Loom and guide beam

Abstract

The invention relates to a loom (20) having two guide beams (22a, 22b), which are movable relative to each other, for warp threads (31a to 35b) to be guided to a cloth beam (28), wherein the guide beams (22a, 22b) with the warp threads (31a to 35b) can optionally form an open V-shed or a closed shed for receiving weft threads, and wherein the guide beams (22a, 22b) are fitted with hooks (23a to 27b), in which the warp threads (31a to 35b) are guided. According to the invention, at least one of the following features is provided: a) the two guide beams (22a, 22b) are at different distances from the cloth beam (28) along the warp threads (31a to 35b); b) at least one hook (23a to 27b) is movable relative to its guide beam (22a, 22b); c) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is rotatable; d) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is movable in the direction toward the cloth beam (28) and back with a movement component.

Description

[0001] In traditional looms, warp threads are stretched from a warp beam to a cloth beam. Shafts with heddles, which move perpendicular to the warp threads, move the warp threads apart, forming a diamond-shaped shed. A weft thread is then inserted along the shed.

[0002] A completely different principle of a loom is shown in the aforementioned DE202020002061U1. The loom has two warp beams, from which warp threads run to the cloth beam, forming a V-shaped shed. Guide beams with hooks allow the warp threads to be temporarily moved to form a diamond-shaped shed, see [reference]. Fig. 2 and 4DE202020002061U1. Thus, there is a change between an open V-shaped compartment and a closed, diamond-shaped compartment, or between an open V-position and a closed position. Guide trees and hooks are depicted in the aforementioned figures in such a way that the movement of the hooks and guide trees is limited. In the aforementioned Fig. 2 If the hooks of one guide tree were to continue moving laterally, they would collide with the opposite guide tree.

[0003] From RU173703U1, a weaving machine with a shed forming device for three-axis weaving is known. Heddle frames movable relative to each other hold axially displaceable heddle carriers with heddles for guiding warp threads.

[0004] US patent 8001998B2 discloses a horizontal loom with movable hooks for holding weft threads.

[0005] Starting from the loom with guide trees and temporarily open V-shed known from DE202020002061U1, the object of the present invention is to create a loom with greater flexibility and mobility of the hooks and guide trees.

[0006] To solve the problem, the loom according to the invention has the features of claim 1. According to this claim, at least one of the following features is provided: a) the two guide trees have different distances to the warp tree along the warp threads, b) at least one hook is movable relative to its guide tree, c) at least one guide tree is rotatable, d) at least one guide tree is movable with a movement component towards the warp tree and back.

[0007] Each of these features allows for a greater depth of movement of the guide trees and hooks, particularly during the movement to form the diamond-shaped shed or the closed position. Each hook has a hook jaw held on a bar. The respective warp thread is guided in the hook jaw. The hook jaws can be guided past the opposing guide trees by the features a to d mentioned above. This allows the shed to have a greater width in the closed position.

[0008] The distances along the warp threads mentioned in a) result from the length of the warp threads between the cloth beam and the guide beams, not from a shortest straight line between the cloth beam and the guide beams. The rotatability of the guide beam in b) refers specifically to a rotation of the guide beam about its longitudinal axis and is limited to an angular range of 5 to 30°. The movement component towards the cloth beam in d) ensures that the guide beams can move not only towards each other, but also in other directions.

[0009] The aforementioned features a to d can be combined in any way, either by realization only one of the features a, b, c, d, or a combination of two features ab, ac, ad, bc, bd, cd or a combination of three features abc, abd, acd, bcd, or all features abc d.

[0010] Weaving machines are also looms within the meaning of the invention. The important features are the arrangement with guide beams, a temporary V-shed, and preferably a division of the otherwise conventional warp beam into at least two warp beams.

[0011] Advantageously, the loom according to the invention is designed such that the cloth beam is arranged below the two guide beams and the V-shed is open at the top. In this embodiment, a weft thread can be inserted into the shed with the assistance of gravity.

[0012] According to a further aspect of the invention, at least one guide tree can be formed from individual guide tree segments, wherein, in particular, at least one guide tree segment is individually movable relative to the other guide tree segments. This provides a high degree of flexibility with regard to the shed formation and movement of the warp threads. Preferably, each guide tree segment has exactly one hook. Alternatively, a guide tree segment can have several hooks, for example, two, three, or more. According to a further aspect of the invention, a guide tree segment can also be movable along a longitudinal axis of the associated guide tree. This allows warp threads to be moved individually or in groups along the longitudinal direction of the guide tree, for example, when exchanging the positions of the warp threads.

