Luminous glazing for a vehicle and its manufacture

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to luminous glazing for vehicles, in particular road vehicle glazing with light-emitting diodes.

[0002] Light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, have been used for several years to illuminate signaling devices (traffic lights, etc.), turn signals, and position lights on motor vehicles. The advantages of LEDs are their long lifespan, luminous efficacy, robustness, low energy consumption, and compact size, making the equipment using them more durable and requiring less maintenance. More recently, LEDs have been used in automotive roofs, particularly panoramic laminated roofs with LED lighting, as described in this document. The light emitted by the LEDs is introduced edge-on into the inner glass, which acts as a guide, and is then diffused from the glass by a coating on the glazing.

[0003] To improve light extraction, document WO2008059170 proposes a car roof incorporating an optical insulating layer in the form of a 400nm porous silica sol gel layer between the interlayer of tinted thermoplastic laminate and the internal light-guide glass.

[0004] WO 2015 / 118279 A1 discloses a luminous vehicle glazing comprising laminated glazing having a first sheet of mineral glass; a second sheet of mineral glass, having a refractive index n1 of less than 1.6 at 550 nm; a first polymer laminate interlayer in adhesive contact between the two sheets of glass; an optical insulating layer optically isolating the second sheet from the first sheet, with a refractive index n2 at 550 nm such that n1-n2 is at least 0.08, the optical insulating layer having a thickness of at least 600 nm; a light source in optical coupling with the second sheet forming a light guide; preferably means for extracting guided light in the second sheet; said glazing being characterized in that the optical insulating layer comprises a fluoropolymer-based film.

[0005] The present invention therefore sought to develop an alternative luminous vehicle glazing.

[0006] To this end, the present invention relates to a luminous glazing for vehicles, particularly road vehicles (cars, trucks, public transport: buses, coaches, etc.) or railway vehicles (trains, subways, trams), preferably curved, in particular a windshield, or even a rear window, or even a side window, preferably a roof, comprising laminated (curved) glazing - transparent at least in one part of the glass area - comprising: a first sheet (curved, domed, transparent), preferably made of mineral or organic glass, possibly tinted, in particular (glass) grey or green or clear, with a first main face and a second main face bare or coated with a functional coating (transparent), in particular of no more than 200nm, first sheet, preferably made of mineral glass, in particular if intended to be the outer sheet (in particular the first face oriented towards the outside of the vehicle and even being the outer face, often called face F1 and the second face being face F2, bare or coated with said transparent functional coating, in particular electroconductive (solar control etc) if clear glass) or even first sheet intended to be the inner sheet, possibly tempered, for road glazing with a thickness preferably of no more than 2.5mm, even of no more than 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - and even of a thickness of at least 0.7mm,for example, a second sheet (curved, domed, transparent), made of mineral or organic glass, preferably extra clear, with a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 in the visible range, with a third main face and a fourth main face preferably bare or coated with a functional (transparent) coating preferably of no more than 400nm or 200nm, the second sheet preferably made of mineral glass, in particular tempered mineral glass if intended to be the outer sheet, or the second sheet intended to be the inner sheet, the third face oriented outwards often called face F3 of the vehicle and the fourth face towards the passenger compartment called face F4 with said functional coating in particular electroconductive (low emissivity, , sheet in particular of a thickness of at least 0.7mm (to promote light guidance),possibly less than that of the first sheet of glass if the second sheet is intended to be the inner sheet, even by no more than 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - or even by no more than 1.3mm or no more than 1mm, the total thickness of the first and second sheets of glass preferably being strictly less than 5 or 4mm, even 3.7mm, the first and second sheets being in particular substantially identical in size, for example of a general rectangular shape, the first sheet (if outer) may be larger than the second sheet (if inner), thus exceeding this second sheet on at least part of its perimeter, possibly the second sheet (passenger compartment side) being smaller with an edge set back in particular by no more than 10 or 5cm from the edge of the first sheet of glass, on one or more edges (longitudinal and / or lateral) in particular or on the entire perimeter,particularly useful when the second sheet is optically coupled by its peripheral edge to a light source. a polymer laminate interlayer (transparent) in adhesive contact with the third bare or coated face and with the second bare or coated face, Preferably, at least one of the first and second glass panes intended to be the outer glazing is made of mineral glass; the thickness of the layer(s) between the second and third panes preferably being no more than 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, and in particular the thickness E0 of the lamination interlayer (of one or more thermoplastic adhesive layers and / or cross-linked polymer) being no more than 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, at least in the guide zone; the thickness between the first and fourth panes preferably being no more than 9 mm or 7 mm, particularly for a road vehicle (preferably on the third pane, in particular pane F3, bare or coated); between the second and third panes, an optical insulating layer (transparent), optically isolating the second pane from the first pane (in particular tinted) – and / or from a possibly tinted portion of the lamination interlayer – having a refractive index n1 in the visible spectrum with n0-n1 of at least 0,04 in the visible spectrum and even at least 0.1, optical insulating layer with a thickness of at least 500nm and better at least 800nm ​​and even 1µm or 30µm or 300µm.

[0007] The glazing preferably includes a light source (peripheral, preferably offset from the clear glass) optically coupled with the second pane forming (all or part) a light guide. The light source may be removable, added, sold separately, or as a kit. The glazing also preferably includes means for extracting guided light within the light guide. These extraction means may be temporary (removable stickers) and therefore added or replaced, particularly on the fourth surface (notably F4), or permanent, particularly on the third surface (notably F3).

[0008] Naturally, the second sheet is an operational light guide once their light source and extraction means are mounted.

[0009] The optical insulating layer according to the invention is an adhesive layer made of cross-linked polymer material, forming all or part of the lamination interlayer.

[0010] The invention lies in the choice of a transparent adhesive layer for the optical insulating layer, thus adhering to the glass sheets and / or other interlayers if necessary, depending on its mechanical performance and its adhesion to the sheets. The optical insulating layer is preferably a single layer for simplicity, or even a multilayer cross-linked polymer (all with low refractive indices). A low refractive index coating (with a refractive index between n0 and n1 or equal to n1) can be used between the optical insulating layer and the third surface as a primary adhesion layer, or a porous (nanoporous) silica layer. Preferably, the optical insulating layer is on the bare third surface, or even on a transparent coating (for example, with a refractive index greater than n0) if necessary.

[0011] The optical insulating layer preferably extends at least over a so-called guidance zone in the guide which is between a light injection zone in the guide and a light extraction zone of the guide and even covering the light extraction zone by being closer to the second face than the light extraction means (which are within the second sheet or in contact with the third face (F3 in particular) or the fourth face (F4 in particular), on the third face or the fourth face on one face of a thermoplastic film, adhesive such as polyvinyl butyral PVB or non-adhesive such as polyester, polyethylene terephthalate PET, oriented towards the third face).

[0012] The outer edge or edge of the optical insulating layer and even of the lamination interlayer, may be offset from the clear glass, in particular the optical insulating layer extending under an internal peripheral masking layer between the second face and the optical insulating layer.

[0013] The optical insulating layer can be combined with one or more other thermoplastic and / or crosslinked polymer adhesive layers, while maintaining an interlayer that is as compact, mechanically efficient, and transparent as possible.

[0014] The optical insulating layer is an optically clear adhesive (OCA, LOCA if liquid) with a low refractive index. It can be a single layer, which is a self-supporting film or a coating on the second or third surface (bare or coated) or on a substrate (e.g., thermoplastic, with a higher refractive index, particularly non-adhesive, such as polyester or PET). It can also be a multilayer (multi-layer or a film and a coating), as detailed later. If sufficiently thick, the outermost portion of the optical insulating layer (the portion furthest from the third surface) is primarily responsible for adhesion and glazing cohesion.

[0015] In the present invention, the term cross-linked polymer refers to the family of thermosetting polymers in the broad sense.

[0016] In the present invention, the term tempered glass means thermally tempered glass in the absence of any further specification, and preferably tempered glass during a glass bending operation.

[0017] Preferably the refractive index of any layer according to the invention is defined for a reference value in a range of 550 and 600nm.

[0018] Preferably the invention relates to a road vehicle roof, the second face is face F2 and the third face is face F3.

[0019] One of the following arrangements is envisaged, which may be cumulative.

[0020] In a first configuration, for simplicity and / or for guidance limited to the second sheet, the optical insulating layer is (preferably) in adhesive contact with the third surface (bare or coated, for example, with a low-index transparent layer and / or adhesion primer). Alternatively, particularly for mechanical and / or adhesion reinforcement, the optical insulating layer is preferably in adhesive contact with an underlying adhesive layer, referred to as the lower (transparent) layer, made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer. In particular, the lower adhesive layer (preferably a single or multilayer film or sheet) guides a portion of the rays and, to avoid partially absorbing these rays, is preferably colorless (especially extra-clear), and has a refractive index n2 greater than n1 in the visible spectrum (preferably n2-n1 of at least 0.04 or at least 0.1).In particular, the lower adhesive layer is in adhesive contact with the third face (bare or coated) and preferably of a thickness of no more than 0.4mm (to gain in compactness), in particular a layer based on PVB (preferably with plasticizers) or EVA if second sheet in mineral glass or based on thermoplastic polyurethane TPU if in organic glass such as polycarbonate PC.

[0021] Furthermore, cumulatively or alternatively to the first configuration or its alternative, the optical insulating layer is preferably in adhesive contact with the second (bare or coated) surface or with an overlying (transparent) adhesive layer, referred to as the top layer, made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer (tinted or colorless). The top adhesive layer (preferably a single or multilayer film or sheet) is in adhesive contact with the second surface and is preferably no more than 0.4 mm thick (to improve compactness), in particular a layer based on PVB (preferably with plasticizers) or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).

[0022] According to one embodiment, the interlayer mainly comprises or is made up of an upper adhesive layer (preferably film(s)), an optical insulating layer (preferably film or layer on a substrate) and a lower adhesive layer (preferably film(s)), in particular an optical insulating layer (preferably film or layer on a polymer substrate, in particular polyester, PET) in contact with an upper thermoplastic adhesive layer (preferably film(s)) and a lower thermoplastic adhesive layer (preferably film(s)) or in contact with an upper thermoplastic adhesive layer and a lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer or in contact with an upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer and a lower thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0023] The interlayer may consist mainly of these three adhesive layers in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulating layer, for example thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or the interlayer may consist (entirely) of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0024] The preferred interlayer mainly comprises, or is, the following sequence of adhesive layers between the second and third faces (with or without a functional element within the upper adhesive layer or optical insulator layer): top adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer PVB or top adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer preferably thermoplastic polyurethane TPU if second sheet in organic glass or top adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer crosslinked polymer or top adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer PVB or top adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer TPU if organic glass or top adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0025] Preferably, the upper and / or lower interlayer (in foil form) made of PVB comprises 70% to 75% PVB, 25% to 30% plasticizer, and less than 1% additives. However, PVB foils with low plasticizer content (notably less than 5%) or without plasticizer, such as the "MOWITAL LP BF" film from KURARAY, also exist.

[0026] More simply, the interlayer can primarily comprise the optical insulating layer (preferably a film or a layer on a polymer substrate, particularly polyester or PET) and at most a thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (preferably film(s)), particularly PVB or EVA, between the second and third faces. The lamination interlayer preferably comprises primarily, or is, the following sequence of adhesive layers (with or without a functional element within the upper adhesive layer or even the optical insulating layer) between the second and third faces: top adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / optical insulator layer top adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / optical insulator layer optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer TPU if organic glass optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer PVB optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0027] The interlayer may mainly comprise these two adhesive layers in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulating layer, for example thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or the interlayer may consist (entirely) of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0028] The lamination interlayer may be devoid of a thermoplastic adhesive layer (over its entire surface) such as PVB, EVA, or TPU, particularly in adhesive contact with the second and / or third face. The lamination interlayer specifically comprises the following sequence of adhesive layers between the second and third faces: top adhesive layer cross-linked polymer / optical insulator layer or optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer cross-linked polymer.

