Quick coupling for the reversible connection of a tool to a movement arm, particularly for earth-moving machines and the like and bucket assembly comprising such a quick coupling

Abstract

The present invention concerns a quick coupling (10) for the reversible connection of a tool (B) to a movement arm (A), particularly for earth-moving machines and the like, comprising: - a first fixing body (11), configured to be fixed to the end of a movement arm (A) or to another support of an operating machine; - a second fixing body (12), configured to be fixed to a tool (B); - reversible coupling means (13) for connecting said first fixing body (11) to said second fixing body (12); said reversible coupling means (13) comprising: - two coupling crosspieces (14, 15), a front crosspiece (14) and a rear crosspiece (15), which are fixed to said second fixing body (12); - one or two fixed coupling teeth (16), configured to be coupled to the rear crosspiece (15), which are integral with the first fixing body (11); - one or two retractable coupling teeth (17), supported by the first fixing body (11) and configured to be coupled to the front crosspiece (14).

Description

[0001] The invention concerns a quick coupling for the reversible connection of a tool to a movement arm, particularly for earth-moving machines and the like, as well as a bucket assembly comprising such a quick coupling.

[0002] In general, a quick coupling of the type subject-matter of the present invention is capable of connecting mechanical elements of various kinds, and is particularly suitable for connecting, mechanically and removably, a bucket, or another tool for demolition, earth-moving, landscaping, and the like to an arm or to a support of an operating machine, such as a tractor or a bulldozer.

[0003] Such quick couplings generally comprise: a first fixing body configured to be fixed to the end of an arm or to another support of an operating machine; a second fixing body configured to be fixed to a bucket or to another tool to be fixed to the arm or to another support of the operating machine; reversible snap-on coupling means for connecting the first body to the second body.

[0004] The reversible snap-on coupling means generally comprise: two coupling crosspieces, a front crosspiece and a rear crosspiece, which are generally fixed to the second fixing body; one or two fixed coupling teeth, configured to be coupled to the rear crosspiece, which fixed coupling teeth are integral with the first fixing body, where the rear crosspiece and said fixed coupling teeth are configured to define a rotation axis for the rotation of the first fixing body with respect to the second fixing body; one or two retractable coupling teeth, supported by the first fixing body and configured to be coupled to the front crosspiece; translation means for the retractable coupling teeth, supported by the first fixing body and configured to allow the displacement of the retractable coupling teeth between two setups of use: a first setup of extraction and of coupling with the front crosspiece; a second setup that is rearward and of disengagement from the front crosspiece.

[0005] The first fixing body therefore comprises, in addition to the translation means, also one or more safety devices configured to prevent the unintentional uncoupling of the retractable coupling teeth.

[0006] The coupling of the first fixing body to the second fixing body is usually performed as follows: the fixed coupling teeth are coupled to the rear crosspiece; the first fixing body is rotated with respect to the second fixing body so that the first fixing body is positioned in a coupling setup in which the retractable coupling teeth couple by snap-fitting with the front crosspiece, or in a coupling setup in which the retractable coupling teeth can be displaced below the front crosspiece, towards the coupling setup, by a hydraulic or electromechanical actuator.

[0007] The actuation of the retractable coupling teeth can be entrusted to elastic elements, such as helical springs, or to mechanical, or electro-mechanical, or hydraulic actuators. Patent document EP 2 055 842 A2 represents a relevant piece of prior art.

[0008] However, the quick couplings known to date generally present a certain constructional complexity, which in turn leads to various types of drawbacks, both in terms of manufacturing and assembly costs, and in terms of actuation and control in the case of quick couplings operating with hydraulic drives.

[0009] The task of the present invention is to develop a quick coupling for the reversible connection of a tool to a movement arm, particularly for earth-moving machines and the like, capable of overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks and limitations of the prior art.

[0010] In particular, an object of the invention is to develop a bucket assembly comprising such a quick coupling.

[0011] Another object of the invention is to develop a quick coupling with components of reduced complexity but of no less efficacy, efficiency and safety than the couplings of known type.

