ELEVATOR SYSTEM

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an elevator system with a mounting bracket for connecting guide rails to an elevator shaft in the area of ​​a door-side shaft wall of the elevator shaft.

[0002] Elevators for transporting people and goods contain elevator cars that move up and down in an elevator shaft. The elevator cars are moved vertically in the shaft by means of a drive unit, using suspension elements such as cables or belts. In addition to the elevator car, the elevator typically includes at least one counterweight that moves in the opposite direction within the shaft. To ensure that the elevator car is guided linearly with sufficient precision, guide rails are used, which are fixed in the shaft. T-shaped metal profiles have long been known and commonly used. The guide rails consist of individual guide rail segments, which are fixed in the shaft by means of mounting brackets.

[0003] EP 1 321 416 discloses a guide rail arrangement for elevators with such a mounting bracket. This mounting bracket has a U-shape, with the crossbeam of the mounting bracket fixed to the shaft wall on the door side. Furthermore, the mounting bracket has two legs extending from the ends of the crossbeam into the elevator shaft. Guide rails or guide rail segments are attached to these legs. Both the crossbeam and the legs are thus arranged within the cross-sectional area of ​​the elevator shaft, thereby reducing the usable shaft space, i.e., the free cross-sectional area of ​​the elevator shaft suitable for the movement of the elevator car. The cross-sectional area of ​​the elevator shaft refers here to the area of ​​the cavity defined by the elevator shaft as seen in plan view or in the vertical direction.The shaft space, which is often rectangular in plan view, i.e., the cross-sectional area of ​​the elevator shaft, is bounded by the shaft walls. US 3,948,358 A discloses an elevator system and a mounting bracket according to the preambles of claims 1 and 9, respectively.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator system that enables simple and safe installation of the guide rails in the elevator shaft. This object is achieved according to the invention with an elevator system having the features of claim 1.

[0005] The elevator system comprises a vertical elevator shaft in which an elevator car can move up and down between floors along guide rails. The guide rails are connected to the elevator shaft in the area of ​​a door-side shaft wall. For this connection, the elevator system includes a mounting bracket for at least one floor, preferably for several floors, and particularly preferably for each floor, to which the guide rails are attached. The mounting bracket preferably forms a U-shaped bracket structure with a crossbeam and two side beams. The crossbeam runs along the door-side shaft wall. The two side beams projecting from the crossbeam into the shaft space are preferably arranged at the ends of the crossbeam.The crossbeam has a horizontal floor-fixing section that rests on and is fixed to a horizontal surface of the floor, so that the crossbeam is advantageously arranged essentially entirely within the floor. Consequently, in this preferred case, essentially only the side beams are positioned or arranged within the shaft space. Each side beam has a rail mounting section running parallel to the door-side shaft wall at its front end, with at least one mounting opening for attaching the guide rail. Because the crossbeam can be arranged essentially entirely within the floor, increased safety for the installer during the installation of the elevator system can be ensured.The invention is further based on the understanding that only the arrangement of the shaft doors is decisive for the positioning of all essential components of the elevator car relating to its movement. Accordingly, the mounting bracket for fixing the guide rails in the elevator shaft must be aligned with the installed or to-be-installed shaft door. Consequently, it may be sufficient for the mounting bracket to be attached exclusively in an area of ​​the essentially horizontal floor surface. A further advantage lies in the improved space utilization of the elevator shaft. This is because the mounting bracket can be attached to the horizontal floor surface, meaning that essentially only the side supports are located within and occupy the shaft space.On the other hand, the front-facing mounting of the guide rails to the side supports also leads to optimized space utilization. The special mounting bracket also offers static advantages, as it ensures a particularly reliable and stable connection of the guide rails to the elevator shaft in the area of ​​the shaft wall on the door side.

[0006] The main components, i.e., the crossbeam and the two side supports of the mounting bracket, serve the following purpose: The crossbeam, which includes at least one floor-level fixing section, is used to attach the mounting bracket to the elevator shaft. The guide rails are fixed to the side supports.