[0013] According to a further aspect of the invention, at least one guide tree segment can be rotatable about a longitudinal axis of the associated guide tree. This allows the hooks to pivot about the longitudinal axis of the guide tree. Preferably, several or all guide tree segments are rotatable. The rotation is particularly limited to an angular range of 5 to 30°. The longitudinal axis preferably runs through the guide tree, but can also run outside the silhouette of the guide tree.

[0014] In the loom according to the invention, the guide beams have guides for the hooks, the hooks being inserted into the guides. The guides enable precise positioning of the hooks in or on the guide beams.

[0015] According to a further aspect of the invention, the guides for the hooks can be bores in the guide trees. The hooks are supported on all sides by these bores, except in the longitudinal direction of the bores.

[0016] According to a further aspect of the invention, the guides for the hooks can be slots in the guide trees. This simplifies the insertion of the hooks into the guides.

[0017] In the loom according to the invention, at least one of the hooks is movable in its guide relative to its guide beam. In the case of bores as guides, the hooks are displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the bores. In the slots, the hooks can also be displaceable in the longitudinal direction and additionally be movable transversely thereto, for example for insertion and removal.

[0018] Advantageously, the guides or bores or slots are designed to fit the hooks so that the latter are held securely in the guides, especially when movement of the hooks relative to the guide tree is not desired.

[0019] According to a further aspect of the invention, the hooks have laterally open hook mouths. This allows the warp threads to be removed from and reinserted into the hook mouths with a simple transverse movement. Alternatively, the hook mouths are designed like a threaded section or thread pitch and extend over more than 360 degrees. This ensures that the warp threads are held particularly securely in the hook mouths.

[0020] The guide beam in the loom according to the invention has guides for the hooks, wherein the hooks are inserted into the guides and at least one of the hooks is movable within its guide relative to its guide beam. Additionally, the guide beam can be rotatable about its longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axis preferably runs through the guide beam, but can also run outside the outline of the guide beam.

[0021] The guide tree can be subdivided into individual guide tree segments that are sequential along the longitudinal axis of the guide tree. In this case, the guide tree is not a single, elongated component, but exists only virtually as long as the guide tree segments are arranged along a common longitudinal axis.

[0022] The guide beam segments can be moved individually. This allows for maximum flexibility in positioning the hooks within a loom.

[0023] Each guide tree segment can carry at least one, preferably exactly one, hook. Alternatively, each guide tree segment can carry two, three, or more hooks. Guide tree segments with varying numbers of hooks can also be combined.

[0024] The invention also relates to a method for operating a (preferably according to the invention) loom with guide beam segments, wherein the position of a warp thread is changed by removing a guide beam segment with hook and warp thread from its position in the guide beam and inserting the guide beam segment with hook and warp thread into another position.

[0025] Advantageously, the position of two guide tree segments can be swapped by removing them from their positions in the guide tree and inserting each segment into the former position of the other. This allows for manipulation of the warp threads by manipulating the guide tree segments.

[0026] The invention also relates to a method for operating a (preferably according to the invention) loom, wherein the position of a warp thread is changed by releasing a hook guiding the warp thread from its guide in the guide tree and inserting the hook into another guide.

[0027] Advantageously, the position of two warp threads can be exchanged by releasing the hooks guiding the warp threads from their guides in the guide beam and inserting each hook into the former guide of the other hook. The warp threads can thus be manipulated by manipulating the hooks.

[0028] The invention also relates to a method for operating a loom (preferably according to the invention), wherein the position of a warp thread is changed by releasing the warp thread from its hook and transferring it to another hook. This makes it possible, for example, to create contour shifts and shape the fabric being produced. The warp thread can be transferred to a free hook or to a hook already occupied by a warp thread.

[0029] According to this variant of the invention, the position of two warp threads is exchanged by releasing the warp threads from their hooks and repositioning each of the two warp threads into the former hook of the other warp thread. The manipulation of only the warp thread can be carried out relatively quickly with suitable automatically controlled manipulators, without taking the mass of the hooks into account.

