ELECTRONIC ELEMENT FOR TRANSMITTING IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION DURING A STATE CHANGE

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The present invention relates to an electronic member subject to movement or sensitive to the proximity of an object or a source, intended for example to be incorporated into a mounted assembly, in order to transmit identification information, for example the identity of the components of the mounted assembly, when the electronic member is set in motion or when a certain proximity to other objects or a source has been reached. Technological background

[0002] Knowledge of the identity of the components of the assembled assembly or of the objects of a system is essential for adapting the devices, particularly electronic ones, of the system such as driving assistance tools for motor vehicles. Indeed, these devices are sensitive to the technical characteristics of the components, in particular those of the pneumatic envelope for the example of driving assistance tools. This component, like the pneumatic envelope, is likely to evolve over time or to be changed during the use of the system; it is therefore important to have regular access to the identity of the component, and in particular of the pneumatic envelope which is the element in direct contact with the road in the particular case of motor vehicles.

[0003] To date, in the case of mounted assemblies, the identification function can be provided electronically, for example, by means of an RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) label or tag that is incorporated into the mounted assembly. An example of an RFID tag applicable to the tire casing is illustrated in publication FR2901422A1. This RFID tag is a passive electronic component that receives a radiofrequency interrogation signal from a reader external to the mounted assembly. The energy of the interrogation signal is used to power the electronic component and to emit a radiofrequency signal in return containing information on the identity of the tire casing, for example. Thus, the information is given in response to an order received by the user who activates the radiofrequency reader.

[0004] Due to the characteristics of the elastomer mixtures of the pneumatic casing and in order to facilitate the integration of the RFID tag into the pneumatic casing, it is usual to use the frequency band around 900 MHz which corresponds to the best compromise between a small size of the radiofrequency antenna, which preserves the physical integrity of the RFID tag, and good quality of the return radiofrequency signal.

[0005] However, the RFID tag is generally read when the tire is static, i.e., at a standstill or pseudo-standstill, in order to optimize the energy transmission to the RFID tag. Moreover, the emission of radio waves is governed by precise emission standards that limit the emission power, which reduces the reading distances of the RFID tags. Therefore, if we want to identify the four mounted assemblies of the vehicle from the structure of the vehicle itself, it is necessary to multiply the readers, at best one reader per train of the vehicle, at worst one reader per mounted assembly. Thus, such a device does not meet the industrialization requirements on the vehicle due to the constraints of the implementation of the radiocommunication system and the desired automation of the information function on the mounted assembly.

[0006] Such electronic organs are described, for example, in applications WO2015 / 115581A2 or EP3741588A1.

[0007] The present invention aims to define an electronic component for transmitting identification information when an event occurs such as a change in state of the electronic component, in particular for the mounted assembly, at particular times such as that corresponding to the rotation of the mounted assembly of the vehicle in order to best control the electronic devices of the system such as a vehicle dependent on the characteristics of the mounted assembly. The system around this component must also be competitive from an economic and industrial point of view. The present invention therefore seeks to resolve all the drawbacks suffered by the usual RFID tag while remaining reliable during the lifetime of the component in the system. Description of the invention

[0008] The invention relates to a first object which is an electronic member, as defined in claim 1.

[0009] Here, the term "signal sensitive to the movement of the electronic component" means that either the amplitude of the signal is directly proportional to the movement or that the shape of the signal reflects indirect information on the movement of the electronic component. This movement is a translation in a given direction and / or a rotation of the electronic component around an axis of rotation. To explain the first case of the sensitivity to the movement of the sensor, this can be, for example, the temporal response of an accelerometer following the radial direction relative to an axis of rotation of the electronic component controlled by the square of the rotation speed or the direct evolution of the angular speed provided by a gyrometer. In the second case, this can be, for example, the temporal evolution of a rotary encoder.

[0010] Here, the term "signal sensitive to the distance of said sensor from an external object" means that either the amplitude of the signal is directly proportional to the distance or that the shape of the signal reflects indirect information on the proximity of the electronic device to this object. This distance is materialized by an optical and / or sound and / or electromagnetic and / or mechanical signal.

[0011] The term "microprocessor" here means an electronic device which consists of an electronic chip having elementary calculation capabilities, possibly an analog / digital converter depending on the nature of the values ​​provided by the sensor. The microprocessor is coupled to a memory space to perform, for example, manipulations on data. The microprocessor plays the role of conductor of the electronic organ by activating the various systems, such as the motion-sensitive sensor or the proximity sensor if these require, for example, energy to operate, and as, potentially, depending on the intermediate results it has obtained, transmitting the identification information contained in the memory space of the electronic organ at a given time. In particular, it launches and regulates the radiofrequency emission of the electronic organ by managing the radiofrequency transmitter.Finally, it is connected to a power source to perform its tasks or those of components linked to it. This power source, whether a battery or an energy accumulator, such as a capacitor, powered by an energy generation device, such as a piezoelectric component, can also directly supply power to the components linked to the microprocessor.

