Light-emitting glazing for a vehicle, manufacture thereof, and vehicle comprising such light-emitting glazing

Abstract

The invention relates to light-emitting laminated glazing (100) for a vehicle, comprising an intermediate adhesive layer (3) that is made of a cross-linked polymer and forms a light guide between the two glass sheets (1, 2).

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] TITLE: VEHICLE LUMINOUS GLAZING, AND ITS MANUFACTURE, VEHICLE WITH SUCH LUMINOUS GLAZING

[0003] The present invention relates to luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular road vehicle glazing with light-emitting diodes.

[0004] Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used for several years to illuminate signaling devices (traffic lights, etc.), turn signals and position lights in motor vehicles. The advantages of LEDs are their long lifespan, luminous efficiency, robustness, low energy consumption and compactness, making the devices using them more durable and requiring less maintenance. More recently, LEDs have been used for automobile roofs, particularly panoramic laminated roofs with LED lighting. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced through the edge into the interior glazing forming a guide, the light being extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing.

[0005] Document W02005054915 proposes, in its second example, a luminous car glazing which comprises two sheets of glass and between the second and third internal faces a central interlayer polymer, made of poly(vinyl butyral) called PVB or copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate called EVA, which is between two layers of lower refractive index than the central layer which are in particular MgF2 or Teflon. Diffusion centers for light extraction are on the central interlayer.

[0006] The present invention sought to develop an alternative luminous vehicle glazing which is particularly simple and optically efficient.

[0007] To this end, the present invention relates to a luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle (car, truck, public transport: bus, coach, etc.) or a rail vehicle (train, metro, tram), preferably curved, in particular a windshield, or even a rear window, or even a side glazing, preferably a roof, comprising a laminated (curved) glazing - transparent at least in the clear of the window - comprising:

[0008] - a first sheet (curved, domed, transparent), made of mineral or organic glass (polymer), possibly tinted and even over-tinted, in particular gray or green, with a first main face and a second main face bare or coated with a functional coating (transparent) in particular of at most 200nm, (in particular first face oriented towards the outside of the vehicle and even being the external face, often called face F1 and the second face being face F2) or even first sheet intended to be the internal sheet, for example first sheet with a refractive index (nv or even corresponding to n1) of at least 1.5 in the visible

[0009] - a second sheet (curved, domed, transparent), made of mineral or organic glass, preferably clear or extra-clear (colorless), with a third main face bare or coated with a functional coating (transparent) of at most 200nm and a fourth main face (bare or coated with a functional coating (transparent) of at most 200nm,) second sheet in particular intended to be the inner sheet (in particular third face facing the inside often called face F3 of the vehicle and fourth face towards the passenger compartment called face F4) or second sheet intended to be the outer sheet, second sheet with refractive index n'v (or even corresponding to n'1) of at least 1.5 in the visible

[0010] - a polymer lamination interlayer (transparent) in particular in adhesive contact with the second face (bare or already coated) and with the third face (bare or already coated),

[0011] - a first upper layer with a refractive index n1 in the visible, notably forming part of the interlayer

[0012] - a first lower layer with a refractive index of n'1 in the visible, notably forming part of the interlayer

[0013] - between the first lower and upper layers, and in contact with, an intermediate layer with a refractive index nO in the visible, with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25, and n0-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25,

[0014] - a light source (in the visible) in optical coupling with the intermediate layer forming a light guide (preferably a single-layer light guide and even a film), in particular a clear or even extra-clear intermediate layer

[0015] - light extraction means, extraction of guided light in the intermediate layer, the first upper layer being the first sheet or a first additional upper layer, between the first sheet and the intermediate layer, the first lower layer being the second sheet or a first additional lower layer, between the second sheet and the intermediate layer.

[0016] According to the invention, the intermediate layer is an adhesive intermediate layer made of crosslinked polymer material, with a thickness E0 of at most 2 mm (and even at most 1 mm) and at least 200 pm or even 400 pm, forming all or part of the lamination interlayer.

[0017] The invention lies in the choice for the light guide of an adhesive layer made of crosslinked polymer material thus having adhesion with the glass sheets and / or with other layers, adhesive interlayers if necessary, according to its mechanical performance and its capacity for adhesion to the glass sheets etc. One can choose nO as a function of n1 and n'1 or vice versa.

[0018] The first upper additional layer may optically isolate the adhesive intermediate layer from the first sheet, in particular (over)tinted - and / or from a possibly tinted part of the lamination interlayer and / or from any element (tinted or absorbent or which would be disturbed by light or would disturb the guidance of light). The first lower additional layer may optically isolate the adhesive intermediate layer from the second sheet and / or from any element which would be disturbed by light or would disturb the guidance of light).

[0019] To promote guidance, the first upper layer (in particular additional adhesive, and even crosslinked polymer) is preferably at least 500nm thick, better at least 800nm. Advantageously, the first additional upper layer is even at least 1 pm (in particular if the coating is in particular crosslinked polymer) or 30 pm (in particular if the film is in particular crosslinked polymer), and preferably submillimetric.

[0020] To promote guidance, preferably the first lower layer (in particular additional adhesive, and even crosslinked polymer) has a thickness of at least 500nm, better at least 800nm. Advantageously, the first additional lower layer is even at least 1 pm (in particular if the coating is in particular crosslinked polymer) or 30 pm (in particular if the film is in particular crosslinked polymer), and preferably submillimetric.

[0021] The thickness of the first additional upper and / or lower layer can be adapted (increased) for mechanical contribution.

[0022] In particular for the first additional upper layer, n1 is lower than the refractive index of a possible upper layer (transparent, tinted or clear) in contact with it opposite the adhesive intermediate layer: crosslinked polymer adhesive (upper) layer, thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB, EVA etc.), thermoplastic film, or even the first sheet of glass, preferably mineral (with a refractive index nv of approximately 1.51 to 1.53) or organic (PC polycarbonate or poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA). This allows for more freedom in the choice of the guide.

[0023] In particular for the first lower additional layer, n'1 is lower than the refractive index of a lower layer (transparent, preferably clear) in contact with it opposite the adhesive intermediate layer lower layer chosen from: adhesive layer (lower) crosslinked polymer., thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB or EVA or thermoplastic polyurethane (called TPU) especially if second sheet in organic glass such as PC or PMMA), thermoplastic film or the second sheet of mineral glass (often with a refractive index of about 1.51 to 1.53) or organic (PC or PMMA). This allows for more freedom in the choice of the guide.

[0024] Generally, PVB has a refractive index of 1.48, PC has a refractive index of about 1.56 to 1.59, or PMMA has a refractive index of about 1.47 to 1.49.

[0025] Preferably at least one of the first and second glass sheets intended to be the exterior glazing is made of mineral glass, in particular the first sheet (in particular tinted) for a roof or the second sheet (in particular clear, colorless) for a rear window, the first or second sheet for a windshield, side glazing (front or rear, including the quarter panel). The intermediate adhesive layer does not significantly absorb the light from the source. In particular, the intermediate adhesive layer is clear, extra-clear.

[0026] Preferably the second sheet of glass and / or any lower layer that is between the extraction means and the observer of extracted light is clear, colorless (inside in the passenger compartment, or outside outside the vehicle) rather than tinted (and even over-tinted). It is preferable to avoid any layer that significantly absorbs the extracted light (mono or polychromatic).

[0027] Conversely, the first sheet and / or one or more upper layers may be tinted (especially overtinted)

[0028] For simplicity, the first additional upper and lower layers are made of the same polymer (possibly tinted with an additional coloring agent for the first additional upper layer) or even of the same thickness. One and / or the other can be aligned or protrude from the edges of the intermediate layer (over all or part of the perimeter), in particular creating a groove, in particular to house all or part of the light source (preferably diodes).

[0029] The light source (peripheral, preferably offset from the window clear, preferably diodes) can be removable, added, sold separately or in kit. Naturally, the adhesive intermediate layer is an operational light guide once their light source is mounted.

[0030] The adhesive intermediate layer is an optical glue (OCA for optically clear adhesive in English, LOCA if by liquid route then forming a coating) with an ad hoc nO index. The advantage of this layer is its transparency, its low haze and the ability to custom choose its thickness and its nO refractive index. The intermediate layer has an EO thickness that is both sufficient to promote light injection and guidance and limited to avoid excess thickness complicating assembly. It does not necessarily require additional layer(s) for its adhesion.

[0031] The adhesive intermediate layer may be a monolayer which is a self-supporting film or a coating on the second and / or third side (bare or already coated with a functional coating) or an adhesive coating on a support (for example thermoplastic, in particular not adhesive to glass).

[0032] In the present invention, the expression crosslinked polymer relates to the family of thermosetting polymers (in other words thermosets) in the broad sense (any type of crosslinking).

[0033] The adhesive interlayer is preferably single-layer (coating or film) and is even a film for simplicity.

[0034] The adhesive intermediate layer is, if necessary, a crosslinked polymer multilayer comprising guide adhesive layers all with a refractive index(es) greater than n1 and n'1. The upper guide adhesive layer (in contact with the first upper layer) then has a refractive index nOa with n0a-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, and n0a-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible.

[0035] The lower guide adhesive layer (in contact with the first lower layer) has a refractive index nOb with n0b-n1 being at least 0.04 in the visible, and nOb-n'1 being at least 0.04 in the visible. For example, one of the upper or lower guide adhesive layers is a coating and the other a film.

[0036] It is preferred that the difference between refractive indices between adhesive guide layers forming the multi-layer adhesive intermediate layer is less than 0.1 and even 0.04. For example, a middle adhesive guide layer between the upper and lower adhesive guide layers has a refractive index nOc greater than nOa and / or nOb. For example, the middle layer is an adhesive film (PSA etc.) and the upper and lower adhesive guide layers are a coating on said adhesive film.

[0037] The thickness E0 then corresponds to the total multi-layer thickness of the guide. The film can be made thicker than a coating. It is also possible to have an adhesive film (one of the lower or upper guide layers) with two adhesive guide coatings (middle and the other of the upper or lower guide layers).

[0038] One or more alternative non-adhesive and / or thermoplastic adhesive guide layers may be inserted into the adhesive intermediate layer forming a multi-layer guide, all with refractive index(es) greater than n1 and n'1.

[0039] The thickness of alternative guide layer(s) is preferably less than E0, especially even less than EO / 2.

[0040] It is preferred that the difference between refractive indices between guide adhesive layers forming the multi-layer adhesive intermediate layer be less than 0.1 and even 0.04 or even zero.

[0041] The single-layer or multi-layer adhesive intermediate layer may form the lamination interlayer alone. Alternatively, a lamination interlayer may be provided comprising one or more other thermoplastic and / or crosslinked polymer adhesive layers between the second and third faces, while maintaining a lamination interlayer that is as compact, mechanically efficient, and as transparent as possible if necessary, and for example as little diffusing as possible, in particular:

[0042] - 1 or 2 or 3 upper adhesive layers (possibly tinted) between the second face (possibly coated) and the intermediate adhesive layer, in particular the first additional upper layer is an upper adhesive layer (thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer)

[0043] - and / or 1 or 2 or 3 lower adhesive layers between the intermediate adhesive layer and the third face (optionally coated), in particular the first additional lower layer is a lower adhesive layer (thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer). Preferably, the refractive index of any layer according to the invention is defined for a reference value in a range from 550 to 600nm.

[0044] Preferably, any crosslinked polymer adhesive film according to the invention distinct from the adhesive intermediate layer is at least 30 pm and preferably submillimetric.

[0045] Preferably, any thermoplastic adhesive layer according to the invention is a film.

[0046] Preferably, any thermoplastic adhesive film according to the invention has a thickness of at most 1 mm and even at most 0.5 mm.

[0047] Preferably, any ultra-thin glass (UTG) film according to the invention has a thickness of at most 0.6 mm and in particular at least 0.1 mm.

[0048] Preferably, any non-adhesive thermoplastic film according to the invention has a thickness of at most 1 mm and even at most 0.5 mm or at most 0.3 mm.

[0049] Preferably, any film according to the invention is flexible and therefore curved following the curvature of the glazing.

[0050] Preferably, the difference in absolute value between n'1 and n1 is at most 0.04 or 0.02 or even zero. Preferably, a so-called non-adhesive layer according to the invention is non-adhesive to mineral glass, therefore not forming part of the foliage interlayer (binding the first and second glass sheets, at least one of which is mineral), has a peel strength of less than 1 N / cm and even 2 N / cm and even zero.

[0051] A top layer (first top layer or preferably additional top layer) can be a PVB film (clear, tinted) anti-UV and / or acoustic and / or even in corners, or "wedge" in English, (for a windshield in particular with a head-up display function).

[0052] A lower layer (first lower layer or preferably additional lower layer) can be a PVB film (clear) anti-UV and / or acoustic and / or even in corners (for a windshield in particular with a head-up display function).

[0053] Preferably, any PVB-based adhesive layer (lower and / or upper, sheet, preferably additional lower and / or upper layer) comprises 70% to 75% PVB, 20% or 25 to 30% plasticizer and less than 1% additives. There are also PVB sheets with little or no plasticizer (less than 10% or 5% or 1% in particular) such as the “MOWITAL LP BF” film from the KURARAY company.

[0054] In this text, tinted means the colored appearance in transmission, characterized in particular by the colorimetric coordinates L*a*b*, calculated from the transmission spectrum between 380 and 780 nm taking into consideration the illuminant D65 as well as the CIE 1964 observer (10°)

[0055] Any thermoplastic polymer functional film according to the invention (polymer support, optical film: extractor, redirector, barrier film), in particular non-adhesive to the glass (therefore not forming part of the interlayer), is for example: polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT, poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyimide (PI), polyurethane (PU) or cellulose triacetate (TAC), acrylic, polyolefin in particular polypropylene (PP) polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), (coextruded) film in PET-PMMA, poly(vinyl chloride) PVC.

[0056] With a polymer functional film made of PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or EVA is preferred (for greater chemical compatibility) as the lower or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer. A thermoplastic or thermoset EVA can be chosen. Regarding optical properties, the adhesive intermediate layer can have a light transmission of at least 85% or 90% and / or a haze of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%.

[0057] Any crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (lower and / or upper adhesive layer, including first additional lower and / or upper layer) or the stack of layers between the second and third face may have a light transmission of at least 85% or 90% (or lower if tinted) and / or a haze of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%.

[0058] The glazing may have a transparency suitable for its use and / or a haze of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%.

[0059] According to the invention, the term "upper layer" means a layer between the second face (second bare face or with functional coating) and the adhesive intermediate layer. This may be the first additional layer or one or more overlying layers called upper additional layers.

