Spreader for applying spreadable material, and spreader chute
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2023724694
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-05-13
- Filing Date
- 2023-05-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing grit chutes experience significant deviations in spread patterns and clogging issues due to varying grit quantities, particularly with small amounts, leading to inconsistent distribution and blockages.
A grit chute design with a separating body that divides the grit flow into two partial streams, allowing for precise application of different quantities to a spreading disc, reducing clogging by adjusting the flow paths and incorporating features like chute jumps and overflow saddles to manage excess material.
Ensures consistent grit distribution independent of quantity, minimizing clogging and maintaining intended spread patterns even with varying amounts of grit, enhancing the reliability of the spreading process.
Smart Images
Figure 1.1
Abstract
Description
[0001] Spreader for spreading grit and spreading chute
[0002] Description
[0003] The invention relates to a grit chute according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a feeding system for grit according to the preamble of patent claim 12 and a spreading machine for spreading grit according to the preamble of patent claim 14.
[0004] Grit chutes for directing grit towards a spreading disc are used, for example, in spreader machines in which the grit is conveyed from a storage container towards the spreading discs via a belt floor or other conveyor device. In conventional grit chutes, the point of impact of the grit on the spreading disc depends considerably on the current feed rate of grit. With small feed rates, the point of impact of the grit on the spreading disc differs from the point of impact with large feed rates. A change in the feed rate therefore leads to a change in the grit distribution. In particular, small feed rates have previously led to a significant deviation in the impact area and thus to a significant change in the spread pattern.
[0005] In some grit chutes, blockages also form along the conveying path when large quantities are fed in, especially when a cross plate is used to separate the quantities.
[0006] The object underlying the invention is therefore to be able to ensure an intended distribution of the grit even with a varying amount of grit, whereby blockages or other blockages along the grit chute are to be avoided.
[0007] The object is achieved by a grit chute of the type mentioned at the outset, wherein the grit chute according to the invention has a separating body which separates a first grit path from a second grit path, so that the grit fed onto at least one of the guide surfaces in the feed area is divided at least temporarily during the movement in the direction of the spreading disc into a first grit partial flow which moves along the first grit path, and a second grit partial flow which is delimited from the first grit partial flow by the separating body and moves along the second grit path.
[0008] By dividing the applied spreading material into two partial streams, different amounts of spreading material can be precisely applied to a spreading disc, allowing the desired spreading pattern to be achieved essentially independent of the quantity. Furthermore, dividing the spreading material into two partial streams significantly reduces the tendency for clogging.
[0009] The first spreading material path and the second spreading material path can have different lengths, resulting in sliding distances of different lengths along the spreading material chute. The spreading material fed onto the spreading material chute in a first section of the feeding area preferably moves along the first spreading material path. The spreading material fed onto the spreading material chute in a second section of the feeding area preferably moves along the second spreading material path. One section of the feeding area is located further outwards in relation to the spreader than another section of the feeding area. This results in an outer section of the feeding area and an inner section of the feeding area.
[0010] One of the spreading material sub-streams may be larger than the other. In particular, the mass flow, for example in kg / s, of one spreading material sub-stream is greater than the mass flow of the other spreading material sub-stream. One spreading material sub-stream may be a main spreading material stream, and the other spreading material sub-stream may be a secondary spreading material stream.
[0011] The spreading material can be granular or granular. The spreading material can be fertilizer. The fertilizer can include fertilizer granules.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the grit chute according to the invention, the separating body is arranged such that the first grit partial flow and the second grit partial flow separated from the first grit partial flow are adjusted independently of the amount of grit applied to the feed area. Thus, it is not necessary for a grit overflow to occur in an overflow area of the grit chute in order to create two separate grit partial flows. The two grit partial flows are thus independent of the feed amount.
[0013] In another preferred embodiment of the grit chute according to the invention, the separating body is designed as a separating web, wherein the separating web preferably stands upright on a guide surface. The separating web can have one or more bends over which the grit flowing along the separating web is guided. Alternatively or additionally, the separating web can be designed in the shape of an arc and / or a circular segment, wherein a longitudinal direction of the separating web preferably runs at least substantially corresponding to and / or parallel to the grit paths. The separating web is particularly preferably arranged such that one of the grit partial streams is conveyed along the inside of the separating web and the other grit partial stream is conveyed along the outside of the separating web. The separating web can be rounded at the front or have a separating tip so that no foreign bodies, for example clods, or grit get stuck on the front of the separating web.