[0029] The interlayer may mainly comprise these two cross-linked polymer adhesive layers in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulator layer, for example thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or the interlayer may consist (entirely) of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0030] The optical insulating layer (preferably a single layer, film or coating on a polymer substrate, or a multilayer) may be in adhesive contact with the second face (bare or coated with a functional coating, in particular one of no more than 200 nm) and with the third face (bare or coated with a functional coating, in particular one of no more than 200 nm). The interlayer may mainly comprise this optical insulating layer in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulating layer, for example, a thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or may consist (entirely) of this adhesive layer without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0031] The lamination interlayer (single-layer or multi-layer as already seen) may be devoid of local adhesive layer in contact with the second and third faces around the perimeter of the optical insulating layer and even of the other adhesive layer(s) (lower or upper).

[0032] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (optical insulating layer, lower and / or upper adhesive layers, etc.) can contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s) and even at most 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives.

[0033] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may contain a main polymer (or base polymer) of at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s).

[0034] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may include other additives (preferably less than 10%, 5%, or 1% by weight of layer) such as at least one of the following: crosslinking agent for example photoinitiators (residual), plasticizers (for more flexibility) adhesion promoters additives for durability.

[0035] The degree of polymerization or even crosslinking of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%; the layer material may therefore contain residual prepolymers, monomers, and oligomers. The layer can be analyzed by NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) after crosslinking to determine the degree of polymerization. A mixture of polymers may be present.

[0036] If necessary, for example in the event of a chemical incompatibility issue, the interlayer may incorporate a barrier film (in particular a non-adhesive (thermo)plastic film) between the optical insulating layer and the upper adhesive layer (and / or respectively between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer). The barrier layer, in particular a thermoplastic one, is at least the same size as the optical insulating layer. Preferably, the upper adhesive layer (and / or the lower adhesive layer) extends beyond the edge of the optical insulating layer (and the barrier film). A peripheral framing adhesive layer may be placed around the perimeter of the optical insulating layer (in particular a thermoplastic film) made of the same material as the upper (and / or lower) adhesive layer and even the barrier film.

[0037] More broadly, the lamination interlayer can incorporate one or more functional (non-adhesive) elements above or even within the optical insulating layer (and possibly within the upper or even lower adhesive layer) which do not participate (significantly) in the "cohesion" of the glazing.

[0038] One or more functional elements may be under or within a top adhesive layer (thermoplastic or crosslinked material), within a bottom adhesive layer or even within the optical insulating layer, particularly in an upper part of the optical insulating layer which is beyond the minimum functional thickness of 600nm or 800nm.

[0039] For example, the lamination interlayer (mono or multilayer) may incorporate one or more functional elements (preferably functional films) in particular of subcentimeter thickness and even of no more than 0.6mm or 0.5mm or 0.3 or 0.2mm, and preferably of at least 30 or 40 or 50µm, preferably chosen from at least one of the following functional films: Functional film (transparent, flexible, colorless or tinted), in particular polymer, selected from: polymer support (thermoplastic, in particular polyester, PET) coated with the optical insulating layer which is in the form of a coating (preferably a single layer), support between the second face (in particular F2) and the optical insulating layer and possibly with the main face adhesive to the second face (by a cross-linked polymer layer forming, for example, a top adhesive layer) or in adhesive contact with the top adhesive layer, in particular thermoplastic, and / or athermal film, reflecting infrared (solar control), and / or heating, for example, polymer substrate (in particular polyester, PET) with an electroconductive coating (transparent), in particular with a thickness of no more than 0.4 mm, in particular local or extending over almost the entire glazing, in particular opposite or offset from the propagation zone, means of light extraction,between the second face (which is face F2) and the optical insulating layer, possibly separate from or supporting the optical insulating layer with the electroconductive coating on the opposite side (towards face F3) and / or the aforementioned barrier film, at least one optical film which is an extraction film, in particular a polymer (for example thermoplastic or thermoset), forming means for extracting guided light (in a lower adhesive layer), for example with reliefs and / or diffusing in volume or on the surface (by a diffusing layer), extraction film on or within the lower adhesive layer, in particular a film and even a thermoplastic, preferably a polymer extraction film between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer or within the lower adhesive layer and facing the optical insulating layer (rather than offset from the optical insulating layer), and / or a so-called redirecting film, in particular a polymer (for example thermoplastic or thermoset),forming a means of light redirection (from the light source on the fourth surface or even offset from the glazing), local, (for example textured, on or within the lower adhesive layer, preferably a redirecting film between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer or within the lower adhesive layer and facing the optical insulating layer (rather than offset from the optical insulating layer), electronic device (more or less extensive) chosen from at least one of the following devices: sensors; electrically controlled device with variable tint and / or diffusion, additional diodes (emitting towards the first or second sheet), particularly local or extending over almost the entire glazing, particularly facing or offset from the propagation zone, means of light extraction, between the second surface and the optical insulating layer.

[0040] In particular, the top adhesive layer may consist of two thermoplastic films—or sheets—for example, made of PVB (or a pressure-sensitive, thermo-crosslinked adhesive) and larger than the functional element (notably an electronic device or athermal film), with the functional element sandwiched between these two sheets. Specifically, for a functional element (polymer film, electronic device, etc.) at least 0.4 mm thick, a peripheral intermediate sheet made of the same material as the two sheets, particularly PVB (or a pressure-sensitive, thermo-crosslinked adhesive), surrounds and touches the edge of the functional element and is positioned between the two sheets, extending beyond and in contact with them. This peripheral intermediate sheet forms part of the lamination interlayer. For a functional element 0.4 mm or less thick, and even 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm, the thermoplastic material may flow sufficiently.

[0041] In particular, the lower adhesive layer may consist of two thermoplastic films—or sheets—for example, made of PVB, EVA, or TPU (or of a pressure-sensitive, thermo-crosslinked adhesive), larger than the redirection film, and the redirection film is sandwiched between these two sheets. Furthermore, an intermediate peripheral sheet of the same material as the two sheets, such as a thermoplastic made of PVB, EVA, or TPU (or of a pressure-sensitive, thermo-crosslinked adhesive), surrounds and touches the edge of the redirection film and extends beyond and is in contact with these two sheets. This intermediate peripheral sheet forms part of the lamination interlayer.

[0042] Preferably, for any functional element (particularly a polymer film) according to the invention, a thickness of at least 30, 40, or 50 µm is preferred for ease of handling during assembly, and preferably a thickness of at most 500, 400, or 300 µm. In particular, a functional element (particularly a polymer film, electronic device) with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, or 0.2 mm does not require a peripheral intermediate layer.

[0043] If a support (polymer, non-adhesive, for example polyester, PET) is used for the optical insulating layer (support with high or low refractive index relative to the second sheet) in the form of a coating, the support is preferably further away than the optical insulating layer from the third face (especially face F3).

[0044] The functional polymer film (polymer support, optical film: extractor, redirector, barrier film) is for example thermoplastic (flexible, curved following the curvature of the glazing), in particular non-adhesive to glass, is for example: polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT, poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), polyimide (PI), polyurethane (PU) or cellulose triacetate (TAC), acrylic, polyolefin in particular polypropylene (PP) polycarbonate (PC) or PMMA, film (coextruded) in PET-PMMA poly(vinyl chloride) PVC.

[0045] With a functional polymer film in PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is preferred (for greater chemical compatibility) as the lower or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0046] For the athermal film, one can use, for example, a clear coated PET film, such as XIR from Eastman, or a PET-PMMA co-extruded film, such as 3M® SRF. Naturally, a functional polymer film can be multifunctional (support, barrier, optical, etc.).

[0047] The extraction film can have a custom extent. It can be localized or cover at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the clear glass area. The extraction film can have one or more localized extraction zones (textured, etc.) or occupy at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the clear glass area (and / or at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the transparent film surface). The extraction film can be the same size as, or smaller than, the underlying adhesive layer or the layer incorporating the extraction film.

[0048] Furthermore, the first sheet can be tinted and / or one or any layer according to the invention (heat-absorbing film, polymer backing, barrier film, top adhesive layer, etc.) above the optical insulating layer can be tinted and even locally opaque, excluding the clear glass area. The optical insulating layer itself can be tinted and even locally opaque, excluding the clear glass area. One or any layer of the laminate interlayer can be locally opaque (at the periphery), excluding the clear glass area. The heat-absorbing film, polymer backing, or barrier film can be tinted and even locally opaque (at the periphery), excluding the clear glass area.

[0049] To achieve this, any tinted layer, even locally opaque according to the invention (optical insulating layer and / or layer above the optical insulating layer), may comprise (in a polymer matrix) a coloring agent (organic or inorganic), in particular a molecular dye or an inorganic pigment. To achieve opacity, the amount of coloring agent can be increased. Preferably, the coloring agent is black.

[0050] The first layer can be clear glass with a functional athermal coating (solar control) on the second side, which is the F2 side. The optional top adhesive layer (thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer) is tinted or clear. The optical insulating layer limits the absorption of guided rays.

[0051] The first mineral glass sheet can be based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodocalcium, or even aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and preferably has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2O3) of at least 0.4% and preferably of no more than 1.5%.

[0052] To limit the absorption of guided rays, the second mineral glass layer may be based on silica, soda-lime, silica-soda-lime, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe₂O₃) by weight of no more than 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably no more than 0.03% (300 ppm) and no more than 0.015% (150 ppm), and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox potential of the second glass layer is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0053] A tinted film according to the invention (athermal film, polymer support, barrier film, top adhesive layer) can have a light transmission of at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20% and at least 5%.

[0054] The tinted optical insulating layer according to the invention can have a light transmission of at most 50%, 40%, 30%, or 20% and at least 5%. The first sheet can then be tinted or colorless and / or the upper adhesive layer tinted or colorless.

[0055] For a car roof, for example, a tinted film with a light transmission of less than 100% to 2% is chosen, or better yet, 28% to 8%.

[0056] Under the laminate interlayer (third side) one or more optical films, preferably local, such as those mentioned above in particular, can be added: extractor film, in contact with the third face (in particular F3) or via a local adhesive layer, preferably extractor film between the optical insulator layer and the third face or even offset from the optical insulator layer, in particular in contact with the optical insulator layer and / or redirector film, on the third face or via a local adhesive layer preferably between the optical insulator layer and the third face in particular in contact with the optical insulator layer.

[0057] Alternatively, the optical film(s) may be on the fourth surface. Several separate optical films can be distributed across the clear glass on the same surface, for example. The optical film can be a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer film.

[0058] When an optical film is placed on the third face (F3), it is preferred that it be local to increase the adhesive contact area of ​​the lamination interlayer (the optical insulating layer or the lower adhesive layer) with the third face.

[0059] The area of ​​the extraction film (local) can be significantly smaller than that of the second sheet. Advantageously, it should be less than 30%, preferably no more than 25%, and in particular between 1 and 10% of the area of ​​the second sheet. The extraction film can be any shape. It can cover the entire glass area, and even its edges can be under the internal masking layer.

[0060] Alternatively, the local optical film (extractor or redirector) can be bonded with a transparent adhesive layer, preferably having a refractive index close to n0. In this configuration, the adhesive layer can be part of a larger adhesive layer than the local optical film, for example, a PVB, TPU, or OCA film, thus forming an integral part of the aforementioned lower adhesive layer. Since this adhesive layer does not extend beyond the optical film, it can be considered part of the lamination interlayer. This adhesive layer can be surrounded by the optional lower adhesive layer, which may have a different thickness.

[0061] A thermoplastic polymer can also be used for the extractor film. Before contacting the second sheet, this polymer can be heated, at least locally, to its softening point, allowing it to be positioned on a lower thermoplastic adhesive layer. Yet another possibility is to form the extractor film by reaction injection molding (RIM) of a monomer mixture, resulting in the formation of a thermosetting polymer in situ.

[0062] The optical extractor or redirector film can also be placed between the optical insulating layer (film or coating on a polymer substrate, such as polyester or PET) and the lower adhesive layer, which may be a thermoplastic polymer (PVB, EVA, etc.) or a cross-linked polymer. The lower adhesive layer can be used to fix this film. The extent of the extractor film is customized.

[0063] Preferably, each local optical redirecting film is no more than 10cm wide, or no more than 5cm wide, or even no more than 2cm wide, and in particular, of a length similar to that of each custom linear light source, such as an array of diodes on a support. It could be a rectangular strip with rounded corners, for example.

