Sophorolipid surfactants with surface-active countercations

Abstract

The intention was to provide washing- and cleaning-active ingredients that enable the production of visually appealing, concentrated, free-flowing washing, cleaning and hair treatment product formulations and are producible in a simple and efficient manner, have good storability and have the particular feature of good washing and cleaning outcomes. This was achieved by compounds of the general formula (I) S-CO2- N+(R1R2R3R4) (I) in which S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R1 is selected from R2 and H, R2 is selected from C1- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R3 is selected from R4 and R2, and R4 is selected from C10- to C18-alkyl radicals, C7- to C20-alkylaryl radicals, -R5-O(C=O)-R6 radicals and -R5-NH(C=O)-R6 radicals, where R5 is selected from the C2- to C4-alkylene radicals and R6 from the C10- to C18-alkyl radicals, and the alkyl moieties in each of R1, R2 <sb / >, R3, R4 and R6 may be linear or branched.

Description

[0001] Sophorolipid surfactants with surface-active countercations

[0002] The present invention relates to a detergent compound. Furthermore, the application relates to washing, cleaning, and hair treatment compositions containing this detergent compound, as well as to washing, cleaning, and hair treatment methods using the detergent compound.

[0003] The packaging and packaging of washing, cleaning, and hair treatment products are constantly evolving. A relevant trend for the production of such products is their concentration. This development is driven not only by increased consumer acceptance due to simplified handling, but also by sustainability considerations, for example, with regard to transport volumes and costs and the amount of packaging used.

[0004] The concentration of modern washing, cleaning and hair treatment products, especially modern liquid detergents, generally influences their optical and rheological properties, has an impact on the storage stability of these products and can influence their cleaning performance, especially if the high concentration of the active ingredients leads to intolerances.

[0005] Furthermore, the concentration of liquid agents usually involves the use of organic solvents. These solvents improve the physical stability of washing, cleaning, and hair treatment products, but are often characterized by only low washing or cleaning activity, which is why their addition should be kept to a minimum, not least for sustainability reasons. However, the use of aqueous or aqueous-organic solvent systems in the production of concentrated liquid agents has so far been unavoidable with conventional washing or cleaning active ingredients.

[0006] Patent application EP 0 499 434 A1 discloses detergents containing a surfactant forming a micellar phase and another surfactant forming a lamellar phase, wherein at least one of these two surfactants must be a glycolipid biosurfactant, in particular a rhamnolipid, glucose lipid, sophorolipid, trehalose lipid, and / or cellobiose lipid. European patent application EP 1 445 302 A1 relates to detergents containing at least one glycolipid biosurfactant, in particular sophorolipid and / or rhamnolipid, and at least one non-glycolipid surfactant, the latter being in a micellar phase. European patent application EP 3 686 265 A1 discloses liquid aqueous detergents containing anionic surfactant of the sulfate or sulfonate type, soap, nonionic surfactant, enzyme, and sophorolipid.European patent application EP 3 290 501 A1 relates to agents containing alkoxylated fatty acid amide and a glycolipid biosurfactant, which may be a sophorolipid.

[0007] The object of the present invention was to provide washing and cleaning active ingredients that enable the production of visually appealing, concentrated, flowable washing, cleaning, and hair treatment preparations. The active ingredients should be easy and efficient to produce, exhibit good storage stability, and, in particular, be characterized by good washing and cleaning results.

[0008] This task was solved by a new class of surfactant active ingredients.

[0009] A first subject of the invention is a compound of the general formula (I)

[0010] S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in which

[0011] S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and

[0012] R 1 is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, C7 to C2o-alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5 -O(C=O)-R e and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R e is selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R e the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched chain.

[0013] Surprisingly, it was discovered that the neutralization of sophorolipids with tertiary amines or the cation exchange of the metal cations of sophorolipid metal salts with quaternary ammonium cations leads to surface-active compounds whose washing performance is superior to that of sophorolipids or sophorolipid metal salts. The surfactants thus obtained are suitable for the production of washing, cleaning, and hair treatment agents, for example, for the production of solvent-free liquid agents with active ingredient contents of up to 100 wt.%. Unlike some other anionic surfactant-cationic surfactant combinations, the substances essential to the invention do not form sparingly or insoluble precipitates.

[0014] Sophorolipids consist of a sophorose residue in which two glucose molecules are linked together in a ß-1,2'-glycosidic manner, to which a hydroxyl group of a hydroxycarboxylic acid is bonded. The hydroxycarboxylic acid can carry the hydroxyl group at the terminal C atom or at a C atom located within the carbon chain, and can be saturated or unsaturated. Examples of sophorolipids are: They can be in the open form shown above as an example or in the form of monomeric or dimeric lactones, such as:

[0015] The open form and the lactone form can also exist side by side, and both can be converted into one another by intramolecular esterification or hydrolysis. In the compounds of formula (I), the sophorolipids are present in the open form. The hydroxyl groups on the sophorose residues of the sophorolipids can also be fully or partially esterified with carboxylic acids, with acetic acid, for example, being a possible carboxylic acid, and the primary hydroxyl groups being the primary esterification points. Sophorolipids are formed, for example, by yeasts such as Candida albicans, Candida apicola, Candida floricola, Candida kuoi, Candida riodocensis, Candida stellata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Rhodotorula bajevae, Rhodotorula bogoriensis, Wickerhamiella domercqiae, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, and Starmerella bombicola, and can be obtained from the fermentation of such microorganisms.

[0016] In one embodiment of the invention, the cations N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) of the compounds of the general formula (I) preferably two to three, in particular three of the four radicals with a C chain length of at most 4, in particular from 1 to 2. The remaining radical or the other two radicals have a longer carbon chain.

[0017] The compounds of general formula (I) exhibit a relatively low surface tension, typically in the range of 30 mN / m to 40 mN / m, and a relatively low critical ion concentration, typically in the range of 0.001 mmol / l to 0.02 mmol / l. They are highly soluble in water. A further advantage of the compounds of general formula (I) is that they form a stable foam in aqueous solution, which can be produced in continuously increasing amounts over time, for at least 2 minutes.

