METHOD FOR CONTACTLESS COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A COMMUNICATING OBJECT AND A COMMUNICATION DEVICE

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The invention relates to contactless communications, i.e. wireless, for the transmission of data between a communicating object and a communication device located in radio proximity to this object. More specifically, the invention relates to a system for carrying out banking-type transactions, access control, ordering of goods or services, etc. between this communicating object such as, for example, a connected vehicle, a smartphone ("smart phone"), a connected watch, and a communication device such as, for example, a reader, a payment point, a gate. Prior art

[0002] Near field communications, commonly known as "NFC" (for "Near Field Communication"), based primarily on the ISO (International Standard Organization) 14443 standard, use wireless technologies to enable the exchange of information between two devices located a short distance apart, typically less than ten centimeters. Communications of this type offer numerous applications, for example in the fields of payment or transportation. The near field receiver receives a message from the near field transmitter. Such a message may correspond, in the aforementioned context, to the validation of a transaction such as, for example, the exchange of a ticket (for an event, transportation, etc.), a payment, the launch of a personalized service on a computer, a television, access to a room, etc.

[0003] Currently, a user has the possibility of using a connected object to implement the type of transactions mentioned above instead of conventionally using a bank card, a transport badge, a room access card, etc. To this end, the user brings the connected object, for example his connected watch, a few centimeters from the antenna of the NFC communication device. Following this proximity, the NFC communication device receives the signal from the connected object. The received signal is demodulated and transmitted to suitable equipment to carry out processing, in this case to implement the transaction (payment, door opening, etc.).

[0004] Given that such a transaction is initiated by the user, and that it is the user himself who decides to bring the connected object closer to the communication device that he has selected to establish communication, there is little chance that the pairing between the connected object and the communication device will encounter a problem, in the sense that the connected object will be able to recognize this communication device among others to initiate pairing appropriately.

[0005] However, the user is still required to present the connected object near the communication device to initiate pairing prior to communication between the connected object and the communication device. Such manipulation is not always convenient, particularly for people with reduced mobility, the elderly, children, etc.

[0006] Regarding another connected object, typically a connected vehicle, some contactless communications between the connected vehicle and a communication device are already implemented currently. In the case of access to a parking lot for example, the simple reading by the communication device of the license plate or a specific badge affixed to the windshield is enough to grant the vehicle access to the parking lot. The same is true for the automatic access of the vehicle to a toll using a specific badge. Although this type of contactless communications brings convenience to the user who no longer needs to stop at the entrance to the parking lot to take a parking ticket or to stop at the toll booth to pay, this context of contactless communication has a certain number of drawbacks.The user is in fact systematically obliged to take steps with a service provider (parking manager, motorway company), by creating an account, possibly by paying a subscription for a given period to benefit from the service. This process requires the provision of personal data specific to the user, the latter of which does not really know how it will be used by the service provider. Furthermore, in the example of access to a toll, the user is forced on his own initiative to select the appropriate toll barrier, i.e. the one reserved for subscribers, to approach his vehicle there, to pair it with a communication device located near the barrier, in order to be able to pass through this toll automatically.

[0007] Documents JP 2007004334 A and US 2019 / 124468 A1 describe methods for establishing communication between a vehicle and a toll barrier based on location information. Subject matter and summary of the invention

[0008] One of the aims of the invention is to remedy drawbacks of the aforementioned state of the art.

[0009] To this end, an object of the present invention relates to a method of contactless communication between a communicating object and a communication device for implementing a transaction relating to the provision of a good or a service. Such a method is remarkable in that it comprises, at the level of the communicating object located in an area where the transaction is implemented, an autonomous execution of the following: activate the reception of at least one pairing request from one or more pairing devices associated with the zone, when the communicating object has determined at least one information on the context of use of the communicating object as well as a location associated with at least one pairing device which is associated with the zone, when a pairing device identified in said at least one pairing request received corresponds to said at least one pairing device associated with the zone and the location associated with said at least one pairing device corresponds to the location of the communicating object in the zone, pair with the communication device, said communication device being associated with the identified pairing device.

[0010] The invention advantageously allows an object capable of communicating without contact with a communication device, in other words a connected object, such as for example a connected vehicle, a connected watch, a badge or a connected transport card, etc., to pair with a communication device, in an autonomous, adequate and secure manner, in order to communicate with this device to for example validate a transaction with this device or execute the order of a good or a service from this device. The communicating object according to the invention executes the pairing autonomously, in the sense that no intervention or manipulation of the object by a user is necessary, which combines flexibility and comfort of use for this user. The pairing, and therefore the communication following this pairing, are made secure because the communicating object which arrives in the area where the transaction with the communication device is implemented: listens for pairing requests from one or more pairing devices that have been previously associated with this zone, once the communicating object has determined at least one piece of information about its context of use and has correctly determined a location associated with at least one pairing device; only executes the pairing action if the pairing device identified in the received pairing request corresponds to the pairing device associated with the determined location and this location corresponds to that of the object. Thus, any risk for the communicating object to incorrectly pair with the pairing device, or even another unwanted pairing device from which the communicating object has received a pairing request, is completely eliminated.

[0011] The invention advantageously allows the communicating object to carry out, on its own initiative, a filtering of the different pairing requests received so as to select the pairing device which is suitable for authorizing the pairing and the triggering of the communication between the communicating object and the communication device associated with this pairing device.

[0012] Thus, thanks to this double level of security applied by the communicating object, the communication method according to the invention is made particularly reliable and efficient.

[0013] According to a particular embodiment, the activation of the reception of at least one pairing request is implemented as follows: comparing a first set of information including said at least one piece of information on the context of use of the communicating object and data relating to the location which has been associated with said at least one pairing device to at least one second set of reference information which characterizes a pairing situation of a communicating object as being valid, if a match exists between the first set of information and the second set of information, activating the reception of said at least one pairing request, otherwise preventing the activation of said reception.

[0014] This embodiment thus allows the communicating object, thanks to a particularly simple decision-making mechanism, to activate its pairing means on its own initiative, solely from information determined by the communicating object and when its pairing situation is considered suitable given the information contained in the reference set(s) available. Thus, outside of such a valid pairing situation, the communicating object remains by default in a non-pairing situation, which makes it possible to save the battery of this object.

[0015] According to another particular embodiment, the activation of the reception of at least one pairing request is implemented as follows: combine said at least one piece of information on the context of use of the communicating object and data relating to the location associated with said at least one pairing device, obtain a score representative of the result of the combination, compare the score obtained with a threshold, depending on the result of the comparison, activate or not the reception of at least one pairing request.