[0014] In a further development of the grit chute according to the invention, one or more guide surfaces form a chute ramp, with the first grit path or the second grit path running over the chute ramp. Preferably, the other grit path does not run over the chute ramp. The one or more guide surfaces of the chute ramp are elevated compared to other guide surfaces that run beyond the chute ramp. The chute ramp ensures that partial grit streams are conveyed along different height levels within the grit chute.
[0015] Furthermore, a grit chute according to the invention with an overflow saddle is advantageous, which is arranged in an overflow area on or on a guide surface and provides an overflow path for the grit. An overflow flow of grit forming from the first or second grit partial flow can be directed onto the overflow path in the direction of the spreading disc. When a flow overflow height is exceeded, an overflow occurs at the overflow saddle. The grit moving below the flow overflow height does not reach the overflow path of the overflow saddle. The grit moving above the flow overflow height does reach the overflow path of the overflow saddle. With large quantities of grit, the overflow saddle therefore ensures that another grit partial flow, namely the overflow flow, is branched off.
[0016] In a further development of the grit chute according to the invention, the overflow saddle is located on the chute ramp. The overflow saddle thus enables the grit flow along a further height level along the grit chute. One grit stream flows beyond the chute ramp, and two grit streams flow over the chute ramp, with one overflow stream flowing over the overflow saddle on the chute ramp.
[0017] Furthermore, a grit chute according to the invention is advantageous in which the guide surfaces are designed to guide the grit to a chute opening of the grit chute, via which the grit leaves the chute in the direction of the spreading disc, wherein the feed area of the grit onto the grit chute is preferably located on a first side of the chute opening and at least one circulation path of the grit leads to a guide surface which is located on a second side of the chute opening. Preferably, the second side of the chute opening is arranged opposite the first side of the chute opening. Preferably, the first side of the chute opening is the front side with respect to the direction of travel. Preferably, the first side of the chute opening faces the conveyor device. Preferably, the second side of the chute opening is the rear side with respect to the direction of travel.Preferably, the second side of the chute opening faces away from the conveyor device.
[0018] The grit chute according to the invention is further advantageously developed in that the circulation path is part of the overflow path or the overflow path merges into the circulation path. With large quantities of grit, the grit overflows at the overflow saddle and then reaches the circulation path. With small quantities of grit, there is no overflow at the overflow saddle, so no grit reaches the circulation path.
[0019] In another preferred embodiment, the grit chute has a contact bevel designed to prevent grit fed onto the grit chute from falling through the chute opening without contacting a guide surface. This prevents grit from being fed directly onto the spreading disc without contact with the chute. This ensures that the entire quantity of grit delivered toward the grit chute is guided over the guide surfaces of the grit chute in the intended manner.
[0020] In a further preferred embodiment of the grit chute according to the invention, one or more guide elements are arranged on at least one of the guide surfaces, which are designed to deflect the grit flowing along the guide surface. The guide elements can be elevations in the guide surface. The guide elements are preferably elongated. The guide elements can be guide webs or guide rods. The guide elements are preferably arranged in the feed area or in the immediate vicinity of the feed area. The guide elements preferably have a height and / or a geometry that allows the grit to flow over. Alternatively or additionally, the guide elements can also be, for example, vertical or perpendicular walls of at least one grit channel embossed or molded into a guide surface.
[0021] Furthermore, a grit chute according to the invention is preferred in which the guide elements extend along a longitudinal axis, and the longitudinal axes extend substantially in the direction of the grit path leading to the chute ramp. Preferably, several guide elements run parallel to one another. Alternatively or additionally, guide elements can also run at an angle to one another. The guide elements preferably deflect the grit toward the chute ramp.
[0022] The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a feeding system of the type mentioned above, wherein the grit chute of the feeding system according to the invention is designed according to one of the embodiments described above. Regarding the advantages and modifications of the feeding system according to the invention, reference is first made to the advantages and modifications of the grit chute according to the invention.
