Burner device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a burner device (100) for combusting at least one fuel with at least one oxidising agent, wherein the burner device (100) comprises a central longitudinal axis (102) and a main flow direction (104), which is at least approximately parallel to the central longitudinal axis (102), and wherein the burner device (100) comprises the following: a burner head (108), for supplying fuel and / or oxidising agent to a combustion chamber, and a flame tube (106), in which the burner head (108) is arranged; wherein the burner head (108) comprises the following: at least one injection device (120, 122), having a plurality of injection openings (132, 164) for injecting fuel, and at least one baffle plate (116, 118), having a plurality of baffle openings (146, 148) for fuel and / or oxidising agent, wherein the at least one baffle plate (116, 118) is arranged downstream of the at least one injection device (120, 122) with respect to the main flow direction (104); and / or wherein the at least one baffle plate (116, 118) comprises a plurality of differently formed baffle openings (146, 148); and / or wherein the at least one injection device (120, 122) comprises a plurality of differently formed injection openings (132, 164).

Description

[0001] Burner device

[0002] The present invention relates to a burner device for combustion of at least one fuel with at least one oxidizer. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a burner chamber device with a burner device and to a thermal exhaust gas purification system with a burner device.

[0003] Increasingly strict legal requirements, for example in thermal exhaust air purification systems, require a trend towards ever lower NO x -values, which are hardly achievable with the existing burner devices or burners, since currently very high combustion chamber temperatures prevail at low mass flow. In addition, with classic low-NO xIn jet burners, the combustion jet penetrates deep into the flow area behind the burner head, creating larger recirculation areas to the sides of this jet. Consequently, attempts are made to achieve rapid homogenization of fuel and oxidizer through complex injection geometry, but this quickly leads to high investment costs for larger burners. After all, current burners are not designed for the use of hydrogen.

[0004] The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a burner device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, achieves a uniform and rapid mixing of fuel and oxidizer, lower NO x emissions and / or is at least prepared for the use of hydrogen / methane mixtures.

[0005] This object is achieved according to the invention in that a burner device for the combustion of at least one fuel with at least one oxidizer is provided, wherein the burner device has a central longitudinal axis and a main flow direction at least approximately parallel to the central longitudinal axis, and wherein the burner device comprises the following: a burner head for supplying fuel and / or oxidizer to a combustion chamber, and a flame tube in which the burner head is arranged,

[0006] The burner head comprises the following: at least one injection device with a plurality of injection openings for injecting fuel, and at least one orifice plate with a plurality of orifice openings for fuel and / or oxidizer, wherein the at least one orifice plate is arranged downstream of the at least one injection device with respect to the main flow direction; and / or wherein the at least one orifice plate comprises a plurality of differently designed orifice openings; and / or wherein the at least one injection device comprises a plurality of differently designed injection openings.

[0007] An advantage of the burner device according to the invention can be that, compared to conventional burner devices, significantly lower NO xValues ​​can be achieved with more uniform combustion. More uniform and faster mixing of fuel and oxidizer accelerates the corresponding thermal reactions, thereby lowering the combustion chamber temperature.

[0008] In particular, the use of the orifice plate preferably optimizes the recirculation zones, flame anchoring, and / or flame stabilization. Preferably, the injected fuel or oxidizer is also accelerated and / or improved mixing of fuel and oxidizer is enabled. As a result, combustion can preferably take place at lower temperatures, as already mentioned, which in particular reduces NO x -Emissions can be reduced.

[0009] It is further possible that two adjacent aperture openings of the at least one aperture plate and / or two adjacent injection openings of the at least one injection device are designed and / or arranged differently in shape, dimensioning and / or their orientation relative to one another and / or relative to the main flow direction or central longitudinal axis.

[0010] Furthermore, it can be provided that the arrangement of the at least one orifice plate on the at least one injection device means that these can be arranged in close spatial proximity to one another with respect to the main flow direction, but without preventing the flow of the oxidizer around the injection device through the orifice openings of the at least one orifice plate.

[0011] It should further be understood that the central longitudinal axis is preferably an axis of symmetry along the burner device and that the main flow direction, in particular parallel thereto, is an axial direction, ie with regard to the main flow direction, any distortion is disregarded unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0012] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the burner head further comprises at least one swirl device for rotating the fuel and / or oxidizer supplied through the burner head, which is arranged at least partially upstream of the at least one injection device with respect to the main flow direction.

[0013] As a result, the flowing portion of the oxidizer is deflected only once for rotation, allowing the flow velocity to be used almost unchanged for mixing with the fuel. This design optimizes fuel injection, ideally resulting in lower pressure losses and / or lower emissions.

[0014] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one swirl device is connected to the at least one injection device or has a distance from the at least one injection device which is constant or variably adjustable.

[0015] It is conceivable that the at least one injection device is at least partially integrated into the at least one swirl device at the downstream end of the at least one swirl device with respect to the main flow direction. However, a fixed distance between the at least one swirl device and the at least one injection device can also be advantageous. Furthermore, a variably adjustable distance makes it possible to react to changing boundary conditions of the flow system of the burner device in order to adapt the combustion process so that the NO x Emissions can be efficiently reduced. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one swirl device is connected to the at least one orifice plate.

[0016] By connecting the at least one swirl device to the at least one orifice plate and the at least one injection device arranged between these two, a compact design of the burner device can be advantageously realized.

[0017] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the swirl device comprises a plurality of swirl bodies which are each inclined about a radial axis relative to the central longitudinal axis in order to swirl the fuel and / or oxidizer flowing through with respect to the main flow direction.

[0018] The swirl bodies may preferably be in the form of straight or curved plates; however, wing profiles or the like are also conceivable.

[0019] It is advantageous if the swirl bodies are arranged equidistant from one another in a circumferential direction, relative to the central longitudinal axis, since this ensures a uniform rotation of the oxidizer portion flowing through and prevents local pressure differences or losses at the level of the rotating bodies.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating bodies extend only to the inside of the flame tube. However, in a possible further embodiment, the rotating bodies can also extend radially to the central longitudinal axis through slot-shaped openings in the flame tube, which, on the one hand, enables a compact design and, on the other hand, also makes the possibility of rotation available for a certain area outside the flame tube due to the section of the rotating bodies that extends radially beyond the flame tube.

[0021] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the rotating bodies have a projection on their upstream edges with respect to the main flow direction.

[0022] It can be advantageous for such projections to provide the area through which the flame flows with variable flame heights, i.e. the flame height in the main flow direction is influenced depending on the specific design of the projections.

[0023] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the flame tube forms at least one diffuser at its downstream end with respect to the main flow direction.

[0024] It can be advantageous if the diffuser promotes the recirculation of the internal flow and / or if the diffuser stabilizes the geometry of the flame tube, for example, if the corresponding end of the flame tube has increased rigidity compared to a cylindrical design. The diffuser preferably causes the secondary portion of the oxidizer or the secondary air flowing along the outside of the flame tube to expand. Expanding or expanding this oxidizer portion can be particularly important for rapid mixing of fuel and oxidizer, which preferably leads to improved exhaust air purification.

