Method, control program, and planning device for a powder bed-based additive manufacture in layers

Abstract

The invention relates to a method, in particular an LMF, SLS, or EBM method, for an additive manufacture of at least one component (19) in layers in a powder bed (15) using at least two beams (11a, 11b) which can be deflected two-dimensionally, wherein the powder bed (15) has multiple powder bed layers which are divided into multiple segments by means of multiple segmentation lines (14a, 14b) running approximately perpendicularly to the direction of a gas flow (G), wherein the gas flows in a substantially parallel manner over the powder bed (15), the at least two beams (11a, 11b) solidify the at least one component (19) to be solidified by means of a substantially equal laser load within a segment of the powder bed layer (15), and individual segmentation lines (14a, 14b) of each powder bed layer are adapted on the basis of a criterion.

Description

[0001] Process ramm and powder bed-based layered additive manufacturing

[0002] Technical area

[0003] The present invention relates to a method, in particular LMF, SLS or EBM methods, for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams which are two-dimensionally deflectable, a control program which has code means which are adapted to carry out all steps of the method, and a planning device for creating a control program for controlling a machine for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams which are two-dimensionally deflectable over a common powder bed region.

[0004] Background of the Revelation

[0005] In additive manufacturing, e.g., selective laser sintering or selective laser melting, a powdered material, e.g., a metal or ceramic powder, is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation. Thin powder bed layers are successively applied in a chamber on a build platform to form three-dimensional objects by irradiating the respective powder bed layers with an irradiation beam, e.g., a laser beam. Corresponding devices are referred to as additive manufacturing devices, 3D printing systems, selective laser sintering machines, or selective laser melting machines, and the like. For the operation of such a device, see, for example, EP 2 732 890 A2.

[0006] In recent years, the additive manufacturing of components has also gained importance in industrial settings. Additive manufacturing in a powder bed (powder bed fusion, PBF), in which thin powder bed layers, e.g. made of metal, ceramic, or thermoplastic powder, are gradually applied and locally solidified with one or more beams to successively build up the component, is particularly suitable for the production of complex and delicate components. Machines suitable for carrying out a PBF process are referred to below as PBF machines. Lasers and electron beam systems are typically used as beam sources. The use of a laser source is also referred to as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The beam can sinter or melt the powder to solidify it, thereby bonding it to previously solidified component layers.Depending on the beam source, sintering is referred to as selective laser sintering (SLS) or electron beam sintering, while melting is referred to as selective laser melting (SLM) or electron beam melting (EBM). Powder-bed additive manufacturing of metal powder using a laser beam is also known as laser metal fusion (LMF).

[0007] Systems are known from the prior art in which a powder bed layer is divided into several rigid segments. These segments are processed sequentially by the laser beams to avoid a single laser beam from overshooting. This has the disadvantage, among other things, that in edge regions where individual islands of a component exist in several neighboring segments, very short vectors can arise, which can lead to local overheating. This is the case, for example, when an island protrudes slightly beyond a neighboring segment. Furthermore, the segmentation creates many seams between neighboring segments, which can lead, among other things, to uncontrolled cooling in the component.

[0008] In particular, it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method that can be easily carried out in an automated manner, can be easily implemented even in existing additive manufacturing devices and can preferably be carried out during the entire manufacturing process.

[0009] In general, the present disclosure is directed, at least in part, to improving or overcoming one or more aspects of prior systems, and in particular to avoiding local overheating.

[0010] Thus, the present disclosure is directed, at least in part, to improving on or overcoming one or more aspects of prior systems. Summary of the Disclosure

[0011] Some objects of the present disclosure can be achieved by a method, in particular LMF, SLS or EBM methods, for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams that are two-dimensionally deflectable according to claim 1, a control program having code means adapted to carry out all steps of the method according to claim 11, and a planning device for creating a control program for controlling a machine for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams that are two-dimensionally deflectable over a common powder bed region according to claim 12. Further aspects and further developments are defined in the dependent claims.

