Assembly tools for arranging inner retaining elements in bores or outer retaining elements on shafts, and an upsetting tool and a expanding tool

Abstract

A mounting tool (1) is proposed for mounting an elastic internal retaining element (2) in a bore, in particular an internal retaining ring, comprising a receiving sleeve (3) whose inner wall (5) defines a cavity which is intended to receive the internal retaining element (2) in a pre-tensioned state, wherein the internal retaining element (2) bears against the inner wall (5) of the receiving sleeve (2), further comprising a plunger sleeve (6) which is slidably mounted on the inner wall (5) of the cavity of the receiving sleeve (2) and is intended to push the internal retaining element (2) out of the cavity of the receiving sleeve (2) and thereby mount it in the bore, wherein the plunger sleeve (6) surrounds a measuring means (9) which is slidably mounted relative to the plunger sleeve (6) and is intended to detect a position of the internal retaining element (2) relative to the plunger sleeve (6) as a function of an adjustment path.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a first assembly tool for arranging an elastic inner retaining element in a bore and to a compression tool for arranging the inner retaining element on the first assembly tool. Furthermore, the invention relates to a second assembly tool for arranging an elastic outer retaining element on a shaft and to a spreading tool for arranging the outer retaining element on the second assembly tool.

[0002] Elastic retaining elements are typically used in mechanical and plant engineering to axially fix machine parts relative to one another. Common designs for such retaining elements include internal or external retaining rings, which can be mounted on the inside of a bore or the outside of a shaft, particularly in an internal or external groove.

[0003] To install an internal retaining ring in a bore, conical sleeves are typically used. These form a cavity bordered all the way around by a conically shaped inner surface. For assembly purposes, such a conical sleeve is arranged essentially coaxially to the bore in which the internal retaining ring is to be installed. A punch serves to hold the internal retaining ring in a substantially relaxed state and press it through the cavity of the conical sleeve. The internal retaining ring rests against the inside of the cavity and is elastically deformed according to the geometry of the inner wall, thus preloading it. The punch presses the internal retaining ring into the bore in its preloaded state, supporting itself against the inner wall of the bore by means of a radially outwardly directed restoring force.

[0004] Cones are typically used to mount an external retaining ring on a shaft. For assembly purposes, such a cone is positioned essentially coaxially with the shaft to which the external retaining ring is to be mounted. A punch guides the external retaining ring past the outer wall of the cone, whereby the external retaining ring contacts the outer wall and is elastically deformed according to its geometry. Using the punch, the external retaining ring is pushed onto the shaft in a preloaded state and, with respect to the shaft axis, is supported on the outer wall of the shaft by means of a radially inward restoring force.

[0005] Such assembly of elastic retaining elements is more difficult when an inner retaining element must be positioned in a relatively deep bore or the outer retaining element on a relatively long shaft. For this purpose, the corresponding retaining rings typically have to be pushed over the surface of the bore or shaft in their preloaded states before reaching the intended position. This can abrade and damage the bore or shaft surface.

[0006] Furthermore, the previously known components are disadvantageous because elastic retaining elements tend to jam between the punch sleeve and the joining sleeve, or between the punch and the joining cone. This occurs particularly during the assembly of round wire snap rings, whose axial contact areas are essentially linear compared to the aforementioned components, and the said round wire snap rings, even in their undeformed state, have a diameter that corresponds to the diameter of the bore or shaft. If the assembly is not precisely centered, the round wire snap ring can jam, as mentioned above.

[0007] Since the assembly process for elastic retaining elements is prone to errors, it is common practice to visually check the correct installation of the retaining element either by an assembly specialist or automatically using a camera system. This is time-consuming and results in increased assembly costs.

[0008] The object of the invention is to provide means by which the aforementioned disadvantages can be avoided. In particular, it should be possible to reliably arrange elastic retaining elements in bores or shafts, while simultaneously enabling easy inspection of the assembly quality.

[0009] The object is achieved by means of a first assembly tool for arranging an elastic inner holding element in a bore according to claim 1 and a compression tool provided therefor according to claim 7. The object is also achieved by means of a second assembly tool for arranging an elastic outer holding element on a shaft according to claim 9 and a spreading tool provided therefor according to claim 15. Advantageous further developments are the subject matter of dependent subclaims.

[0010] The first assembly tool according to the invention for arranging an elastic inner holding element in a bore comprises a receiving sleeve, a punch sleeve, and a testing device. The receiving sleeve has a cavity defined by an inner wall. The cavity is intended to receive the inner holding element in a preloaded state, with the inner holding element resting against the inner wall of the receiving sleeve. The punch sleeve is displaceably mounted on the inner wall of the cavity of the receiving sleeve and is intended to push the inner holding element out of the cavity of the receiving sleeve and thereby install it in the bore. Furthermore, the punch sleeve encloses a testing device that is displaceably mounted relative to the punch sleeve and is intended to detect a position of the inner holding element as a function of an adjustment path relative to the punch sleeve.

