Plain bearing element

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a multi-layer plain bearing element (14), comprising the method steps: providing a carrier body (21); arranging a single-layer or multi-layer sheet (22) on the carrier body (21); connecting the carrier body (21) to the sheet (22) in a force-fitting, form-fitting or materially bonded manner, wherein for connecting the sheet (22) to the carrier body (21), a plurality of connection regions (26) are formed between the sheet (22) and the carrier body (21) at a distance from one another.

Description

[0001] SLIDE BEARING ELEMENT

[0002] The invention relates to a method for producing a multi-layered plain bearing element, comprising the method steps: providing a carrier body; arranging a single- or multi-layer layer on the carrier body; force-fitting and / or form-fitting and / or material-fitting connection of the carrier body and the layer.

[0003] The invention further relates to a method for producing a plain bearing from several plain bearing elements.

[0004] Furthermore, the invention relates to a multi-layered plain bearing element comprising a carrier body and a single- or multi-layered layer which is arranged on the carrier body and is connected thereto in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.

[0005] Finally, the invention relates to a plain bearing comprising several plain bearing elements.

[0006] A wide variety of processes are known from the state of the art for the formation of multi-layer plain bearing elements, such as the casting of an alloy onto a carrier body, electrolytic deposition processes, PVD and CVD processes, roll bonding processes, etc.

[0007] AT 522 611 A1 describes a method for producing a multi-layer plain bearing, comprising the method steps: providing a carrier body; providing a bearing body; applying the bearing body to the carrier body, wherein a carrier body connection surface faces a bearing body connection surface; deforming the bearing body by applying a magnetic force to the bearing body by means of a magnetic force generator, wherein the bearing body is pressed against the carrier body by means of the magnetic force generator and forms a force-fitting and / or form-fitting and / or material-fitting connection therewith.

[0008] The present invention is based on the object of creating a method by which plain bearing elements or plain bearings with complex geometric sections can also be provided. The object of the invention is achieved with the method mentioned above in that several spaced-apart connecting regions are formed between the layer and the carrier body to connect the layer to the carrier body.

[0009] Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by the method for producing a plain bearing mentioned at the outset, according to which the plain bearing elements are formed according to the invention.

[0010] In addition, the object of the invention is achieved with the sliding bearing element mentioned at the outset, in which several connecting regions spaced apart from one another are formed between the layer and the carrier body.

[0011] Finally, the object of the invention is achieved with the sliding bearing mentioned at the outset, in which the sliding bearing elements are designed according to the invention.

[0012] The advantage here is that the layer can be more easily adapted to and bonded to curves, even with changing radii, thanks to the arrangement of spaced-apart connection areas. This, in turn, is not only advantageous in terms of manufacturing costs, but can also achieve improved bond strength and thus improve the durability of the plain bearing element. A partial bond between the carrier body and the layer also allows for better adaptation to temperature fluctuations during operation of the plain bearing element.

[0013] To improve the aforementioned effects or to simplify the formation of the connecting regions, one embodiment of the invention can provide that, to form the connecting regions, the layer is deformed before being connected to the carrier body, so that elevations are formed in the connecting regions to be formed, and that the layer is arranged on the carrier body such that these elevations extend away from the carrier body. The connecting regions can be formed in the region of the elevations, which also allows for easier pre-definition of the positioning of the connecting regions.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the invention, the formation of the connecting regions during the bonding of the layer to the carrier body can be further simplified if the elevations are produced with a tapered width. To simplify the formation of the elevation in the layer, another embodiment of the invention can provide for the elevations to be formed by introducing grooves on the surface of the layer opposite the elevations.

[0015] According to a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the grooves are formed with a cross-section tapering towards the groove base, which, among other things, can simplify the introduction of the grooves.

[0016] According to a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that, for better connection of the layer to the carrier body, the connecting regions are produced with a width of between 2 mm and 20 mm.

[0017] Also to improve the bond strength, according to another embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the connecting regions are formed with a curved course, for example with a circular or oval course.