[0025] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the diffuser has a continuous cross-sectional widening downstream with respect to the main flow direction.

[0026] The necessary or desired speed of mixing can be adjusted, among other things, by the opening angle and the course of the cross-sectional expansion, so that a continuous cross-sectional expansion is only considered to be particularly advantageous.

[0027] The opening angle of the cross-sectional expansion can remain constant. However, it is also possible for the opening angle of the cross-sectional expansion to increase or decrease.

[0028] If the diffuser is manufactured using an additive manufacturing process such as 3D printing, steps may be formed due to the manufacturing process.

[0029] This generally not very pronounced step contour on the outer and / or inner surface of the diffuser should also be understood as a continuous cross-sectional expansion.

[0030] In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one injection device comprises first injection openings whose central axes point at least approximately in the main flow direction. As a result, the fuel and / or oxidizer is injected into the burner chamber at least approximately parallel to the main flow direction, with the central axis of an injection opening being understood to be its main outflow direction.

[0031] However, it is also conceivable that the central axes of the injection openings and the main flow direction enclose an angle greater than zero, since it may be advantageous not to align the injection openings in the direction of the main flow direction, but to specify an angle relative to the main flow direction depending on further adjustable elements of the burner device, for example in order to optimise the mixing of injected fuel and flowing oxidizer.

[0032] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one of the first injection openings has an injection nozzle projecting in the main flow direction.

[0033] It is advantageous that injection nozzles at the injection openings can increase the exit velocity of the fuel from the injection opening depending on their profile or geometry along the central axis.

[0034] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one injection device has second injection openings, the central axes of which each enclose an angle between 0 degrees and 90 degrees with the main flow direction.

[0035] In particular, it may be advantageous if the second injection openings enclose an angle other than zero with the first injection openings.

[0036] Additional injection openings, which are not aligned in the main flow direction, preferably enable local premixed combustion to occur or at least increase the local mixing of fuel and oxidizer, thereby accelerating the homogenization of the mixture overall in addition to increasing the available fuel volume.

[0037] In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the first and second injection openings can be controlled independently of one another, i.e., either the first, the second, or the first and second injection openings can be activated or deactivated, thereby allowing the fuel flow rate to be adjusted. Furthermore, it is possible for different fuels to be injected via the first and second injection openings. The first and second injection openings of the at least one injection device can be arranged alternately or in groups.

[0038] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one injection device is a pipe ring, a star-shaped, closed pipe arrangement, a pipe ring with a fluidically connected, internal pipe cross or a pipe cross.

[0039] Within the scope of the present invention, the injection devices are not limited to a specific design. Rather, depending on the specific application, a design other than a tube ring may be preferable. For example, the variant of a tube ring with a fluidically connected inner tube cross offers the possibility of injecting more fuel into a central area via the additional injection openings.

[0040] A pipe cross is an arrangement whose number of cross struts and, consequently, the angle between the struts depend on the application. A pipe cross is also understood to mean, in particular, an arrangement of at least pipe sections that are arranged essentially radially around a common center point, preferably with an included angle of 120° between any two adjacent pipe sections. The three pipe sections are connected in a flow-conducting manner to at least one supply. The supply can be arranged either in the center or at least partially enclosing the pipe cross of the pipe sections.

[0041] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one injection device has a round or square cross-section.

[0042] Round or rounded cross-sections are intended to include circular, oval, and elliptical cross-sections. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one injection device is designed to be wave-shaped relative to a plane perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis.

[0043] The flame height can preferably be influenced by means of a wave-shaped or zigzag-shaped design of an injection device, wherein it can additionally be provided that the orientation of the injection opening of such an injection device with respect to the main flow direction can be different in the valley and at the peak of the wave shape.

[0044] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one aperture plate has first aperture openings and second aperture openings.

[0045] Preferably, the first and second apertures are designed and / or arranged differently in shape, dimensioning and / or their orientation relative to one another and / or relative to the main flow direction or central longitudinal axis, which can influence the stabilization of the flames.

[0046] In a possible further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first apertures and the second apertures of the aperture plate are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction.

[0047] The alternating arrangement can offer the advantage that different combustion types and / or combustion modes are established at the respective openings, thus resulting in mutual stabilization of the combustion at adjacent openings.

[0048] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first apertures are circular apertures and that the second apertures are elliptical, slotted or kidney-shaped apertures.

[0049] The different geometries of the apertures create different zones on the aperture plate, which preferably stabilize each other. In one embodiment of the invention, the second apertures are at least partially covered downstream of the at least one aperture plate with respect to the main flow direction, with the degree of coverage being adjustable.

[0050] In this context, "adjustable" means, on the one hand, the possibility of adjusting the coverage of the second orifice plate depending on variable combustion parameters, such as combustion chamber temperature, flow rates, pressures, etc., i.e., the degree of coverage can be controlled or regulated. On the other hand, the adjustability can refer to the adjustment of the coverage during the manufacture of at least one orifice plate or prior to commissioning, depending on the specific application.

[0051] In an advantageous embodiment, the cover of the second aperture openings can be adjusted mechanically via folding angles.

[0052] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that fuel can be fed into the combustion chamber from one of the injection openings through the first apertures and that fuel can be fed into the combustion chamber from two of the injection openings through the second apertures.

[0053] It can be advantageous if different combustion stages or types take place within a single orifice plate. While the circular, first orifice plates with their associated injection openings result in richer combustion, the second orifice plates, which are preferably elongated, ideally produce leaner combustion, which is in turn stabilized by the richer combustion.

[0054] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the two injection openings, which supply fuel into the combustion chamber through a second aperture, are offset radially relative to a longitudinal center axis of the slot-shaped aperture, relative to the central longitudinal axis.

[0055] This can have the advantage of stabilizing the burner flame or combustion in the radially outer region. This can also be due to the fact that the radially offset arrangement of the slotted aperture and the two injection openings on the radially inner long side of the slotted aperture results in a larger flow of oxidizer. This means that hotter flow paths develop at the slotted apertures on the radially outer long sides, while cooler flow paths preferentially develop on the radially inner side.

[0056] In other words, it is particularly advantageous if the center point of the corresponding apertures or their center axis, relative to the circumferential direction of the aperture plate, is arranged radially further inward than the center point of the associated injection opening or openings, because this results in a stable flame at the outer edge of the aperture plate.

[0057] Furthermore, this effect could also be achieved or promoted, alternatively or in addition to a radial offset of the orifice and injection openings, by constrictions or projections, widenings or the like on the outer and / or inner edge of the orifice plate.

[0058] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a discharge body for radially discharging the fuel and / or oxidizer is arranged downstream with respect to the main flow direction substantially centrally on the at least one orifice plate.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the diverter body can, for example, be frustoconical, whereby the fluid flow is advantageously guided or forced further radially outwards through the frustoconical diverter body at the downstream outlet from the at least one orifice plate, thus promoting rapid mixing of fuel and oxidizer.