[0018] The invention further relates to mixtures of compounds of the general formula (I) with sophorolipids which do not have an ammonium countercation essential to the invention, but are in the form of the free acid or its alkali salts, or which are in the lactone form, and mixtures of compounds of the general formula (I) with salts which contain cations which are N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4) in formula (I), but have a different counter anion, for example a halide. It is possible, although less preferred, that the mixtures contain both sophorolipids without a counter cation defined in the general formula (I) and ammonium cations without a sophorolipid carboxylate anion defined in the formula (I). The mixtures mentioned in this paragraph contain the a) compound of the general formula (I) and b) the sophorolipid not defined in the general formula (I) and / or the cation not defined in the general formula (I), preferably in weight ratios of a) to b) in ranges from 1:100 to 100:1, in particular from 100:1 to 50:50.

[0019] As stated above, the compounds of general formula (I) are particularly suitable, due to their physical properties, as components of washing, cleaning, or hair treatment compositions, especially liquid washing, cleaning, or hair treatment compositions. Due to their high washing or cleaning power, the amount of surfactant in such compositions can be reduced while maintaining the same performance, or a smaller amount of the composition is required to achieve a good washing or cleaning result. A cleaning or hair treatment composition containing a compound of general formula (I) or a mixture defined in the preceding paragraph is therefore a further subject of the invention.

[0020] A detergent is a composition suitable for cleaning or caring for textiles and containing at least one textile-cleaning or textile-care active ingredient. Examples of textile-cleaning active ingredients are surfactants, especially nonionic and anionic surfactants, and builders such as phosphonates or water-softening polymers. Examples of textile-care active ingredients are fragrances, especially encapsulated fragrances, textile softeners, especially cationic surfactants and cationic polymers, and dyes, especially textile dyes.

[0021] Another subject of the invention is a process for washing textiles, in the course of which a compound of the general formula (I) or a detergent containing a compound of the general formula (I) or a mixture according to the invention as defined above is introduced into a washing liquor which contains a textile in need of cleaning or into which a textile in need of cleaning is introduced.

[0022] A cleaning agent is a composition suitable for cleaning and caring for hard surfaces and containing at least one surface-cleaning or surface-care active ingredient. Examples of surface-cleaning active ingredients include surfactants, especially nonionic and anionic surfactants, and builders such as phosphonates or water-softening polymers. Examples of surface-care active ingredients include corrosion inhibitors, such as zinc salts, and hydrophobic agents, especially polymeric hydrophobic agents.

[0023] A further subject of the invention is a process for cleaning hard surfaces, in the course of which a compound of the general formula (I) or a mixture according to the invention as defined above or a cleaning agent containing a compound of the general formula (I) or a mixture according to the invention as defined above is introduced into a cleaning liquor which is brought into contact with the hard surface to be cleaned.

[0024] A hair treatment product is a composition suitable for cleaning and caring for hair, especially human hair. Hair treatment products include, in particular, hair cleaning products such as shampoos, hair care products such as hair treatments, conditioners, or hair care sprays, as well as hair styling products such as hair gels, hair sprays, or hair waxes. The hair treatment product is preferably a shampoo or a hair care product.

[0025] A further subject of the invention is a hair treatment method, in the course of which a compound of general formula (I) or a mixture according to the invention as defined above, or a hair treatment agent containing a compound of general formula (I) or a mixture according to the invention as defined above, is applied, in particular, to wet hair. If the hair treatment agent is a shampoo, a hair conditioner, or a hair treatment, it is preferably left on the hair for at least 5 seconds, preferably for a period of 5 seconds to 5 minutes, and then rinsed out with water.

[0026] A washing, cleaning or hair treatment agent according to the invention preferably contains 0.1 wt.% to 40 wt.%, in particular 0.2 wt.% to 30 wt.% and particularly preferably 0.5 wt.% to 15 wt.% of the compound of general formula (I) or of the above-defined mixture according to the invention. In addition to the compound of general formula (I) or the above-mentioned mixture, it may also contain other conventional components of such agents. In the preparation of the washing, cleaning and hair treatment agents, the compound of general formula (I) can be produced by combining sophorolipid and cationic surfactant which contains a cation N defined for the compound of general formula (I). + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ).

[0027] In the context of the present invention, a washing or cleaning agent preferably contains, in addition to the compound of general formula (I) or the above-defined mixture according to the invention, one or more substances from the group of non-ionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, builders, bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes, electrolytes, pH adjusters, perfumes, perfume carriers, fluorescent agents, dyes, hydrotopes, foam inhibitors, anti-redeposition agents, graying inhibitors, shrinkage inhibitors, crease inhibitors, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial active ingredients, non-aqueous solvents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, bittering agents, ironing aids, repellents and impregnating agents, skin-care active ingredients, swelling and slip-resistant agents, softening components and UV absorbers.

[0028] In the context of the present invention, a hair treatment agent preferably contains, in addition to the compound of general formula (I) or the above-defined mixture according to the invention, one or more substances from the group of non-ionic surfactants, amphoteric / zwitterionic surfactants, non-ionic polymers, anionic polymers, amino acids, oligopeptides, vitamins, provitamins, vitamin precursors, betaines, bioquinones, purine (derivatives), taurine (derivatives), L-carnitine (salts), panthenol, pantothenic acid, 2-furanones, 2-furanone derivatives, ectoin, allantoin, plant extracts, ester oils, UV light protection filters, structuring agents, thickeners, electrolytes, pH adjusters, swelling agents, dyes, anti-dandruff active ingredients, complexing agents, opacifiers, pearlescent agents, pigments, stabilizers, propellants, antioxidants, perfume oils, and / or preservatives.

[0029] A washing, cleaning, or hair treatment agent according to the invention can preferably contain up to 30% by weight of additional surfactant, with the additional surfactants preferably also being obtainable from renewable raw materials. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the agent contains up to 20% by weight, in particular 0.5% to 15% by weight, of nonionic surfactant.