[0023] The actuator preferably has a downwardly inclined discharge surface with a discharge edge, wherein the spreading material leaving the discharge surface via the discharge edge falls onto the spreading disc. By moving the actuator, the orientation and / or position of the discharge surface and its discharge edge relative to the spreading disc can be changed, so that the discharge point and / or the discharge direction of the spreading material towards the spreading disc, and thus also the point of impact of the spreading material on the spreading disc, can be adjusted by moving the actuator. By moving the actuator, the spreading pattern can thus be changed.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the feeding system according to the invention, the actuating element is designed as a rotatable and / or displaceable hopper tip. The hopper tip can be displaceable parallel and / or transversely to a direction of travel of the spreader. The hopper tip can be designed to be translationally displaceable and / or rotatable relative to the spreading disc and / or the spreading material chute. By rotating the hopper tip, the orientation and position of the discharge surface and its discharge edge are changed, resulting in a change in the point of impact of the spreading material on the spreading disc. By displacing the hopper tip, the position of the discharge surface and its discharge edge are changed, resulting in a change in the point of impact of the spreading material on the spreading disc.
[0025] The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a spreader of the type mentioned above, wherein the grit chute of the spreader according to the invention is designed according to one of the embodiments described above or is a component of a feed system according to one of the embodiments described above. Regarding the advantages and modifications of the spreader according to the invention, reference is made to the advantages and modifications of the grit chute according to the invention and the advantages and modifications of the feed system according to the invention. The conveying device of the spreader can, for example, be a conveyor belt.
[0026] Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained and described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0027] Fig. 1 shows a dispensing system according to the invention with two grit chutes at the beginning of a grit application in a schematic representation;
[0028] Fig. 2 the grit chutes of the feeding system shown in Fig. 1 during a grit feeding process that has already been going on for some time;
[0029] Fig. 3 shows spreading material paths along a spreading material chute according to the invention during the application of a comparatively large amount of spreading material;
[0030] Fig. 4 shows the development of partial streams of grit along a grit chute according to the invention at the beginning of the application of a comparatively large quantity of grit in a schematic view from the rear;
[0031] Fig. 5 shows the task situation shown in Fig. 4 in a schematic plan view;
[0032] Fig. 6 shows a division of the spreading material partial flows following the feed situation shown in Fig. 4 in a schematic view from the rear;
[0033] Fig. 7 shows the task situation shown in Fig. 6 in a schematic plan view;
[0034] Fig. 8 shows a schematic rear view of the distribution of the spreading material partial streams following the feed situation shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 9 shows the feed situation shown in Fig. 8 in a schematic top view;
[0035] Fig. 10 shows spreading material paths along a spreading material chute according to the invention during the application of a comparatively small amount of spreading material;
[0036] Fig. 11 shows the development of partial streams of grit along a grit chute according to the invention at the beginning of the application of a comparatively small amount of grit in a schematic plan view;
[0037] Fig. 12 shows a division of the spreading material partial flows following the feed situation shown in Fig. 11 in a schematic plan view;
[0038] Fig. 13 shows a top view of the distribution of the spreading material partial flows following the feed situation shown in Fig. 12;
[0039] Fig. 14 shows a spreading material path through an actuator in a first operating position of the actuator;
[0040] Fig. 15 shows a spreading material path through the actuator shown in Fig. 14 in a second operating position of the actuator; and
[0041] Fig. 16 shows a spreading material path through the actuator shown in Fig. 14 in a third operating position of the actuator.
[0042] Fig. 1 shows a feeding system 100 for spreading material S. The feeding system 100 is a component of a spreading machine designed as a fertilizer spreader, by means of which spreading material S, in this case fertilizer, can be spread on an agricultural area.
[0043] The feeding system 100 comprises a conveyor device 102, by means of which grit S can be fed from a storage container of the spreader onto two grit chutes 10a, 10b. The conveyor device 102 is a belt-type floor, i.e., comprises a driven conveyor belt. The grit chutes 10a, 10b are arranged laterally next to one another, with grit chute 10a being located on the left and grit chute 10b on the right.
[0044] The grit S conveyed via the conveyor device 102 falls into the grit chutes 10a, 10b due to gravity in the area of a belt deflection. The grit S falls into the feed areas 12a, 12b of the grit chutes 10a, 10b. The grit S fed onto the grit chutes 10a, 10b leaves the grit chutes 10a, 10b via chute openings 14a, 14b in the direction of spreading discs 106a, 106b of the spreader.
[0045] Below the grit chutes 10a, 10b, actuators 104a, 104b of the feed system 100 are arranged, which are movable relative to the grit chutes. The discharge point and discharge direction of the grit S toward the spreading discs 106a, 106b can be adjusted by moving the actuators 104a, 104b. The actuators 104a, 104b are designed as movable hopper tips. The impact area of the grit S on the spreading discs 106a, 106b can be adjusted by rotating the actuators 104a, 104b designed as hopper tips, thus changing the spreading pattern.