[0011] It is an advantage of the invention that internal holding elements can be reliably mounted, particularly in deep bores, and at the same time a check can be carried out to determine whether the internal holding element is correctly positioned in the bore.

[0012] The invention is not limited to the type of inner retaining element that can be mounted using the first assembly tool. It is conceivable for the inner retaining element to be an inner retaining ring with any cross-section or, for example, an inner retaining washer. Likewise, the inner retaining element can have a main extension plane in which it has a substantially circular, oval, or angular basic shape. All that is relevant is that the inner retaining element is elastically deformable in order to be able to be arranged in a prestressed state in the cavity of the receiving sleeve, in particular on a circumferential outer side of the inner retaining element.

[0013] The receiving sleeve can have a hollow cylindrical basic shape, forming the cavity that is circumferentially defined by the inner wall. The receiving sleeve can be made of any material, but is preferably made of metal, especially steel.

[0014] The inner wall of the receiving sleeve serves to accommodate the inner holding element. In particular, the receiving sleeve can have a front-end receiving area designed to accommodate the inner holding element in the preloaded state. In the preloaded state, the inner holding element is preferably elastically deformed such that it exerts a radially outwardly directed, elastic restoring force and is supported on the inner wall of the receiving sleeve. In particular, the inner wall of the bore is designed to hold the inner holding element in a force-fitting manner.

[0015] The punch sleeve can have a substantially hollow-cylindrical basic shape and is guided within the cavity of the receiving sleeve on its inner wall. This is advantageous because, in principle, no additional bearing means, such as a plain bearing, are required to support the punch sleeve in a displaceable manner. The punch sleeve can be made of any material, preferably metal, in particular steel.

[0016] Within the scope of the invention, the punch sleeve serves to push the inner holding element received on the inner wall out of the cavity of the receiving sleeve by means of an adjusting movement and thus to mount it in the bore. For this purpose, the receiving sleeve can be placed against the bore or inserted into the bore, preferably in such a way that the front side of the receiving sleeve, in particular with the front-side receiving area, is located in an area in which the inner holding element is to be mounted. By pushing the inner holding element out by means of the punch sleeve, the inner holding element can relax at least partially as a result of the elastic restoring force and can thus be mounted in the bore, in particular in a bore groove.

[0017] In particular, the receiving sleeve prevents the inner retaining element from sliding over the bore wall in the preloaded state, thereby damaging it. It is particularly advantageous if the receiving sleeve has rounded outer edges so that it can be inserted into the bore without damaging the bore wall.

[0018] A further advantage of the invention arises from the arrangement of the test device, which is surrounded by the punch sleeve. In particular, the punch sleeve can form a punch cavity in which the test device is mounted. In a simple embodiment, the test device can be an elongated mechanical element or a test sleeve, each of which can be guided within the punch sleeve. In particular, the test device has a smaller external dimension, in particular a smaller external diameter, transverse to its adjustment axis than the punch sleeve.

[0019] It is advantageous if the test device is mounted in such a way that its adjustment range relative to the punch sleeve is blocked by an internal holding element accommodated in the receiving sleeve. In this case, no adjustment takes place between the punch sleeve and the test device. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the test device is mounted in such a way that when the internal holding element is pushed out of the cavity of the receiving sleeve, it disengages from the cavity of the receiving sleeve together with the punch sleeve. For this purpose, the test device and the punch sleeve can be mechanically coupled with respect to a common adjustment axis, for example, by means of a mechanical contact.

[0020] If the inner holding element reaches its installed position in the inner groove of a bore as a result of the extension movement, it deforms due to its restoring force in such a way that further adjustment of the punch sleeve is hindered, while the test equipment can be guided past the installed inner holding element due to a smaller outer diameter. Due to the resulting relative adjustment path between the test equipment and punch sleeve, it can be concluded that the inner holding element has assumed the desired position in the bore with regard to the punch sleeve. However, if no relative adjustment takes place between the punch sleeve and the test equipment when the inner holding element is extended, it can be concluded that the inner holding element has only been moved in the bore but is not correctly positioned in the bore groove.

[0021] During assembly of the inner retaining element, it may also happen that the inner retaining element is undesirably inclined relative to the bore axis or that the bore groove is not aligned as desired. This manifests itself in the bore as an interference contour that limits the adjustment movement of the test device. If, in comparison, the test device moves out with a greater adjustment travel, it can be indirectly concluded that the inner retaining element has properly pressed against the bore wall due to its restoring force and / or is seated in the bore groove, so that no interference contour is created. The test device can therefore be designed in the manner of a depth gauge and / or a limit gauge. In this respect, depending on the adjustment travel, it is possible to detect one of the assembly positions of the inner retaining element described above as examples and even to differentiate between them depending on the adjustment travel.