[0016] This embodiment constitutes a decision-making variant compared to the previous embodiment, with similar advantages. In this variant, a score, for example between 0 and 1, is assigned to the combination of said at least one item of information on the context of use of the object and the location data which have been previously associated with at least one pairing device. This score is then compared to a reference threshold, for example 0.6, which characterizes a pairing situation for example valid above this threshold and an invalid pairing situation below this threshold (the reverse is also possible according to the established comparison convention). If the assigned score is higher (or higher or equal) than this reference threshold, the communicating object listens for pairing requests likely to reach it from one or more pairing devices.If the assigned score is lower (or lower or equal) to this reference threshold, the communicating object remains in a non-pairing situation by default.

[0017] According to another particular embodiment, the at least one piece of information on the context of use of the communicating object is representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located or contains at least one piece of operating data of the communicating object.

[0018] The at least one piece of usage context information determined completely autonomously by the communicating object is particularly precise and reliable given that it is linked to the very environment in which the communicating object is located and / or that it is based on operating data of this object.

[0019] According to another particular embodiment, the at least one piece of usage context information representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located is contained in a message received by the communicating object from a pairing device associated with said zone or from a message transmission device located in said environment, said at least one piece of information indicating a location near the communicating object.

[0020] According to another particular embodiment, the at least one piece of usage context information representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located comprises geolocation data of the communicating object relative to the pairing device associated with said zone.

[0021] According to another particular embodiment, the at least one piece of usage context information representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located contains data from at least one sensor belonging to the communicating object.

[0022] According to another particular embodiment, the at least one piece of operating data of the communicating object contained in the at least one piece of usage context information is a current operating parameter recorded by the communicating object or an element of a history of communications or transactions carried out by the communicating object.

[0023] According to another particular embodiment, the location of the identified pairing device is determined from a memory of the communicating object.

[0024] Such an embodiment advantageously allows the communicating object to have direct access to the location data associated with a pairing device without having to request the communication network to obtain this data at the time of pairing, via this pairing device, with the desired communication device or just before this pairing. The pairing device is thus known and referenced in the communicating object before any pairing action between this object and the communication device associated with this pairing device.

[0025] The advantage of storing in advance in the communicating object location data associated with the pairing device, and if applicable location data associated with other pairing devices, is to reinforce the security of the pairing, and therefore of the communication which follows, by avoiding any fraudulent addition of an unsolicited communication device because it is not associated with a pairing device known to the communicating object.

[0026] According to another particular embodiment, the location associated with said at least one pairing device is determined from the content of a message received from said at least one pairing device or from a message sending device located in the environment of the communicating object.

[0027] Such an embodiment advantageously allows the communicating object to have dynamic access to: to the location associated with the pairing device, itself associated with the communication device with which the communicating object wishes to communicate, and to the location data associated with other potential pairing devices, which makes it possible to save the memory resources of the communicating object while benefiting from location data updated on a continuous basis.

[0028] The various embodiments or features mentioned above may be added independently or in combination with each other to the contactless communication method defined above.

[0029] The invention also relates to a communicating object having contactless communication capabilities with a communication device, for implementing a transaction relating to the provision of a good or a service.

[0030] Such a communicating object is remarkable in that it comprises a processor which is configured to implement, at the communicating object located in an area where the transaction is implemented, an autonomous execution of the following: activate the reception of at least one pairing request from one or more pairing devices associated with the zone, when the communicating object has determined at least one information on the context of use of the communicating object as well as a location associated with at least one pairing device which is associated with the zone, when a pairing device identified in said at least one pairing request received corresponds to said at least one pairing device associated with the zone and the location associated with said at least one pairing device corresponds to the location of the communicating object in the zone, pair with the communication device, said communication device being associated with the identified pairing device.

[0031] Such a communicating object is in particular capable of implementing the aforementioned contactless communication method.

[0032] The invention also relates to a contactless communication system.

[0033] Such a contactless communication system is remarkable in that it includes: a communicating object implementing the aforementioned contactless communication method, a communication device associated with a pairing device which is itself associated with the area where the transaction is implemented.

[0034] The invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions for implementing the contactless communication method according to the invention, according to any one of the particular embodiments described previously, when said program is executed by a processor.

[0035] Such instructions can be stored permanently in a non-transitory memory medium of the communicating object implementing the contactless communication method according to the invention.

[0036] This program may use any programming language, and may be in the form of source code, object code, or code intermediate between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.

[0037] The invention also relates to a recording medium or information medium readable by a computer, and comprising instructions of a computer program as mentioned above.

[0038] The recording medium may be any entity or device capable of storing the program. For example, the medium may include a storage medium, such as a USB key, such as a ROM, such as a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording medium, such as a mobile medium (memory card), a hard disk or an SSD.

[0039] Furthermore, the recording medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means. The program according to the invention may in particular be downloaded from a network such as the Internet.

[0040] Alternatively, the recording medium may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to perform or to be used in performing the aforementioned contactless communication method.

[0041] According to an exemplary embodiment, the present technique is implemented by means of software and / or hardware components. In this regard, the term "module" may correspond in this document to a software component, a hardware component or a set of hardware and software components. Brief description of the drawings

[0042] Other characteristics and advantages will appear on reading particular embodiments of the invention, given as illustrative and non-limiting examples, and the appended drawings, among which: There Figure 1A represents a contactless communication system according to a first embodiment of the invention, The Figure 1B represents a contactless communication system according to a second embodiment of the invention, The Figure 1C represents a contactless communication system according to a third embodiment of the invention, The figure 2 represents a communicating object in one embodiment of the invention, The figure 3 represents examples of possible configuration of areas in which contactless communication is implemented, The figure 4represents the main actions implemented in the contactless communication method, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, The Figure 5A represents a first embodiment of a decision phase implemented in the contactless communication method according to the invention, The Figure 5B represents a second embodiment of a decision phase implemented in the contactless communication method according to the invention. Detailed description of an embodiment of the invention

[0043] There Figure 1A represents a contactless communication system according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0044] Such a system includes: a connected or communicating object OC 1 associated with a user UT, the object OC 1 being equipped with a radio communication module MCO which is configured to communicate according to, for example, short-range radio technology, such as for example NFC, Bluetooth, WiFi, but also long-range, such as for example 3G, 4G, 5G, etc. or other, a device DF i (1≤i≤P) for providing a good or a service to the user UT, a communication device DC j (1≤j≤Q) configured to communicate with the object OC 1 for the implementation of a transaction relating to the provision of a good or a service by the device DF i, a pairing device DA k (1≤k≤R) configured to pair the communicating object OC 1 with one of the Q aforementioned communication devices, and also equipped with a radio communication module MCA corresponding to the radio communication module MCO.

[0045] A communicating or connected object is any object configured to capture data and to communicate with other objects or with dedicated infrastructures using IoT technology (Internet of Things).