[0012] A further object of the invention is to develop a quick coupling that does not require the use of dedicated hydraulic lines for its operation.

[0013] The above-mentioned task and objects are achieved by a quick coupling for the reversible connection of a tool to a movement arm, particularly for earth-moving machines and the like, according to claim 1.

[0014] Further features of the quick coupling for the reversible connection of a tool to a movement arm, particularly for earth-moving machines and the like according to claim 1, are described in the dependent claims.

[0015] The task and the aforesaid objects, together with the advantages that will be mentioned hereinafter, are highlighted by the description of an embodiment of the invention, which is given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying tables of the drawings, where: Figure 1 represents a bucket assembly comprising a quick coupling according to the invention; Figure 2 represents a perspective exploded view of a quick coupling according to the invention; Figure 3 represents a top plan view of a quick coupling according to the invention in a first operating setup; Figure 4 represents a perspective cut-away view of the quick coupling according to the invention in the first operating setup; Figure 5 represents the plan view of Figure 3 with the quick coupling in a second operating setup; Figure 6 represents a perspective cut-away view of the quick coupling according to the invention in the second operating setup; Figure 7 represents a perspective view of the quick coupling according to the invention in an intermediate setup of use; Figure 8 represents a first sectional plan view from above of the quick coupling according to the invention in a first operating setup; Figure 9 represents a first sectional plan view from above of the quick coupling according to the invention in a second operating setup; Figure 10 represents a second sectional plan view from above of the quick coupling according to the invention in the first operating setup; Figure 11 represents a second sectional plan view from above of the quick coupling according to the invention in the second operating setup; Figure 12 represents another perspective cut-away view of the quick coupling according to the invention in the first operating setup; Figure 13 represents another perspective cut-away view of the quick coupling according to the invention in the second operating setup.

[0016] With reference to the aforementioned Figures, a quick coupling for the reversible connection of a tool to a movement arm, particularly for earth-moving machines and the like according to the invention, is indicated as a whole with the number 10 , while a generic movement arm is indicated with A and a generic tool, for example a bucket, is indicated with B.

[0017] This quick coupling 10 comprises: a first fixing body 11 , configured to be fixed to the end of a movement arm A or to another support of an operating machine; a second fixing body 12 , configured to be fixed to a tool B , for example a bucket; reversible coupling means 13 for connecting the first fixing body 11 to the second fixing body 12.

[0018] The reversible coupling means 13 comprise: two coupling crosspieces 14 and 15 , i.e. a front crosspiece 14 and a rear crosspiece 15 , which are fixed to the second fixing body 12 ; one or two fixed coupling teeth 16 , for example and preferably two fixed coupling teeth 16 , configured to be coupled to said rear crosspiece 15 , which fixed coupling teeth 16 are integral with the first fixing body 11 ; the rear crosspiece 15 and the fixed coupling teeth 16 are configured to define a rotation axis X for the reciprocal rotation of the first fixing body 11 and of the second fixing body 12 ; one or two retractable coupling teeth 17 , preferably two retractable coupling teeth 17 , supported by the first fixing body 11 and configured to be coupled to the front crosspiece 14 ; translation means 18 for the retractable coupling teeth 17 , which translation means 18 are supported by the first fixing body 11 and configured to allow the displacement of the retractable coupling teeth 17 between two setups of use: a first setup of extraction and of coupling with the front crosspiece 14 ; a second setup that is rearward and of disengagement from the front crosspiece 14 ; reversible locking means 19 configured to retain the translation means 18 in said second rearward setup; unlocking means 20 configured to deactivate the reversible locking means 19 and therefore to allow the translation means 18 to translate the retractable coupling teeth 17 so that they assume the first extraction setup.

[0019] The translation means 18 comprise: a slider block 21 to which the retractable coupling teeth 17 are fixed; a translation chamber 22 inside which the slider block 21 is placed to translate according to a translation direction Z ; said translation chamber 22 comprises a bottom 23 , a rear wall 24 , a front wall 25 and two side walls 26 ; the front wall 25 comprises for each retractable coupling tooth 17 a guide and support through hole 27 ; the translation chamber 22 is part of said first fixing body 11; thrust elastic means 28 configured to push the slider block 21 towards the first extraction setup; a rearward movement lever 30, having a rotation axis Y substantially transverse to a plane containing the translation direction Z of the slider block 21 ; said rearward movement lever 30 being pivoted to the first fixing body 11 ; a strut 31 fixed to the slider block 21 and configured to meet the rearward movement lever 30 and receive the thrust thereof.

