Recoil brake and barreled firearm

Abstract

The invention relates to a recoil brake (1) for braking recoiling masses of a barreled firearm, comprising: a hollow cylinder (10), which has an interior (11), the interior being filled with a fluid and having a high-pressure side (14) and a low-pressure side (12); a control rod (40), which is arranged in the hollow cylinder (10) and has an end (42), which is connected to the hollow cylinder (10); a piston rod (30), which surrounds the control rod (40) and is arranged within the hollow cylinder (10) for movement in an axial direction (A) of the hollow cylinder (10), wherein a piston (20), which is arranged for sliding in the axial direction (A), is formed on the piston rod (30), which piston fluidically separates the high-pressure side (14) from the low-pressure side (12). A distance (L) by which the piston (20) can slide in the axial direction (A) is at least as large as the recoil distance of the recoiling masses during the passage of a bullet through the barreled firearm.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a barrel brake for braking returning masses of a barrel weapon, comprising a hollow cylinder having an interior space filled with a fluid, a control rod arranged in the hollow cylinder, which has one end connected to the hollow cylinder, and a piston rod surrounding the control rod, which is arranged within the hollow cylinder so as to be movable in an axial direction of the hollow cylinder.

[0002] Furthermore, the application relates to a barrel weapon, in particular a large-caliber weapon, comprising at least one such barrel brake.

[0003] For the accuracy of barreled weapons, especially large-caliber barreled weapons, it is important that the barrel is not subjected to vibration during the bullet's passage. Today's large-caliber barrels feature a recoil that is slowed down by barrel brakes. The braking force is usually generated by a fluid brake, which is dependent on the distance traveled by the recoil. A hydraulic fluid is forced through a control gap. The control gap varies with the recoil, thus controlling the braking force.

[0004] DE 10 2017 103 052 A1 discloses a pipe brake with a hollow cylinder filled with fluid. Within the hollow cylinder is a movable piston rod and a control rod arranged within the piston rod. The control rod has a variable control profile.

[0005] From DE 30 15 126 A1 a hydropneumatic barrel pre-hollower and a barrel brake for a recoil gun are known, wherein a piston rod is formed in a hollow cylinder, which has a piston firmly connected to the piston rod.

[0006] US 4,502,366 and DE 29 43 083 B1 disclose a hydraulic recoil brake with a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod arranged therein.

[0007] A barrel brake is known from EP 0 351 501 A1. The barrel brake comprises a hollow cylinder filled with fluid. A control rod is arranged in the hollow cylinder, and one end of the control rod is connected to the hollow cylinder. A piston rod is formed integrally with a piston around the control rod and is movable within the hollow cylinder. When a projectile is fired and passes through the weapon barrel, the weapon barrel moves backward. The brake piston, formed integrally with the piston rod, generates a braking force during this time. The barrel brake also has a piston ring behind the piston. The piston and the piston ring have a bore such that the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side are connected through the piston and the piston ring in the rest position. The bore is designed for a forward throttle.

[0008] DE 737 376 C describes a barrel brake with the features of the preamble of claim 1. The barrel brake comprises a hollow cylinder filled with fluid, an axially movable piston rod arranged in the hollow cylinder, a piston movably arranged on the piston rod, and a control rod arranged in the piston rod. The piston separates a low-pressure side from a high-pressure side. A guide gap is formed between the piston rod and the control rod, which only connects the low-pressure side to the high-pressure side after a time delay after a projectile has been fired and thus after the control rod has been displaced by the recoil, so that the fluid can be displaced from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side during the braking process of a recoiling weapon barrel connected to the piston rod. For the subsequent advance of the weapon barrel, additional passages are provided, which are only effective in this direction.

[0009] Due to the design of the known weapon brakes, a braking force is generated as the bullet passes through the weapon barrel, which causes vibrations in the barrel. This has a negative impact on the weapon's accuracy.

[0010] Based on this, the invention is based on the object of creating a barrel brake which enables a free return of the barrel while the projectile is still in the barrel and in which the fluid flow is simplified.

[0011] This object is achieved by the pipe brake of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.

[0012] According to the invention, a barrel brake is provided for braking returning masses of a barrel weapon, comprising a hollow cylinder having an interior space filled with a fluid, a control rod arranged in the hollow cylinder, which control rod has one end connected to the hollow cylinder, a piston rod surrounding the control rod, which is arranged within the hollow cylinder so as to be movable in an axial direction of the hollow cylinder, wherein a piston arranged so as to be displaceable in the axial direction is formed on the piston rod, which piston separates a high-pressure side from a low-pressure side of the interior fluidly separates.

[0013] Furthermore, according to the invention, a barrel weapon according to claim 10 is provided, which has at least one barrel brake such as this or one further developed as described below.