[0022] Preferably, the detectable position of the inner holding element comprises a radial and / or axial position of the inner holding element relative to the punch sleeve. In particular, the detectable position of the inner holding element can be an assembly position in which the inner holding element is located in the inner groove of the bore. Preferably, the detectable position depends on a deformation state of the inner holding element.

[0023] Preferably, the detected position of the inner holding element can be visually displayed directly as a function of the adjustment path of the test device relative to the punch sleeve. This makes it easy for the assembly personnel to check, depending on the adjustment path relative to the punch sleeve, whether the inner holding element has been installed in the bore as desired or not. In particular, the test device can have one or more signal colors on an outer side, which differ in particular from the color of the punch sleeve. In another embodiment, the adjustment movement can be detected by means of at least one sensor, which can be arranged on the receiving sleeve and / or on the punch sleeve. In particular, the sensor can be an inductive, capacitive, or optical sensor, which metrologically detects the adjustment path of the test device.

[0024] Preferably, the receiving sleeve extends along a tool axis, along which the punch sleeve and the test device are movably mounted.

[0025] In an advantageous further development, the punch sleeve has at least one end face which is provided to push the holding element out of the cavity by means of a mechanical contact, wherein the punch sleeve in its end position with the end face is substantially flush with an edge of the cavity or is adjusted beyond the edge of the cavity.

[0026] When adjusting the punch sleeve so that the end face of the punch sleeve is at least flush with the edge of the cavity, a simple design can ensure that the inner retaining element is reliably pushed out of the cavity. For this purpose, a stop element can be provided on the receiving sleeve and / or on the punch sleeve, which limits the displacement of the punch sleeve at the end face up to the edge of the cavity or beyond.

[0027] In an advantageous further development, the test device is designed as a test bolt which is guided on an inner side of the punch sleeve.

[0028] According to the advantageous development described above, a high degree of functional integration is achieved in the assembly tool for assembling internal retaining elements in the bore, which favors a compact design of the assembly tool. In particular, no additional bearings are required to guide the test equipment. Rather, the punch sleeve can function as a plain bearing on its inner surface.

[0029] In an advantageous further development, the assembly tool for arranging the inner holding element comprises an actuating means which is designed to exert at least one adjusting force on the punch sleeve and / or the testing means in order to displace the punch sleeve and / or the testing means relative to the receiving sleeve and / or relative to each other.

[0030] It is within the scope of the advantageous development that an actuating means is provided for generating an adjusting force on the punch sleeve and on the testing device. In particular, mechanical springs can be provided for this purpose, which exert adjusting forces on the punch sleeve and the testing device, at least in a tensioned state. In particular, the actuating means used to adjust the testing device can be designed to exert a lower adjusting force than the actuating means used to adjust the punch sleeve. This makes it possible, in a structurally simple manner, to prevent an adjusting force acting on the testing device from leading to an undesired extension of the inner holding element. It is also within the scope of the advantageous development that at least one electromechanical actuator is provided to exert one or more adjusting forces on the punch sleeve and / or the testing device.

[0031] As mentioned above, the object is also achieved by means of a swaging tool, which serves to arrange the elastic inner holding element on the first assembly tool according to the invention or an advantageous development thereof. For this purpose, the swaging tool has two elongated swaging members, which are adjustable relative to one another between an open position and a closed position about a pivot axis that runs essentially transversely to the respective extension axes of the swaging members. At their respective end regions, the swaging members each have at least one receiving surface for the inner holding element on oppositely directed sides.

[0032] The swaging tool makes it easy to pick up the inner retaining element and feed it to the first assembly tool. In particular, the swaging tool is designed to pick up the inner retaining element in the open position in a substantially relaxed state and, by adjusting it, to swage it into the closed position, thereby bringing it into the preloaded state in which the inner retaining element can be received in the receiving sleeve.

[0033] In particular, the compression members can be designed as half-cylinders in their respective basic form and form a cylinder at least in the closed position. This is particularly advantageous if the inner holding element is an inner retaining ring having an inner side that is at least partially adapted to the outer geometry of the cylinder halves. In the embodiment as cylinder halves, the receiving surfaces of the compression members can each be designed as circumferential shoulders or grooves on which the inner holding element can be received in a form-fitting manner on an inner side. A spring element is provided to press the compression members into the open position. This allows the inner holding element to be reliably held.

