Construction composite film

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of composite construction films and, in particular, to a composite construction film having a multilayered structure. The present invention also relates to the use of a composite building film for the protection of, in particular temporary protection of building structures and / or structural components, in particular wooden structures and / or wooden structural components.

Description

[0001] Construction composite film

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite construction films.

[0003] In particular, the invention relates to a construction composite film with a multi-layer structure.

[0004] Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of a construction composite film for the, in particular temporary, protection of building structures and / or construction components, in particular wooden structures and / or wooden components.

[0005] Building materials and structures require effective protection against moisture and wetness during all construction phases, as well as during transport, storage, and assembly. Of particular importance in this context is effective waterproofing during construction, i.e., resilient protection of building materials and structures against the effects of the weather as well as against mechanical stresses during storage and transport, which can contribute to damage to the material, particularly visual but also structurally relevant. Accordingly, reliable temporary protection of building materials for the duration of a building's construction, i.e., the construction period, is crucial. Particular attention must be paid to the fact that during this time, building materials and structures are temporarily exposed to the effects of the weather and are relatively unprotected.

[0006] This is even more relevant for timber construction. Timber components and structures must be securely protected from moisture and wetness during transport, assembly, and construction to prevent moisture or water from penetrating the material and thus preventing any deterioration of the material or structure. To ensure a stable and resilient timber structure, the moisture content of the timber construction material used must not exceed 18%.

[0007] The field of timber construction has gained relevance in recent years, and the trend toward timber construction is increasing due to its sustainable nature. Wood is both a renewable raw material and climate-friendly, as its production and processing into a building material are, and can be, relatively low in carbon dioxide emissions. In contrast, wood is more susceptible to moisture penetration, especially during prolonged outdoor exposure, and is less resistant to localized mechanical stress than concrete components, for example, to scratches, impacts, or friction, which can contribute to scratches, dents, or abrasions in the building material.

[0008] Accordingly, there is a growing need in the timber construction sector for effective and reliable protection options for timber construction materials against, on the one hand, the effects of weather, especially during construction, when the weather can affect the timber construction material relatively unhindered. On the other hand, timber construction materials require robust protection to prevent damage during transport, storage, or assembly, for example, from mechanical forces in the form of friction, impact, or scratches, which can lead to visual impairment of the material.

[0009] Protective films are known from the state of the art and are applied to the wood construction material for the period of storage, transport and assembly or for the entire duration of the construction period, thus protecting the wood from weather influences and visual damage.

[0010] For example, translucent, self-adhesive protective films are known. However, these have the disadvantage of not being permeable to vapor diffusion. This means that any moisture present in the wood can no longer diffuse through the protective film after the film has been applied and thus accumulates in the wood. Depending on the moisture content, this can result in significant damage to the wood construction material. Also known are permeable, self-adhesive protective films, which are, however, opaque.

[0011] In addition, all films available to date in the state of the art have the problem that they are not sufficiently stable to be laid easily, quickly and, above all, without creases, especially on large surfaces, if necessary manually.

[0012] There is therefore still a need for construction films that can be used specifically as protective films, especially for the temporary protection of building materials or constructions, especially those based on wood, and that also have a high level of inherent stability and sufficient rigidity, which positively influence both the proper installation of the film and its protective properties.

[0013] It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the problems and disadvantages associated with the prior art described above, or at least to mitigate them.

[0014] In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composite construction film which has good weathering properties, ie high water resistance and, at the same time, high water vapor permeability, and also increased mechanical resistance, inherent stability and rigidity.

[0015] The subject matter of the present invention according to a first aspect of the present invention is therefore a construction composite film according to claim 1; further advantageous embodiments of this aspect of the invention are the subject matter of the relevant subclaims.

[0016] A further subject matter of the present invention according to a second aspect of the present invention is the use of a construction composite film according to claim 18.

[0017] It goes without saying that special configurations, in particular special embodiments or the like, mentioned below, which are only described in connection with one aspect of the invention, also apply to other aspects of the invention without this requiring express mention.