[0030] Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, fatty acid amides, alkoxylated fatty acid amides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, amine oxides, alkyl polyglycosides, and mixtures thereof. In addition, alkyl glycosides of the general formula R 5 O(G) X be used in the R 5a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms, and G is the symbol representing a glycose unit having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; preferably, x is between 1.2 and 1.4.

[0031] Another class of non-ionic surfactants, which are used either as the sole non-ionic surfactant or in combination with other additional non-ionic surfactants, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.

[0032] Non-ionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N,N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N,N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and fatty acid alkanolamides can also be used.

[0033] Other suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula, in which R is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1represents hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] represents a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. Polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances that can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride. The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula in which R represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R 1 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R 2represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, with C1-8 alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred, and [Z] represents a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this radical. [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as a catalyst.

[0034] A washing or cleaning agent according to the invention preferably contains at least one water-soluble and / or water-insoluble, organic and / or inorganic builder.The water-soluble organic builder substances include polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid and sugar acids, monomeric and polymeric aminopolycarboxylic acids, in particular glycinediacetic acid, methylglycinediacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, iminodisuccinates such as ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid and hydroxyiminodisuccinates, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and polyaspartic acid, polyphosphonic acids, in particular aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediaminetetrakis(methylenephosphonic acid), lysinetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, polymeric hydroxy compounds such as dextrin and polymeric (poly)carboxylic acids, in particular polycarboxylates accessible by oxidation of polysaccharides, polymeric acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, maleic acids and copolymers thereof, which also contain small amounts of polymerizable substances without may contain polymerized carboxylic acid functionality.The relative average molecular mass of the homopolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids is generally between 5,000 g / mol and 200,000 g / mol, and that of the copolymers between 2,000 g / mol and 200,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 g / mol to 120,000 g / mol, in each case based on the free acid. A particularly preferred acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer has a relative average molecular mass of 50,000 to 100,000. Suitable, albeit less preferred, compounds of this class are copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with vinyl ethers, such as vinyl methyl ethers, vinyl esters, ethylene, propylene, and styrene, in which the proportion of acid is at least 50% by weight. Terpolymers containing two unsaturated acids and / or their salts as monomers and vinyl alcohol and / or a vinyl alcohol derivative or a carbohydrate as the third monomer can also be used as water-soluble organic builder substances.The first acidic monomer or its salt is derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated C8-C8 carboxylic acid, preferably from a C3-C4 monocarboxylic acid, in particular from (meth)acrylic acid. The second acidic monomer or its salt can be a derivative of a C4-C8 dicarboxylic acid, with maleic acid being particularly preferred. The third monomeric unit is formed in this case from vinyl alcohol and / or preferably from an esterified vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol derivatives that represent an ester of short-chain carboxylic acids, for example, C1-C4 carboxylic acids, with vinyl alcohol are particularly preferred. Preferred polymers contain 60 wt.% to 95 wt.%, in particular 70 wt.% to 90 wt.% of (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate, particularly preferably acrylic acid or acrylate, and maleic acid or maleate and 5 wt.% to 40 wt.%, preferably 10 wt.% to 30 wt.% of vinyl alcohol and / or vinyl acetate.Very particular preference is given to polymers in which the weight ratio of (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate to maleic acid or maleate is between 1:1 and 4:1, preferably between 2:1 and 3:1, and in particular between 2:1 and 2.5:1. Both the amounts and the weight ratios are based on the acids. The second acidic monomer or its salt can also be a derivative of an allylsulfonic acid substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl radical, preferably a C1-C4-alkyl radical, or an aromatic radical, preferably derived from benzene or benzene derivatives. Preferred terpolymers contain 40 wt.% to 60 wt.%, in particular 45 to 55 wt.% (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate, particularly preferably acrylic acid or acrylate, 10 wt.% to 30 wt.%, preferably 15 wt.% to 25 wt.% methallylsulfonic acid or methallylsulfonate and as a third monomer 15 wt.% to 40 wt.-%, preferably 20 wt.% to 40 wt.% of a carbohydrate. This carbohydrate can, for example, be a mono-, di-, oligo- or polysaccharide, with mono-, di- or oligosaccharides being preferred. Sucrose is particularly preferred. The use of the third monomer presumably creates predetermined breaking points in the polymer, which are responsible for the polymer's good biodegradability. These terpolymers generally have a relative average molecular weight between 1,000 g / mol and 200,000 g / mol, preferably between 200 g / mol and 50,000 g / mol. Other preferred copolymers are those which have acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or vinyl acetate as monomers. The organic builder substances can be used in the form of aqueous solutions, preferably in the form of 30 to 50 wt.% aqueous solutions, in particular for the production of liquid agents.All of the acids mentioned are generally used in the form of their water-soluble salts, especially their alkali salts.

[0035] Such organic builder substances can, if desired, be present in amounts of up to 40 wt.%, in particular up to 25 wt.%, and preferably from 1 wt.% to 8 wt.%. Amounts in the upper half of the above-mentioned ranges are preferably used in paste-like or liquid, especially water-based, detergents or cleaning agents.

[0036] Polyphosphates, preferably sodium triphosphate, are particularly suitable as water-soluble inorganic builder materials. Crystalline or amorphous, water-dispersible alkali aluminosilicates are particularly suitable as water-insoluble inorganic builder materials, in amounts not exceeding 25 wt.%, preferably from 3 wt.% to 20 wt.%, and especially in amounts from 5 wt.% to 15 wt.%. Among these, crystalline sodium aluminosilicates of detergent quality, in particular zeolite A, zeolite P, zeolite MAP, and optionally zeolite X, are preferred. Amounts close to the stated upper limit are preferably used in solid, particulate compositions. Suitable aluminosilicates, in particular, have no particles with a grain size exceeding 30 μm and preferably consist of at least 80 wt.% particles with a size below 10 μm. Their calcium-binding capacity is generally in the range of 100 to 200 mg CaO per gram.