[0060] According to the invention, the term "lower layer" means a layer between the adhesive intermediate layer and the third face (third face bare or with functional coating). This may be the first additional layer or one or more underlying layers called lower additional layers.

[0061] A film is understood to be a self-supporting layer while a coating is obtained by deposition (liquid route especially for polymer layers and / or physical or chemical vapor deposition). For example, the index nO is greater than or equal to 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.5, 1.51, 1.52, 1.53, 1.54, 1.55, 1.56, 1.57, 1.59, 1.6, 1.61, 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, 1.65.

[0062] In particular with nO of at least 1.55 in the visible, the refractive index n1 (and / or n'1) in the visible in particular at 550nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm may also be less than or equal to 1.51, 1.50, to 1.49, to 1.48, to 1.47, to 1.46, to 1.45, to 1.44, to 1.43, to 1.42, to 1.41, to 1.40, to 1.39, to 1.38, to 1.37, to 1.36, to 1.35, to 1.34, to 1.33, to 1.32, at 1.31, at 1.30, at 1.29, at 1.28, at 1.27, at 1.26, at 1.25.In a preferred embodiment, n1 is at most 1.48 (n1 is at most or less than the refractive index of PVB) and even at most 1.45 or 1.4 and the first additional upper layer, preferably adhesive (in particular crosslinked polymer material), is a film or a coating, and n'1 is at most 1.48 (n'1 is at most or less than the refractive index of PVB) and even at most 1.45 or 1.4 the first additional lower layer, preferably adhesive (in particular crosslinked polymer material), is a film or a coating.

[0063] Again, if we choose the additional upper and lower adhesive layers of the OCA type, we have more choice on the refractive index n1 or n'1 and the addition of interlayers is not mandatory for laminating to glass. We can prefer a solution of three OCA films. For simplicity, we can have additional upper and lower layers of the same material and the same thickness.

[0064] The adhesive intermediate layer can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the glazing surface.

[0065] The first additional layer (adhesive or not) upper and / or the first additional layer (adhesive or not) lower may occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the surface of the glazing. The first additional layer (adhesive or not) upper and the first additional adhesive layer lower (adhesive or not) may occupy at least 90% or 95% and better 100% of the surface of the intermediate adhesive layer.

[0066] We can have a first additional layer, in particular tinted (adhesive coating or not, or adhesive film or not) and the first lower layer which is the second sheet of glass. We can have a second additional layer, preferably colorless, and the first lower layer which is the second sheet of glass, in particular tinted.

[0067] The first glass sheet (preferably mineral) may have a refractive index nv of at most 1.55 and even 1.53, in particular from 1.51 to 1.53; it may then be preferable to have the first upper additional layer (in particular adhesive) with a refractive index n1 lower than nv. The second glass sheet (in particular mineral) may have a refractive index n'v lower than 1.55 and even at most 1.53 (in particular from 1.51 to 1.53 for a mineral glass) and it may then be preferable to have the first lower additional layer (in particular adhesive) with a refractive index n1 lower than n'v.

[0068] The second organic glass sheet (rigid, flexible) can have a refractive index n'v of at most 1.52 and even form the first lower layer. The second organic glass sheet can be PC, PMMA.

[0069] It is preferable and even generally essential that the glazing includes at least one transparent area, called "glass clear" or daylight, not covered by an opaque (internal), peripheral masking layer. The glass clear is therefore a central area.

[0070] This clear glass may represent at least 20%, preferably at least 50% and in particular at least 70% or 80% or 90% or 95% of the total surface area of ​​the glazing, including areas covered by encapsulation or seals. In other words, the opaque layer covers an area which generally represents at most 80%, preferably at most 50% and in particular at most 30% or 20 or 10% or 5% of the total surface area of ​​the glazing.

[0071] The optical density of the opaque (inner) layer is preferably at least 2 and even up to 5.

[0072] The crosslinked polymer material of the adhesive intermediate layer may comprise (essentially) a polymer chosen from polyacrylate-based polymers, in particular based on urethane acrylate, or even epoxy polymer (resin, etc.) or polyepoxides, polyester, or even polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate.

[0073] The polyacrylate of a crosslinked polymer material according to the invention, film or coating, in particular adhesive intermediate layer or upper and / or lower adhesive layer, means any polymer containing repeating units derived from acrylate. The repeating unit may be substituted or unsubstituted within the permitted valence range. The acrylate polymer may be homopolymeric and / or copolymeric. The polyacrylate may comprise one or more polymethyl acrylates, polyethylene acrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polypropyl methacrylate.

[0074] The epoxy polymer of a crosslinked polymer material according to the invention, film or coating, in particular adhesive intermediate layer or upper or lower adhesive layer, designates for example the polymer obtained after polymerization of substances containing epoxy bonds. The epoxy polymer may comprise one or more bisphenol A epoxy, bisphenol A epoxy, halogenated phenolic epoxy, phenolic epoxy, cycloaliphatic epoxy, bisphenol S epoxy resin.

[0075] The crosslinked polymer material of the adhesive intermediate layer may be loaded with nanoparticles with a (high) refractive index of at least 1.8 or even at least 2 or 2.2, in particular metal oxides (for example titanium oxides) preferably with a size of at most 300nm.

[0076] The limited size of nanoparticles increases the refractive index nO without increasing haze.

[0077] The crosslinked polymer material of the adhesive intermediate layer may in particular be chosen from polymers with nO of at least 1.5 or even at least 1.53 or at least 1.55, or at least 1.58, based on polyfluorene preferably with (secondary) acrylate function and / or based on epoxy and / or based on polymer, preferably polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate, loaded with nanoparticles with a (high) refractive index of at least 1.8 or even at least 2 or 2.2, in particular metal oxides (for example titanium oxides) preferably with a size of at most 300nm. A material based on polyfluorene with acrylate function is preferred, which makes it possible to photocrosslink the polyfluorene (under UV).

[0078] Advantageously, the adhesive intermediate layer is a self-supporting crosslinked polymer film - which is in adhesive contact with the third face (or with a first lower additional layer, in particular thermoplastic adhesive or crosslinked polymer material) - in particular chosen from;

[0079] - pressure-sensitive film, preferably chosen from polymers preferably with acrylate, optionally based on polyfluorene with said acrylate function, or else film based on polyacrylate, silicone acrylate, urethane acrylate, optionally loaded with said aforementioned high-index nanoparticles,

[0080] -or a so-called post-adhesive film of partially (photo)crosslinked polymer before assembly -and totally (photo)crosslinked after assembly-, and preferably a so-called post-adhesive film preferably (photocrosslinked and) with acrylate, optionally based on polyfluorene with said acrylate function, or else a film based on polyacrylate optionally loaded with said aforementioned high index nanoparticles.

[0081] This film (PSA or post adhesive) can be textured locally for extraction (extractor film) as described later.

[0082] In the same way, any crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention can be a PSA or post-adhesive film, preferably with a secondary acrylate or polyacrylate function.

[0083] With a so-called post-adhesive film, the adhesive contact results from the continuation of photocrosslinking. Before further crosslinking, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing, then placed in an autoclave under pressure - positive pressure of 2 to 4 bars for example - and possibly at a temperature above ambient.

[0084] In particular, pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) film adheres by contact after applying mechanical pressure.

[0085] The adhesive intermediate layer may be an adhesive coating (glue, liquid veil deposition) on a non-adhesive support (polymer or even ultra-thin glass) which is the first additional upper or lower layer (bonded to the first or second glass sheet), and said support preferably having on an opposite main face another adhesive layer of crosslinked polymer (of the lamination interlayer) and / or being in adhesive contact with a thermoplastic adhesive layer of the lamination interlayer.

[0086] This support can be the first additional top layer, for example tinted.

[0087] This support can be the first additional lower layer, preferably colorless for more extracted light visible on the fourth side (F1 or F4 depending on the usage configurations).

[0088] The crosslinked polymer material of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (intermediate adhesive layer, lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular first additional lower and / or upper layer or even framing layer) is based on crosslinked polymer (one or more crosslinked polymers), in particular essentially consisting of crosslinked polymer. A crosslinked polymer material without Carcinogenic, Mutagenic and Reprotoxic agent known as CMR agent is preferred.

[0089] The adhesive intermediate layer or any other lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular the first additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer, may have good adhesion to the glass (mineral or even organic). The adhesive intermediate layer or any other lower or upper adhesive layer, for example, achieves a peel strength for mineral glass (or organic glass) greater than 2N / cm, 3N / cm, 4N / cm, 5N / cm, 6N / cm, 7N / cm, 8N / cm, 9N / cm, 10N / cm.

[0090] According to one characteristic, the adhesive intermediate layer alone (film in particular) or in combination with a lower and / or upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, has a hardness ranging from 20 shore 000 to 70 shore A, particularly if the lamination interlayer (preferably comprising at least one crosslinked polymer adhesive film, and even of at least 30 pm or 40 or 50 pm) does not comprise a lower and / or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer. Thus, the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer is neither too soft nor too hard to prevent the propagation of cracks in the glass of one or more sheets in the event of an accident or breakage.

[0091] The hardness of the adhesive interlayer is measured according to ASTM-D2240 on a reference sample having a thickness of 10 mm, the sample consisting of the crosslinked polymer adhesive material (preferably photocrosslinked with UVA) after being liquid-cast in a hollow mold.

[0092] According to another characteristic preferably cumulative with the previous one, said adhesive intermediate layer (film in particular) or in combination with a lower and / or upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (in particular first additional lower and / or upper layer) has an elongation at break between 100% or 200% and 1000%, in particular between 250% and 1000%, preferably between 300% and 1000%.

[0093] The adhesive intermediate layer (liquid deposition on first and / or second sheet or on support) can be crosslinked completely or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheets (in particular mineral glass sheets).

[0094] The adhesive intermediate layer (film) may be crosslinked completely or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second glass sheets.

[0095] Lamination in the absence of thermoplastic material is carried out by at least one pressurized vacuum.

[0096] For the manufacture of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (the intermediate adhesive layer or more broadly any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention, lower or upper adhesive layer in particular first additional lower and / or upper layer; framing layer etc.), crosslinkable adhesives can be used which harden when their components react (photocrosslinkable in particular under ultraviolet, heat crosslinkable etc.) or when a solvent evaporates. In all cases there is a chemical reaction in order to create chemical bonds for crosslinking, crosslinked polymer then defined by the formation of a 3D network of polymer chains linked by chemical bonds.

[0097] Thus the way in which the crosslinkable adhesive cures depends on its nature, some (photo)crosslinking in particular by the input of energy such as ultraviolet (UVA) or visible (400-405nm) others crosslinking at room temperature with the addition of a hardener by chemical reaction. Other crosslinkable adhesives are crosslinked by chemical reaction initiated and promoted by the input of thermal energy.

[0098] A liquid deposition of the crosslinkable adhesive (the intermediate adhesive layer or more broadly any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention, lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular the first additional lower and / or upper layer; framing layer, etc.) can be carried out by spray coating, curtain coating, flow coating, roller coating, slot die, dip coating, blade coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, drop casting, or cavity filling.

[0099] Preferably, the adhesive intermediate layer or even more broadly any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer; in particular first additional lower or upper layer, framing layer, etc.) may preferably be photo-crosslinked by ultraviolet, for example comprises a polymer matrix photo-crosslinked by ultraviolet.

[0100] The crosslinked polymer material according to the invention (of the adhesive intermediate layer or even any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, lower and / or upper, in particular first additional lower and / or upper layer) may preferably be based on (or essentially consisting of) a polymer associated with one or more other functions such as

[0101] - the acrylate function (main or secondary) for photo-crosslinking (crosslinked polymer material based on urethane acrylate or based on silicone acrylate)

[0102] - and / or the main fluorinated (chemical) function to lower the refractive index (crosslinked polymer material based on fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate) or the main fluorene (chemical) function to increase the refractive index.

[0103] Depending on the desired properties, the acrylate function can be used for photo-crosslinking (for a urethane acrylate or a silicone acrylate, etc.). The acrylate function allows the photo-crosslinking of the polymer; the backbone of the polymer can be made up of other functions such as urethane or fluorene. In particular, any crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention has an acrylate function or is a polyacrylate. In a first example of a lower or upper adhesive layer (first additional layer or additional adhesive layer) in the form of a coating, a crosslinkable UV resin is deposited on the second sheet or the first sheet (of mineral or organic glass). One or both layers can be deposited on a polymer or ultra-thin glass support.

[0104] It can be as UV curable resin, acrylate based resin, urethane acrylate based resin, silicone based resin, fluoro urethane acrylate based resin.

[0105] The following resins can be mentioned as low refractive index crosslinkable liquid adhesives (for the first additional lower and / or upper layer or even the intermediate adhesive layer):

[0106] - based on urethane acrylate, for example from the company Norland, in particular the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (refractive index 1.315) which is an aliphatic urethane acrylate,

[0107] - based on fluorourethane acrylate, for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called SFA 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389),

[0108] - based on acrylate, for example the product called UZ181A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (refractive index 1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0109] Examples include LOCA based on fluorourethane acrylate, for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called LOCA Shin-A 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389).

[0110] A pressure-sensitive adhesive, abbreviated PSA and commonly referred to as a pressure-sensitive adhesive, is an adhesive that forms a mechanical bond when pressure is applied to it, thereby securing the adhesive to the surface to be bonded. No solvent, water, or heat is required to activate the adhesive.

[0111] As the name "pressure sensitive" suggests, the degree of bonding between a given surface and the self-adhesive binder is influenced by the amount of pressure used to apply the adhesive to the target surface and the nature and density of the physical bonds formed between the adhesive and the substrate (mineral or organic glass sheet).

[0112] PSAs are generally designed to form a bond and maintain that bond at room temperature.

[0113] PSAs can be made of rubber, polyurethane, acrylic ester polymer, polysiloxane.

[0114] PSAs are typically elastomer based coupled with a suitable additional adhesive or "tackifying" agent (e.g., an ester resin).

[0115] The elastomers may preferably be based on: - acrylates, which may be sufficiently sticky to not require an additional tackifying agent.

[0116] - silicone, requiring special tackifying agents such as “MQ” type silicate resins, composed of monofunctional trimethyl silane (“M”) which has reacted with quadrifunctional silicon tetrachloride (“Q”), silicone-based PSAs are for example polydimethylsiloxane gums and resins dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene or possibly:

[0117] - styrene-based block copolymers such as styrene butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers,

[0118] - vinyl ethers

[0119] - nitriles.