[0030] According to a further aspect of the inventive method, the position of the warp threads can be changed during a V-position of the loom. In the V-position, the warp threads, hooks, and guide beam segments are particularly easily accessible.

[0031] Further features of the invention will become apparent from the description below and from the claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. These show: Fig. 1a a first embodiment with a perspective top view obliquely from above of the most important parts of a loom in open position, namely with warp beams, guide beams with hooks, warp threads and cloth beam, in a configuration PN RN SN SN, Fig. 1b the loom according to Fig. 1ain front view, i.e. with a viewing direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the cloth beam, Fig. 2aden loom of the first embodiment in a view obliquely from above in closed position, in a configuration PY RN SN SN, Fig. 2bden loom according to Fig. 2a in front view, Fig. 3a a second embodiment of the loom obliquely from above in open position, in a configuration PN RY SN SN, Fig. 3b the loom according to Fig. 3a in front view, Fig. 4aden Loom of the second embodiment in a view obliquely from above in closed position, in a configuration PY RY SN SN, Fig. 4bden Loom according to Fig. 4a in front view, Fig. 5a a third embodiment of the loom obliquely from above in open position, in a configuration PX RX SX SY, Fig. 5b the loom according to Fig. 5ain front view, Fig. 6a a fourth embodiment of the loom obliquely from above in closed position, in a configuration PX RX SY SY, Fig. 6b the loom according to Fig. 6a in front view, Fig. 7a a fifth embodiment of the loom obliquely from above in closed position, in a configuration PX RN SN SY, Fig. 7b the loom according to Fig. 7a In front view, Fig. 8 a schematic representation of a manipulator for a guide tree segment, Fig. 9 a guide tree segment with bore as a guide for a hook, Fig. 10 a guide tree segment with slot as a guide for a hook.

[0032] The starting point is a loom as depicted in DE 202020002061U1, namely with two warp beams, two guide beams, hooks on the guide beams for guiding the warp threads, and a cloth beam below the guide beams arranged in a horizontal plane. By moving the guide beams with the hooks, the warp threads can be moved to form an upwardly open shed ( Fig. 1 and 3 the DE202020002061U1) and a compartment closed on all sides ( Fig. 2 and 4(DE 202020002061U1). The open shed can also be referred to as the V-state or V-position of the warp threads. In contrast, the closed shed can be referred to as the diamond state or closed position of the warp threads. In both the V-state and the diamond state, the respective shed can accommodate a weft thread. In the V-state, there is greater freedom regarding the selection and insertion of the weft thread. The weft thread can be continuous, it can be very thick, for example, in the form of a strand of wool. Almost any material can also be inserted in the form of short sections. The feed can be controlled from above by a mechanism or by gravity. All of the aforementioned features and all of the features listed in DE 202020002061U1 are also significant or may be significant in connection with the following embodiments.Preferably, the following embodiments should demonstrate deviations from the loom known from DE 202020002061U1.

[0033] The first embodiment according to the Fig. 1a , 1b The diagram shows a loom 20 with two warp beams 21a, 21b, two guide beams 22a, 22b, hooks 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a, 23b, 24b, 25b, 26b, 27b and a cloth beam 28. Each hook 23a to 27b has a shank 29a or 29b and a hook mouth 30a or 30b. From the warp beams, warp threads 31a, 32a, 33a, 34a, 35a are led down to the cloth beam 28 from the upper left and warp threads 31b, 32b, 33b, 34b, 35b from the upper right. Each warp thread 31a to 35b is guided in its respective corresponding hook 23a to 27b, here in the respective corresponding hook mouth 30a, 30b.

[0034] The warp beams 21a, 21b extend in a common horizontal plane. Below them, the guide beams 22a, 22b extend in another common horizontal plane. Further below, and parallel to the guide beams 22a, 22b, extends the goods beam 28.

[0035] The loom 20 is shown in its V-position, i.e., with an open shed. The diamond position can be achieved by moving the guide beams towards each other, in the direction of arrows 36a, 36b. Alternatively or additionally, the hooks 23a to 27b can be moved within the guide beams 22a, 22b.