[0012] According to a first aspect, the present disclosure discloses a method, in particular LMF, SLS or EBM methods, for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed using at least two beams that are two-dimensionally deflectable, wherein the powder bed has a plurality of powder bed layers that are divided into a plurality of segmentation lines running approximately perpendicular to a direction of a gas flow, wherein the gas flow flows essentially parallel over the powder bed, wherein within a segment of the powder bed layer, the at least two beams consolidate the at least one component to be consolidated using a substantially equal laser load, and wherein individual segmentation lines of a respective powder bed layer are adapted or shifted based on a criterion. Preferably, the gas flow flows parallel to the plane spanned by the powder bed.Adjusting the segmentation lines preferably means shifting the segmentation line. This means, in particular, shifting the segmentation line parallel.

[0013] According to a second aspect, the present disclosure discloses a method, in particular LMF, SLS or EBM method, for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams which are two-dimensionally deflectable, wherein the powder bed has a plurality of powder bed layers which are divided into a plurality of segments by means of a plurality of variable segmentation lines running approximately perpendicular to a direction of a gas flow, wherein the gas flow flows essentially parallel over the powder bed, wherein within a segment of the powder bed layer the at least two beams consolidate the at least one component to be consolidated by means of a substantially equal laser load, and wherein the variable segmentation lines of a respective powder bed layer are set on the basis of a criterion.

[0014] Advantageously, the first and second aspects of the present disclosure overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a method is provided that can be easily automated, can be easily implemented even in existing additive manufacturing devices, and can preferably be performed throughout the entire manufacturing process. Furthermore, local overheating in the component can be avoided.

[0015] An island refers to a single, contiguous surface area of ​​the cross-section of a component to be solidified or solidified in a powder bed layer. A contour pass is understood to mean solidification along a section of the target contour or along the entire target contour of an island. The contour pass can be formed by a single or multiple, overlapping solidification steps, with the outline of the island being formed by the outer edge of the contour pass. Such contour passes are known, for example, from DE 10 2005 027 0311 B3. Contour passes enable improved surface quality, e.g. through homogeneous material properties or a reduction in surface roughness. Such contour passes can be approximated, for example, by successive linear vectors along which the beam is deflected over the powder bed.When solidifying the island, a distinction is at least made between the contour travel and the other, inner regions. These inner regions can be solidified according to various scanning strategies, e.g. divided into strips or checkerboard fields. With the stripe strategy, the inner region of the island is solidified strip by strip, with the beam solidifying each strip by deflecting it along vectors that are essentially perpendicular to the strip. One such strategy is described in detail in EP 2956262 A2, for example. With the checkerboard field strategy, the inner region of the island is usually divided into square sections, which are solidified along vectors that are arranged parallel to a pair of side surfaces of each square section. The vectors are usually rotated by 90° to one another for adjacent square sections. One such strategy is described in detail in EP 2956262 A2, for example.disclosed in CN 105750543 A. The surface roughness is reduced by means of contour runs, since the contour of the island no longer includes numerous vector start points and vector end points along which the inner areas of an island are solidified compared to the contour run.

[0016] A vector represents a trajectory of a beam to be executed during the solidification of the powder bed, which is created during the planning of the solidification.

[0017] A powder bed layer usually has a layer thickness of 20 pm to 120 pm, preferably 40 pm to 80 pm.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the criterion for adapting individual segmentation lines of a respective powder bed layer is selected from: the geometry of at least one island of the at least one component, the slice contour of the at least one island of the at least one component and / or the change in the melt volume.

[0019] Preferably, the segmentation line is shifted to a location at which the slice contour of at least one island of the at least one component changes at least approximately abruptly and / or at which the geometry of at least one island of the at least one component changes at least approximately abruptly and / or at which the volume of at least one island of the at least one component is divided more evenly into the segments.

[0020] Advantageously, the segmentation lines are shifted to avoid very short vectors in peripheral areas. This leads to more even beam utilization and can also prevent local overheating.

[0021] In another variant, the segments of a respective powder bed layer are processed by at least two jets against the gas flow direction. This has the advantage that the smoke / dirt or similar generated during processing does not contaminate the powder bed layer still to be processed or impair the subsequent processing process.