[0034] Preferably, the compression members are pivotally mounted by means of a holding device in a region facing away from their respective end regions. The holding device preferably comprises a receptacle in which the compression members are supported with ease and which defines the pivot axis. In particular, a bolt can be provided, the orientation of which defines the pivot axis and around which the compression members are rotatably mounted to enable adjustment between the open and closed positions.

[0035] Preferably, a joining sleeve is provided that has a conical inner wall, the dimensions of which are selected to accommodate the compression elements of the compression tool at an insertion opening of the joining sleeve in the open position. By means of a relative movement between the compression tool and the joining sleeve, the compression elements are brought into the closed position in the region of a discharge opening, with the spring element pressing the compression elements against the inside of the joining sleeve.

[0036] To accommodate the inner retaining element on the assembly tool, the joining sleeve can be positioned coaxially with the receiving sleeve of the first assembly tool with respect to its longitudinal axis. By means of the relative movement of the upsetting tool and the joining sleeve, an inner retaining element received on the upsetting members can be brought into the preloaded state due to the tapered conical inner wall. The inner retaining element can be received on the assembly tool in an output area of ​​the joining sleeve.

[0037] By using the joining sleeve, the inner retaining element can be brought into the preloaded state with minimal force, thereby reducing the risk of damaging the inner retaining element due to excessive deformation. Furthermore, the spring element, which presses the compression elements against the inside of the joining sleeve, prevents the inner retaining element from jamming.

[0038] As mentioned above, the object is also achieved by a second assembly tool for arranging an elastic outer holding element on a shaft. According to the invention, the second assembly tool has a receiving sleeve, a punch sleeve, and a testing device. An outer wall of the receiving sleeve is provided to receive the outer holding element in a preloaded state, in which the outer holding element rests against the outer wall of the receiving sleeve. The punch sleeve is displaceably mounted on the outer wall of the receiving sleeve and is provided to push the holding element, in the preloaded state, away from the outer wall of the receiving sleeve and thereby mount it on the shaft. The testing device is displaceably mounted on a side of the punch sleeve facing away from the receiving sleeve and is provided to detect a position of the outer holding element as a function of an adjustment path relative to the punch sleeve.

[0039] The second assembly tool described above is used to position the elastic outer retaining element on the shaft. This allows for the same advantages as the first assembly tool described above for positioning the elastic inner retaining element in a bore. The second assembly tool for arranging outer retaining elements and the first assembly tool for arranging inner retaining elements are linked by the common inventive concept of using a receiving sleeve, a punch sleeve, and a testing device in combination to enable reliable assembly of the corresponding retaining element and to check the assembly position of the respective retaining element.

[0040] In contrast to an inner retaining element, an outer retaining element is one that is elastically deformed for assembly purposes in such a way as to exert a radially inward restoring force, allowing it to be mounted on the outside of a shaft. In particular, the outer retaining element can be an external retaining ring.

[0041] In contrast to the first assembly tool, which is used to arrange internal retaining elements in a bore, the second assembly tool uses the outer wall of the receiving sleeve, not the inner wall, to accommodate the retaining element. In this case, the outer retaining element can be supported against the outer wall of the receiving sleeve in its preloaded state, particularly due to an elastic restoring force.

[0042] The punch sleeve of the second assembly tool is slidably mounted relative to the receiving sleeve and is designed to push the outer retaining element away from the outer wall of the receiving sleeve in the preloaded state. Unlike the first assembly tool, the punch sleeve is expediently not located within a cavity of the receiving sleeve. Rather, the punch sleeve is arranged on an outer side of the receiving sleeve in order to push the outer retaining element away from the receiving sleeve during an adjustment movement.

[0043] If the receiving sleeve of the second assembly tool is positioned substantially coaxially with the shaft to which the outer retaining element is to be attached, the outer retaining element is pushed from the outer wall of the receiving sleeve by means of the punch sleeve in the preloaded state. This allows the outer retaining element to relax due to its elastic restoring force, so that it is positioned on the outside of the shaft, in particular in an outer groove.

[0044] The inspection device of the second assembly tool is, as described above, arranged on a side of the punch sleeve facing away from the receiving sleeve and serves to detect the position of the outer retaining element relative to the punch sleeve, so that, depending on the adjustment path, it can be determined whether the outer retaining element has assumed the desired assembly position. Regarding the functionality of the inspection device used in the second assembly tool for arranging an outer retaining element, the explanations for the inspection device used in the first assembly tool for arranging an inner retaining element essentially apply.

[0045] Preferably, the detectable position of the outer retaining element comprises a radial and / or axial position of the outer retaining element relative to the punch sleeve. In particular, the detectable position of the outer retaining element can be an assembly position in which the outer retaining element is located in an outer groove of the shaft. In particular, the detectable position depends on a deformation state of the outer retaining element.