[0012] The term "predetermined state change" means one or more possible state changes of the electronic component that have been specifically entered to perform a task on the microprocessor related to this state change of the electronic component. Indeed, the electronic component being classified according to p different states, there are p*(p-1) possible state changes taking into account the direction of the state change transition. For example, if the electronic component is defined according to two states E0 and E1, there are two possible changes, the transition from E0 to E1 and the transition from E1 to E0. Among these p*(p-1) possible state changes, a portion is selected in order to constitute the list of predetermined state changes. It is only the state changes on this list that will cause an action by the microprocessor in terms of radiofrequency emission of the identification information.

[0013] The electronic component meets the required functional requirements. Indeed, it systematically emits a radiofrequency signal if it detects a predetermined change in state of the electronic component for which it has been programmed. This change in state is materialized through the sensor signal both by its shape and by its potential amplitude. Consequently, the processing of this data signal makes it possible to determine the state of the electronic component in real time even if the component is in motion. In addition, it meets the autonomy requirements and emits the radiofrequency signal only over a period of time ΔT after detection of the change in state of the electronic component. Consequently, for private vehicles for example, it remains mainly in a non-transmitting mode, therefore naturally energy-saving by not emitting a radiofrequency signal.In addition, it will not resume its transmission function until a new predetermined state change has been obtained. Finally, it is efficient in its transmission power since the energy source provides it with all the necessary and available transmission power according to the emission standards, unlike passive devices where only part of the energy emitted by the external reader and received by the passive device is used for radiofrequency transmission. Consequently, the transmission of the signal is optimized and consequently longer distance, which makes it possible to limit the number of receiving systems, for example in a vehicle. In addition, the system embedded in the vehicle is only used for reception and not for transmission; it is also energy efficient, unlike a solution with a passive electronic device. In this respect, it meets the competitive constraints concerning the ecosystem of the electronic device.

[0014] Of course, the time period ΔT for transmitting the radiofrequency signal can be defined according to the state of the electronic component in which it is at the time of transmission. Thus, this time period ΔT can be identical for several states of the electronic component or be different for each state of the electronic component. The programming of this time period can be carried out by wired or wireless means of communication between the electronic component and the programmer. However, by default, a fixed value for this time period ΔT is hard-coded in the electronic component.

[0015] Advantageously, the amplitude of the at least one part of the data signal constituting information used to determine the state of the electronic component, each state of the electronic component being limited, on the at least one part of the data signal, by at least one first limit value and the electronic component being in a given state, the crossing of the at least one first limit value by at least one value of the at least one part of the data signal characterizes the change of state of the electronic component.

[0016] Very advantageously, the at least one first limit value is a value defined from at least one critical distance or one critical speed or one critical acceleration.

[0017] The microprocessor having comparison means by nature, it can detect the crossing of a first limit value or even the direction of crossing of this first limit value. Depending on the nature of the sensor of the electronic component, two alternatives exist to characterize the transition from one state to another of the electronic component.

[0018] In the case where the amplitude of the signal is the vector carrying the information on the movement or proximity of the electronic component, it is the crossing of the first limit value by the values ​​of the data signal which characterizes the state in which the electronic component is found. This first threshold, the first limit value, determines the transition to the next state of the electronic component. If the amplitude of the data signal is proportional to the speed of the electronic component, the first limit value is the critical speed. If the amplitude of the signal is a function of the speed of the electronic component such as for example the square of the rotation speed in the case of acceleration in a direction radial to the axis of rotation, the first limit value is proportional to the square of the critical speed. However, in the case of proximity sensors, but not only, the first limit value may be a function of a critical distance.Finally, the first limit value can also be a function of a critical acceleration. However, it is also possible to enter a fixed value for this first limit value.

[0019] Advantageously, the repetition of a pattern on at least one part of the data signal constituting information used to determine the state of the electronic component and the electronic component being in a given state, the crossing of a number N of patterns observed for a duration ΔT' on at least one part of the data signal characterizes a change of state of the electronic component.

[0020] Very advantageously, the duration ΔT' is proportional to the inverse of a second critical speed of the electronic organ.