[0014] The barrel weapon is preferably one that typically has one or more barrel brakes. Such a weapon is preferably a medium- or large-caliber weapon.

[0015] Recoil masses are those parts of a gun that are deflected in the opposite direction of fire due to recoil. These include, in particular, the gun barrel and bolt.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the control rod is circumferentially connected to the hollow cylinder.

[0017] The hollow cylinder has a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side. While the weapon barrel is decelerated by the barrel brake and the piston rod and piston move through the hollow cylinder, the pressure on the high-pressure side is higher than on the low-pressure side.

[0018] Preferably, the hollow cylinder of the barrel brake is connected to the cradle of the barrel weapon, and the piston rod is connected to the weapon's recoiling masses. However, it is also possible for the barrel brake to be connected to the weapon's recoiling masses, and the piston rod to the cradle.

[0019] The piston rod is movable within the hollow cylinder in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder.

[0020] The piston is arranged on the piston rod so that it can move in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder.

[0021] This allows the barrel to recoil freely while a fired projectile travels through the barrel. The barrel brake has no braking effect during this time. The barrel brake's braking effect only kicks in after the projectile has left the barrel. The barrel brake also prevents a slight residual braking force. This minimizes vibrations in the barrel during the projectile's travel. This has a positive effect on the accuracy of the barrel weapon.

[0022] In an advantageous further development of the pipe brake, it can be provided that the piston fluidically separates the high-pressure side from the low-pressure side in such a way that, in particular in a region between an outer contour of the piston rod and an inner contour of the

[0023] Hollow cylinder, fluidic communication between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side through the piston is prevented. This ensures that the piston can move freely on the piston rod without the fluid being able to flow through the piston between an outer contour of the piston rod and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder. The piston seals this area between the outer contour of the piston rod and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder.

[0024] The fluid is preferably a hydraulic fluid.

[0025] Furthermore, the barrel brake can provide that the axially displaceable path of the piston in the axial direction is at least as large as the return path of the returning masses during a bullet passage through the barrel weapon.

[0026] This ensures that a bullet has left the gun barrel before the barrel brake engages, so that the barrel of a gun is stimulated to vibrate as little as possible.

[0027] In an advantageous embodiment of the pipe brake, the piston can further be provided with two essentially radially extending end faces. This ensures a compact piston design and even pressure distribution across the piston. Furthermore, structural weaknesses are avoided and a good sealing effect is achieved.

[0028] Preferably, the pipe brake can be designed such that the piston has a high-pressure side end face, the entire end face of which corresponds to the high-pressure side in a rest position. Furthermore, it can be provided that the end face also corresponds to the high-pressure side in a stop position and a position between the rest position and the stop position.

[0029] In an advantageous further development, the pipe brake can provide that the piston has a low-pressure side end face, the entire end face of which corresponds at all times to the low-pressure side.

[0030] Furthermore, the piston rod can be provided with a substantially cylindrical outer contour along its entire length. This allows the piston to be axially displaced over a large distance. Thus, even relatively slow projectiles can exit the weapon barrel before the barrel brake takes effect.

[0031] In the design of the piston, it is provided that a control gap is formed within the piston rod, between the piston rod and the control rod, which connects the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, wherein the piston rod has at least one

[0032] opening that connects the high pressure side and the control gap.

[0033] Preferably, the opening is arranged in front of a rest position of the piston.

[0034] Alternatively, the opening can also be arranged behind a rest position of the piston, so that the opening is only released when the piston has passed the opening.

[0035] This ensures that during the braking process the fluid can only flow through the control gap from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side and thus a defined braking effect is achieved due to the dimensioning of the control gap.

[0036] The rest position is understood to be the position of the displaceably arranged piston in which the piston is located before the shot is fired.

[0037] Furthermore, it can be provided that the control gap communicates with the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side when the piston is in the rest position. For this purpose, the control gap has an opening connected to the high-pressure side and an opening connected to the low-pressure side.

[0038] The control gap and the piston are positioned and, in the case of the piston, movable in such a way that the control gap is never closed by the piston. Thus, the piston does not close the control gap in the rest position, in the end position, or in a position between the rest position and the end position.

[0039] Furthermore, it can be provided that the piston has a chamfer on the high-pressure side end face, which has the same angle of inclination as the opening.

[0040] Preferably, in the rest position, the contour of the opening is extended by the chamfer of the piston.

[0041] In the event that the piston is arranged at least partially above the opening in its rest position, this results in improved hydrodynamics when flowing through the control gap in the area of ​​the opening.

[0042] In a further development of the pipe brake, it can be provided that the pipe brake has a stop element arranged on the piston rod to provide an end stop in an end position of the piston.

[0043] The invention will be explained below using an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

[0044] It shows: Fig. 1 a schematic sectional view of a pipe brake according to the invention.

