isometric view obliquely from the side, five conical-shaped fragmentation bodies arranged next to each other; Fig. 10 which in Fig. 9 shown splinter bodies after the application of separate, ring-shaped weld beads between each adjacent splinter body; Fig. 11 which in Fig. 9 shown splinter body after application of a continuous, spiral weld bead to join the splinter bodies together; Fig. 12 which in Fig. 9 shown splinter bodies after the application of a continuous, flat welding coat, which connects and covers the splinter bodies; Fig. 13 in a sectional side view a second embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 14in a sectional side view a third embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 15 in a sectional side view a fourth embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 16 in a sectional side view a fifth embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 17 in a sectional side view of a sixth embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 18 in a half-sectional side view of a seventh embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 19 a detailed view of the Fig. 16 marked area B; Fig. 20 a detailed view of the Fig. 17 marked area C; Fig. 21 a detailed view of the Fig. 18 marked area D; Fig. 22 in a sectional side view of an eighth embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; Fig. 23 a detailed view of the Fig. 22 marked area E; Fig. 24a sectional view from the side of two adjacent fragmentation bodies with a rectangular disc profile; Fig. 25 a sectional side view of two adjacent fragmentation bodies with a substantially rectangular disc profile and rounded outer edges; Fig. 26 a sectional view from the side of two adjacent splinter bodies with a triangular disc profile, each with a pointed, cutting-edge outer edge; Fig. 27 in a sectional side view of an eighth embodiment of a projectile according to the invention in the form of a mortar shell; Fig. 28 in a sectional side view of a ninth embodiment of a projectile according to the invention in the form of an artillery shell. HOW THE INVENTION WORKS

[0087] Fig. 1shows a sectional side view of a first embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention. The projectile 1 is rotationally symmetrical and has a rotation axis 2. The projectile 1 shown has a largest outer diameter 3, which is also referred to as the caliber 3, wherein the largest outer diameter 3 is arranged in an orthogonal plane ε with respect to the rotation axis 2. The projectile 1 has a projectile nose 4 with an ignition device 5 at its one free end, viewed in the direction of the rotation axis 2. At its free end, opposite the projectile nose 4, viewed in the direction of the rotation axis 2, the projectile 1 has a tail section 6, as is customary, for example, in an embodiment of the projectile 1 as a mortar grenade for attaching a tail unit. The reference numeral 7 designates the surface 7 of the projectile 1, i.e., the outer surface or outer contour of the projectile 1.The surface 7 can have one or more surface-treated sections 8, at least in sections. For example, in this case, . Fig. 1 a surface-treated section 8 is outlined, whereby this section 8 of the surface 7 was smoothed by turning, i.e. a rotationally symmetrical machining process.

[0088] The rear section 6 is provided here, for example, with an external thread 9, which external thread 9 serves as a connection thread for a Fig. 27The tail stabilizer shown can be screwed onto the external thread 9 of the tail section 6. Depending on the intended use of the projectile 1, different tail stabilizers can be attached to the tail section 6. A corresponding tail stabilizer serves to stabilize the trajectory of the projectile 1 and prevent an undesirable spin of the flying projectile 1. By appropriately adjusting the center of gravity of the projectile 1 in conjunction with the tail stabilizer, it is ensured that the fired projectile 1 impacts a planned target area with its nose 4 first, if possible, and that the ignition device 5 is activated upon impact of the projectile.

[0089] The projectile 1 has a projectile base body 10, which here is also rotationally symmetrical and has a longitudinal axis 11 that coincides with or is identical to the rotation axis 2 of the projectile 1. The longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile base body 10 defines its longitudinal direction 11. The projectile base body 10 has a cylindrical jacket section 12 with a cylindrical jacket surface 13 that is oriented along the longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile base body 10. The cylindrical jacket section 12 has an outer diameter 14, a wall thickness 15, and an inner diameter 16. Within the cylindrical jacket section 12 with the cylindrical jacket surface 13 is a recess 17 for receiving explosives.The ignition device 5 at the projectile tip 4 interacts with the explosive located in the recess 17 and ensures that upon impact of the fired or dropped projectile 1, the explosive located in the recess 17 is ignited and explodes, detonating the projectile 1. To fill the in . Fig. 1 A closure element 18, which is designed here as a screw element and is screwed onto the cylindrical jacket section 12 of the projectile base body 10, serves to contain the explosive located in the recess 17.

[0090] A plurality of annular fragmentation bodies 20 are threaded along the cylindrical outer surface 13. For clarity, the annular fragmentation bodies 20 are alternately referred to here as the first fragmentation body 21 and, adjacent thereto or directly adjacent thereto, as the second fragmentation body 22. Here and in the following, the reference number 20 refers equally generally to one or more of the fragmentation bodies shown, as well as specifically to a specific first fragmentation body 21 or a specific second fragmentation body 22. The annular fragmentation bodies 20 are designed here as disc-shaped first 21 and second 22 fragmentation bodies. The adjacent, disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 21, 22 touch one another at their side surfaces, which are arranged in the direction of orthogonal planes ε, i.e., orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile base body 10.The separation planes τ between adjacent fragmentation bodies 21,22 are also oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile base body 10 and coincide with the orthogonal planes ε of the side surfaces of the fragmentation bodies 21,22.

