Extendable ladder set with a plurality of ladder parts

Abstract

The invention relates to an extendable ladder set (8) and to an emergency or rescue vehicle (1) equipped therewith. The ladder set (8) comprises a plurality of ladder parts (19 to 13) and a guide arrangement (33) for at least the first uppermost ladder part (9). The uppermost ladder part (9) comprises a ladder element (17) and a pivoting arm (18), which are connected to one another in an articulated manner by means of a pivoting arrangement (19), wherein, starting from an articulation axis (27), side rails (28) of the ladder element (17) project by a length (42) beyond the articulation axis (27) in the direction of a ladder head (15). The guide arrangement (33) comprises mutually opposite first and second guide units (34, 35), which are spaced apart by a distance (38) in the longitudinal extent of the ladder. The distances (38) between the first and second guide units (34, 35) each correspond at most to a length (42) by which the side rails (28) of the ladder element (17) project beyond the articulation axis (27).

Description

[0001] EXTENDABLE LADDER SET WITH MULTIPLE LADDER SECTIONS

[0002] The invention relates to an extendable ladder set, in particular a fire brigade ladder for an emergency or rescue vehicle, as well as to an emergency or rescue vehicle equipped with such a ladder set.

[0003] From AT 513 612 A4 by the same applicant, a generically designed, extendable ladder set, in particular a fire service ladder, and a vehicle equipped therewith are known. The ladder set is formed from at least two ladder parts, each consisting of stiles and rungs running between the stiles, wherein the uppermost ladder part is formed from at least two ladder sections that are connected to one another by an articulated connection. A hinge axis forming the articulated connection runs essentially parallel to the rungs. When the uppermost ladder part is fully retracted into the further ladder section below it, the first ladder section and the second ladder section overlap with the further ladder section immediately below it.In order to make it easier to climb from the first ladder section to the second ladder section and to make the guidance of the uppermost ladder section more reliable, the stiles of the first ladder section extend beyond the joint axis and at least partially overlap with the second ladder section. The uppermost ladder section is guided on or along guide elements which are mounted in the additional ladder section below it. When the uppermost ladder section is fully retracted into the additional ladder section below it, the sections of the stiles of the first ladder section which extend beyond the joint axis rest on or along the guide elements. Furthermore, at least the additional ladder section located directly below the uppermost ladder section can have a free space which is open in the head region of the additional ladder section between the stiles towards the tip of the ladder section and is continuous between the front and rear of the additional ladder section.This means that the second ladder section can be tilted around the joint axis through the free space in a position in which the joint axis overlaps with the further ladder section located directly below the uppermost ladder section.

[0004] Another telescopic ladder for a fire engine is known from EPI 892 017 A2. The uppermost ladder section is designed to pivot about a joint arrangement. Furthermore, an extension and bending device for the fire engine's supply pipe is provided, which comprises a telescopic metal pipe mounted on the ladder. At its end, a ball-joint-like bending device is arranged, which corresponds to the position of the ladder's inclination and provides a firewater path within the bending device to allow water to flow through in the desired direction.

[0005] EP 2 182 164 A1 describes another telescopic ladder set for lifting rescue vehicles with a plurality of telescopically extendable ladder sections, which comprises a base section mounted on a vehicle, an uppermost end section and a number of connecting sections arranged therebetween. The uppermost end section has two ladder sections that are connected to one another by an articulated connection. When the uppermost end section is fully retracted into the connecting section below, the first ladder section and the second ladder section overlap with the further connecting section immediately below it. The ladder set also comprises a rope for extending the ladder sections, a pulling device mounted in the region of the base section for extending the rope and a roller arrangement for guiding the rope by means of pairs of rollers mounted on the connecting sections.For the controlled extension movement of the individual ladder sections relative to each other, a sliding guide is also provided, which has a braking device. The sliding guide comprises a first sliding rail mounted on the first ladder section, a second sliding rail mounted on the third ladder section, and a sliding block. The sliding block is guided in the first sliding rail on one side and along the second sliding rail on the other side, as well as in a vertical guide. The vertical guide, in turn, is connected to the second ladder section.

[0006] EP 1 726 773 B1 also describes a turntable ladder for a rescue vehicle with a plurality of telescopically extendable ladder elements. An arm, also designed as a ladder element, is pivotally mounted about a horizontal pivot pin and hinged to the last or uppermost of the ladder elements. The hinged arm is itself telescopically extendable and consists of a base section pivotally mounted at the end of the last ladder element and an end section telescopically displaceable relative to the latter. Each of the sections has lower elements and upper elements, with the lower elements being bridged by rungs. The upper elements serve as railings, which are connected like a lattice frame and which together form a U-shaped cross-section.When the ladder sections are fully retracted, the arm hinged to the top ladder element protrudes above the retracted ladder sections and is in turn located above the driver's cab.

[0007] DE 94 16 367 U1 discloses a turntable ladder for rescue vehicles with a multi-part ladder set consisting of a number of telescopically extendable ladder sections, each with a lower chord and an upper chord serving as a railing, with rungs extending transversely between the stiles of the lower chord. The uppermost ladder section is divided into two parts and comprises an inner section that is approximately the same length as the ladder section immediately below it, and an outer section that is hinged to the inner section by an articulated connection with a horizontal hinge axis. The inner section is extended by the additional outer section. The hinge axis lies outside the additional ladder section located directly below the uppermost ladder section, i.e. the hinge axis does not overlap with the ladder section immediately below it.In its basic position, the outer section protrudes forward above the driver's cab and forms an extension of the ladder set, which can be pivoted down via the pivot axis. A work basket is attached to the end of the outer section facing away from the pivot axis, i.e., at the top of the ladder. By pivoting down, the work basket can be lowered to the ground, allowing rescue teams to directly board and disembark.

[0008] Such ladders or sets of ladders are also called articulated ladders due to the articulated connection between the uppermost part of the ladder and its ladder sections, and the outer ladder section forming the ladder head is also called an articulated arm.

[0009] The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an extendable ladder set and an emergency or rescue vehicle equipped therewith, by means of which an even more precise and smoother relative adjustment of the first, uppermost ladder section to the further ladder section located directly below it is possible. Furthermore, continuous guidance and support of the first ladder section should be enabled while simultaneously maintaining free space for the pivot arm. This object is achieved by an extendable ladder set and an emergency or rescue vehicle equipped therewith according to the claims.

[0010] The extendable ladder set constructed according to the invention serves in particular as a fire service ladder and can be mounted on an emergency or rescue vehicle. The extendable ladder set comprises several ladder sections, each formed from ladder stiles and rungs extending between the ladder stiles, each defining a ladder base and a ladder head spaced therefrom. The uppermost ladder section comprises a ladder element and a pivot arm, which are pivotally connected to one another by means of a pivot assembly, and a pivot axis defined by the pivot assembly is aligned substantially parallel to the ladder rungs. The ladder stiles of the ladder element extend from the pivot axis by a projection beyond the pivot axis in the direction of the ladder head and at least partially overlap the pivot arm.and wherein in the region of the projection between the ladder stiles of the ladder element, a free space is defined by these, viewed in the transverse direction, wherein, in the position of the uppermost ladder section fully retracted into the immediately underlying ladder section, the ladder element and the at least one pivoting arm overlap with the immediately underlying ladder section, and a guide arrangement, which guide arrangement is arranged at least on the immediately underlying ladder section at least in the region of the ladder head, and the uppermost ladder section is guided on or on the guide arrangement, wherein it is further provided that the guide arrangement comprises, viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, first guide units and second guide units opposite one another, that the first guide units are arranged on a ladder section end region of the immediately underlying ladder section facing away from the ladder base,that the second guide units are arranged at a distance from the first guide units in the direction of the ladder base, and that the distances between the first guide units and the second guide units each correspond at most to the projection of the ladder stiles of the ladder element over the joint axis.

[0011] The advantage achieved in this way is that the selected distances between the first guide units and the second guide units from one another result in double guidance and / or support of the ladder element on each side of the ladder according to a predetermined adjustment path. By providing the two guide units and the selected longitudinal offset between the first and second guide units, the ladder element is already guided on the first guide units on both sides and / or supported against them as soon as the front pivot arm is adjusted away from the second guide units to the side or direction away from the ladder base and is no longer guided or supported by them. As soon as the pivot arm or articulated arm is adjusted away from the second guide units or leaves them, the ladder element or the upper ladder is already resting on the first guide units or is guided by them.This creates continuous guidance and / or support, preventing jerking during the transition between the two guide units, namely the head rollers.

[0012] A further embodiment provides that the ladder stiles of the pivoting arm are each arranged transversely relative to the longitudinal extension of the ladder within the ladder stiles of the ladder element. Thus, with a corresponding arrangement of the first guide units, a clearance can be created in the head area due to the narrower ladder design. Furthermore, by providing a recess at least in the head section of the additional ladder section located directly below, a relative pivoting of the pivoting arm and simultaneous double support of the ladder element can be achieved.

[0013] Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the ladder stiles of the pivoting arm and the ladder stiles of the ladder element, in their extended alignment with one another, each have support surfaces that run flatly relative to one another on their sides facing the first guide units and the second guide units. This makes it possible to avoid a height offset between the pivoting arm and the ladder element, wherein at least the second guide units can serve to guide and / or support both the pivoting arm and the ladder element. Another embodiment is characterized in that the individual ladder parts are designed with ladder lengths that are approximately the same length. This allows the ladder set to be designed with a longitudinal extent that is almost the same relative to one another, wherein additionally the personnel lifting device can be prevented from projecting too far or protruding beyond the driver's cab of the emergency or rescue vehicle.

[0014] Another possible embodiment has the features that the ladder length of the pivot arm corresponds to a multiple of the length, in particular at least twice the length, of the extension of the ladder stiles beyond the hinge axis. This allows the first and uppermost ladder section to be supported and / or guided by the second guide units when fully retracted.

[0015] A further embodiment provides for the ladder section directly below to have a further clearance between the ladder stiles adjacent to the second guide units and in the direction of the ladder head. This allows the swivel arm to be moved from its aligned position relative to the ladder element to a position pivoted toward the support surface after a predetermined extension of the first ladder section. The ladder element, in turn, is guided and / or supported by the two first and second guide units.

[0016] Another embodiment is characterized in that the first guide units are arranged at a transverse distance from one another in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, which transverse distance is selected to be greater than the outer width of the pivot arm. This allows for unhindered and collision-free pivoting of the pivot arm even when the pivot arm is still located between the first guide units.

[0017] A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the second guide units are arranged within the last pair of rungs of the ladder section immediately below, as viewed in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension. Thus, the pivot arm can be supported on the second guide units during its extension movement until the ladder element is also supported on the second guide units. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if, when the uppermost ladder section is fully retracted into the ladder section immediately below, the stiles of the pivot arm are each supported against one of the second guide units. This allows the ladder length of the pivot arm to be freely selected within certain limits, while still achieving adequate guidance of the first ladder section.

[0018] Another alternative embodiment is characterized in that, after a relative adjustment of the first ladder section to the side facing away from the ladder base, and with its ladder element and pivot arm aligned in a straight line with each other, both the ladder stiles of the ladder element in the section of its free space and the ladder stiles of the pivot arm are each supported on one of the second guide units. This allows for a uniform and overlapping guidance of the first ladder section in the area of ​​the second guide units.

[0019] A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first guide units and / or the second guide units are each pivotably mounted on the second ladder section about a pivot axis extending parallel to the ladder rungs, and the first guide units and / or the second guide units are each displaced toward the second ladder section by means of an adjusting element with their end facing the ladder base. This prevents unwanted collisions and damage to the respective guide units during the extension movement of the first ladder section.

[0020] Another possible embodiment has the features that the guide arrangement further comprises at least one compensating element, preferably two compensating elements, wherein the at least one compensating element or elements are each designed in the form of a rocker, and a first guide unit is arranged at one end region and a second guide unit is arranged at the opposite end region of the respective compensating element. This allows for even better and more uniform guidance and / or support of the first ladder section.Another possible and possibly alternative embodiment has the features that the guide arrangement further comprises third guide units and fourth guide units, each opposite one another in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the conductor. These third and fourth guide units are arranged on the conductor part directly below them, and the third and fourth guide units are designed to guide the conductor element of the first conductor part in a parallel position on the further conductor part directly below them, as seen in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the conductor. In this way, in addition to load transfer, a sufficiently high degree of parallel guidance in the transverse direction to the longitudinal extension of the conductor can also be achieved.