[0064] The lamination interlayer (single or multilayer) can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0065] A total thickness of crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) (of the interlayer) according to the invention is preferred and can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0066] A total thickness or layer(s) of thermoplastic adhesive (interlayer) according to the invention may have a thickness (in microns) of at most 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800.

[0067] To facilitate manufacturing and for mechanical strength, the optical insulating layer in film form can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0068] The optical insulating layer, in the form of a coating on the second curved (domed) mineral glass sheet, can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 µm and at most 1100µm.

[0069] The optical insulating layer in the form of a coating on the second curved organic glass sheet can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and at most 1100.

[0070] It may be preferable to limit the thickness of the optical insulating layer (curable adhesive) deposited on curved glass to maintain the most consistent thickness possible across the entire guiding area. An alternative is to deposit the optical insulating layer by filling a cavity between the first and second sheets.

[0071] To facilitate manufacturing and for mechanical strength, the optical insulating layer assembly in the form of a coating on a polymer support, in particular polyester, PET (with a main opposite face possibly adhesive in cross-linked polymer material) can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and at most 1100.

[0072] Regarding optical properties, the optical insulating layer or even any crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic adhesive layer (lower and / or upper adhesive layer) or even the lamination interlayer can exhibit a light transmission of at least 85% or 90% and / or a blur of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%.

[0073] The glazing can have a transparency suitable for its use and even a blur of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%.

[0074] The second sheet can be made of organic glass, in particular polyurethane (PU) based typically with n0 of about 1.47, polycarbonate (PC) typically with n0 of about 1.59, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) typically with n0 of about 1.47, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with n0 of about 1.54.

[0075] Organic glass can be flexible to follow the curvature of the first curved sheet or even pre-formed.

[0076] We choose the lowest possible index n1 such that n0-n1 is at least 0.04.

[0077] With an organic glass such as PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or a crosslinked polymer material is preferred (for greater chemical compatibility) to PVB as the lower thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0078] The first sheet of glass can preferably be made of tempered glass if the second sheet is made of organic glass.

[0079] Let nm be the average refractive index of the optical insulating layer over a wavelength range A from 380 nm to 750 nm, and let x be the variation in refractive index of the optical insulating layer over range A. x is at most 30% of the difference n0 - nm, and even at most 20% or 10%, to control the color of the extracted light. This allows, in particular, limiting colorimetric variations between the color (if polychromatic, white, etc.) of the injected light and the extracted light, and even better color homogeneity between different extraction patterns at various distances from the light source.

[0080] In particular with n0 of 1.5 in the visible, the refractive index n1 in the visible especially at 550nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm and / or the average index nm can be less than or equal to 1.46, 1.45, 1.44, 1.43, 1.42, 1.41, 1.40, 1.39, 1.38, 1.37, 1.36, 1.35, 1.34, 1.33, 1.32, 1.31, 1.30, 1.29, 1.28, 1.27, 1.26, 1.25. In particular with n0 of at least 1.55 in the visible, the refractive index n1 in the visible especially at 550nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm can also be less than or equal to 1.50, 1.49, 1.48, 1.47.

[0081] In the case of a multilayer optical insulating layer, starting from the third face, one can have a constant refractive index with different materials or "a gradient of index that gets lower and lower.

[0082] The cross-linked polymer material of a cross-linked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (optical insulating layer, lower or upper adhesive layer, or even layers described later: framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer) is based on a cross-linked polymer (one or more cross-linked polymers), in particular essentially composed of cross-linked polymer. A cross-linked polymer material free of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reprotoxic agents (CMR agents) is preferred.

[0083] The optical insulating layer can have good adhesion to the glass (mineral or even organic) of the first and / or second sheet. The optical insulating layer, for example, achieves a peel strength for mineral glass (or organic glass) greater than 2N / mm, 3N / mm, 4N / mm, 5N / mm, 6N / mm, 7N / mm, 8N / mm, 9N / mm, 10N / mm.

[0084] Depending on one characteristic, the optical insulating layer alone (particularly the film) or in combination with a lower and / or upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, has a hardness ranging from 20,000 to 60,000 Shore A, especially if the lamination interlayer (preferably containing at least one cross-linked polymer adhesive film, and even at least 30 µm, 40 µm, or 50 µm thick) does not have a lower and / or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer. Thus, the cross-linked polymer adhesive layer is neither too soft nor too hard to prevent the propagation of cracks in the glass of one or more sheets in the event of an accident or breakage.

[0085] The hardness of the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (film or coating) is measured according to ASTM-D2240 on a reference sample with a thickness of 10 mm, the sample consisting of the crosslinked polymer adhesive material (preferably UVA photocrosslinked) after being poured in liquid form into a hollow mold.

[0086] According to another characteristic preferably cumulative to the previous one, said optical insulating layer alone (film in particular) or in combination with a lower and / or upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer has an elongation at break between 200% and 1000%, in particular between 250% and 1000%, preferably between 300% and 1000%.

[0087] The optical insulating layer (liquid deposition on first and / or second sheet or on support) can be crosslinked all or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheets (in particular mineral glass sheets).

[0088] The optical insulating layer (in film form) can be crosslinked all or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheets of glass.

[0089] Lamination in the absence of thermoplastic material is achieved by at least one vacuum under pressure.

[0090] For the manufacture of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (the optical insulating layer or, more broadly, any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention, such as a lower or upper adhesive layer; framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer, etc.), curable adhesives can be used that harden when their components react (photocurable, particularly under ultraviolet light, thermocurable, etc.) or when a solvent evaporates. In all cases, a chemical reaction occurs to create chemical bonds for crosslinking; the crosslinked polymer is then defined by the formation of a 3D network of polymer chains linked by chemical bonds.

[0091] Thus, the way in which a curable adhesive hardens depends on its nature. Some (photo)cure, in particular, through the application of energy such as ultraviolet (UVA) or visible light (400-405 nm), while others cure at room temperature with the addition of a hardener via a chemical reaction. Still other curable adhesives are cross-linked by a chemical reaction initiated and accelerated by the application of thermal energy.

[0092] Liquid deposition of the crosslinkable adhesive can be done by spraying (spray coating), curtain coating, flow coating, roller coating, slot die, dip coating, blade coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, drop casting, or filling a cavity with a syringe, among other methods.

[0093] Preferably, the optical insulating layer or even more broadly any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer; framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer etc) can preferably be photo-crosslinked by ultraviolet, for example comprises a photo-crosslinked polymer matrix by ultraviolet.

[0094] The crosslinked polymer material (of the optical insulating layer or even any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, lower and / or upper in particular) may preferably be chosen from a polymer based on (or essentially made up of) polyacrylate (for example to have a refractive index n1 of at most 1.46 or 1.4), in particular fluorourethane acrylate (for example to have the lowest possible refractive index n1) or urethane acrylate or fluoro-silicone acrylate, polysiloxanes or silicone (for example with a refractive index n1 of at most 1.4 or 1.3) in particular polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer, polyepoxides, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester.

[0095] The polyacrylate described here refers to any polymer containing repeating units derived from acrylate. The repeating unit may be substituted or unsubstituted within the allowed valence range. The acrylate polymer may be homopolymer and / or copolymer. In this text, polyacrylate includes one or more polymethyl acrylates, polyethylene acrylate, polypropylene methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, and polypropylene methacrylate.

[0096] The epoxy polymer described here refers to the polymer obtained after polymerization of substances containing epoxy bonds. The epoxy polymer comprises one or more epoxies, such as bisphenol A, bisphenol A epoxy, halogenated phenolic epoxy, phenolic epoxy, cycloaliphatic epoxy, or bisphenol S epoxy resin.

[0097] The crosslinked polymer material (of the optical insulating layer or any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, whether upper or lower) is preferably based on (or essentially composed of) a polymer combined with one or more other functionalities, such as an acrylate function for photo-crosslinking (crosslinked polymer material based on urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate) and / or a fluorine function to lower the refractive index, particularly for the optical insulating layer (crosslinked polymer material based on fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate). Therefore, the preferred crosslinked polymer material for the optical insulating layer is a polymer preferably based on acrylate, urethane acrylate, silicone, or silicone acrylate, the polymer also having a fluorine function.

[0098] Depending on the desired properties, the acrylate group can be used for photo-crosslinking (for urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate). The acrylate group enables the photo-crosslinking of the polymer, whose backbone is composed of other functional groups such as urethane.

[0099] The optical insulating layer according to the invention (or any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, whether upper or lower) may, in particular, be a liquid-based coating obtained from a formulation preferably photocurable by UV(A) or a two-component chemically crosslinked formulation. UV(A) crosslinking is preferred because it is faster and the equipment is less expensive / more compact than that used for chemical crosslinking.

[0100] The optical insulating layer according to the invention can be a cross-linked polymer coating (deposited on a third side or on a support or filling a cavity between the sheets) can preferably be based on urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate.

[0101] In a first example of an optical insulating layer in the form of a coating, a UV curable resin based on acrylates is deposited on the second sheet (of mineral or organic glass) or on a polymer support.

[0102] In a second example of an optical insulating layer in the form of a coating, a single-component UV curable resin based on acrylates (urethane acrylate) is deposited on the second sheet of glass (mineral or organic) or on a polymer support.

[0103] In a third example of an optical insulating layer in the form of a coating, a UV curable silicone-based resin is deposited on the second sheet of glass (mineral or organic) or on a polymer support.

[0104] Examples of low-index curable liquid adhesives (for the optical insulating layer) include the following resins: based on urethane acrylate for example from the company Norland, in particular the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (n1 =1.315) which is an aliphatic urethane acrylate, based on fluoro urethane acrylate for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called SFA 335 (n1 =1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (n1 =1.385-1.389), based on acrylate for example in particular the product called UZ181A (n1 =1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (n1 =1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0105] Examples include liquid COAs based on fluorourethane acrylate from the company Shin-A, notably the product called LOCA Shin-A 335 (n1 = 1.335-1.339) or 387 (n1 = 1.385-1.389).

[0106] As already mentioned, the optical insulating layer, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face, can be a coating, for example, of a thickness of at least 1µm, 10µm or 100µm, which on a non-adhesive polymer support (preferably of submillimeter thickness of 20µm, 30µm, 50µm to 200µm) further away from the third face (preferably face F3) and with another adhesive layer of crosslinked polymer, for example, of a thickness of at least 1µm, 10µm or 100µm on the other face (preferably face F2) if necessary for lamination, another adhesive layer in contact with the second face or with a polymer layer, in particular thermoplastic and adhesive top of the lamination interlayer.

[0107] Alternatively, the optical insulating layer can be a coating on a substrate that is a low-index, non-adhesive polymer substrate (20 µm, 30 µm, 50 µm to 200 µm thick) further from the third face (preferably face F3), and with another adhesive layer of cross-linked polymer on the other face if necessary for lamination. As such a low-index substrate (coated with an optical insulating adhesive), particularly one with a visible index of no more than 1.45, a fluoropolymer (thermoplastic) film can be chosen. The fluoropolymer film can be based on, or even made of, one of the following materials: perfluoroalkoxy PFA, especially n2 of about 1.3 poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF, especially n2 of about 1.4 ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE ethylene tetrafluoroethylene ETFE, more precisely poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene, especially n2 of about 1.4 perfluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer FEP or (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene in English) especially n2 of about 1.3 polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE especially n2 of about 1.3, but which is the most difficult to laminate polyvinyl fluoride (Polyvinyl Fluoride or PVF).

[0108] We prefer that it have a blur of no more than 2%. A fluoropolymer film is readily available from 50µm. For better bonding, the fluoropolymer film can have one or two main surfaces treated with an adhesion-promoting surface treatment, preferably a corona treatment.

[0109] The optical insulating layer, or more broadly any (other) crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer; framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer, etc.), may comprise or even be a crosslinked polymer film, in particular of at least 30µm, 40µm, or 50µm.

[0110] In particular, the optical insulating layer and / or an upper or lower adhesive layer made of crosslinked polymer is a crosslinked polymer film, notably at least 30µm thick, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third surface and particularly pressure-sensitive film, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face (rather than with a lower adhesive layer), and preferably selected from polymers based on acrylate, urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or silicone or a so-called post-adhesive film of polymer partially photo-crosslinked before assembly and photo-crosslinked (with further photo-crosslinking) after assembly, and preferably a so-called post-adhesive film based on acrylate.