[0018] Depending on the application of the plain bearing element, the connecting areas can be arranged to run in different directions. According to one embodiment of the invention, the connecting areas can be formed at an angle selected from a range of 0° to 90°, relative to the circumferential direction of the plain bearing element. The connecting areas can therefore be arranged to run in the axial direction of the plain bearing, in the running direction, or in a direction oblique to this. In addition to easier adaptability to the carrier body geometry, alignment in the running direction can have a positive effect on the fatigue behavior of the plain bearing element. The same applies to obliquely running connecting areas.

[0019] The invention is particularly suitable for carrier bodies with a multi-directional, particularly spherical, bearing surface for the layer. Such plain bearing elements can be used in a plain bearing according to design variants of the plain bearing, which have plain bearing elements designed as plain bearing pads and which can be used in particular for the main rotor bearing of a wind turbine.

[0020] According to one embodiment variant, the elevations are preferably deformed by applying a magnetic force by means of a magnetic force generator and connected to the carrier body, since in this way, with the connection of the layer, a shape adaptation to the carrier body surface can be achieved in a short time.

[0021] In order to avoid gaping between the carrier body and the layer, according to one embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the further layer is formed flush with the carrier body.

[0022] For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail using the following figures.

[0023] They show in a simplified, schematic representation:

[0024] Fig. 1 a wind turbine;

[0025] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the rotor shaft of the wind turbine according to Fig. 1 with plain bearing pads arranged thereon;

[0026] Fig. 3 shows a variant of a plain bearing pad of the plain bearing in a perspective view;

[0027] Fig. 4 shows a first embodiment of a plain bearing element in perspective view;

[0028] Fig. 5 shows a section of a variant of a plain bearing element in side view;

[0029] Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a plain bearing element in plan view of the sliding surface;

[0030] Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a plain bearing element in plan view of the sliding surface;

[0031] Fig. 8 shows a variant of a device for connecting the layer to the carrier body.

[0032] By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols or component designations. The disclosures contained throughout the description can be applied analogously to identical parts with identical reference symbols or component designations. Furthermore, the positional information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refers to the directly described and illustrated figure, and these positional information must be applied analogously to the new position in the event of a change in position.

[0033] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a wind turbine 1 for generating electrical energy from wind power. The wind turbine 1 comprises a nacelle 2, which is rotatably mounted on a tower 3. The nacelle 2 comprises a nacelle housing 4, which forms the main structure of the nacelle 2. The electrical components, such as a generator of the wind turbine 1, are arranged in the nacelle housing 4 of the nacelle 2.

[0034] Furthermore, a rotor 5 is formed, which has a rotor hub 6 with rotor blades 7 arranged thereon. The rotor hub 6 is rotatably mounted on the nacelle housing 4 by means of a rotor main bearing 8. In particular, a plain bearing 9 is used as the rotor main bearing 8. In particular, it can be provided that the rotor hub 6 is arranged on a rotor shaft 10 (see Fig. 2), wherein the rotor shaft 10 is mounted in the rotor main bearing 8.

[0035] The rotor main bearing 8, which supports the rotor hub 6 on the nacelle housing 4 of the nacelle 2, is designed to absorb a radial force 11 and an axial force 12. The axial force 12 is caused by the force of the wind. The radial force 11 is caused by the weight of the rotor 5 and acts on the center of gravity of the rotor 5. Since the center of gravity of the rotor 5 lies outside the rotor main bearing 8, the radial force 11 causes a tilting moment 13 in the rotor main bearing 8. The tilting moment 13 can also be caused by uneven loading of the rotor blades 7. This tilting moment 13 can, if necessary, be absorbed by a second bearing arranged at a distance from the rotor main bearing 8. The second bearing can, for example, be arranged in the area of ​​the generator.

[0036] It should be mentioned at this point that the wind turbine 1 can also be designed differently. Furthermore, it should already be mentioned that the plain bearing 9 or the plain bearing elements used therein cannot be used exclusively for wind turbines 1, although this is a preferred application of the invention. The plain bearing 9 or the plain bearing element can, for example, be used generally for motors and gear applications or for turbines, such as tidal turbines. Fig. 2 shows the rotor shaft 10 with a plurality of plain bearing elements 14 arranged thereon. The plain bearing elements 14 are designed as plain bearing pads. The individual plain bearing pads have a circumferential extension 15. Compared to plain bearing half-shells, the circumferential extension 15 of plain bearing pads is significantly smaller. For example, the circumferential extension 15 can be between 5% and 25% of the total circumference of the plain bearing 9.