[0091] The multiple annular fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 are shaped so that their inner surfaces or inner diameters can be fitted as precisely as possible onto the cylindrical surface 13 of the projectile body 10. The outer diameters of the multiple annular fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 can - as in Fig. 1 visible - vary, since the outer surfaces of each fragmentation body 21, 22 each define a section of the surface 7 of the projectile 1, wherein the surface 7 or the course of the outer contour of the surface 7 is designed according to the aerodynamic requirements of the projectile 1.

[0092] Neighbouring splinter bodies 20, 21, 22 are connected to each other by at least one weld bead 30. In the Fig. 1In the embodiment shown, an annular welding bead 31 runs in an orthogonal plane ε to the longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile base body 10 between the respectively adjacent fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22. The separate annular welding beads 31 are each arranged in such a way that they each run in an orthogonal plane ε or separation plane τ between adjacent fragmentation bodies 21, 22 and weld the annular gap between two adjacent disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 21, 22 along its entire circumference. Advantageously, the annular welding beads 31 are each applied separately and thus independently of one another on the surface 7 of the projectile 1 in the region of the respective annular gap between two adjacent fragmentation bodies 21, 22. Between the respectively outermost fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 and the adjoining projectile base body 10 on one side orOn the adjoining closure element 18 on the opposite, other side, limiting weld beads 35 are arranged, which limiting weld beads 35 are also designed here as annular weld beads and connect the respective outermost fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 with the adjacent components 10, 18 of the projectile 1. The annular gaps between the respective outermost fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 and the adjacent components 10, 18 of the projectile 1 are sealed here by the annular circumferential limiting weld beads 35.

[0093] The several adjacent fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22, which are threaded along the lateral surface 13 and are each designed in the form of a disc, form a first fragmentation group 41 and a first fragmentation section 51 of the projectile 1. The outer surfaces of all fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 of the first fragmentation group 41 define the surface 7 in this first fragmentation section 51. Fig. 1The embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention shown has only a single fragmentation group 41 comprising several annular or here disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22, wherein this single fragmentation group 41 forms a single fragmentation section 51 of the projectile 1.

[0094] In the following, embodiments of projectiles 1 according to the invention are also described, which have several fragmentation groups on different fragmentation bodies or several fragmentation sections.

[0095] At the Fig. 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the largest outer diameter 3—the caliber 3—of the projectile 1 is formed in the area of ​​the projectile base body 10. A circumferential notch 60, which is formed on this section of the projectile base body 10 with the largest outer diameter 3, serves here to accommodate a sealing ring 63, the profile of which is indicated by dashed lines.

[0096] In the Figures 2 to 4a single disc-shaped fragmentation body 20,21 with notches 69 on both sides is shown. The following description of the figures refers equally to the Figures 2 to 4 .

[0097] Fig. 2 shows a side view of the single disc-shaped splinter body 20,21 with notches 69 on both sides.

[0098] Fig. 3 shows an isometric view obliquely from above of the Fig. 2 depicted fragmentation body 20,21.

[0099] Fig. 4 shows a side sectional view of the Figures 2 and 3 fragmentation body 20,21 shown in accordance with Fig. 2 drawn section plane AA.

[0100] Generally, a fragmentation body 20 has an outer surface 201, which is typically defined by a first outer edge 202 and a second outer edge 203 of the fragmentation body 20. The first outer edge 202 and the second outer edge 203 may be spaced apart from each other to form the intermediate outer surface 201 having a thickness 204 and a width 204, respectively.

[0101] According to the Figures 2 to 4 In the embodiment shown of a splinter body 21 with a disc-shaped profile, wherein the outer surface 211 is delimited by a first outer edge 212 and by a second outer edge 213 of the splinter body 21 opposite the first outer edge 212 and the two outer edges 212, 213 are substantially rectangular, the thickness 214 or width 214 of the outer surface 211 corresponds substantially to the thickness 214 or width 214 of the splinter body 21 shown.

[0102] The width of the outer surface of a fragmentation body or the distance between the opposite outer edges may also be different from the thickness or width of the fragmentation body 20, as shown in Fig. 25 is shown.

[0103] Alternatively, individual or all of the splinter bodies 20 can also be designed in such a way that they taper to a point or a cutting edge towards the outside, in which case the outer surface of the respective splinter body 20 is formed by a single outer edge. This variant is shown in the following Fig. 26 illustrated.

[0104] Returning to the Figures 2 to 4A fragmentation body 20 generally has an outer diameter 205 and an inner surface 206 opposite the outer surface 201, having an inner diameter 207. The inner diameter 207 must be adapted to the respective outer diameter 14 of the cylindrical jacket section 12 of the projectile base body 10 so that the respective fragmentation body 20 can be pushed or threaded onto the projectile base body 10 along the jacket surface 13 of the cylindrical jacket section 12. The type of fit selected between the respective inner surface 206 of the fragmentation body 20 and the corresponding jacket surface 13 of the cylindrical jacket section 12 of the projectile base body 10 depends on the quality requirements of the respective projectile 1 and can, for example, be designed as a clearance fit, transition fit, or interference fit.The splinter body 20 has a first side surface 208 and a side surface 209 opposite the first side surface 208.