[0111] The adhesive contact results from the continuation of photocuring. Before further curing, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing, then placed in an autoclave under pressure - positive pressure 2-4 bar - for example and possibly at a temperature higher than ambient.

[0112] In particular, pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) film bonds by contact after the application of mechanical pressure.

[0113] A pressure-sensitive adhesive, abbreviated PSA and commonly called self-adhesive, is an adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied, thus securing the adhesive to the surface to be bonded. No solvent, water, or heat is required to activate the adhesive.

[0114] As its name suggests, "pressure sensitive", the degree of bonding between a given surface and the self-adhesive binder is influenced by the amount of pressure used to apply the adhesive to the target surface and the nature and density of the physical bonds formed between the adhesive and the substrate (mineral or organic glass sheet).

[0115] PSAs are generally designed to form a bond and maintain it at room temperature.

[0116] PSAs can be made of rubber, polyurethane, acrylic ester polymer, or polysiloxane.

[0117] PSAs are generally elastomer-based coupled with a suitable additional adhesive agent or "tackifying" agent (e.g., an ester resin).

[0118] Elastomers can preferably be based on: Acrylates, which may be sufficiently tacky that they do not require an additional tackifying agent; silicone, which requires special tackifying agents such as "MQ" type silicate resins, composed of monofunctional trimethylsilane ("M") that has reacted with quadrifunctional silicon tetrachloride ("Q"). Silicone-based PSAs are, for example, polydimethylsiloxane gums and resins dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene. or possibly: Styrene-based block copolymers such as Styrene butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP), styrene isoprene-styrene (SIS), vinyl ethers, and nitriles.

[0119] PSA adhesives are sold in rolls of double-sided adhesive with a liner on each side to protect the PSA film.

[0120] Examples of silicone-based PSAs include Dow Corning® adhesives such as 2013 Adhesive, 7657 Adhesive, Q2-7735 Adhesive, Q2-7406 Adhesive, Q2-7566 Adhesive, 7355 Adhesive, 7358 Adhesive, 280A Adhesive, 282 Adhesive, 7651 Adhesive, 7652 Adhesive, 7356 Adhesive, or Taica adhesives such as OPT alpha GEL® such as K120E, K90E, or MRK adhesives such as MR3050, MR3080.

[0121] Examples of acrylate-based PSAs include Nitto adhesives such as CS98210U, CS98210UK or Tesa® adhesives such as OCA 69206, OCA 69208, OCA 69405.

[0122] As a low PSA index film (for the optical insulating layer) based on acrylate, we can mention the product called CS986 (n1 =1.47) from the company Nitto.

[0123] As a low PSA index film (for the optical insulating layer) based on silicone, we can mention the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the company Taica (n1= 1.41).

[0124] Regarding silicone, we prefer polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS or dimethicone, which is an organomineral polymer from the siloxane family.

[0125] Various assembly configurations can be envisaged, the upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer is preferably a pressure-sensitive film (self-supporting, applied) or post-adhesive or a coating (deposited on the second side or on a support identical or distinct from the optical insulating coating support).

[0126] If the optical insulating layer is thin, for example at most 50µm, the upper and / or lower cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (if there is no thermoplastic adhesive layer) is thicker.

[0127] An example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer upper and / or lower or of framing in the form of an acrylate-based PSA film is the product called CS986 from Nitto with a refractive index n2 of 1.49.

[0128] In an example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive top and / or bottom layer (or any other adhesive layer: framing etc.) in the form of a coating, a single-component UV curable resin based on mercapto ester, the product called NOA 65 from the Norland company with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.524, is deposited.

[0129] In an example of a top and / or bottom crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (or any other adhesive layer: framing etc.) in the form of a coating, a single-component UV curable resin based on fluorene polyurethane, the product named Shin-A SBPF-022 with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.60, is deposited.

[0130] The optical insulating layer (see other elements) can be protected if necessary from moisture, dust, and the external environment for better durability.

[0131] As previously mentioned, the glazing according to the invention may include a so-called framing layer surrounding the edge of the optical insulating layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or a cross-linked polymer in contact with the optical insulating layer, possibly in adhesive contact with the third surface and even with the second surface (and forming part of the lamination interlayer). The so-called framing layer is preferably at least as thick as the optical insulating layer. For example, it is at least 1 mm wide and at most 5 cm or 1 cm wide.

[0132] The framing layer can be locally opaque (on a strip) or opaque all around.

[0133] The framing layer can be a thermosetting sealant (two-component photo-crosslinked, thermo-crosslinked), forming a sealing joint, spaced or bonded to the layers already described in the lamination interlayer (itself recessed from the edges of the sheets). It can be in adhesive contact with the second and third surfaces. The framing layer can be, for example, polyurethane, epoxy, butyl, etc.

[0134] In the event that the upper thermoplastic adhesive layer extends beyond the edges of the optical insulating layer, the framing layer can be used to compensate in thickness for the optical insulating layer and even its support.

[0135] The framing layer is preferably made of the same type of material as the upper adhesive layer.

[0136] For example, we could have: A top adhesive layer of PVB (clear or tinted) with a zero or varying level of plasticizers; a frame layer of PVB (for example, tinted, locally or throughout) with a zero or varying level of plasticizers, of a thickness at least equal to the thickness of the optical insulator layer; optionally, a bottom adhesive layer of PVB (clear) with a zero or varying level of plasticizers.

[0137] The framing layer can be on the injection area or the beginning of the propagation area if it is tinted for reasons described later.

[0138] The framing layer can frame the propagation area; it is preferably outside the clear area of ​​the glass.

[0139] It is preferable, and generally essential, for the glazing to include at least one transparent area, called the "glass clear" or daylight area, not covered by an opaque (internal) masking layer around the perimeter. The glass clear area is thus a central zone.

[0140] This clear glass area generally represents at least 20%, preferably at least 50%, and in particular at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the total glazing surface, including areas covered by encapsulation or seals. In other words, the opaque layer covers an area that generally represents at most 80%, preferably at most 50%, and in particular at most 30%, 20%, 10%, or 5% of the total glazing surface.

[0141] The optical density of the opaque layer is preferably at least 2 and even up to 5. The lamination interlayer can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or even 100% of the glazing surface.

[0142] The optical insulating layer preferably extends beyond the propagation zone, notably forming the sole laminate interlayer, and can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the glazing surface.

[0143] Regarding the extent of the elements, several configurations are possible, in particular the edge of the lamination interlayer (edge ​​of the optical insulating layer, of the lower and / or upper adhesive layer or even the framing adhesive layer) is not necessarily aligned with the edge of the first and / or second sheets and the edges of the layers of the interlayer itself are not necessarily aligned with each other.

[0144] The top adhesive layer (and / or the insulating layer and / or any bottom adhesive layer) may be recessed from the edge of the first sheet by a maximum of 10 mm or even 2 mm. The edge of the top adhesive layer may be aligned with the edge of the insulating layer or extend beyond it, as previously described.

[0145] The top adhesive layer (and the insulating layer and the possible bottom adhesive layer) can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the glazing surface.

[0146] There can be several injection zones, several light sources, preferably peripheral.

[0147] The optical insulating layer preferably extends beyond the propagation zone and preferably over the extraction means (whether in contact or not), and ideally covers at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the glazing surface. The extraction means, for example, cover at most 90% of the glazing surface.

[0148] The optical insulating layer can extend upstream of the propagation zone above said hole (and occupies at least 90% of the glazing surface).

[0149] The optical insulating layer can extend downstream of the injection zone.

[0150] The glazing may therefore include between the second face (in particular F2) and the third face (in particular F3), an opaque, internal peripheral masking layer, in particular an enamel (black etc) on the second face or a coating on the laminate interlayer for example opaque coating (based on PVB and with coloring agent) on a main face of a PVB on the second or third face side.

[0151] The internal masking layer can be 2 mm or 3 mm (less than 5 mm) from the edge of the glazing, or even right up to the edge. This masking layer can be a band framing the glazing (windshield, roof, etc.), often black. Opaque coating is applied around the entire perimeter to conceal bodywork elements or seals, or to protect adhesives used for vehicle mounting. This internal masking layer is in contact with the second main surface. This internal masking layer defines the clear glass area. It can be advantageous for the outer edge of the optical insulating layer, or more broadly, any adhesive layer of the laminate interlayer, to be masked by the internal masking layer and not be within the clear glass area.It can be advantageous for the outer and even inner edges of the framing layer to be masked by the inner masking layer, not to be in the clear glass, for the framing layer to be under the inner masking layer.

[0152] The width of the internal masking layer along the sides of a motor vehicle roof is generally less than that at the front or even the rear.

[0153] In particular, when the first layer is the outer pane (and therefore the second layer is the inner pane), another masking layer, referred to as the inner layer, can be applied as a fourth surface, designated F4, on the passenger compartment side, facing the inner masking layer (and may even be of the same type, for example, a black enamel coating on the second layer of mineral glass). It may be adjacent to a possible transparent functional coating, particularly a heat-insulating one, at least in the clear glass area.

[0154] In particular for a car roof (the first sheet is the outer glazing): The width of the internal (and even interior) masking layer along the longitudinal edges can be a maximum of 30cm, specifically 10-20cm. The width of the internal (and even interior) masking layer along the rear lateral edge can be a maximum of 30cm, specifically at least 1 or 5cm, and along the front lateral edge a maximum of 60cm, specifically at least 1 or 5cm.

[0155] The longitudinal edges and / or lateral edges are not necessarily parallel to each other.

[0156] The width of the inner masking layer is preferably greater than that of the inner masking layer. The inner masking layer is, in particular, congruent to or narrower than the width of the inner masking layer.

[0157] The internal and / or inner masking layer can be an organic or mineral binder (fused glass frit) with an organic or inorganic coloring agent, including molecular dye or inorganic pigment.

[0158] The internal and / or inner masking layer is preferably a continuous layer (flat with a solid edge or alternatively a gradient edge (set of patterns).

[0159] In the first case of light injection, the light source is coupled to the edge of the second sheet, possibly in a through-hole peripheral notch. The light source can be housed in a polymer encapsulation as described in application WO2010049638, in particular in figure 15 or in figure 16 and even having a recess for removal, replacement of the source.

[0160] In a second light injection scenario, the second sheet, particularly one made of mineral glass, may include at least one peripheral hole (through or even blind in thickness, open on at least the fourth side) beneath the internal masking layer (outside the clear glass area). The light source is coupled to the wall of the second sheet, defining the hole, preferably housed within the hole itself. The light source, such as diodes, may be located within the hole, or it may be combined with an optical element (light guide) between the injection wall and the light source, either within the hole or inside the vehicle's interior. Examples of such implementations are described in patents WO2018 / 178591 and WO2013 / 110885.

[0161] The inner masking layer is, for example, on either side of said hole (of each hole).

[0162] The second sheet can have a plurality of holes (through holes) each delimited by an internal wall, and a light source (all identical or not, made to order) is coupled to an internal wall and even housed in each hole (through hole).

[0163] The hole (each hole) is preferably no more than 50mm wide and at least 10mm deep, and preferably spaced no more than 200mm apart from the edge of the second sheet. The shape of the hole (of each hole) may be oblong or circular.

[0164] The hole in the second sheet of glass (mineral) in which the light source (the diodes) is housed can advantageously be closed by a cover, preferably a removable cover, preferably integrated into a diode module, fixed on the inner edge of the hole and / or on the fourth main face (by reversible fixing means).

[0165] A through or blind hole in the lamination interlayer (going to the second face) can be in continuity with the chosen through hole in the second sheet of glass and be of the same width and shape.

[0166] The power supply for the light source (diodes) can be provided by a current supply integrated into the laminated glazing, for example an electrical wire incorporated in the lamination interlayer, or this electrical wire can be applied to the fourth main face of the second sheet (inner sheet, passenger compartment side), and possibly be protected by a cover.

[0167] The optical insulating layer extends upstream of the propagation zone above the hole (and preferably occupies at least 80 or 90% of the glazing surface). If the hole is through-hole, it is sealed by a cover that acts as a gasket, preventing moisture from penetrating the glass through the opening on the third surface, which may be a reflective metallic foil (aluminum, etc.) or a metallized film (plastic or mineral).

