Fire protection insert

Abstract

Fire protection insert for a floor drain, comprising: • an insert element designed such that, in a state of insertion of the fire protection insert into the floor drain, it is fixed in position within the floor drain; and • a closure element movable relative to the insert element, comprising a cover and a plunger extending from the cover into the insert element, wherein the closure element is adjustable between a release position in which the cover exposes an inlet opening of the floor drain and a closed position in which the cover closes the inlet opening of the floor drain; • wherein the closure element is biased into the closed position but held in the release position against the bias by a locking element arranged at an end of the plunger projecting away from the cover; • wherein the locking element is designed to yield in the event of a fire.so that the movement of the locking element into the closed position is released, characterized in that • the cover (20) has a fire protection plate and • the insert element is designed with or without an intumescent coating.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fire protection insert, in particular without sealing water, for a floor drain and a system comprising a floor drain and such a fire protection insert.

[0002] Floor drains are installed, for example, in ceilings, on flat roofs, or on parking decks and are used to drain water. Floor drains create a perforation in the ceiling that houses them, creating a weak point in the event of a fire. Therefore, according to building regulations, measures must be taken to prevent the spread of fire and smoke, particularly from a space below the floor drain, upwards through the floor drain.

[0003] For floor drains with odor traps, intumescent materials are known which foam up due to heat in the event of a fire and thus close the inlet, as described, for example, in DE 10 2013 109 367 A1 and EP 1 640 518 A1.

[0004] A floor drain without a water seal and a fire protection device is known, for example, from DE 10 2005 046 149 B4. In this floor drain, a valve disc pre-tensioned into a closed position is held at a distance from an inlet opening by spacers located above the inlet opening of the floor drain. In the event of a fire, these spacers shorten, thus allowing the valve disc to move into a closed position to close a drain outlet.

[0005] EP 4 006 242 A1 discloses a fire protection insert for a floor drain. The fire protection insert has an insert element which is designed such that, when the fire protection insert is inserted into the floor drain, a closure element with a cover is provided which is movable relative to the insert. The cover has a plunger extending into it which is pre-tensioned into a closed position by a spring. In the event of a fire, the heat generated melts the safety element and the cover and its plunger move from the open position to the closed position. Furthermore, the heat supply triggers the intumescent layer, which closes the floor drain. The foamed intumescent layer closes the closure element together with the cover, thus achieving particularly reliable fire protection.

[0006] Different countries stipulate different fire resistance classes. For example, DIN 4102-11 regulates various fire resistance classes from R30 to R180 for measures to prevent fire spread in pipelines. The fire classes indicate the number of minutes for which the corresponding component will retain its function in the event of a fire, or for which fire spread will not occur. Many countries require a fire resistance class of R90 or R120 for fire protection.

[0007] The invention is based on the object of providing a fire protection insert that is adapted to the different fire resistance classes using simple means.

[0008] The invention solves the problem by a fire protection insert according to claim 1 and by a system according to claim 15. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims of the description and the figures.

[0009] The fire protection insert according to the invention is intended and suitable for a floor drain, and can therefore be inserted into a floor drain. The fire protection insert comprises an insert element which is designed such that, when the fire protection insert is inserted into the floor drain, it sits in a fixed position in the floor drain, as well as a closure element which is movable relative to the insert element and which has a cover and a plunger extending from the cover into the insert element. The closure element is movable relative to the insert element such that it can be adjusted between a release position, in which the cover of the closure element releases an inlet opening of the floor drain, and a closure position, in which the cover of the closure element closes the inlet opening of the floor drain. The closure element is pre-tensioned into the closure position. In a normal state, ieHowever, without the effects of high heat caused by a fire, a force acts against this preload, so that the closure element is held in the release position. For this purpose, according to the invention, a securing element is provided at an end of the plunger facing away from the cover. The securing element can, in particular, be a securing plate. According to the invention, the securing element is designed to yield in the event of a fire, so that the movement of the closure element into the closed position is released.

[0010] The system according to the invention comprising a floor drain and such a fire protection insert therefore provides that the fire protection insert is inserted into the floor drain such that the insert element can be adjusted between the release position and the closed position. The floor drain has an inlet opening for draining surface water, into which the fire protection insert is inserted. The fire protection insert can be held at the inlet opening and, in particular, also at an adjoining pipe wall of the floor drain, as will be explained below. A drain pipe can be connected to the floor drain to drain the surface water, for example, into a sewer system. The fire protection insert is, in particular, a fire protection insert without a water seal.