[0046] According to the invention: the contactless communication method is implemented at the communicating object OC 1 which is located in a zone Z where the transaction is implemented, the pairing device DA k is associated with the zone Z in a manner which will be described later in the description.

[0047] In the example of the Figure 1A, the communicating object OC 1 is for example a vehicle, here a car. As such, the car OC 1 is natively equipped with a plurality of sensors / detectors such as for example a camera, a sensor which detects the level of the car's tank, a speed sensor, a GPS type geolocation device ("Global Positioning System" in English), etc.

[0048] In the example of the Figure 1A , depending on the context of use of the OC 1 car, the DF i device for supplying goods or services varies. In a non-exhaustive manner, the Figure 1A represents four different DF i devices: a petrol pump DF 10, a takeaway food counter DF 11, a parking meter DF 12, a toll barrier DF 13.

[0049] Each of the devices DF 10 to DF 13 is associated with a respective pairing device DA 10 to DA 13 making it possible to pair, via their respective MCA radio communication module, with the car OC 1, via its corresponding MCO communication module. Such pairing devices DA 10 to DA 13 are advantageously associated with the zone Z. In other words, the pairing devices DA 10 to DA 13 are not necessarily physically present in the zone Z. They can also be located remotely or outside this zone.

[0050] In the example of the Figure 1A , depending on the context of use of the car OC 1 , the communication device DC j also varies. In a non-exhaustive manner, the Figure 1A represents three examples of DC communication devices j: the communication device DC 100 which is a payment server, the communication device DC 110 which is a payment terminal, for example an EPT for “electronic payment terminal”, the communication device DC 120 which is an access control server or a payment server.

[0051] In a context of using a service station, for which the user UT is able to obtain fuel from the device DF 10 but also to purchase takeaway food from the device DF 11, the payment server DC 100 can for example be shared between the devices DF 10 and DF 11. In the example shown, the payment server DC 100 is remote from the devices DF 10 and DF 11. According to different possible implementations, the pairing devices DA 10 and DA 11 associated with the zone Z may or may not be included in the payment server DC 100, may or may not be included respectively in the gas pump DF 10 and the takeaway food vending machine DF 11, or may be located outside the zone Z.

[0052] Thus, when the car OC 1 is parked at the gas pump DF 10 so that the user UT can fill up, once the pairing has been carried out between the car OC 1 and the pairing device DA 10 , the car OC 1 is then able to be put into contact with the payment server DC 100 associated with the pairing device DA 10 , as shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1A, to implement a transaction, here a payment, in connection with the filling of the tank of the car OC 1 and not a payment in connection with the purchase of takeaway food from the counter DF 11 which is not associated with the pairing device DA 10 but with the pairing device DA 11 . Similarly, when the car OC 1 parks at the counter DF 11 so that the user UT can collect takeaway food, once the pairing has been carried out between the car OC 1 and the pairing device DA 11 , the car OC 1 is then able to be put in contact with the communication device DC 100 associated with the pairing device DA 11 , as shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1A, to implement a transaction, here a payment, relating to the delivery of takeaway food. Such a transaction can for example be implemented by means of an eSIM card ("Embedded Subscriber Identification Module" in English) installed in the car, an electronic wallet ("e-wallet" in English) embedded in the IT infrastructure of the car and in which one or more units of digital currency ("tokens" in English) of a bank card, etc. have been preloaded.

[0053] In the case of the context of use of the DF 12 parking meter of the Figure 1A , once the pairing has been carried out between the car OC 1 and the pairing device DA 12 , the car OC 1 is then able to be put into contact with the payment terminal DC 110 associated with the pairing device DA 12 , as shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1A, to implement a banking transaction relating to the parking of the car OC 1. In this example, the payment terminal DC 110 is integrated into the parking meter DF 12 or located near it.

[0054] According to different possible implementations, the pairing device DA 12 associated with zone Z may or may not be included in the payment terminal DC 110, may or may not be included in the parking meter DF 12, or may be located outside zone Z.

[0055] In the case of the context of use of the DF 13 toll of the Figure 1A , once the pairing has been carried out between the car OC 1 and the pairing device DA 13 , the car OC 1 is then able to be put into contact with the access control server or the payment server DC 120 associated with the pairing device DA 13 , as shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1A, to implement a transaction relating to the access control of car OC 1 or to payment, then to access to the toll of car OC 1 . In this example, the access control server DC 120 is remote from the toll DF 13 .

[0056] According to different possible implementations, the pairing device DA 13 associated with the zone Z may or may not be included in the access control server or the payment server DC 120, may or may not be included in the barrier or the toll booth DF 13, or may be located outside the zone Z.

[0057] The above-mentioned examples are of course non-limiting. In certain variants, for example in the context of use of the DF 12 parking meter, the latter could form a single entity integrating the DA 12 pairing device and the DC 110 payment terminal.

[0058] There Figure 1Brepresents a contactless communication system according to a second embodiment of the invention. This second embodiment uses elements common to those of the Figure 1A . For this reason, these elements are designated with the same references.

[0059] Such a system includes: a connected or communicating object OC 2 associated with a user UT, the object OC 2 being equipped with a radio communication module MCO, a device DF 20 for providing a good or a service to the user UT, a communication device DC 200 configured to communicate with the object OC 2 for the implementation of a transaction relating to the provision of a good or a service by the device DF 20, a pairing device DA 20 configured to pair the communicating object OC 2 with the aforementioned communication device, and also equipped with a radio communication module MCA corresponding to the radio communication module MCO. According to the invention, the pairing device DA 20 is advantageously associated with the zone Z, in the sense that it is not necessarily physically present in the zone Z. The pairing device DA 20 can also be located remotely or outside this zone.

[0060] In the example of the Figure 1B, the communicating object OC 2 is an object carried by the user UT, such as for example a smartphone (“smart phone”). It could of course alternatively be a tablet, a badge, a bracelet, etc.

[0061] As such, the OC 2 smartphone is natively equipped with a plurality of sensors / detectors such as, for example, a camera, a photo camera, an accelerometer, a GPS-type geolocation device, etc.

[0062] In the example of the Figure 1B , the context of use of the smartphone OC 2 is the purchase of an object OBJ in a store. For this purpose, the device DF 20 for supplying goods or services is, for example, the anti-theft gate of the store.

[0063] The DF 20 anti-theft portal is associated with the DA 20 pairing device allowing pairing, via its MCA radio communication module, with the OC 2 smartphone, via the latter's MCO communication module.

[0064] In such a context of payment for an object OBJ, the communication device DC 200 is a payment terminal placed for example near the anti-theft gate DF 20, in particular at the cash register of the store.