[0021] A further embodiment provides for the third guide units to be arranged or formed directly above the first guide units on the further conductor section. This allows for a high level of guidance accuracy at the outer conductor end.

[0022] Another embodiment is characterized in that the fourth guide units are arranged at a distance from the third guide units in the direction of the ladder base, and the distance is selected such that, when the first ladder section is fully retracted, each of the stiles of the ladder element is guided along the fourth guide units located opposite one another in the transverse direction. In this way, sufficient longitudinal and transverse guidance can be achieved even in the region of the upper ladder section. In the normal operating state, with the first ladder section extended, the ladder element is then guided along both the third and fourth guide units.

[0023] A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the third guide units and / or the fourth guide units each comprise a base element forming a rocker, wherein a pivot axis of the base element has an approximately normal orientation with respect to the transverse extent of the ladder parts relative to the longitudinal extent of the ladder. By providing the rocker and the mostly rotatable guide elements, which are usually located at both ends of the lever, a sufficiently high level of guidance accuracy and a certain degree of tolerance compensation can be achieved.

[0024] Another possible embodiment has the features that the third guide units and / or the fourth guide units each comprise a pivoting path limiting device, by means of which the maximum possible pivoting path of the base element about its pivot axis can be limited. This allows unwanted collisions, especially during initial contact with the respective guide unit, to be minimized or even prevented altogether.

[0025] One possible design of a lifting unit is equipped, among other things, with a telescopic boom arm and is intended in particular for an emergency or rescue vehicle, such as in the fire service. The lifting unit with its telescopic boom arm comprises a plurality of boom arm parts, each of which defines a boom arm base and a boom arm head spaced therefrom, wherein the boom arm parts are adjustable relative to one another from a fully retracted starting position up to a fully extended operating position and vice versa relative to one another in the direction of their boom arm longitudinal extension, a first line, which first line is arranged or designed to extend from the lowest or last of the boom arm parts, preferably continuously to the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts,wherein the first line is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section at the lowest or last of the boom arm parts, and a second or upper line section of the first line is held in a stationary position at the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts, at least one second line or an auxiliary cable, which second line or auxiliary cable is arranged or formed extending from the lowest or last of the boom arm parts, preferably continuously, to the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts, wherein the second line is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section or the auxiliary cable is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section at the lowest or last of the boom arm parts, and a second or upper line section of the second line or the auxiliary cable is held in a stationary position at the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts,wherein it is further provided that a first tensioning device is provided, which first tensioning device comprises a first tensioning roller, a second tensioning roller, a tensioning frame that freely rotatably supports the two tensioning rollers, and a longitudinal guide arrangement, by means of which longitudinal guide arrangement the two tensioning rollers are freely adjustable in the direction of the cantilever arm's longitudinal extension, that the first tensioning device is arranged on one of the cantilever arm parts, that the first line is deflected in a first direction in its line path towards the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts at the first tensioning roller of the first tensioning device, that the second line is deflected in its line path or the auxiliary cable is deflected in a direction opposite to the first direction in its line path towards the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts at the second tensioning roller of the first tensioning device,and that the first tensioning device with its two tensioning rollers is designed to be automatically adjusted along the longitudinal guide arrangement upon a relative adjustment of at least some of the boom arm parts to one another by means of the first line deflected at the first tensioning roller and by means of the second line deflected at the second tensioning roller or the auxiliary cable.

[0026] The advantage of this cable guide in conjunction with the first tensioning device for the first cable and a second cable or the auxiliary cable is that the first and second cable sections are each held stationary at the lowest or last of the boom arm sections and also at the highest or first of the boom arm sections. The cables are always guided in an opposite or opposite arrangement to one another by means of deflection pulleys for the respective cable or the auxiliary cable, which are arranged alternately either in the area of ​​the boom arm base or the boom arm head. If the first cable is deflected or held in position by one of the boom arm sections in the area of ​​the boom arm head, the second cable or the auxiliary cable is deflected or held in position in the opposite end area, namely the boom arm base of the same boom arm section, and vice versa.By positioning the holder for both the first cable and the second cable or the auxiliary cable at the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, and preferably in the same boom arm section, interaction between the first cable and the second cable or the auxiliary cable is achieved. The deflection takes place in opposite directions at the two interacting tensioning pulleys of the tensioning device. If only one of the boom arm sections is displaced relative to another, usually starting at the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, the interacting tensioning pulleys of the tensioning device are displaced relative to one another automatically along the longitudinal guide arrangement. In this way, the cables or a cable and the auxiliary cable are always guided from the lowest or last of the boom arm sections to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections without colliding with the boom arm sections.This prevents the cables or a cable and the auxiliary rope from sagging along the boom arm sections for the most part.

[0027] By providing the first tensioning device with the two tensioning pulleys, a deflection of the first line deflected thereon and also of the second line or auxiliary cable is achieved. Due to the respective deflection to opposite sides or directions and the arrangement and freely rotatable mounting on a common tensioning frame, in conjunction with the longitudinal guide arrangement, an automatic displacement of the two tensioning pulleys along the longitudinal guide arrangement is achieved upon a relative displacement of individual boom arm parts. This eliminates or requires no additional operating resources for the adjustment process of the tensioning pulleys.

[0028] Furthermore, it can be advantageous to position the first clamping device at the lowest or last of the boom arm sections. This allows the operator to have good, direct visual contact to check that the cable is properly routed.

[0029] Another embodiment is characterized in that the first line, after being deflected at the first tensioning pulley, is guided to the boom arm head of the next boom arm section arranged immediately below and to at least one first deflection pulley located there. The further course of the first line, after being deflected at the first deflection pulley, extends to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, in particular into the area of ​​its boom arm base. Thus, the multiple deflections at the respective deflection pulleys always ensure sufficient pretensioning of the first line, even with a multiple arrangement of boom arm sections.

[0030] A further possible embodiment has the features that the second line, after its deflection, or the auxiliary rope, after its deflection at the second tensioning pulley, is guided to the boom arm base of the immediately following boom arm section and to at least one first deflection pulley located there, and the further course of the second line, after its deflection at the first deflection pulley, or of the auxiliary rope, after its deflection at the first deflection pulley, runs to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, in particular into the area of ​​its boom arm base. This means that sufficient pretension can always be applied to the second line or the auxiliary rope with appropriate deflection, thus largely preventing excessive sagging.

[0031] A further embodiment provides that a further boom arm part is provided, which further boom arm part is arranged immediately following the next boom arm part located immediately following the lowest or last of the boom arm parts and the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts, and the further line s course of the first line after its deflection at the first deflection pulley runs to a second deflection pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm base of the further boom arm part and is deflected or deflected at the second deflection pulley, and the further line s course of the second line after its deflection at the first deflection pulley or the further line s course of the auxiliary rope after its deflection at the first deflection pulley runs to a second deflection pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm head of the further boom arm part and is deflected or deflected at the second deflection pulley.This makes it possible to vary several related boom arm parts.

[0032] Another embodiment is characterized in that an additional further boom arm part is provided, which additional further boom arm part is arranged directly in front of the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts and the further line course of the first line after its deflection on the second deflection roller in the area of ​​the boom arm base of the further boom arm part runs to a third deflection roller in the area of ​​the boom arm head of the additional further boom arm part and is deflected or diverted on the third deflection roller towards the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts,and the further course of the second line after its deflection at the second deflection pulley, or the further course of the auxiliary rope after its deflection at the second deflection pulley, runs in the area of ​​the boom arm head of the additional boom arm section to a third deflection pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm foot of the additional boom arm section and is deflected or diverted at the third deflection pulley to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections. This way, even with a larger number of boom arm sections, unwanted sagging of the lines or of a line and the auxiliary rope can always be avoided.

[0033] A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first tensioning device is arranged on a further boom arm section located between the lowest or last boom arm section and the uppermost or first boom arm section. This allows for an even more effectively distributed tensioning effect on the cables or a cable and the auxiliary cable.

[0034] Furthermore, it may be advantageous if at least one additional tensioning device is arranged on one of the boom arm sections on which no first tensioning device is located. This multiple arrangement allows for an even more uniform tensioning effect on the cables or a cable and the auxiliary cable.

[0035] Another alternative embodiment is characterized by the fact that the additional clamping device is designed identically to the first clamping device. This component similarity allows for reduced manufacturing and spare parts costs.

[0036] Another possible and possibly alternative embodiment has the features that the longitudinal guide arrangement comprises two guide rails arranged opposite one another and spaced apart from one another, and the guide rails are aligned in the direction of the cantilever arm's longitudinal extension. This allows a sufficiently high guide accuracy to be achieved.

[0037] A further embodiment provides that the guide rails each have a U-shaped cross-section and define mutually facing longitudinal channels, in which longitudinal channels the two tension rollers are each partially received and guided in the longitudinal channels so as to be longitudinally adjustable. By directly receiving and arranging the two associated tension rollers, a high level of guidance accuracy can be achieved despite very little space required. This can also prevent tilting during the longitudinal adjustment of the tension rollers in the guide rails. Another embodiment is characterized in that the clamping frame of the clamping device comprises a first clamping frame element and a second clamping frame element, wherein the first tension roller is freely rotatably mounted on the first clamping frame element and the second tension roller is freely rotatably mounted on the second clamping frame element and the two clamping frame elements are held together.By providing the two clamping frame elements held together, identical parts can be used, which results in savings in production and subsequent storage.

[0038] A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the tensioning device further comprises at least one tensioning element, from which at least one tensioning element applies a pretensioning force directed toward and against each other to the first tensioning frame element and to the second tensioning frame element. This allows, on the one hand, a certain pretension to be applied to the two cables or to one cable and the auxiliary cable. Furthermore, this also allows for better compensation of stress peaks, which are then not directly transmitted to the cables or to one cable and the auxiliary cable.

[0039] A further embodiment provides that, with a relative maximum first adjustment path of the uppermost or first boom arm part with respect to the immediately following additional boom arm part, a second adjustment path of the relative displacement of the two tensioning rollers along the longitudinal guide arrangement corresponds to half the value of the first adjustment path of the first or uppermost boom arm part. Thus, the maximum possible adjustment path of the two tensioning rollers can be precisely determined depending on the maximum possible adjustment path of the uppermost or first boom arm part.

[0040] Another embodiment is characterized in that the boom arm is designed as a ladder set, which ladder set comprises several ladder sections that can be telescoped relative to one another.

[0041] A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the boom arm is designed as a telescopic mast, which telescopic mast comprises several mutually telescopic mast sections. For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

[0042] They show in a highly simplified, schematic representation:

[0043] Fig. 1 an emergency vehicle with a raised lifting unit and a partially extended ladder section with a pivoted swivel arm, in side view;

[0044] Fig. 2 the first and uppermost ladder section with its ladder element and swivel arm, in a still spaced-apart arrangement of the ladder element and swivel arm, in plan view and simplified representation;

[0045] Fig. 3 the further conductor part immediately below, in plan view and simplified representation;

[0046] Fig. 4 shows the first and uppermost ladder section and the further ladder section immediately below it in a fully retracted position relative to one another and in a separate arrangement next to one another, in plan view and simplified representation;

[0047] Fig. 5 shows the two ladder sections according to Fig. 4, but with the first and uppermost ladder sections partially extended and with the two ladder sections arranged separately next to each other, in plan view and in a simplified representation;

[0048] Fig. 6 shows the two ladder parts according to Figs. 4 and 5, with the first and uppermost ladder part extended even further and in a separate arrangement of the two ladder parts next to each other, in plan view and simplified representation;

[0049] Fig. 7 a possible variant of the arrangement of the support surfaces on the swivel arm and on the ladder element in an aligned orientation one behind the other, in plan view and simplified representation;

[0050] Fig. 8 shows a detail of the conductor element in its end region facing away from the conductor base with the arrangement of possible starting bevels;

[0051] Fig. 9 shows a possible variant of the pivotable mounting of the first and / or second guide units, in a schematically simplified representation;

[0052] Fig. 10 shows a further possible arrangement of the first and second guide units on an additional compensating element, in a simplified schematic representation; Fig. 11 shows a possible embodiment of the pivotable mounting of the third and / or fourth guide units, each with an additional pivot path limiting device;

[0053] Fig. 12 a ladder set with its ladder sections and ropes as actuating means for adjusting the ladder sections relative to each other, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other and in a highly simplified representation;