[0046] Preferably, the test means is mounted in such a way that, when the outer holding element is pushed by the receiving sleeve, it disengages over an edge of the punch sleeve and, depending on the adjustment path relative to the punch sleeve, detects at least one mounting position of the outer holding element on the shaft.

[0047] In an advantageous further development, the punch sleeve has an end face which is provided to push the holding element from the outer wall of the receiving sleeve by means of a mechanical contact, wherein the punch sleeve in an end position with the end face is substantially flush with an edge of the outer wall or is adjusted beyond the edge of the outer wall.

[0048] In such an embodiment, a stop element can be provided that limits the adjustment path of the punch sleeve at the end face up to the edge of the outer wall or beyond. This makes it easy to ensure that the outer retaining element is pushed away from the outer wall.

[0049] In an advantageous further development, the test device is designed as a circumferentially closed test sleeve which surrounds the receiving sleeve and the punch sleeve.

[0050] The refinement described above allows for a high degree of functional integration. This is due to the fact that the outer surface of the punch sleeve can be used to guide the test equipment, eliminating the need for additional storage.

[0051] In an advantageous development of the second assembly tool, the latter comprises at least one actuating means which is designed to exert an adjusting force on the punch sleeve and / or the testing means in order to displace the punch sleeve and / or the testing means relative to the receiving sleeve and / or relative to one another.

[0052] The object is also achieved by means of a spreading tool for arranging an elastic outer holding element in a second assembly tool according to the invention or an advantageous development thereof. The spreading tool according to the invention comprises two elongated spreading members, which are adjustable relative to one another between an open position and a closed position about a pivot axis that runs essentially transversely to the respective extension axes of the spreading members. A spring element is provided to press the spreading members into the closed position. The spreading members have at least one contact surface for the elastic outer holding element on their respective end regions on mutually facing sides.

[0053] By means of the spreading tool, it is possible to receive the outer holding element and, by adjusting the spreading members, to bring it into a preloaded state in which the outer holding element can be arranged on the outer wall of the receiving sleeve of the assembly tool. Preferably, no further means are required for this. However, a joining cone is preferably also provided. This has a conical outer wall, the dimensions of which are selected such that the spreading members of the spreading tool can be received at an insertion tip in the closed position and, by means of a relative movement between the spreading members and the joining cone in the region of a cone base, can be brought into the open position, wherein the spring element presses the compression members against the inside of the joining sleeve.

[0054] Preferably, the joining cone can be arranged substantially coaxially with the receiving sleeve of the assembly tool, with the insertion tip facing away from the receiving sleeve and a broad side of the joining cone facing the receiving sleeve. Using the spreading tool, the outer retaining element can be pushed over the joining cone in such a way that it is elastically deformed depending on the geometry of the outer cone and thereby reaches the preloaded state in which it can be arranged on the outer wall of the receiving sleeve.

[0055] The advantages of the invention are explained below using exemplary embodiments.

[0056] They show: Figure 1 shows a first assembly tool for arranging an elastic inner retaining ring in a bore; Figure 2 shows an upsetting tool for arranging the inner retaining ring in the first assembly tool with a joining sleeve; Figure 3 shows a second assembly tool for arranging an elastic outer retaining ring on a shaft; Figure 4 shows an expanding tool for arranging the outer retaining ring on the second assembly tool with a joining cone.

[0057] Figure 1 shows an assembly tool 1 for the arrangement of an internal retaining ring 2 in a bore (not shown).

[0058] The assembly tool 1 has a substantially hollow cylindrical receiving sleeve 3 which extends along a tool axis 4.

[0059] On one end face of the receiving sleeve 3, which according to Figure 1The inner retaining ring 2 is shown in a detailed view. The inner retaining ring 2 is in a pre-tensioned state. For this purpose, it was, as described in relation to Figure 2 As will be explained in more detail below, the inner retaining ring 2 is compressed and elastically deformed. As a result of the compression, the inner retaining ring 2 exerts an elastic restoring force directed radially outward relative to the tool axis 4, by means of which it is supported against an inner wall 5 of the receiving sleeve 3.

[0060] To remove the inner retaining ring 2 from the Figure 1 To position the assembly tool 1 in the position shown in the bore, the assembly tool 1 can be aligned coaxially with the bore axis with respect to its tool axis 4 and inserted into the bore with its end face. The internal retaining ring 2 is then pushed out of the receiving sleeve 3, whereby it is elastically relaxed and arranged in a bore groove in a manner not shown here.

[0061] The assembly tool 1 is advantageous because it can be guided into the bore parallel to its tool axis 4, allowing the internal retaining ring 2 to be pressed out of the receiving sleeve 3 in the area where it is to be installed. This prevents the internal retaining ring 2 from being guided past the inside of the bore in the preloaded state, which could cause damage.