[0105] The one here in the Figures 2 to 4 The disc-shaped fragmentation body 21 shown has an outer diameter 215 and an inner surface 216 opposite the outer surface 211 and having an inner diameter 217. The two opposing side surfaces 218, 219 of the disc-shaped fragmentation body 21 run parallel to one another. In the installed position of the disc-shaped fragmentation body 21, in which the fragmentation body 21 in question is threaded along the cylindrical jacket surface 13 of a cylindrical jacket section 12 of the projectile base body 10 of a projectile according to the invention, the two side surfaces 218, 219 are positioned orthogonal to the longitudinal direction 11 of the projectile base body 10.

[0106] In the following Figures 5 to 8In isometric views, five fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 arranged side by side are shown, comparable to the one in Fig. 2 illustrated fragmentation bodies 20,21 are shown, as for example in Fig. 1 are arranged adjacent to each other within a splinter group 41. For the sake of simplicity, Figures 5 to 8 the other parts and components of a projectile 1 according to the invention are not shown.

[0107] In Fig. 5 The five identically constructed disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 20 are each designated concentrically with reference numerals 21 and 22 relative to a rotation axis 2 of the projectile 1 (not shown) or to a longitudinal axis 11 of a projectile base body 10 (also not shown). The first disc-shaped fragmentation body 21 has a first outer surface 211. The adjacent second disc-shaped fragmentation body 22 has a second outer surface 221.

[0108] Fig. 6 shows the Fig. 5 shown fragmentation bodies 20, i.e. the five disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 21, 22 after the application of welding beads 30 between adjacent fragmentation bodies 21, 22. The welding beads 30 are designed here as separate, annular welding beads 30, 31, which are arranged in the direction of orthogonal planes ε or of separation planes τ between adjacent disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 21, 22, i.e. each orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 11 of a projectile base body 10, on which the fragmentation bodies 21, 22 are threaded in the installed position on the projectile 1. As in Fig. 1As sketched, the separation planes τ between adjacent disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 21, 22 are also oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal axis 11 of a projectile base body 10 and coincide with the orthogonal planes ε of the side surfaces of the fragmentation bodies 21, 22. Each annular weld bead 31 runs in the circumferential direction of the annular gap between adjacent fragmentation bodies 21, 22 and tightly connects or welds them together.

[0109] Fig. 7 shows the Fig. 5 shown fragment bodies 20, 20, i.e. the disc-shaped fragment bodies 21, 22 after the application of a continuous, spiral weld bead 32 for jointly connecting the fragment bodies 21, 22. For the sake of clarity, the spiral weld bead 32 is shown here in such a way that a free distance remains between the adjacent, essentially parallel sections of the spiral weld bead 32. In contrast to the Fig. 6 shown, separate annular welding beads 31, which can each be carried out independently of each other, the Fig. 7 The spiral weld bead 32 shown is executed as uninterruptedly as possible or in a continuous operation. In order to achieve the tightest possible welding of the multiple fragmentation bodies 21, 22 arranged next to one another, the angle of attack or the pitch of the spiral weld bead 32 can be reduced such that the adjacent sections of the spiral weld bead 32 overlap. Alternatively, in the longitudinal direction 11 of a projectile base body 10, a further or, if necessary, several further spiral weld beads 32 can be arranged offset in addition to the already executed spiral weld bead 32 in order to cover the corresponding fragmentation section of the fragmentation bodies 21, 22 outwards with a continuous, full-surface weld jacket 33.

[0110] A further welding bead 34 is applied here in the longitudinal direction 11 of the splinter section shown, formed by the splinter bodies 21, 22, wherein the further welding bead 34 also connects splinter bodies 21, 22 that are not directly adjacent to one another. In order to avoid undesired distortion during welding, Fig. 7 On the invisible back side of the splinter bodies 21, 22, a second further weld bead 34 is arranged in the longitudinal direction 11, extending transversely across the splinter bodies 21, 22. The two further weld beads 34 thus form a weld seam pair on opposite surface sections of the connected splinter bodies 21, 22.

[0111] Fig. 8 illustrates the Fig. 5shown splinter bodies 21, 22 after the application of a continuous, flat welding jacket 33, which connects the five disc-shaped splinter bodies 21, 22 and covers them together. The flat welding jacket 33 is here produced by several separate, ring-shaped welding beads 31, which are applied overlapping one another. Alternatively, such a flat welding jacket 33 - as previously described Fig. 7 explained - can also be produced by suitable selection of a single, spiral-shaped weld bead 32, which is applied in an overlapping manner. A further weld bead 34 is applied here in the longitudinal direction 11 of the shown splinter section formed by the splinter bodies 21, 22, in order to fix the disc-shaped splinter bodies 21, 22 in their relative position to one another before the strip-by-strip application of the flat weld jacket 33.

[0112] In the following Figures 9 to 12 - comparable to the previously discussed Figures 5 to 8 - again in isometric views, five fragmentation bodies 20 arranged side by side are shown. The fragmentation bodies 20 shown here in the Figures 9 to 12 The fragmentation bodies 23,24 shown differ from those previously shown in the Figures 5 to 8 The difference between the disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 21, 22 shown here is that the fragmentation bodies 23, 24 shown here are each conically shaped, with the side surfaces of the fragmentation bodies 23, 24 each being inclined at an angle of inclination relative to the orthogonal plane ε to the longitudinal axis 11 of a projectile body. For the sake of simplicity, Figures 9 to 12 The other parts and components of a projectile 1 according to the invention are not shown. Otherwise, reference is made to the previous description of the figures for the Figures 5 to 8 referred to.

