Concentrated fabric conditioner

Abstract

A concentrated fabric conditioner composition comprising 30 to 90 wt.% fabric softening active blend, wherein the fabric softening active blend comprises; a) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains; and b) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains; wherein the ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:4 to 3:7.

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention is in the field of concentrated fabric conditioners.Background of the Invention

[0002] Concentrated fabric conditioners are fabric conditioners containing high levels of fabric softening actives. When traditional fabric softening actives such as those derived from palm oil or tallow are used in high concentrations, they cause unacceptable thickening of the formulations, particularly at low temperatures. This creates a problem for supply chains in colder regions of the world. There is a need to formulate concentrated fabric softening compositions with a suitable viscosity at a wide range of temperatures including low temperatures. WO 97 / 34972 A1 relates to clear and concentrated aqueous fabric softening compositions useful for softening clothes. US 5 407 589 A relates to a fabric softening composition for use in the rinse step of a fabric washing process.Summary of the Invention

[0003] It has been found that by using a particular combination of quaternary ammonium compounds having different levels of saturation in their fatty acid chains, a concentrated product can be formed which is liquid at low temperatures.

[0004] Accordingly in one aspect of the present invention is provided a concentrated fabric conditioner composition comprising 30 to 90 wt.% fabric softening active, wherein the fabric softening active comprises; a) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains; and b) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains; wherein the ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:3.75 to 2:7; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water.

[0005] The invention further relates to a method of preparing a fabric conditioner wherein; a) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains; are mixed with; b) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains; in a ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:4 to 2:7 to form a fabric softening blend; the fabric softening blend being further combined with solvents to form a fabric conditioner; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water. the fabric softening blend being further combined with solvents to form a fabric conditioner.Detailed Description of the Invention

[0006] These and other aspects, features and advantages will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of the following detailed description and the appended claims. For the avoidance of doubt, any feature of one aspect of the present invention may be utilised in any other aspect of the invention. The word "comprising" is intended to mean "including" but not necessarily "consisting of" or "composed of." In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive. It is noted that the examples given in the description below are intended to clarify the invention and are not intended to limit the invention to those examples per se. Similarly, all percentages are weight / weight percentages unless otherwise indicated. Except in the operating and comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and / or use are to be understood as modified by the word "about". Numerical ranges expressed in the format "from x to y" are understood to include x and y. When for a specific feature multiple preferred ranges are described in the format "from x to y", it is understood that all ranges combining the different endpoints are also contemplated.Fabric softening active

[0007] The fabric conditioners described herein comprise a fabric softening active blend. The fabric softening active blend comprises; a) quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains and b) quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains. In other words two different quaternary compounds are present, each compound having different quantities of saturated fatty acid chains. The remaining fatty acid chains are mono-unsaturated, di-unsaturated or poly-unsaturated.

[0008] Quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) are preferably so called "ester quats" or ester linked quaternary ammonium compounds. Particularly preferred materials are the ester-linked triethanolamine (TEA) quaternary ammonium compounds comprising a mixture of mono-, di- and tri-ester linked components.

[0009] Typically, TEA-based fabric softening compounds comprise a mixture of mono, di- and tri ester forms of the compound where the di-ester linked component comprises no more than 70 wt.% of the fabric softening compound, preferably no more than 60 wt.% e.g., no more than 55%, or even no more that 45% of the fabric softening compound and at least 10 wt.% of the monoester linked component.

[0010] A first group of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented by formula (I): wherein each R is independently selected from a C5 to C35 alkyl or alkenyl group; R 1< represents a C1 to C4 alkyl, C2 to C4 alkenyl or a C1 to C4 hydroxyalkyl group; T may be either O-CO. (i.e. an ester group bound to R via its carbon atom), or may alternatively be CO-O (i.e. an ester group bound to R via its oxygen atom); n is a number selected from 1 to 4; m is a number selected from 1, 2, or 3; and X- is an anionic counter-ion, such as a halide or alkyl sulphate, e.g. chloride or methylsulfate. Di-esters variants of formula I (i.e., m = 2) are preferred and typically have mono- and tri-ester analogues associated with them. Such materials are particularly suitable for use in the present invention.

[0011] Also suitable are actives rich in the di-esters of triethanolammonium methylsulfate, otherwise referred to as "TEA ester quats".

[0012] A second group of QACs suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented by formula (II): wherein each R 1< group is independently selected from C1 to C4 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or C2 to C4 alkenyl groups; and wherein each R 2< group is independently selected from C8 to C28 alkyl or alkenyl groups; and wherein n, T, and X- are as defined above.

[0013] A third group of QACs suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented by formula (III):         (R 1< ) 2 -N*-[(CH 2 ) n -T-R 2< ] 2 X -<      (III) wherein each R 1< group is independently selected from C1 to C4 alkyl, or C2 to C4 alkenyl groups; and wherein each R 2< group is independently selected from C8 to C28 alkyl or alkenyl groups; and n, T, and X- are as defined above.