[0037] The plain bearing pads can be secured against axial slippage with axial locking elements 16. These axial locking elements 16 also allow for easy replacement of the plain bearing pads. The plain bearing pads and / or the axial locking elements 16 can also be designed differently than shown, as long as their function is maintained.

[0038] Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a variant of a plain bearing pad. This illustration is intended to illustrate that the invention can preferably be used in plain bearing elements 14 with a complex-shaped sliding surface 17.

[0039] The sliding surface 17 of the plain bearing pad slides against a counter-sliding surface, not shown, of the plain bearing 9 (see Fig. 1). For example, it can be provided that the counter-sliding surface is designed as a hard, wear-resistant surface, which can be formed, for example, from hardened steel. The sliding surface 17 of the plain bearing pad or, in general, of the plain bearing element 14 can be formed from a metallic plain bearing material that is softer than the counter-surface. Such bearing materials for plain bearing layers are known from the prior art, so that further details can be found in this prior art. For example, the plain bearing layer can be formed from an aluminum-based alloy, a tin-based alloy, or a copper-based alloy, etc., with aluminum, tin, or copper as the base forming the component of the alloy that has the largest proportion.

[0040] As can be seen particularly clearly from Fig. 3, it can be provided that the sliding surface of the plain bearing element 14 (or plain bearing pad) is curved when viewed in the axial direction. As can also be seen from Fig. 3, it can be provided that the sliding surface 17 has a first diameter in the region of a first end face 18 of the plain bearing element 14. Starting from this first end face 18, the sliding surface 17 can have an increased diameter towards an apex 19. At the apex 19, the sliding surface 17 has a second diameter which is larger than the first diameter. The apex 19 is arranged at a distance from a second end face 20 of the plain bearing element 14. Starting from the apex 19, the sliding surface can have a reduced diameter towards the second end face 20 of the plain bearing element 14. In the region of the second end face 20, the sliding surface 17 has a third diameter.

[0041] For example, a spherical cap section may be formed between the first end face 18 and the apex 19. The spherical cap section may have the basic shape of a spherical cap with a spherical cap radius.

[0042] The shape of the sliding surface 17 described here is not intended to limit the invention, but only serves to explain the invention.

[0043] For further details on the design of plain bearings in wind turbines, please refer to the relevant state of the art, for example AT 524 486 Al.

[0044] As can be seen from Fig. 4, the sliding bearing element 14 is constructed in multiple layers, comprising a carrier body 21 and a layer 22 arranged (directly) on the carrier body and connected thereto. Layer 22 forms the sliding surface 17.

[0045] It should be noted at this point that in the illustrations of the plain bearing element 14, the sliding surface 17 is formed by a radially outer layer. However, the arrangement or sequence of the layers of the plain bearing element 14 can also be configured differently or in reverse, with the carrier body 21 being arranged on the outside, viewed in the radial direction, and the layer 22 being arranged on the inside, viewed in the radial direction.

[0046] It should also be noted that only plain bearing pads are shown in the figures as plain bearing elements 14. The plain bearing element 14 can also be designed differently here, for example, as a half-shell or as a bearing bush, etc.

[0047] The support body 21 can be constructed in one or more parts. The support body 21 can be constructed in a single layer, but it can also be constructed in multiple layers. For example, the support body can have a support layer, e.g., made of steel, and a bearing metal layer 23 arranged thereon, as indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 4. The bearing metal layer 23 is arranged between the support layer and the layer 22 in the finished plain bearing element 14. The support body 21 or the support layer provides the structural strength to the plain bearing element 14.

[0048] Emergency running properties can be achieved via the bearing metal layer 23.

[0049] The layer 22 is in particular the metallic sliding layer of the plain bearing element 14 and therefore has corresponding sliding properties.