[0113] In Fig. 9The five identical, conically shaped or obliquely inclined fragmentation bodies 20 are each designated concentrically with the reference numerals 23 and 24 in relation to a rotation axis 2 of the projectile 1 (not shown) or to a longitudinal axis 11 of a projectile base body 10 (also not shown).

[0114] Fig. 10 shows the Fig. 9 shown fragment bodies 20, i.e. the five diagonally inclined fragment bodies 23,24 after the application of welding beads 30 between adjacent fragment bodies 23,24. Comparable to Fig. 6 are also here in Fig. 10The weld beads 30 are each designed as separate, annular weld beads 30, 31, which are arranged in the direction of orthogonal planes ε or of separation planes τ between the adjacent fragmentation bodies 23, 24, i.e., each orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 11 of a projectile base body 10. Each annular weld bead 31 runs in the circumferential direction of the annular gap between adjacent fragmentation bodies 23, 24 and tightly connects or welds them together.

[0115] Fig. 11 shows - comparable with Fig. 7- the disc-shaped splinter bodies 23, 24 after the application of a continuous, spiral weld bead 32 for jointly connecting the splinter bodies 23, 24. For the sake of clarity, the spiral weld bead 32 is again drawn here such that a free space remains between the adjacent, essentially parallel sections of the spiral weld bead 32. In order to achieve the tightest possible welding of the multiple splinter bodies 23, 24 arranged next to one another, the angle of attack or the pitch of the spiral weld bead 32 can be reduced or varied such that the adjacent sections of the spiral weld bead 32 overlap.Alternatively, in the longitudinal direction 11 of a projectile base body 10, a further or optionally several further spiral weld beads 32 can be arranged in addition to each other in a manner offset from the already executed spiral weld bead 32 in order to cover the corresponding fragment section of the fragment bodies 23, 24 outwards with a continuous, full-surface weld jacket 33.

[0116] A further welding bead 34 is applied here in the longitudinal direction 11 of the shown splinter section formed by the splinter bodies 23, 24, wherein the further welding bead 34 also connects splinter bodies 23, 24 that are not directly adjacent to one another.

[0117] Fig. 12 illustrated - comparable to Fig. 8- the fragment bodies 23, 24 shown after the application of a continuous, flat welding jacket 33, which connects the five disc-shaped fragment bodies 21, 22 and covers them together. The flat welding jacket 33 is produced here by several separate, ring-shaped welding beads 31, which are applied overlapping one another. Alternatively, such a flat welding jacket 33 - as previously described Fig. 11 explained - can also be produced by suitable selection of a single, spiral-shaped weld bead 32, which is applied in an overlapping manner. A further weld bead 34 is applied here in the longitudinal direction 11 of the splinter section shown, formed by the splinter bodies 23, 24, in order to fix the splinter bodies 23, 24 in their relative position to one another before the strip-by-strip application of the flat weld jacket 33.

[0118] In the following figures, identical or functionally equivalent parts and components of a projectile 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. To avoid repetition, the following description essentially only describes details that differ from those previously discussed.

[0119] Fig. 13 shows a second embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention. This second embodiment differs from that shown in Fig. 1shown first embodiment essentially in that here an annular splitter body 20, which is designed as a disk-shaped splitter body 21, has a largest outer diameter 215 which is smaller than the largest outer diameter 225, 235 of its adjacent splitter bodies 22, 23, which are also disk-shaped. In this way, a circumferential groove running around the circumference for receiving a sealing ring is produced in a cost-effective manner. This receptacle for the Fig. 13A sealing ring (not shown) during the manufacture of the projectile 1 can be provided in a simple manner by threading at least one disc-shaped fragmentation body 21 with a smaller outer diameter 215 between adjacent fragmentation bodies 22, 23, each with a larger outer diameter 225, 235, within the fragmentation group 41 onto the outer surface 13 of the projectile base body 10. If necessary, the position of the at least one disc-shaped fragmentation body 21 with a smaller outer diameter 215 and thus the position of the circumferential groove for receiving a sealing ring can be adjusted by appropriately repositioning this fragmentation body in the longitudinal direction 11 within the fragmentation group 41, before the positions of the fragmentation bodies 21, 22, 23 within the fragmentation group 41 or within the fragmentation section 51 are connected to one another and thus permanently fixed by the annular weld beads 30, 31, which are each arranged separately here.