[0062] In order to push the inner retaining ring 2 out of the receiving sleeve 3 in the preloaded state, a punch sleeve 6 is arranged in the receiving sleeve 3, in particular in a cavity enclosed by the inner wall 5. The punch sleeve 6 is displaceably mounted along the tool axis 4 and has an end face 7. During an adjustment movement of the punch sleeve 6, the end face 7 comes into mechanical contact with the inner retaining ring 2 and pushes it out of the receiving sleeve 3.

[0063] In accordance with Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the punch sleeve 6 can be adjusted along the tool axis 3 until the end face 7 is flush with an edge 8 of the inner wall 5 of the receiving sleeve 3. This ensures, in a structurally simple manner, that the inner retaining ring 2 is reliably pushed out of the receiving sleeve 3.

[0064] A test device 9 in the form of a test punch is mounted displaceably relative to the receiving sleeve 3 and the punch sleeve 6 along the tool axis 4. The test device 9 serves to detect the mounting position of the inner retaining ring 2 in the bore during assembly of the inner retaining element 2.

[0065] If the inner retaining ring 2 is arranged on a groove within the bore, the test device 9 on its outer side can serve as a limit gauge, so that upon proper deformation of the inner retaining ring 2, an area is exposed into which the test device 9 is inserted. The assembly quality of the inner retaining ring 2 can thus be determined depending on the adjustment path of the test device relative to the punch sleeve 6.

[0066] In order for the inner retaining ring 2 to be positioned on the inner wall 5 of the receiving sleeve 3, it must be compressed, as mentioned above. For this purpose, a compression tool 10 with a joining sleeve 11 is used, which Figure 2 are shown.

[0067] The upsetting tool 10 comprises two elongated upsetting members 12, 13, each designed as a cylinder half and mounted by means of a holding arrangement 14 so as to be adjustable relative to one another about a pivot axis 15. Furthermore, a spring element 16 is arranged between the upsetting members 12, 13. This is an elastic component which, depending on its deformation, exerts a compressive force on the upsetting members 12, 13. This forces the upsetting members 12, 13 apart. In general, the upsetting members 12, 13 are adjustable between an open position, as shown in Figure 1 shown by way of example, and adjustable between a closed position about the pivot axis 15, in which the compression members partially form a cylinder.

[0068] Grooves are provided on the outer sides of the compression members 12, 13 at their end faces to accommodate the inner retaining ring 2. The spring element 16 serves to reliably hold the inner retaining ring 2. The inner retaining ring 2 is preloaded by means of the joining sleeve 11.

[0069] The joining sleeve 11 has a conically shaped inner wall 17, which defines a correspondingly conical cavity. The joining sleeve 11 has an insertion opening 18, the dimensions of which are selected to accommodate the compression members 12, 13 of the compression tool 10 in the open position. By means of a relative movement between the compression members 12, 13 and the joining sleeve 11, the compression elements 12, 13 are guided into the closed position against the spring force of the spring element 16, whereby the inner retaining ring 2 is compressed. This gives it its elastic preload in order to be mounted on an assembly tool 1 according to Figure 1To be ordered. For this purpose, the Figure 1 The tool shown can be arranged in the area of ​​a dispensing opening 19 and the inner retaining ring 2 can be arranged in the area of ​​the dispensing opening 19 in the receiving sleeve of the assembly tool.

[0070] Figure 3 shows a second assembly tool 20 for the arrangement of an external retaining ring 21 on a shaft (not shown).

[0071] The assembly tool 20 has a substantially hollow-cylindrical receiving sleeve 22, which extends along a tool axis 23. The outer retaining ring 21 is received on one end face of the receiving sleeve 22. The outer retaining ring 21 is in a prestressed state. For this purpose, it was, as described with reference to Figure 4As will be explained in more detail below, the outer retaining ring 21 is expanded, causing it to undergo elastic deformation. As a result of the expansion, the outer retaining ring 21 exerts an elastic restoring force directed radially inward with respect to the tool axis, by which it is supported on an outer wall 24 of the receiving sleeve 22.

[0072] To remove the outer retaining ring 21 from the Figure 3 To mount it on the shaft in the position shown, the second assembly tool 20 can be aligned coaxially with the shaft axis with respect to its tool axis 23. The outer retaining ring 21 can then be pushed off the outer wall 24 of the receiving sleeve 22, whereby it is elastically relaxed and is mounted on the outside of the shaft, for example, on a circumferential groove, in a manner not shown here.

[0073] The second assembly tool 20 is advantageous because the outer retaining ring 21 can be guided onto the shaft with a push-in movement parallel to the tool axis 23, and the outer retaining ring 21 can be pressed into the area of ​​the receiving sleeve 22 in which it is to be installed. This prevents the outer retaining ring 21 from being guided past the outer side of the shaft in the preloaded state, which could cause damage.

