SYSTEM FOR TRAINING IN CBRN RISKS AND THREATS

Description

Domaine technique

[0001] The invention relates to a training system for NRBC (Nuclear, Radiological, Biological, Chemical) risks and threats produced in the form of a NRBC mask using augmented virtual reality (i.e. also known by the English acronym AR for "Augmented Reality") in combination with a virtual reality scenario. A NRBC risk or threat is a risk or threat that is either nuclear, radiological, biological, and / or chemical corresponding to a high level of danger to human life, potentially affecting the lives of civilian populations or security and defense actors such as civil security, firefighters, gendarmes, police officers or the military. Training or practice allows security and defense actors to understand NRBC risks and threats in the context of training before being confronted with them in real conditions.The invention aims to provide an augmented virtual reality training system applicable in particular to the professional training and training of said security and defense actors. Technique antérieure

[0002] As an example for firefighter training, existing educational and training tools consist of either a fire box, a fire house or a maneuvering tower or disused buildings in which all the phenomena that firefighters may face during a fire are reproduced. Thus, firefighters can repeat technical actions in order to train and improve their operational efficiency in conditions close to reality. Various disadvantages result from such an approach to training and training, including: difficulties in finding disused buildings, expensive platform, environmental impact (i.e. by the generation of solid, liquid, gaseous effluents and waste), complex technical implementation, safety of responders.Similar issues exist for training and coaching for other security and defense actors in their specific contexts. In conclusion, current training is complicated because it is dangerous in some cases, the types of risky interventions cannot be controlled and are therefore less practiced in training and also costly in terms of equipment specially designed for learning.

[0003] There is therefore a need to offer a training and coaching technique that is easier to implement, for example by reducing or even avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks.

[0004] US 2005 / 168403 A1 describes a wireless augmented reality system and method, in which the user wears some or all of the equipment necessary to perform a simulation. Various arrangements are shown that can be selected depending on the system's needs, such as the number of users and the type of tracking equipment. The system and method are used for firefighter training.

[0005] Document XP 047556036 (David Jones et al., “Measuring Stress in an Augmented Training Environment: Approaches and Applications”, 21 / 06 / 2016, INTELLIGENT ROBOTICS AND APPLICATIONS pages. 23-33, Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016) describes a training system that can adapt stress levels to optimize virtual reality training. Résumé de l'invention

[0006] It is an object of the invention to provide a CBRN risk and threat training system that overcomes one or more of the drawbacks or limitations of existing training and education techniques.

[0007] According to one aspect, a nuclear, radiological, biological, chemical NRBC risk training system is proposed using a virtual reality scenario, characterized in that the system comprises an NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask comprising: a virtual reality screen; at least one graphics processing module comprising a graphics microprocessor for broadcasting images of the virtual reality scenario on the virtual reality screen; at least one main processing module comprising a main microprocessor; a memory comprising the at least one virtual reality scenario; at least one biometric sensor measuring a physiological parameter of a user of the NRBC-AR mask during the execution of said virtual reality scenario; at least one stress actuator modifying an interior environmental parameter of the mask during the execution of said virtual reality scenario, said stress actuator comprising a controlled-opening valve which directs air towards the interior of the NRBC-AR mask so as to regulate an incoming air flow; and the main microprocessor of the main processing module is arranged to: controlling the graphics microprocessor of the graphics processing module to broadcast said virtual reality scenario on the virtual reality screen; comparing the physiological parameter of the user to a reference physiological value; and adapting said virtual reality scenario in real time by controlling the stress actuator in real time to modify at least one internal environmental parameter of the mask, said modification of at least one internal environmental parameter of the mask consisting at least of operating the controlled opening valve to regulate the incoming air flow so as to reduce the arrival of air flow to increase a stress state of the user or to increase the arrival of air flow to reduce said stress state of the user.

[0008] The biometric sensor may be selected from a pulse sensor, a body temperature sensor, a blood oxygen saturation measurement sensor, electrodes for measuring brain electrical activity, a respiratory rate measurement sensor, a pupil diameter measurement sensor, and / or an electrodermal conductance measurement sensor.

[0009] The stress actuator further comprises a heating resistor and / or an electrode generating an electric discharge.

[0010] The NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask further comprises a filter cartridge, said filter cartridge being equipped with the controlled opening valve.