[0120] Fig. 14shows a third embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention. In this projectile 1, two fragmentation groups 41, 42 are provided. Between the two fragmentation groups 41, 42, an internal, first positioning element 65 is threaded along the outer surface 13. An external, second positioning element 66 is arranged such that this external, second positioning element 66 encloses the internal positioning element 65, wherein a circumferential groove 62 for receiving a sealing ring 63 is formed in the external positioning element 66. In order to be able to adjust the center of mass of the projectile 1 with the combined positioning element 65, 66, the internal, first positioning element 65 is made of a light metal, for example, aluminum.The external, second positioning element 66 is made of a weldable material, for example, steel, and the two positioning elements 65, 66 are pressed together. If necessary, the number of fragmentation bodies 21, 22 of the first fragmentation group 41 or the first fragmentation section 51 and / or the number of fragmentation bodies 23, 24 of the second fragmentation group 42 of the second fragmentation section 52 can be varied during threading along the outer surface 13 in order to adjust the position of the combined positioning element 65, 66 along the outer surface 13 and thus the position of the center of mass of the projectile 1. The fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 attached to the outer surface 13 are in turn connected to one another by annular weld beads 31.The outermost fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 of a fragmentation group 41, 42 are each connected by a boundary weld bead 35 to the adjacent positioning element 66 or projectile base body 10 or closure element 18.

[0121] Fig. 15shows a fourth embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention with three fragmentation groups 41, 42, 43 or with three fragmentation sections 51, 52, 53. Between the first fragmentation group 41 and the second fragmentation group 42, a positioning element 68 in the shape of a cylindrical ring is threaded, which has a circumferential groove 62 on the outside for receiving a sealing ring. Between the second fragmentation group 42 and the third fragmentation group 43, there is also a positioning element 68 in the shape of a cylindrical ring, but without a circumferential groove. The disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 21, 22 of the first fragmentation group 41, the disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 23, 24 of the second fragmentation group 42, and the disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 25, 26 of the third fragmentation group 43 are each connected to one another by a spiral weld bead 32 for each fragmentation group 41, 42, 43.

[0122] Fig. 16shows a fifth embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention with three fragmentation groups 41,42,43 or with three fragmentation sections 51,52,53.

[0123] Fig. 17 shows - comparable with Fig. 16 - a sixth embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention, also with three fragmentation groups 41, 42, 43 or with three fragmentation sections 51, 52, 53. The two embodiments differ essentially only in details of the respective welded joints, which are shown in the following Figures 19 and 20 Apart from these different welds, which will be discussed separately, the following description applies equally to the Figures 16 and 17 .

[0124] The fragmentation bodies 20, 21, 22 of the first fragmentation group 41 or the first fragmentation section 51 are arranged at an inclination angle β relative to the orthogonal plane ε. The fragmentation bodies 20, 25, 26 of the third fragmentation group 43 or the third fragmentation section 53 are arranged at an inclination angle α relative to the orthogonal plane ε. The two inclination angles α, β are chosen differently here, for example, as shown in Fig. 17 is sketched. The fragmentation bodies 20, 23, 24 of the middle, second fragmentation section 52 are disc-shaped, with separation planes τ between adjacent fragmentation bodies 23, 24 being oriented parallel to or in the direction of the orthogonal plane ε to the longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile base body 10.

[0125] A conical ring-shaped positioning element 67 is located between the first fragmentation section 51 with the obliquely positioned or inclined fragmentation bodies 21, 22 and the second fragmentation section 52 with the fragmentation bodies 23, 24 arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile body 10. Likewise, a conical ring-shaped positioning element 67 is threaded between the second and third fragmentation groups 42, 43 or between the second and third fragmentation sections 52, 53. As in Fig. 17 As shown, a surface-treated section 8 extends both along the rear section of the projectile body 10 and along some fragmentation bodies 25, 26 in the area of ​​the third fragmentation group 43.

[0126] Fig. 18shows a section of a seventh embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention with two fragmentation groups 41, 42, wherein an internal, first positioning element 65 threaded along the outer surface 13 is provided between the two fragmentation groups, and an external, second positioning element 66 is arranged, which encloses the internal positioning element 65, wherein a circumferential groove 62 for receiving a sealing ring is formed in the external positioning element 66. The internal, first positioning element 65 is made here, for example, from aluminum, and the external, second positioning element 66 is made here, for example, from a weldable material, namely a steel alloy. The two positioning elements 65, 66 are pressed together.

[0127] Fig. 19 shows a detailed view of the Fig. 16marked area B. The inclined or tilted splinter bodies 21, 22 of the first splinter group 41 are each connected to one another with separate, annular weld beads 31.

[0128] Fig. 20 shows a detailed view of the Fig. 17 marked area C. Here, the obliquely positioned or inclined fragmentation bodies 21, 22 of the first fragmentation group 41 are constructed with a flat welded connection 30, 32, 33, 34 from several separate weld beads 32, 34, which are applied overlappingly to the surface 7 of the projectile 1 in this first fragmentation section 51 and which form a full-surface weld jacket 33.

[0129] Fig. 21 shows a detailed view of the Fig. 18marked area D. The outermost, disc-shaped fragmentation body 24 of the second fragmentation group 42 is connected here, on the one hand, to the adjacent projectile base body 10 by a boundary weld bead 35. On the other hand, the disc-shaped fragmentation body 24 is connected to the adjacent disc-shaped fragmentation body 23 by an annular weld bead 31.

[0130] Fig. 22 in a sectional view from the side of an eighth embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention with two fragmentation groups 41,42 with fragmentation bodies 20,21,22 each inclined in opposite directions.