[0020] The reversible locking means 19 comprise: a first cam mechanism 32 comprising a first moving element 33, integral with the slider block 21 , and a first transferring element 34 rotatably constrained to the first fixing body 11 , for example to the rear wall 24 ; said first transferring element 34 has a shaped slot 35 configured to accommodate the sliding of the first moving element 33 ; the shaped slot 35 comprises a first section 35a configured to allow the free translation of the first moving element 33 in the translation direction Z, a second section 35b configured to prevent the translation of the first moving element 33 in the translation direction Z in the direction that runs from the rear wall 24 towards the front wall 25, and a transition zone 35c between said first section 35a and said second section 35b ; an elastic rotation element 36 positioned and configured in such a way as to cause the passage of the first transferring element 34 from a first setup of free translation with said first moving element 33 positioned in the first section 35a of said shaped slot 35 , to a second setup of locking with said first moving element 33 positioned in said second section 35b of said shaped slot 35 .

[0021] The rotation of the first transferring element 34 therefore takes place when the first moving element 33 moves rearward together with the slider block 21 until it is substantially disengaged from said first section 35a and is substantially in said transition zone 35c of said shaped slot 35 .

[0022] The unlocking means 20 comprise a second cam mechanism 37 comprising in turn: a second moving element 38 placed to translate in a through hole 39 defined on the front wall 25 and comprising a first end 38a configured to meet a sliding surface 14a defined on the front crosspiece 14 and an opposite second plate end 38b placed in contact with a second transferring element 40 ; a second transferring element 40 pivoted by means of a pin 41 on the first fixing body 11 , and for example pivoted to the front wall 25 and configured in such a way that its rotation around the pin 41 , which rotation is caused by a thrust of the second moving element 38 , causes a rotation of the first transferring element 34 such as to disengage the first moving element 33 from said second section 35b of the shaped slot 35 with positioning of the same first moving element 33 in the first section 35a .

[0023] The quick coupling 10 also comprises a manoeuvring rod 45 , schematically shown in hatches in Figures 12 and 13, comprising a shaped head 46 configured for coupling with a manoeuvring relief 47 developing in the direction of the rotation axis Y from the rearward movement lever 30 .

[0024] The shaped head 46 and the manoeuvring relief 47 are configured in such a way that the mutual coupling does not allow the rotation of the shaped head 46 with respect to the manoeuvring relief 47 .

[0025] The shaped head 46 is fixed to a handle 45a .

[0026] Thanks to this manoeuvring rod 45 , an operator is able to manually intervene on the quick coupling 10 by forcing the rotation of the rearward movement lever 30 and the consequent uncoupling of the first fixing body 11 from the second fixing body 12 , as better described below.

[0027] The first fixing body 11 comprises the translation chamber 22 , which is closed by a protective cover 50 having a through hole from which the manoeuvring relief 47 protrudes.

[0028] The first fixing body 11 also comprises two side plates 51 configured for the constraint to a movement arm A .

[0029] As can be seen in Figure 2, the second fixing body 12 comprises a base plate 53 , for fixing the tool B , and two side plates 54 between which the front crosspiece 14 and the rear crosspiece 15 are fixed.

[0030] The side plates 54 are positioned so as to accommodate between them the translation chamber 22 of the first fixing body 11 .

[0031] The rear crosspiece 15 also has a sliding surface 15a ; in particular, the front crosspiece 14 is substantially equal to the rear crosspiece 15 .

[0032] In this way, the quick coupling 10 can be used in two different combinations, a first combination in which the retractable coupling teeth 17 couple to the front crosspiece 14, like in the Figures, and a second combination in which the retractable coupling teeth 17 couple to the rear crosspiece 15 .

