ELECTRIC ACTUATOR FOR VEHICLE HEATING, VENTILATION AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric actuator adapted to drive a moving element for a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system for a motor vehicle.

[0002] It finds a particular, but not limited, application in heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning systems for motor vehicles.

[0003] An electric actuator suitable for driving a moving element in a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system for a motor vehicle, known to those skilled in the art, comprises: An electric motor comprising a stator and a rotor; a planet gear comprising at least one planet gear; an output wheel adapted to be driven in rotation by said planet gear; a drive shaft connected to the electric motor and adapted to drive said planet gear in rotation. D1 US2003222532 describes a 3-in-1 motorization system comprising a motor body, a drive control mechanism, and a power transmission mechanism. A drive control circuit box is installed at one end of the motor body, and a gear housing in which a deceleration gear module is disposed is installed at the other end of the motor body. A printed circuit board is installed at one end of the motor stator. Signals from the stator are transmitted by signal-conducting points to a drive control circuit in the circuit box.A lower rotor bearing seat is located at the opposite end of the motor stator. A sun gear is located at the rear end of the rotor shaft and engages the planetary gears of the deceleration gear module. A separate deceleration gear seat is installed at the outer end of the lower rotor bearing seat. The deceleration gear module is received in the deceleration gear seat. D2 DE 202006 014817 describes a drive comprising gear stages integrated into a motor housing and driven by eccentrics through a stator and rotor. The eccentrics define eccentric shafts that are parallel to a rotor axis of rotation. A drive pinion is combined with two chamfers and can rotate about the shaft relative to the housing. The shafts are arranged together in a movable manner in a peripheral direction around the shaft.

[0004] One drawback of these prior art designs is the need for precise alignment of the drive shaft perpendicular to the plane of the electric motor, the planet gear, and the output wheel to ensure proper operation of the electric actuator. This alignment is crucial for maintaining a secure connection between the drive shaft and the planet gear, thereby maximizing the actuator's efficiency. Achieving this alignment can be challenging or can degrade over time due to the drive shaft bearings. Consequently, the drive shaft may exhibit precession, weakening the connection to the planet gear and reducing the output torque at the output wheel.

[0005] In this context, the present invention aims to offer an alternative solution to the previously mentioned prior art.

[0006] To this end, the invention provides an electric actuator according to claim 1. Thus, as will be seen in detail below, replacing the drive shaft with a drive wheel directly connected to the rotor will, on the one hand, eliminate the alignment problem and, on the other hand, reduce the compactness of the electric actuator. Furthermore, there is no longer a problem of premature wear of the planetary gear due to precession.

[0007] The electric motor is traversed, in whole or in part, by the output star of the output wheel. This allows the electric actuator to be mounted on the heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system in any orientation.

[0008] In non-limiting embodiments, the electric actuator may further include one or more of the following additional features: In one non-limiting embodiment, the drive wheel is overmolded with the rotor of the electric motor. This reduces the number of parts of the electric actuator that need to be assembled.

[0009] According to the invention, the rotor of the electric motor and the drive wheel are hollow. This allows the output star wheel to pass through the electric motor.

[0010] In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric motor, drive wheel, planetary gear, and output wheel extend along the same drive axis of the electric motor. This reduces the overall size of the electric actuator. The drive wheel, planetary gear, and output wheel thus rotate around the drive axis of the electric motor.

[0011] In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric actuator further comprises a housing, and the electric motor, drive wheel, planetary gear, and output wheel are housed within the housing. This eliminates the need for a separate motor housing typically used to house only the electric motor.

[0012] According to a non-limiting embodiment, said at least one satellite comprises two gear stages with different diameters. This makes it possible to increase the torque and reduce the rotational speed.

[0013] According to a non-limiting embodiment, said satellite ring comprises an odd number of satellites. This allows the satellite ring to be balanced and improves the efficiency of the electric actuator.

[0014] In a non-limiting embodiment, the drive wheel, the planetary ring, and the output wheel form an epicyclic gear train. This allows sufficient torque to be obtained for the electric actuator in a very small space.

[0015] In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric actuator further comprises an electronic board positioned on or below the electric motor. This reduces the lateral dimensions of the electric actuator, and the electronic board assembly is quick and easy.

[0016] According to a non-limiting embodiment, the electronic board is adapted to extend along a plane perpendicular to the motor axis of the electric motor. This allows for a more compact design for the electric actuator.