[0050] Layer 22 can be single-layered or multi-layered, e.g., as a two-layer sandwich. The multiple layers of layer 22 can have the same composition. Alternatively, at least one layer of layer 22 can have a different composition than the other layer(s).

[0051] There may also be further layers in the plain bearing element 14, for example a binding layer and / or an adhesion promoter layer.

[0052] In the preferred embodiment of the plain bearing element 14, however, it is designed in two layers with the layer 22 directly on the carrier body 21.

[0053] The materials suitable for the individual layers of the plain bearing element 14 are known from the relevant state of the art for multi-layer plain bearings, so reference is made to them to avoid repetition. Lead-free alloys, such as Al-Sn alloys or copper-based alloys, are preferred.

[0054] The connection between the carrier body 21 and the layer 22 is frictionally and / or positively connected and / or materially bonded. For the positive connection, form-locking elements 25, such as (undercut) grooves, can be formed in a contact surface 24 of the carrier body 21 against which the layer 22 rests, as can be seen in Fig. 5. The layer 22 extends into these form-locking elements 25.

[0055] Within the scope of the invention, the layer 22 preferably covers at least 80%, in particular at least 90%, preferably between 98% and 100%, of the contact surface 24 of the carrier body 21 for the layer 22.

[0056] As can be seen from Figs. 4, 6, and 7, it is provided that the layer 22 is connected to the carrier body 21 via a plurality of connecting regions 26 with a width 27. The connecting regions 26 can, in particular, also be referred to as weld seams. The connecting regions 26 can be arranged oriented in different directions on the carrier body 21, although all connecting regions 26 of a plain bearing element 14 preferably have the same orientation. According to one embodiment of the plain bearing element 14, it can therefore be provided that the connecting regions 26 are arranged at an angle on the carrier body 21 that is selected from a range of 0° and 90°, relative to a circumferential direction 28 of the plain bearing element 14.

[0057] Regarding the orientation of the connecting regions 26, it should be noted that this refers to the longitudinal extension of the connecting regions 26. The connecting regions 26 have a length that is greater than their width 27.

[0058] Three different courses of the connecting areas 26 are shown in Figs. 4, 6 and 7. Fig. 4 shows an orientation of the connecting areas 26 in the axial direction of the plain bearing 9, i.e. at an angle of 90 0 to the circumferential direction 28. In Fig. 6, the connecting areas 26 run in the circumferential direction 28, i.e. at an angle of 0 0 to the circumferential direction 28. In Fig. 7, the connecting areas 26 take a position at an angle of 45 0 to the circumferential direction 28. This angle of 45 0 but is only intended to illustrate the possibility of the oblique course of the connecting areas 26. The angle can also be different, for example 20 0 or 35 0or 60 0 or 75 °, etc.

[0059] If the plain bearing 9 comprises a plurality of plain bearing elements 14, as is the case, for example, when designed as plain bearing pads, it can be provided that plain bearing elements 12 with connecting regions 26 extending in different directions are combined in one plain bearing 9. However, the connecting regions 26 of all plain bearing elements 14 of a plain bearing 9 can also have the same orientation.

[0060] The layer 22 can also be formed from a plurality of layer strips, in particular if the plain bearing element 14 is not a plain bearing pad. It is also possible for all layer strips of a plain bearing element 14 to have the same composition. On the other hand, according to a further embodiment variant, it can also be provided that different materials are combined with one another. For example, a sequence of soft and, in comparison, harder layer strips can be formed in a plain bearing element 14, i.e., in a layer 22. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to improve the embedding capacity of the layer 22 for foreign particles and, on the other hand, to improve the sliding behavior of the plain bearing element 22, since these functions can be distributed between different materials. The connecting regions 26 can have a width 27 that is between 2 mm and 20 mm, in particular between 3 mm and 15 mm.The reference to the circumferential direction 28 applies to design variants of the plain bearing element 14 in which the connecting areas are at an angle other than 90. 0 to the circumferential direction 28, for example for the embodiments of Figs. 6 and 7.