[0168] The cover also acts as an optical shutter. The cover protrudes from the inner wall of the hole by a maximum of 30 mm. It can be mounted on the third surface or attached with adhesive and / or in adhesive contact with the spacer. The hole and / or the cover and / or the lid is, for example, no more than 100 mm from the glass opening and preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0169] The optical insulating layer can extend onto the hood and even beyond.

[0170] The framing layer can cover the hole and any hood.

[0171] In a third case of light injection, the light source is on the fourth face, opposite or offset from the fourth main face, notably under (opposite) the internal masking layer, and is coupled to the second sheet via a redirecting optical film as already described on the third face or on the fourth face.

[0172] The light source can be directly optically coupled or via an optical system. The light source on the fourth side can be combined with collimating optics. The light source, with an optional collimator, can be fixed to the fourth side, either directly or by being spaced apart and mounted on a peripheral support fixed to the fourth side.

[0173] The possible inner peripheral masking layer (facing F4) may include a space to avoid blocking optical coupling, in particular to allow the light source rays to pass to the light redirection element.

[0174] The framing layer, in particular the opaque layer, can cover the light redirection element (redirecting film).

[0175] The injection / coupling is via the light redirection element, specifically a textured redirection film on the second, innermost sheet (third or fourth face), for example, a prismatic polymer film. The light source is positioned opposite the fourth face, possibly off-center or even offset from this redirection film. This redirection film is in direct contact (placed on) or bonded to the second sheet, specifically face F3.

[0176] This redirecting film (transparent) is, for example, longitudinally shaped along the glazing or rounded at the corners, for example, the length of the glass pane. This redirecting film can be no more than 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm thick, and in particular at least 50 µm, 80 µm, or 100 µm thick. The light source and the light redirecting element can be offset by one glass pane, facing an internal masking layer. The redirecting element (redirecting film) and / or the light source is, for example, no more than 100 mm from the glass pane and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0177] Through this redirecting film (on the third side), the light passing through the second pane of glass is redirected into the second pane of glass by reflection, or even diffusion. Through this redirecting film on the fourth side, the light passing through the second pane of glass is redirected into the second pane of glass by refraction, or even diffusion.

[0178] The optical redirecting film can be a textured or even prismatic film (with a smooth (non-textured, non-functional) main surface and a textured, functional, flexible, and therefore curved opposite surface that adapts to the curvature of the glazing), a partially structured transparent plastic film forming (micro)prisms, or a transparent (flat) plastic film with a transparent layer on its main surface containing an arrangement of (micro)prisms. The (micro)prisms are oriented towards the third face (F3) or towards the second face (F2).

[0179] The prismatic (optical redirector) film can be positioned on the side and even on the third (bare or coated) side, or on the side and even on the fourth (bare or coated) side. The prismatic film on the side and even on the third side can be reflective, and the (micro)reflecting prisms are, for example, oriented towards the second side (F2).

[0180] This textured optical film can be bonded to the third surface directly or via at least one adhesive layer, particularly a cross-linked thermoplastic, or held by suction (strong interaction), notably by the pressure of the assembly. The textured optical film is placed on the third surface, and after the air is removed, a suction effect occurs. Preferably, the optical insulating layer is not used to bond this redirecting film to the F3 surface.

[0181] The material of the textured optical film (prismatic film, redirector) can be the same as that of the optical insulating layer substrate. The optical insulating layer substrate (in the form of a coating) can form all or part of the textured optical film, have a textured area forming a prismatic film, adjacent to the optical insulating layer, bonded or laid on the third face (face F3).

[0182] In summary, the glazing may include at least one optical film which is between the optical insulating layer and the third surface, and even in contact with the optical insulating layer, preferably bonded to the third surface by a lower adhesive layer of the lamination interlayer or local optical film bonded by a local fixing adhesive layer, and the optical film, in particular a polymer, is chosen from: extractor film, forming a means of extracting guided light into the second sheet or into a layer underlying the optical insulating layer (local extractor film on the third side forming a means of extracting guided light into the second sheet or a more extensive extractor film, and even possibly a barrier film, on the lower adhesive layer forming (another) means of extracting guided light into the lower adhesive layer) and / or redirector film, local, forming means of redirecting light into the second sheet of glass from a light source on the fourth side or even offset from the glazing.

[0183] The internal masking layer may not be sufficiently opaque to prevent stray light from being visible, such as the light source. An internal opaque element, peripheral and between the second and third surfaces, may be desirable, particularly between this internal masking layer (delimiting the clear glass area) and the third surface. This could even replace the internal masking layer, specifically masking an area where light is injected via a hole in the second sheet, which acts as a light guide (preferably the inner glazing), or masking a light source on the fourth surface (the second sheet being preferably an inner glazing and acting as a light guide).

[0184] The internal opaque element is for example offset from the clear glass, or goes up to the clear glass or even slightly protrudes (from the internal masking layer) by a maximum of 10mm.

[0185] In the second injection configuration, the internal opaque element masks the injection area (hole, possible hood, light source and even the cover) or even extends beyond the perimeter of the hole or even the hood (or cover), by a maximum of 10cm or 5cm or 3cm from the hole and even the hood (or cover) or if necessary by a maximum of 5mm or 1mm so as not to absorb useful rays, preferably an internal opaque element on the entire perimeter of the hole and even the hood (or cover).

[0186] For the third injection configuration, the internal opaque element masks the light source (the light points of the source) which is on the fourth surface (F4), and may even mask the light redirection element (optical redirection film) opposite the light source. The internal opaque element can extend from the inner edge (towards the center of the glazing) of the light redirection element (optical redirection film) and even from the outer edge (towards the edge of the glazing) of the light redirection element, for example, by a maximum of 10 cm, 5 cm, or 3 cm, or if necessary, by a maximum of 5 mm or 1 mm to avoid absorbing useful rays.

[0187] In the first injection configuration, this internal opaque element can serve alternatively as a mask for the light exiting on the first face (F1 preferably) in the peripheral area (of the internal masking layer), the internal opaque element extends at most 10cm or 5cm or 1cm in particular from 1 mm or 5 mm to 1 or 3cm from the injection edge, it is adjusted if necessary so as not to absorb useful rays.

[0188] We prefer an internal opaque element of the same or similar color to the internal opaque masking layer (if any), especially black.

[0189] This internal opaque element, preferably black, and preferably located under the internal black masking layer, is chosen from: a part within the interlayer (black, with black coating, metallic part, polymer etc) or a film, in particular a polymer (non-adhesive) inserted within the interlayer, in particular a tinted film (mass opaque (thermoplastic) film or with an opaque layer, for example, support of the optical insulator layer (adjacent) or locally opaque athermal film within the interlayer or a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer: area (outside the clear glass) of the upper or lower adhesive layer (locally opaque or around the whole perimeter), or framing layer (locally opaque or around the whole perimeter) or thermoplastic adhesive layer such as PVB (area -outside the clear glass- of the lower or upper adhesive layer, locally opaque or around the whole perimeter) a coating, in particular based on PVB and with on a thermoplastic interlayer layer, for example, on an area -outside the clear glass- of the upper adhesive layer.

[0190] The internal opaque element can be spaced from the third face, for example on optical insulating layer or on lower adhesive layer (PVB, EVA TPU) or on the third face. In the second configuration, the internal opaque element can extend upstream of the injection area (upstream of the hole) to the edge of the glazing or at least 1cm or 5mm from the edge.

[0191] In the third configuration, the internal opaque element can extend upstream of the injection zone (from the outer edge of the light direction element) to the edge or at least 1cm or 5mm from the edge of the glazing.

[0192] Preferably for the second and third configurations, this internal opaque element can extend to the beginning of the injection zone without absorbing useful rays if it is on the optical insulating layer. This internal opaque element can be a locally opaque area of ​​the optical insulating layer.

[0193] The internal opaque element can be the same shape as the hood, the hole, and the light source on the F4 face side.

[0194] This internal opaque element can be the same shape as the hole or have any other simple (geometric) shape: square, rectangular, oblong, etc.

[0195] The surface of the internal opaque element is, for example, homothetic to that of the hole or to that of the light source (linear) on the F4 face side or even of the light redirection element.

[0196] This internal opaque element can be longitudinal in shape, for example a strip, and can conceal several holes (adjacent or on distinct edges). This strip can conceal several holes (adjacent or on distinct edges) or several light sources, particularly linear ones (second configuration). This internal opaque element can be one or more separate strips, notably on either side of the glass pane, or even a frame, notably (at least partially) offset from the glass pane.

[0197] This internal opaque element may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, preferably even less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0198] An example of opaque PVB containing black pigments is the product called RB17830000 Vanceva absolute black ®< sold by Saflex.

[0199] An example of an opaque layer is an adhesive layer containing a molecular dye dissolved in the crosslinked polymer material.

[0200] As already stated, the glazing according to the invention may include a peripheral light source, in particular under the internal masking layer, in optical coupling with the second light guide sheet (second and third injection configuration only) preferably inner glazing, and the coupling zone is preferably under the internal masking layer.

[0201] It may be necessary to absorb the light exiting on the fourth face (F4 for example) near the injection area and forming a luminous halo.

[0202] To achieve this, the glazing according to the invention may include an opaque element called anti-halo at the edge of the light injection zone, in contact with the third face (on the third face or on a thermoplastic or cross-linked adhesive layer), opaque anti-halo element preferably with a width of no more than 10cm in the propagation zone adjoining the injection zone and / or another opaque anti-halo element in contact with the fourth face and facing an edge of a light injection zone in the guide preferably with a width of no more than 10cm.

[0203] Thus, this opaque anti-halation element (and / or this other anti-halation element) in relation to the guidance zone adjacent to the injection zone can extend over at least 2cm and from 5mm, and more precisely: start less than 1mm from the injection wall (delimiting the hole), in particular extends from 2 or 5mm from the injection wall up to 10cm or 5cm from the injection wall; start less than 1mm from the inner edge of the light redirecting element (redirecting film), in particular extends from 2 or 5mm from the inner edge up to 10cm or 5cm from the inner edge.

[0204] This opaque anti-halo element (and / or this other anti-halo element) may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, preferably even less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0205] This opaque anti-halo element and / or this other anti-halo element) is preferably black and the internal masking layer is black.

[0206] This other opaque anti-halo element (preferably black and with a black internal masking layer) is in contact with the fourth face and is for example an opaque coating, for example an enamel.

[0207] This opaque anti-halation element (and / or other opaque anti-halation element) can be longitudinal in shape, for example a strip, and cover several edges of injection zones. It can be one or more strips on either side of the clear window, or even a frame offset from the clear window.

[0208] The internal opaque element and / or the anti-halo opaque element and / or other anti-halo opaque element can also extend to the edge of the second sheet and even cover the edge (outside the coupling edge) of the second sheet.

[0209] This opaque anti-halo element (and / this other opaque anti-halo element) may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, preferably even less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0210] This opaque anti-halo element (and / this other opaque anti-halo element) may have an annular area or portion of a ring on part of the perimeter of the hole for example over 120° or 180°.

[0211] This opaque, anti-halation element (preferably black), with its internal black masking layer, is in contact with the third face chosen from: or a tinted (non-adhesive) film (mass opaque (thermoplastic) film or with an opaque layer for example support of the (adjacent) optical insulating layer or locally opaque athermal film) within the interlayer or a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer: area (outside the clear glass) of the lower adhesive layer (locally opaque or around the whole perimeter), or framing layer (locally opaque or around the whole perimeter) or thermoplastic adhesive layer such as PVB (area -outside the clear glass- of the lower adhesive layer locally opaque or around the whole perimeter) a coating on the third side, in particular based on PVB and with on a PVB thermoplastic interlayer layer for example on an area -outside the clear glass- of the lower adhesive layer, a part under the interlayer (black, with black coating, metal part, polymer etc).An opaque anti-halation element can be an adhesive layer containing a molecular dye dissolved in the crosslinked polymer material.

[0212] By placing both an opaque anti-halo element on the third face and the other opaque anti-halo element on the fourth face, it can be more effective and the necessary distance can be shortened because each absorbs half of the rays, one upwards, the other downwards, whereas if only one is used it absorbs half first, then the other half once it has been reflected.

