Rotor of an electric machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2023748041
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-09-19
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing rotor designs for electrical machines face challenges in achieving a high fill factor for electrical conductors due to the need for support ribs in lower winding layers, which restricts orderly winding and increases complexity.
The introduction of winding plates with support ribs in coil groove sections, made of plastic, allows for orderly winding without additional support ribs, enabling a higher fill factor and using a sleeve-shaped coil carrier for electrical insulation, eliminating the need for additional insulating components.
This design achieves a higher fill factor, particularly in the pole slots, by allowing orderly winding of coils with non-rectangular cross-sections and providing effective support against speed loads and centrifugal forces, enhancing the rotor's efficiency and structural integrity.
Smart Images
Figure 1.1
Abstract
Description
[0001] Description
[0002] title
[0003] Rotor of an electrical machine
[0004] State of the art
[0005] The invention is based on a rotor of an electrical machine according to the preamble of the main claim.
[0006] A rotor of an electrical machine is already known from JP9215240 A2, having a rotor axis and a plurality of salient poles arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor, between which pole slots are formed for arranging electrical conductors of a rotor winding, wherein the salient poles have pole shoes at the radially outer pole ends, wherein the salient poles are each enclosed by a coil, in particular a single coil, of the rotor winding, wherein each coil has two coil slot sections running in pole slots and a plurality of winding layers.
[0007] Advantages of the invention
[0008] The rotor of an electric machine according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the coils in the upper winding layers can be wound more orderly and are better supported with respect to speed loads. Due to the rectangular coil cross-section, no support ribs are required for orderly winding in the lower winding layers of the respective coil, so that a particularly high fill factor, in particular a copper fill factor, can be achieved in the pole slots due to the lack of support ribs there.
[0009] This is achieved according to the invention in that in the coil groove sections of the respective coil, between an uppermost and a lowermost winding layer, a winding plate is provided, which has a plurality of support ribs for forming winding chambers on an outer side facing away from the respective salient pole and is made in particular of plastic, and in that lower winding layers of the respective coil are provided below the two winding plates and upper winding layers of the respective coil are provided in the winding chambers above the two winding plates.
[0010] The measures listed in the subclaims enable advantageous further developments and improvements of the rotor of an electrical machine specified in the main claim.
[0011] It is particularly advantageous if the height of the support ribs of the respective winding plate, measured in the circumferential direction, increases radially outward relative to the rotor axis. In this way, a coil cross-section that deviates from rectangular, for example, trapezoidal or triangular, can be wound in an orderly manner in the upper winding layers of the respective coil, thereby achieving a particularly high fill factor in the pole slots. In particular, the coil with the upper winding layers can extend beyond the respective pole shoe in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
[0012] It is also advantageous if a sleeve-shaped plastic coil carrier is provided at each salient pole, on which a coil receptacle is formed to accommodate the respective coil. This electrically insulates the coils of the rotor winding from the salient poles. Additional insulating components, such as insulating paper, are not required.
[0013] It is very advantageous if the coil holder is formed along a receiving base of the coil carrier between two ring collars of the coil carrier. This allows the respective coil to be accommodated between the ring collars.
[0014] It is also advantageous if the winding plates are attached to the respective coil carrier, in particular to the annular collar, or directly to the respective salient pole, in particular by positive and / or force-fitting and / or material bonding. In this way, the support ribs of the winding plates can absorb speed loads.
[0015] It is also advantageous if at least one groove-shaped profile is formed on the base of the respective coil carrier and / or on a base of the winding chambers to align the windings of the respective coil. This allows the lowest layer of the lower winding layers and the lowest layer in the upper winding layers to be precisely positioned, thus achieving a high fill factor and a symmetrical or orderly winding pattern in the pole slots.
[0016] The winding plates advantageously extend within the respective pole slot in the axial direction relative to the rotor axis and are spaced from a flank side of the respective salient pole. The winding plates are provided exclusively in the pole slots and expressly do not extend into the winding head area.
[0017] It is advantageous if a slot is formed between adjacent pole pieces as a radial opening of the respective pole slot, with a slot closure provided in each slot. This provides additional support for the rotor winding against centrifugal forces.
[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment, the salient poles can be separate bodies that are attached to a pole carrier, in particular to a rotor shaft, in particular by positive and / or non-positive engagement. In this way, a particularly high conductor fill factor, in particular a copper fill factor, can be achieved in the rotor slots.
[0019] Alternatively, the salient poles may be integrally connected to a rotor yoke to form a rotor core, with the pole shoes being separate bodies that are positively attached to the salient poles.
[0020] Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical machine with a rotor according to the invention.
[0021] drawing
[0022] An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.
[0023] It shows
[0024] Fig.l shows a partial sectional view of a rotor with salient poles according to the invention, Fig.2 shows one of the salient poles according to the invention according to Fig.l and Fig.3 shows the salient pole according to Fig.2 in a further view.
[0025] Description of the embodiment
[0026] Fig.l shows a partial sectional view of a rotor with salient poles according to the invention.
[0027] The rotor 1 according to the invention of an electrical machine, for example an electrically excited synchronous machine, is rotatable about a rotor axis 2 and comprises a plurality of salient poles 3 arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor 1, between which pole slots 4 are formed for arranging electrical conductors of a rotor winding 5. The salient poles 3 have pole shoes 6 at the radially outer pole ends with respect to the rotor axis 2. The salient poles 3 are each enclosed by a coil 7, in particular a single coil, of the rotor winding 5. Each coil 7 has two coil slot sections 7n running in pole slots 4 and two coil winding head sections running outside the pole slots 4. In addition, each coil 7 has a plurality of winding layers 8.