[0037] In addition to or as an alternative to the aforementioned water-insoluble aluminosilicate and alkali metal carbonate, other water-soluble inorganic builder materials may be present. These include, in particular, polyphosphates such as sodium triphosphate, water-soluble crystalline and / or amorphous alkali metal silicate builders. Such water-soluble inorganic builder materials are preferably present in the agents in amounts of 1 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in particular 5 wt.% to 15 wt.%. The alkali metal silicates usable as builder materials preferably have a molar ratio of alkali metal oxide to SiO2 of less than 0.95, in particular of 1:1.1 to 1:12, and can be amorphous or crystalline. Preferred alkali metal silicates are sodium silicates, in particular amorphous sodium silicates, with a molar Na2O:SiO2 ratio of 1:2 to 1:2.8.Crystalline silicates, which can be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates, are preferably crystalline layered silicates of the general formula Na2Si. xO2x+iy H2O, in which x, the so-called modulus, is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, and preferred values ​​for x are 2, 3, or 4. Preferred crystalline layered silicates are those in which x in the general formula mentioned is 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and β-sodium disilicates (Na2Si2Os·y H2O) are preferred. Virtually anhydrous crystalline alkali silicates produced from amorphous alkali silicates and of the above general formula, in which x is a number from 1.9 to 2.1, can also be used in the agents. In a further preferred embodiment, a crystalline sodium layered silicate with a modulus of 2 to 3 is used, such as can be produced from sand and soda. Sodium silicates with a modulus in the range from 1.9 to 3.5 are used in a further embodiment.In a preferred embodiment of such agents, a granular compound of alkali silicate and alkali carbonate is used, such as that commercially available under the name Nabion® 15.

[0038] Peroxidic bleaching agents suitable for use in detergents and cleaning agents include, in particular, organic peracids or peracidic salts of organic acids, such as phthalimidopercaproic acid, perbenzoic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid, and diperdodecanedioic acid, as well as their salts such as magnesium monoperoxyphthalate, diacyl peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, and inorganic salts that release hydrogen peroxide under the conditions of use, such as alkali perborate, alkali percarbonate, and / or alkali persilicate, and hydrogen peroxide inclusion compounds such as H2G2-urea adducts, as well as mixtures thereof. Hydrogen peroxide can also be generated using an enzymatic system, i.e., an oxidase and its substrate. If solid peroxygen compounds are to be used, they can be used in the form of powders or granules, which can also be coated in a manner known in principle.Particular preference is given to using alkali metal percarbonate, alkali metal perborate monohydrate, or hydrogen peroxide. A detergent usable within the scope of the invention contains peroxidic bleaching agent in amounts of preferably up to 60 wt.%, in particular from 5 wt.% to 50 wt.%, and particularly preferably from 15 wt.% to 30 wt.%, or alternatively from 2.5 wt.% to 20 wt.%, with hydrogen peroxide being the particularly preferred peroxidic bleaching agent in liquid detergents and sodium percarbonate being the particularly preferred peroxidic bleaching agent in solid detergents. Peroxidic bleaching agent particles preferably have a particle size in the range from 10 μm to 5000 μm, in particular from 50 μm to 1000 μm, and / or a density of 0.85 g / cm. 3 up to 4.9 g / cm 3 , in particular 0.91 g / cm 3 up to 2.7 g / cm 3As bleach-activating compounds that yield peroxocarboxylic acid under perhydrolysis conditions, compounds that yield optionally substituted perbenzoic acid and / or aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 4 carbon atoms, under perhydrolysis conditions, can be used, alone or in mixtures. Suitable bleach activators are those that carry O- and / or N-acyl groups, in particular of the stated number of carbon atoms, and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups. Preferred are multiply acylated alkylenediamines, in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates or carboxylates or the sulfonic or carboxylic acids thereof,in particular nonanoyl or isononanoyl or lauroyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS or iso-NOBS or LOBS) or decanoyloxybenzoate (DOBA), their formal carbonic acid ester derivatives such as 4-(2-decanoyloxyethoxycarbonyloxy)benzenesulfonate (DECOBS), acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-di-acetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran as well as acetylated sorbitol and mannitol and mixtures thereof (SORMAN), acylated sugar derivatives, in particular pentaacetylglucose (PAG), pentaacetylfructose, tetraacetylxylose and octaacetyllactose, acetylated, optionally N-alkylated glucamine and gluconolactone, and / or N-acylated lactams, for example N-benzoylcaprolactam.

[0039] In addition to the compounds that form peroxocarboxylic acids under perhydrolysis conditions, or instead of them, other bleach-activating compounds, such as nitriles, from which perimidic acids are formed under perhydrolysis conditions, may be present. These include, in particular, aminoacetonitrile derivatives with a quaternized nitrogen atom according to the formula in the R 1 represents -H, -CH3, a C2-24 alkyl or alkenyl radical, a substituted C2-24 alkyl or C2-24 alkenyl radical having at least one substituent from the group consisting of -Cl, -Br, -OH, -NH2, -CN and -N (+) -CH2-CN, an alkyl or alkenylaryl radical having a Ci-24 alkyl group, or a substituted alkyl or alkenylaryl radical having at least one, preferably two, optionally substituted Ci-24 alkyl group(s) and optionally further substituents on the aromatic ring, R 2 and R 3are independently selected from -CH2-CN, -CH3, -CH2-CH3, CH2-CH2-CH3, - CH(CH3)-CH3, -CH2-OH, -CH2-CH2-OH, -CH(OH)-CH3, -CH2-CH2-CH2-OH, -CH2-CH(OH)-CH3, - CH(OH)-CH2-CH3, -(CH2CH2-O) n H with n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, R 4 and R 5 independently of each other a preceding for R 1 , R 2 or R 3 have the meaning given, where at least 2 of the radicals mentioned, in particular R 2 and R 3, including the nitrogen atom and optionally further heteroatoms, can be linked to one another in a ring-closing manner and then preferably form a morpholino ring, and X is a charge-balancing anion, preferably selected from benzenesulfonate, toluenesulfonate, cumenesulfonate, the C 8-11 alkylbenzenesulfonates, the C 1-20 alkyl sulfates, the C 5-22 carboxylic acid methyl ester sulfonates, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, and mixtures thereof. Bleach activators forming peroxocarboxylic acids or perimidic acids under perhydrolysis conditions are preferably present in amounts of up to 25% by weight, in particular 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, in agents according to the invention. Bleach activator particles preferably have a particle size in the range from 10 pm to 5000 pm, in particular from 50 pm to 1000 pm, and / or a density of 0.85 g / cm 3 up to 4.9 g / cm 3 , in particular 0.91 g / cm 3 up to 2.7 g / cm 3 on.