[0021] In the case of sensors whose signal shape and not amplitude indirectly reflects the movement of the mounted assembly or the proximity of the electronic component to another object, the transition to the next state corresponds to the achievement of a certain level of periodicity of the sensor signal. Thus, the duration ΔT' corresponds to this critical periodicity, for example in relation to a critical speed, reflecting the transition to the next state. The pseudo-periodicity of the data signal in this case requires, for example, taking into account the crossing of a threshold value. In particular, this threshold value must represent a certain bijectivity on the pattern in order to identify the pattern, such as the response of an accelerometer mounted on a weakly deformable object such as a wheel during rolling. If we also take into account the direction of crossing this threshold value, a double detection over the duration ΔT' illustrates the transition to the next state.If we do not take into account the direction of crossing, the triple detection during the duration ΔT' will be the trigger for the transition to the next state of the electronic organ.

[0022] Furthermore, the pattern does not necessarily need to be constant during the operation of the electronic organ; a certain transformation of this pattern, both in its temporal evolution and in its amplitude, can be tolerated as long as its general form can be identified.

[0023] Finally, the duration ΔT' may well be a multiple of the second critical speed depending on the periodicity of the pattern. However, it is preferable that this duration is also as short as possible to perform rapid detection of the change of state of the electronic component and not be distorted by too rapid an evolution of the movement of the electronic component or a rapid approach of the electronic component to an external object. For example, if the duration ΔT' is the critical periodicity, the detection of at most one pattern during the duration ΔT' on the data signal ensures being below the critical periodicity and consequently in a given first state. And conversely, the detection of at least two patterns during this same duration ΔT' ensures being above the critical periodicity. And consequently the electronic component is in a second state.

[0024] In order to evaluate the change of state of the electronic component, the data signal from the sensor is observed over a period ΔT'. This duration ΔT', in general, reflects, in certain applications, particularly for motion detection, a periodicity of the electronic component, whether this is a rotation period of a mounted assembly or a rotating machine or whether this is the period of a movement or action cycle. Therefore, if a critical speed is identified corresponding to the transition to a certain level of periodicity of the electronic component, the duration ΔT' would necessarily be determined, for example, by the ratio between the curvilinear distance generated by the electronic component during a rotation and the critical rotation speed. If over this period of time, the periodicity of the sensor signal is greater, then the electronic component has changed state, the change of state then reflecting a modification of the periodicity of the electronic component.

[0025] Preferably, the at least one motion sensor is included in the group comprising inertial sensors, such as the accelerometer, the gyrometer, the gyroscope, and angular sensors such as the rotary encoder and the magnetometer.

[0026] These sensors are all sensitive to the movement of the electronic component, whether this movement is translational or rotational, either by the shape of the signal, such as the rotary encoder or the gyroscope, or by the amplitude of the signal, such as the accelerometer or the gyrometer. The special case of the accelerometer is potentially sensitive to movement both through its amplitude and its shape, in the case where it is mounted on a deformable object that is rotating, such as a pneumatic envelope.

[0027] Preferably, the at least one proximity sensor is included in the group comprising optical sensors such as photoelectric sensors or photoconductive cells or photodiodes, electromagnetic sensors such as Hall effect sensors, inductive sensors such as variable reluctance or eddy current sensors, capacitive sensors, acoustic sensors such as ultrasonic sensors or microphones, microwave sensors and push buttons.

[0028] These sensors are all sensitive to the proximity of the electronic organ to another object, whether this proximity is assessed by light, electromagnetic or sound waves or even contact between solids.

[0029] The specific durations for determining the change of state of the electronic component are either entered as a fixed value within the electronic component, also specifying a limit value for each predetermined change of state, or evaluated by processing at least part of the data signal from the sensor. Of course, the two limit values ​​for the transition between two states and for the two directions of transition, from state "i" to state "j" and from state "j" to state "i", can be identical. However, it is also possible to define a specific limit value for each direction of transition.

[0030] According to the invention, the time period ΔT for transmitting the radiofrequency signal is between 10 seconds and 10 minutes, or even between 20 seconds and 10 minutes, preferably between 30 seconds and 7 minutes or 5 minutes, very preferably it is between 1 minute and 5 minutes.

[0031] One of the problems of the electronic organ is its energy autonomy. In addition, it is not necessary to transmit the identification information beyond what is necessary. Indeed, radiofrequency transmission is an energy-consuming item for the electronic organ. The electronic organ must fulfill its transmission function when the electronic organ changes state and this direction of change of state requires a radiofrequency emission. This justifies the presence of a transmission time period which must be short. However, the electronic organ is potentially in motion at the time of its radiofrequency emission. In addition, the emission can be disturbed by the external environment of the electronic organ. Finally, it is also possible to decide to spatially orient the radiofrequency emission via the antenna which then becomes directional.This directional antenna can be mobile or multiple to transmit in different geographical areas. The other advantage of directional antennas is the range of the radiofrequency emission which becomes longer. Therefore, for all its options, it is necessary to define a certain period of time to be sure that the transmission of the identification information to the outside of the electronic organ has taken place. It turns out that a period of time of 20 seconds is a low limit and that it is more effective that this period of time is at least 30 seconds or one minute to obtain a quality of radiofrequency communication especially when the electronic organ is in a dynamic state.Indeed, in a dynamic state, the electronic component needs a longer transmission time to overcome the white zones of radiofrequency communication due to the movement of the electronic component, for example. The best compromise identified, in the case of an application of the electronic component to the tire of a land vehicle, corresponds to a time period of between 1 minute and 5 minutes allowing redundancy of information transmitted by radio wave of sufficient quality to transmit the identification information with certainty.