[0017] According to a non-limiting embodiment, the electronic board is positioned on the stator.

[0018] In a non-limiting embodiment, the electronic board is adapted to enclose all or part of the rotor and drive wheel. Thus, the opening in the rotor is not obstructed by the electronic board. The output star wheel of the output wheel can easily pass through the opening.

[0019] In a non-limiting embodiment, the drive wheel is directly connected to at least one satellite of said satellite ring. The drive wheel comprises teeth that mesh with teeth of said at least one satellite of said satellite ring. This enables direct drive of said satellite ring by said drive wheel. In particular, the teeth of the drive wheel are adapted to mesh with a first stage of gears of said at least one satellite.

[0020] In a non-limiting embodiment, said at least one satellite of the satellite gear is directly connected to said output wheel. In particular, it comprises teeth that mesh with teeth of said output wheel. This enables direct drive of the output wheel by said at least one satellite. In particular, the teeth of the output wheel are adapted to mesh with a second stage of gears of said at least one satellite.

[0021] In a non-limiting embodiment, the output star wheel is directly connected to the moving element of the heating, ventilation, and / or air conditioning system. Specifically, it comprises teeth that mesh with teeth of the moving element of the heating, ventilation, and / or air conditioning system. This enables the direct drive of the moving element by the output star wheel, without the need for any additional kinematic components.

[0022] According to a non-limiting embodiment, the output star has a complementary shape with a part of the moving element.

[0023] A heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system is also offered, including an electric actuator according to any of the previous characteristics.

[0024] The invention and its various applications will be better understood by reading the following description and examining the accompanying figures: there figure 1 represents a basic kinematic diagram of an electric actuator for a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system for a motor vehicle, said electric actuator comprising a housing, an electric motor, a drive wheel, an electronic board, a planetary gear, and an output wheel, according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 2 represents an exploded view of the electric actuator of the figure 1, according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 3 represents a profile view of the electric actuator of the Figures 1 And 2 without the casing, according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electric actuator of the figure 3 , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 5 represents a perspective view of the stator and rotor of the electric motor of the electric actuator of the figures 1 to 4 , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 6a represents a perspective view of the electric motor rotor assembled to the drive wheel of the electric actuator of the figures 1 to 4 , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 6b represents a perspective view of the rotor-drive wheel assembly of the figure 6a assembled with the stator of the electric motor of the figure 5 , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 7a, represents a perspective view of the electronic board of the electric actuator of the figures 1 to 4 , assembled with the rotor-drive wheel assembly of the figure 6a , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 7b , represents a perspective view of the rotor-drive wheel-electronic board assembly of the figure 7a assembled with the stator of the electric motor of the figure 5 , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 8a , represents a perspective view of the satellite ring of the electric actuator of the figures 1 to 4 assembled with the rotor-drive wheel-electronic board assembly, according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 8b , represents a perspective view of the rotor-drive wheel-electronic board-satellite ring assembly of the figure 8a assembled with the stator of the electric motor of the figure 5 , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 9a, represents a perspective view of the output wheel of the electric actuator of Figs 1 to 4, assembled with the rotor-drive wheel-electronic board-satellite ring assembly, according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 9b , represents a perspective view of the rotor-drive wheel-electronic board-satellite ring-output wheel assembly figure 9a assembled with the stator of the electric motor of the figure 5 , according to a non-limiting embodiment; the figure 10a , represents a perspective view of the housing of the electric actuator of Figures 1 and 2, according to a non-limiting embodiment; and the figure 10b , represents a perspective view of the casing of the figure 10a in which are housed the electric motor, the drive wheel, the satellite ring and the output wheel of the electric actuator of the figures 1 to 4 , according to a non-limiting embodiment.

[0025] Identical elements, whether structural or functional, appearing on different figures retain the same references unless otherwise specified.