[0040] The presence of bleach-catalyzing transition metal complexes, in addition to or instead of the aforementioned bleach activators, is possible. These are preferably selected from cobalt, iron, copper, titanium, vanadium, manganese, and ruthenium complexes. Both inorganic and organic compounds can be considered as ligands in such transition metal complexes, including carboxylates and in particular compounds with primary, secondary and / or tertiary amine and / or alcohol functions, such as pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, imidazole, pyrazole, triazole, 2,2'-bispyridylamine, tris-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane, 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane, 1,5,9-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododecane, (bis-((1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-methyl))-(2-pyridylmethyl)-amine, N,N'-(bis-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-methyl)-ethylenediamine, N-Bis-(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)-aminoethanol, 2,6-bis-(bis-(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)aminomethyl)-4-methylphenol, N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)-2-hydroxy-1,3-diaminopropane, 2,6-bis-(bis-(2-pyridylmethyl)aminomethyl)-4-methylphenol, 1,3-bis-(bis-(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)aminomethyl)benzene, sorbitol, mannitol, erythritol, adonitol, inositol, lactose, and optionally substituted salens, porphines, and porphyrins. The inorganic neutral ligands include, in particular, ammonia and water. If not all coordination sites of the transition metal central atom are occupied by neutral ligands, the complex contains further, preferably anionic, and among these, in particular mono- or bidentate ligands. These include, in particular, halides such as fluoride, chloride, bromide, and iodide, and the (NO2) group.This means a nitro ligand or a nitrito ligand. The (NO2) group can also be chelated to a transition metal, or it can bridge two transition metal atoms asymmetrically or p1-O. In addition to the ligands mentioned, the transition metal complexes can also bear other, generally simpler ligands, particularly monovalent or polyvalent anion ligands. Examples include nitrate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, formate, carbonate, citrate, oxalate, perchlorate, and complex anions such as hexafluorophosphate. The anion ligands are intended to ensure charge balance between the transition metal's central atom and the ligand system. The presence of oxo ligands, peroxo ligands, and imino ligands is also possible. Such ligands, in particular, can also act as bridging ligands, forming polynuclear complexes. In the case of bridged, dinuclear complexes, both metal atoms in the complex do not have to be the same. The use of binuclear complexes,in which the two transition metal central atoms have different oxidation numbers is possible. If anion ligands are absent or the presence of anion ligands does not lead to charge balance in the complex, anionic counterions are present in the transition metal complex compounds to be used according to the invention, which neutralize the cationic transition metal complex. These anionic counterions include, in particular, nitrate, hydroxide, hexafluorophosphate, sulfate, chlorate, perchlorate, halides such as chloride, or the anions of carboxylic acids such as formate, acetate, oxalate, benzoate, or citrate. Examples of usable transition metal complex compounds are [N,N'-bis[(2-hydroxy-5-vinylphenyl)methylene]-1,2-diaminocyclohexane]-manganese-(III) chloride, [N,N'-bis[(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)methylene]-1,2-diaminocyclohexane]-manganese-(III) acetate, [N,N'-bis[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-1,2-phenylenediamine]-manganese-(III) acetate, [N,N'-bis[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-1,2-diaminocyclohexane]-manganese-(III) chloride, [N,N'-bis[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-1,2-diaminoethane]-manganese-(III) chloride, [N,N'-bis[(2-hydroxy-5-sulfonatophenyl)methylene]-1,2-diaminoethane]-manganese-(III) chloride, manganese oxalato complexes, nitropentammine-cobalt(III) chloride, nitritopentammine-cobalt(III) chloride, hexa-ammine-cobalt(III) chloride, chloropentammine-cobalt(III) chloride and the peroxo complex [(NH3)5Co-0-0-Co(NH3)5]Cl4.

[0041] Suitable enzymes for use in detergents and cleaning agents include those from the class of proteases, amylases, lipases, cutinases, pullulanases, hemicellulases, cellulases, oxidases, laccases, and peroxidases, as well as mixtures thereof. Enzymatic active ingredients obtained from fungi or bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus lenaus, Streptomyces greises, Humicola lanuginosa, Humicola insolens, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas cepacia, or Coprinus cinereus, are particularly suitable. The enzymes can be adsorbed onto carriers and / or embedded in coating substances to protect them against premature inactivation. They are preferably present in the detergents and cleaning agents according to the invention in amounts of up to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.002% by weight to 4% by weight.If the agent according to the invention contains protease, it preferably has a proteolytic activity in the range of about 100 PE / g to about 10,000 PE / g, in particular 300 PE / g to 8,000 PE / g. If multiple enzymes are to be used in the agent according to the invention, this can be done by incorporating two or more separate enzymes or enzymes formulated separately in a known manner, or by two or more enzymes formulated together in one granulate.