[0032] According to a very preferred embodiment, the emission of the radiofrequency signal during the time period ΔT is carried out periodically over a period T, preferably between 0.5 seconds and 1 minute.

[0033] Preferably, the period T is defined according to the state of the electronic organ.

[0034] Thus, the radiofrequency emission is not continuous, which saves energy and improves the autonomy of the electronic component, but becomes periodic. The periodicity may depend on the rotation speed of the electronic component. In the case of the mounted assembly, a periodicity of between 0.5 and 5 seconds is preferred for assemblies mounted for land or air vehicles. However, certain states of the electronic component do not require such a periodicity, for example, if the electronic component is in normal operation or at rest, i.e., without movement, for example, a periodicity of one minute is then sufficient. Finally, the period T of emission of the radiofrequency signal may also vary depending on the state in which the electronic component is located. It will then be necessary to specify the periods associated with each state at the level of the memory space of the electronic component.In particular, each state of the electronic organ or predetermined change of state can generate a definition of the time period ΔT of radiofrequency emission and of the periodicity T of the radiofrequency signal.

[0035] Preferably, the radiofrequency signal has a transmission frequency between 2400 and 2482 MHz.

[0036] This frequency band corresponds to that used by BLE technology (acronym for Bluetooth Low Emission), which is a global communication standard enabling long-distance transmission while minimizing interference with the external environment, particularly conductive materials. In addition, the communication antenna, for example in the case of dipole antennas, generally has a characteristic dimension proportional to the inverse of the communication frequency, which results in small antenna dimensions, facilitating the integration of the electronic component within a multitude of objects, particularly pneumatic envelopes.

[0037] The invention also relates to a second object which is a pneumatic envelope comprising an electronic member, comprising at least the technical characteristics of the first object of the invention, mounted integrally on said pneumatic envelope, and in which the at least one item of identification information is included in the group comprising the serial number of the pneumatic envelope, the identity of the pneumatic envelope, the serial number of the electronic member and the identity of the electronic member.

[0038] The invention also relates to a third object which is a conveyor belt comprising an electronic component comprising at least the technical characteristics of the first object of the invention, mounted securely on said conveyor belt and in which the at least one item of identification information is included in the group comprising the serial number of the conveyor belt, the identity of the conveyor belt, the serial number of the electronic component and the identity of the electronic component.

[0039] The invention also relates to a fourth object which is a track, that is to say a flexible endless band interposed between the ground and the wheels of a vehicle to ensure traction in terrain with a low coefficient of adhesion, comprising an electronic member comprising at least the technical characteristics of the first object of the invention, mounted integrally on said track and in which the at least one item of identification information is included in the group comprising the serial number of the track, the identity of the track, the serial number of the electronic member and the identity of the electronic member.

[0040] The invention also relates to a fifth object which is a wheel comprising an electronic component comprising at least the technical characteristics of the first object of the invention, mounted securely on said wheel and in which the at least one item of identification information is included in the group comprising the serial number of the wheel, the identity of the wheel, the serial number of the electronic component and the identity of the electronic component.

[0041] The invention finally relates to a sixth object which is a mounted assembly comprising an electronic component, comprising at least the technical characteristics of the first object of the invention, mounted integrally on said mounted assembly and in which the at least one item of identification information is included in the group comprising the serial number of the tire, the identity of the tire, the serial number of the wheel, the identity of the wheel, the serial number of the electronic component and the identity of the electronic component. Brief description of the drawings

[0042] The invention will be better understood upon reading the description which follows, mainly in the case of an application of the assembled assembly type. These applications are given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended figures in which: There Fig 1is a simplified diagram of an electronic component according to an embodiment of the first subject of the invention. The Fig. 2 is a mounted assembly comprising a pneumatic envelope equipped with an electronic component according to the second subject of the invention and a wheel. The Fig. 3a is a time signal at the output of a rotary encoder of an electronic component mounted on a pneumatic casing of an assembly mounted in rolling condition according to the second object of the invention. The Fig. 3b . is a time signal at the output of an accelerometer of an electronic component mounted on a wheel of an assembly mounted in rolling condition according to the fifth object of the invention. The Fig. 3c is a time signal, representative of a proximity sensor, at the output of an electronic component mounted on an assembly mounted near an object according to the fifth object of the invention. Fig. 3dis a time signal at the output of an accelerometer of an electronic component mounted on a pneumatic casing of an assembly mounted in rolling condition according to the second object of the invention. Detailed description of embodiments