[0054] Fig. 13 an arrangement of pulleys for the deflection of the pull-out rope and the retraction rope, in a highly simplified representation;

[0055] Fig. 14 a roller arrangement of the deflection pulleys according to Fig. 13, in axial section and with the ropes removed;

[0056] Fig. 15 a cooperating pair of pulleys for reducing the rope distance between the deflected rope strands, in a simplified diagrammatic representation;

[0057] Fig. 16 a further ladder set designed as a cantilever arm with its ladder parts defining the cantilever arm parts, a first line and a second line or an auxiliary cable and a tensioning device, but without cables as actuating means for the relative adjustment of the ladder parts defining the cantilever arm parts to one another, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other with the ladder parts fully retracted and in a highly simplified representation;

[0058] Fig. 17 shows the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm according to Fig. 16, in the fully extended position of the uppermost or first ladder section, in a highly simplified representation;

[0059] Fig. 18 shows the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm according to Figs. 16 and 17, in the fully extended position of all ladder parts relative to one another, in a highly simplified representation;

[0060] Fig. 19 the tensioning device for the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm according to Figs. 16 to 18, with the associated tensioning rollers and the longitudinal guide arrangement, in a highly simplified representation;

[0061] Fig. 20 the associated tensioning rollers of the tensioning device according to Figs. 16 to 19, in a simplified diagrammatic representation;

[0062] Fig. 21 shows a further embodiment of the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm with a tensioning device, but with a smaller number of cantilever arm parts designed as ladder parts compared to the embodiment in Figs. 16 to 18, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the cantilever arm parts one above the other with the ladder parts fully retracted and in a highly simplified representation;

[0063] Fig. 22 shows a further possible embodiment of the boom arm with a tensioning device, which boom arm is designed as a telescopic mast comprising several telescopic mast parts, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the boom arm parts one above the other with completely retracted telescopic mast parts and in a highly simplified representation;

[0064] Fig. 23 shows a further possible embodiment of the boom arm with an arrangement of the clamping device on the penultimate boom arm part, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the boom arm parts one above the other with the boom arm parts fully retracted, and in a highly simplified representation;

[0065] Fig. 24 shows a further possible embodiment of the boom arm with a total of four boom arm parts and a clamping device, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other with the boom arm parts fully retracted, and in a highly simplified representation;

[0066] Fig. 25 shows a further possible embodiment of the boom arm with a total of five extraction arm parts and two clamping devices, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the boom arm parts one above the other, with partially extended extraction arm parts and in a highly simplified representation.

[0067] By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols or component designations. The disclosures contained throughout the description can be applied analogously to identical parts with identical reference symbols or component designations. Furthermore, the positional information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refers to the directly described and illustrated figure, and these positional information must be applied analogously to the new position in the event of a change in position.

[0068] The term "in particular" is understood below to mean a possible more specific embodiment or closer specification of an object or method step, but does not necessarily have to represent a mandatory, preferred embodiment of the same or a mandatory procedure. In their present use, the terms "comprising", "refers to" 1 , "having", "includes", "including", "contains", "containing" and any variations thereof cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

[0069] Another term that can also be used is "optional." This means that this process step or system component is inherently present, but can be used depending on the operating conditions, although this is not mandatory.

[0070] The terms "deviated" and "diverted" are also used. For this purpose, pulleys or disks are usually used in conjunction with the respective rope-like or cable-like object. As soon as a deflection or redirection occurs at the pulley or disk, deviating from a straight line, the aforementioned terms are used.

[0071] Fig. 1 shows a highly simplified emergency or rescue vehicle 1, which can be used in particular as an aerial rescue vehicle by the fire brigade or other aid and / or rescue organisations.

[0072] The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 can also be used solely for firefighting operations, but can also be used for personal or animal rescue operations, technical assistance, or disaster relief operations at various heights or depths. Such vehicles are also referred to as motor vehicles, whereby the term "motor vehicle" refers to any vehicle that includes at least one power source for its propulsion. The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 can serve, or be designed for, a fire service vehicle, firefighting vehicle, municipal vehicle, or transport vehicle, for example.

[0073] In the present exemplary embodiment, the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 is designed as a truck and can comprise a chassis 2 with at least one pair of front wheels 3 and at least one pair of rear wheels 4 arranged thereon. The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 further comprises a vehicle body 5 comprising a driver's cab 6 and a separate lifting unit 7, preferably arranged on the chassis 2. The vehicle body 5 can comprise not only the driver's cab 6, but optionally also further superstructures such as transport boxes or the like.

[0074] In the present exemplary embodiment, the lifting unit 7 is formed by a so-called ladder set 8, wherein the ladder set 8 can comprise a plurality of ladder sections 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 arranged one inside the other and cited as examples. An emergency or rescue vehicle 1 designed in this way can be referred to as a turntable ladder vehicle, which represents a very common embodiment of the aerial rescue vehicle with its lifting unit 7. The extension movement of the individual ladder sections 9 to 12 shown here relative to the lowest ladder section 13 can, according to a first variant, be selected such that first the uppermost or first ladder section 9 is preferably fully extended and only then are the other ladder sections 10 to 12 extended simultaneously or synchronously. A further possibility or second variant consists in all ladder sections 9 to 12 being extended simultaneously or synchronously.The first variant described is preferred here for carrying out the extension movement.

[0075] The following description refers to the ladder set 8 forming the lifting unit 7. It should be noted that the number of ladder sections 9 to 13 has been chosen only as an example and that the number can be freely selected. In the following, the uppermost ladder section 9 is referred to as the first ladder section 9 and the ladder sections located below it in the direction of the chassis 2 are referred to as further ladder sections 10 to 13. The ladder sections 9 to 13 are guided along one another in a known manner so that they can be moved longitudinally, whereby only in the first or uppermost ladder section 9, in addition to the ladder stiles and ladder rungs, the supporting structure located laterally next to the rungs has been indicated as a lattice frame or truss.

[0076] Viewed in cross-section, each of the ladder sections 9 to 13 preferably forms an approximately U-shaped cross-section, whereby the two lower ladder stiles and the ladder rungs can form the base of each ladder section 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. The respective lateral legs protrude from the base and are usually designed as a lattice frame or truss with upper ladder stiles and connected to the base. The base with the two lower ladder stiles and, if applicable, additional ladder stiles and the rungs can also be referred to as the lower chord, and the two upper ladder stiles, which are usually connected to the respective lower ladder stiles via lattice struts, can be referred to as the upper chord.

[0077] The lateral lattice frames with the upper ladder stiles can form part of a railing for each ladder section 9 to 13. The ladder set 8 defines a ladder base 14 and a ladder head 15, wherein, in the illustration of Fig. 1, a personnel receiving means 16 can be arranged or attached to the uppermost or first ladder section 9 at its end facing away from the ladder base 14, which can also be referred to as a rescue cage or ladder cage.

[0078] The ladder set 8 with its ladder sections 9 to 13 can be telescoped from its collapsed and shortened initial position into a correspondingly extended operating position by means of an extension movement. The ladder section(s) 9 to 13 can be adjusted back to their respective initial positions by means of a retraction movement. The compact transport position of the ladder set 8 is indicated in dashed lines above the driver's cab 6. The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 travels from an operations center to the scene of the incident or destination in the compact transport position of the ladder set 8 on the vehicle body 5.

[0079] It is also shown that the first ladder section 9 comprises a ladder element 17 and a pivoting arm 18 pivotally connected thereto, as is already considered to be known. A pivoting arrangement 19 is provided between the ladder element 17 and the pivoting arm 18 in order to be able to pivot the pivoting arm 18 from its basic position running parallel to the ladder element 17 into a position angled thereto. The pivoting arm 18 can also be referred to as a so-called basket arm, articulated arm or articulated part. The illustration of further details as well as actuators or operating means for carrying out the relative pivoting movement of the pivoting arm 18 together with the person-lifting means 16 has been omitted for the sake of clarity.

[0080] Furthermore, it is also indicated that the ladder set 8 with its ladder sections 9 to 13 comprises a rotating or pivoting arrangement, by means of which the ladder set 8 can be adjusted accordingly. The rotating or pivoting arrangement can also be referred to as a bogie 20. The ladder set 8 is pivotally mounted on the bogie 20, wherein the bogie 20, in turn, is rotatably mounted with respect to the chassis 2, in particular on the bogie.

[0081] To provide drive power for the traction drive and / or other drive units for the most diverse adjustment movements of various vehicle components, particularly at the site of use, a wide variety of drive units with a wide variety of energy sources can be provided.

[0082] One option is the use of conventional fuels, such as diesel and / or gasoline, both of which are based on petroleum. However, alternative energy sources can also be used. A combined application or use is also possible. Due to the emissions generated by conventional fuels, their use should be largely avoided or even completely avoided.

[0083] In simplified form, an energy source 21 is indicated, which is designed or configured to store electrical energy. For the storage and provision of electrical energy, the energy source 21 can also be referred to as an electrical energy storage device or electrical energy source 21.

[0084] The required energy can also be provided, for example, by a fuel cell and / or, for longer-term operations, as needed, additionally with a so-called range extender 22. The range extender 22 is usually powered by an internal combustion engine, in particular by diesel or gasoline fuel, which drives a generator, which generates or provides the electrical energy. To use more environmentally friendly fuels here as well, synthetic and / or sustainably produced fuels and / or gases can also be used. These can also be alternative fuels.

[0085] When used, a fuel cell is a galvanic cell that converts the chemical reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidizing agent into electrical energy. The electrical energy source 21 and the optionally provided range extender 22 and / or the fuel cell can form or represent a component or each a component of an energy supply system. The electrical energy source 21, designed as an electrical energy storage device, is electrically connected to the range extender 22 and / or the fuel cell and provides the energy required or necessary for at least the driving movements to be performed.

[0086] Preferably and predominantly, however, at least one drive of the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 should be carried out or implemented using electrical energy with at least one electric motor 23, whereby the adjustment movements, such as those of the lifting unit 7 and / or the drive of units should also be carried out predominantly using electrical energy. This is indicated by dashed lines. The drive torque can be transmitted directly from the at least one electric motor 23 and / or via an intermediary transmission arrangement to the respective wheels or other drive units.

[0087] In Figs. 2 to 6, the uppermost or first ladder section 9 of the ladder set 8, with its ladder element 17, the pivot arm 18, and the pivot assembly 19, as well as the additional ladder section 10 located directly below it, are shown in a simplified and stylized manner in various positions relative to one another. In Figs. 2 and 3, the two ladder sections 9 and 10 are each shown individually.

[0088] In the fully retracted position - see Fig. 4 - of the uppermost or first ladder section 9, the ladder head 15-1 of the uppermost or first ladder section 9 is arranged directly adjacent to the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it, as seen in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder sections 9 to 13. For the sake of clarity, the two ladder sections 9, 10 are shown in a separate position next to each other in a view from above.

[0089] Furthermore, it is also shown that in the area of ​​the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it, a free space 24 is formed, extending from said head and towards the respective ladder foot 14 as well as between the two ladder stiles 25. Thus, no ladder rungs 26 extend continuously between the two ladder stiles 25. The free spaces 24 formed between the respective associated ladder stiles 25 of the respective ladder section 10 to 13 are open towards the ladder head 15, 15-2 or the ladder section tip and are each formed continuously between the front and the rear of the respective ladder section 10 to 13, i.e. the free space 24 is free of continuous ladder rungs.

[0090] 26 and extends from the uppermost continuous ladder rung 26 to the respective ladder head 15 or the ladder section tip. This allows the pivot arm 18 to be tilted through the free space 24 or spaces 24 even in a position in which the pivot assembly 19, with its pivot axis 27, overlaps the underlying ladder sections 10 to 13. It is therefore no longer necessary to move the pivot axis 27 beyond the underlying ladder sections 10 to 13 if the free space 24 or spaces 24 are provided or formed. The pivot axis defined by the pivot assembly 19

[0091] 27 is essentially aligned parallel to the ladder rungs 26.

[0092] As can best be seen from Figs. 2 and 4 to 6, the uppermost or first ladder section 9 comprises the ladder element 17 and the pivot arm 18 pivotally mounted thereon. The ladder element 17, in turn, also comprises ladder stiles 28 and ladder rungs 26 extending therebetween, which can be provided at least in sections. A separate free space 29 is also provided in the end section of the ladder element 17 facing the ladder head 15 of the ladder set 8, which free space 29 can be designed analogously to the previously described free space(s) 24. Here, too, no ladder rungs 26 are provided adjacent to the hinge axis 27.