[0065] The DA 20 pairing device can be included in the DF 20 anti-theft gate or in the DC 200 payment terminal. The DA 20 pairing device can also be located elsewhere than in the store given that it is associated with the Z zone.

[0066] Thus, when the user UT is in the store to obtain the object OBJ, once the pairing has been carried out between the smartphone OC 2 and the pairing device DA 20, the smartphone OC 2 is then able to be put into contact with the payment terminal DC 200 associated with the pairing device DA 20, as shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1B, to implement, in zone Z, a transaction, here a payment, which relates to the supply of the object OBJ. Such a transaction is implemented by means, for example, of a SIM or eSIM card installed in the smartphone, an electronic wallet embedded in the smartphone and in which one or more units of digital currency ("tokens" in English) of a bank card, etc. have been preloaded.

[0067] There Figure 1C represents a contactless communication system according to a third embodiment of the invention. This embodiment uses elements common to those of the Figures 1A And 1B presented previously. For this reason, these elements are designated with the same references.

[0068] Such a system includes: a connected or communicating object OC 3 associated with a user UT, the object OC 3 being equipped with a radio communication module MCO, a device DF 30 for providing a good or a service to the user UT, a communication device DC 300 configured to communicate with the object OC 3 for the implementation of a transaction relating to the provision of a good or a service by the device DF 30, a pairing device DA 30 configured to pair the communicating object OC 3 with the communication device DC 300, and also equipped with a radio communication module MCA corresponding to the radio communication module MCO. According to the invention, the pairing device DA 30 is advantageously associated with the zone Z, in the sense that it is not necessarily physically present in the zone Z. The pairing device DA 30 can also be located remotely or outside this zone.

[0069] In the example of the Figure 1C, the communicating object OC 3 is an object worn by the user UT, such as for example a connected watch. It could of course be a tablet, a badge, a bracelet, glasses, etc.

[0070] As such, the OC 3 watch is natively equipped with a plurality of sensors / detectors such as, for example, a camera, a photo camera, an accelerometer, a GPS-type geolocation device, etc.

[0071] In the example of the Figure 1C , the context of use of the OC 3 connected watch is access to a means of transport such as, for example, the metro, train, tram, etc. For this purpose, the DF 30 device for supplying goods or services is the access gate to this means of transport. It can also be a terminal placed in a bus or tram, near a platform in a station, etc.

[0072] The DF 30 gate is associated with the DA 30 pairing device. For this purpose, the DA 30 pairing device can be included in the DA 30 pairing device, located near it or at a distance from it.

[0073] In such a context of access to a means of transport, the DC 300 communication device is an access control server.

[0074] According to different possible implementations, the pairing device DA 30 can be included in the gate DF 30 or in the access control server DC 300. The pairing device DA 30 can also be located elsewhere outside the zone Z.

[0075] Thus, when the user UT is about to cross the gate DF 30 to access a means of transport, once the pairing has been carried out between the connected watch OC 3 and the pairing device DA 30, the connected watch OC 3 is then able to be put into contact with the access control server DC 300 associated with the pairing device DA 30, as shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1C, to implement, in the zone Z, a transaction relating to the access of the user UT to the means of transport, such a transaction being a control of access to the means of transport. Such access control implements for example a decrement of one or more digital transport tickets preloaded in an electronic wallet of the connected watch OC 3 , in which one or more digital transport tickets ("tokens" in English), a particular identifier, etc. have been preloaded. According to another example, the access control server DC 300 could automatically validate access to the means of transport on the basis of a particular identifier associated with the electronic wallet of the connected watch OC 3 . Description of an embodiment of the communicating object OC

[0076] There figure 2 presents the simplified structure of the communicating object OC, such as for example the object OC 1, OC 2 or OC 3 of the Figures 1A to 1C, which communicating object is suitable for implementing the contactless communication method which will be described below.

[0077] As already explained above, such a communicating object classically includes: one or more sensors / detectors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s (S≥1), an RCM module for receiving MSG broadcast messages, for example of the beacon type or of the V2X type ("Vehicle-to-Everything" in English) when the communicating object OC is more particularly a vehicle, these broadcast messages being received from different devices and / or infrastructures that the communicating object encounters on its journey, the MCO communication module adapted to communicate according to the communication context used, via a short-range data network (Bluetooth, WiFi, NFC, etc.) designated by the reference RCP, or via a long-range data network (3G, 4G, 5G, etc.) designated by the reference RLP, a CTR module for controlling the activation / deactivation of an APP module for receiving, via the RLP or RCP data network, pairing requests from one or more pairing devices DA 1 , DA 2,..., DA R associated with zone Z, a DT transaction device such as for example a SIM card, eSIM, e-wallet, etc. .

[0078] According to the invention, the communicating object OC comprises a memory MEM 1 which is configured to store, in a table TAB, R identifiers ID 1 , ID 2 ,..., ID R relating to the R pairing devices DA 1 , DA 2 ,..., DA R , with respectively R location data LOC 1 , LOC 2 ,..., LOC R defining R zones Z. In each of the R zones Z is implemented a particular transaction, as will be described later with reference to the figure 3 . Such location data can be Cartesian, polar, spherical, or other. According to different possible implementations, the location data of the Z zone are for example: one point (latitude, longitude) and the radius of this area, in the case where it is circular, two points (latitude, longitude) and a distance between these two points, in the case where the area has the shape of an ellipse, three points (latitude, longitude), in the case where the area is triangular, four points (latitude, longitude), in the case where the area has the shape of a quadrilateral, .., any number of points defining the perimeter of the area.

[0079] Alternatively, the memory MEM 1 may be remoted in a communication network, a cloud, etc. and be made accessible by the communicating object OC, by means of the communication module MCO or a communication module (not shown) dedicated for this purpose. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the actions executed by the communicating object OC, within the framework of the implementation of the contactless communication method in accordance with the present invention, are implemented by instructions of a computer program PG. For this, the communicating object OC has the conventional architecture of a computer and notably comprises a memory MEM 2 , a processing unit UTR, equipped for example with a processor PROC, and controlled by the computer program PG stored in memory MEM 2 .The computer program PG comprises instructions for implementing the actions executed by the communicating object OC, when the program is executed by the processor PROC, according to any of the particular embodiments of the invention.