[0022] In a further embodiment, within a segment of the powder bed layer, the at least two beams solidify the at least one island of the at least one component to be machined using a substantially equal laser load. This prevents one beam from overshooting the other and achieves high productivity.

[0023] Preferably, the segmentation lines have a substantially straight and / or curved shape, at least in sections. In a further variant of the method, the segmentation lines are shifted in sections, preferably in jumps. This has the advantage that the segmentation lines can be optimally adapted to the circumstances.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the segments formed from the segmentation lines have a predefined width, with the segments preferably having a width of 1 to 15 cm. Preferably, the segments formed from the segmentation lines have substantially the same width and / or substantially the same volume.

[0025] In another embodiment, the laser utilization is defined by a combination of the scan speed, the length of the vectors, and predetermined delays / minimum times. An alternative simple approximation is the exposure area or the exposure time. The exposure time depends on the scan speeds, the length of the vectors in the exposure area, and the defined delays / minimum times.

[0026] According to a third aspect, the present disclosure discloses a control program comprising code means adapted to carry out all steps of the method for layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams when the control program is executed on a machine controller of an additive manufacturing device, in particular an LMF, SLS or EBM machine.

[0027] Advantageously, the third aspect of the present disclosure overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a control program is provided that can be easily carried out or executed in an automated manner, can also be easily implemented in existing additive manufacturing devices, and can preferably be executed throughout the entire manufacturing process. Furthermore, local overheating in the component can be avoided. A typical control program usually has a data volume in the range of megabytes to gigabytes and thus such a large number of instructions for machine control that manual execution is not reasonably possible. The control program, on the other hand, has the advantage that the instructions can be executed automatically.A control program usually contains information on the layer thickness of the powder bed layers to be applied, the vectors to be solidified and, in particular, processing parameters, for example depending on the layer thickness or the powder to be used.

[0028] According to a fourth aspect, the present disclosure discloses a planning device for creating a control program for controlling a machine for layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams which are deflectable two-dimensionally over a common powder bed region, the planning device comprising: a vector module for creating vectors for the control program, which calculates vectors for at least one island to be solidified in each powder bed layer such that when solidification is carried out along the vectors by means of beams on the machine, the island is formed, an assignment module, which is designed as part of the vector module or as a separate module, which assigns one of the several available beams of the machine to each vector of the control program such that the control program is adapted, when executed on a machine control of the machine, in particular an LMF,SLS or EBM machine, for carrying out the process for layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed using at least two beams, and a control interface for controlling the machine according to the control program or for exporting the control program for transmission to a machine control system.

[0029] Advantageously, the fourth aspect of the present disclosure overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a planning facility is provided that can be easily automated, can also be easily implemented in existing additive manufacturing devices, and can preferably be carried out throughout the entire manufacturing process. Furthermore, local overheating in the component can be avoided. In addition to the advantages of the method, this also allows for the automated creation of a control program taking into account rules that prevent adverse interactions between beams. For example, it could be disadvantageous if the beams solidify the powder bed layer in close proximity, as this could lead to local overheating or the emissions during solidification could adversely affect the other beam.

[0030] Such a planning device often comprises a computer program that runs on a machine control system or a separate computer. In powder bed-based additive manufacturing, such planning devices are often referred to as build processors. Build processors are known from the state of the art, and there are machine-specific versions of these, for example, for LMF and EBM machines from various manufacturers. Such a planning device creates control programs of the type described above, in particular in an automated manner, from information about a component to be manufactured. The use of such planning devices is particularly relevant for the production of complex components, since the manual programming of the control programs to be generated cannot be created within an economically reasonable time and with the same quality due to the amount of data they require, which can range in megabytes or gigabytes.

[0031] The planning device includes a vector module for creating vectors for the control program, which calculates vectors for at least one island to be solidified in each powder bed layer in such a way that, when solidification is carried out along the vectors using beams on the machine, the island is formed. The vectors form a contour scan for at least one selection of the islands. This allows for the automated creation of control programs with various scanning strategies, for example, a stripe strategy or a checkerboard strategy.