[0093] The pivot arm 18, in turn, also comprises ladder stiles 30 and ladder rungs 26 extending therebetween. For the sake of simplicity, all ladder rungs 26 have been given the same reference numeral. In the area of ​​the separate free space 29 of the ladder element 17, the two ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 are located within the two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, as seen in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder parts 9 to 13. This means that the two ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 are arranged closer to a ladder center between the ladder stiles 28, 30 than the two outer ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17. The two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 are further arranged overlapping or straddling the two ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18, as seen in the ladder longitudinal direction.This is because the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 extend from the joint axis 27 by a projection 42 beyond the joint axis 27 in the direction of the ladder head 15-1 and thus to the side or direction facing away from the ladder base.

[0094] Due to this transverse offset of the two ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 with respect to the two outer ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, the pivot arm 18 has a smaller width 31 than a clear width 32 between the two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17. In this case, the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 are each arranged within the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, as seen in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder.

[0095] The pivoting arrangement 19 with its joint axis 27 is located in the area of ​​the uppermost or last ladder rung 26 of the ladder element 17 of the uppermost ladder section 9. This is particularly on the side of the uppermost or last ladder rung 26 of the ladder element 17 facing away from the ladder base 14.

[0096] Furthermore, a guide arrangement 33 is provided for guiding and supporting the uppermost or first conductor section 9 on the further conductor section 10 located directly below it. The guide arrangement 33 comprises a first guide unit 34 for each conductor side (left conductor side and right conductor side) and a second guide unit 35 arranged at a distance therefrom as seen in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the conductor. In the present exemplary embodiment, the first guide units 34 are arranged or formed opposite one another and in the end region of the conductor head 15-2 of the further conductor section 10 located directly below it. The end region of the conductor head 15-2 of the further conductor section 10 located directly below it can also be referred to as the conductor section end region 36.

[0097] To enable unhindered pivoting of the pivot arm 18 through the previously described at least one free space 24 of the further ladder section(s) 10 to 13, the first guide units 34 are provided exclusively for supporting and / or guiding the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17. The free space 24 may be provided, but is not absolutely necessary. If the free space 24 is provided, the first guide units 34 are arranged at a transverse distance 37 from one another in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, wherein the transverse distance 37 is selected to be greater than the outer width 31 of the pivot arm 18.

[0098] The second guide units 35 are each arranged at a distance 38 from the first guide units 34 in the direction of the ladder base 14. The distances 38 between the first guide units 34 and the second guide units 35 preferably each correspond to a maximum length of the projection 42 of the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 beyond the joint axis 27. The distances 38 are each related to the mean of each of the guide units 34, 35. The previously described free space 24 in the ladder section 10 immediately below is formed between the ladder stiles 25, adjoining the second guide units 35 and in the direction of the ladder head 15-2 of the ladder section 10, as seen in the transverse direction. It can also be advantageous if the second guide units 35 are arranged within the last pair of rungs of the ladder section 10 immediately below, as seen in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension.

[0099] The arrangement and design of the second guide units 35, viewed transversely with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, should be selected such that, when the uppermost ladder section 9 is fully retracted into the ladder section 10 immediately below it, the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 are each supported against one of the second guide units 35. This is indicated by a thin line in Fig. 4.

[0100] Furthermore, it can be provided that the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 and the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, in their extended orientation relative to one another, each have support surfaces 39, 40 on their sides facing the first guide units 34 and the second guide units 35, which are aligned in a planar manner relative to one another. The support surfaces 39, 40 can each be defined by the ladder stiles 28 and 30 and / or by a profile part additionally arranged or fastened to at least one of the ladder stiles 28, 30. The support surfaces 39, 40 further define a common plane in their extended orientation relative to one another.

[0101] Fig. 5 also shows that after a relative first adjustment path VI of the first ladder section 9 with respect to the further ladder section 10 immediately below it on the side or direction facing away from the ladder base 14 and with the ladder element 17 and pivot arm 18 thereof in an extended alignment with one another, both the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 in the section of its free space 29 and the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 are each supported on one of the second guide units 35. For the sake of better clarity, the two ladder sections 9, 10 have also been shown here in an arrangement next to one another. A thin line emanating from the second guide units 35 indicates that the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 and also the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 are each supported on one of the second guide units 35.

[0102] After a longer relative adjustment path V2 of the first ladder section 9 in the same direction, the joint axis 27 comes into a position outside the two second guide units 35 on the side or direction facing away from the ladder base 14, wherein then only the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 are each supported on and / or guided by one of the second guide units 35. Thus, one of the ladder stiles 28 is supported on and / or guided by one of the second guide units 35. This is shown in simplified form in Fig. 6. Furthermore, it is also shown that if the adjustment path V2 is selected to be sufficiently large, the two ladder stiles 28 are also supported on the first guide units 34 or rest on them and are thus guided.

[0103] The pivot arm 18 preferably has a ladder length, starting from the joint axis 27 to its ladder head 15-1, which corresponds to a multiple of the length of the projection 42 of the ladder stiles 28 beyond the joint axis 27. The ladder length of the pivot arm 18 can in particular be at least twice the length of the projection 42 of the ladder stiles 28. However, the ladder length of the pivot arm 18 can also be three times, four times, or five times the value of the projection 42 of the ladder stiles 28 beyond the joint axis 27. However, intermediate values ​​are also possible, although this can depend on the respectively selected rung spacing. The individual ladder sections 9 to 13 preferably have approximately the same ladder lengths relative to one another.In the operating position of the ladder sections 9 to 13, in which at least one of the ladder sections 9 to 12 is fully extended relative to the ladder section 10 to 13 located directly below it, a certain overlap of the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 with respect to one another in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension is required for stability reasons. This defines or predetermines a maximum possible adjustment path for each of the ladder sections 9 to 12. If at least the previously described free space 24 is provided in at least one further ladder section 10 to 13, the maximum possible ladder section length of the pivot arm 18 can be selected such that, on the one hand, the joint axis 27 is located in the region of the free space 24 and, on the other hand, the ladder element 17 is still sufficiently guided in the further ladder section 10 located directly below it when the maximum possible adjustment path is reached.

[0104] Since the respective ladder lengths of the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 are selected to be approximately equal to one another, in the fully retracted starting position or initial position of the individual ladder sections 9 to 13, the ladder element 17 of the first, uppermost ladder section 9 ends before the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it. This also ends before the at least one free space 24 of the further ladder section(s) 10 to 13. Because the ladder sections 9 to 13 are selected to be approximately the same length, the ladder element 17 and the pivot arm 18, in their interconnected and extended position between their ladder base 14 and ladder head 15-1, also have approximately the same ladder length. When the uppermost ladder section 9 is fully retracted into the ladder section 10 directly below it, the ladder element 17 and the at least one pivot arm 18 overlap with the ladder section 10 directly below it.

[0105] The free space 24, possibly defined by the additional ladder section 10 located directly below it between its ladder stiles 25, has a free space length 41. The free space length 41 extends between the last rung 26 of the additional ladder section 10 and the end of the ladder stiles 25 up to the ladder head 15-2.

[0106] The previously described first and second guide units 34 and 35 serve to mutually support and guide the two ladder sections 9 and 10 on one another and thus to transfer the weight force that is applied or exerted by the effect of gravity from the uppermost ladder section 9 to the further ladder section 10 located immediately below it. Furthermore, the first and second guide units 34 and 35 can each be formed from a plurality of guide elements, in particular guide rollers and / or guide cylinders, arranged directly one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder. With a multiple arrangement of guide elements one behind the other, a longer guide length or support length can be realized for each guide unit 34, 35.

[0107] The guide arrangement 33 for longitudinally guiding the first and uppermost ladder section 9 on the further ladder section 10 arranged directly below it can also comprise third guide units 43 and fourth guide units 44, as shown in Figs. 3 to 6. The third and fourth guide units 43, 44 are designed or provided to guide the first ladder section 9, in particular exclusively its ladder element 17, in a parallel position, viewed in the transverse direction, on the further ladder section 10 arranged directly below it. The guide units 43, 44 can also be referred to as so-called lateral guide devices.

[0108] The two third guide units 43 can preferably each be arranged or formed directly above the first guide units 34 on the further ladder section 10. Furthermore, the third guide units 43 should exclusively guide the ladder element 17, preferably in cooperation with its ladder stiles 28. In the fully retracted state of the first ladder section 9, the ladder stiles 28 are arranged at a distance from the third guide units 43 and are therefore not guided thereon.

[0109] The fourth guide units 44 are also provided for the longitudinal guidance of the ladder element 17 with its stiles 28. They are arranged at a distance 45 from the third guide units 43 in the direction of the ladder base 14. In this exemplary embodiment, the distance 45 is selected such that, when the first ladder section 9 is fully retracted, each of the stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 is guided by the fourth guide units 44 located opposite one another in the transverse direction. This is particularly true in the section of the projection 42 of the stiles 28 beyond the hinge axis 27.

[0110] Fig. 7 shows another variant in which the second guide units 35 serve to guide the height of the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18 and also of the ladder element 17, thus supporting them. The width of the second guide units 35 is narrower in the transverse direction than the previously described second guide units 35. Viewed from above and with the first ladder section 9 fully retracted, the second guide units 35 are each arranged directly below the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18.

[0111] In order to also be able to support and guide the ladder element 17 with its ladder stiles 28 located outside in the transverse direction on the narrower second guide units 35, an additional elongated support element 46 is provided on each of the two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, each as an extension of the ladder stiles 30 of the pivot arm 18. The support elements 46 can be seen or considered as part of the ladder stiles 28 and extend from the area of ​​the pivot assembly 19 with its joint axis 27 in the direction of the ladder base 14. Thus, in this embodiment, the previously described support surfaces 39 are formed by the two support elements 46 and form the track on or at the second guide units 35. This variant with the support elements 46 can be provided, but requires the provision of additional components.

[0112] As already described above and also as can be seen from Fig. 4, the pivot arm 18, in particular its ladder stiles 30, is guided in the fully retracted position on the second guide units 35 of the guide arrangement 33. Due to the gravitational force acting on the first ladder section 9, the weight of the pivot arm 18 and also of the ladder element 17 in the region of the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it is transferred thereon, first by means of the second guide units 35 and subsequently also by means of the first guide units 34, and thus supported in a guided manner.

[0113] During the extension movement of the uppermost or first ladder section 9, the ladder element 17 with its ladder stiles 28 and / or the support elements 46 located thereon also moves towards the second guide units 35 and subsequently to the first guide units 34. In order to achieve a smoother approach of the ladder stiles 28 and / or the support elements 46 located thereon onto or at the guide units 34, 35, approach bevels 47 can be provided. These can also be referred to as ramp bevels. This is indicated in Fig. 8 in a partial view from the outside. Those approach bevels 47 which are moved towards the guide units 34, 35 are provided with the suffix "-1", i.e. 47-1.Further possible ramp bevels 47, namely ramp bevels 47-2, can be arranged or provided on the ladder stiles 28 in such a way that they come into guiding contact with the third guide units 43 and also the fourth guide units 44 and are guided thereon in the lateral direction or in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal extension of the ladder. The illustration of the guide units 43, 44 has been omitted in Fig. 8 for the sake of clarity.

[0114] Fig. 9 also shows that, to facilitate the upward movement of the ladder element 17 onto or against the first guide units 34 and / or onto or against the second guide units 35, these are pivotally mounted on the second ladder section 10 about a pivot axis 48 running parallel to the ladder rungs 26. The guide units 34 and / or 35 usually comprise several rotatably mounted wheels, disks, or rollers, which are not designated in more detail. These can also be referred to as individual guide elements. In order to raise the end of the guide units 34 and / or 35 facing the ladder head 15 in a predetermined manner with respect to the ladder section 10 and to lower the end facing the ladder base 14 in a predetermined manner towards the ladder section 10, at least one actuating element 49 can be provided. In the present exemplary embodiment, a spring element is shown as the actuating element 49, which automatically applies or builds up a compressive force.The adjusting element 49 is arranged on the side of the pivot axis 48 facing away from the ladder base 14. However, the adjusting element 49 could also generate a tensile force. In this case, the adjusting element 49 would have to be arranged on the side of the pivot axis 48 facing the ladder base 14.