[0060] However, other geometries are also conceivable, such as a pipe with a protruding end cover element at the downstream end.

[0061] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the burner head has a first orifice plate, a second orifice plate, a first injection device, and a second injection device. In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first and second orifice plates are annular and the first and second injection devices are annular tube-shaped, wherein the annular diameter of the second orifice plate and the second injection device is larger than the annular diameter of the first orifice plate and the first injection device, and wherein the second orifice plate and the second injection device are spaced radially, relative to the central longitudinal axis, from the first orifice plate and the first injection device.

[0062] In particular, the second orifice plate and the second injection device are arranged coaxially to the first orifice plate and the first injection device.

[0063] An advantage of this configuration can be the two-stage combustion with an internal pilot stage, comprising the first injection device and the first orifice plate, and an external main stage, comprising the second injection device and the second orifice plate, wherein the injection devices can preferably inject the same or different fuels. Preferably, the two injection devices are connected to a respective associated fuel supply in such a way that a volume flow, a pressure, and / or a duration of the fuel supply to the respective injection device can be controlled or regulated independently of one another.

[0064] Optionally, a design with a further stage may be advantageous in that a higher volume of combustible mixture is provided.

[0065] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the first aperture plate comprises an inner circular disk or is connected to such a disk. The inner circular disk is arranged, in particular, radially inward and / or spaced from the first aperture plate and / or is connected to it via webs.

[0066] By appropriately dimensioning the inner circular disc, the recirculation in the downstream region in front of the burner head can be adjusted. Furthermore, the inner circular disc preferably functions as a heat shield against the fuel supply. In one embodiment of the invention, the first orifice plate and the first injection device are arranged downstream or upstream of the second orifice plate and the second injection device with respect to the main flow direction.

[0067] An arrangement in which the first orifice plate and the first injection device are arranged downstream can be particularly advantageous because this promotes the opening or opening of the flow and reduces a pressure drop.

[0068] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the number of apertures of the first aperture plate and the second aperture plate is different.

[0069] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the and / or inner contour of the first aperture plate and the second aperture plate are different.

[0070] Both the different number of apertures and the different contours preferably ensure that the formation of vortex streets is prevented or the risk of their formation is minimized, thereby simultaneously preventing periodic separation and the associated oscillation of combustion. Without such periodic separation, the burnout is higher and thus the exhaust air purification is also improved.

[0071] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the aperture plate, in particular the first aperture plate and / or the second aperture plate, comprises two or more segments which are arranged at a distance from one another with respect to the circumferential direction of the aperture plate.

[0072] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first orifice plate is arranged at a distance from the first injection device and that the second orifice plate is arranged at a distance from the second injection device.

[0073] In one embodiment of the invention, the second apertures have at least one, preferably at least two, protrusions for sectionally tapering. The term "protrusion" in this description and the appended claims refers to a region of the respective aperture plate, disc, or the like that protrudes or protrudes. Such a protruding or protruding region causes the affected aperture to be tapered in sections, or the distance between opposing elements of the burner device to be reduced in sections.

[0074] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the flame tube is arranged in a guide tube in such a way that a flow channel is formed between the flame tube and the guide tube, through which a part of the oxidizer can flow.

[0075] The division of the oxidizer flow into a primary portion, which flows through the burner head and the flame tube, and a secondary portion, which flows through the annular flow channel between the guide tube and the flame tube, preferably accelerates the rapid mixing of the fuel and the oxidizer.

[0076] In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the swirl bodies touch the inside of the guide tube with their radial edges with respect to the central longitudinal axis.

[0077] This can offer the advantage that the secondary portion of the oxidizer, which flows through the annular flow channel formed between the draft tube and the flame tube, is completely wired.

[0078] However, it is also conceivable that the swirl bodies do not reach as far as the inside of the first guide tube, thus creating a non-twisted flow path within the annular flow channel, which essentially runs along the inside of the first guide tube, and a twisted flow path, which essentially runs along the outside of the flame tube, wherein this preferably applies at least to the upstream inlet of the annular flow channel and / or wherein preferably downstream due to the flow dynamics there is a mixing of the paths.

[0079] In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it can again be provided that the guide tube is arranged in a further, second guide tube or jacket tube in such a way that a second, annular flow channel is formed between the guide tube and the jacket tube, through which a part of the secondary oxidizer component can flow.

[0080] Thus, a portion of the secondary oxidizer component flows through this second, annular flow channel, which is not wired. The division of the secondary oxidizer component into a wired and a non-wired secondary component preferably enhances recirculation.

[0081] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one bypass injection device for injecting fuel is arranged in the flow channel between the flame tube and the guide tube.

[0082] The bypass injection device mixes fuel with a portion of the oxidizer in the flow channel. Thus, bypass injection enhances combustion. The fuel injected via the bypass injection device can be the same fuel as the fuel injected via the injection device or a different fuel.

[0083] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one further swirl device for rotating the oxidizer is arranged in the flow channel between the flame tube and the guide tube.

[0084] This promotes the mixing of the fuel injected through the bypass injection device and the oxidizer portion flowing through the flow channel.

[0085] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the bypass injection device is arranged downstream of the at least one further swirl device with respect to the main flow direction.

[0086] As a result, the fuel from the bypass injection device is injected into the wired oxidizer portion, resulting in improved mixing. In one embodiment of the invention, the oxidizer enters the flow channel at a velocity of 50 m / s to 70 m / s, in particular 60 m / s.

[0087] This advantageously allows a jet flow to be realized at the burner chamber inlet.

[0088] The object is further achieved according to the invention by using a burner device as described above. The burner device is used in particular for exhaust gas purification and / or exhaust air purification.

[0089] The object is further achieved according to the invention by a method for operating a burner device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0090] Supplying oxidizer to a burner head according to the invention to form at least one oxidizer stream;

[0091] Supplying fuel to an injection device of the burner head; and injecting the fuel into the at least one oxidizer stream by means of the injection device of the burner head.

[0092] The object can further be achieved according to the invention by a combustion chamber system having at least one combustion chamber and at least one burner device as described above, wherein the burner device is connected at its outer circumference to a base of the combustion chamber device.

[0093] In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the burner device is inserted into the combustion chamber and is fastened outside the combustion chamber, wherein a flow channel is formed between the outer circumference of the burner device and the combustion chamber, through which a part of the oxidizer can flow.

[0094] As a result, particularly in a burner device with a guide tube, a portion of the oxidizer flows through the flow channel between the flame tube and the guide tube, and through the annular gap between the guide tube and the corresponding insertion area of ​​the combustion chamber device. This annular gap may be asymmetrical due to manufacturing tolerances or thermal deformation. The provision of a guide tube nevertheless ensures a symmetrical flow from the flame tube to the opening of the combustion chamber device.