[0080] At initialization, the code instructions of the computer program PG are, for example, loaded into a RAM memory (not shown) before being executed by the processor PROC. The processor PROC of the processing unit UTR notably implements the actions of collecting data from the sensor(s) CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s , the actions of controlling by the module CTR the activation / deactivation of the reception of pairing requests from the pairing device(s) DA 1 , DA 2 ,..., DA R , the actions of receiving such requests, the actions of storing information relating to the pairing device(s) in the table TAB, the actions of selecting the appropriate pairing device in relation to the location of the communicating object, the actions of pairing then communication with a communication device DC j associated with the selected pairing device, according to the instructions of the computer program PG. Description of an embodiment of a contactless communication method

[0081] We now describe the progress of a contactless communication method between a communicating object OC, such as for example the object OC 1 , OC 2 or OC 3 of the Figures 1A to 1C , and a communication device DC j mentioned above, according to an embodiment of the invention, for implementing a transaction relating to the provision of a good or a service generated by a device DF i for providing a good or a service.

[0082] According to the invention, the communicating object OC is configured in such a way that it autonomously executes the various actions which will be described below to communicate without contact with the communication device DC j , as if it were the user UT himself who implemented this communication with a communication terminal, a badge, a card or others. Such contactless communication is implemented when the communicating object OC is located in the zone Z where the transaction relating to the provision of goods or services is implemented.

[0083] As can be seen on the figure 3 , the size of the Z zone varies depending on the type of communicating object and its context of use.

[0084] For example, in the case where the communicating object is the car OC 1 of the Figure 1Aand where the context of use of this object is to refuel at a gas station, the zone Z is sufficiently reduced to discriminate a single vehicle, which, in the example of the figure 3 , is the car OC 1 parked at the pump DF 10, at location no. 4. In accordance with the invention, location data LOC 10 defining location no. 4 will have been previously associated with an identifier ID 10 of the aforementioned pairing device DA 10.

[0085] According to another example shown, in the case where the communicating object is the car OC 1 of the Figure 1Aand where the context of use of this object is payment at a toll DF 13, the geographical zone Z may be much larger, in order to allow pairing and communication to implement payment or access control, sufficiently in advance of the actual passage of the toll DF 13. In accordance with the invention, location data LOC 13 defining the zone Z will have been previously associated with an identifier ID 13 of the aforementioned pairing device DA 13.

[0086] In the case where the communicating object is the OC 3 connected watch from the Figure 1Cand where the context of use of this object is access to a means of transport via a gate DF 12, the geographical zone Z has for example a relatively small extent ranging from a few centimeters to 1 meter in diameter for example. In accordance with the invention, location data LOC 30 defining the zone Z will have been previously associated with an identifier ID 30 of the aforementioned pairing device DA 30. When the geographical zone Z borders other geographical zones, for example the geographical zones delimiting locations No. 1 to 3 of the service station, it is ensured that none of the zones overlap. Thus, the identifier of the pairing device DA 10 will in this use case be associated with location data defining each of these locations.In this way, the car OC 1 which enters the zone Z is perfectly discriminated from the other vehicles likely to park in the neighboring zones, thus allowing the pairing between the car OC 1 and the payment server DC 100, via the pairing device DA 10, to be completed correctly. In addition, whatever the context of use of the communicating object, it is also ensured that each pairing device is associated with a zone Z so as to optimize the pairing with the communicating object located in this same zone, and therefore the contactless communication which follows between the communicating object and the communication device associated with this pairing device. The location data defining a zone Z will therefore be finely selected for this purpose.

[0087] The actions executed by the communicating object OC to implement the contactless communication method according to the invention are now illustrated in the figure 4 .

[0088] In S1, the communicating object OC, which moves towards a device DF i for providing a good or a service to a user UT of this object, determines one or more pieces of information ICU of the context of use of the communicating object OC.

[0089] This or these usage context information ICU are representative of an environment in which the communicating object OC is located or contain at least one operating data of this object. In step S1, the communicating object OC is located in the zone Z where the transaction is implemented.

[0090] At this stage, the communicating object OC is not in a position to communicate with a communication device DC j , the pairing mode of the communication module MCO not being activated (APP. OFF) by the module CTR of the figure 2 .

[0091] More specifically and by way of non-exhaustive examples, ICU usage context information representative of an environment in which the communicating object OC is located or containing at least one piece of operating data for this object may be: information INF 1 contained in a message received by the communicating object OC originating for example from a pairing device DA k or from a device for transmitting message(s) located in the zone Z or in the vicinity thereof, this information indicating a place near the communicating object OC, and / or data INF 2 for geolocation of the communicating object OC in the zone Z, and / or information INF 3 based on data from at least one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAPs belonging to the communicating object OC and interpreted by it, and / or a current operating parameter INF 4 recorded by the communicating object OC, and / or an element INF 5 of a history of communications or transactions carried out by the communicating object OC before it reaches zone Z, such as for example the payment(s) previously made by the object OC, the type of good or service paid for but also the type of transport ticket used previously, the toll(s) previously used, the parking lot(s) previously used, etc.

[0092] Information INF 1 designates, for example, a particular location corresponding to zone Z, the type of good or service provided by a device DF i for the supply of a good or service which is located in zone Z, the sign of a store or shop associated with the device DF i for the supply of a good or service.

[0093] In the context of use shown on the Figure 1A , where the communicating object OC is a car OC 1 , the information INF 1 received by the car OC 1 , via the RCM reception module of the figure 2 , is conveyed for example in an MSG message broadcast by one of the pairing devices DA 10 to DA 13 or by one of the devices DF 10 to DF 13 for supplying a good or a service, depending on the context of use of the car OC 1. The MSG message can also be broadcast by any suitable infrastructure such as a service station which manages all the pumps, a restaurant, a road center, a local authority, etc.

[0094] Such an MSG message is for example of the beacon type, V2X, UWB ("Ultra wideband" in English), WiFi multicast, or even LiFi ("Light Fidelity" in English), etc.

[0095] Typically, this information INF 1 designates for example: the name of the service station where the DF 10 pump is located, the number of this pump, etc. the type of restaurant, for example "fast food", associated with the DF 11 takeaway food counter, the name of the district or street in which the DF 12 parking meter is located, the city in which the DF 13 toll is located or an identifier of one of the barriers of this toll.

[0096] In the context of use shown on the Figure 1B , where the communicating object OC is a smartphone OC 2 , the information INF 1 received by the smartphone, via the RCM reception module of the figure 2 , is conveyed for example in a beacon-type MSG message broadcast by the pairing device DA 20 , the anti-theft gate DF 20 , or a transmitter placed at the entrance to the store, etc. Typically, this information INF 1 designates for example the name of the store, geolocation information of the smartphone OC 2 in the store, etc.

[0097] In the context of use shown on the Figure 1C , where the communicating object OC is a connected watch OC 3 , the information INF 1 received by the watch, via the RCM reception module of the figure 2 , is conveyed for example in a beacon type MSG message or a “push notification” type message broadcast by the pairing device DA 30 , the gate DF 30 , or a transmitter placed in a station or station, etc. Typically, this information INF 1 designates for example the name of a station or a bus / tram stop, the identifier of a transport line, geolocation information of the connected watch OC 3 in the station or station, etc.