[0043] There figure 1shows a simplified diagram of an electronic component 1 according to the invention. This system comprises a microprocessor 2 coupled to an energy source 3 which may be a battery or an energy accumulator powered for example by a piezoelectric element. The microprocessor 2 is in communication with a motion sensor 4 sensitive to the movement of the electronic component, here to the speed of rotation around a predefined axis of rotation, which justifies the positioning and orientation of the motion sensor 4 relative to the fixing support of the electronic component 1, not shown in this diagram. Here in this example, the microprocessor 2 controls the acquisition of the motion sensor 4 by transmitting the acquisition order to it and recovers the data from the sensor 4. Similarly, the microprocessor 2 is linked to the mobility sensor 4' which is here an ultrasonic sensor sensitive to an ultrasonic source emitting a calibrated noise.The emission of the source is represented here by the dotted curve. The connection with this second sensor 4' is here unidirectional since the sensor is passive. In addition, the closer the sensor 4', and therefore the electronic component 1, is to the ultrasonic source, the stronger the signal recorded by the sensor 4'. The analysis of this signal makes it possible to deduce the distance separating the electronic component 1 from the ultrasonic source.

[0044] The microprocessor 2 is connected to a first memory space 5a allowing the storage of part of the data from the sensor in order to perform operations thereon to define the rotation state of the electronic member 1. Preferably, this memory space 5a is of the flash memory or RAM memory type. The microprocessor 2 can also be linked to a second memory space 5b containing the identification information carried by the electronic member 1 as well as the predetermined state changes. Preferably, this memory space 5b is of the read-only memory type, that is to say, write-blocked and possibly rewritable, of the EPROM or EEPRO type. The two memory spaces 5a and 5b correspond to the memory space 5 of the electronic member 1. However, if the microprocessor 2 has sufficient cache memory, the entire memory space 5 of the electronic member can then be located at the level of the microprocessor 2 in order to optimize the response times.

[0045] Finally, the microprocessor 2 is in communication with a radiocommunication transmitter 6 receiving the energy necessary for the transmission, the identification information to be transmitted and possibly the transmission periodicity to be carried out from the microprocessor 2. The radiocommunication transmitter 6 codes the information into a radiofrequency signal and transmits it via one or more transmitting antennas. Preferably, the radiocommunication transmitter 6 operates in the UHF band (acronym for Ultra High Frequency), and particularly in the 2.4 GHz band corresponding to the useful band of the BLE technology. Of course, the radiocommunication transmitter 6 can have a bidirectional link with the microprocessor in order to modify the parameters of the electronic component such as the identification information and the predetermined state changes depending on the physical support on which the electronic component will be mounted securely.Thus, remote programming can be undertaken during installation or after installation of the electronic device on the physical medium, which facilitates the industrialization of physical devices equipped with such electronic devices.

[0046] There figure 2 shows a section of a pneumatic casing 100 according to the second subject of the invention. The pneumatic casing 100 comprises a crown S extended by two sidewalls F and ending in two beads B. In this case, the tire 100 is intended to be mounted on a vehicle wheel of the private vehicle or heavy goods vehicle type, which is not shown in this figure, at the level of the two beads B. A closed cavity C is thus delimited, containing at least one fluid under pressure, delimited both by the inner surface 13 of the pneumatic casing 100 and by the outer surface of the vehicle wheel. The outer surface of the pneumatic casing 100 is noted 14.

[0047] The reference axis 201 will be noted corresponding to the natural axis of rotation of the pneumatic casing 100 or of the mounted assembly and the median plane 211, perpendicular to the reference axis 201 and equidistant from the two beads B. The intersection of the reference axis 201 by the median plane 211 determines the center of the pneumatic casing 200. A Cartesian reference will be defined at the center of the pneumatic casing 200 consisting of the reference axis 201, a vertical axis 203 perpendicular to the ground and a longitudinal axis 202 perpendicular to the other two axes. And, we will define the axial plane 212 passing through the reference axis 201 and the longitudinal axis 202, parallel to the ground plane and perpendicular to the median plane 211. Finally, we will call vertical plane 213, the plane perpendicular to both the median plane 211 and the axial plane 212 passing through the vertical axis 203.