[0032] Furthermore, the planning device comprises an assignment module, which is designed as part of the vector module or as a separate module, which assigns one of the several available beams of the machine to each vector of the control program in such a way that the control program is adapted to carry out the aforementioned method when executed on a machine control system of the machine, in particular an LMF, SLS, or EBM machine. In addition to the advantages of the method, this also allows for the automated creation of a control program taking into account rules that prevent adverse interactions between beams. For example, it could be disadvantageous if the beams solidify the powder bed layer in immediate proximity, as this could lead to local overheating or the emissions during solidification could adversely affect the other beam.

[0033] The planning device also includes a control interface for controlling the machine according to the control program or for exporting the control program for transfer to a machine control system. If the planning device is configured to control the machine, it is usually part of the machine control system, so that the large control program, for example, does not have to be transferred through the machine operator's network. A planning device that exports the control program for transfer, on the other hand, has the advantage that the control program can be transferred to any suitable machine, optionally even to multiple suitable machines. The planning device can, for example, comprise a computer independent of the machine or be executed on it.

[0034] According to a further embodiment, the planning device further comprises: an input interface for importing powder bed layer data of a component to be additively manufactured layer by layer and / or a slicing module for creating the powder bed layer data of the component from a construction plan of the component, wherein the powder bed layer data comprise information on the islands to be solidified of several, in particular all, powder bed layers. This has the advantage that the construction plan of the component to be manufactured, i.e. the design created with a design module, can be created on another, independent computer or with another, independent computer program. In the prior art, a design module is usually referred to as a program for computer-aided design (CAD) or computer-aided design. In this variant, design modules from any manufacturer can advantageously be used.It can also be advantageous if no design has to be created on the machine, as the operating options may be limited compared to an office workstation, for example due to a smaller screen or less ergonomic operating devices.

[0035] The planning device preferably comprises a machine control system and / or at least one additional computer. This allows some functions to be performed at an ergonomic office workstation, for example, on a laptop or workstation, while others can be performed at the machine, thus avoiding the time-consuming transfer of large amounts of data, such as control programs, between the office workstation and the machine.

[0036] In another embodiment of the planning system, each of the modules is implemented on one or more of the computers. This allows for flexible utilization of the aforementioned advantages of an ergonomic office workstation and the avoidance of lengthy data transfers.

[0037] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Short description of the drawings

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. In the drawings:

[0040] Fig. 1 schematically shows a PBF machine for powder bed-based additive manufacturing of components,

[0041] Fig. 2a schematically shows a powder bed layer with islands to be solidified of at least one component according to the prior art,

[0042] Fig. 2b schematically shows a powder bed layer with islands to be consolidated of at least one component according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3a schematically shows a powder bed layer with islands to be consolidated of at least one component according to the prior art,

[0043] Fig. 3b schematically shows a powder bed layer with islands of at least one component to be solidified according to an embodiment of the present invention,

[0044] Fig. 4 schematically shows a planning device for creating a

[0045] Control program for controlling a PBF machine, and

[0046] Fig. 5 schematically shows a planning device distributed across two computers.

[0047] Detailed description

[0048] The following is a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The exemplary embodiments described herein and illustrated in the drawings are intended to teach the principles of the present disclosure and to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to implement and use the present disclosure in a variety of environments and for a variety of applications. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments are not intended to be, and should not be considered, a limiting description of the scope of patent protection. Rather, the scope of patent protection is to be defined by the appended claims.

[0049] Fig. 1 schematically shows a PBF machine 1 with a process chamber 3 and a machine control system 5. The machine control system 5 has a data storage device 7 for storing control programs. The PBF machine 1 also has at least two scanners 9a, 9b, each deflecting a beam 11a, 11b. The scanner 9a, 9b can, for example, comprise a scanner mirror rotatable in two directions for a laser beam or two scanner mirrors rotatable in one direction. The scanner 9a, 9b can, for example, comprise a galvanometer scanner. Alternatively, for an electron beam, the scanner 9a, 9b can comprise several pairs of electrodes, between which an electric field can be applied to deflect the electron beam.