[0033] The fixed coupling teeth 16 are defined on the side walls 26 of the translation chamber 22 .

[0034] The front crosspiece 14 is cylindrical.

[0035] The rear crosspiece 15 is also cylindrical.

[0036] The sliding surface 14a consists of an inclined plane made as a bas-relief with respect to the cylindrical surface of the front crosspiece 14 .

[0037] The sliding surface 15a also consists of an inclined plane made as a bas-relief with respect to the cylindrical surface of the rear crosspiece 15 .

[0038] The retractable coupling teeth 17 each consist of a metal bar having a wedge-shaped tip; the flat surface of the wedge-shaped tip is configured and positioned to progressively meet the cylindrical surface of the facing front crosspiece 14 .

[0039] The retractable coupling teeth 17 have a rear section having an axial cavity 55 , both visible in Figures 8 and 9, in which the thrust elastic means 28 are partially inserted.

[0040] These thrust elastic means 28 comprise a thrust helical spring 28a for each of the retractable coupling teeth 17 .

[0041] Each helical spring 28a is positioned against said slider block 21 or against a retractable coupling tooth 17 .

[0042] In particular, each thrust helical spring 28a is positioned with a first end inserted into the axial cavity 55 and with the opposite second end resting on the rear wall 24 .

[0043] The slider block 21 consists of a parallelepiped of metallic material to which the two retractable coupling teeth 17 are fixed.

[0044] The retractable coupling teeth 17 develop from the slider block 21 in the translation direction Z .

[0045] In particular, the rearward movement lever 30 is pivoted to the front wall 25 ; the front wall 25 is indicated in hatches in Figures 3 and 5.

[0046] The front wall 25 comprises a lower portion 25a, on which the two guide and support through holes 27 are defined, and an upper portion 25b on which the through hole 39 for the second moving element 38 is defined.

[0047] The lower portion 25a comprises two sliding sleeves 57 , clearly visible in Figures 3 and 5, arranged in a respective through hole 27 to favour the sliding of the respective retractable coupling tooth 17 .

[0048] These sliding sleeves 57 each consist, for example, of a bushing or a bush. The first moving element 33 comprises a substantially cylindrical body 33a fixed to the slider block 21 .

[0049] The substantially cylindrical body 33a is fixed to the slider block 21 so that its main axis of symmetry is substantially parallel to the rotation axis Y of the rearward movement lever 30 .

[0050] The substantially cylindrical body 33a is, for example, the threaded shaft of a screw.

[0051] The first transferring element 34 , clearly visible in Figures 3 and 5, consists of a flat body comprising a front portion 34a on which the shaped slot 35 is defined, a rear portion 34b configured to be rotatably constrained to the rear wall 24 , and a side arm 34c of constraint for the elastic rotation element 36 . The rear portion 34b is constrained to the rear wall 24 by means of a pin 56 , which pin is arranged with its rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis Y of the rearward movement lever 30 .

[0052] The elastic rotation element 36 consists of a traction helical spring having a first end constrained to said rear wall 24 and a second end constrained to the side arm 34c .

[0053] The second moving element 38 comprises a cylindrical body arranged to slide into the through hole 39 by interposing a sliding sleeve 58 , indicated in Figures 4 and 6, for example a bushing or a bush.

[0054] The second transferring element 40 comprises a flat body arranged substantially on the same reference plane with the first transferring element 34 . The second transferring element 40 comprises a pivoting portion 40a, hinged by means of the pin 41 to the lower portion 25a of the front wall 25 , and a thrust transmission portion 40b , which develop cantilevered from the pivoting portion 40a ; said thrust transmission portion 40b is shaped so as to have a first end 40c of contact with the plate end 38b of the second moving element 38 , and a second opposite end 40d arranged for contact with the first transferring element 34 at a counter-thrust point 34d of the first transferring element 34 . Said counter-thrust point 34d is positioned in such a way that a thrust of the second moving element 38 on the second transferring element 40 causes a thrust of the second transferring element 40 on the first transferring element 34 such as to cause the passage of the first moving element 33 from the second section 35b to the first section 35a of the shaped slot 35 and the loading of the elastic rotation element 36 .