[0011] The NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask can be coupled to an external respirator via the controlled opening valve.

[0012] The filter cartridge or external respirator may be equipped with an odor generator, for example one or more gas capsules or tablets releasing a specific odor.

[0013] The filter cartridge may contain a battery.

[0014] The NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask may include an electronic card integrating the graphics processing module, the main processing module and the memory, said card being connected to at least one virtual reality camera, at least one audio module, and / or at least one wired or wireless connection integrated into said mask.

[0015] The system may further comprise a control module interconnected with the NRBC-AR mask, the control module comprising a library comprising virtual reality scenarios, at least one virtual reality scenario being downloaded to the memory of the NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask before the execution of said virtual reality scenario.

[0016] The system may further comprise at least one container-type object and at least one detector-type object interconnected together as well as with the control module and the NRBC-AR mask.

[0017] Each of the container and detector type objects may comprise a secondary microprocessor connected to a plurality of sensors and actuators, the secondary microprocessor being arranged to activate one or more functions of said sensors and actuators during the execution of said virtual reality scenario.

[0018] According to another aspect, there is provided a computer program for training in nuclear, radiological, biological, chemical NRBC risks using a virtual reality scenario, the computer program comprising program code instructions for executing the following steps when the program is executed by a microprocessor of a system comprising an NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask: executing a virtual reality scenario by broadcasting images to a user wearing the NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask; measuring in real time at least one physiological parameter of the user during the execution of said virtual reality scenario; comparing the at least one physiological parameter of the user to at least one reference physiological value;adapting said virtual reality scenario in real time by controlling in real time the stress state of the user by modifying at least one interior environmental parameter of the NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask during the execution of said virtual reality scenario, said modification of at least one interior environmental parameter of the mask consisting at least of regulating the flow of air entering the interior of the NRBC-AR mask so as to reduce the arrival of air flow to increase a stress state of the user or to increase the arrival of air flow to reduce said stress state of the user.;

[0019] Said modification of at least one interior environmental parameter of the mask may further consist of heating the interior air of the mask and / or generating an electrical discharge inside the mask.

[0020] The invention is particularly applicable for reproducing or simulating an environment presenting an NRBC risk or threat in order to improve the skills of said security and defense actors without them suffering the consequences of their failures. The training system according to the invention also has the following advantages: The scenarios correspond to standardized exercises, allowing the qualification / certification of actors according to the NRBC standards in force; The system allows security and defense actors to be better prepared to face the reality of the risks and threats they will face; The system does not require the establishment of complex training infrastructures; The system can be used to train and train a security and defense actor or a group of security and defense actors; and The system is structurally light, compact and easy to install, making it particularly suitable for itinerant / mobile training.

[0021] Other advantages will emerge from the following description of the invention. Brève description des dessins

[0022] The present invention is illustrated by examples and not limited to the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate like elements: The Figures FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 And FIG. 4 are schematic views, respectively from the front, from below, in perspective from the side and from the side, illustrating an NRBC-AR mask with a filter cartridge according to the invention; Figure FIG. 5 is a schematic, semi-transparent side perspective view illustrating an NRBC-AR mask without a filter cartridge according to the invention; Figure FIG. 6 is a sectional view along AA of the FIG. 1 illustrating an NRBC-AR mask with a filter cartridge according to the invention; Figures FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 , FIG. 9 And FIG. 10 are schematic views of the NRBC-AR risk training system according to the invention, illustrating respectively the complete system according to a particular embodiment, synoptics of the constituent elements and functions respectively of the NRBC-AR mask, of a container type object and of a detector type object; Figure FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a training method using the NRBC risk training system according to the invention; and Figure FIG. 12 is a schematic front perspective view illustrating an NRBC-AR mask according to another embodiment of the invention with an external respirator. Description détaillée

[0023] The invention will be understood from the following description, in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The CBRN risk and threat training system 1 according to the invention comprises a mask 2 using CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality. Augmented virtual reality (otherwise known as immersive multimedia or computer-simulated reality) is a computer technology that reproduces an environment, real or imaginary, and simulates the presence and physical environment of a user to enable interaction by the person, here the security and defense actor during a training or training session. Virtual reality artificially creates a sensory experience, which may include sight, touch, hearing, smell and heat perception. The purpose of virtual reality is to enable a person (or several people) to engage in sensory-motor and cognitive activity in an artificial, digitally created world, which may be “imaginary, symbolic or a simulation of certain aspects of the real world” to provide immersion.