[0095] According to the invention, the object can also be achieved by a thermal exhaust gas purification system with a burner device as described above.

[0096] Further preferred features and / or advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of exemplary embodiments.

[0097] The figures show:

[0098] Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a burner device in cooperation with a base unit attached to a holder;

[0099] Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a burner device;

[0100] Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 2;

[0101] Fig. 4a is a first schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a burner head;

[0102] Fig. 4b a second schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of a burner head;

[0103] Fig. 4c a third schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of a burner head;

[0104] Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a first and a second aperture plate;

[0105] Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a portion of the burner head embodiment shown in Fig. 4a; Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the flow between an injection device and an orifice plate;

[0106] Fig. 8a is a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of an injection device;

[0107] Fig. 8b is a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of an injection device;

[0108] Fig. 8c is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of an injection device;

[0109] Fig. 8d is a schematic sectional view of a fourth embodiment of an injection device;

[0110] Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a fifth embodiment of an injection device;

[0111] Fig. 10a is a schematic plan view of a sixth embodiment of an injection device;

[0112] Fig. 10b is a schematic plan view of a seventh embodiment of an injection device;

[0113] Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a burner head;

[0114] Fig. 12 is a schematic side view of the second embodiment of a burner head from Fig. 11;

[0115] Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of a burner head; Fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a burner head;

[0116] Fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a fifth embodiment of a burner head;

[0117] Fig. 16 is a schematic plan view of the fifth embodiment of a burner head from Fig. 15;

[0118] Fig. 17 is a schematic perspective partial view of a sixth embodiment of a burner head;

[0119] Fig. 18 is a schematic perspective partial view of a seventh embodiment of a burner head;

[0120] Fig. 19 is a schematic sectional view of an eighth embodiment of a burner head;

[0121] Fig. 20 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of a burner device in cooperation with a base unit from Fig. 1; and

[0122] Fig. 21 is a schematic side view of the embodiment of a burner device in cooperation with a base unit from Fig. 20.

[0123] Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

[0124] Fig. 1 shows a burner device 100 according to the invention, which is arranged in the flow direction upstream of a base unit 300, which is itself fastened to and / or by means of a holder 400.

[0125] The other elements or assemblies of the burner device 100 and the base unit 300 will be discussed in more detail in connection with Figs. 20 and 21. A burner device shown in Fig. 2 and designated as a whole by 100 serves to combust at least one fuel with at least one oxidizer.

[0126] The burner device 100 is designed to be substantially rotationally symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis 102, with a main flow direction 104 running at least approximately parallel to the central longitudinal axis 102. Based on the illustration of the burner device 100 in Fig. 2, the main flow direction 104 is directed from left to right.

[0127] The burner device 100 comprises a flame tube 106, a burner head 108 and a guide tube 110. The burner head 108 is arranged in the flame tube 106 such that the flame tube 106 projects beyond the burner head 108 downstream.

[0128] The flame tube 106 has a diffuser 112 at its downstream end. The diffuser 112 is characterized by a continuous cross-sectional widening, for example, at least approximately 15°, preferably at least approximately 25°, and / or at most approximately 60°, in particular at most approximately 45°.

[0129] The flame tube 106 is arranged in the guide tube 110, which is shown transparent in Fig. 2 for the purpose of visualizing the elements located underneath, wherein the guide tube 110 is shorter than the flame tube 106 in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 102.

[0130] Between the flame tube 106 and the guide tube 110, an annular flow channel 114 is formed, into which a bypass injection device can optionally inject fuel in order to mix it with the oxidizer portion flowing through.

[0131] The burner head 108 comprises a first orifice plate 116, a second orifice plate 118, a first injection device 120, a second injection device 122, a swirl device 123 with several swirl bodies in the form of swirl plates 124 and a central hollow body 126, which is not fully visible in Fig. 2.

[0132] Further details of the burner head 108 are described below with reference to Fig. 3 and Figs. 4a to 4c. The swirl plates 124 extend from the central hollow body 126 through slot-shaped openings 128 in the flame tube 106 to the inside of the guide tube 110. Furthermore, the swirl plates each have a projection 130 on their upstream edges, which borders the inside of the guide tube 110.

[0133] These projections 130 on the swirl plates 124, which can also be referred to as fins, are intended to impose variable heights on the flow-through area, i.e. the annular flow channel 114, ie the flame height in the main flow direction 104 is to be influenced in order to strengthen the enveloping hot zone.

[0134] A primary portion of the oxidizer, e.g., primary air, flows through the flame tube 106 and the burner head 108. A secondary portion of the oxidizer, e.g., secondary air, flows through the annular flow channel 114.

[0135] The secondary portion of the oxidizer flowing through the annular flow channel 114 is guided or swung open by the section of the swirl plates 124 located in the annular flow channel 114 and is directed or swung outward, ie away from the central longitudinal axis 102, by the shape of the diffuser 112.

[0136] By this opening directly at the downstream end of the burner device 100, a rapid homogenization of the combustion mixture is achieved and, in addition, lateral cold strands in the main flow downstream of the burner device 100 are preferably prevented.

[0137] Due to the interaction of the diffuser 112 with the swirl plates 124, less twisting, ie a smaller angle of inclination of the swirl plates 124, is necessary, which leads to a lower pressure loss.

[0138] Not shown in Fig. 1 is an optional jacket tube surrounding the guide tube 110. An annular flow channel is also formed between the guide tube 110 and the jacket tube, but no swirl plates are arranged in this second annular flow channel. Rather, the portion of the secondary portion of the oxidizer flowing through this second annular flow channel is not wired. Dividing the secondary portion of the oxidizer into a wired portion and a non-wired portion serves to enhance recirculation.

[0139] It is also conceivable to inject volatile organic compounds (VOCs) between flame tube 106 and draft tube 110 and / or between draft tube 110 and jacket tube.

[0140] Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of the burner device 100 from Fig. 2.

[0141] In Fig. 3 it can be seen that the first injection device 120 and the second injection device 122 are annular tubes, each having a plurality of injection openings 132, wherein these injection openings 132 point, for example, in the main flow direction 104.

[0142] Furthermore, the first injection device 120 and the second injection device 122 are supplied by fuel supply lines 134.

[0143] The second orifice plate 118 has prongs 136 on its outer contour, which touch the inside of the flame tube 106.

[0144] Figs. 4a to 4c show a first embodiment of a burner head 108, as shown in Fig. 2 arranged in the burner device 100.

[0145] Each of the swirl plates 124 has a receptacle 138 for the first and second injection devices 120, 122 on its downstream edge, i.e. on the right-facing edge in Fig. 4a.

[0146] The first injection device 120 is arranged between the swirl plates 124 and the first orifice plate 116 in the corresponding receptacles 138 of the swirl plates 124 and the second injection device 122 is arranged between the swirl plates 124 and the second orifice plate 118 in the corresponding receptacles 138 of the swirl plates 124.