[0026] The electric actuator 1 is described with reference to figures 1 to 10b according to non-limiting embodiments. The electric actuator 1 is adapted to drive a moving element 20 (illustrated schematically on the figure 1) of a heating, ventilation, and / or air conditioning system (not shown), commonly referred to as an HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) system for a motor vehicle. In the following description, the heating, ventilation, and / or air conditioning system is also referred to as an HVAC system. A motor vehicle is defined as any type of motor vehicle. The electric actuator 1 is adapted for mounting in the HVAC system. In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric actuator 1 is adapted for mounting on one side of a wall of the HVAC system, while the moving element 20 is mounted on the other side. In a non-limiting embodiment, the HVAC system is positioned under the dashboard of the motor vehicle. An HVAC system provides thermal management for the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.It enables the movement of airflow into the passenger compartment, as well as its thermal conditioning, specifically for heating and / or cooling. To this end, the HVAC system includes a heat exchanger for heating, such as a radiator, and a heat exchanger for cooling, such as an evaporator. The airflow circulating within the HVAC system is directed to one or both of the heat exchangers to achieve the desired thermal conditioning. The HVAC system delivers the thermally treated airflow to specific areas of the passenger compartment, such as a lower area known as the "footwell," an area near the windshield, and / or an upper area known as the "ventilation," particularly one located near the passenger's face.The circulation of airflow through the heat exchangers and the selective distribution of the treated airflow to the various passenger compartment zones mentioned above is achieved by actuation of movable elements 20, arranged within distribution ducts in the HVAC system. Each movable element 20 is electrically controlled by an electric actuator 1, or several movable elements 20 are electrically controlled by an electric actuator 1. The electrical signal received from the electric actuator 1 is converted into a movement of the movable elements 20 to bring them to a specific position. The electric actuator 1 thus allows for the automatic control of one or more movable elements 20. In a non-limiting embodiment, these movable elements 20 are air flaps. This non-limiting embodiment is included in the following description.

[0027] As illustrated on the Figures 1 And2 The electric actuator 1 comprises: an electric motor 10 comprising a stator 100 and a rotor 101; a drive wheel 11; a satellite ring 12 comprising at least one satellite 120; an output wheel 13. The drive wheel 11, the satellite ring 12 and the output wheel 13 form a gear train which is a speed reducer. In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric actuator 1 further includes an electronic card 14. In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric actuator 1 further comprises a housing 15. In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric actuator 1 has a substantially circular shape. As illustrated on the figures 1 to 3 The electric motor 10, the drive wheel 11, the satellite ring 12, and the output wheel 13 are coaxial. Thus, they extend along the same axis, which is the motor axis 102 of said electric motor 10. This allows for a gain in lateral compactness. As illustrated on the figure 1 , it should be noted that the axis of the moving element 20 is also coincident with the motor axis 102. In a non-limiting embodiment, the electric actuator 1 is adapted to detect when the moving element 20, such as the air damper, reaches the end of its travel. At the end of its travel, there is a physical stop. The electric actuator 1 is capable of detecting the end of its travel. It thus includes a limit switch detection function. This allows the control of the electric motor 10 to be cut off so that there is no noise due to the moving element 20 reaching its limit switch and so that there is no wear on the teeth of the various gears 11, 12, 13 of the electric actuator 1. The electric actuator 1 is then referred to as an intelligent electric actuator. The limit switch detection function and its implementation being known to those skilled in the art, they are not described in further detail here.

[0028] The various elements of the electric actuator 1 are described in detail below. • Case 15

[0029] The 15 case is shown on the Figures 1 , 2 , 10a and 10b .

[0030] It allows the electric actuator 1 to be mounted in the HVAC system.

[0031] In a non-limiting embodiment, the housing 15 is made of a plastic material. This allows for a housing 15 that is lighter, less expensive, and quieter than if it were made of a metallic material.

[0032] The housing 15 is adapted to receive the electric motor 10, the drive wheel 11, the satellite ring 12 and the output wheel 13. Thus, the electric motor 10, the drive wheel 11, the satellite ring 12 and the output wheel 13 are housed in a single housing 15.

[0033] In a non-limiting embodiment shown, the housing 15 has a substantially circular shape.

[0034] As illustrated on the figure 10a, the housing 15 includes an upper cover 15a and a lower cover 15b adapted to cover and protect the other elements 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 of the electric actuator 1.

[0035] In non-limiting examples, the upper cover 15a and the lower cover 15b are assembled together by clips or by gluing.

[0036] The upper hood 15a and the lower hood 15b extend substantially in a plane perpendicular to the motor axis 102.

[0037] In a non-limiting embodiment, the housing 15 further includes an aperture 150 illustrated on the figure 10a , provided in the upper cover 15a, into which one end of an output star 130 of the output wheel 13 (described later) can be inserted as illustrated on the figure 10b . This 150 opening allows the output wheel 13 to be held in position.

[0038] In a non-limiting embodiment, the housing 15 further includes a mounting device 151 for the HVAC system. In a non-limiting embodiment, the mounting device 151 projects radially from the upper cover 15a, or from the lower cover 15b, or from both covers.