[0074] To push the outer retaining ring 21 in the preloaded state off the receiving sleeve 22, a punch sleeve 25 is arranged on an outer side of the receiving sleeve 2 and is mounted for displacement along the tool axis 23. The punch sleeve 25 has an end face 26. During an adjustment movement of the punch sleeve 25, the outer retaining ring 21 in the preloaded state is pushed off the outer wall 24 of the receiving sleeve 22 and thereby mounted on the shaft.

[0075] In accordance with Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the punch sleeve 25 can be adjusted along the tool axis 23 until the end face 26 is flush with an edge 27 of the outer wall 24 of the receiving sleeve 22.

[0076] A test device 28 is provided in the form of a test sleeve, which encloses the receiving sleeve 22 and the punch sleeve 25 and is displaceably mounted along the tool axis 23.

[0077] The test device 28 serves to detect the assembly position of the outer retaining ring 21 when the inner holding element 21 is arranged in the bore. For this purpose, the test device 28 protrudes beyond the end face 26 of the punch sleeve when the outer retaining ring 21 is pushed by the receiving sleeve 22, thus at least visually signaling that the outer retaining ring 21 has been positioned as desired in an outer groove of the shaft. For this purpose, the test device 28 can serve as a limit gauge on its inside, so that when the outer retaining ring 21 is properly deformed, an area is exposed over which the test device 9 can be guided, but not the punch sleeve 25. The assembly quality of the outer retaining ring 21 can thus be determined depending on the adjustment path of the test device 28.

[0078] In order for the outer retaining ring 21 to be supported on the outer wall 24 of the receiving sleeve 22, it must be spread, as mentioned above. For this purpose, a spreading tool 29 and a joining mandrel 30 are used, which are Figure 4 are shown.

[0079] The spreading tool 29 comprises two elongated spreading members 31, 32, each designed as a cylinder half and mounted by means of a holding arrangement 33 so as to be freely adjustable relative to one another about a pivot axis 34. A ring-like spring element 35 is arranged on the outer sides of the spreading members 31, 32. This is an elastic component which, depending on its deformation, exerts a compressive force on the spreading members 31, 32. This causes the spreading members 31, 32 to be pressed together. In general, the spreading members 31, 32 are movable between an open position and a closed position, as shown in Figure 4 shown as an example, adjustable about the pivot axis 34.

[0080] Grooves are provided on the inner sides of the compression members 31, 32 at their end areas to receive the outer retaining ring 21. The spring element 16 serves to receive the outer retaining ring 21 and to press it by means of the joining mandrel 30, as explained below, for the Figure 3 Pre-tension the second assembly tool 20 shown.

[0081] The joining mandrel 30 has a conically shaped outer wall 36. The joining mandrel 30 has an insertion tip 37, the dimensions of which are selected to accommodate the expansion elements 31, 32 of the upsetting tool 29 in the closed position. By means of a relative movement, the expansion elements 31, 32 are guided into the open position against the spring force of the spring element 35, whereby the outer retaining ring 21 is spread. This gives it its elastic preload and allows it to be released at a base 38 of the joining mandrel. For this purpose, the Figure 3The tool shown must be placed on the joining mandrel 38 in the area of ​​the base 38 so that the outer retaining ring 21 is pushed over a circumferential edge of the joining cone 30 and placed on the receiving sleeve 22 of the second assembly tool 20.

Claims

1. First assembly tool (1) for assembling an elastic inner holding element (2) in a bore, in particular an inner retaining ring, with a receiving sleeve (3), the inner wall (5) of which delimits a cavity which is intended to receive the inner holding element (2) in a prestressed state, wherein the inner holding element (2) rests against the inner wall (5) of the receiving sleeve (2), further comprising a punch sleeve (6) which is displaceably mounted on the inner wall (5) of the cavity of the receiving sleeve (2) and is intended to push the inner holding element (2) out of the cavity of the receiving sleeve (2) and thereby assemble it in the bore, wherein the punch sleeve (6) surrounds a testing means (9) which is displaceably mounted relative to the punch sleeve (6) and is intended to detect a position of the inner holding element (2) as a function of an adjustment path relative to the punch sleeve.

2. First assembly tool (1) according to claim 1, wherein the testing means (9) is mounted in such a way as to disengage from the punch sleeve (6) when the inner holding element (2) is pushed out and to detect at least one assembly position of the inner holding element (2) in the bore as a function of the adjustment path relative to the punch sleeve (6).

3. First assembly tool (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the receiving sleeve (2) extends along a tool axis (4) along which the punch sleeve (6) and the testing means (9) are displaceably mounted.