[0025] The Figure FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the NRBC-AR 2 mask with a filter cartridge according to the invention. Figure FIG. 2 is a schematic view from below of mask 2. Figure FIG. 3 is a schematic side perspective view of mask 2. Figure FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of mask 2. The FIG. 5 is a schematic, semi-transparent side perspective view of mask 2 without a filter cartridge. The FIG. 6 is a sectional view along AA of the FIG. 1 of mask 2 with a filter cartridge. Figure FIG. 8 illustrates by a synoptic representation the constituent elements and functions of the NRBC-AR 2 mask.

[0026] The mask using augmented virtual reality NRBC-AR 2 used for training reproduces the real characteristics of a NRBC mask, namely protection of the face and respiratory tract of the user wearing it, long-term comfort, and optimal ergonomics. The NRBC-AR mask 2 comprises a virtual reality screen 3, at least one graphics processing module 9 comprising a graphics microprocessor, at least one main processing module 8 comprising a main microprocessor, a memory 10 comprising a library comprising the at least one virtual reality scenario, at least one virtual reality camera 16A, 16B, 16C and 16D, at least one biometric sensor 6, at least one stress actuator 4, at least one audio module 14, and at least one wired or wireless connection 11. According to the exemplary embodiment of Figures FIG. 1 à FIG. 6 , the NRBC-AR mask 2 may comprise at least one filter cartridge 7. The NRBC-AR mask 2 comprises a first part 2A forming the NRBC mask with additional functions which will be described below, and a second part 2B forming a VR virtual reality headset.

[0027] Generally, the first part 2A is made of a mixture of chlorobutyl and silicone, allowing the mask to be flexible, comfortable to wear over time and easily adjustable to a large number of users' face shapes. This mixture reproduces the usual protection and sealing characteristics. Alternatively, the first part 2A can be made of a rigid shell to integrate all the elements of the NRBC-AR mask 2 and a face / NRBC-AR mask interface 2 made of chlorobutyl and silicone. The mask is equipped with an air outlet and a sound patch 20 on the front face, possibly also in the upper position of the mask. This air outlet and sound patch 20 allow an air flow towards the outside to reduce the accumulation of humid heat and prevent fogging on the virtual reality screen 3, and also transmit the user's voice to the outside.

[0028] The figures represent the first and second parts 2A and 2B as being formed together integrally to constitute a complete whole.

[0029] Alternatively, the first and second parts 2A and 2B may be separate so that the VR virtual reality headset is removable from the NRBC mask itself. In this case, in order to maintain a complete seal, to allow blocking of external light and to achieve a feeling of confinement of the face under the mask, a bellows made of chlorobutyl and silicone is positioned between the NRBC mask and the VR virtual reality headset. This bellows also makes it possible to offer a depth adjustment which gives a certain mobility of the VR virtual reality headset relative to the NRBC mask while being integral with each other.

[0030] The mask comprises one or more biometric sensors 6. The biometric sensor 6 measures a physiological parameter of the user of the NRBC-AR mask during the execution of said virtual reality scenario. The biometric sensor 6 may be a pulse sensor (measuring the heart rate), and / or a body temperature sensor, and / or a sensor for measuring blood oxygen saturation, and / or electrodes for measuring the electrical activity of the brain (EEG electroencephalography), and / or a sensor for measuring the respiratory rate, and / or a pupillometer (measuring the diameter of the pupil), and / or a sensor for measuring the electrodermal conductance of the user wearing the mask. The biometric sensor(s) 6 may be integrated on the front part of the mask or be positioned on the left and right temporal part.The biometric sensor(s) 6 are connected to the microprocessor of the main processing module 8 and transmit vital data corresponding to physiological parameters of the user wearing the mask. These physiological parameters provide information on the stress state or breathing difficulties of the user during the execution of the virtual reality scenario. A wired network for connecting the sensors (not shown for reasons of clarity of the drawings) can pass through the inner lining of the mask to the electronic card 17.