[0036] Preferably, the guide trees 22a, 22b are subdivided into individual guide tree segments 37a, 38a, 39a, 40a, 41a and 37b, 38b, 39b, 40b, 41b, respectively. Each guide tree segment 37a to 41b carries one hook 23a to 27b. Alternatively, individual guide tree segments can be provided without hooks or with multiple hooks.

[0037] In particular, the warp beams 21a, 21b are also subdivided into individual segments, as is the merchandise beam 28.

[0038] To better distinguish and understand each embodiment, a signature of its most important properties is assigned to it, namely PMovability of hooks 23a to 27b, RRotatability of guide tree segments 37a to 41b or guide trees 22a, 22b in total, Isolated movement of individual guide tree segments 37a to 41b, SSpecial movement or mobility of components.

[0039] For each of the four aforementioned characteristics, a degree of fulfillment is specified, namely Yes or present, No or not present, Both.

[0040] For the exemplary embodiment of the Fig. 1a , 1b The signature PN RN SN SN should apply, namely PN: no displacement of hooks 23a to 27b in guide trees 22a, 22b, RN: no rotation of guide trees 22a, 22b or guide tree segments 27a to 41b, SN: no individual movement of guide tree segments 37a to 41b, SN: no special movement or mobility.

[0041] The Fig. 2a , 2b These also refer to the first embodiment, but represent a closed compartment. This is formed by advancing all hooks 23a to 27b relative to their guide trees 22a, 22b. This results in the configuration PY RN SN SN: PY:Hooks are advanced relative to the guide trees, RN:Guide trees and hooks are in the same plane and are not inclined, SN:Guide tree segments are not moved individually, SN:No special movement or mobility.

[0042] The Fig. 3a and 3bA second embodiment is shown. Unless otherwise depicted, it is identical to the first embodiment. The guide trees 22a, 22b are rotatable about their longitudinal axis or tiltable in some other way, so that the hooks 23a to 27a of one guide tree 22a form a particularly obtuse angle with the hooks 23b to 27b of the other guide tree 22b and do not lie in a horizontal and / or common plane. The angle of the hooks 23a to 27b relative to a horizontal orientation is 15 to 20°, but can also be lower or larger, approximately between 5 and 45°. Due to the angled position of the hooks 23a to 27b, they can be advanced—relative to the guide tree 22a, 22b or guide tree segment 37a to 41b, or together with the guide tree or guide tree segment—without colliding with the respective opposite guide tree 22a, 22b.

[0043] The in the Fig. 3a , 3bThe inclined position of the guide trees 22a, 22b shown can either be achieved by a fixed arrangement or by a corresponding adjustability of the guide trees 22a, 22b.

[0044] According to the arrangement and mobility of the guide trees 22a, 22b and hooks 23a to 27b, the following results for the embodiment in the Fig. 3a , 3b the configuration PN RY SN SN: PN:Hook not advanced, RY:Guide trees angled or rotated, SN:Guide tree segments not moved individually, SN:No special movement or mobility.

[0045] Fig. 4a , 4b affect as well as the Fig. 3a , 3b The second embodiment. Shown is the formation of a closed compartment by advancing all hooks 23a to 27b relative to the guide trees 22a, 22b. The resulting configuration is PY RY SN SN: PY:Hooks are advanced, RY:Guide trees with hooks are inclined, SN:Guide tree segments not moved individually, SN:No special movement or mobility.

[0046] The third embodiment is shown in the Fig. 5a , 5b In guide trees 22a, 22b, the rearmost guide tree segments 37a, 37b are inclined relative to the other guide tree segments, which are aligned in a common plane, along with their hooks 23a, 23b. Simultaneously, in guide trees 22a, 22b, the middle hooks 25a, 25b are slightly forward, while the rearmost hooks 23a, 23b are strongly forward, and the remaining hooks 24a, 24b, 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b are not forward. Guide trees 22a, 22b are also not forward. In this configuration, an open compartment is formed in the center, and two closed compartments are formed on each side; see in particular... Fig. 5bThis makes it possible to produce a so-called double fabric, consisting of two reinforced fabrics plus an injection of material from above.

[0047] According to the diagram, the configuration is PX RX SX SY: PX: Hook partially advanced, partially not, RX: Hook and guide tree segments partially inclined and partially not inclined, SX: Hook partially advanced and partially not, SY: Formation of several closed compartments simultaneously.