[0098] With regard to information INF 3, in the context of use shown on the Figure 1A, where the communicating object OC is a car OC 1 , the information INF 3 corresponds for example to a sign of the service station, the fast-food restaurant, the name of the parking lot or the toll, etc. which have been recognized after analysis of an image or a video captured by one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s of the car OC 1 , typically a camera or a video camera. It can also be the metadata associated with this image, such as for example the geographical position of the service station, the fast-food restaurant, the parking lot or the toll, the date and / or the time of capture of the image or video. The information INF 3 also corresponds in this context of use to the geographical coordinates (Cartesian, polar, spherical, etc.) of the car OC 1 which are measured by one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s of the car OC 1 , typically a GPS device.

[0099] In the context of use shown on the Figure 1B, where the communicating object OC is a smartphone OC 2 , the information INF 3 corresponds for example to the type of the object OBJ recognized after analysis of a barcode or QR code ("Quick Response Code" in English) scanned beforehand by the user UT using the smartphone OC 2 , via one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s of the smartphone OC 2 , typically a scanner. The information INF 3 also corresponds in this context of use to the geographical coordinates (Cartesian, polar, spherical, etc.) of the smartphone OC 2 which are measured by one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s of the smartphone OC 2 , typically a GPS device.

[0100] In the context of use shown on the Figure 1C, where the communicating object OC is a connected watch OC 3 , the information INF 3 corresponds for example to the name of the station or train station, to an identifier of the transport line used by the user UT, etc. which have been recognized after analysis of an image or a video captured by one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s of the watch OC 3 , typically a camera or a video camera. It may also be metadata associated with this image, such as the geographical position of the station or train station, the date and / or time of capture of the image or video. The information INF 3 may also correspond, in this context of use, to a speed measured by one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s of the watch OC 3 , typically an accelerometer. The INF 3 information also corresponds, in this context of use, to the geographical coordinates (Cartesian, polar, spherical, etc.) of the OC 3 watch which are measured by one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 ,..., CAP s of the OC 3 watch, typically a GPS device.

[0101] The operating parameter INF 4 corresponds, more particularly in the context of use of the Figure 1A , where the communicating object OC is a car OC 1 , with parameters linked to the infrastructure of the car OC 1 and sent via a multiplex or a data bus installed in the car. These are, for example, the current speed, the opening / closing of the fuel flap, the decrease / increase of the fuel level in the tank, the opening / closing of a door, etc.

[0102] Referring again to the figure 4, in S2, the communicating object OC which moves towards a device DF i for supplying a good or a service to a user UT of this object, determines the location of the geographical zone Z associated with at least one pairing device DA k . To this end, according to a first embodiment, when the communicating object OC arrives in the zone Z, or a little before its arrival, it stores beforehand in the table TAB stored in memory MEM 1 ( figure 2 ), for each pairing device DA k associated with zone Z: the identifier ID 1 of the pairing device DA 1 in association with location data LOC 1 of a given zone Z, in which a transaction involving the pairing device DA 1 is implemented, .., the identifier ID R of the pairing device DA R in association with location data LOC R of a given zone Z, in which a transaction involving the pairing device DA R is implemented.

[0103] The information in this TAB table is received using a geolocation technique for the communicating object OC in its immediate environment. This information is also appropriately secured to counteract fraud by adding a false pairing device.

[0104] According to a second embodiment, the identifier ID k , as well as the location data LOC k of the zone Z associated with the pairing device DA k , are obtained dynamically by the communicating object OC so as to preserve the resources of the memory MEM 1 . This information is received by the reception module RCM of the communicating object OC ( figure 2) in the form of a beacon or push notification type message, or UWB, or WiFi multicast, or according to LiFi technology, regardless of the communicating object considered among the objects OC 1 , OC 2 , OC 3 , or a V2X type message in the case where the object OC is more specifically a vehicle OC 1 . The identifier ID k , as well as the location data LOC k , which are received are also secured for the same reasons as in the first embodiment, for example by means of one or more certificates verifiable with an authority.

[0105] For a pairing device DA k thus referenced by the communicating object OC in the table TAB or obtained dynamically, associated information may also be available, such as for example: a public key to decrypt the transaction messages that will be sent during contactless communication between the communicating object OC and the communication device DC i associated with the pairing device DA k considered, possibly category information of a good or service likely to be billed or used during the transaction (service station category, fast-food category, parking category, toll category, bus, metro, train, tram category, “telephone” shop category, “bookstore” category, etc.).

[0106] A pairing device DA k considered, and therefore the device DF i for supplying goods and services and the communication device DC j associated with it, correspond to a precise geolocation of the zone Z, the scale of which is the centimeter, which is a necessary passage for the communicating object OC before or after supplying the service or the good. The centimeter precision currently achievable optimizes the location of the communicating object OC in the zone Z associated with the pairing device DA k , via for example UWB, RTK ("Real Time Kinematic" in English)-GPS technologies or any other technique which allows one to be located in space. Thus, in the case for example of the figure 3 , the car OC 1 is able to be located to the nearest centimeter in zone Z (location no. 4) associated with the pairing device D 10 . In the case of the Figure 1B, the smartphone OC 2 is able to be located in the zone Z associated with the pairing device D 20 to the nearest centimeter, at the level of the anti-theft gate DF 20. In the case of the Figure 1C , the connected watch OC 3 is capable of being located to the nearest centimeter in the zone Z associated with the pairing device D 30 , at the access gate DF 30 .

[0107] In S3 on the figure 4 , the communicating object OC checks whether at least one piece of context information ICU and the location LOC k of a zone Z associated with at least one pairing device DA k have been determined. If the result of this analysis is negative (N on the figure 4), the pairing mode of the MCO communication module remains deactivated (APP. OFF). The communicating object OC is therefore not able to receive pairing requests from pairing devices, which constitutes a first level of security of the contactless communication method of the communicating object OC with a communication device DC j , thereby preventing the communicating object OC from pairing itself improperly or fraudulently with such a communication device.

[0108] If the result of this analysis is positive (O on the figure 4 ), the pairing mode of the MCO communication module is activated (APP. ON) in S4 by the CTR control module of the figure 2 . At the end of step S4, the communicating object OC then starts listening for the reception of pairing requests, via the APP module of the figure 2 A pairing request contains an identifier of the pairing device sending this request.