[0011] In the fire protection insert according to the invention, the cover of the closure element, in the closed position, closes the inlet opening of the floor drain, thus preventing smoke or heat from a fire occurring below the floor drain from rising through the floor drain into an area above. The use of a cover together with a fire protection panel allows the insert element to be designed either with or without an intumescent layer. If the design with an intumescent layer is selected, a very high fire resistance class can be achieved. If only the fire protection panel is used and no intumescent layer is arranged in the insert element, a sufficiently high fire resistance class can often also be achieved.The particular advantage of the design according to the invention is that the fire protection insert can be used flexibly for different fire resistance classes without too much effort when using a fire protection plate in the cover.

[0012] During fire protection use, the existing security element reacts particularly to the high temperatures generated by the fire. For example, the security element can deform and / or melt. The security element can become so soft that it no longer offers sufficient counterforce to the pre-tensioning of the locking element into the locked position, with the result that the plunger of the locking element is released. If the security element is designed as a security plate, the plunger can then pierce the security plate. The security element is arranged at an end of the key pointing away from the cover. The plunger can therefore have a first end connected to the cover and a second end opposite the first end, wherein the second end is the end pointing away from the cover.While the cover of the closure element is arranged above the inlet opening of the floor drain, at least in the release position, the end of the plunger facing away from the cover is located relatively deep within the floor drain. The securing element arranged at this end is thus close to a space located beneath the floor drain and absorbs the fire heat. Particularly compared to the known EP 4 006 242 A1, the fire protection insert according to the invention has the advantage that, thanks to its cover with the fire protection plate, it can be used for different fire resistance classes. If an insulating material is added, the use in a higher fire resistance class can be achieved with otherwise identical construction.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the lid has a lid element with a surrounding edge that accommodates the fire protection panel. The lid element has a substantially flat lid section, which is surrounded by an edge of the same height. The lid section with the edge accommodates the fire protection panel. In principle, more than one fire protection panel can also be provided.

[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the cover has a heat protection plate with perforations that partially conceal the fire protection panel. The fire protection panel can be covered, for example, by an amount of 1 / 8 to 7 / 8, preferably 1 / 3 to 2 / 3. The technical function of the heat protection plate is to distribute the rising heat as evenly as possible across the heat protection panel. Overall, the cover element, fire protection panel, and heat protection plate create a kind of layered structure in the cover, which also makes it possible to comply with fire protection classes without additional intumescent materials.

[0015] Another distinguishing criterion with regard to the use of fire protection boards is that when used without an intumescent layer, it is possible to provide a metal base for the fire protection insert. When using an intumescent layer, the base must be made of plastic, which releases the intumescent layer when exposed to heat.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the securing element can be designed such that it softens and / or melts in the event of a fire. The securing element can thus clear the way for the plunger and thus the entire closure element to move in the direction of the preload, i.e., toward the closed position. The securing element softens or melts, in particular, due to the effect of the heat caused by the fire. The securing element can have a melting temperature that is below the temperatures typically encountered in the floor drain during such a fire. According to one embodiment, the securing element can be made of plastic. The securing element can, in particular, be a securing plate, as mentioned.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the closure element is preloaded into the closed position by a spring acting on a counterbearing of the closure element. The spring can, for example, be accommodated in a receiving space of the insert element. The receiving space can be sealed from the floor drain in such a way that surface water to be drained via the floor drain cannot enter the receiving space.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the insert element comprises a cylindrical base body and holding arms extending outward from the base body, wherein the base body is held in the floor drain by the holding arms when the fire protection insert is inserted into the floor drain. The base body is preferably held centrally in the floor drain and, in particular, is held by the holding arms on all sides at an equal distance from a pipe wall of the floor drain. The cylindrical base body can have a smaller diameter than the inlet opening and the pipe wall of the floor drain. The plunger of the closure element can, in particular, be arranged parallel to a cylinder longitudinal axis of the base body and can be mounted in the base body so as to be movable along this longitudinal axis. Due to the smaller diameter of the cylindrical base body, the surface water flows outside the base body through the floor drain.The surface water can pass through the holding arms. The first end of the plunger pointing towards the cover can be located above the base body, at least in the release position. The second end of the plunger pointing away from the cover of the closure element can be located below the base body, at least in the closed position. In the use state of the fire protection insert, i.e. when inserted into the floor drain, the first end can therefore be understood as an upper end and the second end of the plunger as a lower end. At least in the closed position, the lower end of the plunger can protrude downwards from the base body. The securing element can be arranged in the base body or below the base body. According to one embodiment, the securing element can be arranged at a lower end of the base body.If the securing element is designed as a securing plate, this securing plate can in particular have the same diameter as the base body.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the insert element has an intumescent material that foams up in the event of a fire and closes the floor drain. According to one embodiment, the intumescent material can be accommodated in a receiving space of the insert element, in particular of the cylindrical base body. The intumescent material is preferably arranged at a lower end of the insert element when the fire protection insert is in use. The intumescent material is thus closer to the source of the fire. The intumescent material can close the inside of the floor drain by foaming. In addition to the closure element closing the inlet opening above it, this achieves particularly reliable fire protection. A particularly advantageous feature is that when the cover is already in the closed position, the heat in the floor drain increases quickly, which leads to a particularly fast reaction of the intumescent material.