[0048] The third embodiment does not show a closed position.

[0049] A fourth embodiment is shown in the Fig. 6a , 6b In contrast to the second embodiment ( Figs. 3a to 4bHere, the central guide tree segments 39a, 39b are not inclined, but aligned in a common plane with their corresponding hooks 25a, 25b. At the same time, the central hooks 25a, 25b are not advanced, while the remaining hooks 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b, 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b are each advanced. This results in a total of three closed compartments, see [reference]. Fig. 6b This allows for the simultaneous insertion of three threads to produce a fabric with three weft threads. As shown, the resulting configuration is PX RX SY SY: PX: some hooks are advanced and some are not, RX: some guide tree segments with hooks are inclined, some are not, SY: individual guide tree segments deviate from others, SY: formation of several closed compartments at the same time.

[0050] A corresponding constellation with an open compartment is not shown.

[0051] Fig. 7a , 7bFigure 5 shows a fifth embodiment. The guide trees 22a, 22b are offset vertically from each other. The guide trees with hooks are not inclined in this figure. As a result, the hooks of the guide trees 22a, 22b lie in planes parallel to each other.

[0052] Hooks 23b to 27b of the lower, right guide tree 22b are advanced to below the upper guide tree 22a. In this way a closed compartment is formed, see Fig. 7b At the same time, the right-hand guide tree 22b itself is also advanced somewhat. As shown, the resulting configuration is PX RN SN SY. PX: the hooks of one guide tree are advanced, the others are not, RN: guide trees and hooks are not inclined, SN: individual guide tree segments do not deviate, SY: the formed closed compartment is offset to the left.

[0053] A state with an open compartment, corresponding to the closed compartment in the Fig. 7a , 7bis not shown.

[0054] The various embodiments can refer to differently designed looms. However, it is also possible to design a loom such that it can assume all the positions shown in the embodiments and exhibit the aforementioned different properties. Preferably, the following is provided for this purpose: a division of the guide trees 22a, 22b into the guide tree segments 37a to 41b, a mobility of the guide tree segments 37a to 41b to tilt them, a mobility of the guide tree segments to move inwards and outwards, i.e. in the direction of a closed compartment and back to the open compartment, a movement of at least the guide tree segments of one of the guide trees to reduce and increase the distance to the goods tree, and forward movement and counter-movement of the hooks in the guide tree segments.

[0055] In all embodiments, only two sets of five warp threads 31a to 35b are shown on two sets of five hooks 23a to 27b. This is for illustrative purposes only. In reality, the loom has as many hooks 23a to 27b and guide beam segments 37a to 41b as are necessary to handle the desired number of warp threads.

[0056] In all embodiments, the shed visible in the V-state is open at the top and the fabric beam 28 is arranged at the bottom. Alternatively, the configuration of warp beams 21a, 21b, guide beams 22a, 22b and fabric beam 28, or at least of guide beams 22a, 22b, can be rotated by any angle, preferably not further than to a horizontal orientation of the respective lower warp threads of the open V-shed.

[0057] The described mobility of the guide tree segments can be enabled by corresponding manipulators 42 per guide tree segment. An example of this is shown in Fig. 8 The manipulator 42 is shown here as having a foundation 43, a turret element 44 standing on it, a turret extension 45, a hinge lever 46, a second hinge lever 47, and three rotary joints 48, 49, 50.

[0058] As shown by arrows 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d, 51e, the tower element 44 is rotatable on the foundation 43, the first articulated lever 46 is angular relative to the tower extension 45, the second articulated lever 47 is angular relative to the first articulated lever 46, the guide tree segment 37b is tiltable at the pivot joint 50 relative to the second articulated lever, and the hook 23b is linearly displaceable in the guide tree segment 37b. Optionally, the tower extension 45 can be mounted so that it is height-adjustable or rotatable relative to the tower element 44.

[0059] Furthermore, other variations in mobility are possible and easily implemented. Pneumatic, hydraulic, or electromagnetic drives (not shown) can be provided for the described movement options of the parts of the manipulator 42. Different manipulators can also be arranged for the various guide tree segments 37a to 41b, depending on the desired manipulability of the individual guide tree segments.

[0060] The rotatability of the tower element 44 enables a transverse movement of the guide tree segments with hooks almost parallel to the longitudinal extension of the warp beam 28. This allows, for example, the positions of warp threads to be temporarily exchanged.