[0147] The first injection device 120 can also be referred to as the pilot stage, and the second injection device 122 as the main stage. The advantage of generating swirl or twisting the oxidizer close to the injection point is minimizing pressure losses, which in turn leads to lower emissions. In other words, by combining the swirl plates with the injection devices 120, 122, the velocity of the oxidizer can be directly utilized through a single deflection, enabling a more compact design.

[0148] It is advantageous if the first injection device 120 is arranged downstream of the second injection device 122 along the central longitudinal axis 102, i.e., the first injection device 120, or pilot stage, is arranged upstream of the second injection device 122. As a result, the radial opening of the flow is promoted and the pressure drop is further reduced.

[0149] It is also conceivable that downstream of the first injection device 120, a body extending into the combustion chamber of the flame tube 106 adjoins the inner circular disk 142, preferably a truncated cone-shaped body whose side with the smaller diameter faces upstream. This additional truncated cone-shaped body further promotes the radial expansion or deflection of the flow. Furthermore, such a body reduces recirculation at the outlet of the burner head 108 or blocks part of the recirculation region, thereby suppressing the merging of the burner flame at the first and second injection devices 120, 122.

[0150] The first orifice plate 116 and the second orifice plate 118 are each spaced and releasably fastened to the first injection device 120 and the second injection device 122 by means of a plurality of connections 140, preferably with screw connections.

[0151] In Fig. 4b and in particular in Fig. 4c as a top view of the burner head 108, the shape and configuration of the first orifice plate 116 and the second orifice plate 118 in a particularly preferred embodiment, as well as their arrangement above the first injection device 120 and the second injection device 122, can be seen. Both the first orifice plate 116 and the second orifice plate 118 are essentially formed as circular rings. The combination of the second orifice plate 118 and the second injection device 122 has a larger diameter than the combination of the first orifice plate 116 and the first injection device 120. Furthermore, both combinations are arranged radially spaced from one another and / or coaxially aligned with one another.

[0152] An inner circular disk 142 is preferably arranged radially inwardly and on the same plane with respect to the first orifice plate 116 and is connected to the first orifice plate 116 via a plurality of webs 144, preferably via eight webs 144.

[0153] The inner circular disk 142 in its central position preferably serves as a heat shield with respect to the fuel supply in the recirculation region.

[0154] The first aperture plate 116 and the second aperture plate 118 each comprise a plurality of first aperture openings 146, which are, for example, circular in shape, and a plurality of second, geometrically different aperture openings 148, which are, for example, elongated in shape. The circular aperture openings 146 and the elongated aperture openings 148 are preferably arranged alternately along the circumference of the aperture plates 116, 118.

[0155] The aperture area of ​​the circular apertures 146 is smaller than that of the elongated apertures 148.

[0156] The different sizes of the orifice surfaces of the orifice openings 146 and 148 create small and large flames, and correspondingly hot and cold zones. This can have the advantage of drastically reducing methane levels in the combustion chamber.

[0157] In particular, with regard to Fig. 4c, it can be seen that, for example, the slot-shaped apertures 148 each extend over two injection openings 132, whereas the circular apertures 146 are each arranged over only one injection opening 132.

[0158] In addition, the injection openings 132 of the circular apertures 146 are centered relative to these, whereas the injection openings 132 of the slot-shaped apertures are preferably offset radially outward with respect to the longitudinal axis of the slot-shaped apertures, since the bending radius of the respective injection device 120, 122 is greater than the bending radius of the associated slot-shaped apertures 148. The latter ensures that the combustion in the outer region of the burner device 100 is stabilized.

[0159] Due to the different number of effective injection openings 132 of the circular and elongated apertures 146, 148, two different combustion conditions occur within the aperture plates 116, 118. Richer combustion occurs at the circular apertures 146, while leaner combustion occurs at the elongated apertures 148, with the leaner combustion being stabilized by the richer combustion.

[0160] The orifice plates 116, 118 promote recirculation by accelerating the oxidizer near the injection devices 120, 122, resulting in greater mixing of the oxidizer and fuel. The increased mixing enables combustion at lower temperatures, resulting in lower NOx emissions. Combustion near the orifice plates 116, 118 stabilizes volumetric combustion.

[0161] Fig. 5 shows that the second aperture plate 118 has protrusions 136 along its outer contour or outer circumference and angular protrusions 150 along its inner contour or inner circumference. Furthermore, in the uninstalled state of the second aperture plate 118, the bores 152 for the connections 140 are visible in the area of ​​some protrusions 136.

[0162] The first aperture plate 116, on the other hand, has round indentations 154 along its outer contour or outer circumference.

[0163] It should be understood that both the outer contour and / or inner contour of the first orifice plate 118 and the outer contour of the first orifice plate 116 can alternatively or additionally have a continuous profile, such as a wave-like profile, which reduces or increases the distance to the flame tube or the distance between the first and second orifice plates 116, 118 in certain sections. This results in flow instabilities being less mutually reinforcing. Furthermore, it should be noted that the number of circular and elongated orifice openings 146, 148 in the first and second orifice plates 116, 118 is different.

[0164] The differences in the outer and inner contours, as well as the number of apertures 146 and 148, ensure that no vortex streets are formed and that there are no periodic separations that could lead to oscillation in the combustion process. This results in higher burnout and thus improved exhaust air purification.

[0165] The illustrations in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are intended to illustrate once again that the width of the slot-shaped apertures 148 and the width of an inner slot web 156, which runs essentially parallel to an outer slot web 158, can be used to adjust the oxidizer supply, thereby simultaneously influencing the emission. This allows an enveloping, radially outer hot zone to be deliberately created, thereby increasing the overall burnout. Such adjustment of the widths should preferably only be performed on the second aperture plate 118.

[0166] In this regard, Fig. 7 indicates a hot flow path 160, which arises because the space between the outer web 158 of the elongated hole and the second injection device 122 is small, allowing less oxidizer to flow around the left side of the second injection device 122. The situation is different on the right side of the injection device, i.e., on the side of the inner web 156 of the elongated hole, where there is more space for the flow, allowing a larger proportion of oxidizer to flow past, as indicated by the two cold flow paths 162a, 162b. As a result, an enveloping hot zone forms on the outside.

[0167] In Figs. 8a to 8d, different embodiments of the injection devices 120, 122 or the injection openings 132 as well as further possibilities for additional injection are presented.

[0168] In Figs. 8a to 8d, the main flow direction 104 runs from bottom to top in the image plane. While in Fig. 8a the center axis of the injection opening 132 points in the direction of the main flow direction 104, Fig. 8b shows an embodiment with a first injection opening 132 in the main flow direction and an additional second injection opening 164, which forms an angle of less than 90° with the main flow direction 104. The second injection opening 164 preferably injects fuel radially outward with respect to the central longitudinal axis 102. This allows additional hot combustion regions to be created. In addition, an additional radially outwardly directed injection improves mixing; locally premixed combustion occurs.