[0039] In the illustrated, non-limiting example, the mounting device consists of two lugs 151, each with openings adapted to receive a screw. The two lugs 151 project radially from the upper cover 15a and the lower cover 15b, as illustrated in the figure 10a .

[0040] It should be noted that having the mounting device 151 on either side of the upper cover 15a and the lower cover 15b allows the screws cooperating with the mounting device 151 to hold the upper cover 15a and the lower cover 15b together, preventing them from separating when a pressure force is applied to the upper cover 15a. Such a pressure force is applied when the moving element 20 is mounted on the output wheel 13.

[0041] In a non-limiting embodiment, the housing 15 further includes an electrical plug 152. The electrical plug 152 extends radially from the housing 15. It forms an electrical interface between the electronic board 14 described later and an electrical connector (not shown) that transmits control signals and power signals to respectively control and power said electronic board 14. These control signals and power signals are generated by an electronic control unit (not shown) of the motor vehicle. • 10 Electric Motor

[0042] The electric motor 10 is illustrated in whole or in part on the figures 1 to 9b In non-limiting embodiments, the electric motor 10 is a bipolar stepper motor or a three-phase motor, or a brushed or brushless DC motor.

[0043] It is housed in case 15.

[0044] The electric motor 10 includes a motor shaft 102 illustrated on the figures 1 and 3 .

[0045] As illustrated on the figure 5 In a non-limiting embodiment, the rotor 101 is an internal rotor, namely it is located inside the stator 100. Thus, it is fitted into the stator 100.

[0046] The stator 100 is of hollow annular shape and comprises a series of copper coils 104 surrounding the rotor 101. In the illustrated example, there are three coils 104. In other non-limiting examples not shown, there are six or eight coils 104.

[0047] The electric motor 10 is adapted to drive the drive wheel 11 in rotation, thus ensuring the rotation of the satellite ring 12 and the output wheel 13, and consequently the movement of the moving element 20.

[0048] More specifically, the rotor 101 of the electric motor 10 is adapted to drive the drive wheel 11 in rotation.

[0049] In a non-limiting embodiment illustrated on the figure 6a For example, the rotor 101 and the drive wheel 11 are fixed to each other. The rotor 101 is thus directly connected to the drive wheel 11. This allows the rotor 101 to be part of the gear train formed by the drive wheel 11, the planetary gear 12, and the output wheel 13.

[0050] In one non-limiting embodiment, the rotor 101 and the drive wheel 11 are fitted together. In another non-limiting embodiment, the drive wheel 11 is overmolded with the rotor 101. This allows for simpler and faster assembly of the electric actuator 1 because there are fewer parts to assemble.

[0051] In a non-limiting embodiment shown, the diameter of the rotor 101 is larger than that of the drive wheel 11.

[0052] In a non-limiting embodiment not shown, the part of the drive wheel 11 fitted into the rotor 101 comprises a smaller diameter than that of the rotor 101 and the other part in connection with the satellite ring 12 comprises a larger diameter than that of the rotor 101.

[0053] In a non-limiting embodiment, illustrated for example on the figure 5 The rotor 101 is a hollow cylinder. Such a rotor 101 allows for an electric motor 10 that is lighter than an electric motor 10 with a solid rotor. Indeed, in the latter case, for the same torque, the magnetic flux in the stator must be increased, and to achieve this, a stator with larger coils or a larger stator, which is therefore heavier, is required.

[0054] According to the invention, the output star 130 passes all or part through the electric motor 10. Thus, said electric motor is traversed all or part by said output star of said output wheel.

[0055] In particular, the rotor 101, which is a hollow cylinder, is traversed all or part by the output star 130 of said output wheel 13. Thus, the rotor 101 includes an opening 103 through which the output star 130 of said output wheel 13 (described later) can pass all or part.

[0056] Thus, the rotor 101 includes a base 1010 enlarged so as to allow the output star 130 to pass through. Enlarging the base 1010 of the rotor 101 makes it possible to reduce the height of the electric motor 10. This results in a relatively flat and more powerful electric motor 10.

[0057] Furthermore, this allows for a larger magnetic field and therefore more torque than with a smaller rotor.

[0058] Since the drive wheel 11 is integral with the rotor 101, the output star 130 also passes all or part through the drive wheel 11. The drive wheel 11 thus also includes the said opening 103. • Drive wheel 11

[0059] The drive wheel 11 is illustrated on the figures 1 to 4 , And 6a to 9b .