[0046] The spreading material S guided over the spreading material chute 10a falls onto the spreading disc 106a. The spreading material S guided over the spreading material chute 10b falls onto the spreading disc 106b. The spreading discs 106a, 106b are rotationally driven and throw the applied spreading material S backwards for application onto an agricultural field.
[0047] The grit chutes 10a, 10b have a plurality of guide surfaces 16a, 16b, which extend from the respective feed area 12a, 12b for the grit S in the direction of the chute openings 14a, 14b.
[0048] The grit chutes 10a, 10b each have two parallel guide elements 18a, 18b, which are designed to deflect the grit S fed onto the grit chutes 10a, 10b, which flows along the guide surfaces 16a, 16b. The guide elements 18a, 18b are elongated guide webs arranged in the immediate vicinity of the feed areas 12a, 12b. The grit chutes 10a, 10b each further have a separating body 20a, 20b, wherein the separating bodies 20a, 20b are designed to divide the grit S fed onto the grit chutes 10a, 10b into two partial grit streams TS1, TS2. The separating elements 20a, 20b are arranged such that the two partial grit streams TS1, TS2 are adjusted independently of the quantity of grit applied to the respective feed area 12a, 12b. The separating elements 20a, 20b are designed as separating webs that stand upright on the guide surfaces 16a, 16b.The separating bodies 20a, 20b designed as separating webs have several kinks over which the grit S flowing along the separating web is guided.
[0049] Fig. 2 shows that the guide elements 18a, 18b each have a height and geometry which allow the spreading material S to flow over them.
[0050] The grit chutes 10a, 10b further have lateral contact edges 22a, 22b, which prevent grit S fed onto the respective grit chute 10a, 10b from falling through the respective chute opening 14a, 14b without contact with a guide surface 16a, 16b. Direct grit feeding onto the spreading discs 16a, 16b without contact with the chute is thus avoided.
[0051] Fig. 3 shows the resulting grit paths SGP1, SGP2, UEP, UMP on the grit chute 10a when a comparatively large amount of grit S is applied.
[0052] The grit S is fed into a feed area 12a onto the grit chute 10a. The feed area 12a comprises two sections 24a, 24b. The grit S fed into the first section 24a of the feed area 12a onto the grit chute 10a moves along the first grit path SGP1. The grit S fed into the second section 24b of the feed area 12a onto the grit chute 10a moves along the second grit path SGP2.The separating body 20a separates the first spreading material path SGP1 from the second spreading material path SGP2, so that the spreading material S fed onto the guide surfaces 16a in the feed area 12a is temporarily divided during the movement in the direction of the spreading disc 106a into a first spreading material flow TS1, which moves along the first spreading material path SGP1, and into a second spreading material partial flow TS2, which is delimited from the first spreading material partial flow TS1 by the separating body 20a and moves along the second spreading material path SGP2.
[0053] The guide surfaces 28a, 32a of the grit chute 10a form a chute ramp 26a. The second grit path SGP2 runs over the chute ramp 26a. The guide surface 28a of the chute ramp 26a is elevated compared to other guide surfaces 16a of the grit chute 10a, which run beyond the chute ramp 26a. By means of the chute ramp 26a, the grit partial flow TS2 is guided in sections along a higher level than the grit partial flow TS1.
[0054] On the chute ramp 26a there is an overflow saddle 30a which is arranged in an overflow area on the guide surface 28a and provides an overflow path UEP for the spreading material S, on which an overflow flow US of spreading material S forming from the second partial flow TS2 can be guided in the direction of the spreading disc 106a.
[0055] The grit S flowing over the overflow saddle enters a circulation path UMP, which leads to the guide surface 34a. The guide surface 34a is arranged on the side of the chute opening 14a opposite the feed area 12a.
[0056] Fig. 4 to 9 show the formation of the spreading material partial flows TS1, TS2, US when a comparatively large amount of spreading material is fed onto the spreading material chute 10a.
[0057] Figs. 4 and 5 show a situation that arises at the beginning of the feeding of a comparatively large quantity of grit onto the grit chute 10a. The grit S fed onto the guide surface 16a is partially deflected by the guide elements 18a toward the chute ramp 26a. The undeflected portion of the grit S forms a first grit partial flow TS1 immediately at the beginning of the grit feeding.