4. First assembly tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the punch sleeve (6) has at least one end face (7) which is provided to push the inner holding element (2) out of the cavity by means of a mechanical contact, wherein the punch sleeve (6) in an end position with the end face (7) is substantially flush with an edge (8) of the cavity or is adjusted beyond the edge (8) of the cavity.

5. First assembly tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the testing means (9) is designed as a test bolt which is guided on an inner side of the punch sleeve (6).

6. First assembly tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims with at least one actuating means which is designed to exert an adjusting force on the punch sleeve (6) and / or the testing means (8) in order to displace the punch sleeve (6) and / or the testing means (6) relative to the receiving sleeve (2) and / or relative to one another.

7. Upsetting tool (10) for arranging an elastic inner holding element (2), in particular an inner retaining ring, in a first assembly tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, with two elongate upsetting members (12, 13) which are adjustable relative to one another between an open position and a closed position about a pivot axis (15) which runs essentially transversely to the respective axes of extension of the upsetting members (12, 13), wherein a spring element (16) is provided between the upsetting members (12, 13) in order to press the upsetting members (12, 13) into the open position and wherein the upsetting members (12, 13) each have at least one receiving surface for the inner holding element (2) on the end face and on oppositely directed sides.

8. Upsetting tool (10) according to claim 7, comprising a joining sleeve (11) with a conical inner side (17), the dimensions of which are selected in such a way as to receive the upsetting members (12, 13) of the upsetting tool (10) at an insertion opening (18) of the joining sleeve (11) in the open position, and to bring them into the closed position by means of a relative movement between the upsetting members (12, 13) and the joining sleeve (11) in the region of a discharge opening (19) of the joining sleeve (11), wherein the spring element (16) presses the upsetting members against the inner side (17) of the joining sleeve (11).

9. Second assembly tool (20) for arranging an elastic outer holding element (21) on a shaft, in particular an outer locking ring, with a receiving sleeve (22), the outer wall (24) of which is provided for receiving the outer holding element (21) in a prestressed state in which the outer holding element rests against the outer wall (24) of the receiving sleeve (22), and with a punch sleeve (25) which is displaceably mounted on the outer wall (24) of the receiving sleeve (22) and is provided for pushing the outer holding element (21) from the outer wall (24) of the receiving sleeve (22) and thereby mounting it on the shaft, and with a testing means (28) which is displaceably mounted on a side of the punch sleeve (25) facing away from the receiving sleeve (22) and is provided for determining a position of the external holding element (21).

10. Second assembly tool (20) according to claim 9, wherein the testing means (28) is mounted in such a way that, when the outer holding element (21) is pushed by the receiving sleeve, it can be adjusted beyond an end face of the punch sleeve (26) and, depending on the adjustment path relative to the punch sleeve (25), can detect an assembly position of the outer holding element (21) on the shaft.

11. Second assembly tool (20) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the receiving sleeve (22) extends along a tool axis (23) along which the punch sleeve (25) and the testing means (28) are displaceably mounted.

12. Second assembly tool (20) according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the punch sleeve (25) has at least one end face (26) which is provided to push the outer holding element (21) by means of a mechanical contact from the outer wall (24) of the receiving sleeve (22), wherein the punch sleeve (25) in an end position with the end face substantially flush with an edge (27) of the outer wall or is adjusted beyond the edge (27) of the outer wall of the receiving sleeve.

13. Second assembly tool (20) according to claims 9 to 12, wherein the test means (28) is designed as a circumferentially closed test sleeve which surrounds the receiving sleeve (22) and the punch sleeve (25).

14. Second assembly tool (20) according to claim 9 to 13, with at least one actuating means which is designed to exert an adjusting force on the punch sleeve (25) and / or the testing means (28) in order to displace the punch sleeve (25) and / or the testing means (28) relative to the receiving sleeve.

15. Spreading tool (29) for arranging an elastic outer holding element (21), in particular an outer locking ring, in a second assembly tool (20) according to one of claims 9 to 14, with two elongate spreading members (31, 32) which are adjustable relative to one another between an open position and a closed position about a pivot axis (34) which runs essentially transversely to the respective extension axes of the compression members (31, 32), wherein the spreading members (31, 32) each have at least one contact surface for the outer holding element on their end faces and on sides facing one another, and with a spring element (35) which is designed to press the spreading members (31, 32) into the closed position.

16. Spreading tool according to claim 15 with a joining cone (30) with a conical outer wall (36), the dimensions of which are selected in such a way as to receive the spreading members (31, 32) of the spreading tool (29) at an insertion tip (37) in the closed position and to bring them into the open position by means of a relative movement between the spreading members (31, 32) and the joining cone (30) in the region of a cone base, wherein the spring element (35) presses the spreading members (31, 32) against the outer wall of the joining cone (30).

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