[0115] Due to the forced inclination of the entire guide units 34 and / or 35, the conductor element 17 and / or its support element 46 comes into contact with the end of the respective guide unit 34 and / or 35 lowered in the direction of the second conductor section 10 during the extension movement indicated by an arrow. This can be further facilitated by providing the starting bevel 47-1. The support surface 39 is supported on the guide unit 34 and / or 35, which are subsequently aligned in an approximately parallel direction. Fig. 10 shows a simplified schematic illustration of one possible arrangement of a first guide unit 34 and a second guide unit 35 on the second conductor section 10, which are arranged one behind the other as seen in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the conductor.

[0116] In contrast to the previously described arrangement of the two guide units 34, 35 on the second ladder section 10, which is fixed and, if necessary, pivotable, at least one additional compensating element 50 is provided here, which forms a component of the guide arrangement 33. Preferably, one of the compensating elements 50 is provided on each side of the ladder. The compensating element(s) 50 extends in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder.

[0117] Both the first guide unit 34 and the guide unit 35 are arranged on each of the compensating elements 50. This is done separately for the ladder side—on the left and on the right. The at least one compensating element 50 is designed in the form of a rocker with lever arms projecting on both sides of the pivot axis. At each end facing away from each other or each end region of the respective compensating element 50, one of the two guide units 34 and 35 is also pivotably arranged thereon. It would also be possible to provide the adjusting element 49 described above in Fig. 9 for at least one of the guide units 34, 35.

[0118] Figure 11 shows one of the third and / or fourth guide units 43, 44 in more detail. The guide units 43 and / or 44 can also comprise a plurality of rotatably mounted wheels, discs, or rollers, which are not further designated. These can also be referred to as individual guide elements.

[0119] The mostly rotatable individual guide elements are mounted on a base element 51 forming a rocker. The base element 51 itself is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 52, wherein the pivot axis 52 has an approximately normal orientation with respect to the transverse extent of the ladder parts 9 to 13 with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder. Furthermore, it is possible for each of the base elements 51 to be displaced in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder by means of an eccentric arrangement. This allows the transverse guidance of the first ladder part 9, in particular of its ladder element 17, and its play to be adjusted. In order to be able to limit the pivoting path of the base element 51 about the pivot axis 52, a pivoting path limiting device 53 can be provided. In the present exemplary embodiment, a stop element 54 is provided, which projects into a recess 55 of the base element 51 and / or projects through it in an opening.Depending on the dimensional relationships of the stop element 54 and the recess 55 or recesses 55 to each other, the possible pivoting path of the base element 51 about the pivot axis 52 can be predetermined and fixed. The respective stop element 54 can be pin-shaped and protrude from the second or further ladder section 10. A two-section bearing or mounting of the stop element 54 can also be provided.

[0120] The relative adjustment movements of at least some of the ladder sections 9 to 13 to one another are usually carried out by means of one or more cables, at least some of which are each driven by at least one cable winch. This is generally considered to be known. For safety reasons, a redundant cable arrangement can be provided in the ladder set 8. This means that, for example, a separate cable arrangement can be provided in the area of ​​the left-hand ladder stiles and also the right-hand ladder stiles of the respective ladder set 8. In the area of ​​the lowest ladder section 13 here, the cable arrangement can also be arranged on its underside facing the chassis 2.

[0121] In Fig. 12, the ladder set 8 with its ladder sections 9 to 13 is greatly simplified and shown in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other for the sake of clarity. Furthermore, this position approximately corresponds to the retracted state of the ladder set 8. Only one of the previously described cable arrangements is shown and described, although a dual arrangement of the same can also be selected.

[0122] For better differentiation, the ropes have been depicted and labeled with different line shapes. In the area of ​​the ladder base 14, a cable winch 56 with its cable drum is shown in simplified form, but without the drive mechanism. An extension cable 57 – shown in a solid line, a retraction cable 58 – shown in a dashed line, and several coupling cables 59-1, 59-2, 59-3, and 59-4 – each shown in a dotted line – are shown and provided. Furthermore, deflection pulleys are provided, which are briefly described below.

[0123] The extension rope 57 and the retraction rope 58 are wound onto the rope drum of the rope winch 56 or unwound from the rope drum of the rope winch 56, depending on the adjustment direction of the ladder sections 9 to 13. The lowest ladder section 13 here is itself stationary as seen in the longitudinal direction of the ladder. If at least one of the ladder sections 9 to 12 is to be extended using the extension rope 57, a tensile force must be applied to the extension rope 57 by the rope winch 56, and it must thus be wound onto the rope drum. At the same time, however, the retraction rope 58 must be unwound from the rope drum of the rope winch 56. For this purpose, only one rope winch 56 can preferably be provided, although the arrangement of two rope winches 56, one for each of the ropes 57 and 58, would also be conceivable.

[0124] The extension cable 57 extends continuously from the cable winch 56 to the first or uppermost ladder section 9 and is further guided along each additional ladder section 10, 11, and 12 located between the first ladder section 9 and the lowest ladder section 13. For the sake of simplicity, all pulleys for the extension cable 57 are provided with the same reference symbol—namely, 60—plus an additional number.

[0125] The longitudinal course of the extension rope 57 can be designed, for example, as described below. The at least one first deflection pulley 60-1 is located in the region of the ladder head 15 of the lowermost or fifth ladder section 13. The extension rope 57 is deflected from the cable winch 56 at the at least one first deflection pulley 60-1 to the at least one second deflection pulley 60-2 of the fourth ladder section 12, located in the region of the ladder base 14, and from there further to at least one third deflection pulley 60-3, which is located or arranged in the region of the ladder head 15 of the same fourth ladder section 12. The extension cable 57 deflected on the at least one third deflection pulley 60-3 extends analogously further to at least one fourth deflection pulley 60-4 in the region of the ladder foot 14 of the third ladder part 11 here and further to at least one fifth deflection pulley 60-5 located in the region of the ladder head 15 of the same third ladder part 11.

[0126] The extension cable 57 deflected by the at least one fifth deflection pulley 60-5 extends further to at least one sixth deflection pulley 60-6 located in the region of the ladder base 14 of the second ladder section 10, here, and further to at least one seventh deflection pulley 60-7 located in the region of the ladder head 15-2 of the same second ladder section 10. The extension cable 57 is guided by the at least one seventh deflection pulley 60-7 with its extension cable end 61 to a fastening point 62 in the region of the ladder base 14 of the first or uppermost ladder section 9, here, and held in a fixed position thereon.

[0127] Dedicated deflection pulleys 63 can be provided for the retraction rope 58 on each of the ladder sections 10 to 13. A retraction rope end 64 of the retraction rope 58 can also be held in a fixed position at the attachment point 62. Preferably, the retraction rope 58 can be deflected on a respective pair of pulleys on deflection pulleys 63, wherein the at least one deflection pulley 63 or the pair of pulleys formed therefrom is located or arranged in the region of the ladder base 14 of one of the ladder sections 10 to 13.

[0128] In addition, a first deflection pulley 63-1 can be arranged on the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 here, which can be arranged at a distance from the cable winch 56 in the direction of the ladder head 15. The retraction rope 58 deflected on the at least one first deflection pulley 63-1 is guided back to the ladder base 14 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 here, and there guided and deflected past at least one second deflection pulley 63-2 or a pair of pulleys formed therefrom and further to the ladder base 14 of the fourth ladder section 12 here. Subsequently and analogously, the retraction rope 58 is guided to at least one third deflection pulley 63-3 or a pair of pulleys formed therefrom, to the ladder base 14 of the third ladder section 11 here, to the at least one fourth deflection pulley 63-4 located there or a pair of pulleys formed therefrom.From here, the retraction rope 58 is guided to at least a fifth deflection pulley 63-5 or a pair of pulleys formed therefrom in the region of the ladder base 14 of the second ladder part 10 here and is deflected therefrom to the fastening point 62.

[0129] In addition, the previously described coupling cables 59 can also be provided. The first coupling cable 59-1 is fastened or positioned on the one hand in the area of ​​the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 here, and on the other hand in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the third ladder section 11 here. Furthermore, the first coupling cable 59-1 is deflected on its own deflection pulley 65-1, which is arranged in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the fourth ladder section 12 here. The second coupling cable 59-2 is, for its part, also fastened or positioned on the one hand in the area of ​​the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 here, and on the other hand in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the third ladder section 11 here. The two attachment points of the first coupling cable 59-1 and the second coupling cable 59-2 can be congruent.However, the deflection takes place on a second deflection roller 65-2, which in turn is arranged in the area of ​​the conductor head 15 of the fourth conductor part 12 here.

[0130] The third coupling cable 59-3 is fastened or positioned on the one hand in the area of ​​the ladder head 15 of the fourth ladder section 12, here, and on the other hand in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the second ladder section 10, here. Furthermore, the third coupling cable 59-3 is deflected on its own deflection pulley 65-3, which is arranged in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the third ladder section 11, here. The fourth coupling cable 59-4, for its part, is also fastened or positioned on the one hand in the area of ​​the ladder head 15 of the fourth ladder section 12, here, and on the other hand in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the second ladder section 10, here. The two attachment points of the third coupling cable 59-3 and the fourth coupling cable 59-4 can also be selected to be congruent. However, the deflection takes place on a fourth deflection roller 65-4, which in turn is arranged in the area of ​​the conductor head 15 of the third conductor part 11 here.

[0131] Figures 13 and 14 show a simplified schematic representation of a possible combined and space-saving arrangement of a previously described deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 and a deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58. This arrangement can also be referred to as a double-pulley arrangement. In Figure 14, the extension cable 57 and the retraction cable 58 are not shown.

[0132] For this purpose, a deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 and a deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58 are mounted, viewed axially, directly adjacent to one another on an identical or common bearing pin 66, so as to rotate independently of one another. The bearing pin 66 can, for example, be designed as a hollow body and thus tubular.

[0133] As can be better seen from Fig. 14, the deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 and the deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58 have a different pulley diameter and thus outer diameter than one another. For example, the deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 can have a larger pulley diameter than the deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58. This makes it possible to arrange the two deflection pulleys 60 and 63 partially nested in the axial direction in order to minimize the distance between the cable plane defined by the extension cable 57 and the cable plane defined by the retraction cable 58. For better stability, the deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 and the deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58 can be accommodated in a type of support cage and thus form a two-shear holder for the bearing pin 66.

[0134] Fig. 15 shows a cooperating pair of deflection pulleys 60 for the extension cable 57, in which a roughly parallel cable path can be achieved in the area of ​​the ladder sections 9 to 13, but with a small distance to the respective pulley diameter. Furthermore, the respective cable - in the present embodiment, the extension cable 57 - can be deflected with a sufficiently large cable bending radius on the respective deflection pulley 60 of the cooperating pair of pulleys. The first deflection pulley 60, which is arranged closer to the ladder head 15 on the respective ladder section 9 to 13 and deflects the extension cable 57 completely in the opposite direction, is wrapped by the extension cable 57 at an angle greater than 180°.By providing the second deflection pulley 60, which is immediately adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the rope, the two rope strands of the same extension rope 57 are arranged closer to each other and are thus guided within the ladder set 8 after the deflection.

[0135] Furthermore, the first and second deflection pulleys 60 of the interacting pulley pair preferably have the same pulley diameter, which preferably corresponds to the minimum pulley diameter for the respective rope diameter. The smaller the axial offset 67 in the rope plane or the pulley plane between the first and second deflection pulleys 60 of the interacting pulley pair, the closer the two rope strands of the extension rope 57 are guided to each other after the deflection. This results in less space being required within the respective ladder section 9 to 13. Without the provision of the second deflection pulley 60 here, the two rope strands would be guided at a distance from each other corresponding to the pulley diameter of the first deflection pulley 60 here. It should be mentioned that the retraction rope 58 can also be deflected on deflection pulleys 63 that interact and form a pulley pair, analogously to what was previously described for the extension rope 57.This also allows for a space-saving, side-by-side arrangement of deflected cable strands of the retraction cable 58. A separate illustration has therefore been omitted.

[0136] In the case of ladder set 8, various cables must also be routed from the ladder base 14 to the ladder head 15-1 and, if necessary, also to the personnel access device 16. Cables are understood to be, for example, a hydraulic line, signal line, energy supply line - such as a power line. The respective cable routing takes place in the entire ladder set 8, starting from the lowest ladder section 13 here, namely the lower ladder, to the ladder tip or ladder head 15-1, the uppermost or first ladder section 9 here. This presents a particular challenge when the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 are extended individually. In order to avoid damage and / or undefined sagging of cables, a minimum pre-tension force in the form of a tensile force must always be applied to the respective cable.