[0014] A particular example of the third group of QACs suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented the by the formula (IV):

[0015] A fourth group of QACs suitable for use in the invention are represented by formula (V)

[0016] R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from C10 to C22 alkyl or alkenyl groups, preferably C14 to C20 alkyl or alkenyl groups. X- is as defined above.

[0017] A further type of softening compound may be a non-ester quaternary ammonium material represented by formula (VI): wherein each R 1< group is independently selected from C1 to C4 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or C2 to C4 alkenyl groups; R 2< group is independently selected from C8 to C28 alkyl or alkenyl groups, and X- is as defined above.

[0018] The fabric softening active blend comprises a) quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains by total number of fatty acid chains, preferably 40 to 95 % saturated and most preferably 50 to 90 % saturated. The fatty chains may be derived from any suitable source; however plant or tallow oils are preferred. Particularly preferred are fatty chains derived from tallow and / or palm oil.

[0019] Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds include: Di-palmoxyethyl Hydroxyethyl Methyl Ammonium Methyl sulphate 1,2 bis[tallowoyloxy]-3- trimethylammonium propane chloride, 1,2 bis[hardened tallowoyloxy]-3- trimethylammonium propane chloride, bis(2-tallowoyloxyethyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride.

[0020] The fabric softening active blend comprises b) quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains by total number of fatty acid chains, preferably 0 to 10%, more preferably 0 to 5%. The fatty acid chains may be any fatty acids, however particularly preferred are C16 or C18 fatty acids, for example palmitoleic or oleic fatty acids, most preferably the fatty acid chains are oleic acid. Preferably the b) quaternary ammonium compounds comprise 80 to 100 % monounsaturated fatty acid chains by total number of fatty acid chains, more preferably 90 to 100 % monounsaturated fatty acid chains.

[0021] The ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:3.75 to 2:7, preferably 6.25:3.75 to 3:7, preferably 6:4 to 3:7. These ratios allow a liquid product at low temperatures without unsatisfactory levels of oxidation of any perfume present in the formulation.

[0022] Preferably the fabric conditioners of the present invention comprise more than 30 wt. % fabric softening active blend, more preferably more than 35 wt. % fabric softening active blend, most preferably more than 40 wt. % fabric softening active blend by weight of the composition. Preferably the fabric conditioners of the present invention comprise less than 90 wt. % fabric softening active blend, more preferably less than 85 wt. % fabric softening active blend, most preferably less than 80 wt. % fabric softening active blend by weight of the composition. Suitably the fabric conditioners comprise 30 to 90 wt. % fabric softening active blend, preferably 35 to 85 wt.% fabric softening active blend and more preferably 40 to 80 wt. % fabric softening active blend by weight of the composition.Solvents

[0023] The compositions descried herein preferably comprise a solvent. The solvent is preferably an organic solvent.

[0024] Preferred organic solvents are selected form hydrocarbons, aromatic alcohols and combinations thereof. The solvent may comprise a mixture of suitable solvents. Particularly preferred hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons with a carbon chain comprising from 5 to 19 carbons, more preferably 12 to 18 carbons. The hydrocarbons may be straight chain or branched, preferably straight chain. A particularly preferred aromatic alcohol is benzyl alcohol.

[0025] Preferably the composition comprises 5 to 80 wt. % of the solvent described herein. More preferably 10 to 65 wt. % solvent and most preferably 15 to 50 wt. % solvent by weight of the composition.Perfumes

[0026] The compositions as described herein preferably comprise perfume. Where present, the compositions preferably comprise 0.1 to 30 wt. % perfume, i.e. free perfume and / or perfume microcapsules. As is known in the art, free perfumes and perfume microcapsules provide the consumer with perfume hits at different points during the laundry process. It is particularly preferred that the compositions of the present invention comprise a combination of both free perfume and perfume microcapsules.

[0027] Preferably the compositions of the present invention comprise 0.5 to 30 wt.% perfume materials, more preferably 1 to 20 wt.% perfume materials, most preferably 1 to 15 wt. % perfume materials.

[0028] Useful perfume components may include materials of both natural and synthetic origin. They include single compounds and mixtures. Specific examples of such components may be found in the current literature, e.g., in Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, 1975, CRC Press; Synthetic Food Adjuncts, 1947 by M. B. Jacobs, edited by Van Nostrand; or Perfume and Flavor Chemicals by S. Arctander 1969, Montclair, N.J. (USA). These substances are well known to the person skilled in the art of perfuming, flavouring, and / or aromatizing consumer products.

[0029] The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise 0.5 to 20 wt.% free perfume, more preferably 0.5 to 12 wt. % free perfume.