[0042] To set a desired pH value which does not arise automatically from the mixing of the other components, the agents according to the invention can contain system- and environmentally-compatible acids, in particular citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, amino acids such as, for example, glycine, glutamic acid, arginine and / or aspartic acid, glycolic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and / or adipic acid, but optionally also mineral acids, in particular sulfuric acid, or bases, in particular ammonium or alkali hydroxides. Such pH regulators are contained in washing and cleaning agents according to the invention in amounts of preferably not more than 20% by weight, in particular from 1.2% by weight to 17% by weight. Organic acids are preferably used in hair treatment agents. Lactic acid and / or maleic acid are particularly preferably used as the organic acid.The organic acids can be used to adjust the pH of the hair treatment agent, in particular to a value between 3.5 and 5. In a preferred embodiment, the hair treatment agent has a pH in the range of 3.75 to 4.75.

[0043] The purpose of graying inhibitors is to keep the dirt detached from textile fibers suspended in the liquor. Suitable for this purpose are water-soluble colloids, usually of an organic nature, such as starch, glue, gelatin, salts of ethercarboxylic acids or ethersulfonic acids of starch or cellulose, or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch. Water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are also suitable for this purpose. Starch derivatives other than those mentioned above can also be used, for example, aldehyde starches. Cellulose ethers, such as carboxymethylcellulose (sodium salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose, and mixed ethers, such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose, and mixtures thereof, are preferred, for example, in amounts of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the detergent.

[0044] Detergents may, if desired, contain a conventional dye transfer inhibitor, preferably in amounts of up to 2% by weight, in particular 0.1% by weight to 1% by weight, which in a preferred embodiment is selected from the polymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinylimidazole, vinylpyridine-N-oxide or the copolymers thereof. Useful are polyvinylpyrrolidones with molecular weights of 15,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / mol as well as polyvinylpyrrolidones with higher molecular weights of, for example, up to over 1,000,000 g / mol, in particular from 1,500,000 g / mol to 4,000,000 g / mol, N-vinylimidazole / N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, polyvinyloxazolidones, copolymers based on vinyl monomers and carboxamides, polyesters and polyamides containing pyrrolidone groups, grafted polyamidoamines and polyethyleneimines, polyamine N-oxide polymers and polyvinyl alcohols.Enzymatic systems comprising a peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide or a substance that yields hydrogen peroxide in water can also be used. The addition of a mediator compound for the peroxidase, for example, an acetosyringone, a phenol derivative, or a phenotiazine or phenoxazine, is preferred in this case, although the above-mentioned polymeric dye transfer inhibitor active ingredients can also be used. Polyvinylpyrrolidone preferably has an average molecular weight in the range of 10,000 g / mol to 60,000 g / mol, in particular in the range of 25,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / mol. Among the copolymers, those of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole in a molar ratio of 5:1 to 1:1 with an average molar mass in the range of 5,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / mol, in particular 10,000 g / mol to 20,000 g / mol, are preferred.In preferred embodiments of the invention, however, the detergents are free of such additional color transfer inhibitors.

[0045] Detergents can contain, for example, derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or its alkali metal salts as optical brighteners, although they are preferably free of optical brighteners for use as color detergents. Suitable examples include salts of 4,4'-bis(2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or similarly structured compounds that carry a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group, or a 2-methoxyethylamino group instead of the morpholino group. Furthermore, brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyryl type may be present, for example, the alkali metal salts of 4,4'-bis(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl, 4,4'-bis(4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl, or 4-(4-chlorostyryl)-4'-(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl. Mixtures of the aforementioned optical brighteners can also be used.

[0046] Particularly when used in mechanical processes, it can be advantageous to add conventional foam inhibitors to detergents. Suitable foam inhibitors include, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin that contain a high proportion of C18-C24 fatty acids. Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors include, for example, organopolysiloxanes and their mixtures with microfine, optionally silanized silica, as well as paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and their mixtures with silanized silica or bisfatty acid alkylenediamides. Mixtures of different foam inhibitors, for example, those made of silicones, paraffins, or waxes, are also advantageously used. The foam inhibitors, in particular silicone- and / or paraffin-containing foam inhibitors, are preferably bound to a granular, water-soluble or water-dispersible carrier substance.In particular, mixtures of paraffins and bistearylethylenediamide are preferred.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, a washing or cleaning agent according to the invention is particulate and contains, in addition to the surfactant essential to the invention, builder, in particular in an amount in the range from 1 wt.% to 60 wt.%.

[0048] In a further preferred embodiment, a washing or cleaning agent according to the invention is liquid and contains up to 90% by weight, in particular 10% by weight to 85% by weight, preferably 25% by weight to 75% by weight, and particularly preferably 35% by weight to 65% by weight of water, water-miscible solvent or a mixture of water and water-miscible solvent. Water-miscible solvents include, for example, monohydric alcohols having 1 to 4 C atoms, in particular methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol, diols and triols having 2 to 4 C atoms, in particular ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol, as well as mixtures thereof and the ethers derivable from the aforementioned classes of compound. Such water-miscible solvents are preferably present in the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention in amounts not exceeding 30% by weight, in particular from 2% by weight to 20% by weight.A liquid washing or cleaning agent preferably has a pH value of at least pH 5.6, in particular in the range from pH 7 to pH 9.

[0049] A hair treatment agent according to the invention is preferably liquid and contains an aqueous or an aqueous-alcoholic carrier. An aqueous carrier contains at least 50% by weight of water. Aqueous-alcoholic carriers are understood to mean aqueous solutions containing 3 to 70% by weight of a C2-C6 alcohol, in particular ethanol or propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, isopentanols, n-hexanol, isohexanols, glycol, glycerin, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, or 1,6-hexanediol. The agents may additionally contain other organic solvents, such as methoxybutanol, benzyl alcohol, ethyl diglycol, or 1,2-propylene glycol. All water-soluble organic solvents are preferred.

[0050] In a further preferred embodiment, an agent according to the invention is present in a chamber made of water-soluble material in individual portions, ready for individual dosing. The agent then preferably contains less than 15% by weight, in particular in the range of 1% to 12% by weight, of water. A portion is an independent dosing unit with at least one chamber containing the product to be dosed. A chamber is a space delimited by walls (for example, by a film), which can also exist without the product to be dosed (optionally with a change in its shape). A surface coating or a layer of a surface coating is therefore not a wall according to the present invention.