[0137] In Figs. 16 to 20, the lifting unit 7 is shown as a possible embodiment in a highly simplified form as a ladder set 8 with its ladder sections 9 to 13 in various operating positions of the ladder sections 9 to 13 relative to one another, as well as at least one first line 68 leading from the lowest or, in this case, fifth ladder section 13 to the first or uppermost ladder section 9. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the same reference numerals as in Figs. 1 to 15 are used for the same components. Furthermore, reference is made to the disclosure contained in Figs. 1 to 15.

[0138] The following exemplary embodiments in Figs. 16 to 25 each show a component of the lifting unit 7, which component is generally referred to below as the boom arm 82. The boom arm 82 in turn comprises a plurality of boom arm components generally referred to as boom arm parts 83 to 87. The boom arm 82 or its boom arm parts 83 to 87 each define a boom arm base 88 and a boom arm head 89 arranged at a distance therefrom - analogous to the ladder base 14 and ladder head 15 in the ladder parts 9 to 13. The boom arm 82 can, for example, be designed as a ladder set 8 comprising a plurality of ladder parts 9 to 13, which each form or define the boom arm parts 83 to 87. The reference numerals for the boom arm parts 83 to 87 are entered upstream of the respective ladder parts 9 to 13 - see, for example, Figs. 16 to 18 and 21.The same applies to the reference numerals relating to the boom arm base 88 and the boom arm head 89, which are entered in front of the reference numeral 14 for the ladder base and the reference numeral 15 for the ladder head.

[0139] Independently of this, however, it would also be possible to design the boom arm 82 as a so-called telescopic mast 90. The telescopic mast 90 can, in turn, comprise several telescopic mast sections 91 to 95, as is illustrated and described in simplified form in the following Fig. 22. In this embodiment, the telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 form or define the boom arm sections 83 to 87.

[0140] Basically, a change in the length of the boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83 to 87 occurs by means of a relative displacement of individual boom arm sections 83 to 87 in the direction of their longitudinal extension, as is generally known. The adjustment movement can take the form of a single extension or a synchronous extension. This generally depends on the total number of boom arm sections 83 to 87, which can be designed either as ladder sections 9 to 13 or as telescopic mast sections 91 to 95.

[0141] The ladder set 8 shown in Figs. 16 to 18 represents a separate category and embodiment for forming the boom arm 82 of the lifting unit 7. This also applies to the boom arm 82 designed as a telescopic mast 90 according to Fig. 22.

[0142] The following description of Figs. 16 to 19 shows the cantilever arm 82 designed as a ladder set 8, in which the cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 are designed as ladder parts 9 to 13.

[0143] It should be noted that the number of ladder parts 9 to 13 or telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 arranged one above the other and forming the boom arm parts 83 to 87 was chosen only as an example, whereby the boom arm part facing away from the chassis 2 (outermost ladder part or innermost telescopic mast part) is always referred to as the first or uppermost boom arm part (outermost ladder part or innermost telescopic mast part) - here provided with the reference number 83.

[0144] The boom arm part (innermost ladder part or outermost telescopic mast part) located closer to the chassis 2 is designated as the last or lowest boom arm part (innermost ladder part or outermost telescopic mast part) - here provided with the reference numeral 87. In the present exemplary embodiment, a total of five boom arm parts 83 to 87 are provided, which are formed by the ladder parts 9 to 13, and each of the boom arm parts (ladder parts or telescopic mast parts) is designated with a numerator, such as second, third, fourth, or fifth boom arm part or ladder part, starting from the first or uppermost boom arm part 83, namely the ladder part 9. Starting from the lowest and here fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, the further boom arm parts 86 to 83 or the ladder parts 12 to 9 are always arranged one above the other and boom arm parts 83 to 87 or ladder parts 9 to 13 arranged directly adjacent to one another are guided to one another.

[0145] The telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 are preferably tubular and arranged to engage one another and, if necessary, to be guided to one another. The boom arm section with the largest external dimension—here, the boom arm section with reference number 87—is arranged or held in a known manner by means of a mount on the chassis 2 or the supporting frame of the emergency or rescue vehicle 1.

[0146] It would also be possible to choose a different number of boom arm sections located between the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 or the ladder section 9 / telescopic mast section 91 and the lowermost boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13 / telescopic mast section 95, respectively, than in the illustrated embodiments. For example, only one additional boom arm section or ladder section / telescopic mast section could be provided, or two additional boom arm sections or ladder sections / telescopic mast sections could be provided in between.

[0147] Irrespective of this, more than the three additional or further boom arm parts or ladder parts / telescopic mast parts shown here could also be provided, such as four, five, six or even more further boom arm parts or ladder parts / telescopic mast parts. At least one further boom arm part or ladder part / telescopic mast part must be provided between the uppermost or first boom arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 / telescopic mast part 91 and the lowermost boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 / telescopic mast part 95. The embodiment according to Figs. 16 to 18 shows three further boom arm parts or ladder parts between the uppermost or first and the lowermost or last boom arm part or ladder part.

[0148] As already described above, the total number of boom arm parts can be at least three, but also four, five, six, seven, eight or even more.

[0149] Furthermore, either a separate second line 69 or an auxiliary cable 70 can be provided, which second line 69 or which auxiliary cable 70 interacts with the first line 68 and forms a counter-tension element.

[0150] Furthermore, in the area of ​​the lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, a first tensioning device 71 is arranged or provided, by means of which the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can always be held pre-tensioned within the ladder set 8 with a minimum tensile force. The first tensioning device 71 in turn comprises a cooperating pair of rollers with a first tensioning roller 72, a second tensioning roller 73 and a longitudinal guide arrangement 74 for the cooperating pair of rollers. Details can best be seen in Figs. 19 and 20. In Fig. 19, the lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 is shown as the ladder part 13. The first tensioning device 71 can also be used analogously with the boom arm 82 designed as a telescopic mast 90 according to Fig. 22.

[0151] It should be noted that in the embodiments according to Figs. 16 to 18 and 21, the first clamping device 71 is arranged on the lowest or fifth boom arm part 87, whereby the first clamping device 71 can also be arranged on one of the further boom arm parts 83, 84, 85 or 86. Furthermore, it should be mentioned that in addition to the first clamping device 71, at least one second clamping device 71-1 can also be arranged on one of the boom arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, on which no first clamping device 71 is arranged or provided. One possible embodiment of this is shown and described in Fig. 25. The at least one second clamping device 71-1 can basically be designed identically to the first clamping device 71. Therefore, the at least one second clamping device 71 is designated by the same reference numeral, but with the suffix "-1".

[0152] The two cooperating tension rollers 72 and 73 are guided in the direction of the longitudinal conductor extension by means of the longitudinal guide arrangement 74. The longitudinal guide arrangement 74 can, for example, be formed by two guide rails 75 arranged opposite one another and spaced apart from one another, wherein these can preferably each have a U-shaped or C-shaped cross-section. The two tension rollers 72 and 73, which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal conductor extension, are guided in a freely adjustable manner on their opposite sides in the respective longitudinal channels facing one another. Each of the tension rollers 72 and 73 is partially received in the respective longitudinal channel and, as it rotates about its respective roller axis along the respective guide rails 75, is guided directly therein for longitudinal adjustment.The direct and immediate arrangement of the tension rollers 72 and 73 in the respective guide rail 75 eliminates the need for additional guide components. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the tension rollers 72, 73 are made of a plastic material in order to achieve favorable rolling and / or sliding properties between the guide rails 75 and the tension rollers 72, 73. This can also reduce or significantly lower noise. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), for example, can be used as a plastic material, although other plastic materials may also be used.

[0153] A possible advantage of the cable routing in the area of ​​the tensioning device 71 may be that the respective cable 68, 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can be laid due to gravity in the lower guide rails 75, which are thus arranged closer to the chassis 2, and is thus protected from sagging.

[0154] The two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 are each freely rotatably mounted on a tensioning frame 76, wherein the tensioning frame 76 can comprise first and second tensioning frame elements 96, 97 that are pretensioned against and towards one another. The two tensioning frame elements 96, 97 can be of identical design, whereby identical parts can be created. Preferably, the two tensioning frame elements 96, 97 are held against one another and are usually arranged opposite one another. To apply the pretensioning force and the associated pretensioning effect of the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 towards one another, at least one tensioning element 77 can additionally be provided between the two tensioning frame elements 96, 97. A corresponding mutual adjustment option relative to one another must also be provided in this case. Depending on the design and arrangement of the tensioning frame elements orThe at least one tensioning element 77 can generate a compressive force or a tensile force between the two tensioning frame elements or exert it on them. The generated forces are indicated by an arrow, each originating from the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73.

[0155] The at least one tensioning element 77 can also serve or be designated as a damping element in order to dampen the sudden impact of tensile forces on the respective cable 68, 69 and / or the auxiliary cable 70 and thus minimize or even prevent possible damage. Furthermore, it could also compensate for length changes within certain limits.

[0156] It should be noted that a multiple arrangement of the first cable 68, the second cable 69, or the auxiliary cable 70, together with the tensioning device 71 and the respective deflection pulleys, is also possible. For example, if the cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 are designed as ladder parts 9 to 13, it would be possible to arrange them on either side of the ladder rungs.

[0157] In the fully retracted or retracted position or operating state of the ladder set 8 forming the boom arm 82 shown in Fig. 16, the pair of tensioning rollers formed by the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 is shown in solid lines in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the here lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, as well as along the longitudinal guide arrangement 74, freely and automatically adjustable. The position of the tensioning rollers 72 and 73 shown in Fig. 17 is indicated here by dots. The longitudinal guide arrangement 74 extends from the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the here lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 in the direction of its boom arm base 88 or ladder base 14.

[0158] In this embodiment shown, the first line 68 can be held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 and can subsequently be guided on the first tensioning roller 72 towards the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the fourth boom arm part 86 or the ladder part 12 here and to at least one first deflection roller 78-1 located there.

[0159] Typically, the first cable 68 is routed from the boom arm base 88 or the conductor base 14 to the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the conductor head 15, where it is preferably held in a fixed position. The deflection occurs in a first direction. The further course of the first line 68 after its deflection at the first deflection roller 78-1 extends to a second deflection roller 78-2 in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or the conductor base 14 of the third boom arm part 85 or the conductor part 11, further to a third deflection roller 78-3 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the conductor head 15-2 of the second boom arm part 84 or the conductor part 10 and finally to the boom arm base 88 or the conductor base 14 of the uppermost or first boom arm part 83 or the conductor part 9. A second or upper line section of the first line 68 can in turn be attached to the first or uppermost boom arm part 83 orThe conductor section 9 must be held in a fixed position in the area of ​​its cantilever arm base 88 or ladder base 14. A continuation of the first cable 68 to the cantilever arm head 89 or the ladder head 15-1 is usually and preferably also provided.

[0160] In all embodiments, the first line 68 and the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are guided in a converging direction to the tensioning device 71 with its tensioning pulleys 72, 73 and are deflected at the respective tensioning pulley 72, 73. The deflection occurs in a direction or side facing away from each other.

[0161] The line run of the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 usually also begins in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14 of the lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, whereby a first or lower line section can also be held in a fixed position on the lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13. The second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 is deflected at the second tensioning pulley 73 and then guided to at least one first deflection pulley 79-1 located in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14. The deflection pulleys 79 for the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 can also be designated with the suffix such as further, additional or the like to better distinguish them from the deflection pulleys 78 for the first line 68.

[0162] The further line course of the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 after its deflection at the first deflection pulley 79-1 extends to a second deflection pulley 79-2 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or ladder head 15 of the here third boom arm part 85 or the ladder part 11, further to a third deflection pulley 79-3 in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or ladder base 14 of the second boom arm part 84 or the ladder part 10 and finally into the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or ladder base 14 of the here uppermost or first boom arm part 83 or the ladder part 9. A second or upper line section of the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 can in turn be attached to the first or uppermost boom arm part 83 or ladder part 9 in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88 or the conductor base 14 must be held in a fixed position. A continuation of the second cable 69 to the boom arm head 89 orthe conductor head 15-1 is usually and preferably still provided.