[0045] Fig. 1shows a schematic sectional view of a barrel brake 1 according to the invention. The barrel brake 1 is intended for braking the recoiling masses of a barrel weapon. The barrel brake 1 comprises a hollow cylinder 10 having an interior space 11 filled with a fluid. The interior space 11 has a high-pressure side 14 and a low-pressure side 12.

[0046] Furthermore, the pipe brake 1 comprises a control rod 40 arranged in the hollow cylinder 10. The control rod 40 has an end 42 connected to the hollow cylinder 10. For this purpose, the control rod 40 and the hollow cylinder 10 are preferably screwed together. Thus, the control rod 40 is not movable relative to the hollow cylinder 10 in the assembled state.

[0047] The pipe brake 1 further comprises a piston rod 30 surrounding the control rod 40, which is arranged within the hollow cylinder 10 in an axial direction A of the hollow cylinder 10 relative to the hollow cylinder 10 and the control rod 40. The piston rod 30 is, as shown in Fig. 1 visible a tubular component in which the control rod 40 is arranged.

[0048] The hollow cylinder 10 of the barrel brake 1 is connected to a cradle of the barrel weapon, and the piston rod 30 is connected to the returning masses of the weapon. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the hollow cylinder 10 to be connected to the returning masses of the weapon, and the piston rod 30 to be connected to the cradle.

[0049] Furthermore, a piston 20, which is displaceable in an axial direction A, is arranged within the hollow cylinder 10. The outer diameter is dimensioned such that it is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder 10, so that they form a clearance fit that allows the piston 20 to be displaced within the hollow cylinder 10 in the axial direction A. Furthermore, the piston 20 has seals so that it is sealed at its outer diameter relative to the hollow cylinder 10.

[0050] The piston rod 30 is mounted within the piston 20 and is displaceable relative to the piston, so that the piston 20 is arranged on the piston rod 30 and is displaceable in the axial direction A, fluidically separating the high-pressure side 14 from the low-pressure side 12. The piston 20 is axially displaceable along the piston rod 30 between a rest position R and an end position E.

[0051] Furthermore, a stop element 50 is arranged on one end of the piston rod 30 to provide an end stop in an end position E of the piston 20. Furthermore, the stop element 50 serves to hold an elastic means 16 on the piston rod 30 and to provide an end stop for the elastic means 16.

[0052] The other side of the elastic means 16 is supported on the piston 20 and ensures that the piston 20 can have a defined preload relative to the stop element 50. In one embodiment, the elastic means 16 is, for example, a spring. For this purpose, the stop element 50 is, for example, screwed onto the piston rod 30 and / or secured by a screw.

[0053] The piston 20 is arranged on the piston rod 30 and is displaceable in the axial direction A, fluidically separating the high-pressure side 14 from the low-pressure side 12. The piston 20 is axially displaceable along the piston rod 30 between a rest position R and an end position E. The rest position R defines a position of the piston 20 before a projectile is fired, and the end position E of the piston 20 is defined by the stop element 50 arranged on the piston rod 30. Furthermore, the piston 20 and piston rod 30 are axially displaceable together relative to the hollow cylinder 10.

[0054] The piston 20 fluidically separates the high-pressure side 14 from the low-pressure side 12 such that, particularly in a region B between an outer contour of the piston rod 30 and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder 10, no fluidic communication is established between the high-pressure side 14 and the low-pressure side 12 through the piston 20. Rather, the fluid for fluidic communication must flow through a control gap 34 that connects the high-pressure side 14 to the low-pressure side 12.

[0055] The control gap 34 is formed within the piston rod 30, in particular between the piston rod 30 and the control rod 40. The piston rod 30 has at least one opening 32 that connects the high-pressure side 14 and the control gap 34, wherein the opening 32 is arranged in front of the rest position R of the piston 20. Alternatively, the at least one opening 32 can also be arranged such that it is only opened upon displacement of the piston 20 on the piston rod 30 (not shown).

[0056] The other side of the control gap 34 is connected to the low pressure side 12 via another opening, so that the control gap 34 connects the high pressure side 14 and the low pressure side 12.

[0057] A path L of the piston 20 which is axially displaceable in the axial direction A is at least as large as the return path of the returning masses during a projectile passage through the gun barrel, i.e. the path which the returning mass travels until the projectile leaves the gun barrel.

[0058] While the weapon barrel is braked by the barrel brake 1 and the piston rod 30 moves together with the piston 20 through the hollow cylinder 10, the pressure on the high-pressure side 14 is higher than on the low-pressure side 12.

[0059] The piston 20 has two essentially radially extending end faces 22, 24. One of the two end faces 22, 24 is a high-pressure side end face 24, the entire end face 24 of which corresponds to the high-pressure side 14 in a rest position R. The other end face is a low-pressure side end face 22, which corresponds to the low-pressure side 12 at all times.