[0120] PSA adhesives are marketed as double-sided adhesive rolls with a liner on each side to protect the PSA film.

[0121] Examples of silicone-based PSAs (for the first lower or upper layer) include Dow Corning® adhesives such as 2013 Adhesive, 7657 Adhesive, Q2-7735 Adhesive, Q2-7406 Adhesive, Q2-7566 Adhesive, 7355 Adhesive, 7358 Adhesive, 280A Adhesive, 282 Adhesive, 7651 Adhesive, 7652 Adhesive, 7356 Adhesive or Taica adhesives such as OPT alpha GEL® such as K120E, K90E or MRK adhesives such as MR3050, MR3080.

[0122] Examples of acrylate-based PSAs include Nitto adhesives such as CS98210U, CS98210UK or Tesa® adhesives such as OCA 69206, OCA 69208, OCA 69405.

[0123] A PSA film based on acrylate includes the product CS986 (refractive index 1.47) from Nitto.

[0124] As a silicone-based PSA film (preferably for the first additional lower and / or upper layer because of its low refractive index), we can cite the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the Taica company (refractive index 1.41).

[0125] Regarding silicone, we prefer polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS or dimethicone, which is an organomineral polymer from the siloxane family.

[0126] In an example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, preferably for the adhesive intermediate layer (or any other additional upper or lower adhesive layer, framing, etc.), in the form of an acrylate-based PSA film, mention may be made of the product called CS986 from Nitto with a refractive index of 1.49.

[0127] In an example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer preferably for the adhesive intermediate layer (or any other additional upper or lower adhesive layer, framing, etc.) in the form of a coating, a crosslinkable UV resin based on mercapto ester is deposited, the product called NOA 65 from the Norland company with a refractive index equal to 1.524.

[0128] In an example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer preferably for the adhesive intermediate layer (or any other additional upper or lower adhesive layer, framing, etc.) in the form of a coating, a single-component crosslinkable UV resin based on acrylate-functional polyfluorene is deposited, the product called Shin-A SBPF-022 with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.60.

[0129] In one embodiment, the first upper additional layer is a coating on the second face, in particular silica, in particular porous (in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer) or MgF2, and / or the first lower additional layer is a coating on the first face, in particular silica, in particular porous or MgF2 (in adhesive contact with the intermediate layer). Silica, in particular porous, is preferred, and in particular with n1 (n'1) of at most 1.4 or 1.3.

[0130] In one embodiment, the first upper additional layer is an upper adhesive layer of thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer material or is a thermoplastic (non-adhesive) film, and / or the first lower additional layer is a lower adhesive layer of thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer material or is a thermoplastic (non-adhesive) film with a thickness of at least 30 pm and submillimeter.

[0131] For example, if the second sheet of glass is organic (PC, PMMA), we choose TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset).

[0132] The thermoplastic film can be a support for an intermediate adhesive layer (coating) or a barrier film with a first additional adhesive layer in case of lack of chemical compatibility between the intermediate adhesive layer and this first additional adhesive layer. The upper (or lower) adhesive layer can be an optical glue (OCA for optically clear adhesive in English, LOCA if liquid) chosen with a low index.

[0133] In one embodiment, the first upper additional layer is a crosslinked polymer adhesive, for example with a refractive index n1 of at most 1.46 or 1.4 or 1.35 or 1.3 and / or the first lower additional layer is a crosslinked polymer adhesive, for example with a refractive index n'1 of at most 1.46 or 1.4 or 1.35 or 1.3.

[0134] The crosslinked polymer material of the first additional lower and / or upper layer (or even any other additional adhesive lower and / or upper layer) may preferably be chosen from a polymer based on (or essentially consisting of) polyacrylate (for example to have a refractive index n1 or n'1 of at most 1.46 or 1.4), in particular fluorourethane acrylate (to have the lowest possible refractive index n1 or n'1) or urethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate, polysiloxanes or silicone (for example with a refractive index n1 or n'1 of at most 1.4 or 1.3) in particular polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester or even epoxy polymer, polyepoxides.In particular, the crosslinked polymer material of the first additional upper and / or lower adhesive layer is chosen from an acrylate-based polymer, in particular urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or silicone-based, and the polymer furthermore having a fluorinated function.

[0135] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (intermediate adhesive layer, lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular additional or supplementary, etc.) may contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s) and even at most 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives.

[0136] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (intermediate adhesive layer, lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular additional or supplementary) may contain a main polymer (or base polymer) at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s).

[0137] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (intermediate adhesive layer, lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular additional or supplementary) may comprise other additives (preferably less than 1% or 5% or 1% by weight of layer) such as at least one of the following:

[0138] - crosslinking agent e.g. photoinitiators (residual),

[0139] - plasticizers (for more flexibility)

[0140] - membership promoters

[0141] - additives for durability.

[0142] The polymerization or even crosslinking rate of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%, the material according to the invention may therefore include residual prepolymers, monomers, oligomers. The layer e after crosslinking can be analyzed by NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) in order to determine the polymerization rate. A mixture of polymers may be available.

[0143] Independently of the adhesive intermediate layer, a total thickness of crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) according to the invention (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100 is preferred.

[0144] Independently of the adhesive intermediate layer, a total thickness or thickness of thermoplastic adhesive layer(s) according to the invention (in microns) of at most 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550, 500, 450, 400, 350 is preferred.

[0145] The adhesive intermediate layer in the form of a film (preferably) or coating may have a thickness (in microns) of at least 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0146] The first additional top (and / or bottom) layer in the form of a coating on the first curved glass sheet (on the second curved glass sheet) may have a thickness (in microns) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000pm and no later than 1100pm.

[0147] A peripheral framing adhesive layer may be on the periphery of the (edge ​​of the) intermediate adhesive layer, in particular thermoplastic adhesive film made of the first additional upper and / or lower adhesive layer (thermoplastic PVB, EVA etc.).

[0148] The lamination interlayer preferably comprises mainly or is the following sequence of adhesive layers between the second and third faces (with or without a functional element above the first upper additional layer):

[0149] - first additional upper adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer PVB

[0150] - or first additional upper adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer preferably thermoplastic polyurethane TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset) in particular if second sheet in organic glass

[0151] -or first additional upper adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer

[0152] -or first additional upper adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer PVB

[0153] -or first additional upper adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset) if second sheet in organic glass

[0154] -or first additional upper adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0155] More simply, the interlayer may comprise mainly the adhesive intermediate layer (preferably film or support layer) and at most one thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (preferably film(s)), in particular of PVB or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset), between the second and third faces. The lamination interlayer preferably comprises mainly or is the following sequence of adhesive layers (with or without a functional element above the first additional upper adhesive layer) between the second and third faces:

[0156] - first additional upper adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / intermediate adhesive layer

[0157] - first additional upper adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / intermediate adhesive layer - intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset) if organic glass

[0158] - intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer PVB

[0159] - intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0160] The lamination interlayer may be devoid of a thermoplastic adhesive layer (on the full surface) such as PVB or EVA or even TPU, in particular in adhesive contact with the second and / or third face. The lamination interlayer in particular comprises the following sequence of adhesive layers between the second and third face:

[0161] - first additional upper adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / intermediate adhesive layer

[0162] -or intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0163] - first additional upper adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0164] The lamination interlayer (single or multi-layer) may have a thickness (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0165] In one configuration, the glazing comprises on the second face a thermoplastic adhesive layer (particularly tinted PVB) which is the first upper additional layer or an additional layer between the second face and the first upper additional layer (which is in particular non-adhesive thermoplastic film (PET etc.) or ultra-thin glass), and preferably on the third face, under the adhesive intermediate layer, the glazing is free of thermoplastic adhesive layer and even the first lower additional layer is the second sheet of glass (particularly organic) with n1 preferably at least 1.55, for example PC.

[0166] In one embodiment, the glazing comprises, from the second face, an additional upper thermoplastic adhesive layer (PVB, EVA, TPU), possibly tinted, a thermoplastic film in particular forming a barrier film (possibly tinted) and / or athermal, the first additional upper layer made of crosslinked polymer material (possibly tinted) and / or it comprises, from the third face, an additional lower thermoplastic adhesive layer, a thermoplastic film, the first additional lower layer made of crosslinked polymer material.

[0167] The same materials (and same thicknesses) can be chosen on either side of the adhesive intermediate layer or asymmetrically if necessary, for example if a second organic sheet and a first mineral sheet or if a single PVB is required in addition to a first additional lower or upper layer. In particular, in one embodiment, the glazing according to the invention comprises, between the second face (bare or coated) and the third face (bare or coated), the possibly strict stack, which is optionally:

[0168] - (first PVB or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset) sheet) / first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / (second PVB or TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset) sheet)

[0169] - or first PVB or EVA sheet (thermoplastic or thermoset) / first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer /

[0170] - or first PVB adhesive sheet / (thermoplastic film / ) first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / (thermoplastic film / ) (second PVB adhesive sheet)

[0171] - or first PVB or EVA adhesive sheet (thermoplastic or thermoset)) / (thermoplastic film / ) first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / (thermoplastic film / ) (second PVB or EVA adhesive sheet)

[0172] - or first EVA adhesive sheet (thermoplastic or thermoset)) / (thermoplastic film / ) first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / (thermoplastic film / ) (second adhesive sheet or EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset))).

[0173] And preferably the first additional upper layer and / or the first additional lower layer is a crosslinked polymer film, in particular PSA, and even the stack is composed of films, at least 2, 3 or 4, 5 or 6 films.

[0174] The first additional upper layer may be a thermoplastic film (in particular non-adhesive), with a thickness of at least 30 μm and submillimetric, bonded to the second face by at least one upper adhesive (bonding) layer made of crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic material (PVB for example) or two upper adhesive (bonding) layers, a first made of crosslinked polymer material and a second made of thermoplastic polymer material (PVB for example) bonded to the second face.

[0175] Preferably the thermoplastic film is chosen from:

[0176] - locally diffusing film, particularly textured, on the adhesive intermediate layer side

[0177] - functional film: athermal or heating, comprising an electroconductive coating, low emissivity, heating, electroconductive coating on the second side

[0178] - fluoropolymer film, with n1 of at most 1.5 or at most 1.45, 1.4 or 1.3

[0179] - tinted film (in mass etc.) film possibly supporting the adhesive intermediate layer in the form of a coating. As a low index film (low index support in particular with an index of at most 1.45 in the visible, we can therefore choose a fluoropolymer film (thermoplastic).

[0180] The fluoropolymer film can be based on or even made of one of the following materials:

[0181] - perfluoroalkoxy PFA, in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.3

[0182] - poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF, in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.4

[0183] - ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE

[0184] - ethylene tetrafluoroethylene ETFE, more precisely poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene, in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.4

[0185] - the perfluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer FEP or (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene in English) in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.3

[0186] - polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, in particular of n2 of approximately 1.3, but which is the most difficult to laminate

[0187] - polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).

[0188] It is preferred that it has a haze of at most 2%. A fluoropolymer film is readily available from 30 or 50 pm. For better assembly, the fluoropolymer film can have one or two main surfaces treated with an adhesion-promoting surface treatment, preferably a corona treatment.

[0189] The glazing may incorporate one or more functional (non-adhesive) elements which do not contribute (notably) to the “cohesion” of the glazing.

[0190] One or more functional elements may be between the second face and the adhesive intermediate layer or within the first additional upper layer or an additional layer (in particular within a thermoplastic adhesive layer or crosslinked material).

[0191] For example, the glazing (single or multi-layer) may incorporate one or more functional elements (preferably functional films) in particular of sub-centimetric thickness and even at most 0.6mm or 0.5mm or 0.3 or 0.2mm, and preferably at least 30 or 40 or 50pm, preferably chosen from at least one of the following functional films:

[0192] - functional film (transparent, flexible, colorless or tinted), in particular polymer, chosen from:

[0193] - athermal film, reflecting infrared, and / or heating for example polymer substrate with an electroconductive coating (transparent), in particular with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm, in particular local or extending over almost the entire glazing, possibly separate from the first lower additional adhesive layer or being the first lower additional adhesive layer supporting the intermediate adhesive layer which is a coating, with the electroconductive coating on the side opposite the intermediate adhesive layer (second face side), electronic device (more or less extensive) chosen from at least one of the following devices: sensors;electrically controllable device with variable tint and / or diffusion, additional diodes (emitting towards the first or second sheet), in particular local or extending over almost the entire glazing, in particular opposite or offset from the zone of propagation of the guided light, light extraction means, device between the second face and the first additional upper layer.;

[0194] In particular, an upper adhesive layer according to the invention may comprise two thermoplastic adhesive films - or sheets - for example based on PVB (or thermocrosslinked adhesive for example pressure-sensitive) and larger than the functional element (in particular electronic device or athermal film) and the functional element is between these two sheets. In particular for a functional element (polymer film, electronic device etc.) with a thickness of at least 0.4 mm, a peripheral intermediate sheet (frame) of the same type of material as the two sheets, in particular based on PVB (or thermocrosslinked adhesive for example pressure-sensitive), surrounds and touches the edge of the functional element and is between these two sheets protruding and in contact with them. This peripheral intermediate sheet is part of the lamination interlayer.For a functional element with a thickness less than or equal to 0.4mm and even 0.3mm or 0.2mm, the thermoplastic material can flow sufficiently to avoid adding a peripheral intermediate layer.

[0195] Preferably for any functional element (film in particular polymer) according to the invention, a thickness of at least 30 or 40 pm or 50 pm is preferred for easy handling during assembly and preferably at most 500 pm or 400 pm or 300 pm.

[0196] In particular, a functional element (film, particularly polymer, electronic device) with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm or 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm does not require a peripheral intermediate layer.

[0197] For the athermal film, for example, a clear coated PET film, for example XIR from Eastman, or a coextruded PET-PMMA film, for example of the 3M® SRF type, can be used. Naturally, a functional polymer film can be multifunctional (support, barrier, optical, etc.).

[0198] The extraction film can have a custom scope. It can be local or cover at least 50% of the window clear. The extraction film can have one or more local extraction zones (textured etc.)

[0199] In one configuration, the first sheet (preferably mineral glass) is tinted and / or the first upper additional layer, in particular upper adhesive layer, made of thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer material, is tinted. And the second sheet of glass (organic or mineral) may be clear and / or the first lower additional layer clear.

[0200] Furthermore, the first sheet may be tinted and / or one or any layer (athermal film, polymer support, barrier film, upper adhesive layer in particular) above the adhesive intermediate layer may be tinted. To do this, any tinted polymer layer may comprise (in a polymer matrix) a coloring agent (organic or inorganic) in particular a molecular dye or inorganic pigment.