[0030] Particularly preferred perfume components are blooming perfume components and substantive perfume components. Blooming perfume components are defined by a boiling point less than 250°C and a LogP or greater than 2.5. Substantive perfume components are defined by a boiling point greater than 250°C and a LogP greater than 2.5. Boiling point is measured at standard pressure (760 mm Hg). Preferably a perfume composition will comprise a mixture of blooming and substantive perfume components. The perfume composition may comprise other perfume components.

[0031] It is commonplace for a plurality of perfume components to be present in a free oil perfume composition. In the compositions for use in the present invention it is envisaged that there will be three or more, preferably four or more, more preferably five or more, most preferably six or more different perfume components. An upper limit of 300 perfume components may be applied.

[0032] The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise 0.5 to 20 wt.% perfume microcapsules, more preferably 0.5 to 12 wt. % perfume microcapsules. The weight of microcapsules is of the material as supplied.

[0033] When perfume components are encapsulated, suitable encapsulating materials, may comprise, but are not limited to; aminoplasts, proteins, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polysaccharides, polyamides, polyolefins, gums, silicones, lipids, modified cellulose, polyphosphate, polystyrene, polyesters or combinations thereof. Particularly preferred materials are aminoplast microcapsules, such as melamine formaldehyde or urea formaldehyde microcapsules.

[0034] Perfume microcapsules of the present invention can be friable microcapsules and / or moisture activated microcapsules. By friable, it is meant that the perfume microcapsule will rupture when a force is exerted. By moisture activated, it is meant that the perfume is released in the presence of water. The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise friable microcapsules. Moisture activated microcapsules may additionally be present. Examples of a microcapsules which can be friable include aminoplast microcapsules.

[0035] Perfume components contained in a microcapsule may comprise odiferous materials and / or pro-fragrance materials.

[0036] Particularly preferred perfume components contained in a microcapsule are blooming perfume components and substantive perfume components. Blooming perfume components are defined by a boiling point less than 250°C and a LogP greater than 2.5. Preferably the encapsulated perfume compositions comprises at least 20 wt.% blooming perfume ingredients, more preferably at least 30 wt.% and most preferably at least 40 wt.% blooming perfume ingredients. Substantive perfume components are defined by a boiling point greater than 250°C and a LogP greater than 2.5. Preferably the encapsulated perfume compositions comprises at least 10 wt.% substantive perfume ingredients, more preferably at least 20 wt.% and most preferably at least 30 wt.% substantive perfume ingredients. Boiling point is measured at standard pressure (760 mm Hg). Preferably a perfume composition will comprise a mixture of blooming and substantive perfume components. The perfume composition may comprise other perfume components.

[0037] It is commonplace for a plurality of perfume components to be present in a microcapsule. In the compositions for use in the present invention it is envisaged that there will be three or more, preferably four or more, more preferably five or more, most preferably six or more different perfume components in a microcapsule. An upper limit of 300 perfume components may be applied.

[0038] The microcapsules may comprise perfume components and a carrier for the perfume ingredients, such as zeolites or cyclodextrins.Other ingredients

[0039] The compositions for use as described herein may comprise other ingredients of fabric conditioner liquids as will be known to the person skilled in the art. Among such materials there may be mentioned: antifoams, insect repellents, shading or hueing dyes, preservatives (e.g. bactericides), anti-viral agents, pH buffering agents, perfume carriers, hydrotropes, antiredeposition agents, soil-release agents, polyelectrolytes, anti-shrinking agents, anti-wrinkle agents, anti-oxidants, dyes, colorants, sunscreens, anti-corrosion agents, drape imparting agents, anti-static agents, sequestrants and ironing aids. The products of the invention may contain pearlisers and / or opacifiers. A preferred sequestrant is HEDP, an abbreviation for Etidronic acid or 1-hydroxyethane 1,1-diphosphonic acid.

[0040] The compositions are non-aqueous, however some water may be present. The compositions comprise less than 10 wt. % water and most preferably, less than 5 wt. % water.Method of preparation

[0041] In one aspect of the present invention is provided a method of preparing a fabric conditioner wherein quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains are mixed with quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains in a ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:4 to 2:7 to form a fabric softening blend; the fabric softening blend being further combined with solvents to form a fabric conditioner; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water. By preparing this blend of fabric softening actives the concentrated fabric conditioner remains liquid at low temperatures.

[0042] The compositions described herein are preferably manufactured by melting the ester linked quaternary ammonium compounds in the presence of a solvent. The ester linked quaternary ammonium compound and solvent are preferably heated to a temperature above 45°C, more preferably above 50°C and most preferably about 55°C. Any perfume ingredients or other ingredients present in the final composition may be added at any stage; before heating, or while at the raised temperature, or after the composition has cooled down.Use of the compositions

[0043] The compositions described herein are preferably used in the rinse stage of the laundry process. They may be used in their concentrated form and dosed into the laundry process. The composition may be dosed into the laundry process using a measuring cap, a pipet, a dropper or any other suitable dosing means. Preferably the composition is dosed into the rinse stage of the laundry process.