[0213] Naturally, one can have an element that masks both the light coming out on the fourth face and the light coming out on the first face.

[0214] We can have a sufficiently large internal opaque element (and then in contact with the third face) to form said anti-halo element, for example, protruding from the hole (hood), of the light redirection element.

[0215] Advantageously, the internal opaque element on the third face and / or the anti-halation opaque element can have a refractive index of n'1 in the visible spectrum such that: n0-n'1 is at least 0.04 in the visible range and even at least 0.1, the difference in absolute value n'1-n1 is at most 0.04 in the visible range and even at most 0.01.

[0216] If n1<n1 alors il y a un gain en extraction si n'1> n1 then there is more efficiency for the halo This element can be an opaque area of ​​the optical insulating layer (tinted or colorless) then n1 corresponds to n1.

[0217] Colors are normally characterized by colorimetric coordinates, for example L*a*b*, with black generally associated with a lightness L* less than a certain value, preferably 5 or 10, which may depend on the specific situation. Preferably, the L* of the internal masking layer and / or of an internal opaque or antihalation element (or other opaque antihalation element) is less than 5.

[0218] The means of light extraction (guided in the second sheet) may include an optical film between the optical insulating layer and the third face, preferably on the third or fourth face (if second sheet inner glazing).

[0219] An example of a film with reflective reliefs, in particular a plastic film with a refractive index greater than or equal to n0 with reflective reliefs (prisms) forming light extraction on the third face of a motor vehicle roof, is described in patent WO2013 / 167832.

[0220] The reflective surface preferably has low roughness so that the reflection is essentially specular. The surface and roughness of the reflective interface are chosen so that the total widths at half maximum (THM) of the angular distribution of the light intensity emitted by the system are preferably between 30° and 60°.

[0221] Regardless of the roughness of the reflective interface, a height or depth of the relief can be defined as the distance between the highest and lowest points of said relief. The height of the reflective relief is, for example, between 5 µm and 1 mm, preferably between 10 µm and 500 µm, and in particular between 20 and 100 µm.

[0222] Such textured polymer films with a raised pattern are available on the market, and one example is the Vikuiti® Image Directing Film II marketed by 3M.

[0223] A mineral or organo-mineral coating based on silica can also be formed with the reliefs, by sol-gel method.

[0224] The optical extractor film may comprise a plurality of individual prisms, each consisting of an oblique surface and a surface essentially perpendicular to the general plane of the second sheet

[0225] Examples of regular relief include Fresnel lens-type relief and Fresnel prism-type relief.

[0226] The relief can be made reflective by a low-index coating having a refractive index at least 0.04 lower, preferably at least 0.1 lower, than the index n0 of the second glass sheet or the index of the textured optical film. The relief can also be made reflective by the optical insulating layer. Alternatively, the recesses of the relief can be filled with porous silica.

[0227] Extraction methods can also include a textured coating, for example a layer of silica with reliefs (reliefs such as those mentioned above).

[0228] Alternatively or cumulatively, the means for extracting guided light in the second sheet may include a diffusing layer on the third and / or fourth face. This diffusing layer comprises diffusing elements in a matrix (transparent and even diffusing), notably defining at least a first diffusing zone, for example, with a width of at least 0.5 mm, in particular a first diffusing zone that is solid and / or includes a set of discontinuous patterns.

[0229] The means for extracting guided light in the second sheet can also be a frosted area of ​​the second sheet (third or fourth face), or a diffusing coating applied to the third or fourth face, or to the face of the lamination interlayer in contact with the third face. The light extraction means can be, for example, a textured, rough, or frosted area of ​​the second sheet (third or fourth face). It can also be an area etched into the thickness of the second sheet, or diffusing elements, such as glass particles or fibers, incorporated into the interlayer.

[0230] The diffusing particles can be on the order of micrometers in size, embedded in an organic or mineral binder that allows them to adhere to the surface of the second sheet or interlayer. The particles can be metallic or metal oxide. The light source is preferably an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (on a printed circuit board such as a flexible PCB), such as a straight or curved strip, or a light source comprising an optical extraction fiber coupled with a primary light source (LED(s), etc.). Preferably, the diodes are surface-mounted components on the front side of a printed circuit board (PCB) with conductive traces. These diodes may have Lambertian or quasi-Lambertian emission.The width (or length) of a diode with a single semiconductor chip, generally a square diode, is preferably no more than 5 mm. The width of the PCB board, in strip form, is preferably no more than 5 cm, better still no more than 2 cm, and even no more than 1 cm.

[0231] The extraction means on the third side can be completely opaque or remain transparent. On the fourth side, the extraction means have non-zero light transmission.

[0232] One or more light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the glass) can be used, along with several sets of diodes. The source(s) can be elongated, linear over at least 10 cm, and / or more localized, such as within one or more separate holes in the second sheet. One or more light sources (identical or different) can be used, for example, electrical and / or composed of electroluminescent devices (LEDs, etc.). The light source(s) can be monochromatic (emitting in blue, green, red, etc.) or polychromatic, or be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light; they can be continuous or discontinuous, etc.

[0233] The light source can be extended linearly (rectangular strip like a diode bar) along one side of the glazing (longitudinal edges) or split (with similar or distinct light, for example different color intensity, controlled independently or simultaneously) along both sides.

[0234] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle incorporating the luminous glazing defined above.

[0235] When mounted in the motor vehicle, in the case of a laminated roof, the fourth face is the interior face of the motor vehicle, conventionally referred to as face F4. The roof can be opening or fixed.

[0236] The first sheet can be the outer sheet in particular, the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windshield, a side window, or the first sheet is the inner sheet in particular, the glazing is chosen from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing.

[0237] Assembly refers to the stacking of different elements.

[0238] The lamination process includes an operation that allows the laminate interlayer to be bonded to the second and third surfaces. If the interlayer is adhesive, this bonding is achieved simply by bringing it into contact with the second and third surfaces.

[0239] If the interlayer is composite (for example two types of cross-linked polymer adhesives or a cross-linked polymer adhesive and a thermoplastic adhesive) the lamination operation can be in two stages: 1) adhesive contact of the optical insulating layer with the second face at a temperature and / or pressure and 2) adhesive contact of the upper adhesive layer with the third face at a temperature and / or pressure distinct from stage 1) (or stages 1) and 2) reversed).

[0240] Preferably, the lamination process includes at least a degassing / vacuum treatment of the assembled elements (already in adhesive or non-adhesive contact) to avoid bubbling, and pressure is applied to the assembled elements.

[0241] After assembly, lamination may involve, for example, degassing (oven, etc.) and autoclaving (positive pressure). Lamination may also involve a (photo)crosslinking step of the adhesive layer(s), which may already be partially photocrosslinked before assembly, for example, using a UVA source.

[0242] The autoclave cycle can be at ambient temperature, at a temperature in a range of 30-50°C at a pressure in a range of 2-5 bars and for a duration of no more than 1 hour, in particular of at least 15 minutes.

[0243] The lamination of a thermoplastic layer such as PVB involves vacuuming and pressurizing with heating, the lamination step leading to the adhesive contact of the layer with the adjacent glass.

[0244] The manufacture of laminated glazing according to the invention may include, for the formation of the optical insulating layer: the deposition of the optical insulating layer by liquid means on the third face before lamination (before assembly or by filling a cavity between the second and third face).

[0245] It is possible to use a heat-curing adhesive that crosslinks thanks to the temperature applied during the lamination of the laminated glass.

[0246] If a UV-curable adhesive (or a two-component adhesive that cures via a chemical reaction) is applied to a surface, a pre-curing step (UV or further chemical reaction) is beneficial to gel the adhesive. Then, a vacuum is created to remove trapped air and complete the curing process to ensure good adhesion.

[0247] The manufacturing process for laminated luminous glass, as described above, may include: an assembly of the first sheet of glass, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the optical insulating layer and the second sheet of glass, in particular the process comprises before assembly the deposition of the optical insulating layer on the second and / or first sheet of glass and preferably a photocrosslinking.

[0248] The manufacturing process for laminated luminous glass, as described above, may include: an assembly of the first sheet of glass, the lamination interlayer comprising at least one film and the second sheet of glass and in particular the optical insulating layer which is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film in partially photo-crosslinked polymer material before assembly (and the continuation of the photo-crosslinking, preferably under UVA, takes place after assembly) a lamination comprising degassing, in particular oven curing, and putting under positive pressure in particular autoclaving.

[0249] Other details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the examples according to the invention illustrated by the following figures. There figure 1 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle according to the invention, in a first embodiment by peripheral light injection. figure 1' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 1 . There figure 2 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment involving peripheral light injection. figure 2' This represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass panel from a motor vehicle, which is a roof mounted on a vehicle. figure 3 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a third embodiment involving peripheral light injection. figure 4 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a fourth embodiment involving peripheral light injection. figure 4' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 4 . There figure 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a fifth embodiment involving peripheral light injection. figure 6 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a sixth embodiment involving peripheral light injection. figure 7 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a seventh embodiment with peripheral light injection. figure 8 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a first embodiment where light is injected through an internal glass wall. figure 8' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 8 . There figure 9 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment involving light injection through an internal glass wall. figure 10 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a third embodiment involving light injection through an internal glass wall. figure 10' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 10 . There figure 11 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a fourth embodiment involving light injection through an internal glass wall. figure 12 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a fifth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. figure 13 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a sixth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. figure 14 This represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle, in a first embodiment where light is injected through the glass. figure 14' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 14 . There figure 15 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment involving the injection of light through the glass. figure 15' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 15 . There figure 16 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a third embodiment involving the injection of light through the glass. figure 17 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a fourth embodiment involving the injection of light through the glass. figure 18 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a fifth embodiment involving the injection of light through the glass. figure 19 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a sixth embodiment by injecting light through a glass. figure 20 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a seventh embodiment involving the injection of light through the glass. figure 21 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in an eighth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0250] It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity, the different elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale. There figure 1 represents a schematic cross-sectional view, here lateral, of a luminous laminated vehicle glazing 100 according to the invention in a first embodiment with peripheral lighting. figure 1' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 1 .

[0251] This is a 100 laminated glass panel, in this case a rectangular (or quadrilateral in alternative) and curved car roof, which includes: a first sheet of glass 1, forming here the outer sheet, for example rectangular (dimensions 300X300 mm for example), with a clear or tinted composition for a solar control function (VENUS VG10 or TSA 4+ glass marketed by Saint-Gobain Glass) for example with a thickness of 2.1 mm, with a first main face 11 corresponding to face F1, a second main face 12 on the inner side called F2 possibly coated with a heat-insulating coating (if clear glass), a solar control coating 16' or even a heating coating etc., and an edge (longitudinal edges 10 and 10'), a lamination interlayer 3, with an edge 30 here longitudinal possibly offset from the longitudinal edges 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore recessed), a second sheet of glass 2, of the same dimensions as glass 1, forming the inner glazing, on the passenger compartment side, made of mineral glass,presenting a third main face 13 corresponding to face F3 and a fourth main face 14 which is face F4, and an edge (longitudinal slices 21 and 22 - for example a sheet of soda-lime silicate glass, extra clear such as Diamant glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass, of a thickness equal for example to 2.1 mm, glass with a refractive index n0 of the order of 1.52 at 550nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95mm, possibly with an ITO stack 15 on face 14 F4 (low emissivity function). ,

[0252] The second face 12 has an internal masking layer 7 forming a masking frame, for example a black enamel, delimiting a clear window 16 (daylight), here rectangular (cf. figure 1' ).

[0253] Light-emitting diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 21 of the second glass sheet 2. These are front-emitting diodes. These diodes 4 are thus aligned on a PCB support 5, for example, a parallelepiped-shaped strip. The PCB support 5 is fixed, for example, by adhesive 7 (or double-sided tape) to the edge of the face.

[0254] Alternatively, the light source can be one or more primary sources (diodes etc.) coupled directly to a guide, along the coupling slice, for example optical extractor fiber with light output zone.

[0255] The luminous glazing 100 can have a plurality of light extraction zones 6 guided into the second pane, notably of a given geometry (rectangular, square, round, etc.). For example, it is a diffusing layer 6 screen-printed on the third surface and even alternatively or cumulatively on the fourth surface, preferably in the clear part of the glazing 16. Alternatively, it can be a localized extraction film applied or bonded locally to the third or fourth surface (with a textured surface or with a diffusing or solid diffusing layer).