[0020] According to one embodiment in this regard, the safety element gives way when a first temperature is reached and the intumescent material foams up when a second temperature is reached, wherein the first temperature is lower than the second temperature. According to this embodiment, the first safety mechanism, namely the inventive closure of the inlet opening by the cover of the closure element, reacts earlier than the second safety mechanism, namely the foaming of the intumescent material. The safety element can, for example, be designed to melt or soften at the lower, first temperature. In the event of a fire, the closure element is therefore initially adjusted to the closed position, which seals off the floor drain from the room above. This prevents further hot air or fire from entering the room above, so that the hot air builds up in the floor drain.This leads to a particularly rapid increase in temperature, which in turn leads to a particularly rapid reaction, i.e. expansion, of the intumescent layer.

[0021] According to one embodiment in this regard, the intumescent layer is accommodated in a receiving space of the insert element, in particular of the cylindrical base body, which is designed to fold outwards in a fan-like manner when the intumescent layer is foamed and to hold the intumescent layer in the foamed state in the floor drain. The cylindrical base body, which is held in particular centrally in the floor drain, can therefore fold outwards in a fan-like manner in a section containing the intumescent layer. Folding out of the receiving space is to be understood in particular as the folding out of fan-like elements which can form part of the wall delimiting the receiving space to the outside. Separate fan-like folding elements can also be provided within the receiving space. In the outwardly folded state, the elements can come into contact in particular with the pipe wall of the floor drain.The fan-shaped elements can also be held in the unfolded state by other means. These fan-shaped elements are pushed outward, particularly by the foaming of the intumescent material, and when unfolded, they hold the intumescent material within the floor drain. This prevents the intumescent material from falling down, ensuring particularly reliable fire protection.

[0022] An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the figures. They show: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a fire protection insert according to the invention in a longitudinally cut-out representation in the release position, Figure 2 shows the fire protection insert from Fig. 1 inserted into a floor drain, Figure 3 the fire protection insert Fig. 1 in another sectional view, Figure 4 the fire protection insert from Fig. 2with the closure element in the closed position (without intumescent material), and Figure 5 the fire protection insert with the fan opened (with swollen intumescent material).

[0023] Unless otherwise stated, the same reference symbols refer to the same items in the following.

[0024] The figures show a perspective view of a fire protection insert 10 according to the invention, which is shown in section. The fire protection insert 10 comprises an insert element 12 with a cylindrical base body 14 and holding arms 16 extending outward from the base body. In this embodiment, three holding arms are provided, which are arranged evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylindrical base body 14. However, due to the sectional views, only two holding arms are visible. With upper holding sections 16a, which extend radially outward from a central holding base 16c, the holding arms 16 rest, in a use state of the fire protection insert, i.e., inserted into a floor drain, on an edge of an inlet opening 42 of the floor drain 40, as shown in Figure 2can be seen. Support sections 16b of the support arms 16, which extend downwards from the support sections 16a, are connected to one another via a central support base 16d and come into contact with a pipe wall of the floor drain 40.