[0051] The chamber walls are made of a water-soluble material. The water solubility of the material can be determined using a square film of the material in question (film: 22 x 22 mm with a thickness of 76 μm) fixed in a square frame (inner edge length: 20 mm) according to the following measurement protocol. The framed film is placed in 800 ml of distilled water at 20 °C in a 1-liter beaker with a circular bottom (made by Co.Schott, Mainz, 1000 ml beaker, low form) so that the surface of the clamped film is positioned at a right angle to the bottom of the beaker, the top edge of the frame is 1 cm below the water surface, and the bottom edge of the frame is aligned parallel to the bottom of the beaker such that the bottom edge of the frame runs along the radius of the beaker bottom and the center of the bottom edge of the frame is positioned above the center of the radius of the beaker bottom. The material dissolves within 600 seconds with stirring (magnetic stirrer speed 300 rpm, stirring bar: 5 cm long) to such an extent that no individual solid particles are visible to the naked eye.

[0052] The walls of the chambers, and thus the water-soluble enclosures of the detergents according to the invention, are preferably formed from a water-soluble film material. Such water-soluble packages can be produced either by vertical form-fill-seal processes or by thermoforming processes.

[0053] The thermoforming process generally includes forming a first layer of a water-soluble film material to form recesses for receiving a composition therein, filling the composition into the recesses, covering the composition-filled recesses with a second layer of a water-soluble film material, and sealing the first and second layers together at least around the recesses.

[0054] The water-soluble film material is preferably selected from polymers or polymer blends. The wrapper can be formed from one or two or more layers of water-soluble film material. The water-soluble film materials of the first layer and the additional layers, if present, can be the same or different.

[0055] It is preferred that the water-soluble coating contains polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer; more preferably, it consists of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol copolymer.

[0056] Water-soluble films for producing the water-soluble coating are preferably based on a polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer whose molecular weight is in the range of 10,000 to 1,000,000 gmol -1 , preferably from 20,000 to 500,000 gmol -1 , particularly preferably from 30,000 to 100,000 gmol -1 and especially from 40,000 to 80,000 gmol -1lies.

[0057] Polyvinyl alcohol is typically produced by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate, since the direct synthesis route is not possible. The same applies to polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, which are produced from polyvinyl acetate copolymers. It is preferred if at least one layer of the water-soluble coating comprises a polyvinyl alcohol whose degree of hydrolysis is 70 to 100 mol%, preferably 80 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably 81 to 89 mol%, and especially 82 to 88 mol%.

[0058] A film material suitable for producing the water-soluble wrapping may additionally contain polymers selected from the group comprising acrylic acid-containing polymers, polyacrylamides, oxazoline polymers, polystyrenesulfonates, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyethers, polylactic acid, and / or mixtures of the above polymers. Copolymerization of the monomers underlying such polymers, individually or in mixtures of two or more, with vinyl acetate is also possible.

[0059] Preferred polyvinyl alcohol copolymers comprise, in addition to vinyl alcohol, an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, its salt, or its ester. Particularly preferably, such polyvinyl alcohol copolymers contain, in addition to vinyl alcohol, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, or mixtures thereof; among the esters, C 1-4 alkyl esters or hydroxyalkyl esters are preferred. Likewise preferred polyvinyl alcohol copolymers comprise, in addition to vinyl alcohol, ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids as further monomers. Suitable dicarboxylic acids include, for example, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and mixtures thereof, with itaconic acid being particularly preferred.

[0060] Suitable water-soluble films for use in the wrappers of the water-soluble packages according to the invention are films sold by MonoSol LLC, for example, under the designation M8630, C8400, or M8900. Other suitable films include films designated Solublon® PT, Solublon® GA, Solublon® KC, or Solublon® KL by Aicello Chemical Europe GmbH, or VF-HP films by Kuraray.

[0061] The washing or cleaning agent portion, comprising the washing or cleaning agent and the water-soluble coating, can have one or more chambers. The water-soluble coatings with one chamber can have a substantially dimensionally stable spherical, spherical, ellipsoidal, cube-shaped, cuboid-shaped, or pillow-shaped configuration with a circular, elliptical, square, or rectangular basic shape. The agent can be contained in one or more chambers, if present, of the water-soluble coating.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble coating has two chambers. In this embodiment, each chamber can contain a solid partial composition or a liquid partial composition, or the first chamber can contain a liquid partial composition and the second chamber a solid partial composition.

[0063] The proportions of the agents contained in the different chambers of a water-soluble casing with two or more chambers can have the same composition. However, the agents in a water-soluble casing with at least two chambers preferably have partial compositions that differ in at least one ingredient and / or in the content of at least one ingredient. Preferably, one partial composition of such agents according to the invention comprises an enzyme and / or bleach activator, and a further partial composition present separately comprises a peroxidic bleaching agent, wherein the first-mentioned partial composition then comprises, in particular, no peroxidic bleaching agent, and the second-mentioned partial composition then comprises, in particular, no enzyme and no bleach activator.

[0064] By packaging the portions in a water-soluble casing, the user is able to put one or, if desired, several, preferably one, of the portions into the washing machine or dishwasher, in particular into the detergent drawer of a washing machine, or into a container for carrying out a manual washing or cleaning process. Such portion packs meet the consumer's desire for simplified dosing. After water is added, the casing material dissolves, so that the ingredients are released and can develop their effect in the liquor. A water-soluble casing preferably weighs 10 g to 35 g, in particular 12 g to 28 g and particularly preferably 12 g to 15 g, the proportion of the water-soluble casing included in the weight specification being 0.3 g to 2.5 g, in particular 0.7 g to 1.2 g.

[0065] The production of solid compositions according to the invention presents no difficulties and can be carried out in a known manner, for example by spray drying or granulation, with enzymes and any other thermally sensitive ingredients, such as bleaching agents, being added separately later if necessary. For the production of compositions with increased bulk density, particularly in the range of 650 g / l to 950 g / l, a process comprising an extrusion step is preferred.