[0201] A tinted film (athermal film, polymer support, barrier film, top adhesive layer) can have a light transmission of at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20% and at least 5%.

[0202] The first additional upper layer, in particular adhesive and even crosslinked polymer, tinted may have a light transmission of at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20% and at least 5%. The first sheet may then be tinted or colorless and / or any other upper adhesive layer tinted or colorless.

[0203] For a car roof, for example, a first upper layer is chosen (in film, for example, tinted PVB) and any other upper adhesive layer (in film, for example, tinted PVB) with a light transmission of less than 100% to 2%, better from 28% to 8%.

[0204] The outer edge or slice of the adhesive intermediate layer and even of the lamination interlayer etc., is offset from the clear glass, in particular the adhesive intermediate layer extending under an internal peripheral masking layer between the second face and the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0205] In one embodiment, at least one optical film is within the adhesive intermediate layer or better between the adhesive intermediate layer and one of the first upper or lower layers, and even in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer, and in that the optical film, in particular polymer, is chosen from:

[0206] - so-called extractor film, forming a means of extracting guided light (in the intermediate layer)

[0207] - and / or local redirecting film, in particular a prismatic film, in particular a reflector between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first (additional) upper layer or transparent prismatic film between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first (additional) lower layer, forming means for redirecting light in the adhesive intermediate layer coming from a light source on the fourth face or even offset from the glazing.

[0208] There may be several separate extractor films (distributed in the glass clear and / or offset from the glass clear etc.) on the third side and / or on the second side. The extractor film may be a thermoplastic polymer or crosslinked polymer (thermoset) film.

[0209] It is preferred that the optical film (extractor or redirector) according to the invention is local to increase the adhesive contact surface of the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0210] Preferably the local redirecting optical film (prismatic film preferably reflective and between first (additional) upper layer and the intermediate layer or transparent prismatic film preferably between first (additional) lower layer and the intermediate layer) is of width of at most 10cm or at most 5cm or even at most 2cm and in particular of length similar to that of the linear light source (custom). It can be a rectangular strip, for example with rounded corners.

[0211] The extent of the (local) extractor film may be significantly less than that of the adhesive intermediate layer. It advantageously represents less than 30%, preferably at most 25%, in particular between 1 and 10% of the extent of the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0212] The extractor film can be of any shape. Several extractor films can have different shapes.

[0213] The optical film (local, extractor or redirector) can be in adhesive contact with the adhesive intermediate layer and with the first additional lower or upper layer, in particular adhesive.

[0214] It is also possible to use a thermoplastic polymer for the extractor film and to heat this polymer, before bringing it into contact with the adhesive intermediate layer, at least locally to its softening point in order to position it on the first additional lower layer, which is chosen to be thermoplastic adhesive.

[0215] Yet another possibility is to form the extractor film by RIM (reaction injection molding) of a mixture of monomers resulting in the formation of a thermoset polymer in situ.

[0216] In one embodiment, the light extraction means (preferably local, in the window clear or not (under an internal masking layer) depending on requirements) comprise:

[0217] - a texturing of an element chosen from the adhesive intermediate layer, or at least one of the first upper and lower layers, in particular at least one of the first additional upper and lower layers or at least one of the second and third faces

[0218] - or an extractor film inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers, in particular at least one of the first additional upper and lower layers or at least one of the second and third faces and the adhesive intermediate layer

[0219] - or a diffusing layer comprising a binder and diffusing particles and / or pores, inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers and the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0220] The light extraction means (guided in the adhesive intermediate layer) may comprise an extractor film which is an optical film with reflective reliefs.

[0221] It is possible to use a film with reflective reliefs, in particular a plastic film with a refractive index greater than or equal to nO, with reflective reliefs (prisms) forming light extraction, such as that described in patent WO2013 / 167832. The reflective relief preferably has low roughness so that the reflection is essentially of the specular type. The relief and roughness of the reflective interface are chosen so that the total widths at mid-height of the angular distribution of the light intensity emitted by the system are preferably between 30° and 60°.

[0222] Regardless of the roughness of the reflective interface, a height or depth of the relief can be defined which is equal to the distance between the highest and lowest point of said relief. The height of the reflective relief is for example between 5 pm and 1 mm, preferably between 10 pm and 500 pm, in particular between 20 and 100 pm.

[0223] Such relief-textured polymer films are available on the market, including, for example, the Vikuiti® Image Directing Film II marketed by 3M.

[0224] The optical extractor film may comprise a plurality of individual prisms, each consisting of an oblique surface and a surface substantially perpendicular to the general plane of the second sheet.

[0225] Examples of regular relief include a Fresnel lens type relief or a Fresnel prism type relief.

[0226] The relief may be reflective by a layer having a refractive index at least 0.04, preferably at least 0.1 lower than the index no (such as n1) or the refractive index of the optical film with reliefs. The relief may thus be reflective by the first additional upper or lower layer, in particular adhesive. The hollows of the reliefs may be filled by the first additional upper or lower layer, in particular adhesive.

[0227] Alternatively or cumulatively, the light extraction means may comprise a diffusing layer. This diffusing layer comprises diffusing elements in a binder or a matrix (transparent and even diffusing), in particular defining at least a first diffusing zone, for example with a width of at least 0.5 mm, in particular a first diffusing zone that is solid and / or comprising a set of discontinuous patterns.

[0228] The light extraction means can also be a textured area of ​​the first upper or lower layer, additional or not (second or third face possibly) or a diffusing coating.

[0229] The scattering particles can be of the order of micrometers in size, notably at least 600nm, in an organic or mineral binder. The particles can be made of metal or metal oxide.

[0230] The extraction means on the second face can be completely opaque or transparent, on the third face, the extraction means have a non-zero light transmission.

[0231] The light source preferably comprises a set of light-emitting diodes on a diode support, for example flexible, in particular a printed circuit (such as a PCB for "printed circuit board" in English), in particular an elongated, linear support, a straight or curved strip. Several strips can be provided, connected to each other, etc., along an edge, etc.

[0232] The light source may be between the second and third faces. The diode support may be wholly or partly between the second and third faces, curved (flexible) to fit the curvature of the glazing, and even the diode support (especially if side-emitting diodes and / or support along the second or third face) may protrude from the edge of the glazing.

[0233] The diode support and the diodes can be in an L or U-shaped profile which is wholly or partly between the second and third faces (in a groove, within a framing layer) in particular a curved (flexible) profile to adapt to the curvature of the glazing.

[0234] The light source may comprise an extractor optical fiber coupled with a primary light source (light-emitting diode(s) etc.).

[0235] Preferably the diodes are surface-mounted components on the front face of a diode carrier which is a printed circuit board called a PCB (with conductive tracks).

[0236] Diodes, for example, have Lambertian or quasi-Lambertian emission.

[0237] The width (or length) of a diode with a single semiconductor chip, usually a square-shaped diode, is preferably at most 5mm.

[0238] The width of the diode support (PCB board), especially the strip, is preferably at most 5cm, better at most 2cm, and even at most 1cm.

[0239] There may be one or more light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the window clear), several sets of diodes. The source(s) are elongated, linear over at least 10cm and / or more local, in particular in a hole or several holes separate from the adhesive intermediate layer or a hole in a peripheral layer (framing layer).

[0240] One or more light sources (identical or not) may be used, for example electrical and / or made up of electroluminescent device(s) (LED, etc.). The light source(s) may be monochromatic (emitting in blue, green, red, etc.) or polychromatic, or may be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light, etc.; they may be continuous or discontinuous, etc.

[0241] The light source can be extended linearly (rectangular strip like a bar of diodes) along one side of the glazing (longitudinal edges) or split (with similar or distinct light, e.g. different color intensity, controlled independently or simultaneously) along both sides.

[0242] The light source, preferably comprising a set of light-emitting diodes, may be under the second face:

[0243] - bonded to the second side (by an upper adhesive layer or not, if the upper adhesive layer is further back)

[0244] - and even between the second face and the third face, in particular linked to the second face or to the third face and / or linked to the adhesive intermediate layer. The light source can be coupled to the edge of the adhesive intermediate layer and all or part be external to the edge of the glazing. The light source (the diodes and even the diode support) can be housed in a polymer encapsulation such as that described in application WO2010049638, in particular in figure 15 or in figure 16 and even having a recess for removal, replacement of the source.

[0245] The injection of light, from the light source which preferably comprises a set of light-emitting diodes on a diode support, into the adhesive intermediate layer is preferably:

[0246] 1) by a slice of the adhesive intermediate layer or wall delimiting a closed hole (blind or through) of the adhesive intermediate layer, light source in contact or distant from said slice or wall (space or material in particular adhesive), the light source preferably being under the second face and even between the second face and the third face.

[0247] Optionally, the light source is in a notch of the edge of the adhesive intermediate layer or is bonded or embedded or in a wall delimiting a closed hole (or in the vicinity) of a transparent framing layer (for optical coupling through the edge) possibly adhesive on the periphery of the edge of the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0248] Or :

[0249] 2) by a light redirection element, local such as an optical redirector film (prismatic film) and on the second main face (or third main face), in particular in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer and between the adhesive intermediate layer and one of the first (additional) upper or (additional) lower layers, the light source then being opposite or offset from the fourth main face, in particular the light source and light redirection element offset by a window clear.

[0250] The beam of the light source can be normal or inclined.

[0251] In particular, the optical coupling is direct or via an optic, in particular a light source and a light redirection element offset by a window clear and facing an internal masking layer.

[0252] The power supply to the light source (diodes) can be provided by a current supply integrated into the laminated glazing, for example an electric wire incorporated into the lamination interlayer, or this electric wire can be applied to the fourth main face of the second sheet (inner sheet, passenger compartment side), and possibly be protected by a cover.

[0253] The light source may be on the fourth face side, under (facing) the inner masking layer, and is coupled to the adhesive intermediate layer via a redirecting optical film as already described. The light source on the fourth face side may be associated with collimating optics. The light source with a possible collimator may be fixed on the fourth face, by direct gluing or by being spaced and on a peripheral support fixed on the fourth face.

[0254] The possible inner peripheral masking layer (on face F4) may include a spacer so as not to block the optical coupling, in particular to allow the rays from the light source to pass towards the light redirection element.

[0255] This redirecting film (prismatic, in particular reflective) is for example longitudinal in shape along the glazing or rounded in the corners, for example the length of the window clear. This redirecting film can have a thickness of at most 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm and in particular at least 0.1 mm. The redirecting film and / or the light source is for example at most 100 mm from the window clear and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0256] By this redirector film between the second face and the third face, the light passing through the second sheet, -(all or part of) the adhesive intermediate layer is redirected into the adhesive intermediate layer of glass by reflection, or even diffusion.

[0257] The optical redirector film can be a textured and even prismatic film (between the F2 and F3 faces). The prismatic film has a smooth main surface (non-textured, non-functional) and an opposite textured (functional) surface. The prismatic film is flexible and therefore curved to adapt to the curvature of the glazing. The prismatic film can comprise a partially structured transparent plastic film forming (micro)prisms or a transparent (planar) plastic film (e.g. polyester, PET or polycarbonate) with on a main surface a transparent layer (organic, e.g., resin) with an arrangement of (micro)prisms. The (micro)prisms are oriented towards the third face or towards the second face.

[0258] The prismatic film on the second face (between face F2 and F3, between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first upper additional layer or the first sheet) can be reflective, with a reflective layer (metallic etc.) on the (micro)prisms and the reflective (micro)prisms are oriented towards the second face or the third face. Preferably, the prismatic film (preferably) reflective is between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first upper additional layer or the first sheet, and even in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer. The prisms are oriented towards the second face (planar face in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer) or towards the third face, in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer. In particular, the (preferably) reflective prismatic film has a thickness of 100 to 300 pm, preferably at most 150 pm. The prismatic film on the third face (between face F2 and F3, between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first lower additional layer or the second sheet) may be with the (micro)prisms oriented towards the second face (planar face in contact with the first lower additional layer or the second sheet) or towards the third face (prisms in contact with the first lower additional layer or the second sheet). Preferably, the prismatic film, transparent, is between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first lower additional layer, and even in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer (prisms oriented towards the second face or the third face). In particular, the prismatic (transparent) film has a thickness of 100 to 300 pm, preferably at most 150 pm.

[0259] The adhesive intermediate layer (see other elements) can be protected if necessary from humidity, dust, the external environment for better durability.

[0260] In one embodiment, a so-called framing layer surrounds the periphery (of the edge) of the adhesive intermediate layer, preferably a thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer and in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer and even possibly in adhesive contact with the third face (bare or coated) or with the first lower and / or upper additional layer and / or in contact with the second face (bare or coated) or with the first upper additional layer, in particular a framing layer offset by a window clear.

[0261] The peripheral framing (adhesive) layer can be on the perimeter of the intermediate layer and even on the perimeter of one or more other layers under or on the intermediate layer.

[0262] The framing layer can surround the edge of the edge of the intermediate layer and even the first lower and upper layers (preferably crosslinked polymer adhesive and even all the layers between the second and third faces), preferably thermoplastic adhesive layer (in particular PVB) or crosslinked polymer.

[0263] The framing layer is preferably at least as thick as the adhesive intermediate layer. For example, it is at least 1 mm wide and at most 5 cm or 1 cm wide (and offset by a clear window, under an internal masking layer).

[0264] The framing layer may be a thermosetting mastic (two-component photo-crosslinked, thermo-crosslinked), forming a sealing joint, spaced or attached to the layers already described of the lamination interlayer (itself set back from the edges of the sheets). It may be in adhesive contact with the second face and the third face. The framing layer may be, for example, polyurethane, epoxy, butyl, etc.

[0265] In the case where an additional upper and / or lower adhesive layer (in film) extends beyond the edges of the intermediate adhesive layer, the framing layer can be used to compensate for the thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer. It can fill the groove between the first additional upper and / or lower adhesive layers that protrude.

[0266] The framing layer may be of the same material as the first additional upper and / or lower adhesive layer.

[0267] For example, we can have:

[0268] - first additional upper adhesive layer in PVB (clear or tinted) with a zero or more or less significant level of plasticizers (for example at least 30%) - (under the periphery of the first additional upper layer) framing layer in PVB with a zero or more or less significant level of plasticizers, of thickness at least equal to the thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer,

[0269] - possibly first additional lower adhesive layer in PVB (clear) with zero or more or less significant level of plasticizers.

[0270] The framing layer may frame the guided light propagation zone and / or it is preferably outside the clear zone of the glass.