[0256] For example, the distance between extraction 6 and the diodes is at least 10 or 40 mm. For example, the extraction occupies from 10 to 100% of the clear glass area, under the optical insulating layer.

[0257] Several sets of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, or around the entire periphery) can be used, each controlled independently and even in different colors. White or colored diodes can be chosen for ambient lighting, reading lights, etc. Red light can be used for signaling, possibly alternating with green light. The diode holder 5 can be glued to edge 21.

[0258] The light ray (after refraction at edge 21) propagates by total internal reflection (at face F3 and face F4) within the second layer 2, which forms a light guide. The lamination interlayer is an optical insulating layer made of a cross-linked polymer with a refractive index n1, such that n0-n1 is at least 0.04 and even 0.1, and preferably with a thickness of at least 300 µm and even 600 µm. The lamination interlayer extends, for example, to the edges of the glass panes 1 and 2. For example, the optical insulating layer and even the laminated glass exhibit a blur of at most 1%.

[0259] If necessary, the optical insulating layer 3 can be tinted while remaining transparent in the clear glass.

[0260] To block as much light as possible from reaching the first face (F1), an internal opaque element 80 is placed in the spacer 3, for example, a black piece 80 under the internal masking layer 7. This piece is a rectangular strip along the longitudinal coupling edge 21 (cf. figure 1' ) of a length greater than or equal to the diode strip. This part may protrude from the edge of the glazing, for example, and is part of support 5.

[0261] In a first version, the optical insulating layer is a PSA crosslinked film.

[0262] As an example of a low PSA silicone-based film, we can mention the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the company Taica (n1= 1.41), for example, in a 1mm thickness. Pressure was applied by roller and then it was autoclaved.

[0263] In the first variant, it can be a deposit of photo-curable adhesive on one of the faces F2 or F3 (or by filling in a cavity between F2 and F3) and a photo-curing by UVA.

[0264] In a second variant, a partially photocured film, for example acrylate-based, is used and bonded to the glass. The photocuring is completed by UVA curing. As an alternative to extra-clear glass, an organic glass, such as polycarbonate (PC), can be used, and preferably the first glass sheet is tempered.

[0265] The 100 roof can, for example, form a fixed 100' illuminated panoramic roof for a motor vehicle such as a car, mounted externally on the bodywork 8' via an adhesive 61' as shown in figure 2' . There figure 2' represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing which is a roof mounted in a vehicle.

[0266] This 100 laminated luminous glass can alternatively form a windshield (possibly by removing or adapting the encapsulation) with internal signaling. The diffusing layer, for example, forms a collision warning system, notably by creating a band along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, the light illuminates (red) when a vehicle in front is too close. This 100 laminated luminous glass can alternatively form a front or rear quarter window or a windshield (possibly by removing or adapting the encapsulation) with external signaling. The diffusing layer, for example, forms a turn signal repeater or a logo. In this latter case, the second glass pane, 2, is the outer pane (the fourth face is face F1, the third face is face F2), and the first glass pane is the inner pane (tinted or clear).

[0267] Furthermore, if necessary a so-called framing layer surrounds the perimeter of the optical insulating layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or cross-linked polymer and in contact with the optical insulating layer and even possibly in adhesive contact with the third face and even with the second face, in particular a framing layer offset from the clear glass.

[0268] There figure 2 This represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 200 in a second embodiment by peripheral light injection. This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment primarily in that side-emitting diodes 4 are housed in the recess (peripheral notch) of the edge 21. These diodes 4 are thus aligned on a PCB support 5, for example, a parallelepiped-shaped strip, preferably as opaque as possible (non-transparent), and their emitting faces are parallel to the PCB support and opposite the edge 21 in the recessed portion of the edge. The PCB support is fixed, for example, by adhesive 5' (or double-sided tape) to the edge 121 of the face F2 12, and is engaged in a groove between the faces F2 and F3, made possible by the sufficient recess of the edge 30 of the spacer 3.The opaque (black) enamel peripheral masking strip 7 can mask the PCB support 5 and even block outward light in this area. The distance between the diodes and the edge 10 is minimized, for example from 1 to 2 mm. The space between each chip and the optically coupled edge 10 can be protected from all contamination: water, chemicals, etc., both in the long term and during the manufacturing of the luminous glazing 100.

[0269] The 200 luminous glazing also features a polymer encapsulation, for example, in black polyurethane, specifically PU-RIM (reaction-in-mold injection molding). This encapsulation is double-sided at the edge of the glazing. It ensures long-term sealing (against water, cleaning products, etc.). The encapsulation also provides a good aesthetic finish and allows for the integration of other elements or functions (reinforcing inserts, etc.). As described in document WO2011092419 or document WO2013017790, the polymer encapsulation may have a through-hole closed by a removable cover for inserting or replacing LEDs.

[0270] In addition, the internal masking element is an opaque PSA film in adhesive contact with the second face 12.

[0271] There figure 3 represents a schematic side-section view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 300 in a third embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0272] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment firstly in that the optical insulating layer 31 is a coating for example of at least 1, 10µm, 100µm on a polymer support 32, in particular non-adhesive, thermoplastic, in particular PET preferably of at least 30µm or 50µm, and the other main face of the support comprising another crosslinked polymer adhesive layer 33 identical or not to the optical insulating layer (may be of any refractive index) in contact with the second face or alternatively with a polymer layer in particular thermoplastic and adhesive upper layer of the lamination interlayer such as a PVB, an EVA, a TPU.

[0273] Furthermore, a so-called framing layer 90 surrounds the perimeter of the optical insulating layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or cross-linked polymer, and is in contact with the optical insulating layer, which is in adhesive contact with the third face and the second face. The framing layer is offset from the clear glass 16. This framing layer 90, or sealing gasket, forms a protective barrier for the optical insulating layer. This framing layer 90 has an opaque area 81 (black) as a masking reinforcement against light exiting towards face F1.

[0274] For example, an inner masking layer 7' peripheral is on the fourth face 14 notably congruent or of lesser width than the width of the inner masking layer 7.

[0275] Furthermore, the diode support 5 is L-shaped with a portion facing the fourth face. For example, the inner glazing is smaller than the outer glazing, so the diodes are under the protruding portion of the second face 121. The diodes are side-emitting.

[0276] There figure 4 represents a schematic side-section view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle 400 in a fourth embodiment with peripheral light injection. figure 4' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 4 This embodiment differs from the first embodiment primarily in that a second module of diodes 4', 5' is added along the opposite longitudinal edge 22.

[0277] Furthermore, the optical insulating layer (tinted or colorless) is locally opaque (black) in the form of two black bands 82 along the coupling edges 21,22 offset from the clear glass 16 (under the internal masking layer 16). This can be achieved by adding a molecular coloring agent to the crosslinked polymer material.

[0278] Alternatively, the opaque area forms a peripheral opaque frame.

[0279] There figure 5 represents a schematic side-section view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 500 in a fifth embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0280] This embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment firstly in that the lamination interlayer has between the second face 12 and the optical insulating layer 31 a top adhesive layer 91 for example thermoplastic such as a PVB (preferably with plasticizers) of thickness about 0.4mm or an OCA film (of any refractive index in particular greater than n1), top adhesive layer 91 tinted or colorless.

[0281] The opaque zone 83 of the optical insulating layer forms a peripheral opaque frame.

[0282] The optical insulating layer 31 can be a film or alternatively a coating on a polymer support or even a coating on the third face 13.

[0283] There figure 6 represents a schematic side-section view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 600 in a sixth embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0284] This embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment firstly in that instead of the opaque area of ​​the optical insulating layer an internal opaque element 84 (masking reinforcement) is a peripheral area of ​​the upper adhesive layer 91 (two disjointed strips or frame).

[0285] The first sheet of glass 1 can remain tinted (VG10 etc) or be colorless.

[0286] This area 84 can alternatively be another opaque (black) material than the top adhesive layer 91. Alternatively, it can be an opaque PVB-based layer on the top PVB-based adhesive layer 91 (any main face of layer 91).

[0287] For example, diodes 4, 4' on PCB support 5.5' are side emission.

[0288] The optical insulating layer 31 can be a film on a polymer support or a coating on the third side 13.

[0289] There figure 7 represents a schematic side-section view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 700 in a seventh embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0290] This embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment primarily in that the lamination interlayer comprises, between the third face 13 and the optical insulating layer 31, a lower adhesive layer 91, for example, a thermoplastic such as PVB (preferably with plasticizers) approximately 0.4 mm thick, or an OCA (with any refractive index, particularly greater than n1), a colorless lower adhesive layer 92. The lower adhesive layer 92 is, for example, of the same material and / or thickness as the upper adhesive layer 91. The upper adhesive layer 91 may be omitted.

[0291] If the second sheet 2 is made of organic glass, for example PC, a TPU can be preferred for the lower adhesive layer 92, and the first sheet 1 can be made of tempered (thermally), tinted, or colorless glass. The upper adhesive layer 91 can be omitted. Furthermore, an optical extraction film 60 is inserted between the optical insulator layer 31 (film, etc.) and the lower adhesive layer 92. This film, in particular, is a polymer film with a thickness of 100 to 300 µm and has diffusing zones 6' on any of its main faces. The lower adhesive layer 92 is also present around the perimeter of the optical extraction film 60 (due to creep during the process, for example).

[0292] There figure 8 represents a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle 101 in a first embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. figure 8' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 8 .

[0293] This embodiment differs from the first mode 100 by the injection of light and the localization of the light source 4.

[0294] Diodes 4 on a support 5 are in a circular hole 18 (offset from the clear glass 16) through the second glass sheet, delimited by an internal wall 17 and closed by a cover 50 such as a metal sheet or any other optical shutter on the third side 13. The diode support 5 forms a cover bonded by an adhesive 61 to the fourth side 14. An opaque element 80 for masking the hole, cover and diodes, which is a black disc, is in the lamination interlayer under the internal masking layer 7.

[0295] And we doubled the means by adding other diodes 4 are in another through hole (offset from the clear glass 16), circular in shape closed by another hood 50' and masked by another opaque element 80' masking the hole, hood and diodes, which is a black disc.

[0296] The holes are located here on the front lateral edge of the roof 20.

[0297] The masking layer 7 is often wider at the front than at the rear 20'.

[0298] There figure 9 represents a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 201 in a second embodiment by light injection via an internal glass wall.

[0299] This embodiment 201 differs from the first previous embodiment 101 firstly in that the optical insulating layer 31 is a coating for example of at least 1, 10µm, 100µm on a polymer support 32, in particular thermoplastic (for example PET) preferably of at least 30µm or 50µm, and the other main face of the support comprising another crosslinked polymer adhesive layer 33 identical or not to the optical insulating layer (may be of any refractive index) in contact with the second face 12 or alternatively with a polymer layer in particular thermoplastic and upper adhesive of the lamination interlayer such as a PVB, an EVA, a TPU.

[0300] Furthermore, a so-called framing layer 90 surrounds the perimeter of the optical insulating layer 31 and layers 32 and 33. This framing layer 90 is preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or a cross-linked polymer and is in contact with the optical insulating layer, which is in adhesive contact with the third face and the second face. The framing layer is offset from the clear glass 16. This framing layer 90, or sealing joint, forms a protective layer for the optical insulating layer. This framing layer 90 has an opaque area 81' (black) as reinforcement to mask light exiting towards the first face (F1) and also to prevent light haloing exiting towards the fourth face (F4) due to the opaque area extending 5 cm beyond the wall 17 at the injection edge.

[0301] There figure 10 represents a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit of a motor vehicle 301 in a third embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. figure 10' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 10 .

[0302] This third embodiment differs from the previous 201 embodiment firstly in that two other 4',5' diode modules are added in two rear 17' holes near the rear lateral edge 20' of the glazing, in particular the roof.

[0303] A first opaque element 82' in the form of a peripheral lateral black band serves both to mask the two front holes and to act as an anti-halo, the band protruding 5cm from the walls 17 of the two front holes near the front lateral edge 20.

[0304] Various forms of internal opaque and anti-halo elements are possible.