[0007] The guide rails can be designed as hollow profiles.

[0008] For easier installation, it can be advantageous if at least one mounting opening in the rail mounting section is designed as an elongated hole. Fastening screws or bolts for securing the guide rails can be accommodated in the elongated hole.

[0009] The mounting bracket can be constructed in one piece or in multiple pieces. A one-piece mounting bracket can, for example, be designed as a rigid bent component made from a single sheet of metal. The side supports and the cross member can be formed from a single sheet of metal to create a common bent component. In the multi-piece version, at least the side supports, and preferably also the cross member, can each be designed as rigid bent components made from a single sheet of metal. The multi-piece design increases variability and has the advantage that the mounting bracket can be easily adapted to different shaft dimensions.

[0010] Each side support can have a horizontal web section extending from the crossbeam to the guide rail. The rail mounting section can connect to the horizontal web section at a right angle and, if the crossbeam is made of sheet metal, be connected to the horizontal web section via a bend. The horizontal web section can, for example, be flush with the horizontal floor fixing section of the crossbeam.

[0011] It can be particularly advantageous if, when the respective side support is designed as a rigid bent part made of sheet metal, the crossbeam has a vertical web section that is connected to the horizontal web section via a bend. This results in a stable yet lightweight structure.

[0012] The crossbeam can have a vertical support wall section adjoining the floor fixing section and preferably – if made of sheet metal – created by a bend, serving as a stop against the door-side shaft wall or for abutment against the door-side shaft wall. Clearly, the support wall section is thus the only element of the crossbeam located within the elevator shaft or arranged in the shaft space. The remaining elements of the crossbeam, i.e., the floor fixing section, are assigned to the floor or level. The support wall section, which preferably extends horizontally between the side beams, can close off the crossbeam towards the elevator shaft.

[0013] The crossbeam should be positioned essentially entirely within the floor of the elevator shaft. However, if such a mounting bracket is installed at multiple shaft doors of the elevator system, it is necessary that all these mounting brackets are aligned with each other according to the direction of travel of the elevator car, usually vertically. Manufacturing tolerances of the elevator shaft may result in the crossbeam of the mounting bracket protruding slightly into the shaft space. This slight protrusion still fulfills the requirement of the crossbeam being positioned essentially entirely within the floor of the elevator shaft, or more precisely, within a vertical projection of the floor.

[0014] The floor fixing section may have mounting openings for screw connections or other fasteners for attaching the mounting bracket to the floor. The mounting openings may be designed so that the mounting bracket can be adjusted to the floor or fixed in an adjustable manner.

[0015] Adjustable and fixable means that pre-fixation is possible before final alignment and subsequent final fixing of the mounting bracket. This can be achieved, for example, with a screw connection that allows horizontal sliding movement of the mounting bracket in its pre-fixed state. The floor fixing section, which can be designed as a through-hole, can be larger than the dimensions required for the screw used to attach the mounting bracket to the floor. A washer, for example, achieves pre-fixation or final fixing of the mounting bracket to the floor through the degree of pressure exerted on it by the screw.Such adjustability allows the mounting bracket to be pre-fixed on the floor and subsequently aligned and finally fixed in the elevator shaft using alignment elements that can be arranged in the elevator shaft.

[0016] Simple and reliable assembly can be achieved if the floor fixing section has a plate-like and preferably flat support structure formed by a metal sheet, which support structure extends over the entire length of the crossbeam.

[0017] The floor fixing section can exert pressure on a horizontal surface on the floor that is at least as large as the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide rails. Thanks to this sufficiently large horizontal contact surface, the guide rails can be securely mounted in the elevator shaft from the door-side shaft wall.

[0018] The shaft door can be positioned in the vertical projection above the floor fixing section. The floor fixing section of the crossbeam can thus be used as a suitable platform to support the shaft door at ground level.