[0058] Figures 6 and 7 show that the grit S deflected by the guide elements 18a partially reaches the chute ramp 26a and forms a second grit partial stream TS2. The grit partial streams TS1 and TS2 are separated from each other by the separating body 20a, which is designed as a separating web.
[0059] Figs. 8 and 9 show that an overflow flow US forms from the second partial flow TS2 in the area of the overflow saddle 30a. The overflow flow US forms when a flow overflow height of grit S is exceeded in the area of the overflow saddle 30a. The flow overflow height corresponds to the saddle height of the overflow saddle 30a. The grit S moving below the flow overflow height does not reach the overflow path UEP of the overflow saddle 30a. The grit S moving above the flow overflow height does reach the overflow path UEP of the overflow saddle 30a.
[0060] A portion of the overflow stream US continues to circulate around the chute opening 14a and reaches the guide surface 34a, which is arranged on the side of the chute opening 14a opposite the feed area 12a. The resulting partial spreading material streams TS1, TS2, US, which move along the spreading material paths SGP1, SGP2, UEP, UMP, enable a quantity-effect-free feeding of the actuator 104a.
[0061] Fig. 10 shows the spreading material paths SGP1, SGP2, along which the spreading material S moves with a comparatively small amount of spreading material S.
[0062] The separating body 20a is arranged such that a partial grit stream TS1 following the grit path SP1 and a partial grit stream TS2 following the grit path SGP2 are established independently of the grit quantity fed into the feed area 12a. However, with a low feed quantity of grit S, the grit quantity of the partial grit stream TS2 flowing along the grit path SGP2 is insufficient for an overflow at the overflow saddle 30a. Thus, no grit S reaches the guide surface 32a on the overflow saddle 30a. The partial grit stream TS2 following the grit path SGP2 is therefore not divided again on the chute ramp 26a.
[0063] Figs. 11 to 13 show the development of the spreading material partial flows TS1, TS2 on the spreading material chute 10a. Fig. 11 shows that a portion of the applied spreading material S is deflected by the guide elements 18a in the direction of the spreading material chute 26a.
[0064] As can be seen from Fig. 12, partial streams of spreading material TS1, TS2, which are separated from one another by the separating body 20a, are formed even when a comparatively small amount of spreading material S is added.
[0065] As shown in Fig. 13, with the shown feed quantity of spreading material S, a small partial flow of spreading material is formed, which follows the overflow path UEP on the overflow saddle.
[0066] Figs. 14 to 16 show that the actuator 104a has a downwardly inclined discharge surface 110 with a discharge edge 112. The spreading material S leaving the discharge surface 110 via the discharge edge 112 falls due to gravity onto the spreading disc 106a. By rotating the actuator 104a, the orientation of the discharge surface 110 and its discharge edge 112 relative to the spreading disc 106a can be changed, so that the discharge point and the discharge direction of the spreading material S in the direction of the spreading disc 106a and thus also the point of impact of the spreading material S on the spreading disc 106a can be adjusted by rotating the actuator 104a.
[0067] Figs. 14 to 16 show different angle positions of the actuator 104a. The figures also show that a nose 108a on the discharge surface 110 of the actuator 104a ensures, regardless of the angular position of the actuator 104a, that the spreading material S is discharged in a concentrated manner at the lateral edge of the discharge surface 110 of the actuator 104a via the discharge edge 112 in the direction of the spreading disc 106a. In this way, even small quantities of spreading material have the necessary spread to achieve the desired spreading pattern without any quantity effects.