[0271] Regarding the extent of the elements, several configurations are possible, in particular the edge of the intermediate adhesive layer, of the first additional (adhesive) lower and / or upper layer or even the framing adhesive layer) is not necessarily aligned with the edge of the first and / or second sheets.

[0272] The slices of the layers between the second and third faces are not necessarily aligned with each other.

[0273] The adhesive interlayer may be recessed from the edge of the first sheet. The width of the recess may depend on the light injection

[0274] - for example the withdrawal is at least 10mm to place the light source (diodes) under the second face (distant or in contact with the edge of the intermediate layer, edge with notch etc.) and even between the second face and the third face

[0275] - custom shrinkage of at most 10mm or even at most 2mm, especially if the source is in a closed hole in the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0276] The first additional (adhesive) upper and / or lower layer may be set back from the edge of the first sheet by no more than 10mm or even no more than 2mm.

[0277] The edge of the first additional upper and / or lower layer may be aligned with the edge of the adhesive intermediate layer or protrude from the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0278] The first additional upper and / or lower layer, in particular thermoplastic and even PVB, may protrude from the adhesive intermediate layer and even without a discernible interface with a framing layer, in particular thermoplastic and even PVB, around the perimeter of the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0279] In one embodiment, the glazing comprises an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer between the third face and the second face, and even covering the periphery of the adhesive intermediate layer, in particular in contact with the second main face, in particular defining a window clear. And it optionally comprises, in particular when the second sheet is an internal glazing, an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth main face, in particular congruent or of a width less than the width of the internal masking layer. The glazing may therefore comprise, between the second face (in particular F2) and the third face (in particular F3), an internal, opaque peripheral masking layer, in particular an enamel (black, etc.) on the second face.It may be an opaque coating on a thermoplastic adhesive layer (in particular an additional upper adhesive layer) in particular PVB, for example an opaque coating based on PVB and with a coloring agent on a main face of a PVB layer (in particular an additional upper adhesive layer) facing second or third face.

[0280] The internal masking layer can be 2mm or 3mm (less than 5mm) from the edge of the glazing or even up to the edge. The masking layer can be a strip framing the glazing (windshield, roof, etc.) in particular black. The entire periphery is opaque to hide bodywork elements or joints or to protect an adhesive for mounting on the vehicle. This internal masking layer delimits the clear glass. It can be advantageous for the external edge of the intermediate adhesive layer (and even the first lower or upper layer, additional or supplementary, or even the framing layer) to be masked by the internal masking layer, not to be in the clear glass.

[0281] The width of the internal masking layer along the sides of a motor vehicle roof is usually less than that at the front or even the rear.

[0282] In the case where the first sheet is the exterior glazing, another masking layer, called the interior, can be on the fourth face called F4 on the passenger compartment side, in particular facing the internal masking layer (and even of an identical nature, for example an enamel, in particular black, on the second sheet of mineral glass). It can be adjacent to a possible transparent functional coating, in particular athermal, which is at least in the clear of the window.

[0283] Especially for a car roof (first sheet is the exterior glazing):

[0284] - the width of the internal (and even interior) masking layer along the longitudinal edges can be at most 30cm, in particular 10 to 20cm,

[0285] - the width of the internal (and even interior) masking layer along the rear side edge may be at most 30cm, in particular at least 1 or 5cm, and along the front side edge at most 60cm, in particular at least 1 or 5cm.

[0286] The width of the inner masking layer is preferably larger than that of the inner masking layer.

[0287] The internal and / or inner masking layer may be an organic or mineral binder (fused glass frit) with an organic or inorganic coloring agent, in particular a molecular dye or inorganic pigment.

[0288] The internal and / or inner masking layer is preferably a continuous layer (solid with a solid edge or alternatively a gradient edge (set of patterns).

[0289] The thickness of the layer(s) between the second face and the third face is preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm and in particular the thickness of the lamination interlayer (of one or more thermoplastic and / or crosslinked polymer adhesive layers) being at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, at least in the guide zone.

[0290] The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9mm or 7mm, particularly for a road vehicle.

[0291] The first sheet is preferably made of mineral glass, possibly tempered, especially if intended to be the outer sheet and if the second sheet is made of organic glass. In particular for road glazing, the first (outer) sheet is preferably at most 2.5 mm thick, even at most 2.2 mm - especially 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - and even at least 0.7 mm thick.

[0292] In particular, the first sheet is the outer sheet and even made of mineral glass and the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windshield, a side window.

[0293] The first sheet can alternatively be the internal sheet and in particular, the glazing is chosen from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing, and in particular the external sheet is made of mineral glass, in particular tempered.

[0294] The second sheet may be the second sheet intended to be the inner sheet, in particular with a thickness of at least 0.7 mm, possibly less than that of the first outer glass sheet, even at most 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm.

[0295] The total thickness of the first and second glass sheets is preferably strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, even 3.7 mm.

[0296] The first and second sheets of glass may be of substantially identical size, for example generally rectangular in shape. The first sheet (if external) may be larger than the second sheet (if internal), thus exceeding this second sheet over at least part of its circumference, possibly a smaller second sheet (passenger compartment side) with a recessed edge of at most 10 or 5 cm from the edge of the first sheet of glass, on one edge or several edges (longitudinal and / or lateral) in particular or over the entire circumference.

[0297] The first sheet may be clear glass with a thermally aerodynamic functional coating on the second side and the possible first top layer (adhesive, thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer) is tinted or clear.

[0298] The first mineral glass sheet may be based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodo-lime, or even aluminosilicate, or even borosilicate. It may have a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2Os) of at least 0.4% and preferably at most 1.5%.

[0299] The second mineral glass sheet may in particular be based on silica, soda-lime, silico-soda-lime, or aluminosilicate, or borosilicate. To limit absorption, it has a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2C>3) of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0300] In this text, the light transmission is calculated from the transmission spectrum between 380 and 780 nm taking into account illuminant A and the CIE 1964 reference observer (10°).

[0301] The light transmission and tint of each glass sheet are adjusted by the chemical composition of the glass and the thickness of the glass sheet. The chemical composition of the glass includes a colorless base, preferably soda-lime-silica (but other glasses may be used, including borosilicate or aluminosilicate glasses), as well as a coloring part. The coloring part includes in particular one or more colorants chosen from transition metal oxides - including iron oxides (ferrous and ferric), cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, nickel oxide, rare earth oxides, including erbium oxide, and selenium.

[0302] A clear glass sheet is a sheet having, for example, a light transmission of at least 85%, or even at least 90%. It generally does not include any coloring part except for unavoidable impurities, in particular iron oxides, in a total content of between 0.005 and 0.200% by weight, in particular between 0.010 and 0.150% by weight, or even between 0.030 and 0.120% by weight.

[0303] A tinted glass sheet is a glass sheet having, for example, a light transmission of between 50 and 80%, in particular between 60 and 75%. It comprises a coloring part, for example, consisting of iron oxides, in a total content of between 0.4 and 1.2% by weight, in particular between 0.6 and 1.1% by weight. The glasses obtained are then green, possibly yellowish or blueish-green depending on the proportion of ferrous iron. According to other examples, cobalt oxide, selenium and / or erbium oxide are added in order to impart a tint, for example blue or gray.

[0304] A sheet of over-tinted glass is a sheet of glass having, for example, a light transmission of between 5 and 50%, in particular between 8 and 40%. It comprises a coloring part, for example, consisting of iron oxides, in a total content of between 1.0 and 2.3% by weight, in particular between 1.1 and 2.0% by weight, as well as cobalt and chromium oxides and / or selenium. The coloring part comprises, for example, the following colorants, in the weight contents defined below: Fe2O3 (total iron) of 1.2 to 2.3%, in particular of 1.5 to 2.2%, CoO of 50 to 400 ppm, in particular of 200 to 350 ppm, Se of 0 to 35 ppm, in particular of 10 to 30 ppm. The redox is preferably between 0.1 and 0.4, in particular between 0.2 and 0.3. Redox is understood to mean the weight ratio between the ferrous iron content (expressed as FeO) and the total iron content (expressed as Fe2Os). The glasses obtained are in particular green or gray.The second sheet may be made of organic glass, in particular based on polyurethane (PU) typically with n'v (or n'1) of approximately 1.47, polycarbonate (PC) typically with n'v of approximately 1.59, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) typically with n'v (or n1) of approximately 1.47, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with n'v (or n1) of approximately 1.54.

[0305] The second organic glass sheet may be flexible to follow the curvature of the first curved sheet or the second organic glass sheet may be preformed.

[0306] With organic glass such as PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or a cross-linked polymer material is preferred over PVB as the lower thermoplastic adhesive layer (for greater chemical compatibility). Thermoplastic or thermoset EVA can also be used.

[0307] The first sheet of glass may preferably be tempered glass if the second sheet is organic glass.

[0308] In the present invention, the expression tempered glass means glass thermally tempered in the absence of any precision, and preferably glass tempered during a glass bending operation.

[0309] The second face (in particular with a first colorless glass sheet and a top tinted adhesive layer, first additional layer or other layer) may have a functional coating (stack of thin layers etc.) athermal or heating, comprising an electrically conductive coating, (low emissivity, heating). The electrically conductive coating may be a stack of thin layers, with one or more metallic layers (silver etc.) between layers, for example of metal oxide or nitride or oxynitride. The electrically conductive coating is less than 200nm thick and even 160nm thick. The electrically conductive coating may be in contact with a possibly tinted layer which is:

[0310] - the first additional upper adhesive layer (thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer) - - an additional adhesive layer, thermoplastic (PVB etc) or crosslinked polymer, non-adhesive thermoplastic film (PET etc).

[0311] In particular, the first sheet is made of clear or extra-clear mineral glass and the electroconductive coating is in contact with a tinted layer (such as those mentioned above).

[0312] A coating is low emissivity, in particular with the normal emissivity is preferably less than 0.50, in particular 0.30 and even 0.20 or even 0.10. It is preferably a stack of thin layers comprising at least one (in particular two, three or four) layer of silver (preferably on the second face or on a film between the second face and the first upper additional layer) or a layer of a transparent conductive oxide (preferably on the F4 face), in particular chosen from tin and indium oxides, zinc oxides doped with aluminum or gallium or tin oxides doped with fluorine or antimony. These functional layers are generally interposed between dielectric layers based on oxides, nitrides and / or oxide nitrides. The thermal comfort of the occupants is further improved by the presence of such a stack, particularly for a roof, stack on the F4 face based on ITO.

[0313] The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a road or automobile vehicle, incorporating the luminous glazing defined above.

[0314] In the mounted position in the motor vehicle, in the case of a laminated roof, the fourth face is preferably the inner face of the motor vehicle, conventionally referred to as face F4. The roof can be opening or fixed.

[0315] The first sheet may be the outer sheet in particular, the glazing is selected from a roof, a windshield, a side window, or the first sheet may be the inner sheet in particular, the glazing is selected from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing.

[0316] Laminated glass is generally curved, particularly in one or two directions, in order to integrate perfectly with the vehicle body.

[0317] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the laminated glazing according to the invention. The manufacture of the laminated glazing according to the invention may comprise:

[0318] - an assembly of the first glass sheet (preferably mineral), the lamination interlayer comprising at least the adhesive intermediate layer and the second glass sheet, in particular the adhesive intermediate layer is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film made of partially photocrosslinked polymer material before assembly or an adhesive coating on a polymer or glass support (ultra-thin) forming the first additional upper or lower layer.

[0319] The manufacture of luminous (laminated) glazing according to the invention may comprise:

[0320] - an assembly of the first glass sheet (preferably mineral), of the lamination interlayer comprising at least the adhesive intermediate layer and of the second glass sheet, in particular the method comprises, before assembly, the liquid deposition of a crosslinkable adhesive of the adhesive intermediate layer (on the second and / or first glass sheet or on the first or second additional upper or lower layer) and preferably the method comprises photocrosslinking of the adhesive intermediate layer, in particular by UV(A).

[0321] Assembly refers to the stacking of different elements.

[0322] The lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise an operation which allows the adhesive contacting of crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) (of the lamination interlayer) according to the invention with the second and third faces, for example at least of the intermediate adhesive layer, and possibly first additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer. If the intermediate adhesive layer is of the PSA type, the adhesive contacting is carried out by simple contacting (with one or the second and third faces or with one or the first additional lower and / or upper layers).

[0323] Preferably, the lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention comprises at least degassing of the assembled elements (already in adhesive contact or in non-adhesive contact) to avoid bubbling and pressure is applied to the assembled elements.

[0324] After assembly, the lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention may involve, for example, degassing (oven, etc.) and autoclaving (positive pressure).

[0325] Lamination may involve a step of (photo)crosslinking of crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) (intermediate adhesive layer, and possibly first additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer), possibly already partially photocrosslinked before assembly, for example using a UVA source

[0326] The autoclave cycle may be at room temperature, at a temperature in a range of 30-50°C at a pressure in a range of 2 to 5 bars and for a duration of at most 1 hour, in particular at least 15 minutes.

[0327] When the luminous glazing according to the invention comprises a thermoplastic adhesive layer, such as PVB, the lamination of the glazing according to the invention comprises a vacuum and a pressurization with heating, the lamination step leading to the thermoplastic adhesive layer being brought into adhesive contact with the face of the adjoining layer, for example the second face (and on the other side in contact with the intermediate adhesive layer or first additional upper layer).

[0328] The adhesive intermediate layer (or any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention) can be obtained from a crosslinkable adhesive (by UV or two-component crosslinkable by chemical reaction) which is deposited on a surface.

[0329] A pre-crosslinking step (UV or advancing the chemical reaction) is advantageous in order to gel the crosslinkable adhesive. Then a vacuum is created to evacuate the trapped air and complete the crosslinking in order to obtain good adhesion.

[0330] In short:

[0331] - in the case of a lamination interlayer comprising one or more OCA films and free from thermoplastic adhesive film, the manufacturing process of the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise lamination by calendering or using a vacuum press, followed by autoclave treatment (to eliminate residual air bubbles and optimize adhesion).

[0332] - in the case of an interlayer comprising at least one thermoplastic adhesive film (in addition to an OCA film or even an OCA coating), the method for manufacturing the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise lamination by autoclave treatment, for example at temperatures of 110 to 160°C and under a pressure ranging from 10 to 15 bars and even. prior to the autoclave treatment, the air trapped between the glass sheets and the lamination interlayer is eliminated by calendering or by vacuum.

[0333] Other details and advantageous characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the examples according to the invention illustrated by the following figures.

[0334] [Fig. 1] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle according to the invention in a first embodiment.