[0060] The drive wheel is also called the internal planetary gear.

[0061] As described previously, in a non-limiting embodiment, the drive wheel 11 is integral with the rotor 101. In another non-limiting embodiment, it is overmolded with the rotor 101 of the electric motor 10. As illustrated in the figure 6b The rotor-drive wheel assembly is fitted into the stator 100.

[0062] Since the drive wheel is fixed to the rotor 101, no precessional motion can be generated. Furthermore, there are no bearings and no drive shaft to maintain on an axis. Assembly is therefore simpler, reducing the number of parts.

[0063] The drive wheel 11 is suitable for: be driven in rotation by the rotor 101 of the electric motor 10 as described previously; and be driven in rotation by the satellite ring 12.

[0064] The drive wheel 11 rotates around the motor shaft 102.

[0065] The drive wheel 11 is fitted into the satellite ring 120 described later, in particular into its support 121.

[0066] The drive wheel 11 cooperates with at least one satellite 120 of the satellite ring 12. In the example illustrated in the figures, it cooperates with three satellites 120.

[0067] In a non-limiting embodiment, when a satellite 120 comprises two gear stages 120a, 120b with different diameters, the drive road 11 cooperates with only one gear stage 120a of a satellite 120. Said gear stage 120a is the one closest to the electric motor 10.

[0068] The drive wheel 11 is in direct connection with the satellite 120, in particular here with its gear stage 120a.

[0069] In a non-limiting embodiment, the drive wheel 11 includes an external toothed surface whose teeth cooperate with teeth of the satellite 120 (in particular of the gear stage 120a) so as to set it in rotation.

[0070] To adjust the output torque and speed, the number of teeth on the drive wheel 11 and the gear train are modified. Thanks to the epicyclic gear train (described later), the output torque required to move the moving element 20 is increased. This eliminates the need for a very powerful electric motor 10, thus saving energy. In a non-limiting example, the electric motor 10 has a power output of at least 0.2 N / cm. Therefore, the lower the power output of the electric motor 10, the greater the required output torque, achieved by adjusting the gear ratio, for example, using an epicyclic gear train. • Satellite crown 12

[0071] The satellite crown 12 is illustrated on the figures 1 to 4 , And 8a to 9b .

[0072] Satellite ring 12 includes: at least one satellite 120; one support 121, otherwise called a satellite carrier.

[0073] A 120 satellite is also called a planetary satellite.

[0074] The 12 satellite crown is suitable for: be driven in rotation by the drive wheel 11 as described previously; drive the output wheel 13 in rotation.

[0075] A satellite 120 is adapted to rotate on its own axis. It rotates around its axis. Furthermore, it is adapted to rotate around the motor shaft 102.

[0076] In a non-limiting embodiment, a satellite 120 is formed by at least one toothed wheel, also called a gear, whose teeth cooperate with the teeth formed on the output wheel 13 described later, so as to set it in rotation.

[0077] In a non-limiting embodiment, the satellite ring 12 is double-stage. Thus, a satellite 120 comprises two stages of gears 120a, 120b.

[0078] In a non-limiting embodiment, a satellite 120 comprises two gear stages 120a, 120b with different diameters and a different number of teeth. In a non-limiting embodiment, a satellite 120 is a single piece.

[0079] The gear stage 120b, also known as the upper gear stage 120b, has a larger diameter than the gear stage 120a, also known as the lower gear stage 120a.

[0080] This allows for increased torque and reduced speed.

[0081] In particular, the lower gear stage 120a is adapted to cooperate with the drive wheel 11 as described previously. It is directly connected to said drive wheel 11.

[0082] The upper gear stage 120b is adapted to cooperate with the output wheel 13 so as to drive it in rotation. It is directly connected to said output wheel 13. In particular, it is in contact with teeth of an external planetary gear 131 of the output wheel 13 (described later).

[0083] In a non-limiting embodiment, the satellite ring 12 comprises a plurality of satellites 120. This improves the efficiency of the gear train formed by the drive wheel 11, the satellite ring 12, and said output wheel 13, because there is less slippage between the teeth that cooperate with each other; in other words, there is less tooth skipping.

[0084] In a non-limiting embodiment, it comprises an odd number of satellites 120. In the non-limiting example shown, it comprises three satellites 120. This allows the satellite ring 12 to be balanced. The number of three satellites 120 is a good compromise between efficiency and size.