[0044] Preferably the concentrated compositions described herein may be used in unit dose capsules or in a dilute at home product.

[0045] If used in a unit dose capsule, the composition described herein may be packaged as a unit dose in polymeric film soluble in water. Preferably 2 to 15 ml are enclosed in a polymeric film.

[0046] If used in a dilute at home product, this means that the composition is sold to the consumer in a concentrated format (as described herein) and the consumer dilutes the product at home. The dilution is with water. For example, the consumer may pour the concentrated product (as described herein) into a container of water to make a more diluted product. Dilution occurs before the laundry process, in other word before the product is dosed into the washing machine or container in which the consumer is doing their laundry. Dilution allows the consumer to follow their regular dosing habits. If the composition is used in a dilute at home product, preferably the consumer is instructed to dilute using a dilution ratio of non-aqueous concentrated liquid fabric conditioner composition to water of 1:2 to 1:20, more preferably 1:3 to 1:12. The consumer may preferably be instructed the shake before use. This is particularly preferred if perfume microcapsules are present in the composition.

[0047] Diluting with water prior to being added to the laundry process means that before adding the product to the washing machine or the vessel used for hand washing. i.e. the consumer dilutes the product and then adds it to the drum or drawer of a washing machine of the vessel used for hand washing.

[0048] When the composition is in the form of a dilute at home product, it is preferable that the composition further comprises non-ionic surfactant and / or a polymer.ExamplesExample 1

[0049] The effect of mixing two fabric softening actives on formulation pour point was assessed. Table 1: Example formulations and observationsWt. % inclusion A 1 Fabric softening active 1< 6532.5Fabric softening active 2< 032.5Benzyl alcohol1313Solvent 3< 1313Perfume88Minors<1<1Pour point °C174 Fabric softening active 1< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising fatty acid chains derived from palm oil (~ 70% saturated) Fabric softening active 2< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising only oleic acid fatty acid chains (0 % saturated) Solvent 3< - C 13-15 Hydrocarbon

[0050] The compositions were made by co-melting the fabric softening active, benzyl alcohol, solvent and minors at ~65°C. The perfume was added after the composition had cooled.

[0051] The pour point was assessed using ASTM D97.Example 2

[0052] The effect of the mixture of fabric softening actives at different ratios was assessed. Table 2: Example formulations and observationsWt. % inclusion B C D 2 3 4 5 Fabric softening active 1< 45.548.7542.253935.7532.516.25Fabric softening active 2< 19.513.522.752629.252740.5Benzyl alcohol17.514.817.517.517.516.217.5Solvent 3< 17.514.817.517.517.516.217.5Perfume8888888Minors<1<1<1<1<1<1<1Observation at 5°CSolidSolidSolidLiquidLiquidLiquidLiquid

[0053] The compositions were prepared as in Example 1.

[0054] The observations were made using the following protocol: Samples were kept in a refrigerator for 1 day. The samples were then inverted. If the sample flowed, the observation is recorded as liquid. If the sample didn't flow, it is reported as solid.

Examples

example 1

[0049]The effect of mixing two fabric softening actives on formulation pour point was assessed.

Table 1: Example formulations and observations

Wt. % inclusion

A 1

Fabric softening active 16532.5

Fabric softening active 2032.5

Benzyl alcohol1313

Solvent 31313

Perfume88

Minors

Pour point °C174

Fabric softening active 1< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising fatty acid chains derived from palm oil (~ 70% saturated) Fabric softening active 2< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising only oleic acid fatty acid chains (0 % saturated) Solvent 3< - C 13-15 Hydrocarbon

[0050]The compositions were made by co-melting the fabric softening active, benzyl alcohol, solvent and minors at ~65°C. The perfume was added after the composition had cooled.

[0051]The pour point was assessed using ASTM D97.

Example 2

[0052]The effect of the mixture of fabric softening actives at different ratios was assessed.

Table 2: Example formulations and observations

Wt. % in...

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention is in the field of concentrated fabric conditioners.Background of the Invention

[0002] Concentrated fabric conditioners are fabric conditioners containing high levels of fabric softening actives. When traditional fabric softening actives such as those derived from palm oil or tallow are used in high concentrations, they cause unacceptable thickening of the formulations, particularly at low temperatures. This creates a problem for supply chains in colder regions of the world. There is a need to formulate concentrated fabric softening compositions with a suitable viscosity at a wide range of temperatures including low temperatures. WO 97 / 34972 A1 relates to clear and concentrated aqueous fabric softening compositions useful for softening clothes. US 5 407 589 A relates to a fabric softening composition for use in the rinse step of a fabric washing process.Summary of the Invention

[0003] It has been found that by using a particular combination of quaternary ammonium compounds having different levels of saturation in their fatty acid chains, a concentrated product can be formed which is liquid at low temperatures.