[0305] For example, a second opaque 820 element in the form of a peripheral black rectangle serves both to mask a rear hole and as an anti-halation device; this rectangle extends 5cm beyond the wall of the first rear hole and is therefore present in the injection rim.

[0306] A third opaque 85' element in the form of a peripheral black disc serves both to mask the second rear hole and to act as an anti-halo, the black disc protruding 5cm from the wall of the second rear hole and therefore present in the injection rim.

[0307] Each of the first, second, and third opaque elements is an opaque zone of the optical insulating layer. Alternatively, this opaque zone, forming internal masking and / or anti-halation of the optical insulating layer, is two disjointed opaque peripheral bands or even an opaque frame that can extend to the edge of the second sheet and even cover all or part of that edge.

[0308] Extraction patterns 6 are for example of several forms, forming signage or not, for example pictogram for internal signage in the case of a windshield or side window (or roof).

[0309] There figure 11 represents a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 401 in a fourth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0310] This fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment 301 firstly in that additional diode modules are not necessarily added. The lamination interlayer comprises, between the second face 12 and the optical insulating layer 31, a top adhesive layer 91, for example thermoplastic such as PVB (preferably with plasticizers) of approximately 0.4 mm thickness, or OCA (of any refractive index, particularly greater than n1), top adhesive layer 91 tinted or colorless.

[0311] The opaque 83' internal and anti-halo area (band or disc or rectangle etc) of the optical insulating layer is in adhesive contact with this upper layer and with the hood and the third face 13.

[0312] Alternatively, another material could be chosen for this opaque area.

[0313] There figure 12 represents a schematic longitudinal section view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 501 in a fifth embodiment by light injection via an internal glass wall.

[0314] This embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment 401 firstly in that the upper adhesive layer 91 has an opaque peripheral area for masking the hole 84'.

[0315] The fourth side 14 has an internal masking layer 7', for example a black enamel which is anti-halo 89 at the injection edge for 5cm. The ITO-based layer is optionally omitted.

[0316] Another 6' light extraction element has been added to face 14.

[0317] There figure 13 represents a schematic side-section view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 601 in a sixth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0318] This embodiment differs from the third embodiment 301 firstly in that the fourth face 14 has an internal masking layer 7' for example a black enamel which is anti halo 89, 89' at the injection edge over 5cm.

[0319] The optical insulating layer 31 is locally tinted 84' to form a masking element for the front and rear holes.

[0320] To add extraction zones, a light-extracting film 60 was inserted between the optical insulating layer 31 and the third face 13.

[0321] The optical extractor film 60 guides light into the lower adhesive layer 92, specifically a polymer film with a thickness of 50 or 100 to 300 µm, featuring diffusing areas 6' on any main face. A frame adhesive layer 92' is also present around the perimeter of the optical extractor film 60, for example, based on PVB like the lower adhesive layer.

[0322] There figure 14 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 102 in a first embodiment by injection of light passing through the second sheet of glass 2, here inner sheet.

[0323] This embodiment differs from the first mode 100 by the injection of light and the localization of the light source 4.

[0324] Diodes 4 (here front-emitting) on ​​a support 5 are opposite (or offset) the fourth main face 14 F4 and optical coupling with the second sheet 2 is done via a light redirection element for guidance, local as an optical redirection film 9, on the side of the third main face (or fourth main face) facing the internal masking layer 7.

[0325] For example, it is a prismatic polymer film with prisms 93 and a flat part 94 glued or fixed by suction to the third face and of thickness between 100 and 300µm covered by the optical insulating layer 31. The film forms a longitudinal band like the linear type light source 4 along a longitudinal edge of the roof for example.

[0326] When placed on the F3 face, a reflective prismatic film is preferred, meaning one with a reflective layer deposited on the prisms. When placed on the F4 face, a transparent prismatic film is used.

[0327] If necessary, an opaque masking element 85 is within the interlayer 3 under the internal masking layer 7. It forms a longitudinal band 85 opposite the prismatic polymer film.

[0328] There figure 15 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass panel of a motor vehicle 202 in a second embodiment by injecting light through the glass 2. The figure 15' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of the figure 15 .

[0329] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 102 in that another light source 4' has been added to its PCB support 5', another redirecting film (prismatic reflector) 9' along the other longitudinal edge 10'. A masking layer 7' is added to the face F4 if necessary.

[0330] This embodiment also differs from the first embodiment 102 in that a local and peripheral area 86 of the optical insulating layer 31 along each longitudinal edge is opaque (black) serves both to mask each light source 4,4' and to prevent halos extending from the inner edge of the redirecting film (prismatic reflector) 9, 9' by 5cm.

[0331] In the following designs, the optical means are not necessarily duplicated.

[0332] There figure 16 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 302 in a third embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0333] This embodiment 302 differs from the last embodiment 202 in that the optical insulating layer 31 is framed by a peripheral sealing layer 90 in particular with an opaque masking zone 87 and possibly a part 87' of the optical insulating layer is opaque (black) and forms an anti-halo element protruding from the inner edge of the redirecting film 9 by 5cm.

[0334] There figure 17 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 402 in a fourth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0335] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 202 firstly in that the ITO-based layer has, if necessary, a 15' reserve at the light source 4. A top adhesive layer 91, for example, based on PVB carrying a PVB-based coating and opaque 87', has been added for masking.

[0336] There figure 18 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 502 in a fifth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0337] This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment 402 firstly in that the ITO-based layer 15 does not have a reserve at the light source 4. The optical insulating layer 31 has locally an opaque area 87' used for masking and antihalation extending 5cm beyond the inner edge of the redirecting film 9.

[0338] There figure 19 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 602 in a sixth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0339] This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment 502 primarily in that the optical insulating layer has a local opaque zone 88' serving only as an antihalation layer, extending 5 cm beyond the inner edge of the redirecting film 9. The upper adhesive layer 91 has a local opaque zone 89 serving for masking.

[0340] There figure 20 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 702 in a seventh embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0341] This embodiment differs from the preceding fourth embodiment 402 by two additions under the optical insulator layer 31 an extraction film 60 (as already described) with a diffusing layer 6' an inner adhesive layer 92 for example PVB (or TPU if sheet 2 in PC).

[0342] The fourth side 14 has a black anti-halo layer 89 extending 5cm from the inner edge of the redirector film 9, it is an area of ​​an inner masking layer 7' with a 70' gap at the diodes 4.

[0343] An internal anti-halation element can be added on the third side, extending 5cm beyond the inner edge of the redirector film 9.

[0344] There figure 21 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 802 in an eighth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0345] This embodiment 802 differs from the fifth embodiment 502 primarily in that the ITO-based layer has a cut-off at the light source 4, and the fourth face 14 has a black anti-halation layer 89 extending 5 cm beyond the inner edge of the redirecting film 9. The opaque internal masking layer 89' is a sealing frame surrounding the upper adhesive layer 91 and the optical insulator layer 31 (with its optional black local area 88' forming an anti-halation layer), and also the upper adhesive layer 91.

Claims

1. A luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle (100 to 802), comprising: - a laminated glazing, which preferably is curved, comprising: - a first sheet (1), made of mineral or organic glass, with a first main face (11) and a second main face (12) - a second sheet (2), made of mineral or organic glass, with a third bare or coated main face (13) and a fourth main face (14), which second sheet has a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 in the visible range, - a polymer lamination interlayer (3) in adhesive contact with the third bare or coated face and with the second bare or coated face - between the second face and the third face, an optical isolator layer (3, 31) optically isolating the second sheet from the first sheet, with a refractive index n1 in the visible range, and with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible range, the optical isolator layer having a thickness at least 500 nm, - preferably a light source (4) in optical coupling with the second light guide sheet, - preferably means for extracting guided light (6) in the second sheet, characterized in that the optical isolator layer is an adhesive layer made of crosslinked polymer material, forming all or part of the lamination interlayer.

2. The luminous vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the crosslinked polymer material of the optical isolator layer and / or of an upper or lower adhesive layer of the lamination interlayer made of crosslinked polymer material is chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, in particular of urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate,polysiloxanes, silicone, in particular polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer or polyepoxides, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester and in particular the crosslinked polymer material of the optical isolator layer is preferably selected from a polymer based on acrylate, in particular from urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or based on silicone, and the polymer further having a fluorinated function.

3. The luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one optical film (60) is between the optical isolator layer and the third face, and even in contact with the optical isolator layer, and in that the optical film, in particular polymer, is chosen from: - film called extractor film, forming means for extracting guided light in the second sheet or in a layer underlying the optical isolator layer - and / or local redirecting film, forming means for redirecting light in the second glass sheet coming from a light source (4) on the fourth face side or even offset from the glazing.

4. The luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical isolator layer, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face, is a coating on a polymer support (32), in particular thermoplastic and preferably with a thickness of at least 30 µm, and the other main face of the support optionally comprising another crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (33) in contact with the second face or with an upper adhesive and polymer, in particular thermoplastic, layer of the lamination interlayer.

5. The luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical isolator layer, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face and / or an upper or lower crosslinked polymer layer of the lamination interlayer, is a film based on crosslinked polymer, in particular of at least 30 µm, chosen from: - pressure-sensitive film, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face, and preferably selected from acrylate, urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or silicone-based polymers - a partially photo-crosslinked polymer post-adhesive film before assembly and photo-crosslinked after assembly, and preferably acrylate-based.

6. The luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a so-called framing layer surrounds the periphery of the optical isolator layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive or crosslinked polymer layer in contact with the optical isolator layer and even optionally in adhesive contact with the third face and even with the second face, in particular framing layer offset from a clear glass area.

7. The luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an opaque (80 to 85) peripheral element between the second and third face and even between an internal masking layer and the third face, in particular an internal masking of a light injection zone via a hole in the second sheet forming a light guide, preferably an interior glazing, or a light source on the fourth face, the second sheet preferably being interior glazing and forming a light guide.

8. The luminous vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the internal opaque element is a layer, in particular a locally opaque zone of the optical isolator layer or of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer such as a lower adhesive layer under the optical isolator layer or upper adhesive layer on the optical isolator layer or a framing layer on the periphery of the optical isolator layer or else a film, in particular polymer, inserted within the lamination interlayer.

9. The luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a peripheral light source, in particular under an internal masking layer, in optical coupling with the second sheet forming a light guide, preferably the interior glazing, and in that it comprises an opaque anti-halo element at the edge of a zone for injecting light into the guide, in contact with the third face, preferably having a width of at most 10 cm and / or in that it comprises another opaque anti-halo element on the fourth face facing an edge of a zone for injecting light into the guide, preferably having a width of at most 10 cm.

10. The luminous vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the internal anti-halo element has a refractive index n'1 in the visible range, such that n0-n'1 is at least 0.04 in the visible range and even at least 0.1 and in that the absolute value deviation n'1-n1 is at most 0.04 in the visible range and even at most 0.01.

11. The luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an injection of light from a light source in optical coupling with the second sheet forming a light guide, preferably a set of light-emitting diodes, is: 1) by an edge face of the second glass sheet 2) or by a wall of a hole of the second glass sheet, in particular hole offset from a clear glass area, facing an internal masking layer 3) or by a light redirecting element, local such as an optical redirecting film, on the third main face or fourth main face side, the light source then facing or being offset from the fourth main face, in particular direct optical coupling or by means of an optical system, in particular light source and light redirecting element offset from a clear glass area, facing an internal masking layer.

12. The luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sheet is the external sheet, the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windshield, a side window, or in that the first sheet is the internal sheet, the glazing is chosen from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing, in particular the external sheet is made of mineral glass.

13. A vehicle, in particular road vehicle incorporating at least one luminous glazing according to one of the preceding claims.

14. A method for manufacturing the luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of claims 1 to 12, comprising: - an assembly of the first glass sheet, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the optical isolator layer and the second glass sheet, the optical isolator layer is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film made of partially photo-crosslinkable polymer material before assembly or a coating on a polymer support, - a lamination comprising degassing and a positive pressurization.

15. The method for manufacturing the luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of claims 1 to 12, comprising assembling the first glass sheet, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the optical isolator layer and the second glass sheet, the method comprises, before assembly, depositing the optical isolator layer on the second and / or first glass sheet and preferably a photocrosslinking.