[0066] Liquid or pasty compositions according to the invention in the form of solutions containing water and conventional solvents are generally prepared by simply mixing the ingredients, which can be added in substance or as a solution into an automatic mixer.

[0067] Examples

[0068] Example 1: Washing performance

[0069] The washing performance of a sophorolipid (Rewoferm® SL ONE) in combination with a cationic surfactant (Ci2 / Ci4-dimethylhydroxyethylammonium chloride (Präpagen® HY) or benzalkonium chloride) was tested in a high-throughput washing device at 30°C and pH 8. For comparison, the commercially available sophorolipid alone and the pure acid form of the sophorolipid (i.e., the hydrolyzed Rewoferm® SL ONE) alone were also tested. Various molar ratios of the sophorolipid acid form to the cationic surfactant were investigated (specified in Tables 1 and 2). The total surfactant concentration in the wash liquor was 0.62 g / l in all tests. Twelve different standardized soils (3*lipstick, pigment / oil, pigment / sebum, olive oil, 2*sebum, mayonnaise, frying oil, lard, beef fat) were applied to polyester-cotton blends. After drying, the reflectance values ​​of the washed textiles were determined and added together.In the following tables, the results are given as mean values ​​of triplicate determinations of the 12 different soils:.

[0070] Table 1 : Sum of remission values

[0071] Table 2: Sum of remission values While the sophorolipid showed low washing performance in both the commercial form and the pure acid form, the latter was significantly improved by the combination with a cationic surfactant.

[0072] Example 2: Foam formation

[0073] In a 50 ml solution containing each surfactant listed in Table 2 at a concentration of 0.12 g / l, foam was generated in a TECLIS Foam Scan® device by constantly gassing it through a glass frit from below for 120 seconds with an air flow of 100 ml / min. The foam heights were detected by a camera. Rewoferm® SL ONE, also used in Example 1, was used as the sophorolipid.

[0074] Table 3: Foam volume [ml] after 120 seconds

Claims

Patent claims: 1 . Compound of general formula (I) S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in the S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R 1 is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to C12 alkyl radicals, C7 to C20 alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5 -O(C=O)-R e and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R e is selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R e the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched chain.

2. Mixture of compounds of general formula (I), S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in the S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R 1 is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to C12 alkyl radicals, C7 to C20 alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5 -O(C=O)-R e and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R e is selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R ein each case the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched-chain, with sophorolipids which do not have an ammonium countercation defined in formula (I), but are present in the form of the free acid or its alkali salts, or which are present in the lactone form.

3. Mixture of compounds of general formula (I), S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in the S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R 1 is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to C - alkyl radicals, C7 to C2o alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5 -O(C=O)-R e and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R eis selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R e in each case the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched chain, with salts containing cations which are N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) in formula (I), but have a different counteranion, for example a halide. Mixture according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it contains a) the compound of general formula (I) and b) the sophorolipid not defined in general formula (I) and / or the cation not defined in general formula (I) in weight ratios of a) to b) in the range from 1:100 to 100:1, in particular from 100:1 to 50:

50. Washing, cleaning or hair treatment compositions containing a compound of general formula (I), S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in the S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R 1 is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to C12 alkyl radicals, C7 to C20 alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5 -O(C=O)-R e and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R e is selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R ein each case the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched-chain, or a mixture according to one of claims 2 to 4. Agent according to claim 5, characterized in that it contains 0.1 wt.% to 40 wt.%, in particular 0.2 wt.% to 30 wt.% and particularly preferably 0.5 wt.% to 15 wt.% of the compound of the general formula (I) or a mixture according to claims 2 to 4. Method for washing textiles, in the course of which a compound of the general formula (I), S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in the S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R 1 is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to C12 alkyl radicals, C7 to C20 alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5 -O(C=O)-Re and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R e is selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R e in each case the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched-chain, or a mixture according to any one of claims 2 to 4, or a detergent containing a compound of the general formula (I), or a detergent containing a mixture according to any one of claims 2 to 4, is introduced into a wash liquor which contains a textile in need of cleaning or into which a textile in need of cleaning is introduced. A process for cleaning hard surfaces, in the course of which a compound of the general formula (I), S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in the S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R 1is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to C12 alkyl radicals, C7 to C20 alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5 -O(C=O)-R e and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R e is selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R ein each case the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched-chain, or a mixture according to any one of claims 2 to 4, or a cleaning agent containing a compound of general formula (I), or a cleaning agent containing a mixture according to any one of claims 2 to 4, is introduced into a cleaning liquor which is brought into contact with the hard surface to be cleaned. A method for hair treatment, in the course of which a compound of general formula (I), S-CO2-N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 ) (I) in the S-CO2- is a sophorolipid carboxylate anion and R 1 is selected from R 2 and H, R 2 is selected from Ci- to C4-alkyl radicals and C2- to C4-hydroxyalkyl radicals, R 3 is selected from R 4 and R 2 , and R 4 is selected from C10 to C12 alkyl radicals, C7 to C20 alkylaryl radicals, radicals -R 5-O(C=O)-R e and residues -R 5 -NH(C=O)-R e , where R 5 from the C2 to C4 alkylene radicals and R e selected from the C10 to Cis-alkyl radicals is, and in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R e in each case the alkyl moieties can be linear or branched-chain, or a mixture according to one of claims 2 to 4, or a hair treatment agent containing a compound of the general formula (I), or a hair treatment agent containing a mixture according to one of claims 2 to 4, is applied, in particular, to wet hair. Compound according to claim 1, mixture according to one of claims 2 to 4, agent according to one of claims 5 to 7 or method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that in the cations N + (R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4) of the compounds of the general formula (I) two to three, in particular three of the four radicals have a carbon chain length of at most 4, in particular of 1, and the remaining radical or the other two radicals have a carbon chain of Cw to Cw.

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