[0004] Accordingly in one aspect of the present invention is provided a concentrated fabric conditioner composition comprising 30 to 90 wt.% fabric softening active, wherein the fabric softening active comprises; a) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains; and b) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains; wherein the ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:3.75 to 2:7; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water.

[0005] The invention further relates to a method of preparing a fabric conditioner wherein; a) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains; are mixed with; b) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains; in a ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:4 to 2:7 to form a fabric softening blend; the fabric softening blend being further combined with solvents to form a fabric conditioner; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water. the fabric softening blend being further combined with solvents to form a fabric conditioner.Detailed Description of the Invention

[0006] These and other aspects, features and advantages will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of the following detailed description and the appended claims. For the avoidance of doubt, any feature of one aspect of the present invention may be utilised in any other aspect of the invention. The word "comprising" is intended to mean "including" but not necessarily "consisting of" or "composed of." In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive. It is noted that the examples given in the description below are intended to clarify the invention and are not intended to limit the invention to those examples per se. Similarly, all percentages are weight / weight percentages unless otherwise indicated. Except in the operating and comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and / or use are to be understood as modified by the word "about". Numerical ranges expressed in the format "from x to y" are understood to include x and y. When for a specific feature multiple preferred ranges are described in the format "from x to y", it is understood that all ranges combining the different endpoints are also contemplated.Fabric softening active

[0007] The fabric conditioners described herein comprise a fabric softening active blend. The fabric softening active blend comprises; a) quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains and b) quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains. In other words two different quaternary compounds are present, each compound having different quantities of saturated fatty acid chains. The remaining fatty acid chains are mono-unsaturated, di-unsaturated or poly-unsaturated.

[0008] Quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) are preferably so called "ester quats" or ester linked quaternary ammonium compounds. Particularly preferred materials are the ester-linked triethanolamine (TEA) quaternary ammonium compounds comprising a mixture of mono-, di- and tri-ester linked components.

[0009] Typically, TEA-based fabric softening compounds comprise a mixture of mono, di- and tri ester forms of the compound where the di-ester linked component comprises no more than 70 wt.% of the fabric softening compound, preferably no more than 60 wt.% e.g., no more than 55%, or even no more that 45% of the fabric softening compound and at least 10 wt.% of the monoester linked component.

[0010] A first group of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented by formula (I): wherein each R is independently selected from a C5 to C35 alkyl or alkenyl group; R 1< represents a C1 to C4 alkyl, C2 to C4 alkenyl or a C1 to C4 hydroxyalkyl group; T may be either O-CO. (i.e. an ester group bound to R via its carbon atom), or may alternatively be CO-O (i.e. an ester group bound to R via its oxygen atom); n is a number selected from 1 to 4; m is a number selected from 1, 2, or 3; and X- is an anionic counter-ion, such as a halide or alkyl sulphate, e.g. chloride or methylsulfate. Di-esters variants of formula I (i.e., m = 2) are preferred and typically have mono- and tri-ester analogues associated with them. Such materials are particularly suitable for use in the present invention.

[0011] Also suitable are actives rich in the di-esters of triethanolammonium methylsulfate, otherwise referred to as "TEA ester quats".

[0012] A second group of QACs suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented by formula (II): wherein each R 1< group is independently selected from C1 to C4 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or C2 to C4 alkenyl groups; and wherein each R 2< group is independently selected from C8 to C28 alkyl or alkenyl groups; and wherein n, T, and X- are as defined above.

[0013] A third group of QACs suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented by formula (III):         (R 1< ) 2 -N*-[(CH 2 ) n -T-R 2< ] 2 X -<      (III) wherein each R 1< group is independently selected from C1 to C4 alkyl, or C2 to C4 alkenyl groups; and wherein each R 2< group is independently selected from C8 to C28 alkyl or alkenyl groups; and n, T, and X- are as defined above.

[0014] A particular example of the third group of QACs suitable for use as quaternary ammonium compounds a) and / or b) in the present invention is represented the by the formula (IV):

[0015] A fourth group of QACs suitable for use in the invention are represented by formula (V)

[0016] R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from C10 to C22 alkyl or alkenyl groups, preferably C14 to C20 alkyl or alkenyl groups. X- is as defined above.

[0017] A further type of softening compound may be a non-ester quaternary ammonium material represented by formula (VI): wherein each R 1< group is independently selected from C1 to C4 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or C2 to C4 alkenyl groups; R 2< group is independently selected from C8 to C28 alkyl or alkenyl groups, and X- is as defined above.