[0060] On the high-pressure side end face 24, the piston 20 has a chamfer 28 which has the same angle of inclination as the opening 32. In the Fig.1 In the rest position R shown, the contour 33 of the opening 32 is extended by the chamfer 28 of the piston 20.

[0061] The low-pressure side end face 22 has a groove in which the elastic means 16 is mounted.

[0062] When a projectile is fired and moves through the barrel, the returning mass of the gun moves back. The piston rod 30, which is also connected to the returning parts of the gun, also moves back, so that the piston rod 30 moves relative to the piston 20 within the hollow cylinder 10 of the barrel brake 1 in the axial direction A. The piston 20 remains in its position due to its mass inertia. This relative displacement continues while the projectile moves through the barrel. The axially displaceable path L of the piston 20 on the piston rod 30 is dimensioned such that the piston rod 30 moves relative to the piston 20 for the entire time it takes the projectile to pass through the gun barrel, and the returning mass can move back unbraked.In other words, the path L between the rest position R and the end position E of the piston 20 on the piston rod 30 is chosen to be so large that the projectile has left the weapon barrel before the piston 20 rests against the stop element 50.

[0063] As the piston 20 travels back on the piston rod 30, the elastic means 16, designed as a spring, in particular as a compression spring, is compressed. Only when the projectile has left the weapon barrel does the piston 20 reach the stop element 50 and is carried along by the piston rod 30, so that from this point on, the piston 20 and piston rod 30 move together through the hollow cylinder 10 of the barrel brake 1 and the braking effect of the barrel brake 1 begins. For this purpose, the fluid is pressed through the at least one opening 32 in the piston rod 30 through the control gap 34 from the high-pressure side 14 to the low-pressure side 12, whereby the braking pressure builds up and the braking force of the barrel brake is generated.

[0064] Insofar as the above disclosure relates to a barrel brake 1 as such, it shall also be deemed to be disclosed for a barrel weapon with such a barrel brake 1. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

[0065] 1Pipe brake 10Hollow cylinder 11Interior 12Low-pressure side 14High-pressure side 16Elastic means 20Piston 22Low-pressure side face 24High-pressure side face 28Chamfer 30Piston rod 32Opening 34Control gap 40Control rod 42Fixed end of the control rod 50Stop element AAxial direction BRange EEnd position LAxially movable path RRest position

Claims

1. Recoil brake (1) for braking recoiling masses of a barreled firearm, comprising a hollow cylinder (10) having an interior (11) filled with a fluid, a control rod (40) arranged in the hollow cylinder (10) having an end (42) that is connected to the hollow cylinder (10), a piston rod (30) surrounding the control rod (40) and arranged movably within the hollow cylinder (10) in an axial direction (A) of the hollow cylinder (10), wherein a piston (20) formed on the piston rod (30) is arranged displaceably in the axial direction (A) and fluidically separates a high-pressure side (14) from a low-pressure side (12) of the interior (11), and wherein a control gap (34) is formed within the piston rod (30), between the piston rod (30) and the control rod (40), which connects the high-pressure side (14) and the low-pressure side (12), wherein the piston rod (30) has at least one opening (32) that connects the high-pressure side (14) and the control gap (34), characterized in that the control gap (34) and the piston (20) are positioned such that the control gap (34) is never closed by the piston (20).

2. Recoil brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (20) fluidically separates the high-pressure side (14) from the low-pressure side (12) such that, particularly in an area (B) between an outer contour of the piston rod (30) and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder (10), a fluidic communication between the high-pressure side (14) and the low-pressure side (12) through the piston (20) is prevented.

3. Recoil brake (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an axially displaceable distance (L) of the piston (20) in the axial direction (A) is at least as large as the recoil distance of the recoiling masses during a passage of a bullet through the barreled firearm.

4. Recoil brake (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (20) has two, essentially radially running, end faces (22, 24).

5. Recoil brake (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the end face (24) of the piston (20) is a high-pressure-side end face (24), whose entire end face (24) corresponds to the high-pressure side (14) in an idle position (R).

6. Recoil brake (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the end face (22) of the piston (20) is a low-pressure-side end face (22), whose entire end face corresponds to the low-pressure side (12) at all times.

7. Recoil brake (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston rod (30) has an essentially cylindrical outer contour over its entire length.

8. Recoil brake (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (20) has a chamfer (28) on the high-pressure-side end face (24), which has the same angle of inclination as the opening (32).

9. Recoil brake (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recoil brake (1) includes a stop element (50) arranged on the piston rod (30) for providing an end stop in an end position (E) of the piston (20).

10. Barreled firearm comprising at least one recoil brake (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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