[0031] Preferably, the stress actuator 4 is produced by means of the controlled opening valve 5 which directs the outside air towards the inside of the mask so as to regulate the incoming air flow. The controlled opening valve 5 can be positioned in the filter cartridge 7 or at the level of an external respirator 80 for reasons of space, but also directly integrated into the mask. The controlled opening valve 5 allows management of the incoming air flow. In one operating mode, the controlled opening valve 5 can be operated so as to considerably reduce the arrival of air flow, this to simulate particular training conditions (i.e. lack of breathable air) and cause stress to the user. Conversely, the controlled opening valve 5 can be operated so as to increase the arrival of air flow to reduce the stress of the user.The controlled opening valve 5 also makes it possible to more faithfully simulate the reality of an exercise. For example, entering a smoky area causing a reduction in breathable air can be simulated by a pressure drop resulting from the reduction in the airflow arrival, then leaving said area to enter a smoke-free area can be simulated by an increase in the airflow arrival. Thus, the controlled opening valve 5 makes it possible to modulate the stress of the user to reproduce or simulate an environment presenting an NRBC risk or threat in the context of training.

[0032] The stress actuator 4 may also be, for example, a heating resistor, for example a heating mat intended to make the user feel a sensation of heat. Alternatively, the stress actuator 4 may be, for example, one or more electrodes intended to make the user feel an electric shock (by electric shock, we mean a low-intensity shock capable of creating a tingling sensation). A combination of several types of stress actuator is possible. Although the stress actuator 4 is illustrated as positioned at the mask in contact with the upper part of the user's face, it may be positioned at another suitable location (for example at the cheeks) or at multiple locations on the mask in order to affect different parts of the user's face. The stress actuator 4 is controlled by the main processing module 8 and connected to the electronic card 17.Alternatively, one or more stress actuators 4 may be arranged on the user's body or in the user's clothing. The filter cartridge 7 may be coupled to the first part 2A via a cartridge connector of the right 70, face 71 and left 72 tapped / threaded hole type. The positioning of a side cartridge on the right or left side or of two side cartridges allows the user to lower his head easily, which improves the user's comfort depending on the proposed training scenario. A cartridge may also be positioned on the front face. The filter cartridge 7 may be equipped with the controlled opening valve 5 which directs the outside air towards the face. Optionally, the filter cartridge 7 may be equipped with an odor generator 12, for example one or more gas capsules or pellets releasing a specific odor, for example via the controlled opening valve 5 into the incoming air flow.

[0033] Advantageously, the filter cartridge 7 may include a battery 13. The capacities of the batteries available on the market offer limited autonomy for the operation of the entire NRBC-AR 2 mask. Since the filter cartridge 7 is removable, it is possible to replace the filter cartridge 7 during or between teaching sequences with another filter cartridge. Advantageously, the battery 13 may be rechargeable. Alternatively, the NRBC-AR 2 mask may be connected to external batteries transportable by belt or shoulder strap, or inside a bag. Advantageously, these battery sets (by cartridges or external) can power an NRBC-AR 2 mask with the possibility of adjusting and adapting the number of batteries according to the desired duration to cover the entire duration of a training and practice session.The filter cartridge 7 can be connected to the electronic card 17 by a cartridge interface 19 such as a wired connection, for example USB (Universal Serial Bus) type C (i.e. USB-C standard).

[0034] The unused right 70, face 71 and left 72 connectors are generally fitted with a blanking plug or an air evacuation valve 73.

[0035] The right 70, face 71 and left 72 connectors can also be used to couple a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) type device (not shown).

[0036] The Figure FIG. 12 is a schematic front perspective view illustrating an NRBC-AR mask 2 according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention in which the mask is coupled to an external respirator 80 via a flexible tube 81 and the controlled opening valve 5. This exemplary embodiment differs from the exemplary embodiment of Figures FIG. 1 à FIG. 6 in that the controlled opening valve 5 is offset in the external respirator 80. According to the example presented, the external respirator 80 can be provided with the filter cartridge 7 (dotted) and the odor generator 12. In the example, the battery 13 is positioned in a defined area of ​​the first part 2A. According to another example not presented, the external respirator 80 can be of the isolated breathing apparatus ARI type without filter cartridge, since the air then comes from a bottle.