[0085] As illustrated on the figure 8a , the support 121 is composed of two support rings 121a, 121b adapted to hold the mechanical axes (not illustrated) on which the satellites 120 rotate. The satellites 120 are thus arranged between the two support rings 121a and 121b.

[0086] The satellite ring 12 rotates around the motor shaft 102. In particular, it is its support 121 which rotates around said motor shaft 102 so as to rotate the satellites 120 around said motor shaft 102. • Exit wheel 13

[0087] The output wheel 13 is illustrated on the figures 1 to 4 , 9a, 9b , And 10b.

[0088] The output wheel 13 is suitable for: be driven in rotation by the satellite ring 12 as seen previously; drive the moving element 20 of the HVAC system.

[0089] In particular, output wheel 13 includes: an external planet 131; and an exit star 130.

[0090] The outer planetary gear 131 is adapted to be driven in rotation by the planetary gear 12. In particular, the outer planetary gear 131 is adapted to cooperate with the upper gear stage 120b of the planetary gears 120 of the planetary gear 12 as described previously. The outer planetary gear 131 comprises a toothed internal surface 1301 (illustrated in the figure 9b ) whose teeth cooperate with the teeth of the satellites 120 of the satellite crown 12.

[0091] The output star 130 is adapted to drive the moving element 20, causing the latter to rotate. The moving element 20 thus has the same rotational speed as the output star 130.

[0092] In particular, the output star 130 is adapted to cooperate with a projecting part 200 (schematically shown on the figure 1 ) of the moving element 20. The output star 130 thus presents a complementary shape with the projecting part 200 of the moving element 20.

[0093] According to the invention, the output star 130 is hollow and has grooves on its internal surface as illustrated in the figure 4 for example. The output wheel 13 is thus, in this non-limiting embodiment, a so-called female output wheel.

[0094] The output star 130 has sufficient height to push in the protruding part 200 of the moving element 20.

[0095] As illustrated on the figure 9aThe output star 130 is partially axially projecting from the external planetary gear 131 so as to be inserted into the upper cover 15a of the housing 15 as illustrated in the figure 10b . While the other elements 10, 11, 12, 14 of the electric actuator 1 are enclosed in the housing 15 without being accessible, the output star 130 is thus accessible for inserting the protruding part 200 of the moving element 20.

[0096] As illustrated on the figure 4 , the output star 130 extends along the motor shaft 102 in the direction of the stator 101.

[0097] According to the invention, the output star 13 passes through all or part of the electric actuator 1.

[0098] This allows the protruding portion 200 of the moving element 20 to be inserted on either side of the actuator 1. This provides greater flexibility in installing the actuator 1 within the HVAC system. Finally, it results in a more axially compact electric actuator compared to a non-through-hole star-shaped output that extends primarily beyond the housing 15.

[0099] In a non-limiting embodiment, the output star 13 passes through all or part of the electric motor 10. In particular, it passes all or part of the opening 103 of the rotor 100 described previously. In a non-limiting variant of the embodiment illustrated in the Figures 1 And 4The output star 130 passes completely through the electric motor 10 until it emerges on the stator side 100 of the actuator 1. It thus passes through the electric actuator 1 from one side to the other. This provides a larger contact surface between the splines of the output star 130 and the protruding portion 200 of the moving element 20, thereby making the mounting of the moving element 20 on the electric actuator 1 more robust and reliable. The output star 130 and the external planetary gear 131 are fixed together. Consequently, the rotation of the external planetary gear 131 causes the output star 131 to rotate. In non-limiting embodiments, the output star 130 is either overmolded with the external planetary gear 131 or fitted into said external planetary gear 131.

[0100] The drive wheel 11, the planet gear 12, and the output wheel 13 described above are stacked and nested. They form an epicyclic gear train, also known as an epicyclic speed reducer. It should be noted that when a planet gear 120 of the planet gear 12 comprises two stages of gears 120a, 120b, it is referred to as a double-stage epicyclic gear train. An epicyclic gear train provides sufficient torque in a very small space. It also provides sufficient holding torque to prevent the electric actuator 1 from reversing when it is not powered. Thus, in a non-limiting example, the holding torque is less than 100 N / cm (Newtons per centimeter). In other words, the torque required to rotate the electric actuator 1 when it is not powered is greater than or equal to 100 N / cm.The electric actuator 1 is therefore non-reversible (it cannot rotate) when forces are less than 100 N / cm². An epicyclic gear train provides sufficient holding torque to prevent the moving element 20 from moving during vibrations that may occur when the vehicle is in motion, for example, when going over a speed bump. This eliminates any noise from the moving element 20. Furthermore, having sufficient holding torque to prevent the moving element 20 from moving allows the power supply to the electric actuator 1 to be cut off after a thermal adjustment (heating, air conditioning, and / or ventilation setting) has been made to position the moving element 20 in a specific position. It is not necessary to operate the electric actuator 1 to keep the moving element 20 in the specified position. This results in lower energy consumption. • Electronic card 14