[0018] Furthermore, it should be noted that with all relative or percentage quantities, particularly those based on weight, mentioned below, these must be selected by the person skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention in such a way that the sum of the ingredients, additives, auxiliaries, or the like always results in 100% or 100% by weight. However, this is self-evident to the person skilled in the art. Furthermore, all parameter specifications or the like mentioned below can generally be determined or ascertained using standardized or explicitly specified determination methods or methods familiar to the person skilled in the art.

[0019] Having said this, the subject matter of the present invention will be explained in more detail below.

[0020] The subject matter of the present invention - according to a first aspect of the present invention - is a multi-layer construction composite film, in particular for the preferably temporary protection of building structures and / or construction components, preferably wooden structures and / or wooden components, against mechanical and / or weather-related damaging influences, comprising at least one nonwoven layer, wherein the nonwoven layer comprises a polyolefin and / or a polyester, at least one membrane layer, wherein the membrane layer comprises a polyurethane and / or a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer, and at least one adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive, wherein the composite film comprises at least one further layer, wherein the further layer comprises an open-mesh nonwoven fabric.

[0021] As the applicant has surprisingly discovered, the composite construction film according to the invention, particularly based on the additional layer comprising a nonwoven fabric, is characterized by particularly high structural integrity and advantageous rigidity and inherent stability, which significantly simplify both installation and application of the film to a building material or construction. In particular, the formation of wrinkles can be avoided during installation, especially over large areas, since the composite film according to the invention is sufficiently stable to be able to bear its own weight, particularly at least in certain areas, thus also exhibiting a flatness that can be considered advantageous.

[0022] The composite film according to the invention is particularly suitable for large-area applications and formats and can therefore be supplied, for example, in the form of comparatively wide and long strips. The fact that the composite film can be supplied and installed in large formats also results in considerable time savings for the user of the protective film, as work can be carried out quickly and with fewer small pieces. This is particularly positively influenced by the relatively high inherent stability and rigidity as well as the good flatness of the film.

[0023] Likewise, the composite film according to the invention is also sufficiently flexible so that even irregularly shaped components can be efficiently covered with the film and the film can also be used easily and reliably in the area of ​​corners and edges.

[0024] In this context, the film's comparatively high rigidity and high intrinsic structural integrity are particularly advantageous for laying or applying it to irregularly shaped components. The composite film is stable enough to support its own weight, allowing the user to apply and process the film in a controlled manner, thus preventing the formation of wrinkles or unwanted adhesions.

[0025] The composite film according to the invention thus enables reliable and efficient protection of building structures and structural components, in particular against weather influences and mechanical impairments, for example, in connection with transport and / or storage as well as installation of the components. In this respect, the composite film according to the invention can also be understood as a protective film that protects building structures or building materials, particularly during the construction period, from direct weathering as well as, for example, impact, friction, scratching, or pressure, so that the building material remains in the best possible structural and decorative condition until the building is completed. Furthermore, the high diffusion capacity of the composite film positively promotes the drying out of any still-moist wooden components.

[0026] This is due in particular to the high level of water resistance achieved through the choice of materials and the layer structure of the composite film, particularly against driving rain and similar direct water exposure, as well as its water vapor permeability and diffusion openness. Furthermore, the composite film is robust and resistant on the outside, making it ideal for use in unprotected, exposed areas. At the same time, the composite film according to the invention is also designed to be weight-optimized, which is particularly noteworthy in connection with the user-friendliness of the composite film. Because the composite film is preferably also designed to be transparent, the objects covered with the composite film remain fully visible, allowing their condition and integrity to be ideally observed and tracked, particularly during the construction period. Markings for the later positioning of additional components, such as walls, etc., are also possible., or penetrations remain clearly visible thanks to the transparent design. To further facilitate the processing of building materials, structural components, or even building structures, additional printing on the composite film has proven advantageous.

[0027] Overall, the present invention thus provides an ideally tailored composite film for use as, in particular, temporary, protection of building structures or construction components, in particular wooden structures or wooden components, against mechanical and / or weather-related damaging influences, in particular impact, shock, friction, and / or scratching and / or driving rain, increased air humidity, and waterlogging. The composite film according to the invention is particularly suitable for protecting structures or components from storage through transport and installation or assembly to the completion of the construction period, so that the composite film according to the invention can also be considered, in particular, as a construction-period protection film.