[0055] In the present embodiment of the invention, obviously not limiting the same invention, the loading of the elastic rotation element 36 consists of a tensile elongation of the same elastic rotation element 36 .

[0056] The second transferring element 40 is substantially L-shaped.

[0057] The operation of the quick coupling 10 according to the invention is described below.

[0058] Starting, for example, from a coupling setup, like in Figures 3, 4, 8, 10 and 12, in which the first fixing body 11 and the second fixing body 12 are coupled to each other, in a setup that thus results in the tool B to be fixed to the movement arm A of an earth-moving machine, an operator couples the shaped head 46 of the manoeuvring rod 45 to the manoeuvring relief 47 of the rearward movement lever 30 , like in Figure 12.

[0059] By rotating the manoeuvring rod 45 , like in Figure 5 and in Figure 13, the rearward movement lever 30 rotates and pushes the strut 31 which is fixed to the slider block 21 .

[0060] The slider block 21 moves rearward with respect to the front crosspiece 14 ; together with the slider block 21 the retractable coupling teeth 17 move rearward, passing from the coupling setup of Figures 3, 4 and 8 to the disengagement setup of Figures 5, 6 and 9.

[0061] The rearward movement of the retractable coupling teeth 17 causes the compression of the thrust elastic means 28 , i.e. of the thrust helical springs 28a, as shown in Figures 8 and 9.

[0062] At the same time, the first moving element 33 moves rearward with the slider block 21 .

[0063] The slider block 21 is moved rearward until the first moving element 33 is at the transition zone 35c of the shaped slot 35 .

[0064] The transition zone 35c has a diverting wall configured so that the first moving element 33 that is moving rearward pushes on it, causing a first rotation of the first transferring element 34 .

[0065] This first rotation of the first transferring element 34 simultaneously causes: a thrust of the counter-thrust point 34d on the second end 40d of the second transferring element 40 ; the passage of the first moving element 33 from the first section 35a to the second section 35b of the shaped slot 35 .

[0066] The thrust of the counter-thrust point 34d on the second end 40d of the second transferring element 40 in turn causes a rotation of the second transferring element 40 such that the first end 40c of the second transferring element 40 pushes against the plate end 38b of the second moving element 38 .

[0067] Basically, at the same time, the first end 38a of the second moving element 38 pushes on the sliding surface 14a of the front crosspiece 14 .

[0068] The first end 38a and the sliding surface 14a are shaped in such a way that the sliding of one on the other causes a disengagement rotation around the axis X of the first fixing body 11 with respect to the second fixing body 12 .

[0069] This disengagement rotation is clearly visible in Figures 6, 7 and 13.

[0070] In this disengagement setup, the first moving element 33 is engaged in the second section 35b of the shaped slot 35 thanks to the thrust of the thrust elastic means 28 , and in this way the slider block 21 is prevented from translating in the direction of advancement of the retractable coupling teeth 17 towards the front crosspiece 14 .

[0071] For operating in the reverse manner to what has been described above, that is, starting from a disengagement setup, like in Figures 5, 6, 9, 11 and 13, in which the first fixing body 11 and the second fixing body 12 are coupled at the rear crosspiece 15 , in order to operate the coupling of the retractable coupling teeth 17 to the front crosspiece 14 , it is proceeded as described below.

[0072] By rotating the first fixing body 11 with respect to the second fixing body 12 about the rotation axis X in a mutually coupling direction, the second moving body 38 meets the sliding surface 14a of the front crosspiece 14 .

[0073] The contact between the first end 38a of the second moving element 38 and the sliding surface 14a causes the second moving element 38 to move rearward and thus, with its plate end 38b , it pushes on the second transferring element 40 .

[0074] The second transferring element 40 rotates around the pin 41 and pushes the first transferring element 34 with its second end 40d .

[0075] The first transferring element 34 is then pushed to rotate so that in the shaped slot 35 the first moving element 33 is arranged at the first section 35a .

[0076] When the first moving element 33 is at the first section 35a , said first moving element 33 can translate in the first section 35a in the translation direction Z .