[0101] The electronic card 14 is illustrated on the figures 1 to 4 , And 7a to 9b .

[0102] In a non-limiting embodiment, the electronic card 14 is flat and extends in a plane perpendicular to the motor axis 102. The extension plane thus crosses the motor axis 102.

[0103] In a non-limiting embodiment, the electronic card 14 is positioned on or under said electric motor 10.

[0104] In a non-limiting embodiment illustrated on the figure 7b , it is positioned on the stator 100 of the electric motor 10.

[0105] In a non-limiting embodiment, it is adapted to encircle all or part of the rotor 101. It is thus a disc that is wholly or partially perforated. The assembly of the electronic board 14 is simple and quick, as it only needs to be placed on the stator 100. The assembly of the electronic board 14 can therefore be automated.

[0106] In a non-limiting embodiment shown, the electronic board 14 is substantially circular in shape and has an opening into which the rotor 101 can be inserted. It is thus a fully perforated disc centered on the shaft of the motor 102. Therefore, the electronic board 14 simply needs to be fitted onto the rotor 101.

[0107] In a non-limiting embodiment shown, the electronic board 14 includes windows 140 adapted to allow passage of the coils 104 of the stator 100. Thus, the coils 104 serve as poka-yoke to position the electronic board 14 on the stator 100. During assembly, the coils 104 are pressed into the windows 140.

[0108] The electronic board 14 comprises an electrically insulating substrate carrying a plurality of conductive tracks and a plurality of electronic components (not shown). In a non-limiting embodiment, it also includes a control device, called a "driver," for the electric motor 10, adapted to receive the control signals and power signals for the electric motor 10 from the electrical connector 152.

[0109] Furthermore, the electronic board 14 is connected to the coils 104 of the stator 101 and thus allows their electrical supply.

[0110] Electronic card 14 is, in a non-limiting example, a printed circuit board called PCBA in English ("Printed Circuit Board Assembly").

[0111] The configuration of the electronic board 14 described on or under the electric motor 10 allows for an electronic board 14 large enough to position the active components (capacitors, transistors, inductors etc.) far enough apart from each other to ensure good electromagnetic compatibility.

[0112] As you can see, the figures 6b , 7b , 8b , 9b And 10b illustrate steps in a process for assembling the components of the electric actuator 1, in a non-limiting embodiment. In this non-limiting embodiment: the drive wheel 11 is overmolded with the rotor 101; the electronic board is disc-shaped and has an opening through which the rotor 101 and the drive wheel 11 can pass. The steps are as follows: fitting of the rotor assembly 101-drive wheel 11 into the stator 100 ( figure 6b) ; positioning of the electronic board 14 on the stator 101 ( figure 7b ) ; fitting of the satellite ring 12 into the drive wheel 11 so as to surround said drive wheel 11 and positioning of said satellite ring 12 on the electronic board 14 ( figure 8b ); insertion of the output star 130 into the rotor 101 of the electric motor so as to fit the output wheel 13 into the satellite ring 12 and into the drive wheel 11 ( figure 9b ) ; positioning of the assembly 10-11-12-13-14 in the lower cover 15b of the housing 15; placement of the upper cover 15a on the lower cover 15b so as to close the housing 15.

[0113] Thus, we have a stack of the electric motor 10, the drive wheel 11, the electronic board 14, the satellite ring 12 and the output wheel 13 in that order along the motor axis 102.