[0335] [Fig. 1'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 1.

[0336] [Fig. 2] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment.

[0337] [Fig. 2'] represents a schematic sectional view of the luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle which is a roof mounted in a vehicle.

[0338] [Fig. 3] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a third embodiment.

[0339] [Fig. 3'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 3.

[0340] [Fig. 4] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a fourth embodiment.

[0341] [Fig. 4'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 4.

[0342] [Fig. 5] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a fifth embodiment.

[0343] [Fig. 5'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 5.

[0344] [Fig. 6] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a sixth embodiment.

[0345] [Fig. 7] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a seventh embodiment. [Fig. 7'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 7.

[0346] [Fig. 8] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in an eighth embodiment.

[0347] [Fig. 9] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a ninth embodiment.

[0348] [Fig. 10] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a tenth embodiment.

[0349] [Fig. 10'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 10.

[0350] [Fig. 11] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in an eleventh embodiment.

[0351] [Fig. 12] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a twelfth embodiment by injection of peripheral light.

[0352] [Fig. 12'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of figure 12. [Fig. 13] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a thirteenth embodiment.

[0353] [Fig. 14] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0354] [Fig. 15] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a fifteenth embodiment.

[0355] [Fig. 16] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a sixteenth embodiment.

[0356] Please note that for the sake of clarity, the various elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0357] Figure 1 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle 100 according to the invention in a first embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). Figure 1' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit 100 of Figure 1.

[0358] This is a 100 laminated glazing which is here for example a car roof, rectangular and curved, which includes:

[0359] - a first sheet of glass 1, forming here an external sheet, for example rectangular (of dimensions 300X300 mm for example), with a composition for a tinted solar control function (VENUS VG10 or TSA 4+ glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass) or else a clear glass, first sheet 1 for example of thickness equal to 2.1 mm with a first main face 11 corresponding to the face F1 a second main face 12 on the inner side called F2 possibly coated with an athermal coating, solar control (if glass 1 clear or extraclear) or even heating etc, and an edge (longitudinal slices 10 and 10'), of refractive index nv for example of at least 1.5 in the visible

[0360] - a 3-layer lamination interlayer, polymer (transparent), single or multi-layer (films etc.)

[0361] - a second sheet of glass 2, here of the same dimensions as the glass 1, forming internal glazing, on the passenger compartment side, made of mineral glass here, having a third main face 13 corresponding to the face F3 and a fourth main face 14 which is the face F4, and an edge (longitudinal slices 21 and 22 - of thickness equal for example to 2.1 mm or even thinner, of refractive index n'v for example of at least 1.5 in the visible.

[0362] The second face 12 comprises an internal masking layer 7 forming a masking frame, for example a black enamel (deposited on the second face 12), delimiting a window clear 16 (daylight) here rectangular (see figure 1').

[0363] The second glass sheet 2 is preferably sodium-calcium silicate, in particular clear or extra-clear such as Diamant glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass, n'v being of the order of 1.52 at 550nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95mm. Preferably the difference in absolute value between n'v and nv is at most 0.04 or 0.02 or even zero.

[0364] The second glass sheet 2 possibly comprises an athermal stack with ITO 15 on the fourth face 14 here F4.

[0365] The lamination interlayer 3 extends, for example, to the edges of the glasses 1, 2.

[0366] For example, the lamination interlayer and even the laminated glazing have a haze of at most 1%.

[0367] More precisely in a compact version of the glazing according to the invention, the lamination interlayer comprises and even here is made up of an adhesive intermediate layer 3 made of crosslinked polymer material, with a thickness E0 of at most 2 mm or even 1 mm and at least 200 pm. It has a refractive index nO in the visible, with nO-nv which is at least 0.04 and even at least 0.1 in the visible, and n0-n'v which is at least 0.04 and even at least 0.1 in the visible.

[0368] The adhesive intermediate layer 3 has first and second edges 30, 30', here longitudinal, possibly offset from the longitudinal edges 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore set back).

[0369] A light source 4 is optically coupled with the adhesive intermediate layer 3 forming a light guide. The light ray (after refraction on the coupling edge 30) propagates by total internal reflection at the level of the second face F2 and the third face F3 in the adhesive intermediate light guide layer by the choices of nO, nv and n'v.

[0370] Considering n'v and nv of the order of 1.52, nO of at least 1.56 and even 1.62 or more is preferred. Not only is the glazing of simple design due to the choice of a single interlayer, there is less risk of chemical incompatibility between different interlayer or non-adhesive polymer materials.

[0371] The minimum value of E0 makes it easier to inject light and E0 is even at least 0.4mm or 0.8mm (to further facilitate injection). To strengthen the mechanics, E0 can be increased further. Preferably, E0 is at most 1 mm (if too thick, it is less easy to assemble).

[0372] The crosslinked polymer material of the adhesive intermediate layer 3 comprises a polymer chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, in particular urethane acrylate, or based on epoxy or polyepoxides, or polyfluorene with acrylate function.

[0373] The crosslinked polymer material is for example based on polyfluorene with acrylate function or based on epoxy, and / or based on polymer, preferably polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate, loaded with nanoparticles with a refractive index of at least 1.8 or even at least 2 or 2.2, in particular metal oxides (for example titanium oxides) preferably of a size of at most 300nm. In a first embodiment, this may be a deposit of photo-crosslinkable adhesive on one of the faces F2 or F3 (or by filling in a cavity between F2 and F3) and photo-crosslinking by UVA.

[0374] In an example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive intermediate layer in the form of a coating, a single-component crosslinkable LIV resin based on acrylate-functional polyfluorene is deposited, in particular the product called Shin-A SBPF-022 with a refractive index nO equal to 1.60. This adhesive coating (or at least one of the faces F2 or F3) can be textured locally for the extraction of the guided light (as described later).

[0375] In a second embodiment, the adhesive intermediate layer 3 may be a self-supporting crosslinked polymer film chosen in particular from:

[0376] - pressure-sensitive film, preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyfluorene with said acrylate function or else film based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate possibly loaded with said aforementioned high-index nanoparticles

[0377] - or a so-called post-adhesive film; of partially crosslinked polymer before assembly; and preferably photocrosslinked, and even preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyfluorene with said acrylate function or based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate or even film based on polyacrylate possibly loaded with said aforementioned high index nanoparticles.

[0378] With a so-called post-adhesive film, the adhesive contact results from the continuation of photocrosslinking. Before continuing crosslinking, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing, then placed in an autoclave under pressure - positive pressure 2-4 bars - for example and possibly at a temperature above ambient.

[0379] In particular, pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) film adheres by contact after applying mechanical pressure.

[0380] This OCA film (PSA or post adhesive) can be textured locally for extraction (extractor film) as described later.

[0381] When the adhesive intermediate layer 3 is a PSA crosslinked film, pressure was applied by roller and then autoclaved.

[0382] A partially photocrosslinked film, for example, based on acrylate, can be used and assembled with the glasses. Photocrosslinking is completed by UVA.

[0383] Light-emitting diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 30 of the intermediate layer 3. The light injection is peripheral and via the edge of the adhesive intermediate layer 3. These are front-emitting diodes. Thus, these diodes 4 are aligned on a PCB support 5, for example a parallelepiped strip. The PCB support 5 is spaced apart or in contact with the edge 30 of the adhesive intermediate layer 3 and / or fixed, for example, by glue (or double-sided adhesive) to the glazing via the edge 10 or 21 or to the edge 21 and / or even to the face F4. The injection of light from the light source into the adhesive intermediate layer is here via a edge of the adhesive intermediate layer 3 or, alternatively, via a wall of a closed hole in the adhesive intermediate layer 3. The edge 30 may have a notch.

[0384] Alternatively, the light source may be one or more primary sources (diodes, etc.) coupled directly to a guide, along the coupling edge 30, for example an extractor optical fiber with a light exit zone (texturing of the optical fiber, etc.).

[0385] The luminous glazing 100 may have a plurality of extraction zones 6 for the guided light, in particular of given geometry (rectangular, square, round, etc.).

[0386] Examples of light extraction methods include:

[0387] - a texturing of a so-called textured element chosen from the adhesive intermediate layer, or at least one of the first upper and lower layers, in particular at least one of the first upper and lower additional layers or at least one of the second and third faces, or even an extractor film inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers, in particular at least one of the first upper and lower additional layers or at least one of the second and third faces, and the adhesive intermediate layer

[0388] - or a diffusing layer comprising a binder and diffusing particles and / or pores, inserted between one of the first upper or lower layers and the adhesive intermediate layer.

[0389] For example, for the light extraction means, this involves a diffusing layer 6 (screen-printed, for example, an enamel, etc.) on the third face 13 F3 and even alternatively or cumulatively on the second face 12 F2, a layer preferably in the clear glass 16. Alternatively, it may be a local extractor film placed or glued locally on the third or second face (in relief or with a diffusing layer or diffusing in mass).

[0390] The extraction means are in plain view but could be peripheral, under the internal masking layer 7 and visible from the passenger compartment.

[0391] For example, the distance between the extraction 6 and the diodes 4 is at least 10 or 40 mm. For example, the extraction 6 occupies from 10 to 100% of the window clear 16. As shown in Figure 1, it is possible to have a set of disjoint diffusing patterns 6, for example rectangular in shape. Several series of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, over the entire periphery) can be provided, controlled independently and even of different colors. Diodes emitting white or colored light can be chosen for ambient lighting, reading lighting, etc. Red light can be chosen for signaling, possibly alternating with green light. The diode support 5 can be glued to the edge 30.

[0392] Furthermore, if necessary for protection purposes, a so-called framing layer (not shown) can surround the edge of the intermediate layer 3, preferably a thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer and in contact with the intermediate layer 3 and in adhesive contact with the third face and with the second face, in particular a framing layer offset from the glass clear. If this is the case, it may be preferred to limit losses that the injection is directly through the coupling edge without refraction in the framing layer. To do this, the framing layer 3 may be locally absent (hollowed out) in the coupling zone. Preferably, the emitting face of the diodes and the coupling edge 30 is at most 5 cm or even 5 mm or even in adhesive contact or not.

[0393] Alternatively, the light source may be an assembly comprising a primary diode and a guide or an optical fiber with extraction zone(s) facing the coupling edge 30.

[0394] Preferably the second sheet 2 and / or any other layer being colorless on the side of the extracted light observer (interior in the passenger compartment here, or exterior outside the vehicle) The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9mm or 7mm, in particular for this road vehicle.

[0395] The front and rear side edges 3', 3” of the adhesive intermediate layer 3 may be set back from the front 20 and rear 20' side edges of the first or second glass sheet.

[0396] The longitudinal edges 30, 30' of the adhesive intermediate layer 3 may be set back from the longitudinal edges 10, 21, 10', 22 of the first or second glass sheets.

[0397] Preferably the adhesive intermediate layer 3 occupies at least 90% of the main surface of the glazing.

[0398] Alternatively to extra-clear glass for the second sheet, organic glass, for example PC, can be used, and preferably the first sheet of glass is then tempered.

[0399] The roof 100 can form, for example, a fixed luminous panoramic roof of a motor vehicle such as a car, mounted from the outside on a bodywork.

[0400] This laminated luminous glazing 100 can alternatively form a windshield with internal light signaling (pictogram etc.) in particular for driving assistance. The diffusing layer 6 (or any other extraction means) forms for example an anti-collision signal in particular along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, the light comes on (red) when a vehicle in front is too close.

[0401] This laminated luminous glazing 100 can alternately form a front or rear quarter panel or a front windshield with luminous decoration or external luminous signaling. The diffusing layer 6 forms, for example, a turn signal repeater or a LOGO. In these latter cases, the second clear glass sheet (preferably mineral) is the exterior glazing (fourth face is face F1, third face is face F2) and the first glass sheet is the interior glazing (tinted or clear, colorless) with the first face being face F4, and the second face being face F3. Figure 2 represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing unit for a motor vehicle 200 in a second embodiment (by injection of peripheral light here via a slice). Figure 2' represents a schematic sectional view of the laminated luminous glazing unit 200 for a motor vehicle which is a roof mounted in a vehicle.

[0402] This 200 glazing differs firstly from 100 glazing in that the following are added:

[0403] - between the second face 12 and the intermediate layer 3 a first additional upper layer 31 a which is for example a non-adhesive coating deposited on the second face 12, for example porous sol-gel silica, preferably with a thickness of at least 400 nm or 800 nm and with a refractive index n1 with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25 and in particular n1 <nv,

[0404] - between the intermediate layer 3 and the third face 12 a first additional lower layer 31 b which is for example a non-adhesive coating deposited on the third face, for example porous sol-gel silica, preferably with a thickness of at least 400 nm or 800 nm and with a refractive index n'1 with n0-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25 and in particular n1 <nv.

[0405] Thanks to these layers 31 a and 31 b we can choose an intermediate adhesive layer 3 with nO lower than 1.56 (example in figure 1). For example, if n1 is at most 1.43 we choose nO of at most 1.47, if n1 is at most 1.4 we choose nO of at most 1.44.

[0406] The adhesive intermediate layer 3 may be based on acrylate, for example in particular the product called UZ181A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (refractive index 1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0407] In another example of an adhesive intermediate layer 3 in the form of a coating, a crosslinkable UV resin based on mercapto ester is deposited, the product called NOA 65 from the company Norland with a refractive index equal to 1.524.

[0408] A PSA film based on acrylate includes the product called CS986 (refractive index 1.47) from Nitto.

[0409] This 200 glazing also differs from 100 glazing in that:

[0410] - the diodes 4 are side-emitting under a peripheral part 121 of the second face 12 and masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 7, and even glued to the part 121 by a glue 60 (double-sided tape etc.)

[0411] - the second sheet of glass is possibly smaller than the first sheet (edge ​​21 set back from edge 10)

[0412] - it is encapsulated by a polymeric encapsulation 8 in particular flush with the first sheet 1 which can be perforated (hole towards the passenger compartment etc.) to dismantle the light source 4.

[0413] The roof 200 may form, for example, a fixed luminous panoramic roof 200 of a motor vehicle such as a car, mounted from the outside on the bodywork 8' via an adhesive 61' as shown in FIG. 2'. The same applies to all the other examples. FIG. 3 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 300 in a third embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). FIG. 3' (for example a roof) represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of FIG. 3.

[0414] This glazing 300 differs from the glazing 100 in that the light source (side-emitting diodes 4 here and on its PCB support 5) has been inserted between the second face and third face. The rear face of the support 5 can be plated or glued onto the internal masking layer 7. It may be desirable to have a peripheral, opaque internal masking layer 7' on the fourth main face 14, in particular congruent or of a width less than the width of the internal masking layer 7 and adjacent to the possible athermal layer 15.