[0169] Furthermore, the mixing can be controlled by the injection opening 132 being inclined relative to the main flow direction 104, i.e. by forming an angle therewith, as shown in Fig. 8c.

[0170] An embodiment is also possible in which an injection nozzle 166 or injection lance is arranged on the injection opening 132, the inner cross section of which tapers, for example, with respect to the main flow direction 104, whereby the flow velocity of the outflowing fuel is increased and a higher or faster mixing occurs.

[0171] Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of an injection device 120, 122. The illustration shows a section of an injection device 120, 122 that is wave-shaped or zigzag-shaped in a plane perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis 102, which runs from bottom to top in the image plane. The wave shape can be used to adjust the flame height of defined regions in the main flow direction 104.

[0172] Further embodiments of an injection device 120, 122 are shown in Figs. 10a and 10b.

[0173] In Fig. 10a, the tube ring shape has been extended by a fluidically connected inner tube cross 168, which also has an injection opening 132. Alternatively, an injection device 120, 122 can also be designed as a star, as can be seen in Fig. 10b, which has three or more, preferably four, points 170.

[0174] With regard to Fig. 10b, it is also conceivable that the outer contour of the injection device 120, 122 alternatively has a continuous curve of any desired characteristic, so that flow instabilities occurring here at the injection device 120, 122 do not reinforce each other.

[0175] 11 and 12 show a second embodiment of a burner head 108, which differs from the first embodiment in that, on the one hand, the second orifice plate 118 is divided into five equal segments 172, which are arranged at a distance from one another with respect to the circumferential direction of the second orifice plate 118.

[0176] On the other hand, the first aperture plate 116 is also divided into four equal segments 174, which are also arranged at a distance from one another with respect to the circumferential direction of the first aperture plate 116.

[0177] The number of segments of the first and second aperture plates 116, 118 may also be greater or less than five or four, respectively, since the number of segments depends in particular on the manufacturability and the mountability.

[0178] The segments 172 and 174 are preferably separated from one another in the region of the second, elongated aperture 148.

[0179] It is also conceivable that the first aperture plate 116 is divided into more than four segments 174 or fewer than four segments 174, wherein the segments 174 of the first aperture plate 116 may be identical or different from one another. The same applies analogously to the second aperture plate 118, which may also be divided into more or fewer than five segments 172, wherein these segments 172 may also be identical or different.

[0180] Due to the decoupled arrangement of segments 172 and 174, less thermal expansion occurs overall. Furthermore, less waste material is generated during the production of the comparatively smaller segments 172, 174 than during the production of a continuous first or second aperture plate 116, 118. In addition, more connections 140 are required to attach segments 172, 174, thereby improving the fixation of the first and second aperture plates 116, 118 and better compensating for the failure or malfunction of an individual connection 140.

[0181] In Figs. 11 and 12, the particularly preferred embodiment of the connections 140 can also be seen.

[0182] In this particularly preferred embodiment of the connections 140, the connections 140 each comprise a screw 176, a nut 178 and a spacer 180 which is sleeve-shaped.

[0183] Preferably, each segment 172, 174 is attached to the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively, by two or more pairs of connections 140, wherein the connections 140 of the individual pairs are arranged on opposite sides of the injection devices 120, 122.

[0184] The nuts 178 are attached, preferably welded, to the sides of the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively.

[0185] The spacers 180, which are preferably replaceable, allow the desired distance between the injection device and the orifice plate to be adjusted. This also allows the oxidizer flow around the injection devices 120, 122 and through the orifice plates 116, 118 to be adjusted.

[0186] The spacing of the orifice plates 116, 118 and the lateral fastening of the nuts 178 avoid weld seams or weld spots on the downstream, hot surface of the injection devices 120, 122.

[0187] The screws 176 are screwed into the corresponding nut 178 to fasten the respective segment 172, 174, whereby the bore 152 provided for the respective connection 140 in the orifice plates 116, 118 can additionally have a thread corresponding to the screw 176. Fig. 13 shows a third embodiment of a burner head 108, which differs from the second embodiment in Figs. 11 and 12 in the manner in which the segments 172, 174 are fastened to the respective injection device 120, 122.

[0188] In the third embodiment, the connections 140 are also arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively.

[0189] In the third embodiment, the connections 140 also comprise a screw 176, a nut 178 and a sleeve-shaped spacer 180.

[0190] Each screw 176 of a connecting pair engages through one of the segments 172, 174 into an associated U-shaped bracket 182, which is guided upstream against the first or second injection device 120, 122 and at least partially encompasses them. The two screws 176 are secured to the associated U-shaped bracket 182 by means of the respective nut 178. The two associated spacers 180 of the connecting pair are arranged between the ends of the U-shaped bracket 182 and the corresponding segment, thereby adjusting the distance between this segment and the first or second injection device 120, 122.

[0191] The brackets 182 can be fixed to the respective injection device 120, 122, for example by one or more welding points.

[0192] Alternatively, the brackets 182 are at least partially movable along the circumferential direction of the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively, thereby providing a further degree of freedom for reducing thermal stress. The mobility of non-fixed brackets 182 along the circumferential direction can be limited by stops (not shown) attached to the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively.

[0193] The brackets 182 are preferably made of a metal.

[0194] The frictional resistance between the bracket 182 and the first or second injection device 120, 122 can be adjusted via the width of the non-fixed bracket 182. This reduces the risk of the associated, indirectly attached segment 172, 174 tilting about the circumferential axis of the first or second injection device 120, 122.

[0195] The holes 152 for the connections 140 in the first and second aperture plates 116, 118 and also the sleeve-shaped spacers 180 can be provided with an internal thread corresponding to the screws 176.

[0196] Fig. 14 shows a fourth embodiment of a burner head 108, which differs from the third embodiment in Fig. 13 in that connecting pairs consisting of two screws 176, two nuts 178, and two spacers 180 secure a portion of one of the segments 172, 174 to the first or second injection device 120, 122 not by means of a bracket 182, but by means of a crosspiece 184, which rests on the upstream surface of the injection device opposite the segment. The corresponding segment 172, 174, the two spacers 180 of a connecting pair, and the associated crosspiece 184 thus define a rectangle within the interior.

[0197] It is conceivable that the spacers 180 and / or the transverse webs 184 are attached to the first or second injection device 120, 122.

[0198] Furthermore, the frictional resistance between the crossbar 184 and the first or second injection device 120, 122 can be adjusted via the size of the contact surface of the crossbar.

[0199] Alternatively or additionally, the segments 172, 174 can be secured to the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively, by a plurality of U-shaped metal sheets (not shown). These U-shaped metal sheets, comparable to the brackets 182 in Fig. 13, are guided upstream against the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively, and are fastened thereto, for example, by a welded connection. The two legs of the U-shaped metal sheets, which encompass the respective injection devices 120, 122 on opposite sides, are divided into a downstream section and an upstream section. The respective downstream section of a leg is rotated about the leg axis, for example by 90 degrees, in order to adjust the distance of the respective segment 172, 174 to the first or second injection device 120, 122.The twisted downstream portions of the legs are passed through corresponding openings in the respective segment 172, 174 and are bent on the downstream side of the segment 172, 174 to secure the set distance.