[0037] The virtual reality headset VR of the second part 2B comprises a virtual reality screen 3 of panoramic type having a large field of vision. It further comprises a binocular optic comprising lenses 15A, 15B allowing optical correction to eliminate any risk of distorted vision. It comprises the graphics processing module 9 comprising the graphics microprocessor. Position sensors 18 are integrated into the virtual reality headset VR of the second part 2B or in the first part of 2A, such as gyroscope, magnetometer and accelerometer to detect the movements and gestures of the user. They are advantageously integrated into the electronic card 17 (see FIG. 6 ). These movements and gestures are applied to the images recalculated in real time by the graphics microprocessor based on the information transmitted by the position sensors to match the user's movements and gestures. Finally, it includes at least one VR virtual reality camera, advantageously four cameras 16A, 16B, 16C and 16D connected to the graphics microprocessor to integrate interactions with objects of the type containing 30 (see FIG.7 And FIG. 9 ) or detector 40 (see FIG.7 And FIG. 10 ) and apply them to the recalculated images in real time. The VR virtual reality headset also includes an audio module 14, for example at least one earphone, preferably one on each side of the face substantially at the height of the user's ears.

[0038] The second part 2B may be made of the same material as the first part 2A. Alternatively, it may have an external overmolding made of flexible materials and may withstand stressful drives, for example impacts, without affecting the operation of the components of the helmet.

[0039] Advantageously, the mask substantially integrates at the level of the second part 2B the electronic card 17. The electronic card 17 comprises the graphics processing module 9, the main processing module 8 and the memory 10. The graphics processing module 9 comprises the graphics microprocessor dedicated to the virtual reality screen 3, and is connected to the audio module 14 and to the virtual reality cameras 16A, 16B, 16C and 16D. The main processing module 8 comprises the main microprocessor dedicated to the operating system, to the control of the execution of the training and practice scenario, to the reception of the measurements from the biometric sensor(s) 6, to the control of the stress actuator(s) 4, to the control of the cartridge (valve 5 and odor generator 12) and to the management of the connection to the outside 11.The memory 10 is connected to the main processing module 8 and contains at least the virtual reality scenario 52 loaded for the current training and practice session. In a particular embodiment, if the memory is sufficiently large, the memory may include a library comprising several virtual reality scenarios.

[0040] The external connection 11 can be wired or wireless, for example USB, mini-USB, standardized Ethernet cabling (eg RJ45), Wi-Fi (from the English Wireless Fidelity), Bluetooth (registered name), etc.

[0041] The NRBC-AR 2 mask may include a hydration device allowing the user to hydrate throughout a training exercise (not shown in the figures). The NRBC-AR 2 mask may be equipped with other accessories (not shown) to adapt to the operational conditions of training and practice, such as a harness, voice amplifier and microphone, under-mask vision device, communication device for multi-participant exercises, an interface with personal protective equipment PPE, and an interface with means appropriate to the NRBC risks and threats considered in the training scenario (e.g. detector), etc.

[0042] The Figure FIG. 7 is an overall schematic view of an embodiment of the CBRN risk and threat training system 1, illustrating the complete system with its constituent elements and their functions, namely a CBRN-AR mask 2, a control module 50, a container-type object 30, a detector-type object 40 interconnected by a wireless router 60 (i.e. WiFi). The figure FIG. 8 schematically illustrates the constituent elements and functions of the NRBC-AR mask 2. Figure FIG. 9 schematically illustrates the constituent elements and functions of an object of type containing 30. The figure FIG. 10 schematically illustrates the constituent elements and functions of a detector-type object 40.

[0043] It should be noted that in the training system according to the invention, the execution of a virtual reality scenario does not necessarily make use of all the elements, only the NRBC-AR mask 2 is essential. For example, in a training scenario for recognition in a burning building for a user having the function of firefighter, the NRBC-AR mask 2 simulates the heat by activating the stress actuator 4 of the heating resistor type, the emanations of gas and smoke by blurring the images on the virtual reality screen 3 and the reduction of the oxygen saturation by reducing the air flow via the controlled opening valve 5.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the CBRN risk and threat training system 1, the CBRN-AR mask 2, the container-type object 30 and the detector-type object 40 are interconnected wired (e.g. USB cable) or wirelessly (e.g. WiFi router). A user in training or training puts on the CBRN-AR mask 2. An instructor / trainer has a control module 50, for example a digital tablet or a computer. The control module 50 includes a library 51 comprising at least one virtual reality scenario 52. The scenario or scenarios proposed by the instructor / trainer in a CBRN environment make it possible to recreate events of a nuclear, radiological, biological, chemical and explosive nature. For example, for the training and training of firefighters, the scenarios can simulate cellar, kitchen, bedroom and stairwell fires.The exercise is led and controlled by a firefighter designated as the instructor / trainer. As part of the training or drill, he can be in radio contact with the user, carry out the different phases planned by the educational scenario or let the scenario evolve automatically, and intervene at any time with the user to reframe the exercise.