[0028] According to the invention, a winding plate 10 is provided in each of the coil slot sections 7n of the respective coil 7 between an uppermost 8a and a lowermost 8i winding layer 8, which winding plate 10 has a plurality of support ribs 11 on an outer side facing away from the respective salient pole 3 for forming winding chambers 12 and is made in particular of plastic. Furthermore, the invention provides that lower winding layers 8 of the respective coil 7 are provided below the two winding plates 10 of the respective salient pole 3, and upper winding layers 8 of the respective coil 7 are provided in the winding chambers 12 above the two winding plates 10.
[0029] A height h of the support ribs 11 of the respective winding plate 10, measured in the circumferential direction, can increase radially outwards with respect to the rotor axis 2.
[0030] At each salient pole 3, for example, a sleeve-shaped coil carrier 15 made of plastic is provided, on which a coil receptacle 16 is formed for receiving the respective coil 7. The coil carrier 15 is, for example, injection-molded or cast onto the respective salient pole 3. The coil receptacle 16 can be formed along a receiving base 17 of the coil carrier 15 between two annular collars 18 of the coil carrier 15.
[0031] The winding plates 10 can be fastened to the respective coil carrier 15, in particular to the annular collar 18, or directly to the respective salient pole 3, for example in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.
[0032] Between adjacent pole shoes 6, for example, a slot 20 is formed as a radial opening of the respective pole slot 4, wherein a slot closure 21 is arranged in each of the slot slots 20.
[0033] According to the exemplary embodiment, the salient poles 3 are separate bodies that are fastened to a pole carrier 23, in particular to a rotor shaft, in particular in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner. Alternatively, the salient poles 3 can also be integrally connected to a rotor yoke to form a rotor core, and the pole shoes 6 can be separate bodies that are form-fittingly fastened to the salient poles 3. According to the exemplary embodiment, the salient poles 3 each have a pole armature 24, wherein the pole armatures 24 of the salient poles 3 can be inserted into anchoring grooves 25 of the pole carrier 23 in the axial direction relative to the rotor axis 2.
[0034] Fig.2 shows one of the salient poles according to the invention according to Fig.1 without the respective coil 7. Fig.3 shows the salient pole according to Fig.2 in a further view.
[0035] The winding plates 10 each extend within the respective pole slot 4 in the axial direction with respect to the rotor axis 2 and each have a distance s from a flank side of the respective salient pole 3. For example, the winding plates 10 are each arranged parallel to the respective flank side of the respective salient pole 3.
[0036] On the receiving base 17 of the respective coil carrier 15 and / or on a base of the winding chambers 12, a groove-shaped profiling 19 can be formed over the entire circumference or in circumferential sections in order to align the windings of the respective coil 7.
Claims
Claims 1. A rotor (1) of an electrical machine, in particular an electrically excited synchronous machine, having a rotor axis (2) and a plurality of salient poles (3) arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor (1), between which pole slots (4) are formed for arranging electrical conductors of a rotor winding (5), wherein the salient poles (3) have pole shoes (6) at the radially outer pole ends, wherein the salient poles (3) are each enclosed by a coil (7), in particular a single coil, of the rotor winding (5), wherein each coil (7) has two coil slot sections (7n) extending in pole slots (4) and a plurality of winding layers (8), characterized in that a winding plate (10) is provided in each of the coil slot sections (7n) of the respective coil (7) between an uppermost (8a) and a lowermost (8i) winding layer (8),which has a plurality of support ribs (11) for forming winding chambers (12) on an outer side facing away from the respective salient pole (3) and is made in particular of plastic, and in that lower winding layers of the respective coil (7) are provided below the two winding plates (10) and upper winding layers of the respective coil (7) are provided in the winding chambers (12) above the two winding plates (10).
2. Rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that a height (h) of the support ribs (11) of the respective winding plate (10) measured in the circumferential direction increases radially outwards with respect to the rotor axis (2).
3. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sleeve-shaped coil carrier (15) made of plastic is provided on each salient pole (3), on which a coil receptacle (16) is formed for receiving the respective coil (7).
4. Rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that the coil receptacle (16) is formed along a receptacle base (17) of the coil carrier (15) between two annular collars (18) of the coil carrier (15).
5. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding plates (10) are fixed to the respective coil carrier (15), in particular to the Ring collar (18), or are fastened directly to the respective salient pole (3), in particular in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner. Rotor according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that at least one groove-shaped profile is formed on the receiving base (17) of the respective coil carrier (15) and / or on a base of the winding chambers (12) for aligning the windings of the respective coil (7). Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding plates (10) each extend within the respective pole groove (4) in the axial direction with respect to the rotor axis (2) and are at a distance (s) from a flank side of the respective salient pole (3).Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between adjacent pole shoes (6) a slot (20) is formed as a radial opening of the respective pole slot (4), wherein a slot closure (21) is provided in each of the slot slots (20). Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a. the salient poles (3) are separate bodies that are fastened to a pole carrier (23), in particular to a rotor shaft, in particular in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, b. the salient poles (3) are integrally connected to a rotor yoke to form a rotor laminated core, wherein the pole shoes (6) are separate bodies that are fastened to the salient poles (3) in a form-fitting manner. Electrical machine with a rotor (1) according to one of the preceding claims.