[0068] 10a, 10b Grit chutes
[0069] 12a, 12b Task areas
[0070] 14a, 14b Slide opening
[0071] 16a, 16b Guide surfaces
[0072] 18a, 18b Guide elements
[0073] 20a, 20b separator
[0074] 22a, 22b Contact bends
[0075] 24a, 24b sections
[0076] 26a Slide
[0077] 28a Guide surface
[0078] 30a overflow saddle
[0079] 32a Guide surface
[0080] 34a Guide surface
[0081] 100 feeding system
[0082] 102 Conveyor system
[0083] 104a ,104b Control organs
[0084] 106a, 106b Diffusers
[0085] 108a Nose
[0086] 110 delivery area
[0087] 112 Delivery edge
[0088] S Grit
[0089] SGP1, SGP2 grit paths
[0090] TS1, TS2 partial grit streams
[0091] UEP overflow path
[0092] UMP circulation path
[0093] US overflow stream
Claims
[Patent claims] Spreading material chute (10a, 10b) for guiding spreading material (S) towards a spreading disc (106a, 106b) of a spreading machine, with several guide surfaces (16a, 16b, 28a, 32a, 34a) which extend from a feed area (12a, 12b) for the spreading material (S) towards the spreading disc (106a, 106b); characterized by a separating body (20a, 20b) which separates a first spreading material path (SGP1) from a second spreading material path (SGP2), such that the spreading material (S) applied in the application area (12a, 12b) onto at least one of the guide surfaces (16a, 16b, 28a, 32a, 34a) splits at least temporarily during its movement towards the spreading disc (106a, 106b) into a first spreading material partial stream (TS1) which moves along the first spreading material path (SGP1) and into a second spreading material partial stream (TS2) which is separated from the first spreading material partial stream (TS1) by the separating body (20a, 20b) and moves along the second spreading material path (SGP2).A grit chute (10a, 10b) according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating element (20a, 20b) is arranged such that the first grit partial flow (TS1) and the second grit partial flow (TS2), which is separated from the first grit partial flow (TS1), adjust themselves independently of the amount of grit applied to the feed area (12a, 12b). A grit chute (10a, 10b) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating element (20a, 20b) is designed as a separating web, which preferably stands upright on a guide surface (16a, 16b, 28a, 32a, 34a). Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more guide surfaces (28a, 32a) form a chute ramp (26a), wherein the first grit path (SGP1). or the second grit path (SGP2) runs over the chute ramp (26a). Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an overflow saddle (30a) which is arranged in an overflow area on or at a guide surface (28a) and provides an overflow path (UEP) for the grit (S), onto which an overflow flow (US) of grit (S) forming from the first or the second grit partial flow (TS2) can be directed towards the spreading disc (106a, 106b). Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the overflow saddle (30a) is located on the chute ramp (26a).Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide surfaces (16a, 16b, 28a, 32a, 34a) are configured to guide the grit (S) to a chute opening (14a, 14b) of the grit chute (10a, 10b), through which the grit (S) leaves the grit chute (10a, 10b) in the direction of the spreading disc (106a, 106b), wherein the feed area (12a, 12b) of the grit (S) onto the grit chute (10a, 10b) is preferably located on a first side of the chute opening (14a, 14b) and at least one circulation path (UMP) of the grit (S) leads to a guide surface (34a) which is located on a second side of the chute opening (14a, 14b). is located. Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to claim 7, characterized in that the circulation path (UMP) is part of the overflow path (UEP) or the overflow path (UEP) transitions into the circulation path (UMP).Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by a contact flange (22a, 22b) which is designed to prevent material from falling through onto the grit chute (10a, 10b). to prevent the discharged grit (S) from passing through the chute opening (14a, 14b) without contact with a guide surface (16a, 16b, 28a, 32a, 34a). Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least on one of the guide surfaces (16a, 16b) one or more guide elements (18a, 18b) are arranged, which are configured to deflect the grit (S) flowing along the guide surface (16a, 16b). Grit chute (10a, 10b) according to claim 10, characterized in that the guide elements (18a, 18b) extend along a longitudinal axis and the longitudinal axes extend substantially in the direction of the grit path (SGP2) leading to the chute ramp (26a).Feed system (100) for spreading material (S), comprising a spreading material chute (10a, 10b) with a chute opening (14a, 14b) through which spreading material (S) fed onto the spreading material chute (10a, 10b) leaves the spreading material chute (10a, 10b) in the direction of a spreading disc (106a, 106b); and an actuating element (104a, 104b) movable relative to the spreading material chute (10a, 10b) below the spreading material chute (10a, 10b), wherein the discharge point and / or the discharge direction of the spreading material (S) in the direction of the spreading disc (106a, 106b) is adjustable by a movement of the actuating element (104a, 104b), characterized in that the spreading material chute (10a, 10b) is designed according to one of the preceding claims. Feed system (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuating element (104a, 104b) is designed as a rotatable and / or displaceable funnel tip. Spreading machine for distributing spreading material (S), with a storage container for spreading material (S). at least one rotatably driven spreading disc (106a, 106b); a spreading material chute (10a, 10b) for guiding spreading material (S) towards the spreading disc (106a, 106b); a conveying device (102) for conveying spreading material (S) onto the spreading material chute (10a, 10b); characterized in that the spreading material chute (10a, 10b) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 11 or is part of a feed system (100) according to claim 12 or 13.