[0131] Fig. 23 shows a detailed view of the Fig. 22marked area E with fragmentation bodies 21, 22 inclined at an angle of inclination α with respect to the orthogonal plane ε to the longitudinal direction 11 of the projectile base body 10. The outer surfaces 211, 221 of the fragmentation bodies 21, 22 have notch-shaped recesses on their longitudinal edges, which is why the mutually opposite first outer edges 212, 222 and second outer edges 213, 223, which delimit the outer surfaces 211, 221, have a smaller distance than the thickness or width of the fragmentation bodies 21, 22. The notch-shaped recesses on the surface 7 offer the advantage that weld beads not shown here, for example annular circumferential weld beads 31, can be applied within these notch-shaped recesses to connect adjacent fragmentation bodies 21, 22, wherein the surface 7 of the projectile 1 remains as smooth as possible and is not disturbed by the applied weld beads 31.

[0132] Fig. 24shows a sectional view from the side of two adjacent, each disc-shaped splinter bodies 21, 22 with a rectangular disc profile. The first splinter body 21 has an outer surface 211, a first outer edge 212 and an opposite second outer edge 213, a thickness or width 214, an outer diameter 215, an inner surface 216, an inner diameter 217, as well as a first side surface 218 and a second side surface 219 opposite the first side surface 218. The second splinter body 22 has an outer surface 221, a first outer edge 222 and an opposite second outer edge 223, a thickness or width 224, an outer diameter 225, an inner surface 226, an inner diameter 227, as well as a first side surface 228 and a second side surface 229 opposite the first side surface 228. The widths of the outer surfaces 211,221 correspond to the thicknesses respectively.Widths 214, 224 of the two fragmentation bodies 21, 22 between the respective opposite side surfaces 218, 219 and 228, 229 of the two fragmentation bodies 21, 22. The two fragmentation bodies 21, 22 are connected to each other by an annular weld bead 31. The annular weld bead 31 runs in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body 10 or in the separation plane τ between the adjacent fragmentation bodies 21, 22.

[0133] Fig. 25shows a sectional side view of two adjacent splinter bodies 23, 24, namely a third splinter body 23 and a fourth splinter body 24, each with a substantially rectangular disc profile with rounded outer edges 232, 233 and 242, 243 respectively. The widths of the outer surfaces 231, 241 are, due to the rounded outer edges 232, 233 and 242, 243, respectively, somewhat smaller than the thicknesses and widths 234, 244 of the two splinter bodies 23, 24. The thicknesses and widths 234, 244 of the two splinter bodies 23, 24 correspond to the distances between the opposite side surfaces 218, 219 and 228, 229 of the two splinter bodies 21, 22.

[0134] The two fragmentation bodies 23, 24 are connected to each other by an annular weld bead 31, which is arranged in the region of the rounded outer edges 233, 242. The annular weld bead 31 runs in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body 10 or in the separation plane τ between the adjacent fragmentation bodies 23, 24.

[0135] Fig. 26shows a sectional view from the side of two adjacent splinter bodies 25,26 with a triangular disc profile, each with a cutting-edge-shaped outer edge tapering towards the outside. The fifth splinter body 25 has an outer surface 251 formed by the cutting-edge single outer edge 252, has a variable thickness or width 254, an outer diameter 255, an inner surface 256, an inner diameter 257, as well as a first side surface 258 and a second side surface 259 opposite the first side surface 258. The sixth splinter body 26 has an outer surface 261 formed by the cutting-edge single outer edge 262, and also has a variable thickness or width 264, an outer diameter 265, an inner surface 266, an inner diameter 267, as well as a first side surface 268 and a second side surface 269 opposite the first side surface 268.

[0136] The widths of the outer surfaces 251, 261 of the two fragmentation bodies 25, 26 correspond here to the widths of the respective tapered, cutting-edge outer edges 252, 262 of the two fragmentation bodies 25, 26. The two fragmentation bodies 25, 26 are connected to one another here by an annular weld bead 31 in the region of the greatest thickness or width 254, 264 of the two fragmentation bodies 25, 26, which region directly borders the cylindrical outer surface 13 of the projectile base body 50. The annular weld bead 31 in turn runs in an orthogonal plane ε to the longitudinal axis of the projectile base body 10 or in the separation plane τ or, here, the notch arranged in the circumferential direction between the adjacent fragmentation bodies 25, 26.

[0137] Fig. 27shows a projectile 1 according to the invention in the form of a mortar grenade. The basic form of the projectile 1 shown here with the projectile base body 10, which has a recess 17 for receiving explosives, wherein along a longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile base body 10, several adjacent fragmentation bodies 20 are threaded onto a lateral surface of the projectile base body 10, and wherein adjacent fragmentation bodies 20 are connected to one another by at least one weld bead 30, 31, has already been described in detail above. Fig. 1 Therefore, reference is made here to the above description of the figure of Fig. 1 In addition to the presentation of Fig. 1 is here in Fig. 27In projectile 1, in the form of the fully assembled mortar shell, a tail fin 90 is already attached to the tail section 6. The tail fin 90 is attached with an internal thread to the corresponding external thread 9 of the tail section 6 of the projectile body 10. The tail fin 90 shown here, for example, contains a propellant charge and a propellant igniter.