[0415] Alternatively (or cumulatively) to a linear light source of the diode bar type 4, one or more more local light sources 40 may be provided in peripheral holes 17 of the adhesive intermediate layer 3, for example along the rear lateral edge 20' (or front) of the glazing.

[0416] The diode support 5 can protrude from the glass slice 10 and / or 21 while keeping the diodes in contact with the guide 3. The contact can be adhesive between the diodes (emitting face, or collimation optics or other optical element) and the OCA guide layer 3, which allows good positioning and maintenance.

[0417] Alternatively, the coupling edge 30 is set back sufficiently to place all or part of the light source (diodes and diode support).

[0418] We can also have extraction means 6' between layer 3 and the second face 12, (light extraction for the interior or exterior depending on the glazing).

[0419] The extraction means 6 or 6' are in the clear view but could be peripheral, under the internal masking layer in an area without an internal masking layer 7'.

[0420] For example, the extraction means 6 are diffusing strips 6 in the viewport 16 here.

[0421] Figure 4 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle 400 in a fourth embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). Figure 4' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit 400.

[0422] This glazing 400 (for example a roof) differs from the previous glazing 300 in that the diodes 4 are front-emitting. The diode support (the diode strip) 5 can be wedged by means of spacers, spacers (not shown) between the second face 12 and the support 5 and / or between the support 5 and the third face 13. Another light source 4' has been added on another PCB support 5' along the longitudinal edge 22 opposite the first edge 21. For example, the colors or the on / off triggers can be varied. In the case where the internal masking layer 7 is not sufficiently opaque to mask the diodes 4, an opaque element can be added between the diodes and the internal masking layer 7.

[0423] The diode support 5 (or 5') can protrude from the glass edge 10 and / or 21, keeping the diodes in contact with the guide 3. The contact can be adhesive between the diodes (emitting face, or collimation optics or other optical element) and the OCA guide layer 3, which allows good positioning and maintenance.

[0424] For example, the extraction means 6 are diffusing strips 6 in the viewport 16 here. The inner masking layer has been omitted, for example, as have the extraction means on the face F2 12.

[0425] Alternatively, the coupling edge 30 is recessed sufficiently to place all or part of the light source (diodes and diode support) between the second and third faces.

[0426] Figure 5 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 500 in a fifth embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). Figure 5' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit 500.

[0427] This glazing 500 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing 100 in that the coupling edge 30 is set back sufficiently to place all or part of the light source (diodes 4 and diode support 5) between the second and third faces 12, 13.

[0428] Furthermore, for protection purposes, a so-called framing layer 90 surrounds the periphery of the edge of the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide and is in adhesive contact with the intermediate layer 3 and in adhesive contact with the third face and with the second face.

[0429] The framing layer 90 is preferably made of PVB.

[0430] The inner edge of the framing layer 90 is offset from the clear glass, under the inner masking layer 7.

[0431] Furthermore, the light source (diodes and support are housed in a profile 80 of U-shaped (or L-shaped) section, with a base 80 and returns 81, 82 plated or glued to the second and third faces 12, 13. Here the profile module and light source 4 is linked to the framing layer 90 so that between the coupling edge 30 and the diodes there is an area with the framing layer 90.

[0432] To limit losses, it may be preferred that the light injection be directly through the coupling edge without refraction in the framing layer 90. To do this, the framing layer 90 may be locally hollowed out in the coupling zone.

[0433] Figure 6 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 600 in a sixth embodiment (by injection of peripheral light via the coupling edge 30). This glazing 600 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing 100 in that the light source diodes 4 (with side emission) on diode support 5 are fixed via a bonding 60 in a peripheral zone 121 of the second face 12, protruding from the edge 30.

[0434] For example, the second glass 2 is smaller than the first glass 1 or has a notch.

[0435] Figure 7 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle 700 in a seventh embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass. Figure T represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 7.

[0436] This glazing 700 (for example a roof) thus differs from glazing 100 by the injection of light, in particular the location of the light source 4. The beam of the diodes can be inclined rather than perpendicular.

[0437] Diodes 4 (here front-emitting) on ​​a diode support 5 are opposite (or offset from) the fourth main face 14 and the optical coupling with the layer 3 is done via a light redirection element for guidance, local like an optical redirector film 9, facing the internal masking layer 7.

[0438] For example, it is a polymer prismatic film (polyester including PET, PC) with a textured face comprising preferably reflective prisms 91 (prisms coated with a reflective, conformal layer, for example metallic) and a flat part (face) 92 (opposite the textured face, film with a thickness of 100 to 300 pm, preferably at most 150 pm. The prismatic film 9 forms a longitudinal strip like the linear diode light source 4 along a longitudinal edge 21 of the roof for example. Here the prisms are oriented towards the second face.

[0439] The prismatic film 9 is here all or part within the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide, for example closer to the second face than to the third face. The prisms 91 may project from the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide and be in contact with the internal masking layer 7 or with the interposition of an adhesive or another layer. The reflective prismatic film 9 may also be on the surface of the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide, with the prisms in contact with the internal layer 7 or with the interposition of an adhesive or a layer. The prismatic film, in particular the reflective film 9, may also be on the surface of the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide, with the prisms oriented towards the face F3 in contact with the guide layer, in particular with the flat face 92 in contact with the internal masking layer 7 with the interposition of an adhesive or a layer.This prismatic film 9 here is of a thickness less than the thickness of the adhesive guide layer 3 which is for example at most 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm and in particular at least 100 pm. It is a flexible film, therefore curved, adapting to the curvature of the glazing, for example a transparent plastic film with a possible reflective layer on the prisms or an ultra-thin glass with a possible reflective layer on the prisms. The beam of the diode can be inclined rather than perpendicular. This prismatic film 9 and / or the light source 4 is for example at most 100 mm from the clear glass and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0440] Figure 8 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 800 in an eighth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass

[0441] This glazing 800 (for example a roof) differs from the previous glazing 700 in that the prisms 91, possibly reflectors, are oriented towards the third face 13 instead of the second face 12.

[0442] The flat face opposite the prisms may be spaced (separated by another layer) or glued or in contact with the internal masking layer 7.

[0443] If necessary, the ITO-based layer has a 15' spacing in line with the light source 4.

[0444] Figure 9 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 900 in a ninth embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). This glazing unit 900 (for example a roof) differs firstly from the glazing unit 100 in that the following are added:

[0445] - between the second face 12 and the intermediate layer 3 a first additional upper layer 31 which is a polymer adhesive layer, thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU) or crosslinked polymer (OCA type) in particular in film or coating deposited on the second face, and of refractive index n1 with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25 and in particular n1 <nv,

[0446] - between the intermediate layer 3 and the third face 12 a first additional lower layer 32 which is a polymer adhesive layer, thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU) or crosslinked polymer (OCA type), in particular in film or coating deposited on the third face, of refractive index n'1 with n0-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25 and in particular n1 <nv.

[0447] The first additional upper layer 31 is at least 1 pm (in particular if coating) or 30 pm (in particular if OCA film), and is preferably submillimeter.

[0448] The first lower additional layer 32 is at least 1 pm (particularly if coating) or 30 pm (particularly if OCA film), and is preferably submillimeter.

[0449] The thickness of the first additional upper and / or lower layer can be adapted for mechanical contribution.

[0450] Thanks to these layers 31 and 32 we can choose an intermediate adhesive layer 3 with nO lower than 1.56 (case of example 100). For example if n1 is at most 1.43 we choose nO of at most 1.47, if n1 is at most 1.4 we choose nO of at most 1.44.

[0451] To form the OCA 31, 32 coatings, the following resins may be mentioned as low refractive index crosslinkable liquid adhesive: - based on urethane acrylate, for example from the company Norland, in particular the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (refractive index 1.315) which is an aliphatic urethane acrylate,

[0452] - based on fluorourethane acrylate, for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called SFA 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389),

[0453] - based on acrylate, for example the product called LIZ181A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (refractive index 1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0454] A PSA film based on acrylate includes the product called CS986 (refractive index 1.47) from Nitto.

[0455] As a silicone-based PSA film (preferably for the first additional lower and / or upper layer because of its low refractive index), we can cite the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the Taica company (refractive index 1.41).

[0456] The adhesive intermediate layer 3 can always be based on acrylate, for example in particular the product called UZ181 A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (refractive index 1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0457] In another example of an adhesive intermediate layer 3 in the form of a coating, a crosslinkable UV resin based on mercapto ester is deposited, the product called NOA 65 from the company Norland with a refractive index equal to 1.524.

[0458] For the adhesive intermediate layer 3, we can cite acrylate-based PSA film, we can cite the product called CS986 (refractive index 1.47) from the company Nitto.

[0459] We can have three-layer OCA configurations, in particular all based on acrylate, preferably to avoid chemical pollution:

[0460] - coating 31 / film 3 / coating 32

[0461] - film 31 / coating 3 / coating 32

[0462] - coating 31 / coating 3 / film 32

[0463] - film 31 / coating 3 / film 32

[0464] - film 31 / film 3 / film 32.

[0465] We can have three-layer configurations with thermoplastic adhesive or even OCA:

[0466] - OCA 31 / film 3 / PVB or EVA 32 coating

[0467] - PVB film 31 / film 3 / OCA coating 32

[0468] - PVB 31 film / film 3 / PVB 32 film

[0469] - PVB or EVA 31 film / film 3 / EVA 32 film.

[0470] EVA has a lower refractive index than TPU and may be preferred for lamination to a glass sheet, particularly an organic one. Furthermore, if necessary, a so-called PVB framing layer (not shown) may surround the edge of the edge of the adhesive intermediate layer. One or both layers 31 and 32 may be PVB layers extending beyond the edges 30', 30 of layer 3 and even without a discernible interface with the framing layer between these extending edges of layers 31 and 32.

[0471] The first lower and / or upper layer may be a layer extending beyond the edges of layer 3 and even without a discernible interface with the framing layer. This glazing 900 also differs from glazing 100 in that:

[0472] - the diodes 4 are side-emitting under a peripheral part 121 of the second face 12 and masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 7, and even glued to the part 121 by a glue 60 (double-sided tape etc.)

[0473] - the second sheet of glass 2 is possibly smaller than the first sheet 1 (edge ​​21 set back from edge 10.

[0474] Figure 10 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 1000 in a tenth embodiment. Figure 10' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 10.

[0475] This glazing 1000 (for example a roof) differs from the previous glazing 900 in that the diodes 4 are front-emitting. The diode support (the diode strip) 5 can be wedged by means of spacers, spacers (not shown) between the second face 12 and the support 5 and / or between the support 5 and the third face 13. Another light source 4' has been added on another PCB support 5' (here in two separate or possibly connected pieces) along the longitudinal edge 22 opposite the first edge 21. For example, the colors or the on / off triggers can be varied.

[0476] In the case where the internal masking layer 7 is not sufficiently opaque to mask the diodes 4, an opaque element can be added between the diodes and the internal masking layer 7.

[0477] The diode support 5 (or 5') can protrude from the glass slice 10 and / or 21, keeping the diodes in contact with the guide 3. The contact can be adhesive between the diodes (emitting or optical face) and the layer 3 forming the guide.

[0478] Alternatively (or cumulatively) to a linear light source of the diode bar type 4, it is possible to have more local light sources in peripheral holes 17 of the intermediate layer 3, for example along the front lateral edge 20 of the glazing.

[0479] Figure 11 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 1100 in an eleventh embodiment.

[0480] This glazing 1100 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing 1000 mainly in that: - the coupling edge 30 is set back, providing a groove 41, the diodes 4 and the support 5 housed in an L-shaped profile with a base 80, and a return 81 in the groove 41

[0481] - a (first and here only) additional upper adhesive layer 33 is added between the second face and the additional upper adhesive layer 31 (thermoplastic or OCA) as mentioned above or even non-adhesive thermoplastic for example for mechanical reinforcement, in particular layer 33 which is a thermoplastic film of PVB for example of 0.38 or 0.76mm or TPU or even an EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset).

[0482] The upper additional layer 31 is for example a thermoplastic film (sufficiently low index, and for example at least 30 pm) for example forming a barrier film between the OCA guide layer 3 and the upper additional adhesive layer 33 chosen from PVB. The thermoplastic film 31 may have another functionality (extractor, athermal, etc.)

[0483] The upper additional layer 31 is for example an OCA layer as already described and the upper additional adhesive layer 33 chosen PVB or even the reverse if the refractive index of the PVB is sufficiently low.

[0484] We can also have extraction means 6' between layer 3 and the upper additional layer 31, extraction of light for the interior (or the exterior for other glazing).

[0485] The extraction means 6 or 6' are in the clear view but could be peripheral, under the internal masking layer in an area without an internal masking layer 7'. Cumulatively or alternatively, a lower additional (first) adhesive layer can be added between the lower additional polymer layer 32 (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic or non-adhesive, in particular thermoplastic film) and the third face 13, for example, for mechanical reinforcement. In particular, the lower additional (first) adhesive layer is a thermoplastic film of PVB, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm or TPU or even an EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset). In particular, EVA is chosen if the second sheet is an organic glass.

[0486] Figure 12 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 1200 in a twelfth embodiment by injection of peripheral light. Figure 12' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 12. This glazing unit 1200 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing unit 1000 in that the coupling edge 30 is set back, forming a groove, the side-emitting diodes 4 and the support 5 are in the groove 41.

[0487] The coupling edge 30 may include a notch for inserting diodes and support.

[0488] Figure 13 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 1300 in a thirteenth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass. This glazing unit 1300 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing unit 1000 by the injection of light and the location of the light source 4.

[0489] Diodes 4 (here front-emitting) on ​​a diode support 5 are opposite (or offset from) the fourth main face 14 and the optical coupling with the layer 3 is done via a light redirection element for guidance, local like an optical redirector film 9, facing the internal masking layer 7.

[0490] For example, it is a polymer prismatic film (polyester, PET for example, or PC) with preferably reflective prisms 91 and a flat part 92, film for example with a thickness of 100 to 300 pm, preferably at most 150 pm. The prismatic film 9 forms a longitudinal strip like the linear diode light source 4 along a longitudinal edge 21 of the roof for example. The beam of the diodes can be inclined rather than perpendicular.

[0491] The prismatic film 9 is here on the surface of the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide.

[0492] The prisms protrude from the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide and are in contact with the additional upper layer 31 (OCA or alternatively thermoplastic adhesive). Otherwise, the prismatic film 9 is entirely or partly within the adhesive layer 3 forming a guide, for example closer to the second face than to the third face.