[0077] In this way, the slider block 21 is free to advance pushed by the thrust elastic means 28 and the retractable coupling teeth 17 exit the front wall 25 and place themselves below the front crosspiece 14 causing the mutual coupling of the first fixing body 11 and of the second fixing body 12 .

[0078] The invention also relates to a bucket assembly, characterized in that it comprises a quick coupling 10 as described above, where the second fixing body 12 is fixed to a bucket B .

[0079] Practically, it has been established that the invention achieves the intended task and objects.

[0080] In fact, with the invention a quick coupling with components of reduced complexity but of no less efficacy, efficiency and safety than the couplings of known type has been developed.

[0081] Furthermore, with the invention a quick coupling has been developed that does not require the use of dedicated hydraulic lines for its operation.

[0082] In particular, a bucket assembly comprising such a quick coupling has been developed with the invention.

[0083] The invention thus conceived is susceptible to many modifications and variants, all falling within the scope of the appended claims; furthermore, all details can be replaced by other equivalent technical elements.

[0084] In practice, the components and the materials used could be of any type, so long as they are compatible with the specific use, as well as the contingent shapes and dimensions, according to requirements and the state of the art.

[0085] Where the features and techniques mentioned in any claim are followed by reference marks, such reference marks are intended to be affixed solely for the purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and, consequently, such reference marks have no limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by such reference marks.

Claims

1. Quick coupling (10) for the reversible connection of a tool (B) to a movement arm (A), particularly for earth-moving machines and the like, comprising: - a first fixing body (11), configured to be fixed to the end of a movement arm (A) or to another support of an operating machine; - a second fixing body (12), configured to be fixed to a tool (B); - reversible coupling means (13) for connecting said first fixing body (11) to said second fixing body (12); said reversible coupling means (13) comprising: - two coupling crosspieces (14, 15), a front crosspiece (14) and a rear crosspiece (15), which are fixed to said second fixing body (12); - one or two fixed coupling teeth (16), configured to be coupled to said rear crosspiece (15), said fixed coupling teeth (16) being integral with said first fixing body (11), wherein said rear crosspiece (15) and said fixed coupling teeth (16) are configured to define a rotation axis (X) for the reciprocal rotation of said first fixing body (11) and of said second fixing body (12); - one or two retractable coupling teeth (17), supported by said first fixing body (11) and configured to be coupled to said front crosspiece (14); - translation means (18) for said retractable coupling teeth (17), supported by the first fixing body (11) and configured to allow the displacement of said retractable coupling teeth (17) between two setups of use: - a first setup of extraction and of coupling with said front crosspiece (14); - a second setup that is rearward and of disengagement from said front crosspiece (14); said quick coupling (10) also comprising: - reversible locking means (19) configured to retain said translation means (18) in said second rearward setup; - unlocking means (20) configured to deactivate said reversible locking means (19) and to allow said translation means (18) to translate said retractable coupling teeth (17) so that said retractable coupling teeth (17) assume said first extraction setup; characterized in that: said translation means (18) comprise: - a slider block (21) to which said retractable coupling teeth (17) are fixed; - a translation chamber (22) inside which said slider block (21) is placed to translate according to a translation direction (Z), said translation chamber (22) comprising a bottom (23), a rear wall (24), a front wall (25) and two side walls (26), said front wall (25) comprising for each retractable coupling tooth (17) a guide and support through hole (27), said translation chamber (22) being part of said first fixing body (11); - thrust elastic means (28) configured to push said slider block (21) towards said first extraction setup; - a rearward movement lever (30), having a rotation axis (Y) substantially transverse to a plane containing the translation direction (Z) of said slider block (21), said rearward movement lever (30) being pivoted to said first fixing body (11); - a strut (31) fixed to said slider block (21) and configured to meet said rearward movement lever (30) and receive the thrust thereof; said reversible locking means (19) comprise: - a first cam mechanism (32) comprising a first moving element (33) integral with said slider block (21) and a first transferring element (34) rotatably constrained to said first fixing body (11), said first transferring element (34) having a shaped slot (35) configured to accommodate the sliding of said first moving element (33), said shaped slot (35) comprising a first section (35a) configured to allow the free translation of said first moving element (33) in said translation direction (Z), a second section (35b) configured to prevent the translation of said first moving element (33) in said translation direction (Z) in the direction that runs from said rear wall (24) towards said front wall (25), and a transition zone (35c) between said first section (35a) and said second section (35b); - an elastic rotation element (36) positioned and configured in such a way as to cause the passage of said first transferring element (34) from a first setup of free translation with said first moving element (33) positioned in said first section (35a) of said shaped slot (35) to a second setup of locking with said first moving element (33) positioned in said second section (35b) of said shaped slot (35); said unlocking means (20) comprise a second cam mechanism (37) comprising in turn: - a second moving element (38) placed to translate in a through hole (39) defined on said front wall (25) and comprising a first end (38a) configured to meet a sliding surface (14a) defined on said front crosspiece (14) and an opposite second plate end (38b) placed in contact with a second transferring element (40); - a second transferring element (40) pivoted to said first fixing body (11) by means of a pin (41) and configured in such a way that a rotation thereof around said pin (41), caused by a thrust of said second moving element (38), causes a rotation of said first transferring element (34) such as to disengage said first moving element (33) from said second section (35b) of said shaped slot (35) and such as to position said first moving element (33) in said first section (35a).