[0018] The fabric softening active blend comprises a) quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains by total number of fatty acid chains, preferably 40 to 95 % saturated and most preferably 50 to 90 % saturated. The fatty chains may be derived from any suitable source; however plant or tallow oils are preferred. Particularly preferred are fatty chains derived from tallow and / or palm oil.

[0019] Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds include: Di-palmoxyethyl Hydroxyethyl Methyl Ammonium Methyl sulphate 1,2 bis[tallowoyloxy]-3- trimethylammonium propane chloride, 1,2 bis[hardened tallowoyloxy]-3- trimethylammonium propane chloride, bis(2-tallowoyloxyethyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride.

[0020] The fabric softening active blend comprises b) quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains by total number of fatty acid chains, preferably 0 to 10%, more preferably 0 to 5%. The fatty acid chains may be any fatty acids, however particularly preferred are C16 or C18 fatty acids, for example palmitoleic or oleic fatty acids, most preferably the fatty acid chains are oleic acid. Preferably the b) quaternary ammonium compounds comprise 80 to 100 % monounsaturated fatty acid chains by total number of fatty acid chains, more preferably 90 to 100 % monounsaturated fatty acid chains.

[0021] The ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:3.75 to 2:7, preferably 6.25:3.75 to 3:7, preferably 6:4 to 3:7. These ratios allow a liquid product at low temperatures without unsatisfactory levels of oxidation of any perfume present in the formulation.

[0022] Preferably the fabric conditioners of the present invention comprise more than 30 wt. % fabric softening active blend, more preferably more than 35 wt. % fabric softening active blend, most preferably more than 40 wt. % fabric softening active blend by weight of the composition. Preferably the fabric conditioners of the present invention comprise less than 90 wt. % fabric softening active blend, more preferably less than 85 wt. % fabric softening active blend, most preferably less than 80 wt. % fabric softening active blend by weight of the composition. Suitably the fabric conditioners comprise 30 to 90 wt. % fabric softening active blend, preferably 35 to 85 wt.% fabric softening active blend and more preferably 40 to 80 wt. % fabric softening active blend by weight of the composition.Solvents

[0023] The compositions descried herein preferably comprise a solvent. The solvent is preferably an organic solvent.

[0024] Preferred organic solvents are selected form hydrocarbons, aromatic alcohols and combinations thereof. The solvent may comprise a mixture of suitable solvents. Particularly preferred hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons with a carbon chain comprising from 5 to 19 carbons, more preferably 12 to 18 carbons. The hydrocarbons may be straight chain or branched, preferably straight chain. A particularly preferred aromatic alcohol is benzyl alcohol.

[0025] Preferably the composition comprises 5 to 80 wt. % of the solvent described herein. More preferably 10 to 65 wt. % solvent and most preferably 15 to 50 wt. % solvent by weight of the composition.Perfumes

[0026] The compositions as described herein preferably comprise perfume. Where present, the compositions preferably comprise 0.1 to 30 wt. % perfume, i.e. free perfume and / or perfume microcapsules. As is known in the art, free perfumes and perfume microcapsules provide the consumer with perfume hits at different points during the laundry process. It is particularly preferred that the compositions of the present invention comprise a combination of both free perfume and perfume microcapsules.

[0027] Preferably the compositions of the present invention comprise 0.5 to 30 wt.% perfume materials, more preferably 1 to 20 wt.% perfume materials, most preferably 1 to 15 wt. % perfume materials.

[0028] Useful perfume components may include materials of both natural and synthetic origin. They include single compounds and mixtures. Specific examples of such components may be found in the current literature, e.g., in Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, 1975, CRC Press; Synthetic Food Adjuncts, 1947 by M. B. Jacobs, edited by Van Nostrand; or Perfume and Flavor Chemicals by S. Arctander 1969, Montclair, N.J. (USA). These substances are well known to the person skilled in the art of perfuming, flavouring, and / or aromatizing consumer products.

[0029] The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise 0.5 to 20 wt.% free perfume, more preferably 0.5 to 12 wt. % free perfume.

[0030] Particularly preferred perfume components are blooming perfume components and substantive perfume components. Blooming perfume components are defined by a boiling point less than 250°C and a LogP or greater than 2.5. Substantive perfume components are defined by a boiling point greater than 250°C and a LogP greater than 2.5. Boiling point is measured at standard pressure (760 mm Hg). Preferably a perfume composition will comprise a mixture of blooming and substantive perfume components. The perfume composition may comprise other perfume components.

[0031] It is commonplace for a plurality of perfume components to be present in a free oil perfume composition. In the compositions for use in the present invention it is envisaged that there will be three or more, preferably four or more, more preferably five or more, most preferably six or more different perfume components. An upper limit of 300 perfume components may be applied.

[0032] The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise 0.5 to 20 wt.% perfume microcapsules, more preferably 0.5 to 12 wt. % perfume microcapsules. The weight of microcapsules is of the material as supplied.