[0045] It is understood that the user of the NRBC-AR 2 mask can also be equipped with a complete NRBC outfit (not shown in the drawings) in order to best simulate an intervention context with NRBC risks and threats. Once the helmet is positioned on the user's face and the complete NRBC outfit is closed, during training and practice sessions, if a situation requires stopping the exercise, the cameras of the virtual reality headset, the audio module and the speakers can allow a visual and auditory exchange with an instructor / trainer without having to completely undress the NRBC outfit.

[0046] The constituent elements and functions of the NRBC-AR mask 2 illustrated in the figure FIG. 8 comprise the graphics microprocessor in a VR control board (graphics processing module 9) connected by a wired network to the main microprocessor (main processing module 8). The graphics microprocessor in the VR control board is connected to the gyroscope, the accelerometer (position sensors 18), the audio module 14, the virtual reality cameras 16, 16A, 16B, 16C and 16D. It controls the virtual reality screen 3, i.e. the light intensity, the balance (to cause visual disturbances) and a retinal reader. The main microprocessor 8 is connected to the oxygen saturation sensors, pulse sensor and temperature sensor (biometric sensor 6), a power unit connected to a heating resistor (the stress actuator 4), a communication interface (wired or wireless connection 11, for example USB, Bluetooth, WiFi), to the filter cartridge 7 via a cartridge interface 19 and its appropriate connection (egUSB-C). The NRBC-AR 2 mask can also include 21 left and right speaker sets connected to a left and right jack socket respectively.

[0047] The container type object 30 is intended to represent any object and its contents, for example a gaseous, liquid or solid product. The detector type object 40 is intended to represent sampling equipment, a chemical / biological or radiation detector / analyzer.

[0048] The constituent elements and functions of the container type object 30 illustrated in the figure FIG. 9 or the detector type object 40 illustrated in the figure FIG. 10 may comprise a main processing module comprising a secondary microprocessor B for the container 31C and a secondary microprocessor C for the detector 31B, a battery 32, a screen 33, a keyboard 34, a communication interface 35, an audio module 36, a microphone 37, a proximity sensor 38, a gyroscope 39, a level sensor 41, a humidity sensor 42, an accelerometer 43, a weight sensor 44, an analog input 45, a haptic sensor 46, a light-emitting diode 47 (eg IR LED), a temperature sensor 48, a laser 49, a camera 54, a vibrator 55 and a power unit connected to a heating resistor, motor or other current consumer 56.

[0049] Whether it is the container type object 30 or the detector type object 40, they are equipped with the same electronic structure to represent a kind of universal object to which a specific function will be attributed according to the training and practice scenario envisaged.

[0050] According to a particular embodiment in which the container type object 30 illustrated in the figure FIG. 9 represents a container filled with chemical in the scenario, only the proximity sensors 38, gyroscope 39 and level sensor 41 are activated (the constituent elements or activated functions are surrounded by a broken line). The proximity sensor 38 is used to detect the approach of the user (or an object held by the user or the user's hand). The gyroscope 39 is used to detect whether the container has been overturned. The level sensor 41 is used to simulate the liquid level during handling.

[0051] According to another particular embodiment in which the detector-type object 40 illustrated in the figure FIG. 10 represents a radiation detector (i.e. Geiger counter) in the scenario, only the audio module 36, the proximity sensor 38 and the vibrator 55 are activated (the constituent elements or activated functions are surrounded by a broken line). The proximity sensor 38 makes it possible to detect the approach of a typical object containing the detector held by the user. The audio module 36 and the vibrator 55 make it possible, through sounds and vibrations, to simulate the intensity of the radiation measured by the detector.