[0028] According to the invention, the composite film comprises at least one nonwoven layer. As far as this is concerned, the nonwoven layer can, in principle, be designed in a variety of ways. Within the scope of the present invention, it has proven advantageous for the composite film to have one or more, in particular several, preferably two, nonwoven layers.

[0029] In this context, it has proven advantageous if the nonwoven layer is designed as a carrier layer, in particular as a preferably outer and / or inner protective layer, preferably for the membrane layer and / or the further layer comprising a nonwoven fabric.

[0030] A carrier layer refers to a nonwoven layer designed in such a way that the remaining layers of the composite film can be applied to it. Depending on the application of the resulting composite film, it thus forms a type of base or cover layer, or a sub-fleece or a nonwoven top layer. As a cover layer or nonwoven top layer, the nonwoven layer is also understood as the outer or exterior or outward-facing layer, and in particular also as the side of the composite film. It thus serves as a barrier or shield against external influences, on the one hand, for the other layers and, on the other hand, for objects covered with the composite film, e.g., building structures and / or structural components, particularly made of wood.

[0031] In the form of a base layer or a sub-fleece, the nonwoven layer is arranged in the composite film in such a way that further layers build up on the nonwoven layer, whereby the nonwoven base layer or the sub-fleece can be arranged both on the outside and on the inside. A nonwoven layer designed as a base layer or sub-fleece can therefore be a carrier layer which closes off the underside of the composite film, or a carrier layer on which further layers are arranged on both sides of the nonwoven layer. In both cases, the nonwoven layer serves as the base or basis for the further construction of the layers of the composite film according to the invention. For the nonwoven layer designed as a base layer or sub-fleece, it is preferably provided that the nonwoven layer is arranged on the inside of the composite film. In this case, for example.The membrane layer and / or the further layer comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric is arranged on one side of the nonwoven layer, and the adhesive layer is applied to the side of the nonwoven layer facing away from this. This configuration has the advantage of enabling a time-efficient construction of the composite film according to the invention.

[0032] The nonwoven layer of composite films according to the invention therefore advantageously ensures that both the building material on which the composite film is laid and the other layers of the composite film are protected from external influences such as direct weathering or mechanical stress, for which purpose the nonwoven layer can be arranged in the composite film in different configurations, for example as an external cover or nonwoven top layer and as an internal base layer or under-fleece.

[0033] Within the scope of the preferred embodiment, according to which the composite film according to the invention comprises several, in particular two, nonwoven layers, this protective effect is further enhanced. It has proven particularly useful if at least one of the several or, in particular, two nonwoven layers is designed as a carrier layer and / or inner protective layer, i.e., as a base layer or under-nonwoven. Likewise, it is preferred if at least one of the several or, in particular, two nonwoven layers is designed as a carrier layer and / or outer protective layer, i.e., as a cover or nonwoven top layer.

[0034] Experience has shown that a variety of materials familiar to those skilled in the art can be used for the nonwoven layer of composite films. According to the invention, the nonwoven layer comprises a polyolefin and / or a polyester. It can also preferably be made of the polyolefin and / or polyester.

[0035] It has proven advantageous if the polyolefin of the nonwoven layer is selected from the group of polyolefin homopolymers, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, preferably polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin copolymers, in particular ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, butylene copolymers, preferably ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0036] Likewise, it has proven useful in the context of the present invention if the polyester is selected from the group of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends, preferably polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends.

[0037] In this context, a copolymer is understood to mean a polymer that has been produced from at least two different types of monomers, whereby the mass fraction of the monomer, which is decisive for the name of the copolymer, is at least 50%.

[0038] Finally, it is particularly preferred if the nonwoven layer comprises polypropylene, in particular consists of polypropylene.