[0019] The shaft door, which is provided for installation on the mounting bracket, comprises at least one door leaf. Essential components of the shaft door may include this at least one door leaf and / or a door threshold and / or at least one door leaf guide rail for guiding this at least one door leaf. Furthermore, the shaft door may contain coupling elements necessary for the mechanical coupling of the car door to the shaft door. These coupling elements may project into the cross-sectional area of ​​the elevator shaft.

[0020] A further aspect of the invention relates to a mounting bracket for an elevator system for installation on a shaft door opening, and in particular for the elevator system described above. The mounting bracket preferably forms a U-shaped bracket structure in a plan view and has a crossbeam extending in a first direction and two side beams projecting away from the crossbeam, each extending in a second direction that is transverse and preferably perpendicular to the first direction. The crossbeams and the two side beams are preferably arranged relative to each other such that they define the aforementioned "U". When the mounting bracket is installed in the elevator system, the first direction is defined by the shaft wall on the door side, along which this direction runs.The crossbeam has a floor-fixing section that can be fixed to a horizontal surface of the floor such that the crossbeam can be arranged essentially entirely within the floor, while the side beams can be arranged essentially only within the shaft space. Each of the side beams has a rail mounting section running parallel to the first direction, with at least one mounting opening for attaching a guide rail for guiding an elevator car. The rail mounting section can be located at the front end or at the end of the crossbeam furthest from the crossbeam.

[0021] Further individual features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the drawings. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an elevator system according to the invention in a side view, Fig. 2 a simplified side view of a mounting bracket mounted on a floor of an elevator shaft, Fig. 3 a top view of a mounting bracket according to a further embodiment, Fig. 4 a perspective view of the mounting bracket mounted on the floor Fig. 3 , Fig. 5 a perspective view of another mounting bracket, and Fig. 6 the mounting bracket made of Fig. 5 in a top view.

[0022] Fig. 1Figure 1 shows an elevator system. Elevators are used for vertical transport in multi-story buildings. The building shown has an elevator shaft 4 in which an elevator car 5 can travel up and down to individual floors 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, and 10.4. The vertical elevator shaft 4 is bounded at its lower end by a shaft floor. The elevator shaft 4 has a shaft door opening 6 in the form of a wall penetration at each floor 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, and 10.4. The shaft door opening 6 provides access from the floor into the elevator car 5. The elevator shaft 4 is bounded laterally by a shaft wall 12.

[0023] The movement of the elevator car 5 is effected by means of (not shown here) load-bearing elements to which the elevator car 5 is attached; these load-bearing elements can be one or more suspension cables or belts. The elevator car 5 can, for example, be self-supporting or arranged in a supporting structure, such as a support frame. The in Fig. 1 The elevator car 5 shown here, in a simplified example, has a cuboid-shaped car body and comprises a car floor, car walls, and a ceiling. Furthermore, the elevator car 5 typically has a car door (not shown) that closes off the interior of the elevator car 1 and faces the shaft wall 12 on the door side.

[0024] Guide rails 3 are arranged in the elevator shaft 4 to guide the elevator car 5. The elevator car 5 can move up and down along the guide rails 3 between floors 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, and 10.4. The guide rails 3 are evidently connected to the elevator shaft 4 in the area of ​​the door-side shaft wall 12 by means of mounting brackets 2, designated by 2. For the connection to the guide rails 3, the elevator system 1 includes, by way of example, one mounting bracket 2 each for floors 10.1 and 10.4, to which the guide rails 3 are attached. Preferably, each floor 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, and 10.4 has one such mounting bracket 2 to which the guide rails 3 are attached. The mounting bracket 2 has a horizontal floor fixing section 15 which rests on and is fixed to a horizontal surface of the floor 11.Side supports 8 connect to the floor fixing section 15, with a rail mounting section 14 provided at the front end of each side support 8, to which the respective guide rail 3 is attached. The rail mounting section 14 has one or more mounting openings (not shown here) for attaching the guide rail 3. The corresponding fastening means are indicated by short dashed lines.