[0048] Any material point of the tire casing 100 is uniquely defined by its cylindrical coordinates (Y, R, θ). The scalar Y represents the axial distance to the center of the tire casing 200 in the direction of the reference axis 201 defined by the orthogonal projection of the material point of the tire casing 100 onto the reference axis 201. A radial plane 214 will be defined making an angle θ relative to the vertical plane 213 around the reference axis 201. The material point of the tire casing 100 is identified in this radial plane 214 by the distance R to the center of the tire in the direction perpendicular to the reference axis 201 identified by the orthogonal projection of this material point onto the radial axis 204.

[0049] The pneumatic casing 100 comprises, at its apex S on the inner surface 13 of the pneumatic casing, an electronic member corresponding to the first subject of the invention. The electronic member is fixed to the inner surface 13 of the pneumatic casing 100 by means of a patch made of an elastomer mixture well known to those skilled in the art. The electronic member here comprises, as a sensor sensitive to movement, a single-axis accelerometer whose main axis is positioned perpendicular to the inner surface 13 of the pneumatic casing 100. Thus, the sensor delivers as a signal the acceleration in the radial direction relative to the natural axis of rotation 201 of the mounted assembly.

[0050] Of course, the electronic component can also be equipped with a triaxial accelerometer whose axes are not collinear with each other. At this point, it is entirely possible, knowing the geometric position of these three axes relative to the inner surface 13 of the pneumatic casing, to define the radial acceleration undergone by the electronic component. Therefore, it is useful to know the positioning of the electronic component relative to the physical support, here the pneumatic casing 100, to deliver a useful signal. However, in the context of determining the movement of the electronic component, it is preferable but not essential to determine the radial acceleration; an inclination error does not in any way modify the capacity of the electronic component to determine its state of rotation; it is then necessary to adapt the detection parameters such as the first or second limit value.Likewise, it is preferable to position the electronic component at the top block S of the pneumatic casing 100. However, nothing prevents it from being positioned on the sidewall F or the bead B of the pneumatic casing 100.

[0051] THE figures 3 are temporal representations of various sensors sensitive to the movement of the electronic component or its proximity to objects when it is attached to physical supports which are components of the assembled assembly, such as for example at the level of the wheel or the tire casing.

[0052] There Fig. 3ais the time response of a rotary encoder of the electronic component mounted on a pneumatic casing during rotation of the assembly mounted at constant speed. The signal is in the form of a Dirac comb. Each Dirac represents a complete revolution of the electronic component around the axis of rotation of the pneumatic casing. This data signal is bounded by the unit value. The critical periodicity to identify a predetermined change of state of the pneumatic casing is here represented by the time interval ΔT' which begins temporally at the level of the Dirac. For the analysis of the signal, a threshold value of 0.8 was defined and taking only the crossing of this threshold value as the starting point of the time base of the time interval ΔT'.

[0053] To constitute a change of state of the electronic component and therefore of the pneumatic casing, that is to say a change of rotation speed, the pattern of the wheel revolution signal must be repeated at least once during the period ΔT'. Here, the identification of the pattern involves the detection of the threshold value which is a bijective value represented by the horizontal curve 1000 in dotted line. In addition, taking the direction of crossing of the threshold value of 0.8, two crossings are required during the period ΔT' to determine the change of state of the electronic component mounted integrally on the pneumatic casing, without the direction of crossing, three crossings of the threshold value would be required. Here, this is not the case since only one crossing from above is observed. The electronic component and therefore the pneumatic casing does not change state and therefore, the electronic component does not trigger the radiofrequency emission

[0054] There Figure 3b corresponds to the time data signal of an electronic component mounted on a wheel of a mounted assembly. The said mounted assembly is in a constant speed rolling condition. Here, the data signal is representative of the signal of an accelerometer in the radial direction of the mounted assembly relative to the natural axis of rotation of the mounted assembly.

[0055] The determination of the change of state of the electronic component is therefore the change of state of the object, here the mounted assembly, on which the electronic component is mounted integrally can be carried out through the amplitude of the values ​​of the data signal but also the very shape of the data signal due to the influence of the Earth's gravity on the amplitude of the signal. Indeed, during a rotation of the mounted assembly, the extreme vertical positions represent the minima and maxima of the amplitude of the radial acceleration which makes it possible to detect wheel revolutions. Conversely, the vertically median positions of the accelerometer during the wheel revolution represent the central values ​​of the signal between the minima and the maxima. Of course, if the radial acceleration of the mounted assembly is not constant, the signal is disturbed by a carrier linked to the instantaneous radial acceleration of the electronic component.