[0493] This prismatic film 9 here is of a thickness less than the thickness of the guide adhesive layer 3 and for example at most 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm. It is a flexible film, therefore curved, adapting to the curvature of the glazing, for example a transparent plastic film with a reflective layer or an ultra-thin glass with a reflective layer.

[0494] This prismatic film 9 and / or the light source 4 is for example at most 100 mm from the glass clear and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0495] In the case where the internal masking layer 7 is not sufficiently opaque to mask the diodes 4, an opaque element 83 is added between the film 9 and the internal masking layer 7.

[0496] Alternatively, the prisms can be oriented towards the OCA guide layer 3. Alternatively, the prismatic film is transparent and between the lower layer 32 and the guide layer 3

[0497] Figure 14 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 1400 in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0498] This glazing 1400 (for example a roof) differs from the previous glazing 1300 in that a first additional adhesive layer 33, polymer, is added between the second face and the upper additional polymer layer 31. For example, the additional adhesive layer 33 provides mechanical reinforcement, in particular a PVB film, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm.

[0499] The upper additional layer 31 can then be adhesive (OCA or thermoplastic) or a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive). The upper additional layer 31 can be a thermoplastic film (sufficiently low index, and for example at least 30 pm) for example forming a barrier film between the OCA guide layer 3 and the first additional PVB adhesive layer 33. The thermoplastic film 31 can have another functionality (extractor, athermal, etc.).

[0500] It is also possible to have extraction means 6' between the layer 3 and the upper additional layer 31, extracting light for the interior or the exterior (depending on the type of glazing). The extraction means 6 or 6' are in the clear view but could be peripheral, under the internal masking layer in an area without an internal masking layer 7'.

[0501] Alternatively, the prisms can be oriented towards the OCA guide layer 3. Alternatively, the prismatic film is transparent and between the lower layer 32 and the guide layer 3.

[0502] Figure 15 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 1500 in a fifteenth embodiment.

[0503] This 1500 glazing (for example a roof) differs firstly from the previous 1400 glazing by the injection of peripheral light (like the 900 glazing).

[0504] This 1500 glazing differs from the previous 1400 glazing in that a first (and only) lower additional polymer adhesive layer 34 is added between the lower additional polymer layer 32 and the third face 13. For example, the lower additional adhesive layer 34 provides mechanical reinforcement, in particular it is a PVB film, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm or EVA or TPU.

[0505] The lower additional layer 32 can then be adhesive (OCA or thermoplastic) or a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive). The lower additional layer 32 can be a thermoplastic film (sufficiently low index, and for example at least 30 pm) for example forming a barrier film between the OCA guide layer 3 and the first additional adhesive layer 33 (PVB etc.).

[0506] For example, we have the following stacking between faces 12 and 13:

[0507] - PVB 33 ​​ / thermoplastic film (barrier, LOCA 3 support, athermal etc.) or OCA film (PSA film etc.) 31 / LOCA 3 film or coating / thermoplastic film 3 (barrier, LOCA 3 support) or OCA film 32 / PVB 34

[0508] - PVB or EVA or TPU 33 / thermoplastic film (barrier, LOCA 3 support, athermal etc.), or OCA film (PSA film etc.) 31 / LOCA 3 film or coating / thermoplastic film (barrier, LOCA 3 support) or OCA film 32 / EVA or TPU 34 (if organic sheet 2).

[0509] Figure 16 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 1600 in a sixteenth embodiment.

[0510] This glazing 1500 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing 900 in that the following are added between the upper additional layer 31 and the second face 12 in this order: - a first upper additional layer 33, polymer which is adhesive, OCA (in particular film) or thermoplastic, or a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive) such as PET or glass (non-adhesive film supporting LOCA or athermal, tinted, barrier film between OCA and adhesive thermoplastic etc.), in particular tinted,

[0511] - a second additional upper adhesive layer 35 polymer, OCA or thermoplastic (PVB etc) in particular tinted

[0512] For example, we have the following sequence of layers: PVB 35 / thermoplastic film (barrier or athermal or LOCA support etc.) such as PET 33 / OCA film or coating (possibly tinted) 31.

[0513] And are added between the lower additional layer 32 and the third face in this order:

[0514] - a first additional lower layer 34, polymer (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic, or a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive))

[0515] - a second additional lower adhesive layer 36 polymer.

[0516] For example, we have the following sequence: OCA film (possibly tinted) 32 / thermoplastic film (barrier etc.) such as PET 34 / PVB 36.

[0517] We could have an asymmetrical structure with three layers 31, 33, 35 (adhesive) and two layers 32 (possibly adhesive), 34 (adhesive) or the reverse: three layers 32 (possibly adhesive), 34 (possibly adhesive), 36 (adhesive) and two layers 31, 33 (adhesive).

[0518] In all embodiments illustrated:

[0519] - at least one of the upper layers 31, 33, 35 can be tinted

[0520] - and / or the first sheet 1 be tinted and / or clear with an athermal coating (silver stacking etc.).

[0521] The indices nv and n'v can be distinct, in particular n'v>nv (plastic sheet etc.) we can of course also have n'1 and n1 distinct. In particular if n'v is high enough we can have an additional upper OCA layer and no additional lower layer (n'v=n'1), the total internal reflection being ensured by the second sheet.

[0522] When the diode support (the diode strip) 5 is between the second and third faces, it can be force-mounted and / or wedged by means of spacers, spacers between the second face 12 and the support 5 or a profile housing the support and / or between the third face 13 and the support 5 or a profile housing the support.

[0523] The second glass sheet (inner) can be made of organic glass, for example PC, PMMA.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Luminous glazing for vehicles, particularly road vehicles (100 to 1600) comprising laminated glazing, preferably curved, comprising: - a first sheet (1), made of mineral or organic glass, with a first main face (11) and a second main face (12) - a second sheet (2), made of mineral or organic glass, with a third main face (13) and a fourth main face (14), - a polymer lamination interlayer (3, 31 to 36), - a first upper layer with a refractive index n1 in the visible, - a first lower layer with a refractive index n'1 in the visible, the first upper layer being the first sheet or a first additional upper layer (31), between the first sheet and an intermediate layer, the first lower layer being the second sheet or a first additional lower layer (32), between the second sheet and the intermediate layer - between the first lower and upper layers, and in contact with, the intermediate layer with a refractive index nO in the visible, with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, and n0-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, - a light source (4) optically coupled with the intermediate layer forming a light guide, - light extraction means, guided light extraction (6, 6') in the intermediate layer, characterized in that the intermediate layer is an adhesive intermediate layer (3) made of crosslinked polymer material, with a thickness E0 of at most 2mm and at least 200pm, forming all or part of the lamination interlayer.

2. Luminous vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the crosslinked polymer material of the adhesive intermediate layer comprises a polymer chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, in particular urethane acrylate, or based on epoxy or polyepoxides, or polyfluorene with acrylate function.

3. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that nO is at least 1.5 or 1.53, the adhesive intermediate layer is preferably based on polyfluorene with acrylate function or based on epoxy, and / or based on polymer, preferably polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate, loaded with nanoparticles with a refractive index of at least 1.

8.

4. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that n1 is at most 1.48 and even at most 1.45 or 1.4 and the first additional upper layer, preferably adhesive, in particular crosslinked polymer material, is a film or a coating, and n'1 is at most 1.48 and even at most 1.45 or 1.4 and the first additional lower layer, preferably adhesive, in particular crosslinked polymer material, is a film or a coating.

5. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive intermediate layer (3) is a self-supporting crosslinked polymer film chosen in particular from: - pressure-sensitive film, preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyfluorene with said acrylate function or else film based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate - or a so-called post-adhesive film, of partially crosslinked polymer before assembly, and preferably photocrosslinked and with acrylate, in particular based on polyfluorene with said acrylate function or based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate.

6. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the adhesive intermediate layer (3) is an adhesive coating on a non-adhesive support which is the first additional upper or lower layer, and said support preferably having another adhesive layer of crosslinked polymer on an opposite main face and / or being in contact with a thermoplastic adhesive layer of the lamination interlayer.

7. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first upper additional layer (31) is a coating on the second face, in particular silica, in particular porous, and / or the first lower additional layer is a coating on the third face, in particular silica, in particular porous.

8. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first additional upper layer (31) is an adhesive layer made of thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer material or is a thermoplastic film and / or the first additional lower layer (32) is an adhesive layer made of thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer material or is a thermoplastic film with a thickness of at least 30 pm and submillimetric.

9. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first upper additional layer (31) is adhesive made of crosslinked polymer material and / or the first lower additional layer (32) is adhesive made of crosslinked polymer material, the crosslinked polymer material is chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, in particular urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or fluoro-silicone acrylate, polysiloxanes, silicone, in particular polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer or polyepoxides, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester and in particular the crosslinked polymer material of the first upper and / or lower additional adhesive layer is chosen from a polymer based on acrylate, in particular urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or based on silicone, and the polymer furthermore having a fluorinated function.

10. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises on the second face side a thermoplastic adhesive layer (31) which is the first upper additional layer or an additional layer (33) between the second face and the first upper additional layer, in particular non-adhesive thermoplastic film or glass, and on the third face side, under the adhesive intermediate layer, the glazing is preferably free of thermoplastic adhesive layer.

11. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, from the second face (12), an additional upper thermoplastic adhesive layer (35), a thermoplastic film (33), the first additional upper layer made of crosslinked polymer material (31) and / or in that it comprises, from the third face, an additional lower thermoplastic adhesive layer (35), a thermoplastic film (33), the first additional lower layer made of crosslinked polymer material.

12. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises between the second face and the third face the stack, possibly strict, which is optionally: - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer ( / second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet) - or first PVB or EVA sheet / first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / - or first PVB adhesive sheet / (thermoplastic film / ) first additional upper adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / (thermoplastic film / ) (second PVB adhesive sheet) - or first PVB or EVA adhesive sheet / (thermoplastic film / ) first additional upper adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / (thermoplastic film / ) (second PVB or EVA adhesive sheet) - or first PVB adhesive sheet / (thermoplastic film / ) first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / (thermoplastic film / ) (second PVB adhesive sheet) - or first EVA adhesive sheet / (thermoplastic film / ) first additional upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate adhesive layer / first additional lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer / (thermoplastic film / ) (second EVA adhesive sheet) and in that preferably the first additional upper layer and / or the first additional lower layer is a crosslinked polymer film, in particular PSA, and even the stack is composed of films.

13. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first additional upper layer (31) is a thermoplastic film, with a thickness of at least 30 pm and submillimetric, bonded to the second face by at least one additional upper adhesive layer (33) made of crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic material or two additional upper adhesive layers, a first made of crosslinked polymer material and a second made of thermoplastic polymer material bonded to the second face.

14. Luminous vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the thermoplastic film is chosen from: - locally diffusing film, particularly textured, on the adhesive intermediate layer side - functional film: athermal or heating, comprising an electroconductive coating, in particular low emissivity, heating, in particular electroconductive coating on the second side - fluoropolymer film, with n1 of at most 1.5 - tinted film film possibly supporting the adhesive intermediate layer in the form of a coating.

15. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one optical film is between the adhesive intermediate layer and one of the first upper or lower additional layers, and even in contact with the adhesive intermediate layer, and in that the optical film, in particular polymer, is chosen from: - so-called extractor film, forming a means of extracting guided light - and / or local redirecting film, in particular a reflective prismatic film, in particular between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first upper additional layer or transparent prismatic film, preferably between the first lower additional layer and the intermediate layer, forming means for redirecting light in the adhesive intermediate layer from a light source (4) on the fourth face or even offset from the glazing.

16. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sheet is tinted and / or the first additional upper layer is tinted and / or an additional upper adhesive layer is tinted.

17. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light extraction means (6, 6') comprise: - a texturing of a so-called textured element chosen from the adhesive intermediate layer, or at least one of the first upper and lower layers, in particular at least one of the first additional upper and lower layers or at least one of the second and third faces, or an extractor film inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers, in particular at least one of the first additional upper and lower layers or at least one of the second and third faces, and the adhesive intermediate layer - or a diffusing layer comprising a binder and diffusing particles and / or pores, inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers and the adhesive intermediate layer.

18. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an injection of light from the light source into the adhesive intermediate layer, preferably a light source comprising a set of light-emitting diodes (4) on a diode support (5), is: 1) by a slice of the adhesive intermediate layer or a wall delimiting a closed hole of the adhesive intermediate layer, the light source preferably being under the second face and even between the second face and the third face, 2) or by a light redirection element (9), local such as an optical redirector film, in particular a reflective prismatic film between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first upper layer or transparent prismatic film between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first lower layer, the light source then being opposite or offset from the fourth main face, in particular the light source and light redirection element offset by a window clear.

19. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light source comprises a set of diodes (4) on a diode support (5), in particular a diode support entirely or partly between the second and third faces, a diode support preferably curved and / or protruding from the edge of the glazing.

20. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a so-called framing layer surrounds the periphery of the intermediate adhesive layer or even one or more first additional lower and upper layers, preferably a framing layer which is thermoplastic adhesive or crosslinked polymer and in contact with the intermediate adhesive layer and even possibly in adhesive contact with the third face and / or the second face, in particular a framing layer offset by a window clear.

21. Luminous glazing for a motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer between the third face and the second face, and even covering the periphery of the adhesive intermediate layer, in particular in contact with the second main face, in particular defining a window clear and in that it optionally comprises, in particular when the second sheet is an interior glazing, an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth main face, in particular congruent or of width less than the width of the internal masking layer.

22. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sheet is the outer sheet, in particular, the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windshield, a side window, or in that the first sheet is the inner sheet, in particular, the glazing is chosen from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing, in particular the outer sheet is made of mineral glass.

23. Vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, incorporating at least one luminous glazing unit according to one of the preceding claims.

24. Method for manufacturing luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of claims 1 to 22, comprising an assembly of the first glass sheet, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the adhesive intermediate layer and the second glass sheet, the adhesive intermediate layer is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film made of a polymer material that is partially photocrosslinked before assembly or is an adhesive coating on a polymer or ultra-thin glass support forming the first additional upper or lower layer.

25. Method for manufacturing luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of claims 1 to 22, comprising an assembly of the first glass sheet, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the adhesive intermediate layer and the second glass sheet, the method comprising, before assembly, the liquid deposition of a crosslinkable adhesive, preferably photocrosslinkable, of the adhesive intermediate layer.

Images