[0163] Fig. 17 shows the operating position in which the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 or the ladder section 9 is fully extended, and the other boom arm sections 84 to 87 or the ladder sections 10 to 13 each remain in their fully retracted initial position. The interaction of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 with the first line 68 exerts a tensile force in the area of ​​the first tensioning device 71. This allows sagging and thus a tensioning force to be exerted on the respective line 68, 69 or the auxiliary cable 70. The same applies to an opposite adjustment movement of the boom arm sections 83 to 87.

[0164] The boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14 of the first or uppermost boom arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 has been displaced in the direction of its boom arm head 89 or its ladder head 15-2, except for a remaining overlap with the second boom arm part 84 or ladder part 10 located directly below. A relative maximum first adjustment path 80 of the first or uppermost boom arm part 83 or the ladder part 9, starting from the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14 of the second boom arm part 84 or the ladder part 10, is shown with a dimensional arrow. As a result of this relative displacement or adjustment path, the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are also displaced accordingly relative to one another and relative to the other boom arm parts 84 to 87 or the ladder parts 10 to 13.The two associated tensioning pulleys 72 and 73 are also displaced together in the longitudinal guide arrangement 74, starting from the initial position shown in Fig. 16, in the direction of the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14. This occurs automatically due to the mutual pretension and the interaction of the first cable 68 with the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70. The extent of the relative displacement of the two tensioning pulleys 72 and 73 in the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 corresponds to half the value of the adjustment path 80 of the first or uppermost ladder section 9. This second adjustment path 81 is entered and illustrated with an additional dimension arrow. The second adjustment path 81 corresponds to half the value even with a shorter first adjustment path 80.

[0165] If the further second, third and fourth boom arm parts 84 to 86 or the ladder parts 10 to 12, which are present between the first or uppermost boom arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 and the lowest or fifth boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, are also moved into their fully extended positions, this operating position of the ladder set 8 forming the boom arm 82 is shown in Fig. 18. The two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 are automatically adjusted back to their starting position closer to the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 due to the mutual interaction of the first line 68 with the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70. The starting position of the two tensioning rollers 72, 73 of the tensioning device 71 or71-1 must be located in the overlap area of ​​the boom arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 so that the clamping system also functions when the last of the boom arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is extended.

[0166] Furthermore, it can also be seen that the starting position of the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 is located or arranged within the overlap area with the fourth cantilever arm part 86 or the ladder part 12. Furthermore, it should also be mentioned that the uppermost or first cantilever arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 can be designed as previously shown and described in Figs. 1 to 11. Thus, the ladder element 17 with the pivot arm 18 pivotally mounted thereon can form the first cantilever arm part 83 or the ladder part 9. However, it would also be possible to design the first cantilever arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 as a continuous structure and thus without the pivot arm 18.

[0167] For the sake of clarity, only the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 of the roller pair forming a tensioning carriage are shown in Figs. 16 to 18, and the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 is omitted. Furthermore, it is possible to provide one of the previously described cable guides on each of the ladder sides, namely on the left and right sides of the ladder as viewed in the ascent direction. This allows for a multiple arrangement of supply lines and / or control lines.

[0168] In Fig. 21, the cantilever arm 82, designed as a ladder set 8 in Figs. 16 to 18, is shown in an embodiment with a smaller number of cantilever arm parts, namely the uppermost or first cantilever arm part 83, the lowermost or last cantilever arm part 87, and only one further cantilever arm part 86 located between these two cantilever arm parts 83 and 87. Only the fully retracted position of the ladder parts 9, 12, and 13, which here form the cantilever arm parts 83, 86, and 87, is shown here.

[0169] The relative adjustment or displacement movements are carried out analogously to the previously described embodiment in Figs. 16 to 20.

[0170] To avoid unnecessary repetition, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in Figs. 1 to 20. Furthermore, reference is made to the disclosure contained in Figs. 1 to 20. Here, too, the first tensioning device 71 is arranged on the lowest or last boom arm part 87 or the ladder part 13. At the first tensioning device 71, the first line 68 and the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are deflected in the opposite side or direction, each separately to the two first deflection pulleys 78-1 and 79-1.

[0171] After being deflected or diverted at the first deflection pulley 78-1, the first cable 68 is routed directly to the ladder base 14 or the boom arm base 88 of the uppermost or first ladder section 9 or the uppermost or first boom arm section 83. After being deflected or diverted at the first deflection pulley 79-1, the second cable 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 is also routed directly to the ladder base 14 or the boom arm base 88 of the uppermost or first ladder section 9 or the uppermost or first boom arm section 83.

[0172] The first clamping device 71 is preferably designed and arranged analogously to that previously described in detail in Figs. 16 to 20. This also applies to the first and second adjustment paths 80 and 81.

[0173] Fig. 22 shows another possible embodiment of the boom arm 82, although, in contrast to the embodiment shown in Figs. 16 to 19 and 21, it is designed as a telescopic mast 90 comprising a plurality of telescopic mast sections 91 to 95. The telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 basically correspond to the previously described ladder sections 9 to 13 and are also displaceable relative to one another in the direction of their longitudinal extension—namely, they are also telescopic.

[0174] The telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 form or define the boom arm parts 83 to 87 of the boom arm 82 and each define the boom arm base 88 and the boom arm head 89 arranged at a distance therefrom. In this design, each of the boom arm bases 88 can also be referred to as a telescopic mast base and each of the boom arm heads 89 can also be referred to as a telescopic mast head.

[0175] Starting from the first or uppermost telescopic mast section 91, the telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 are also designated with a numerator, such as second, third, fourth, or fifth telescopic mast section. Starting from the lowest and, in this case, fifth telescopic mast section 95, the further telescopic mast sections 94 to 91 are always arranged within one another, and immediately adjacent telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 are guided together.

[0176] To avoid unnecessary repetition, the same reference numerals are used for identical components as in Figs. 1 to 21. Furthermore, reference is made to the disclosure contained in Figs. 1 to 21. The relative adjustment or displacement movements of the telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 occur analogously to the previously described embodiments with their ladder parts 9 to 13 in Figs. 16 to 20 and 21.

[0177] The first clamping device 71 is preferably designed and arranged analogously to that previously described in detail in Figs. 16 to 20. This also applies to the first and second adjustment paths 80 and 81.

[0178] It is also possible and conceivable that the number of telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 can vary, as has also been previously described in Figs. 16 to 21 for the boom arm parts 83 to 87 designed as ladder parts 9 to 13. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a total of five telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 are provided, whereby here too the number of these can vary, as has already been previously described for the boom arm parts 83 to 87 designed as ladder parts 9 to 13.

[0179] Fig. 23 shows a further and possibly independent embodiment of the lifting unit 7, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the previous Figs. 1 to 22. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous Figs. 1 to 22. The boom arm 82 with its boom arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is shown only in a highly simplified and stylized manner in its fully retracted position.

[0180] The boom arm 82 can be designed as a ladder set 8 with several ladder sections 9 to 13, as previously described in Figs. 16 to 18 and 21. However, it would also be possible to design the boom arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90 with several telescopic mast sections 91 to 95, as described in Fig. 22. For the sake of simplicity and better clarity, only the reference numerals for the boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 are used, and this can be applied analogously to the ladder set 8 or the telescopic mast 90.

[0181] The cantilever arm 82 is designed here with a smaller number of cantilever arm parts compared to Figs. 16 to 18, namely the uppermost or first cantilever arm part 83, the lowermost or last cantilever arm part 87, and only one further cantilever arm part 86 located between these two cantilever arm parts 83 and 87. However, it would also be possible to provide several further cantilever arm parts between the uppermost or first cantilever arm part 83 and the lowermost or last cantilever arm part 87.

[0182] In contrast to the embodiment shown in Fig. 21, the first clamping device 71 here is arranged on the penultimate boom arm part - here provided with the reference number 86 - located between the uppermost or first boom arm part 83 and the lowermost or last boom arm part 87.

[0183] The first line 68 is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section at the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 - preferably in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89. A line connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually provided. The line of the first line 68 runs from the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the lowest or last boom arm part 87 here to the first deflection pulley 78-1 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the next boom arm part 86 arranged immediately below and is deflected thereto to the first tensioning pulley 72 of the first tensioning device 71. After being deflected at the first tensioning pulley 72, the first line 68 is guided to the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. This is particularly true in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89. The second or upper line section of the first line 68 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83.

[0184] In this exemplary embodiment, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section at the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 - likewise in the region of its boom arm head 89. A line connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually provided. The line path of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 from the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the lowest or last boom arm part 87 runs to the first deflection pulley 79-1 in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 of the immediately subsequent boom arm part 86 and is deflected thereto to the second tensioning pulley 73 of the first tensioning device 71. After being deflected at the second tensioning pulley 73, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided to the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. This is particularly true in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88.The second or upper cable section of the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83. A further subsequent cable routing to the boom arm head 89 is usually also required.

[0185] In this embodiment, the first clamping device 71 is not arranged on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 and not on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83.

[0186] Fig. 24 shows a further and possibly independent embodiment of the lifting unit 7, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the previous Figs. 1 to 23. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous Figs. 1 to 23. The boom arm 82 with its boom arm parts 83, 85, 86 and 87 is shown only in a highly simplified and stylized manner in its fully retracted position.

[0187] The boom arm 82 can be designed as a ladder set 8, as previously described in Figs. 16 to 18 and 21. However, it would also be possible to design the boom arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90, as described in Fig. 22. For the sake of simplicity and better clarity, only the reference numerals for the boom arm 82 with its boom arm parts 83, 85, 86, 87 are used.

[0188] The cantilever arm 82 is configured here with a smaller number of cantilever arm sections than in Figs. 16 to 18, namely the uppermost or first cantilever arm section 83, the lowermost or last cantilever arm section 87, and two additional cantilever arm sections 85 and 86 located between these two cantilever arm sections 83 and 87 – thus, a total of four cantilever arm sections. The extension or adjustment movements here occur in the form of a synchronous extension of the cantilever arm sections 83, 85, 86, and 87 relative to one another.

[0189] The first tensioning device 71 is again arranged on the lowest or last boom arm section 87. Furthermore, it is also provided that the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are or will be held in a fixed position on the second-to-last of the boom arm sections—here, the boom arm section 86—between the respective line runs toward the uppermost or first boom arm section 83. The respective fixed brackets or fastening points are indicated by a solid circle or a larger dot.

[0190] The first line 68 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section at the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 - this is in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89 and is shown as a solid line. A line connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually provided. The line path of the first line 68 from the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the lowest or last boom arm part 87 runs to the first tensioning roller 72 of the first tensioning device 71 and is deflected thereto towards the second to last or fourth of the boom arm parts 86. This is particularly in the direction of its boom arm head 89. This is where the previously described fixed mounting or fastening takes place.

[0191] The further course of the first line 68, starting from its mounting or fastening point, runs to the first deflection pulley 78-1 in the region of the boom arm head 89 of the immediately following further or next boom arm section 85 - here the second boom arm section. After the deflection at the first deflection pulley 78-1, the first line 68 is guided to the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 and held in a fixed position there with its second or upper line section at the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83. This is particularly in the region of its boom arm base 88. A further subsequent line routing to the boom arm head 89 is usually still to be provided.

[0192] In this exemplary embodiment, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 - here preferably in the region of its boom arm base 88 - and is shown as a dashed line. The line path of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 extends to the second tensioning pulley 73 of the first tensioning device 71 and is deflected thereto towards the second-to-last or, in this case, fourth of the boom arm parts 86. This is particularly in the direction of its boom arm base 88. This is where the previously described first stationary holder or fastening takes place. The second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is further guided from the boom arm base 88 to a second stationary holder in the region of the boom arm head 89 of the second-to-last or, in this case, fourth of the boom arm parts 86.

[0193] The further course of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70, starting from its holding or fastening point on the penultimate or, in this case, fourth, of the boom arm parts 86, runs to the first deflection pulley 79-1 in the region of the boom arm base 88 of the immediately subsequent further or next boom arm part 85 - in this case, the second boom arm part. After the deflection at the first deflection pulley 79-1, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided towards the uppermost or first boom arm part 83 and held in a stationary position there with its second or upper line section at the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. This is particularly also in the region of its boom arm base 88. A further subsequent line routing towards the boom arm head 89 is usually still to be provided.

[0194] Fig. 25 shows a further and possibly independent embodiment of the lifting unit 7, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations as in the previous Figs. 1 to 24 are used for the same parts. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous Figs. 1 to 24. The boom arm 82 with its boom arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is only shown in a highly simplified and stylized manner. In this illustration, the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83 is shown in its fully extended position at maximum stroke and the other boom arm parts 84, 85, 86 and 87 are shown in an intermediate position at approximately half the stroke.