[0050] The PBF machine 1 also comprises a substrate plate 13, which is arranged below the scanners 9a, 9b and onto which a powder bed 15 is applied layer by layer. For this purpose, the substrate plate 13 is adjusted by a desired distance in the Z direction, i.e., in the direction of increasing distance from the scanners 9a, 9b, and then a new powder bed layer is applied using a powder pusher 17. Wipers, blades, or cylinders, for example, can be used as powder pushers 17. In this case, the scanners 9a, 9b are suitable for deflecting their respective beams 11a, 11b over the entire powder bed 15. Thus, in this exemplary embodiment, the entire powder bed surface represents a common powder bed region 18 in which the beams 11a, 11b can solidify the powder.After the topmost powder bed layer has solidified, the substrate plate 13 can be moved again in the Z direction, and a new powder bed layer can be applied to produce components 19 layer by layer. The layer of the at least one component 19 to be solidified in a powder bed layer is referred to as an island 20; 20a, 20b. An island 20; 20a, 20b is thus a "slice" of the at least one component 19, whereby several islands 20; 20a, 20b can be present in one layer, each of which belongs to only one component 19.

[0051] The process chamber 3 is gas-tight and comprises a gas inlet 21 and a gas outlet 23. The gas inlet 21 can be used to fill the process chamber 3 with an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon to prevent oxidation of the powder. Together with the gas outlet 23, a constant protective gas flow can also be created over the powder bed 15 to remove condensate, powder particles, and other particles thrown into the atmosphere by the process during solidification with laser beams, thereby reducing potential interference with the laser beam. The gas outlet 23 can also be used to evacuate the process chamber 3 so that electron beams can be used as beams 11a, 11b. For this purpose, the process chamber 3 must be vacuum-tight.

[0052] The machine control system 5 also has a data interface 25, via which, for example, control programs can be imported. When a control program is executed via a control interface 41, the machine control system 5 can perform all steps on the machine necessary for layer-by-layer additive manufacturing, such as activating or deactivating the beams 11a, 11b, deflecting them with the scanner 9a, 9b, adjusting the substrate plate 13 along the Z-axis, or initiating a powder deposition.

[0053] Fig. 2a schematically shows a powder bed layer with two islands 20a, 20b of the at least one component 19 to be solidified according to the prior art. Here, the powder bed layer is divided into three segments by means of segmentation lines 14a, 14b. The segmentation lines 14a, 14b are arranged at the same distance from one another and are rigid, i.e., they are equally spaced from one another in each layer. The positions of the islands 20a, 20b to be solidified on the powder bed layer are irrelevant.

[0054] Fig. 2b schematically shows a powder bed layer with two islands 20a, 20b to be solidified of the at least one component 19 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Here, the powder bed layer is divided into three segments by segmentation lines 14a, 14b. The segmentation lines 14a, 14b are largely arranged at the same distance from each other, with the segmentation line 14a being raised in sections so that the island 20b lies within a segment. This means that the island 20b, which is now located within a single segment, can be processed evenly without a segment change or transition from one segment to another.

[0056] Fig. 3a schematically shows a powder bed layer with an island 20 of the at least one component 19 to be solidified according to the prior art. Here, the powder bed layer is divided into three segments by means of segmentation lines 14a, 14b. The segmentation lines 14a, 14b are arranged at the same distance from one another and are rigid, i.e., they are equally spaced from one another in each layer. The position of the island 20 to be solidified on the powder bed layer is irrelevant.

[0057] Fig. 3b schematically shows a powder bed layer with an island 20 to be solidified of the at least one component 19 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Here, the powder bed layer is divided into three segments by means of segmentation lines 14a, 14b. The segmentation lines 14a, 14b are arranged largely at the same distance from one another, with the segmentation lines 14a, 14b being shifted in sections at locations where the geometry of the island 20 of the at least one component 19 changes at least approximately abruptly and / or where the volume of the island 20 of the at least one component 19 is divided more evenly into the segments.

[0059] As can be seen from a comparison of Figures 3a and 3b, the assignment lines 16 in Fig. 3b are arranged significantly more centrally in the segment sections of the island 20. The assignment line 16 is a virtual line that divides the processing area of ​​the beams 11a, 11b into sections with equal laser utilization. Here, the left section is solidified by beam 11a, while the right, opposite part is solidified by beam 11b. This advantageously avoids very short vectors in edge regions, as is the case in Fig. 3a. These can lead to local overheating in the component 19.