[0025] The fire protection insert 10 further comprises a closure element 18 which is movable relative to the insert element 12 and has a lid 20 and a plunger 22 extending from the lid 20 into the insert element 12. The plunger 22 has a first end 22a facing the lid 20 and an end 22b pointing away from the lid 20. The plunger 22 extends through a correspondingly formed receiving space in the base body 14, with its first end 22a protruding upwards from the base body 14 and its second end 22b protruding downwards from the base body 14. The plunger 22 thus extends along a cylinder longitudinal axis L of the base body 14. Along this longitudinal axis, the plunger 22 and thus the entire closure element 20 is movably guided in an inner tube 34 relative to the insert element 12 and thus the base body 14. The closure element 18 is biased by a spring 24 into a Fig. 4The spring 24 is accommodated in a receiving space 33 of the base body 14 and acts on a counter bearing 26 connected to the tappet 22. Due to this spring preload, a force acts on the closure element 18 downwards along the cylinder's longitudinal axis L. The closure element 18 is held by a securing element 28 against the preload in the position shown in the Fig. 1 to 3 The securing element 28 is held in the visible release position. The securing element 28 is designed here as a securing plate and is arranged at the second end 22b of the plunger 22, which points away from the cover 20. The securing element 28 counteracts the preload of the plunger 22. The securing element 28 is connected to a lower end of the base body 14 via holding elements 30.

[0026] The cover 20 is constructed in the form of a layered structure. The cover element 21 has a substantially flat cover section, in which the tappet 22 is centrally connected. An edge 23 is provided circumferentially around the cover element 21. The edge 23 has a uniform height that extends in the longitudinal direction. The cover element 21 with its edge 23 forms a receptacle for a fire protection plate 25. The fire protection plate 25 is preferably made from a calcium silicate, for example, as a self-supporting plate. It is preferably flame-retardant as defined by EN 1350.1 and can therefore be used in fire protection. The fire protection plate 25 has approximately the same surface area as the cover element and lies flush with the edge 23 of the cover element. In addition to the fire protection plate 25, a heat protection plate 29 is also arranged, which has openings 29A and 29B extending in the radial direction, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 to recognize.

[0027] The fire protection insert according to the invention is located in the Fig. 1 to 3 in the normal state, i.e., without a fire, with the closure element in the release position. In this state, the fire protection insert is inserted into a floor drain so that the holding sections 16a rest on an edge of the inlet opening 42 of the floor drain 40 and the contact sections 16b rest against the pipe wall of the floor drain, as mentioned. The base body 14 therefore has a smaller diameter than the pipe wall of the floor drain, so that surface water can enter between the cover 20 and the holding sections 16a, flow downwards into the floor drain, and pass through the base body 14 on the outside. In the release position, the inlet opening 42 of the floor drain is exposed by the cover 20.

[0028] In the event of a fire in a room located below the floor drain, heat travels upwards through the pipes to the floor drain and thus to the fire protection insert 10. As the temperature rises, the safety element 28 yields in such a way that there is no longer sufficient counterforce to the spring preload. In particular, the safety element 28 can melt partially or completely. This allows the plunger 22 to move downwards freely, and the closure element 18 is moved into the closed position, which is Fig. 4 As can be seen from the comparison between the Fig. 3 and 4As can be seen, the closure element 18 moves downwards relative to the insert element 12 along the cylinder's longitudinal axis L during the transition from the release position to the closure position. The counterbearing 26, which runs in a free space in the base body 14, is pressed downwards by the spring 24. The cover 20 thus moves toward the holding sections 16a and closes the inlet opening 42 of the floor drain 40. This prevents fire, smoke, and heat from passing upwards through the floor drain into a room located above.

[0029] Due to the inventive arrangement of the safety element at the lower end of the plunger facing away from the cover, the fire protection insert according to the invention can react particularly quickly to a fire. The safety element is thus located significantly closer to the source of the fire than comparable triggering elements in state-of-the-art fire protection inserts.

[0030] The illustrated embodiment shows a fire protection board together with an intumescent layer 32. Alternatively, the intumescent layer can be omitted when using the fire protection board 25. Particularly if the insert element 12 is made of metal in this embodiment, a fire resistance class of R90, i.e., fire resistance as defined by DIN 4102-11, can be achieved even without the intumescent layer. For example, the combination of fire protection board and intumescent layer can also achieve a fire resistance class of R120, i.e., high fire resistance as defined by DIN 4102-11.