[0195] The boom arm 82 can be designed as a ladder set 8 with several ladder sections 9 to 13, as previously described in Figs. 16 to 18 and 21. However, it would also be possible to design the boom arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90 with several telescopic mast sections 91 to 95, as described in Fig. 22. For the sake of simplicity and better clarity, only the reference numerals for the boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 are used, and this can be applied analogously to the ladder set 8 or the telescopic mast 90. Analogous to the embodiment according to Figs. 16 to 18, the cantilever arm 82 comprises a total of five cantilever arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86 and 87. In addition to the previously described first clamping device 71, at least one additional further or second clamping device 71-1 is provided here.For the sake of better clarity, the two clamping devices 71 and 71-1 are shown in an arrangement between the separator arm parts 83 and 84 as well as 86 and 87, which are shown at a distance from one another.

[0196] The respective stationary brackets or fastening points are also indicated here with a filled full circle or a larger dot.

[0197] The first tensioning device 71 is arranged here on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87, in particular in the region of its boom arm head 89 and displaceable in the direction of the boom arm base 88. Furthermore, the previously described first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are also provided, which preferably extend continuously from the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 to the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83.

[0198] The at least one additional or second tensioning device 71-1 is arranged on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. By providing two tensioning devices 71, 71-1 in this exemplary embodiment, predetermined line sections of the first line 68 and also of the second line 69 or of the auxiliary cable 70 can be laid in a fixed manner on the respective boom arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, namely the second boom arm part 84 and the fourth boom arm part 86. This is a line section of the first line 68 which is fixedly laid on the second boom arm part 84 and runs between the boom arm base 88 and the boom arm head 89.

[0199] The second cable 69, with its cable section, or the auxiliary cable 70, with its cable section, is arranged here on the fourth boom arm section 86, between the boom arm base 88 and the boom arm head 89. This is done between two fixed fastening points or brackets.

[0200] The respective line route is briefly described below. The first

[0201] Line 68 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section at the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87 – in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89 and further to the first tensioning roller 72 of the first tensioning device 71, where it is deflected. A line connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually provided and is indicated by a line. After being deflected at the first tensioning roller 72, the first line 68 runs to the penultimate or fourth boom arm section 86, preferably to its boom arm head 89, where it is held or fastened in a fixed position. Starting from this fastening point, the first line 68 runs to the first deflection roller 78-1, which is arranged in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the third boom arm part 85 here, and after its deflection is guided to the boom arm base 88 of the fourth boom arm part 84. There, a further fixedly positioned holder orFastening in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88. The first line 68 is laid in a fixed manner from the boom arm base 88 of the fourth boom arm part 84 to its boom arm head 89 and is also held or fastened in a fixed position here. Starting from this fixed fastening point, the first line 68 is guided further to the first tensioning roller 72-1 of the further or second tensioning device 71-1 and is deflected there in the direction of the boom arm head 89 of the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. The second or upper line section of the first line 68 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. A line connection to its boom arm head 89 is usually still to be provided, which is only indicated.

[0202] In this exemplary embodiment, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section at the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87. This can be done, for example, in the region of the end region of the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 facing the boom arm base 88, in particular from its guide rails 75. Starting from this fastening point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided to the second tensioning pulley 73 and is deflected thereto to the boom arm base 88 of the here penultimate or fourth boom arm part 86 and is also held in a stationary position in the region of its boom arm base 88. The further line of the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 extends to the boom arm head 89 of the penultimate or fourth boom arm part 86 with a fixed line section, wherein in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 a stationary and positioned holder orFastening is provided. Starting from this fastening point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 runs to the first deflection pulley 79-1, which is arranged in the region of the boom arm base 88 of the third boom arm part 85 here, and after its deflection is guided towards the boom arm base 88 of the fourth boom arm part 84. Starting from this fixed fastening point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided further to the second tensioning pulley 73-1 of the further or second tensioning device 71-1 and is deflected therein in the direction of the boom arm base 88 of the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. The second or upper line section of the second line 69 or of the auxiliary rope 70 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83, in particular in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88. A line connection to its boom arm head 89 is usually still to be provided, which is only indicated.If the auxiliary cable 70 is provided instead of the second cable 69, it can end in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88.

[0203] The embodiments show possible embodiments, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but rather various combinations of the individual embodiments with each other are also possible and this possibility of variation lies within the skill of the person skilled in the art in this technical field due to the teaching of technical action by means of the objective invention.

[0204] The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings must be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the various embodiments shown and described may represent independent inventive solutions. The problem underlying these independent inventive solutions can be derived from the description.

[0205] All information on value ranges in this description is to be understood as including any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood as including all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit of 1 and the upper limit of 10, ie all sub-ranges begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10. For the sake of clarity, it should be pointed out that in order to improve understanding of the structure, some elements have been shown out of scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

[0206] Reference symbol list

[0207] Emergency or rescue vehicle 30 Ladder frame chassis 31 Width

[0208] Front wheel pair 32 Clear width of rear wheel pair 33 Guide arrangement of vehicle body 34 First guide unit of driver's cab 35 Second guide unit of lifting unit 36 ​​Ladder section end area of ​​ladder replacement 37 Transverse distance of ladder section 38 Distance of ladder section 39 Support surface of ladder section 40 Support surface of ladder section 41 Clearance length of ladder section 42 Overhang of ladder base 43 Third guide unit of ladder head 44 Fourth guide unit

[0209] Personnel handling equipment 45 Distance between ladder element 46 Support element swivel arm 47 Starting bevel

[0210] Pivot arrangement 48 Pivot axis bogie 49 Actuator energy source 50 Compensation element range extender 51 Base element electric motor 52 Pivot axis free space 53 Pivot path limiting device ladder rung 54 Stop element hinged axis 55 Recess ladder stile 56 Cable winch free space 57 Extension rope retraction rope 91 Telescopic mast section coupling rope 92 Telescopic mast section deflection pulley 93 Telescopic mast section extension rope end 94 Telescopic mast section fastening point 95 Telescopic mast section deflection pulley 96 First tensioning rail element retraction rope end 97 Second tensioning frame element deflection pulley bearing pin axis offset first line second line auxiliary rope tensioning device first tensioning pulley second tensioning pulley

[0211] Longitudinal guide arrangement Guide rail Clamping frame Clamping element Deflection pulley Deflection pulley First adjustment path Second adjustment path Boom arm Boom arm part Boom arm part Boom arm part Boom arm part Boom arm part Boom arm foot Boom arm head Telescopic mast

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1. Extendable ladder set (8), in particular a fire ladder for an emergency or rescue vehicle (1), comprising several ladder sections (9 to 13), each formed from ladder stiles (25, 28, 30) and ladder rungs (26) extending between the ladder stiles (25, 28, 30), each defining a ladder foot (14) and a ladder head (15, 15-1, 15-2) spaced apart therefrom, wherein the uppermost ladder section (9) comprises a ladder element (17) and a swivel arm (18) which are articulated to one another by means of a swivel arrangement (19) and a pivot axis (27) defined by the swivel arrangement (19) is oriented substantially parallel to the ladder rungs (26), wherein the ladder stiles (28) of the ladder element (17) extend from the pivot axis (27) by a projection (42) over the pivot axis (27) in the direction of the ladder head (15) extend beyond and at least partially overlap with the swivel arm (18),and wherein, in the area of ​​the overhang (42) between the ladder stiles (28) of the ladder element (17), a clearance (29) is defined in the transverse direction, wherein, in the position of the uppermost ladder part (9) being fully retracted into the immediately below ladder part (10), the ladder element (17) and the at least one pivot arm (18) overlap with the immediately below ladder part (10), and a guide arrangement (33), which guide arrangement (33) is arranged at least on the immediately below ladder part (10) at least in the area of ​​the ladder head (15) and the uppermost ladder part (9) is guided on or by the guide arrangement (33), characterized in that the guide arrangement (33), viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, comprises first guide units (34) and second guide units (35) opposing each other,that the first guide units (34) are arranged at a ladder section end area (36) of the ladder section immediately below (10) facing away from the ladder base (14), that the second guide units (35) are arranged spaced apart from the first guide units (34) by a distance (38) in the direction of the ladder base (14), and, that the distances (38) between the first guide units (34) and the second guide units (35) correspond at most to the projection (42) of the ladder stiles (28) of the ladder element (17) over the joint axis (27).

2. Ladder set (8) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ladder stiles (30) of the swivel arm (18) are each arranged in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder within the ladder stiles (28) of the ladder element (17).

3. Ladder set (8) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ladder stiles (30) of the swivel arm (18) and the ladder stiles (28) of the ladder element (17) in their extended orientation towards each other have support surfaces (39, 40) on their sides facing the first guide units (34) and the second guide units (35) that are aligned in a plane relative to each other.

4. Conductor set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual conductor parts (9 to 13) are designed with conductor lengths of approximately equal length to each other.

5. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ladder length of the swivel arm (18) corresponds to a multiple length, in particular at least twice the length, of the projection (42) of the ladder stiles (28) beyond the pivot axis (27).

6. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the immediately underlying ladder part (10) has a further free space (24) between the ladder stiles (25) following the second guide units (35) and in the direction of the ladder head (15-2).

7. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first guide units (34) are arranged apart from each other in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder by a transverse distance (37), which transverse distance (37) is chosen to be larger than an outer width (31) of the swivel arm (18).

8. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second guide units (35) are arranged lying within the last pair of rungs of the ladder part (10) immediately below, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder.

9. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the position of the uppermost ladder part (9) being fully retracted into the ladder part (10) immediately below it, the ladder stiles (30) of the swivel arm (18) are each supported against one of the second guide units (35).

10. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after a relative adjustment of the first ladder part (9) to the side facing away from the ladder foot (14) and with its ladder element (17) and swivel arm (18) extended relative to each other, both the ladder stiles (28) of the ladder element (17) in the section of its free space (29) and the ladder stiles (30) of the swivel arm (18) are supported against each other on one of the second guide units (35).

11. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first guide units (34) and / or the second guide units (35) are each pivotably mounted on the second ladder part (10) about a pivot axis (48) running in a parallel orientation with respect to the ladder rungs (26) and the first guide units (34) and / or the second guide units (35) are each displaced by means of an actuating element (49) with their end facing the ladder foot (14) in the direction towards the second ladder part (10).

12. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide arrangement (33) further comprises at least one compensating element (50), preferably two compensating elements (50), wherein the at least one compensating element (50) or the compensating elements (50) are each designed in the form of a rocker and a first guide unit (34) is arranged at one end region and a second guide unit (35) is arranged at the opposite end region of the respective compensating element (50).

13. Ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide arrangement (33) further comprises, viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, third guide units (43) and fourth guide units opposite each other. The guide units (44) comprise the third and fourth guide units (43, 44) arranged on the ladder section (10) immediately below, and the third and fourth guide units (43, 44) are designed to control the ladder element (17) of the first ladder section. (9) in a transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the conductor, to be guided in a position parallel to the further conductor part (10) located immediately below it.

14. Ladder set (8) according to claim 13, characterized in that the third guide units (43) are located directly above the first guide units (34) on the further ladder section (10) are ordered or trained.

15. Ladder set (8) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the fourth guide units (44) are arranged at a distance (45) from the third guide units (43) in the direction of the ladder foot (14) and the distance (45) is selected such that in the fully retracted state of the first ladder part (9) each of the ladder stiles (28) of the ladder element (17) is guided on the fourth guide units (44) which are located opposite each other in the transverse direction.

16. Ladder set (8) according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the third guide units (43) and / or the fourth guide units (44) each comprise a base element (51) forming a rocker, wherein a pivot axis (52) of the base element (51) has an approximately normal orientation with respect to the transverse extent of the ladder parts (9 to 13) with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder.

17. Ladder set (8) according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the third guide units (43) and / or the fourth guide units (44) each comprise a pivoting travel limiting device (53) by means of which pivoting travel limiting device (53) the maximum possible pivoting travel of the base element (51) about its pivot axis (52) can be limited.

18. Emergency or rescue vehicle (1) comprising a chassis (2), a vehicle body (5), a driver's cab (6) and a lifting unit (7) designed as a ladder set (8), characterized in that the ladder set (8) is designed according to one of the preceding claims.

Images