[0061] However, it is possible for the connecting regions 26 of a plain bearing element 14 to have a different width 27. The invention is preferably used in plain bearing elements 14 whose support body 21 has a multi-directional, in particular spherical, contact surface 24 for the layer 22. By connecting the layer 22 to the support body 21 with the connecting regions 26, a complex shape of the contact surface 24 can be more easily reshaped.

[0062] Furthermore, it is possible for a plurality of plain bearing elements 14 to be installed in a plain bearing 9, which, although they have a substantially identical width 27 of the connecting regions 26 within a plain bearing element 14 in the above sense, the connecting regions 26 of at least two of the plain bearing elements 14, however, have a different width 27 of the connecting regions 26 from one another. This embodiment variant can be advantageous in particular if the connecting regions 26 of at least two of the plain bearing elements 14 of a plain bearing 9 have a different profile on the carrier body 21 from one another, as explained above.

[0063] In Figs. 4, 6 and 7, the connecting areas 26 are shown running in a straight line.

[0064] According to other embodiments of the invention, it can also be provided that the connecting regions 26 are or are formed with a curved course, for example with a circular, oval, or spiral course. The maximum width of an oval connecting region 26 can be between 2 mm and 20 mm. Curved connecting regions 26 can be formed in discrete regions and completely spaced from the circumference of the layer 22. Such connecting regions 26 can, however, also be formed to extend continuously over the entire width or the entire length of the layer 22, as is shown for the rectilinear connecting regions 26 in Figs. 4, 6, and 7. Likewise, they can therefore be formed to run in the circumferential direction 28 or at an angle thereto, as was also already explained above for the rectilinear connecting regions 26.These embodiments can be transferred accordingly to the curved connecting areas 26.

[0065] It is preferably provided that the layer 22 is or will be connected only partially to the carrier body 21. For this purpose, the layer 22 can be connected to the carrier body 21 in particular along its longitudinal side edges 30, 31 running in the direction of longitudinal extension. The remaining region of the layer 22 between the longitudinal side edges 30, 31, however, can be formed without forming a connection and only bears against the contact surface 24. However, it is preferably provided that the layer 22 is connected to the carrier body 21 in the region between the longitudinal side edges 30, 31, in particular by forming the connecting regions 26 and / or by one or more discrete connecting regions 32, 33, as shown in dashed lines in Fig. 6. The discrete connecting areas 32, 33 can be triangular, rectangular, square, circular, oval, polygonal, etc., each viewed in plan view, although mixed variants are also possible.

[0066] According to a further embodiment of the plain bearing element 14, it can be provided that grooves 34 are or will be formed in the layer 22, as indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 6.

[0067] At least some of the grooves 34 or all of the grooves 34 may have a groove width 35 which is between 2 mm and 20 mm, in particular between 3 mm and 15 mm.

[0068] At least some of the grooves 34 or all of the grooves 34 may have a groove depth of between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 3 mm.

[0069] At least some of the grooves 34 or all of the grooves 34 may have a square, rectangular, round, trapezoidal, etc. cross-section.

[0070] At least some of the grooves 34 or all of the grooves 34 can be produced simultaneously with or during the production of the connection of the layer 22 to the carrier body 21.

[0071] The layer 22 is preferably flush with the carrier body 21, i.e., preferably does not protrude beyond it. The layer 22 can be connected to the carrier body using various methods. According to a preferred embodiment of the method, it can be provided that the layer 22 is deformed by applying a magnetic force using a magnetic force generator 36 and is connected to the carrier body 21. As can be seen from Fig. 8, the layer 22 can be arranged at a distance 37 from the carrier body 21 for this purpose. The distance 37 from the carrier body 21 can be selected from a range from 0 mm to 10 mm, in particular from 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0072] Due to the distance 37, the layer 22 can be at least partially accelerated towards the carrier body 21 by applying a magnetic force.

[0073] The connecting regions 26 are formed, in particular, one after the other. However, it is also possible to form several connecting regions 26 simultaneously.

[0074] The magnetic field generator 36 may be part of a device 38, which also has an inductor 39 with which the layer 22 is subjected to pulses.