[0031] The insulation protection agent, which is accommodated in a receiving space 35 of the base body 14 (in Figure 4The intumescent layer is not shown). The receiving space 35 is located in a lower area of ​​the base body 14 and thus also close to the source of the fire. When heat rises, the intumescent layer reacts and foams up, whereby fan-like elements 36 arranged in the receiving space 35 open outwards and thus hold the intumescent layer 32 in the foamed state in the floor drain. This protects the intumescent layer 32 from falling down. This is in Figure 5 , which shows the fire protection insert 10 in its use state, i.e., inserted into the floor drain 40. It is evident that the foamed intumescent layer 32 fills the entire cross-section of the floor drain 10 and thus securely seals it. The expanding intumescent layer 32 has also pushed the wall of the base body 40 outwards, at least in the area surrounding the receiving space 35. The base body 14 is in Figure 5Not shown, but may still be provided at least in the area of ​​the upper receiving space 25. The base body 14, if made of plastic, may also melt completely or partially under the influence of heat.

[0032] In Figure 5 It can also be seen that the cover 20 closes the inlet opening of the floor drain 40 in such a way that the rise of fire and smoke is prevented, or at least can be prevented. Especially in conjunction with the foamed insulating layer, the floor drain is securely closed.

[0033] It can be provided that the securing element 28 yields at a first temperature and the intumescent layer 32 foams at a second temperature, wherein the first temperature is lower than the second temperature. The securing element 28 can therefore react to the fire even at a lower temperature than the intumescent layer 32. This leads to the inlet opening of the floor drain being closed by initially moving the closure element into the closed position. As a result, a great deal of heat accumulates quite quickly beneath the cover 20, which in turn leads to the second temperature being reached quickly and thus to the intumescent layer 32 foaming prematurely. This achieves particularly effective fire protection.

Claims

1. Fire protection insert (10) for a floor drain (40), comprising • an insert element (12) which is designed such that, when the fire protection insert (10) is inserted into the floor drain (40), it sits in a fixed position in the floor drain (40), and • a closure element (18) which is movable relative to the insert element (12) and has a cover (20) and a plunger (22) extending from the cover (20) into the insert element (12), wherein the closure element (18) is adjustable between a release position in which the cover (20) releases an inlet opening of the floor drain (40), and a closure position in which the cover (20) closes the inlet opening of the floor drain (40), • wherein the closure element (18) is pretensioned into the closure position, but by a securing element (28) is held in the release position against the preload,• wherein the securing element (28) is designed to yield in the event of a fire, so that the movement of the closure element (18) into the closed position is released, • the cover (20) has a fire protection plate (25) and • the insert element is designed with or without an insulating layer former., 2. Fire protection insert (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (20) has a cover element (21) which has a peripheral edge (23) which receives the fire protection plate (25).

3. Fire protection insert (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover has a heat protection plate (29) which has openings (29A, 29B) and partially covers the fire protection plate (25).

4. Fire protection insert (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the case of the design without insulation protection, the base body (14) is made of metal.

5. Fire protection insert (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in thatin the case of the design with insulation protection, the base body (14) is made of plastic.

6. Fire protection insert (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the securing element (28) is designed such that it becomes soft and / or melts in the event of a fire.

7. Fire protection insert (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the securing element (28) is made of plastic.

8. Fire protection insert (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure element (18) is pretensioned into the closure position by means of a spring (24) acting on a counter bearing (26) of the closure element (18).

9. Fire protection insert (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the spring (24) is accommodated in a receiving space (25) of the insert element (12).

10. Fire protection insert (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe insert element (12) has a cylindrical base body (14) and holding arms (16) extending outwards from the base body (14), wherein the base body (14) is held centrally in the floor drain (40) via the holding arms (16) when the fire protection insert (10) is inserted into the floor drain (40), wherein the plunger (22) of the closure element (18) is movably mounted in the insert element (12).

11. Fire protection insert (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the securing element (28) is arranged at a lower end of the base body (14).

12. Fire protection insert (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert element (12) has an insulating layer former (32) which foams up in the event of a fire and closes the floor drain (40).

13. Fire protection insert (10) according to claim 12, characterized in thatthe securing element (28) gives way when a first temperature is reached and the insulating layer former (32) foams when a second temperature is reached, wherein the first temperature is lower than the second temperature.

14. Fire protection insert (10) according to claim 13 or 12, characterized in that the insulating layer former (32) is accommodated in a receiving space (35) of the insert element (12), which is designed to fold outwards in a fan-like manner when the insulating layer former (32) is foamed and to hold the insulating layer former (32) in the foamed state in the floor drain (40).

15. A system comprising a floor drain (40) and a fire protection insert (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the floor drain (40) has an inlet opening for draining surface water and for transferring the surface water into a drain pipe, wherein the fire protection insert (10) is inserted into the floor drain (40) such that the insert element (12) is adjustable between the release position and the closure position.

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