[0060] Fig. 4 schematically shows a planning device 31 for creating a control program for controlling a PBF machine 1 for powder-bed-based additive manufacturing with at least two beams 11a, 11b, which are deflectable two-dimensionally over a common powder bed area 18. The planning device 31 comprises an input interface 33, a slicing module 35, a vector module 37, an assignment module 39, and a control interface 41'.

[0061] The input interface 33 is used to import powder bed layer data of a component 19 to be additively manufactured layer by layer from a construction plan of the component 19.

[0062] The slicing module 35 creates the powder bed layer data of the component 19 from a construction plan of the component 19, wherein the powder bed layer data comprise information on the islands of several, in particular all, powder bed layers to be solidified.

[0063] The vector module 37 creates vectors for the control program. The vector module 37 calculates vectors for at least one island to be solidified in each powder bed layer such that, when solidification is carried out along the vectors using beams 11a, 11b on the machine 1, the island is formed, whereby the vectors form a contour path for at least one selection of the islands.

[0064] The assignment module 39 is configured as part of the vector module 37 or as a separate module. The assignment module 39 assigns one of the multiple available beams 11a, 11b of the machine 1 to each vector of the control program such that the control program, when executed on a machine control system of the machine 1, in particular an LMF, SLS, or EBM machine, is adapted to carry out the method for layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component 19 in a powder bed 15 using at least two beams 11a, 11b, which are deflectable two-dimensionally over a common powder bed region 18.

[0065] The control interface 41' controls the machine 1 according to the control program or exports the control program in order to transfer it to a machine control.

[0066] Fig. 5 schematically shows one possibility for transferring the data from the planning device 31 to the machine control 5, which optionally has an internal data storage device 7. The data from the planning device 31 is transferred via a data interface 25 of the machine control 5. This transfer can be carried out, for example, using a data storage device, such as a USB stick, or a network 43 (intranet, internet).

[0067] It is expressly understood that all features disclosed in the description and / or the claims are intended to be disclosed separately and independently of one another for the purpose of original disclosure as well as for the purpose of limiting the claimed invention, regardless of the composition of the features in the embodiments and / or the claims. It is expressly understood that all ranges of values ​​or indications of groups of units disclose every possible intermediate value or intermediate value for the purpose of original disclosure as well as for the purpose of limiting the claimed invention, in particular as limits of ranges of values. Although the preferred embodiments of this invention have been described herein, improvements and modifications may be incorporated without departing from the scope of the following claims.

[0068] List of reference symbols

[0069] 1 PBF machine

[0070] 3 Process Chamber

[0071] 5 Machine control

[0072] 7 data carriers

[0073] 9a, 9b Scanner

[0074] 11a, 11b beam

[0075] 13 Substrate plate

[0076] 14a, 14b Segmentation line

[0077] 15 Powder bed

[0078] 16 Assignment line

[0079] 17 powder slides (wiper, blade, cylinder)

[0080] 18 common powder bed area

[0081] 19 component

[0082] 20; 20a, 20b Island

[0083] 21 Gas inlet

[0084] 23 Gas outlet

[0085] 25 Data interface

[0086] 31 Planning facility

[0087] 33 Input interface

[0088] 35 Slicing module

[0089] 37 Vector module

[0090] 39 Assignment module

[0091] 41, 41' control interface

[0092] 43 Network (Intranet, Internet)