[0075] The magnetic force generator 36 may have at least one coil.

[0076] When a current source, particularly an alternating current source or a current source with a variable current, is applied to the coil, a magnetic field is generated by the current-carrying conductor. This magnetic field acts on the layer(s) directly beneath the inductor, in which a current flow is induced according to Lenz's law. Due to this current flow, the so-called Lorentz force acts on the layer(s) 22.

[0077] The coil is housed in a dimensionally stable housing. Thus, the Lorentz force can at least partially deform the layer 22. The deformation by means of the magnetic force can press the layer 22, particularly in the connecting regions 26, onto the carrier body 21, thus achieving a firm connection between the carrier body 2 and the layer 22, particularly in the connecting regions 26. This process is known as electromagnetic pulse welding (EMP welding).

[0078] The secure connection between the carrier body 2 and the layer 22 can be achieved solely by frictional engagement. However, the carrier body 21 can also have the form-locking elements 25, as already explained above with reference to Fig. 5, whereby a form-locking connection can be achieved.

[0079] According to a further embodiment of the method, a first electrode and a second electrode can be arranged on layer 22. The two electrodes can, for example, be arranged opposite one another on the two different end faces of the bearing body.

[0080] The two electrodes can be short-circuited to each other in order to amplify the force acting on layer 22 according to Lenz's law. In particular, in this embodiment, the current induced in layer 22 by the magnetic force of the magnetic force generator 36 can be used more effectively to also apply magnetic force in layer 22.

[0081] In an alternative embodiment, it is also conceivable that the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to a current source, in particular an alternating current source, in order to increase the force acting on the layer 22.

[0082] To further improve the bonding of layer 22 to carrier body 21, one embodiment of the invention may provide that, to form the connecting regions 26, layer 22 is deformed prior to being connected to carrier body 21, so that elevations 40 are formed in the connecting regions to be formed, and that layer 22 is arranged on or at carrier body 21 such that these elevations 40 protrude from layer 22 in the direction away from carrier body 21. This is illustrated in Fig. 8 by elevations 40 with a tapered width. For example, elevations 40 may have a triangular cross-section. According to other embodiments, elevations 40 may also have a different cross-sectional shape, for example, trapezoidal, round, for example semicircular, square, rectangular, generally polygonal, etc.The connecting regions 26 can be formed from the elevations 40 when connecting the layer 22 to the carrier body 21 by reshaping these elevations 40, in particular by pressing them back into the layer 22, so that the fully connected layer 22 can have a contact surface on the carrier body 21 that is essentially free of elevations or, except for surface roughnesses, free of elevations 40. Since the connecting regions 26 can be formed from the elevations 40, the elevations 40 preferably have a longitudinal profile that corresponds to that of the connecting regions 26.

[0083] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the elevations can be formed by introducing grooves 41 into a surface 42 of the layer 22 opposite the elevations 40. This embodiment is also shown in Fig. 8. In particular, the grooves 41 can be formed with a cross-section tapering towards a groove base 43, preferably with the cross-sectional shape of the elevations 40. In the preferred embodiment of the method, the grooves 41 are introduced into a layer blank for the layer 22, and the elevations 40 are formed on the opposite surface by material displacement. During the bonding of the layer 22 to the carrier body 21, the elevations 40 can then be displaced back into the grooves 41, whereby a surface of the layer 22 adapted to the contact surface 24 of the carrier body 21 can be formed.In the case of contact surfaces 24 that are curved (in several directions), the layer blank for the layer 22 can already be pre-curved, so that no or no significant amount of energy is required for this surface adaptation during the connection of the layer 22 to the carrier body 21.

[0084] Since the elevations 40 can be formed by the formation of the grooves 41, the grooves 41 preferably have a longitudinal profile which corresponds to that of the elevations 40, and thus preferably also to that of the connecting regions 26.

[0085] The embodiments show or describe possible embodiments, whereby it should be noted at this point that combinations of the individual embodiments are also possible.

[0086] For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that, for a better understanding of the structure, elements in the figures are not necessarily shown to scale.