[0025] The elevator of Figure 1The system can be designed as a traction elevator system 1 and, in addition to the elevator car 5, has at least one counterweight (not shown) that moves in the opposite direction to the elevator car 5. According to one embodiment of the elevator system 1, special guide rails 3 can be used, which serve as linear guides for both the elevator car 5 and the two counterweights. The traction elevator system 1 can have two drives (not shown) for this purpose. In this case, the two drives (e.g., traction sheave drives) drive the respective load-bearing elements and thus move the elevator car 5 and the two counterweights in opposite directions. Each drive is assigned to one of the counterweights. To guide the elevator car 5 and the counterweights, two opposing guide rails 3 are provided on both sides of the elevator car 5.The elevator system may have special guide rails 3 for this application, which serve as linear guides for both the elevator car 5 and the respective counterweights. These guide rails 3 may be manufactured as one-piece rolling profiles. The guide rails 3 may be hollow profiles, for example, manufactured as one-piece rolling profiles. Further details on the design of such special guide rails and on the guidance of the car and the counterweights with common guide rails can be found in WO 2020 / 127787 A1.

[0026] The mounting bracket 30 enables advantageous fixing of the guide rails 3 in the elevator shaft. The elevator system 1 can comprise several mounting brackets, each of which is separately fixed on a different floor 10.2, 10.3, 10.4 located above the lowest floor 10.1. To relieve the mounting bracket 2 associated with floor 10.1, the guide rail 3 or a guide rail segment fixed to the mounting bracket 30 can be placed on the shaft floor of the elevator shaft 4, and in particular, supported by this shaft floor.

[0027] Figure 2Figure 5 shows a shaft door opening 6 arranged on a floor 11. A shaft door 20 is arranged at this shaft door opening 5. The floor 11 comprises, for example, a horizontal concrete surface 11 and can include a walkable tread 11' during conventional use of the floor 10, the walkable tread 11' being formed, for example, by laying a screed.

[0028] The mounting bracket 2 for fixing the guide rail 8 is therefore fixed to the floor 10, preferably before the application of the exemplary screed to the concrete surface, by means of the floor fixing section 15. A door threshold 21 is arranged above the floor fixing section 15, so that the door threshold 21 forms a flat surface with the tread 11'. Furthermore, the door threshold 21 can be integrated into the tread 11' in such a way that the tread 11' does not form a step or groove, etc.

[0029] Out of Figure 2 It can further be seen that the floor fixing section 15, preferably formed by a crossbeam 7, is closed off by a support wall section 13 designated 13. This support wall section 13 forms a vertical stop that abuts the shaft wall 12 on the door side.

[0030] Essential components of the shaft door 20 are arranged in the vertical plane of the floor 11. This means that these essential components of the shaft door 20 are located outside the shaft space of the elevator shaft 4. The essential components of the shaft door 20 include, for example, the door threshold 21, a door leaf 22, and a guide rail 23 for guiding the door leaf 22. The shaft door 20 may also include further door leaves 22, and the shaft door 20 may be designed to close centrally or telescopically.

[0031] The shaft door 20 can also include, for example, coupling elements 24 for mechanical coupling with a coupling unit (not shown) arranged on the elevator car 5. Accordingly, the elevator car 5 can include a car door with a door drive motor. This door drive motor is intended, for example, for synchronous opening / closing of the shaft door coupled to the car door and, optionally, also for unlocking the car door and / or the shaft door. The coupling unit thus serves the purpose of establishing a functional connection between the door drive motor and the shaft door 20. Accordingly, such coupling elements 24 project into the shaft space or the cross-sectional area of ​​the elevator shaft 4.

[0032] As from Fig. 2 As can be seen, the shaft door 20 is located exactly in the vertical projection above the floor fixing section 15.

[0033] Furthermore, in Fig. 2 It can be seen that the side support 8 has a rail mounting section 14 running parallel to the door-side shaft wall 12 and provided at the front end of the side support, with a mounting opening 18 for attaching the guide rail 3 by means of fasteners indicated by 25. Screw connections are particularly suitable as fasteners.