[0114] Of course, the description of the invention is not limited to the application and embodiments described above. Thus, in addition to use in an HVAC system, the electric actuator 1 can also be used to drive a moving element 20, such as a flap located at the front of the motor vehicle to regulate the intake air at the engine compartment and improve the aerodynamic penetration of the motor vehicle; Thus, the electric actuator 1 can be used in any system that requires driving a rotating moving element; Thus, in another non-limiting embodiment, the housing 15 is made of a metallic material.Thus, in another non-limiting embodiment, the housing 15 has a shape that may differ from a circular shape so that its mounting device 151 can adapt to fixing points on existing HVAC systems and thus allow existing electric actuators to be replaced by the one that is the subject of the invention. Thus, in another non-limiting embodiment, the electronic board 14 is semi-circular in shape and has a semi-circular opening. Thus, in another non-limiting embodiment, the electronic board is a flexible board, also known as a "flexboard." Thus, in yet another non-limiting embodiment, the electronic board 14 is further adapted to send diagnostic signals from the electric actuator 1 to a CAN or LIN multiplexed network via the electrical connector (not shown) which cooperates with the electrical plug 152.Thus, in another non-limiting embodiment, the moving element 20 is a kinematic component connected to several air flaps. The output star 130 of the output wheel 13 is thus adapted to cooperate with said kinematic component. The electric actuator 1 is thus adapted to electrically control several air flaps. Thus, in another non-limiting embodiment, the planetary ring 12 comprises one or more stages of planetary gears 120. It should be noted that as the number of stages increases, the gear ratio of the gear train increases, and the output torque increases.

[0115] Thus, the described invention offers the following advantages in particular: It allows for a more compact electric actuator 1, both radially and axially. Its height and width are reduced; it eliminates the need for an intermediate kinematic component between the moving element 20 and the electric actuator 1. Thus, there is no noise generated by a moving intermediate component. By removing the intermediate component, the overall weight of the HVAC system and the number of parts required to move the moving element 20 are reduced. This advantage is particularly significant given the trend among manufacturers to increase the number of moving elements 20 in motor vehicles to enhance thermal comfort zones for vehicle users. Furthermore, there is less wear on the HVAC-moving element chain, resulting in improved reliability and robustness of the HVAC system. It eliminates the need for a worm gear to drive the gear train and ensures sufficient holding torque, thus avoiding the need to lay the electric motor on its side within the HVAC system. Using a worm gear requires laying the electric motor so that its motor shaft is perpendicular to the output star shaft.This results in an increase in the height of such an electric actuator with a horizontal electric motor because said electric motor has a diameter greater than the height of the electric actuator; it allows for increased efficiency and noise reduction from the moving element 20 thanks to the epicyclic gear train; thanks to the unique housing 15 of the electric actuator 1, it avoids having two separate housings, one for the electric motor 10 and another for the gear train formed by the drive wheel 11, the planetary ring 12 and the output wheel 13; it eliminates the need for a drive shaft and the associated disadvantages.

Claims

1. Electric actuator (1) adapted to drive a mobile element (20) for a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system for a motor vehicle, comprising: - an electric motor (10) comprising a stator (100) and a rotor (101); - a satellite crown (12) comprising at least one satellite (120); - an output wheel (13) adapted to be driven in rotation by said satellite crown (12); wherein: - said electric actuator (1) further comprises a drive wheel (11) in direct connection with said rotor (101), adapted to be driven in rotation by said rotor (101) and adapted to drive said satellite crown (12) in rotation; - said output wheel (13) comprises an output star (130) adapted to drive said mobile element (20) of said ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning system, the output star is hollow and has splines, - said electric motor (10) is traversed wholly or partly by said output star (130) of said output wheel (13), the rotor being hollow and the output star passing through the opening of the rotor.

2. Electric actuator (1) according to claim 1, wherein said drive wheel (11) is overmolded with said rotor (101) of said electric motor (10).

3. Electric actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, wherein said drive wheel (11) is hollow.

4. Electric actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, wherein said electric motor CLAIMS (10), said drive wheel (11), said satellite crown (12) and said output wheel (13) extend along a same motor axis (102) of said electric motor (10).

5. Electric actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, wherein said electric actuator (1) further comprises a housing (15), and wherein said electric motor (10), said drive wheel (11), said satellite crown (12) and said output wheel (13) are housed in said housing (15).

6. Electric actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein said at least one satellite (120) comprises two gear stages (120a, 120b) with different diameters.

7. Electric actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, wherein said satellite crown (12) comprises an odd number of satellites (120).

8. Electric actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, wherein said drive wheel (11), said satellite crown (12) and said output wheel (13) form an epicyclic gear train.

9. Electric actuator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein said electric actuator (1) further comprises an electronic board (14) positioned on or under said electric motor (10).