[0087] Wind turbine 30 longitudinal side edge

[0088] Gondola 31 length ss side edge

[0089] Tower 32 connection area

[0090] Nacelle housing 33 connection area

[0091] Rotor 34 groove

[0092] Rotor hub 35 groove width

[0093] Rotor blade 36 magnetic force generator

[0094] Rotor main bearing 37 distance

[0095] Plain bearing 38 device

[0096] Rotor shaft 39 Inductor

[0097] Radial force 40 elevation

[0098] Axial force 41 groove

[0099] Tilting moment 42 surface

[0100] Plain bearing element 43 groove base

[0101] Circumferential extent

[0102] Axial locking element

[0103] Sliding surface

[0104] frontal surface

[0105] vertex

[0106] frontal surface

[0107] carrier body

[0108] layer

[0109] Bearing metal layer

[0110] contact surface

[0111] Form-locking element

[0112] Connection area

[0113] Width

[0114] Circumference direction

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for producing a multi-layer plain bearing element (14), comprising the method steps: - providing a carrier body (21); - arrangement of a single or multi-layer layer (22) on the carrier body (21); - force-fitting and / or form-fitting and / or material-fitting connection of the carrier body (21) to the layer (22), characterized in that for connecting the layer (22) to the carrier body (21), a plurality of spaced-apart connection regions (26) are formed between the layer (22) and the carrier body (21).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to form the connecting regions (26), the layer (22) is deformed before being connected to the carrier body (21) so that elevations (40) are formed in the connecting regions (26) to be formed, and in that the layer (22) is arranged on the carrier body (21) in such a way that these elevations (40) project in the direction away from the carrier body (21).

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the elevations (20) are produced with a tapered width.

4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the elevations (40) are formed by introducing grooves (41) on a surface (41) of the layer (22) opposite the elevations (40).

5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the grooves (41) are formed with a cross-section tapering towards a groove base (43).

6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connecting regions (26) are produced with a width (27) which is between 2 mm and 20 mm.

7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connecting regions (26) are formed with a curved course, for example with a circular or oval course.

8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the connecting regions (26) are formed at an angle which is selected from a range of 0° and 90°, relative to the circumferential direction (28) of the sliding bearing element (14).

9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a carrier body (21) with a contact surface (24) bent in several directions, in particular spherical, is selected for the layer (22).

10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the elevations (40) are deformed by applying a magnetic force by means of a magnetic force generator (36) and are connected to the carrier body (21).

11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the further layer (22) is formed flush with the carrier body (21).

12. Method for producing a plain bearing (9) from a plurality of plain bearing elements (14), characterized in that the plain bearing elements (14) are produced by a method according to one of claims 1 to 11.

13. Multi-layered plain bearing element (14), comprising a, optionally multi-layered, carrier body (21) and a, in particular one-piece, layer (22) which is arranged on the carrier body (21) and is connected thereto in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner, characterized in that a plurality of connecting regions (26) spaced apart from one another are formed between the layer (22) and the carrier body (21).

14. Plain bearing element (14) according to claim 13, characterized in that the connecting regions (26) have a width (27) which is between 2 mm and 20 mm.

15. Plain bearing element (14) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the connecting regions (26) have a curved course, for example with a circular or oval course.

16. Plain bearing element (14) according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the connecting regions (26) are arranged at an angle on the carrier body (21) which is selected from a range of 0° and 90°, relative to the circumferential direction (28) of the plain bearing element (14).

17. Plain bearing element (1) according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the carrier body (21) has a contact surface (24) for the layer which is bent in several directions, in particular spherical.

18. Plain bearing element (14) according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the layer (22) is formed flush with the carrier body (21).

19. A plain bearing (9) comprising a plurality of plain bearing elements (14), characterized in that the plain bearing elements (14) are designed according to one of claims 13 to 18.

20. Plain bearing (9) according to claim 19, characterized in that the plain bearing elements (14) are designed as plain bearing pads.

21. Plain bearing (9) according to claim 20, characterized in that the plain bearing pads form the main rotor bearing (8) of a wind turbine (1).

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