[0034] Figure 3 Figure 1 shows a mounting bracket 2 for a lift system of the type described above. The mounting bracket 2 comprises the crossbeam 7 and two side beams 8 and 9 extending perpendicular to the crossbeam 7. A guide rail 3 is attached or can be attached to each end of these side beams 8 and 9.

[0035] The mounting bracket 2 comprises the floor fixing section 15, which is arranged for the direct fixing of the crossbeam 7 to a floor along the crossbeam 7. For example, the mounting bracket 2 can be fixed with screws 26 anchored in the floor or similar fastening elements. Mounting openings 19, created by holes or bores, are arranged in the floor fixing section 15. The mounting bracket 2 can be adjusted to the floor by means of these mounting openings 19. A washer 29 can be used for adjustable fixing. Adjustment points 27 allow for adjustment with respect to other mounting brackets 2 arranged in the elevator shaft by means of, for example, plumb lines or comparable alignment elements, such as laser beams suitable for aligning the mounting bracket 2.

[0036] The mounting bracket 2 forms a U-shaped bracket structure in plan view. The crossbeam 7 running along the door-side shaft wall 12 and the two side beams 8, 9 projecting from the crossbeam into the shaft space form this "U".

[0037] Figure 4Figure 1 shows a mounting bracket 2 fixed to a floor 11. The mounting bracket 2 is fixed directly to the concrete surface of the floor 11 by means of its crossbeam 7. The crossbeam 7 has a bend to form the vertical support wall section 13, which can be positioned at the end of the floor 11 bounded by the elevator shaft. The support wall section 13 forms a stop against the shaft wall on the door side and can close off the crossbeam 7 towards the elevator shaft. The support wall section 13 extends horizontally between the side beams 8 and 9. When the mounting bracket 2 is properly fixed to the floor 11, this bend, or support wall section 13, preferably projects vertically downwards, so that a minimum distance between the guide rail, which can be fixed to the mounting bracket 2, and the floor 11 can be maintained by means of the bend.

[0038] The crossbeam 7 has the floor fixing section 15, which rests on the horizontal surface of the floor 11 and is fixed to it, so that the crossbeam 7 is essentially entirely located within the floor 11. Thus, essentially only the side beams 8, 9 are located within the shaft space. Each of the side beams 8, 9 has a rail mounting section 14 running parallel to the door-side shaft wall 12, with at least one mounting opening 18 for attaching the guide rail 3, which is shown only in the illustration. The guide rails 3 are shown as T-shaped rail profiles. Of course, other shaped rail profiles could also be attached to the mounting bracket 2. The special end-face connection of the guide rail 3 to the mounting bracket 2 is particularly suitable for guide rails 3 designed as hollow rails.

[0039] Fig. 5Figure 1 shows constructive details of another variant of a mounting bracket 2 for an elevator system 1 for mounting on a shaft door opening. The mounting bracket 2, with the crossbeam 7 and the two side beams 8, 9, forms a U-shaped bracket structure. The crossbeam 7 extends in a first direction, which, when the mounting bracket 2 is installed, is determined by the shaft wall on the door side. The crossbeam 7 then extends along the shaft wall on the door side. The two side beams 8, 9, projecting from the crossbeam 7, each extend in a second direction, perpendicular to the aforementioned first direction. The crossbeam 7 has a floor fixing section 15, which can be fixed to a horizontal surface of the floor 11 such that the crossbeam 7 can be arranged essentially entirely within the floor. Thus, essentially only the side beams 8, 9 can be arranged within the shaft space of the elevator shaft.Each of the side supports 8, 9 has a rail mounting section 14 extending parallel to the first direction and located at the free end of the side support, with two mounting openings 18. The two mounting openings 18 serve to attach a guide rail (not shown). Instead of the two mounting openings 18 shown as an example, of course, only one mounting opening 18 or, if necessary, even more than two mounting openings are conceivable for each rail mounting section 14. At least one of the mounting openings 18 is designed as an elongated hole, which is advantageous with regard to ease of assembly. Mounting screws or bolts for attaching the guide rails can be received in the elongated hole.