[0138] Here, an ignition device 5 is screwed onto the projectile nose 4 by means of a screw thread 91 on a closure element 18. The closure element 18 is in turn screwed onto a section of the projectile base body 10 by means of a further screw thread 92. On the one hand, the closure element 18 shown here serves to press the fragmentation bodies 20, previously threaded onto the outer surface 13 of the projectile base body 10, together in their installed position. This ensures, on the one hand, that no undesirable gaps occur between the disc-shaped, adjacent fragmentation bodies 20. On the other hand, the pressure between adjacent fragmentation bodies 20 as a result of the screwed closure element 18 facilitates the subsequent application of the weld beads 30, 31, with which adjacent fragmentation bodies 20 are connected to one another.

[0139] After the recess 17 has been filled with explosives, the recess 17 is closed by screwing the ignition device 5 into the screw thread 91 of the closure element 18. The projectile 1 or the mortar grenade shown here is thus ready for firing, for example, using a mortar.

[0140] Fig. 28 shows a projectile 1 according to the invention in the form of an artillery shell. In contrast to a mortar shell according to the preceding Fig. 27The artillery shell lacks a tail fin. The tail section 6 of the artillery shell therefore does not have a connecting thread for a tail fin, but is designed here, for example, with a flat base surface that is aligned orthogonally to the longitudinal axis 11 of the projectile body 10. The fastening of the ignition device 5 to the projectile nose 4 by means of a closure element 18 as a connecting piece with the projectile body 10 is carried out in a manner similar to the design according to Fig. 27 . Please refer to the corresponding description Fig. 27 referred to.

[0141] The artillery shell shown has a sealing ring 64 with a guide band at the rear in the area of ​​the disc-shaped fragmentation bodies 20. The sealing ring 64 is shrunk onto the underlying fragmentation bodies 20 or fragmentation discs. The sealing ring 64 is made of plastic, for example, and here includes a copper guide band, which serves to seal the artillery shell against the launch tube of a corresponding gun during firing. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

[0142] 1Projectile 2Projectile rotation axis 3Caliber, outer diameter of the projectile 4Projectile nose 5Ignition device 6Tail section 7Projectile surface; outer contour of the projectile 8Surface-treated section 9External thread; connecting thread for tail unit 10Projectile body 11Longitudinal axis of the projectile body; Longitudinal direction 12 Cylindrical jacket section of the projectile body 13 Cylindrical jacket surface 14 Outer diameter of the cylindrical jacket section 15 Wall thickness of the cylindrical jacket section 16 Inner diameter of the cylindrical jacket section 17 Recess for explosives 18 Closure element, screw element 20 Fragmentation body 201 Outer surface of the fragmentation body (or 211, 221, 231,...) 202 (First) outer edge of the fragmentation body (or 212, 222, 232,...) 203 (Second) outer edge of the fragmentation body (or 213, 223, 233,...) 204 Thickness or width of the fragmentation body (or 214, 224, 234,...) 205 Outer diameter of the fragmentation body (or 215, 225, 235,...)) 206Inner surface of the fragmentation body (or 216,226,236,...) 207Inner diameter of the fragmentation body (or 217,227,237, ...) 208First side surface of the fragmentation body (or 218,228,238,...) 209Second side surface of the fragmentation body (or 219,229,239,...) 21(first) fragmentation body 22(second) fragmentation body 23(third) fragmentation body 24(fourth) fragmentation body 25(fifth) fragmentation body 26(sixth) fragmentation body . LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS (continued)

[0143] 30 Weld bead 31 Annular weld bead between splinter bodies 32 Spiral weld bead (overlapping) 33 Full-surface weld jacket 34 Further weld bead 35 Limit weld bead 41 (First) splinter group, group of splinter bodies 42 (Second) splinter group 43 (Third) splinter group 51 (First) splinter section 52 (Second) splinter section 53 (Third) splinter section 60 Circumferential notch (for sealing ring) 62 Circumferential groove 63 Sealing ring 64 Sealing ring with guide band 65 (First) positioning element, aluminum insert 66 (Second) positioning element, insert ring with groove 67 Positioning element, conical ring 68 Positioning element, cylindrical ring 69 Notch in the splinter body 90 Tail unit 91 Screw thread 92 Screw thread α Angle of inclination α of the splinter body to the Orthogonal plane ε βInclination angle β of the fragmentation body to the orthogonal plane ε εOrthogonal plane ε to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body τSeparation plane τ between adjacent fragmentation bodies

Claims

1. Projectile (1) having a projectile base body (10) which has a recess (17) for receiving explosive and, at least in sections (12), a preferably cylindrical jacket surface (13) oriented along a longitudinal axis (11) of the projectile base body (10), and wherein at least one fragmentation group (41, 42, 43) comprising at least two mutually adjacent annular fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) is provided, which are threaded along the jacket surface (13) and form a fragmentation section (51, 52, 53) of the projectile (1), characterized in that at least respectively adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) of a fragmentation group (41, 42, 43) are connected to one another by means of at least one weld bead (30, 31, 32, 33, 34).

2. Projectile (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that each fragmentation body (20, 21, 22) of a fragmentation group (41, 42, 43) has an outer surface (201, 211, 221) opposite the jacket surface (13) and the outer surfaces (201, 211, 221) of all fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) of a fragmentation group (41, 42, 43) define the surface (7) of the projectile (1) in this fragmentation section (51, 52, 53).

3. Projectile (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one weld bead (30, 31, 32, 33, 34) is applied to the surface (7) of the projectile (1) in the fragmentation section (51, 52, 53).

4. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one weld bead (30, 31, 32, 33, 34) extends in an orthogonal plane (ε) to the longitudinal axis (11) of the projectile base body (10) and is preferably of annular design (31).

5. Projectile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that more than two fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) are provided in a fragmentation group (41, 42, 43) and adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) are each connected to one another by means of a weld bead (30, 31, 32, 33, 34).

6. Projectile (1) according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the at least one weld bead (30, 31, 32, 33, 34) is part of a flat welded connection (32, 33) which connects the outer surfaces (201, 211, 221, 223) of each fragmentation body (20, 21, 22, 23) of a fragmentation group (41, 42).

7. Projectile (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the flat welded connection (32, 33) is composed of a plurality of separate weld beads (30, 31, 32, 34) which are applied in an overlapping manner to the surface (7) of the projectile (1) in a fragmentation section (51, 52, 53).

8. Projectile (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the flat welded connection (32, 33) consists of a single weld bead (30, 32) which is applied in an overlapping, preferably spiral, manner.

9. Projectile (1) according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that non-adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 23, 25) of a fragmentation group (41, 42, 43), preferably all fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) of a fragmentation group (41, 42, 43), are connected to one another by means of at least one further weld bead (34).

10. Projectile (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one further weld bead (34) is applied to the surface (7) of the projectile (1) in this fragmentation section (51, 52) in the longitudinal direction (11) of the fragmentation section (51, 52).

11. Projectile (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that at least two further weld beads (34) are provided, which are applied opposite one another to the surface (7) of the projectile (1) in a fragmentation section (51, 52, 53) and in the longitudinal direction of the projectile (1).

12. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) are disk-shaped.

13. Projectile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least two fragmentation groups (41, 42, 43) are provided and the fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) of the one fragmentation group (41) have at least in sections a different angle of inclination (α,β) in relation to the orthogonal plane (ε) than the fragmentation bodies (20, 23, 24, 25, 26) of the other fragmentation group (42).

14. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the annular fragmentation bodies (20, 21) has a largest outer diameter (205, 215) which is smaller than the largest outer diameter (225, 235) of its adjacent fragmentation bodies (22, 23), for receiving a sealing ring (63, 64).

15. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two fragmentation groups (41, 42) spaced apart from one another are provided, wherein an inner, first positioning element (65) threaded along the jacket surface (13) is provided between the fragmentation groups (41, 42), and an external, second positioning element (66) is arranged, which surrounds the internal positioning element (65), wherein a circumferential groove (62) for receiving a sealing ring (63, 64) is formed in the external positioning element (66).

16. Projectile (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the inner, first positioning element (65) is made of aluminum and the outer, second positioning element (66) is made of a weldable material, preferably of steel or a steel alloy, and the two positioning elements (65, 66) are pressed together.

17. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective outermost fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) of a fragmentation group (41, 42) are connected to the projectile base body (10) or to a positioning element (65, 66, 67, 68) and / or to a closure element (18) by means of at least one boundary weld bead (35).

18. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one weld bead (30, 31, 32, 33) and / or the at least one further weld bead (34) and / or the at least one boundary weld bead (35), preferably all weld beads (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35), is or are designed to be gas-tight.

19. Method for producing a projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 18, comprising the following steps of: - providing a projectile base body (10) with a preferably cylindrical jacket surface (13); - providing at least two ring-shaped fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22, 23, 24); - threading the fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) onto the jacket surface (13), wherein a group of adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) form a fragmentation group (41, 42) and each fragmentation body (20, 21, 22) of a fragmentation group (41,42) has an outer surface (201, 211, 221) opposite the jacket surface (13) and the outer surfaces (201, 211, 221) of all the fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) of a fragmentation group (41, 42) define the surface (7) of the projectile (1) in a fragmentation section (51, 52); - applying at least one weld bead (30, 31, 32, 33), which connects at least two adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) to each other.

20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that separate weld beads (30, 31, 32) are applied to join respectively adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22).

21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the separate weld beads (30, 31, 32) are each applied to the surface (7) of a fragmentation section (51, 52) extending in an orthogonal plane (ε) to the longitudinal axis (11).

22. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the separate weld beads (30, 31, 32) are applied overlapping each other.

23. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that respectively adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 22) are joined together by means of a single, preferably spirally applied weld bead (32) extending along the surface (7) of a fragmentation section (51, 52).

24. Method according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that non-adjacent fragmentation bodies (20, 21, 23, 25) are joined together by applying at least one further weld bead (34) in the longitudinal direction (11) of the projectile (1) and extending along the surface (7) of a fragmentation section (51, 52).

25. Method according to one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that the welding is carried out by means of a laser welding process, preferably by means of a pulsed laser welding process.

26. Method according to one of claims 19 to 25, characterized in that at least one section of the surface (7) of the projectile (1) is surface-treated (8) before the application of the at least one weld bead (30), preferably by means of a machining process, particularly preferably by means of turning.

27. Method according to one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that at least one section of the surface (7) of the projectile (1) is surface-treated (8) after the application of the at least one weld bead (30), preferably by means of a machining process, particularly preferably by means of turning or coating, wherein the surface treatment also comprises at least one section of the at least one weld bead (30).