[0200] Figures 15 and 16 show a fifth embodiment of a burner head 108 which has noise reduction measures.

[0201] First, the second, slot-shaped apertures 148 of the segments 172, 174 of the first and second aperture plates 116, 118 are attached on both sides, ie, to the slot inner web 156 and the slot outer web 158, by one or two pairs of connections 140 to the first and second injection devices 120, 122, respectively, whereby the slot inner webs 156 and slot outer webs 158 are prevented from flow-induced oscillation or such oscillation is at least reduced.

[0202] Second, the second apertures 148 of the first and second aperture plates 116, 118 have one or more tapers.

[0203] The tapers are created by bulges 186 of the respective diaphragm plates 116, 118, which are arranged opposite one another in pairs and which can be continuous or discontinuous with respect to the outer or inner contour, such as jagged or the like, wherein the number of tapers and thus also the number of bulges 186 of adjacent second diaphragm openings 148 preferably differ along the circumferential direction of the first and second diaphragm plates 116, 118.

[0204] Accordingly, in Figs. 15 and 16, the second apertures 148, which are formed by two adjacent segments 172, 174, have two pairs of protrusions 186, whereas the remaining second apertures 148 each have only one pair of protrusions 186.

[0205] The bulges 186 can be directly opposite each other or can be offset from each other.

[0206] Furthermore, additional bulge elements (not shown) may also protrude into the annular gap 188 between the first and second diaphragm plates 116, 118. Third, the inner circular disc 142 is preferably also provided with bulges 186 along its outer circumference, so that tapered sections are formed in the annular gap 190 between the inner circular disc 142 of the first diaphragm plate 116.

[0207] Further noise reduction measures are conceivable, which cause symmetrical and / or asymmetrical tapers to be formed in the area of ​​the annular gaps 188, 190 and along the second apertures 148.

[0208] Fig. 17 shows a sixth embodiment of a burner head 108 with a measure for reducing vibration-induced noise at the gaps between two adjacent segments 172 of the second orifice plate 118 or two adjacent segments 174 of the first orifice plate 116.

[0209] In a second aperture 148, which is formed by two adjacent segments 172 or two adjacent segments 174, the inner elongated hole web 156 and the outer elongated hole web 158 are each separated by a gap. The resulting free ends or sections of the webs 156, 158 vibrate due to the oxidizer flow and thereby generate noise.

[0210] To reduce this noise, an upstream-curved extension 192 is provided on a portion 194 of the slot outer web 158, which at least partially overlaps or projects beyond the other portion 196 of the slot outer web 158. The extension 192 is preferably a section of the portion 194.

[0211] Alternatively, Fig. 18 shows—in a seventh embodiment of a burner head 108—a plate-shaped element 198, which is attached to the upstream surface of the two sections 194, 196 of the split elongated hole outer web 158. Preferably, the plate-shaped element 198 is welded to both sections 194, 196. Such a closure of the gap also prevents vibration of the two sections 194, 196 and, consequently, the local generation of noise.

[0212] Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that the gaps between the sections of the elongated hole inner web 156 and the elongated hole outer web 158 of a second aperture 148 are covered on the downstream surface by a common, plate-shaped transverse element (not shown). The plate-shaped transverse element is thus oriented at least approximately perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the respective aperture plate 116, 118.

[0213] Fig. 19 shows an eighth embodiment of a burner head 108, in which the segments 172, 174 are arranged floating on the respective injection device 120, 122.

[0214] As can be seen, for example, in the second embodiment in Fig. 11, two adjacent segments 172, 174 form at least approximately a second, slot-shaped aperture 148, wherein - as can be seen, for example, in the seventh embodiment in Fig. 18 - a gap is formed between the sections of the slot inner web 156 and the slot outer web 156.

[0215] The floating bearing, which preferably connects two adjacent segments 172, 174 to each other, is created by fixing two opposing angle elements 200 to the respective injection device 120, 122 at the adjacent ends of two adjacent segments 172, 174, preferably in each case by means of a welded connection 202.

[0216] The angle elements 200 preferably have three sections, of which - with respect to the image plane in Fig. 19 - the two outer sections are aligned at least approximately in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 102, ie vertically, whereas the middle section is aligned perpendicular to the other two and thus at least approximately parallel to the flat plane of the diaphragm plates 116, 118.

[0217] The angle elements 200 receive the associated segment 172, 174 on the downstream side, preferably the respective sections of the slot inner web 156 and the slot outer web 158.

[0218] The sections of the slot inner web 156 and the slot outer web 158 have an indentation on the inside, i.e., a partial recess of the segment. The radial depth of the indentation can, for example, be half of the respective web 156, 158, whereas the extent of the indentation in the circumferential direction of the respective segment 172, 174 is preferably a multiple of the radial depth. Downstream, the adjacent sections of the slot inner web 156 are covered by a plate segment 204, which is preferably connected to the two associated angle elements 200 of the slot inner web 156 by means of a welded joint 202.

[0219] Analogously, the adjacent sections of the slot outer web 158 are covered on the downstream side by a further plate segment 204, which is preferably connected to the two associated angle elements 200 of the slot outer web 158 by means of a welded connection 202.

[0220] The plate segments 204 are further connected on the inside of the webs 156, 158 to the two associated angle elements 200 by means of a bolt 206 or the like.

[0221] The plate segments 204 contribute to noise reduction by covering the gaps between the sections of the webs 156, 158.

[0222] Such a floating support of two adjacent ends of two segments 172, 174 allows movement of the segments 172, 174 in the circumferential direction, whereby thermal expansions, in particular in the circumferential direction of the orifice plates 116, 118, can be compensated.

[0223] Figures 20 and 21 show an igniter device 302, which is preferably tubular.

[0224] The igniter device 302 extends from the base unit 300 into the burner device 100 and, relative to the direction of gravity g, preferably rests on the first orifice plate 116 from above. Particularly preferably, the igniter device 302 is received in a round recess 154 of the first orifice plate 116.

[0225] The fact that the igniter device 302 rests on the first orifice plate 116 ensures that the distance to the first orifice plate 116 is as short as possible, which at least makes ignition of leakage air more difficult. The igniter device 302 is ideally arranged such that, relative to the direction of gravity g, it is positioned higher in the base unit 300 than in the burner device 100, whereby the igniter device 302 forms an angle α with the central longitudinal axis 102. This inclined position prevents any condensate, contaminants, or the like from flowing back from the burner device 100 through the igniter device 302.