[0093] G Gas flow direction / Direction of gas flow

[0094] Z Z-direction

Claims

Claims Method, in particular LMF, SLS or EBM method, for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component (19) in a powder bed (15) by means of at least two beams (11a, 11b) which are deflectable two-dimensionally, wherein the powder bed (15) has a plurality of powder bed layers which are divided into a plurality of segmentation lines (14a, 14b) running approximately perpendicular to a direction of a gas flow (G), wherein the gas flow flows essentially parallel over the powder bed (15), wherein within a segment of the powder bed layer (15) the at least two beams (11a, 11b) consolidate the at least one component (19) to be consolidated by means of an essentially identical laser load, and wherein individual segmentation lines (14a, 14b) of a respective powder bed layer are adapted on the basis of a criterion.Method, in particular LMF, SLS or EBM method, for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component (19) in a powder bed (15) by means of at least two beams (11a, 11b) which are deflectable two-dimensionally, wherein the powder bed (15) has a plurality of powder bed layers which are divided into a plurality of segments by means of a plurality of variable segmentation lines (14a, 14b) running approximately perpendicular to a direction of a gas flow (G), wherein the gas flow flows essentially parallel over the powder bed (15), wherein within a segment of the powder bed layer (15) the at least two beams (11a, 11b) consolidate the at least one component (19) to be consolidated by means of an essentially identical laser load, and wherein the variable segmentation lines (14a, 14b) of a respective powder bed layer are set on the basis of a criterion. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the criterion for adapting individual segmentation lines (14a, 14b) or for setting variable segmentation lines (14a, 14b) of a respective powder bed layer is selected from: the geometry of at least one island (20; 20a, 20b) of the at least one component (19), the slice contour of the at least one island (20; 20a, 20b) of the at least one component (19) and / or the change in the melt volume.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the segmentation line (14a, 14b) is shifted or set to a location at which the slice contour of at least one island (20; 20a, 20b) of the at least one component (19) changes at least approximately abruptly and / or at which the geometry of at least one island (20; 20a, 20b) of the at least one component (19) changes at least approximately abruptly and / or at which the volume of at least one island (20; 20a, 20b) of the at least one component (19) is more evenly divided into the segments. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the segments of a respective powder bed layer are processed by the at least two jets (11a, 11b) counter to the gas flow direction (G).Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, within a segment of the powder bed layer, the at least two beams (11a, 11b) solidify the at least one island (20; 20a, 20b) to be machined of the at least one component (19) by means of a substantially identical laser load. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the segmentation lines (14a, 14b) have a substantially straight and / or curved shape, at least in sections. Method according to one of claims 1 or 3 to 7, wherein the segmentation lines (14a, 14b) are shifted in sections, preferably abruptly. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the segments formed from the segmentation lines (14a, 14b) have a predefined width, wherein the segments preferably have a width of 1 to 15 cm. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the segments formed from the segmentation lines (14a, 14b) have substantially the same width and / or substantially the same volume. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the laser utilization is defined by a combination of the scanning speed, the length of the vectors, and predetermined delays. Control program comprising code means adapted to carry out all steps of the method according to one of claims 1 to 11, when the control program is executed on a machine control system (5) of an additive manufacturing device, in particular an LMF, SLS, or EBM machine.is executed. Planning device (31) for creating a control program for controlling a machine (1) for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one component in a powder bed by means of at least two beams (11a, 11b) which are deflectable two-dimensionally over a common powder bed region, the planning device (31) comprising: a vector module (37) for creating vectors for the control program, which calculates vectors for at least one island (20; 20a, 20b) to be solidified in each powder bed layer such that when solidification is carried out along the vectors by means of beams (11a, 11b) on the machine (1), the island (20; 20a, 20b) is formed, an assignment module (39), which is designed as part of the vector module (37) or as a separate module, which assigns one of the several available beams (11a, 11b) of the machine (1) to each vector of the control program such that the control program is adapted,when executed on a machine control (5) of the machine (1), in particular an LMF, SLS or EBM machine, to carry out the method according to one of claims 1 to 11, and, a control interface (41, 41') for controlling the machine (1) according to the control program or for exporting the control program for transmission to a machine controller (5). Planning device (31) according to claim 13, wherein the planning device (31) further comprises: an input interface (33) for importing powder bed layer data of a component (19) to be additively manufactured layer by layer and / or a slicing module (35) for creating the powder bed layer data of the component (19) from a construction plan of the component (19), wherein the powder bed layer data comprise information on the islands of several, in particular all, powder bed layers to be solidified. Planning device (31) according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the planning device (31) comprises a machine controller (5) and / or at least one further computer.

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