[0040] The side supports 8 and 9, as well as the crossbeam 7, are each designed as rigid bent parts made from a sheet of metal (e.g., steel). Instead of the multi-part structure, the mounting bracket 2 can also be designed as a single piece and created from a single or common sheet of metal. The crossbeam 7 has a vertical support wall section 13, connected to the floor fixing section 15 and created by a bend, which serves as a stop against the shaft wall on the door side. Each side support 8 and 9 has a horizontal web section 17 and a vertical web section 16. The orientation specifications (horizontal and vertical) refer to the situation after assembly. The vertical web section 16 is connected to the horizontal web section 17 in one piece via a bend. The two web sections 16 and 17 extend from the crossbeam 7 to the guide rail.The support wall sections 13 are arranged at the front ends of the side supports 8, 9. The rail fastening section 14 connects at a right angle to the horizontal web section 17 and is connected to the horizontal web section 17 via a chamfer.

[0041] As especially from Fig. 6 As can be seen, the floor fixing section 15 forms a plate-like support structure, which extends over the entire length of the crossbeam 7 (length seen in relation to the aforementioned first direction). The floor fixing section 15 is sufficiently large to bear against the horizontal floor of the floor. It can be advantageous if the floor fixing section 15 bears a horizontal surface on the floor of the floor that is at least as large as the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the guide rails.

Claims

1. An elevator system comprising a vertical elevator shaft (4) in which an elevator car (5) can move up and down along guide rails (3) between floors (10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4), wherein the guide rails (3) are connected to the elevator shaft (4) via a door-side shaft wall (12), wherein the elevator system (1) comprises an installation bracket (2) for connection to the guide rails (3) for at least one floor (10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4), to which bracket the guide rails (3) are fastened, wherein the installation bracket (2) has a crossmember (7) extending along the door-side shaft wall (12) and two side members (8, 9) projecting away from the crossmember (8, 9), wherein the crossmember (7) has a floor fixing portion (15) which is fixed to a horizontal surface of the floor landing (11), characterized in that each of the side members (8, 9) has a rail fastening portion (14) extending in parallel with the door-side shaft wall (12) and having at least one mounting hole (18) for fastening the guide rail (3).

2. The elevator system according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one mounting hole (18) in the rail fastening portion (14) is designed as an elongated hole.

3. The elevator system according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that at least the side members (8, 9) and preferably the crossmember (7) are each designed as bent parts made of sheet metal or that the side members (8, 9) and the crossmember (7) are created from a common sheet metal blank and are formed by a common bent part made of sheet metal.

4. The elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the corresponding side member (8, 9) has a horizontal web portion (17) extending from the crossmember (7) to the guide rail (3), the rail fastening portion (14) adjoining the horizontal web portion (17) at a right angle and preferably being connected to the horizontal web portion (17) via a folded edge.

5. The elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the crossmember (7) has a vertical member wall portion (13) adjoining the floor fixing portion (15) and preferably created by a folded edge as a stop to the door-side shaft wall or for abutting against the door-side shaft wall (12).

6. The elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the floor fixing portion (15) has a plate-like and flat support structure preferably formed by sheet metal, which support structure extends over the entire length of the crossmember (7).

7. The elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the floor fixing portion (15) acts on a horizontal surface on the floor landing (11) which is at least as large as the cross-sectional areas of the guide rails (3).

8. The elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the shaft door (20) is arranged above the floor fixing portion (15) in the vertical projection.

9. An installation bracket (2) for mounting on a shaft door opening (6 of the elevator system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the installation bracket (2) has a crossmember (7) extending in a first direction and two side members (8, 9) projecting away from the crossmember, wherein the crossmember (7) has a floor fixing portion (15) which can be fixed to a horizontal surface of the floor landing (11), characterized in that each of the side members (8, 9) has a rail fastening portion (14) extending in parallel with the first direction and having at least one mounting hole (18) for fastening a guide rail (3) for guiding an elevator car (5).