[0033] When perfume components are encapsulated, suitable encapsulating materials, may comprise, but are not limited to; aminoplasts, proteins, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polysaccharides, polyamides, polyolefins, gums, silicones, lipids, modified cellulose, polyphosphate, polystyrene, polyesters or combinations thereof. Particularly preferred materials are aminoplast microcapsules, such as melamine formaldehyde or urea formaldehyde microcapsules.

[0034] Perfume microcapsules of the present invention can be friable microcapsules and / or moisture activated microcapsules. By friable, it is meant that the perfume microcapsule will rupture when a force is exerted. By moisture activated, it is meant that the perfume is released in the presence of water. The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise friable microcapsules. Moisture activated microcapsules may additionally be present. Examples of a microcapsules which can be friable include aminoplast microcapsules.

[0035] Perfume components contained in a microcapsule may comprise odiferous materials and / or pro-fragrance materials.

[0036] Particularly preferred perfume components contained in a microcapsule are blooming perfume components and substantive perfume components. Blooming perfume components are defined by a boiling point less than 250°C and a LogP greater than 2.5. Preferably the encapsulated perfume compositions comprises at least 20 wt.% blooming perfume ingredients, more preferably at least 30 wt.% and most preferably at least 40 wt.% blooming perfume ingredients. Substantive perfume components are defined by a boiling point greater than 250°C and a LogP greater than 2.5. Preferably the encapsulated perfume compositions comprises at least 10 wt.% substantive perfume ingredients, more preferably at least 20 wt.% and most preferably at least 30 wt.% substantive perfume ingredients. Boiling point is measured at standard pressure (760 mm Hg). Preferably a perfume composition will comprise a mixture of blooming and substantive perfume components. The perfume composition may comprise other perfume components.

[0037] It is commonplace for a plurality of perfume components to be present in a microcapsule. In the compositions for use in the present invention it is envisaged that there will be three or more, preferably four or more, more preferably five or more, most preferably six or more different perfume components in a microcapsule. An upper limit of 300 perfume components may be applied.

[0038] The microcapsules may comprise perfume components and a carrier for the perfume ingredients, such as zeolites or cyclodextrins.Other ingredients

[0039] The compositions for use as described herein may comprise other ingredients of fabric conditioner liquids as will be known to the person skilled in the art. Among such materials there may be mentioned: antifoams, insect repellents, shading or hueing dyes, preservatives (e.g. bactericides), anti-viral agents, pH buffering agents, perfume carriers, hydrotropes, antiredeposition agents, soil-release agents, polyelectrolytes, anti-shrinking agents, anti-wrinkle agents, anti-oxidants, dyes, colorants, sunscreens, anti-corrosion agents, drape imparting agents, anti-static agents, sequestrants and ironing aids. The products of the invention may contain pearlisers and / or opacifiers. A preferred sequestrant is HEDP, an abbreviation for Etidronic acid or 1-hydroxyethane 1,1-diphosphonic acid.

[0040] The compositions are non-aqueous, however some water may be present. The compositions comprise less than 10 wt. % water and most preferably, less than 5 wt. % water.Method of preparation

[0041] In one aspect of the present invention is provided a method of preparing a fabric conditioner wherein quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains are mixed with quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains in a ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:4 to 2:7 to form a fabric softening blend; the fabric softening blend being further combined with solvents to form a fabric conditioner; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water. By preparing this blend of fabric softening actives the concentrated fabric conditioner remains liquid at low temperatures.

[0042] The compositions described herein are preferably manufactured by melting the ester linked quaternary ammonium compounds in the presence of a solvent. The ester linked quaternary ammonium compound and solvent are preferably heated to a temperature above 45°C, more preferably above 50°C and most preferably about 55°C. Any perfume ingredients or other ingredients present in the final composition may be added at any stage; before heating, or while at the raised temperature, or after the composition has cooled down.Use of the compositions

[0043] The compositions described herein are preferably used in the rinse stage of the laundry process. They may be used in their concentrated form and dosed into the laundry process. The composition may be dosed into the laundry process using a measuring cap, a pipet, a dropper or any other suitable dosing means. Preferably the composition is dosed into the rinse stage of the laundry process.

[0044] Preferably the concentrated compositions described herein may be used in unit dose capsules or in a dilute at home product.

[0045] If used in a unit dose capsule, the composition described herein may be packaged as a unit dose in polymeric film soluble in water. Preferably 2 to 15 ml are enclosed in a polymeric film.

[0046] If used in a dilute at home product, this means that the composition is sold to the consumer in a concentrated format (as described herein) and the consumer dilutes the product at home. The dilution is with water. For example, the consumer may pour the concentrated product (as described herein) into a container of water to make a more diluted product. Dilution occurs before the laundry process, in other word before the product is dosed into the washing machine or container in which the consumer is doing their laundry. Dilution allows the consumer to follow their regular dosing habits. If the composition is used in a dilute at home product, preferably the consumer is instructed to dilute using a dilution ratio of non-aqueous concentrated liquid fabric conditioner composition to water of 1:2 to 1:20, more preferably 1:3 to 1:12. The consumer may preferably be instructed the shake before use. This is particularly preferred if perfume microcapsules are present in the composition.