[0109] Steps S2 and S3 can be simultaneous. For example, with reference to the Figure 1A , in the context of using a DF 10 pump at a service station, buying takeaway food at a DF 11 counter, or using a DF 12 parking meter, it is necessary for the car OC 1 to be stationary (zero speed) at the DF 10 pump, the DF 11 counter or the DF 12 parking meter. Similarly, with reference to the Figure 1C , in the case of access to a means of transport via the gate DF 30 , it is necessary for the user UT to mark a stop time before passing through the gate DF 30 , meaning that the speed of the connected watch OC 3 is zero at this precise moment. Thus, to the extent that among the context information ICU determined in S1, there is, in the case of the Figure 1A , location information for the OC 1 car in the radio vicinity of the DF 10 pump, the DF 11 ticket office or the DF 12 parking meter or, in the case of the Figure 1C, location information of the connected watch OC 3 in radio proximity of the gate DF 30, the conditions are considered fulfilled to move on to the aforementioned step S4. Whatever the context of use envisaged or the type of communicating object OC, such location information may be part of the context of use information ICU determined in S1. In the case of the Figure 1A , for example, in the case of car OC 1 which is located at pump DF 10 or at the counter DF 11, a particular ground marking of zone Z could be detected by car OC 1, thereby generating location information for car OC 1 near pump DF 10 or counter DF 11.

[0110] In S5, the communicating object OC receives a pairing request REQ APP c from at least one pairing device DA c , with 1≤c≤R. Such a request contains an identifier ID c of the pairing device DA c .

[0111] In S6, the communicating object OC identifies the pairing device DA c using the identifier ID c contained in the request REQ APP c . During this step, the communicating object OC also uses the encryption key associated with the identifier ID c in the table TAB of the figure 2 or directly in the REQ APP c request if this key is contained in the latter.

[0112] In S7, the communicating object OC compares the identifier ID c with the identifier of at least one pairing device that was obtained in S2. If the identifier ID c does not correspond to any identifier obtained in S2 (N on the figure 4) and / or if the communicating object OC fails to authenticate the request REQ APP c using the encryption key, the contactless communication method is stopped or the communicating object OC repeats steps S5 to S7, which constitutes a second level of security of the contactless communication method of the communicating object OC with a communication device DC j , thus preventing the communicating object OC from pairing improperly or fraudulently with such a communication device. The contactless communication method is for example stopped when the control module CTR of the figure 2 disables the reception, by the communicating object OC, of ​​pairing requests. If, on the other hand, the identifier ID c is equal to an identifier ID k obtained in S2 (O on the figure 4) and the authentication of the request REQ APP c using the encryption key is successful, the communicating object OC compares in S8 the location data LOC k associated with the identifier ID k of the pairing device DA k with the location data LOCo of the communicating object OC which come from one of the sensors CAP 1 , CAP 2 , ..., CAP s . If the location data LOC k and LOCo do not match (N on the figure 4 ), the communicating object OC is not considered to be in a valid pairing situation. The contactless communication method is therefore stopped or the communicating object OC repeats steps S5 to S8, which constitutes a third level of security of the contactless communication method of the communicating object OC with a communication device DC j , thus preventing the communicating object OC from pairing itself improperly or fraudulently with such a communication device. If the location data LOC k and LOCo correspond (O on the figure 4 ), the communicating object OC then pairs in S9 with the communication device DC j , via the pairing device DA k which is associated with it.

[0113] The comparison S8 between the location data LOC k associated with the identifier ID k of the pairing device DA k and the location data LOCo of the communicating object OC can take different forms depending on the nature of the location data. According to an example: the LOCo location data of the communicating object include the coordinates of a characteristic point of the object, for example its geometric center, the LOC k location data include the coordinates defining the perimeter of the zone Z.

[0114] In this case, the comparison S8 checks whether this characteristic point is included or not in the area defined by the location data LOC k .

[0115] According to another example: the location data LOCo of the communicating object comprises the coordinates defining the perimeter of a zone Z' in which the communicating object OC is located, the location data LOC k comprises the coordinates defining the perimeter of the zone Z.

[0116] In this case, the S8 comparison verifies: whether zone Z' is included or not in zone Z, or vice versa, whether zones Z' and Z overlap or not, whether zones Z' and Z are juxtaposed or not, etc.

[0117] Once the pairing has been carried out in S9, a contactless communication S10 is then implemented in a conventional manner between the communicating object OC and the communication device DC j, for the implementation of a transaction (payment, access control, etc.) relating to the provision of a product or a service.

[0118] The steps of the contactless communication method that have just been described above advantageously allow any connected object to communicate contactlessly, in a completely autonomous and secure manner, with a communication device (payment server, access control server or gate, cash register of a shop, a ticket office or a toll booth, etc.), whether this communication device is close to or distant from the connected object.

[0119] We will now describe, with reference to the Figure 5A , a first embodiment of a decision-making phase implemented during step S3 of the figure 4 to characterize that the ICU usage context information determined in S2 is indeed representative of a legitimate potential pairing situation of the communicating object OC.

[0120] Such a phase comprises a step S30 during which the ICU usage context information is compared with reference ICU usage context information Ref, which characterizes a pairing situation of a communicating object as being valid and which has been learned beforehand, for example using a neural network.

[0121] If the ICU usage context information and the ICU Ref usage context information do not match (N on the Figure 5A ), step S4 of activating the reception of pairing requests is not triggered.

[0122] If the ICU usage context information and the ICU Ref usage context information match (O on the Figure 5A), it is checked in S31 whether a zone Z associated with a pairing device DA has been located by the communicating object OC, either dynamically using one or more aforementioned broadcast messages, or using the information stored in the correspondence table TAB of the figure 2 . If this is the case, step S4 of activating the reception of pairing requests is triggered. Otherwise, this step S4 is not triggered.

[0123] In the context of using the Figures 1A And 3 , where the communicating object OC is a car OC 1 which, for example, comes to fill up at the pump DF 10 , the determined ICU usage context information is for example: the speed of car OC 1 is zero, the engine of car OC 1 is off, the tank level is low, the category "fuel pump" is identified in an MSG message.

[0124] This information is compared to a learning situation that has been modeled with reference usage context information ICU Ref of the same or similar type to the usage context information ICU and that has already been previously evaluated in an identical or similar usage context: for car OC 1, or for another car or any other type of vehicle belonging for example to a fleet of vehicles to which car OC 1 belongs.

[0125] Thus, if in S30, all the ICU usage context information matches the ICU Ref reference usage context information, it is checked in S31 whether the car OC 1 has previously obtained in S2 ( figure 4) in the table TAB or in a message MSG the location data LOC 10 of the zone Z associated with the pairing device D 10 . If this is the case, step S4 of activating the reception of pairing requests is triggered. Otherwise, this step S4 is not triggered.