[0056] Taking into account the fact that we are here at constant rotation speed, we determine a duration ΔT' corresponding to the transition to a particular rotation state of the electronic component. This duration ΔT' starts from a reference, here, the reference is the threshold value 0.2 of the sinusoidal signal of the radial acceleration subtracted from the carrier linked to the rotation speed of the mounted assembly. The threshold value is represented by the horizontal curve in dotted line 1001. Crossing the value 0.2 from above increments an encoder. If the encoder exceeds the number 2 during the duration ΔT', this means a change of state of the electronic component. Here, we clearly observe this event during the period ΔT'. At the end of the duration ΔT', the electronic component starts to emit a radiofrequency signal over a period of time ΔT.This radiofrequency signal includes identification information which is here the serial number of the tire casing and the serial number of the wheel which were previously placed in the memory space of the electronic component during the constitution of the assembled assembly.

[0057] There Figure 3cis the time response of the data signal of the electronic component representative of a microphone. The electronic component is initially positioned relative to an object which is a source of white noise. The electronic component is mounted on a mounted assembly. The white noise source is moved transversely relative to the mounted assembly transversely to it and marking a stop in this transverse movement. We start from a stop position, we move the noise source closer to the mounted assembly. We mark the stop time then we move the noise source away from the electronic component by the same path by moving it away from the mounted assembly. The distance here is greater than the initial distance between the noise source and the mounted assembly.

[0058] Here, we wish to determine changes between two states of the electronic organ corresponding to the distance of this electronic organ from the noise source.

[0059] The first state corresponds to a distance greater than a critical length LO and the second state corresponds to a distance less than this same critical length. A calibration of the proximity sensor that represents the microphone determines that the critical distance LO corresponds to a certain amplitude of the data signal representative of the microphone. This amplitude is represented by the horizontal dotted curve 1002 which constitutes a first limit value. Moreover, in this case, the simple detection of the first limit value is not sufficient to launch the radiofrequency transmission. This is conditioned by a delay effect. Indeed, the signal must exceed the first limit value for a duration ΔT". This makes it possible to reinforce the certainty of exceeding the critical length by a redundancy of information.The electronic organ, knowing that the change of state of the organ between state 1 and state 2 is reached and that this change is a predetermined change of state, launches the radiofrequency emission for a period of time ΔT.

[0060] Then, the electronic component detects the downward crossing of the first limited value which, here, potentially corresponds to the transition from state 2 to state 1 of the electronic component. Indeed, this change of state must persist for a duration ΔT‴ to validate this change of state of the electronic component. However, this change of state, from state 2 to state 1 is not a predetermined change of state. Although the change of state persists, the electronic component therefore does not emit a radiofrequency signal. However, it is now in state 1. It will wait to return to state 2 and the conditions necessary to emit a radiofrequency signal carrying identification information on the assembled assembly for the same period of time ΔT.

[0061] There Fig. 3dis a time signal at the output of an accelerometer of an electronic component mounted on a pneumatic casing of an assembly mounted in rolling condition. Here, the idea is to identify the state of the electronic component between a first state 1 and a second state 2 corresponding to a speed of movement of the electronic component greater than a critical speed. This critical speed is translated in terms of acceleration in the radial direction by a first limit value which is proportional to the square of the critical speed. This first limit value is represented by the horizontal curve 1003 in dotted line.

[0062] At the beginning of the time evolution, the electronic component is in its state 1, the amplitude of the accelerometric signal being below the curve 1003. Then, the acceleration crosses the value defined by the curve 1003. This is confirmed after a time delay ΔTj, that is to say that beyond this duration, the amplitude of the signal is always above the curve 1003, which means that the electronic component has changed state and has passed into state 2. The electronic component having this change of state as a predetermined change of state, it starts to emit a radiofrequency signal comprising the identification information of the pneumatic envelope after the time delay ΔTj. This emission is carried out during the time period ΔT through a signal emitted periodically during this time period ΔT. Then, the electronic component stops its radiofrequency emission.However, during this time, the amplitude of the data signal crosses curve 1003 downwards before crossing it again upwards. This drop in the data signal is specific to the tire casing in rolling conditions. Indeed, when the accelerometer of the electronic component is in the contact area, corresponding to the material point of the tire casing in contact with the ground, the accelerometer observes a quasi-zero acceleration due to this contact. This ephemeral passage lasts only a part of the wheel revolution of the tire casing, at most 10% of this wheel revolution. Temporally, this passage to the quasi-zero value of the accelerometer remains a short duration which is a function of the speed of the tire casing.In order not to mislead the electronic component about its state, it is appropriate, for example, to define a second time delay ΔTi which is a function of the critical speed and the characteristics of the pneumatic envelope so that the electronic component does not make an untimely and erroneous decision by considering that the electronic component has returned to state 1. The electronic component analyzes the amplitude of the data signal again after this time delay ΔTi. If it is again above curve 1003, this means that the electronic component is still in its initial state, therefore its state 2. If it detects that the amplitude of the signal is still below curve 1003, it interprets that the electronic component has moved to its state 1. Here, the transition from state 2 to state 1 is not a predetermined change of state of the electronic component, it does not start to emit a radiofrequency signal. However, it is now in state 1.The duration of state 1 of the electronic device attached to the pneumatic envelope is represented by the white rectangle and the duration of state 2 by the black rectangle.