[0061] The hook mouth 30b is designed such that a warp thread caught in it cannot slip out even under unfavorable conditions when the associated hook 23a to 27b moves. A round shape or loop similar to a threaded section extending over more than 360° is preferred for this purpose.

[0062] Alternatively, the hook mouth can be 30b as in Fig. 8 Shown in a top view (perpendicular to the warp beam 28), they have the shape of the letter C and are thus open at the sides. The warp thread can be easily inserted into and removed from the hook mouth 30b, for example for a temporary exchange of the positions of warp threads without moving the hooks 23a to 27b.

[0063] In a simpler embodiment, the rotation of the tower element 44 relative to the foundation 43 is eliminated.

[0064] The foundation 43 can also be referred to as the guide tree segment support device, the sum of all foundations 43 on one side of the loom as the guide tree support device.

[0065] According to Fig. 9 The guide tree segment 41a has a through bore 52 to guide the hook 27a. Alternatively, in Fig. 10 A continuous and upwardly open slot 53 is shown as a guide, into which the hook 27a can be inserted. Reference symbol list 20 loom 37a Guide tree segment 21a Kettbaum 37b Guide tree segment 21b Kettbaum 38a Guide tree segment 22a Guide tree 38b Guide tree segment 22b Guide tree 39a Guide tree segment 23a Hook 39b Guide tree segment 23b Hook 40a Guide tree segment 24a Hook 40b Guide tree segment 24b Hook 41a Guide tree segment 25a Hook 41b Guide tree segment 25b Hook 42 manipulator 26a Hook 43 foundation 26b Hook 44 Tower element 27a Hook 45 Tower extension 27b Hook 46 first joint lever 28 Warenbaum 47 second joint lever 29a stalk 48 Swivel joint 29b stalk 49 Swivel joint 30a Hook mouth 50 Swivel joint 30b Hook mouth 51a Arrow 31a Warp thread 51b Arrow 31b Warp thread 51c Arrow 32a Warp thread 51d Arrow 32b Warp thread 51e Arrow 33a Warp thread 52 Drilling 33b Warp thread 53 slot 34a Warp thread 34b Warp thread 35a Warp thread 35b Warp thread 36a Arrow 36b Arrow

Claims

1. Loom (20) comprising two guide beams (22a, 22b), which are movable relative to one another, for warp threads (31a to 35b) leading to a cloth beam (28), wherein the guide beams (22a, 22b) with the warp threads (31a to 35b) can selectively form an open V-shed and a closed shed for receiving weft threads, and wherein the guide beams (22a, 22b) are provided with hooks (23a to 27b) in which the warp threads (31a to 35b) are guided, wherein at least one of the following features is provided: a) the two guide beams (22a, 22b) are at different distances from the cloth beam (28) along the warp threads (31a to 35b), b) at least one hook (23a to 27b) is movable relative to its guide beam (22a, 22b), c) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is rotatable, d) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is movable with a movement component in the direction of the cloth beam (28) and back, and characterized in that - the guide beams (22a, 22b) have guides for the hooks (23a to 27b), - the hooks (23a to 27b) are inserted into the guides and - at least one of the hooks (23a to 27b) is movable in its guide relative to its guide beam (22a, 22b).

2. Loom (20) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cloth beam (28) is arranged below the two guide beams (22a, 22b) and the V-shed is upwardly open.

3. Loom (20) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is formed from individual guide beam segments (37a to 41b), and in that in particular at least one guide beam segment (37a to 41b) is individually movable, relative to the other guide beam segments (37a to 41b).

4. Loom (20) according to Claim 3, characterized in that at least one guide beam segment (37a to 41b) is also movable in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the associated guide beam (22a, 22b).

5. Loom (20) according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that at least one guide beam segment (37a to 41b) is rotatable about a longitudinal axis of the associated guide beam (22a, 22b).

6. Loom (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the guides for the hooks (23a to 27b) are bores (52) in the guide beams (22a, 22b).

7. Loom (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the guides for the hooks (23a to 27b) are slots (53) in the guide beams (22a, 22b).

8. Loom (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the hooks (23a to 27b) have laterally open hook mouths (30a, 30b).