[0126] If, on the other hand, the determined ICU usage context information is, for example: the speed of car OC 1 is zero, the engine of car OC 1 is off, the fuel level is low, the category “fast-food” is identified in an MSG message, then, in the comparison step S30, this ICU usage context information will not be consistent with the reference ICU usage context information Ref modeling a known or learned situation in which one finds oneself the OC car 1 . Step S4 of activating the reception of pairing requests will therefore not be triggered.

[0127] In the context of using the figure 1B , where the communicating object OC is a smartphone OC 2 , the determined ICU usage context information is for example: the type of the scanned object OBJ, and / or the brand of the store that sells the object OBJ, and / or tracking information of the geolocation of the smartphone OC 2 in the store which indicates that the smartphone OC 2 is present in the zone Z associated with the pairing device DA 20, and / or data from the browsing history of the smartphone OC 2 showing that the user UT has sought to obtain information on the object OBJ, etc.

[0128] This or these pieces of information are compared to a learning situation which has been modeled with one or more pieces of reference usage context information ICU Ref of the same type or of a similar type to the usage context information ICU and which has already been previously evaluated in an identical or similar usage context which defines the purchasing habits of the UT user or another user or a purchasing kinematics known to the UT user or another user.

[0129] In the context of using the figure 1C , where the communicating object OC is a connected watch OC 3 , the determined ICU usage context information is for example: the name of the bus stop, geolocation data of the smartwatch in relation to this stop, the line identifier which is indicated for example on the approaching bus, a speed of the smartwatch which decreases, etc.

[0130] This information is compared to a learning situation that has been modeled with reference usage context information ICU Ref of the same type or a similar type to the usage context information ICU and that has already been previously evaluated in a context of use of an identical or similar means of transport and representative of the public transport travel habits of the UT user or another user.

[0131] We will now describe, with reference to the figure 5B , a second embodiment of a decision-making phase implemented during step S3 of the figure 4 to characterize that the ICU usage context information determined in S2 is indeed representative of a legitimate potential pairing situation of the communicating object OC.

[0132] Such a phase comprises a step S'30 during which the ICU usage context information(s) are combined with the location data LOC k of a zone Z associated with the pairing device DA k , these location data LOC k having been obtained in S2 on the figure 4 .

[0133] In S'31, an SC score is calculated relative to this combination.

[0134] In S'32, the SC score is compared to a TH threshold.

[0135] According to one embodiment, 0≤TH≤1. Other framing values ​​are of course possible depending on the implementation of the rules engine implementing the decision phase, via for example an expert system. A convention establishes for example that beyond a certain reference value V of the threshold TH, for example equal to 0.6, the communicating object OC is in a valid pairing situation. If SC>V (or SC≥V according to the established convention), step S4 of activating reception of pairing requests is triggered. If SC≤V (or SC

Claims

1. Method for contactless communication between a communicating object (OC) and a communication device (DCj) in order to implement a transaction, characterized in that the method comprises, on the communicating object located in an area (Z) in which said transaction is implemented, autonomous execution of the following: - receiving (S5) at least one pairing request from one or more pairing devices (DAk) associated with said area, when the communicating object has determined (S3) at least one item of information in relation to the use context of the communicating object and a location (LOCk) associated with at least one of the pairing devices (DAk), - when a pairing device (DAc) identified (S6) in said at least one received pairing request corresponds (S7) to said at least one pairing device (DAk) associated with said area and the location (LOCk) associated with said at least one pairing device (DAk) corresponds to the location of the communicating object (OC) in said area, pairing (S9) with the communication device (DCj), said communication device being associated with the identified pairing device (DAc).

2. Contactless communication method according to Claim 1, wherein activation (S4) of the reception of at least one pairing request is implemented as follows: - comparing (S30, S31) a first set of information, including said at least one item of information (ICU) in relation to the use context of the communicating object and data in relation to said location that has been associated with said at least one pairing device, with at least one second set of reference information (ICURef) that characterizes a pairing situation of a communicating object as being valid, - at the end of said comparison, establishing that there is a match between the first set of information and the second set of information.

3. Contactless communication method according to Claim 1, wherein activation of the reception of at least one pairing request is implemented as follows: - combining (S'30) said at least one item of information (ICU) in relation to the use context of the communicating object and data (LOCk) in relation to said location associated with said at least one pairing device, - obtaining (S'31) a score representative of the result of the combination, - comparing (S'32) the obtained score with a threshold, - depending on the result of the comparison, activating the reception of at least one pairing request.

4. Contactless communication method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one item of information in relation to the use context of the communicating object is representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located or contains at least one operating datum in relation to the communicating object.

5. Contactless communication method according to Claim 4, wherein the at least one item of use context information representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located is contained in a message received by the communicating object from a pairing device associated with said area or from a message-transmitting device located in said environment, said at least one item of information indicating a location close to the communicating object.

6. Contactless communication method according to Claim 4, wherein the at least one item of use context information representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located comprises a geolocation datum in relation to the communicating object with respect to the pairing device associated with said area.

7. Contactless communication method according to Claim 4, wherein the at least one item of use context information representative of an environment in which the communicating object is located contains a datum coming from at least one sensor belonging to the communicating object.

8. Contactless communication method according to Claim 4, wherein the at least one operating datum in relation to the communicating object contained in the at least one item of use context information is a current operating parameter recorded by the communicating object or an element of a history of the communications or transactions carried out by the communicating object.

9. Contactless communication method according to Claim 1, wherein the location of the identified pairing device is determined from a memory of the communicating object.

10. Contactless communication method according to Claim 1, wherein the location associated with said at least one pairing device is determined from the content of a message received from said at least one pairing device or from a message-transmitting device located in the environment of the communicating object.

11. Communicating object (OC) having capabilities for contactless communication with a communication device (DCj), in order to implement a transaction, characterized in that said communicating object comprises a processor (PROC) that is configured to implement, on the communicating object located in an area (Z) in which said transaction is implemented, autonomous execution of the following: - receiving at least one pairing request from one or more pairing devices associated with said area, when the communicating object has determined at least one item of information in relation to the use context of the communicating object and a location associated with at least one of the pairing devices (DAk), - when a pairing device (DAc) identified in said at least one received pairing request corresponds to said at least one pairing device (DAk) associated with said area and the location (LOCk) associated with said at least one pairing device (DAk) corresponds to the location of the communicating object (OC) in said area, pairing with the communication device (DCj), said communication device being associated with the identified pairing device (DAc).

12. Computer program comprising program code instructions for implementing the contactless communication method according to any one of Claims 1 to 10 when it is executed on a computer.

13. Computer-readable information medium comprising instructions of a computer program according to Claim 12.

14. Contactless communication system, characterized in that it comprises: - a communicating object (OC) according to Claim 11, - a communication device (DCj) associated with a pairing device (DAk) that is itself associated with the area (Z) in which the transaction is implemented.