Claims

1. Electronic member (1) comprising: - At least one movement sensor (4) whose signal is sensitive to the movement of the electronic member (1) and / or at least one proximity sensor (4') whose signal is sensitive to the distance of said sensor from an object outside the electronic member (1); - A microprocessor (2) coupled to the at least one movement sensor (4) and / or to the at least one proximity sensor (4') to create a data signal; - A storage area (5, 5a, 5b) connected to the microprocessor (2) for storing, on the one hand, at least a part of the data signal representative of the at least one sensor (4, 4'), and, on the other hand, at least one identification information element; - An energy source (3); and - A radio transmitter (6) connected to the microprocessor (2); in which the microprocessor (2) is capable of defining at least two states of the electronic member on the basis of the at least one part of the data signal, the storage area contains at least one predetermined change of state which is defined on the basis of the at least two states of the electronic member, the microprocessor (2) is capable, when the microprocessor (2) has detected the at least one predetermined change of state of the electronic member, of transmitting the at least one identification information element via a radiofrequency signal transmitted during a time interval ΔT and then stopping the transmission of the radiofrequency signal at the end of said time interval ΔT, characterized in that the time interval ΔT of the transmission of the radiofrequency signal is between 20 seconds and 10 minutes, preferably between 30 seconds and 7 minutes, or very preferably between 1 minute and 5 minutes.

2. Electronic member according to Claim 1, wherein, the amplitude of the at least one part of the data signal constituting an information element for determining the state of the electronic member, each state of the electronic member being limited, in the at least one part of the data signal, by at least a first limit value, and the electronic member being in a given state, the crossing of the at least a first limit value by at least one value of the at least one part of the data signal characterizes the change of state of the electronic member.

3. Electronic member according to Claim 2, wherein the at least a first limit value is a value defined on the basis of at least a critical distance or a critical velocity or a critical acceleration.

4. Electronic member according to Claim 1, wherein, the repetition of a pattern in the at least one part of the data signal constituting an information element for determining the state of the electronic member, and the electronic member being in a given state, the exceeding of a number N of patterns observed during a period ΔT' in the at least one part of the data signal characterizes a change of state of the electronic member.

5. Electronic member according to Claim 4, wherein the period ΔT' is proportional to the inverse of a second critical velocity of the electronic member.

6. Electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one movement sensor (4) is included in the group comprising inertial sensors, such as the accelerometer, the gyroscope sensor, the gyroscope, and angular sensors such as the rotary encoder and the magnetometer.

7. Electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one proximity sensor (4') is included in the group comprising optical sensors such as photoelectric sensors or photoconductive cells or photodiodes, electromagnetic sensors such as Hall effect sensors, inductive sensors such as variable reluctance or Foucault current sensors, capacitive sensors, acoustic sensors such as ultrasonic sensors or microphones, microwave sensors and push buttons.

8. Electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the transmission of the radiofrequency signal during the time interval ΔT takes place periodically over a period T which is preferably between 0.5 second and 1 minute.

9. Electronic member according to Claim 8, wherein the period T is defined according to the state of the electronic member.

10. Electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 9, wherein the radiofrequency signal has a transmission frequency of between 2400 and 2482 MHz.

11. Tyre casing (100) comprising an electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 10, mounted integrally on said tyre casing, in which the at least one identification information element is included in the group comprising the serial number of the tyre casing, the identity of the tyre casing, the serial number of the electronic member and the identity of the electronic member.

12. Conveyor belt comprising an electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 10, mounted integrally on said conveyor belt, in which the at least one identification information element is included in the group comprising the serial number of the conveyor belt, the identity of the conveyor belt, the serial number of the electronic member and the identity of the electronic member.

13. Track comprising an electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 10, mounted integrally on said track, in which the at least one identification information element is included in the group comprising the serial number of the track, the identity of the track, the serial number of the electronic member and the identity of the electronic member.

14. Mounted assembly comprising an electronic member according to any of Claims 1 to 10, mounted integrally, in which the at least one identification information element is included in the group comprising the serial number of the tyre casing, the identity of the tyre casing, the serial number of the wheel, the identity of the wheel, the serial number of the electronic member and the identity of the electronic member.