[0047] Diluting with water prior to being added to the laundry process means that before adding the product to the washing machine or the vessel used for hand washing. i.e. the consumer dilutes the product and then adds it to the drum or drawer of a washing machine of the vessel used for hand washing.

[0048] When the composition is in the form of a dilute at home product, it is preferable that the composition further comprises non-ionic surfactant and / or a polymer.ExamplesExample 1

[0049] The effect of mixing two fabric softening actives on formulation pour point was assessed. Table 1: Example formulations and observationsWt. % inclusion A 1 Fabric softening active 1< 6532.5Fabric softening active 2< 032.5Benzyl alcohol1313Solvent 3< 1313Perfume88Minors<1<1Pour point °C174 Fabric softening active 1< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising fatty acid chains derived from palm oil (~ 70% saturated) Fabric softening active 2< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising only oleic acid fatty acid chains (0 % saturated) Solvent 3< - C 13-15 Hydrocarbon

[0050] The compositions were made by co-melting the fabric softening active, benzyl alcohol, solvent and minors at ~65°C. The perfume was added after the composition had cooled.

[0051] The pour point was assessed using ASTM D97.Example 2

[0052] The effect of the mixture of fabric softening actives at different ratios was assessed. Table 2: Example formulations and observationsWt. % inclusion B C D 2 3 4 5 Fabric softening active 1< 45.548.7542.253935.7532.516.25Fabric softening active 2< 19.513.522.752629.252740.5Benzyl alcohol17.514.817.517.517.516.217.5Solvent 3< 17.514.817.517.517.516.217.5Perfume8888888Minors<1<1<1<1<1<1<1Observation at 5°CSolidSolidSolidLiquidLiquidLiquidLiquid

[0053] The compositions were prepared as in Example 1.

[0054] The observations were made using the following protocol: Samples were kept in a refrigerator for 1 day. The samples were then inverted. If the sample flowed, the observation is recorded as liquid. If the sample didn't flow, it is reported as solid.

Examples

example 1

[0049]The effect of mixing two fabric softening actives on formulation pour point was assessed.

Table 1: Example formulations and observations

Wt. % inclusion

A 1

Fabric softening active 16532.5

Fabric softening active 2032.5

Benzyl alcohol1313

Solvent 31313

Perfume88

Minors

Pour point °C174

Fabric softening active 1< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising fatty acid chains derived from palm oil (~ 70% saturated) Fabric softening active 2< - Triethanolamine quaternary ammonium compound comprising only oleic acid fatty acid chains (0 % saturated) Solvent 3< - C 13-15 Hydrocarbon

[0050]The compositions were made by co-melting the fabric softening active, benzyl alcohol, solvent and minors at ~65°C. The perfume was added after the composition had cooled.

[0051]The pour point was assessed using ASTM D97.

Example 2

[0052]The effect of the mixture of fabric softening actives at different ratios was assessed.

Table 2: Example formulations and observations

Wt. % in...

Claims

1. A concentrated fabric conditioner composition comprising 30 to 90 wt.% fabric softening active blend, wherein the fabric softening active blend comprises; a) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains; and b) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains; wherein the ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:3.75 to 2:7; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water.

2. A concentrated fabric conditioner composition according to claim 1, wherein the quaternary ammonium compounds a) are ester linked quaternary ammonium compounds.

3. A concentrated fabric conditioner composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the quaternary ammonium compounds b) are ester linked quaternary ammonium compounds.

4. A concentrated fabric conditioner composition according to claim 1, wherein the quaternary ammonium compounds a) fatty acid chains are derived from tallow oil and / or palm oil.

5. A concentrated fabric conditioner composition according to claim 1, wherein the quaternary ammonium compounds b) fatty acid chains are C16 or C18.

6. A concentrated fabric conditioner composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the composition further comprises organic solvent.

7. A unit dose product comprising the concentrated fabric conditioner composition according to claims 1 to 6 enclosed in a polymeric film.

8. A method of using the concentrated fabric conditioner according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the concentrated fabric conditioner is diluted with water prior to addition to the laundry process.

9. A method of preparing a fabric conditioner wherein; a) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 30 to 100 % saturated fatty acid chains; are mixed with; b) Quaternary ammonium compounds having 0 to 20% saturated fatty acid chains; in a ratio of quaternary ammonium compounds a) : quaternary ammonium compounds b) is 6.25:4 to 2:7 to form a fabric softening blend; the fabric softening blend being further combined with solvents to form a fabric conditioner; wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt.% water.

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