[0226] Reference symbol

[0227] Burner device central longitudinal axis

[0228] Main flow direction

[0229] Flame tube

[0230] burner head

[0231] Guide tube

[0232] Diffuser first annular flow channel first orifice plate second orifice plate first injection device second injection device

[0233] Swirl device

[0234] Swirl plates central hollow body slot-shaped opening

[0235] projection

[0236] (first) injection opening

[0237] Fuel supply line

[0238] Pink

[0239] Recording

[0240] Connection

[0241] inner circular disc

[0242] Bridge first (circular) aperture second (slot-shaped) aperture square bulge

[0243] Hole round indentation

[0244] Slotted hole inner web

[0245] Slotted hole outer web hot flow path cold flow path second injection opening 6 injection nozzle 8 fluidically connected inner pipe cross 0 prong 2 segment 4 segment 6 screw 8 nut 0 spacer 2 bracket 4 cross web 6 bulge 8 gap 0 gap 2 extension 94 section of the slotted hole outer web 96 section of the slotted hole outer web 98 plate-shaped element 00 angle element 02 welded connection 04 plate segment 06 bolt 00 base unit 02 igniter device 00 bracket g direction of gravity

Claims

Claims: Burner device (100) for the combustion of at least one fuel with at least one oxidizer, wherein the burner device (100) has a central longitudinal axis (102) and a main flow direction (104) at least approximately parallel to the central longitudinal axis, and wherein the burner device (100) comprises: a burner head (108) for supplying fuel and / or oxidizer to a combustion chamber, and a flame tube (106) in which the burner head (108) is arranged, wherein the burner head (108) comprises: at least one injection device (120, 122) with several injection openings (132, 164) for injecting fuel, and at least one baffle plate (116, 118) with several baffle openings (146, 148) for fuel and / or oxidizer, wherein the at least one baffle plate (116, 118) is oriented with respect to the main flow direction (104) is arranged downstream of at least one injection device (120, 122);and / or wherein the at least one aperture plate (116, 118) comprises several differently shaped aperture openings (146, 148); and / or wherein the at least one injection device (120, 122) comprises several differently shaped injection openings (132, 164). Burner device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the burner head (108) further comprises at least one swirl device (123) for swirling the fuel and / or oxidizer supplied by the burner head (108), which is arranged at least partially upstream of the at least one injection device (120, 122) with respect to the main flow direction (104). Burner device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one swirl device (123) is connected to the at least one injection device (120, 122) or has a distance to the at least one injection device (120, 122) which is constant or variably adjustable.Burner device (100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the swirl device (123) comprises several swirl bodies (124) which are inclined about a radial axis, relative to the central longitudinal axis (102), to swirl the flowing fuel and / or oxidizer relative to the main flow direction (104). Burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flame tube (106) forms at least one diffuser (112) at its downstream end with respect to the main flow direction (104). Burner device (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that the diffuser (112) has a continuous cross-sectional expansion downstream with respect to the main flow direction (104).Burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one injection device (120, 122) has first injection openings (132) whose central axes point at least approximately in the main flow direction (104). Burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one of the first injection openings (132) has an injection nozzle (166) projecting in the main flow direction (104). Burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one injection device (120, 122) has second injection openings (164) whose central axes each form an angle between 0 degrees and 90 degrees with the main flow direction (104). Burner device (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that the first injection openings (132) and the second injection openings (164) are controllable independently of each other.Burner device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the at least one injection device (120, 122) is a tubular ring. A star-shaped, closed tube arrangement, a tube ring with a fluidically connected, internal tube cross (168), or a tube cross. Burner device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least one baffle plate (116, 118) has first baffle openings (146) and second baffle openings (148), and that the first baffle openings (146) are circular baffle openings and that the second baffle openings (148) are elliptical, oblong, or kidney-shaped baffle openings. Burner device (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that the second baffle openings (148) are at least partially covered downstream of the at least one baffle plate (116, 118) with respect to the main flow direction (104), wherein the degree of coverage is adjustable.Burner device (100) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that fuel from each of the injection openings (132, 164) can be supplied to the combustion chamber through the first aperture openings (146), that fuel from each of the injection openings (132, 164) can be supplied to the combustion chamber through the second aperture openings (148), and that the two injection openings (132, 164) which supply fuel to the combustion chamber through a second aperture opening (148) are offset radially relative to a longitudinal center axis of the elongated aperture opening (148), with respect to the central longitudinal axis (102). Burner device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a deflector body for radial discharge of the fuel and / or oxidizer is arranged substantially centrally on the at least one aperture plate (116) with respect to the main flow direction (104).Burner device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the burner head has a first aperture plate (116), a second aperture plate (118), a first injection device (120) and a second injection device (122) and that the first and the second aperture plate (116, 118) are annular and the first and the second injection device. (120, 122) are annular, such that the ring diameter of the second aperture plate (118) and the second injection device (122) is larger than the ring diameter of the first aperture plate (116) and the first injection device (120), and that the second aperture plate (118) and the second injection device (122) are spaced radially apart from the first aperture plate (116) and the first injection device (120) with respect to the central longitudinal axis (102). Burner device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the aperture plate (116, 118), in particular the first aperture plate (116) and / or the second aperture plate (118), comprises two or more segments (172, 174) which are spaced apart from each other with respect to the circumferential direction of the aperture plate (116, 118).Burner device (100) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the first aperture plate (116) is arranged at a distance from the first injection device (120), and that the second aperture plate (118) is arranged at a distance from the second injection device (122). Burner device (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the second aperture openings (148) have at least one, preferably at least two, bulges (186) for section-wise tapering. Burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the flame tube (106) is arranged in a guide tube (110) such that a flow channel (114) is formed between the flame tube (106) and the guide tube (110), through which a portion of the oxidizer can flow.Burner device (100) according to claim 20, characterized in that at least one bypass injection device for injecting fuel is arranged in the flow channel (114) between the flame tube (106) and the guide tube (110). Burner device (100) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that in the flow channel (114) between the flame tube (106) and the... Guide tube (110) at least one further swirl device for swirling the oxidizer is arranged. Burner device (100) according to claim 22, characterized in that the bypass injection device is arranged downstream of the at least one further swirl device with respect to the main flow direction (104). Burner device (100) according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the oxidizer enters the flow channel (114) at a velocity of 50 m / s to 70 m / s, in particular 60 m / s. Use of a burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 24 for the combustion of at least one fuel with at least one oxidizer. Method for operating a burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 24, comprising the following steps: Supply of oxidizer to a burner head (108) to form at least one oxidizer stream; Supplying fuel to an injection device (120, 122) of the burner head (108); and Injection of the fuel by means of the injection device (120, 122) of the burner head (108) into the at least one oxidizer stream. Combustion chamber system with at least one combustion chamber and at least one burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the burner device (100) is connected to a base of the combustion chamber at its outer circumference. Combustion chamber system with at least one combustion chamber and at least one burner device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the burner device (100) is inserted into the combustion chamber and mounted outside the combustion chamber, wherein a flow channel is formed between the outer circumference of the burner device (100) and the combustion chamber, through which a portion of the oxidizer can flow.

29. Thermal exhaust gas purification system with a burner device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 24.

Images