2. Quick coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises a manoeuvring rod (45) comprising a shaped head (46) configured for the coupling with a manoeuvring relief (47) developing in the direction of the rotation axis (Y) from said rearward movement lever (30), said shaped head (46) and said manoeuvring relief (47) being configured in such a way that the mutual coupling does not allow the rotation of said shaped head (46) with respect to said manoeuvring relief (47).

3. Quick coupling according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said thrust elastic means (28) comprise a thrust helical spring (28a) for each of the retractable coupling teeth (17), each thrust helical spring (28a) being positioned against said slider block (21) or against a retractable coupling tooth (17), and with the opposite second end resting on the rear wall (24).

4. Quick coupling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said rearward movement lever (30) is pivoted to said front wall (25).

5. Quick coupling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said front wall (25) comprises a lower portion (25a), on which the two guide and support through holes (27) are defined, and an upper portion (25b) on which said through hole (39) for said second moving element (38) is defined.

6. Quick coupling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first moving element (33) comprises a substantially cylindrical body (33a) fixed to said slider block (21), said substantially cylindrical body (33a) being fixed to the slider block (21) so that its main axis of symmetry is substantially parallel to the rotation axis (Y) of said rearward movement lever (30).

7. Quick coupling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first transferring element (34) consists of a flat body comprising a front portion (34a) on which said shaped slot (35) is defined, a rear portion (34b) configured to be rotatably constrained to the rear wall (24), and a side arm (34c) of constraint for the elastic rotation element (36), said rear portion (34b) being constrained to said rear wall (24) by means of a pin (56), which pin is arranged with its rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis (Y) of the rearward movement lever (30).

8. Quick coupling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said elastic rotation element (36) consists of a traction helical spring having a first end constrained to said rear wall (24) and a second end constrained to said side arm (34c).

9. Quick coupling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said second transferring element (40) comprises a flat body arranged substantially on the same reference plane with the first transferring element (34).

10. Quick coupling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said second transferring element (40) comprises a pivoting portion (40a), hinged by means of a pin (41) to said lower portion (25a) of said front wall (25), and a thrust transmission portion (40b), which develop cantilevered from said pivoting portion (40a), said thrust transmission portion (40b) being shaped so as to have a first end (40c) of contact with the plate end (38b) of said second moving element (38), and a second opposite end (40d) arranged for contact with the first transferring element (34) at a counter-thrust point (34d) of said first transferring element (34), said counter-thrust point (34d) being positioned in such a way that a thrust of the second moving element (38) on the second transferring element (40) causes a thrust of the second transferring element (40) on the first transferring element (34) such as to cause the passage of the first moving element (33) from the second section (35b) to the first section (35a) of the shaped slot (35) and the loading of the elastic rotation element (36).

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