[0052] The Figure FIG. 11schematically illustrates a training method using the NRBC risk and threat training system according to the invention. This method is implemented by a computer program for training in nuclear, radiological, biological, chemical NRBC risks. A virtual reality scenario 52 is chosen (step S1) from a scenario library 51, then loaded (step S2) into the NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask 2. The virtual reality scenario 52 is executed (EXEC - step S3) by broadcasting images to a user wearing the NRBC-AR augmented virtual reality mask 2. In real time and continuously, at least one physiological parameter PP of the user is measured (MES PP - step S4) during the execution of said virtual reality scenario 52. This or these physiological parameters PP are compared (COMP PP % PPRef - step S5) to at least one reference physiological value PPRef.Reference physiological values ​​PPRef are stored in a database PPDB. The virtual reality scenario 52 is adapted in real time based on this comparison by controlling in real time the stress state of the user, either by adapting at least one interior environmental parameter of the NRBC-AR mask 2 (ADAP 4 / 5? - step S6), or by adapting the virtual reality scenario 52 itself (ADAP SCENn? - step S8), or both. It is possible to modify (MOD 4 / 5 - step S7) at least one interior environmental parameter of the NRBC-AR mask 2, by acting on an actuator 4 or on the valve of the cartridge 5 as explained previously. It is also possible to modify (SCENn+1- step S9) the virtual reality scenario 52 proposed to the user, for example for a scenario more suited to the user's skill level. The execution of the virtual reality scenario is continued until its completion with the new data.The measured physiological parameters PP of the user such as adaptations of the environmental parameters and / or adaptations of the scenario can advantageously be recorded during the execution of the virtual reality scenario 52 in a recording (LOG - step S10).

[0053] The training system and method 1 can be controlled in several ways: either in a so-called “manual” mode where an instructor controls the entire course of the training session via the control module (PC or tablet) 50, in which case it is the instructor who decides on the execution of steps S6 and S8; or in a so-called “autonomous” mode without an instructor and without a control module (PC or tablet) 50 where the entire course of the training session is decided by the automatic execution of steps S6 and S8 based on reference data and thresholds provided in the virtual reality scenario 52; or in a so-called “intelligent” mode in which the instructor is replaced by a control module (PC or tablet) 50 capable of producing intelligent behavior (egof the artificial intelligence type) where the entire course of the training session is decided by the automatic execution of steps S6 and S8 based on reference data and thresholds provided in the virtual reality scenario 52 and an evolving database making it possible to avoid the repeatability of events during the execution of a scenario.

[0054] The training system 1 can be calibrated to experiment with a large number of specific cases, in particular in the event of user error during a training session or even to test the user against complications. In addition, the training system 1 makes it possible to recreate the stress and physical and mental pressure of a real situation, through heat, sounds, air regulation, and rendering of the field of vision. With the training system 1, during a training session, the user can learn techniques and methods, and become aware of the errors made during virtual immersions without this being fatal (injury, accident, etc.) and thus allow them to be avoided in real intervention.The scenarios implemented by the training system 1 can cover various situations such as accidents of all types, natural disasters, attacks, rescue operations, military theaters of operation and their specific missions. The scenarios allow to understand risk identification, CBRN recognition, CBRN analysis, interventions in contaminated environments, doctrines for implementing health countermeasures, principles of victim care, damage control, design and implementation of emergency plans. The training and exercises are aimed at crisis managers, agents of the ministries of the interior, defense, justice, managers of industrial establishments responsible for security, trainers in health education, etc.

[0055] The drawings and their description above illustrate rather than limit the invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are suitable for use in training a user, it can also be used to train a group of users, each user having his own NRBC-AR mask. It is also possible for the system to comprise several objects of the container type or of the detector type depending on the scenario envisaged.

Claims

1. A training system (1) in chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear CBRN risk using a virtual reality scenario (52), characterized in that the system (1) comprises a CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality mask (2) including : - a virtual reality screen (3) ; - at least one graphics processing module (9) comprising a graphics microprocessor for broadcasting images of the virtual reality scenario (52) on the virtual reality screen (3) ; - at least one main processing module (8) comprising a main microprocessor ; - a memory (10) comprising the, at least one, virtual reality scenario (52) ; - at least one biometric sensor (6) measuring a physiological parameter of a user of the CBRN-AR mask (2) during the execution of said virtual reality scenario (52) ; et - at least one stress actuator (4) modifying an internal environmental parameter of the CBRN-AR mask (2) during the execution of said virtual reality scenario (52), said stress actuator (4) comprising a controlled opening valve (5) which directs air towards the interior of the CBRN-AR mask (2) so as to regulate an incoming air flow ; the main microprocessor of the main processing module (8) is arranged for : - controlling the graphics microprocessor of the graphics processing module (9) to broadcast said virtual reality scenario (52) on the virtual reality screen (3) ; - comparing the physiological parameter (PP) of the user with a reference physiological value (PPRef) ; and - adapting said virtual reality scenario (52) in real time by controlling the stress actuator (4) in real time to modify at least one internal environmental parameter of the CBRN-AR mask (2), said modification of at least one internal environmental parameter of the mask consisting at least in operating the controlled opening valve (5) to regulate the flow of incoming air flow so as to reduce the arrival of air flow to increase a state of stress of the user or to increase the arrival of air flow to reduce said state of stress of the user.