9. Loom (20) according to any one of Claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the hook mouths (30a, 30b) are configured in the manner of a threaded portion and so as to wrap around over more than 360 degrees.

10. Method for operating a loom (20) comprising two guide beams (22a, 22b), which are movable relative to one another, for warp threads (31a to 35b) leading to a cloth beam (28), wherein - the guide beams (22a, 22b) with the warp threads (31a to 35b) can selectively form an open V-shed and a closed shed for receiving weft threads and have guide beam segments (37a to 41b) - the guide beams (22a, 22b) are provided with hooks (23a to 27b) in which the warp threads (31a to 35b) are guided, - at least one of the following features is provided: a) the two guide beams (22a, 22b) are at different distances from the cloth beam (28) along the warp threads (31a to 35b), b) at least one hook (23a to 27b) is movable relative to its guide beam (22a, 22b), c) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is rotatable, d) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is movable with a movement component in the direction of the cloth beam (28) and back, particularly for operating a loom (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the position of a warp thread (31a to 35b) is changed by removing a guide beam segment (37a to 41b) with hooks (23a to 27b) and warp thread (31a to 35b) from its position in the guide beam (22a, 22b) and inserting the guide beam segment (37a to 41b) with hooks (23a to 27b) and warp thread (31a to 35b) into another position.

11. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the positions of two guide beam segments (37a to 41b) are interchanged by removing the two guide beam segments (37a to 41b) from their positions in the guide beam (22a, 22b) and inserting each of the two guide beam segments (37a to 41b) into the former position of the respectively other guide beam segment (37a to 41b).

12. Method for operating a loom (20) comprising two guide beams (22a, 22b), which are movable relative to one another, for warp threads (31a to 35b) leading to a cloth beam (28), wherein - the guide beams (22a, 22b) with the warp threads (31a to 35b) can selectively form an open V-shed and a closed shed for receiving weft threads, - the guide beams (22a, 22b) are provided with hooks (23a to 27b) in which the warp threads (31a to 35b) are guided, - at least one of the following features is provided: a) the two guide beams (22a, 22b) are at different distances from the cloth beam (28) along the warp threads (31a to 35b), b) at least one hook (23a to 27b) is movable relative to its guide beam (22a, 22b), c) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is rotatable, d) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is movable with a movement component in the direction of the cloth beam (28) and back, particularly for operating a loom (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the position of a warp thread (31a to 35b) is changed by releasing a hook (23a to 27b), guiding the warp thread (31a to 35b), from its guide in the guide beam (22a, 22b) and inserting the hook (23a to 27b) into another guide.

13. Method according to Claim 12, characterized in that the position of two warp threads (31a to 35b) is interchanged by releasing the hooks (23a to 27b), guiding the warp threads (31a to 35b), from their guides in the guide beam (22a, 22b) and inserting each of the two hooks (23a to 27b) into the former guide of the respectively other hook (23a to 27b).

14. Method for operating a loom (20) comprising two guide beams (22a, 22b), which are movable relative to one another, for warp threads (31a to 35b) leading to a cloth beam (28), wherein - the guide beams (22a, 22b) with the warp threads (31a to 35b) can selectively form an open V-shed and a closed shed for receiving weft threads, - the guide beams (22a, 22b) are provided with hooks (23a to 27b) in which the warp threads (31a to 35b) are guided, - at least one of the following features is provided: a) the two guide beams (22a, 22b) are at different distances from the cloth beam (28) along the warp threads (31a to 35b), b) at least one hook (23a to 27b) is movable relative to its guide beam (22a, 22b), c) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is rotatable, d) at least one guide beam (22a, 22b) is movable with a movement component in the direction of the cloth beam (28) and back, particularly for operating a loom (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, wherein the position of a warp thread (31a to 35b) is changed by releasing the warp thread (31a to 35b) from its hook (23a to 27b) and transferring it over into another hook (23a to 27b), characterized in that the position of two warp threads (31a to 35b) is interchanged by releasing the warp threads (31a to 35b) from their hooks (23a to 27b) and transferring each of the two warp threads (31a to 35b) over into the former hook (23a to 27b) of the respectively other warp thread (31a to 35b).

15. Method according to one of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the changing of the position of warp threads (31a to 35b) is carried out during a V-state of the loom (20).

Images