2. The training system of claim 1, wherein the biometric sensor (6) is selected from a pulse sensor, a body temperature sensor, a sensor for measuring blood oxygen saturation, electrodes for measuring the electrical activity of the brain, a sensor for measuring respiratory rate, a sensor for measuring the diameter of the pupil, and / or a sensor for measuring the electrodermal conductance.

3. The training system according to anyone of claims 1 to 2, wherein the stress actuator (4) further comprises a heating resistor and / or an electrode generating an electric discharge.

4. The training system of claim 1, wherein the CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality mask (2) further comprises a filter cartridge (7), said filter cartridge (7) being equipped with the controlled opening valve (5).

5. The training system of claim 1, wherein the CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality mask (2) is coupled to an external respirator (80) via the controlled opening valve (5).

6. The training system according to anyone of claims 4 to 5, wherein the filter cartridge (7) or the external respirator (80) is equipped with an odor generator (12), for example one or more gas capsules or tablets releasing a specific odor.

7. The training system of claim 4, wherein the filter cartridge (7) includes a battery (13).

8. The training system according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, wherein the CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality mask (2) comprise an electronic board (17) integrating the graphics processing module (9), the main processing module (8) and the memory (10), said electronic board (17) being connected to at least one virtual reality camera (16A, 16B, 16C,16D), at least one audio module (14), and / or at least one wired or wireless connection (11) integrated into said CBRN-AR mask (2).

9. The training system according to anyone of claims 1 to 8, comprising a control module (50) interconnected with the CBRN-AR mask (2), the control module (50) comprising a library (51) comprising virtual reality scenarios, at least one virtual reality scenario (52) being uploaded to the memory (10) of the augmented virtual reality CBRN-AR mask (2) before the execution of said virtual reality scenario (52).

10. The training system according to anyone of claims 1 to 9, comprising at least one container-type object (30) and at least one detector-type object (40) interconnected together as well as with the control module (50) and the CBRN-AR mask (2).

11. The training system of claim 10, wherein each of the objects of container-type (30) and detector-type (40) includes a secondary microprocessor (31B, 31C) connected to a plurality of sensors and actuators, the secondary microprocessor (31B, 31C) being arranged to activate one or more functions of said sensors and actuators during the execution of said virtual reality scenario (52).

12. A computer program for training in chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear CBRN risk using a virtual reality scenario (52), the computer program comprising program code instructions for the execution of following steps when the program is executed by a microprocessor of a training system comprising a CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality mask (2): - executing a virtual reality scenario (52) by broadcasting images to a user wearing the CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality mask (2) ; - measuring in real time at least one physiological parameter (PP) of a user during the execution of said virtual reality scenario (52) ; - comparing the, at least one, physiological parameter of the user (PP) with a, at least one, reference physiological value (PPRef) ; and - adapting said virtual reality scenario (52) in real time by controlling a state of stress of the user in real time by modifying at least one internal environmental parameter of the CBRN-AR augmented virtual reality mask (2) during the execution of said virtual reality scenario (52), said modification of at least one internal environmental parameter of the mask consisting at least in regulating the flow of incoming air flow inside the CBRN-AR mask (2) so as to reduce the arrival of air flow to increase the state of stress of the user or to increase the arrival of air flow to reduce said state of stress of the user.

13. A computer program for training in chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear CBRN risk using a virtual reality scenario (52) of claim 12, wherein said modification of at least one internal environmental parameter inside the mask may also consist of heating the air inside the mask and / or generating an electric discharge inside the mask.