[0039] It is also particularly preferred if the nonwoven layer comprises polyethylene terephthalate, in particular consists of polyethylene terephthalate. The aforementioned polyolefins and polyesters advantageously allow for cost-effective production of the nonwoven layer, which can equally be applied to the composite film according to the invention. Furthermore, the polymers mentioned are characterized by an advantageous property profile with regard to the effects intended to be achieved with the composite film according to the invention, particularly with regard to durability and resistance.

[0040] In addition to the material selection for the nonwoven layer, the basis weight of the nonwoven layer can also have an advantageous effect on the properties of composite films according to the invention. Within the scope of the present invention, it has proven advantageous for the nonwoven layer to have a basis weight in the range of 70 g / m 2 or less, in particular 55 g / m 2or less, preferably 50 g / m 2 or less, preferably 45 g / m 2 or less. According to the invention, comparatively thin or light nonwoven layers are therefore preferred. This has a correspondingly advantageous effect on the total weight of the composite film according to the invention, while still ensuring that sufficiently stable and durable composite films are obtained.

[0041] Within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the composite film according to the invention, which provides several, in particular two, nonwoven layers, it has also proven advantageous if the nonwoven layers are of different thicknesses or weights, i.e. have different basis weights, depending on their design as a cover or nonwoven upper layer or as a base layer or under-fleece, but in particular depending on their arrangement as an outer and / or inner nonwoven layer or protective layer. In this case, it has proven advantageous for nonwoven layers which in the application represent an outward-facing or final protective or nonwoven upper or cover layer, if this nonwoven layer has a, in particular slightly, higher basis weight than nonwoven base layers or under-fleece arranged on the inside. In a similar way, internally arranged orInner nonwoven layers preferably have a, particularly slightly, lower basis weight than externally arranged or outer nonwoven layers. It is advantageous, for example, if the difference between the basis weights of the internally arranged or inner nonwoven layer and the externally arranged or outer nonwoven layer is in a range of 2 to 40 g / m. 2 , especially 4 to 35 g / m 2 , preferably 5 to 30 g / m 2 , preferably 6 to 25 g / m 2 Surface weights in the range of 50 g / m 2 or less, in particular 45 g / m 2 or less, preferably 40 g / m 2 or less, preferably 35 g / m 2 or less. Particularly preferred is the basis weight for internally arranged or inner nonwoven layers in a range of 28 to 33 g / m 2 .

[0042] For externally arranged or outer nonwoven layers, on the other hand, a basis weight in the range of 70 g / m 2 or less, in particular 55 g / m 2 or less, preferably 50 g / m 2 or less, preferably 45 g / m 2 or less, has proven advantageous. The basis weight for externally arranged or outer nonwoven layers is particularly preferably in a range of 40 to 45 g / m 2 .

[0043] Good results are also achieved within the scope of the present invention if the nonwoven layer has a layer thickness in the range from 0.01 mm to 2.5 cm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1.5 cm, preferably 0.1 mm to 1 cm.

[0044] For the described particular embodiment of the present invention, ie in the case where the composite film according to the invention has several, in particular two, nonwoven layers, it is therefore particularly preferred if the composite film has an asymmetric layer structure, based on the several or in particular two nonwoven layers, and in particular their basis weight.

[0045] Advantageously, by providing outer nonwoven layers with a higher basis weight and correspondingly greater thickness, particularly effective protection against direct weathering and external mechanical influences can be achieved, so that, for example, a component covered with the composite construction film according to the invention can be effectively protected from damaging external influences. Likewise, internally arranged nonwoven layers, despite their comparatively thin or lightweight design, allow efficient protection, in particular of the membrane layer or the composite film as a whole, against damage caused by smaller material particles, e.g., wood splinters, which could penetrate the film and thus impair its functionality. As far as the further design of the nonwoven layer is concerned, this can be varied in many ways.In the context of the present invention, it has proven advantageous if the nonwoven layer is colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent.

[0046] Within the scope of the present invention, it has also proven advantageous if the nonwoven layer is designed as a spunbonded nonwoven and / or needle-punched nonwoven. It is even more preferred if the nonwoven layer is designed as a mechanically, chemically, and / or thermally, preferably thermally, bonded nonwoven layer. Preferably, the nonwoven layer is designed as a thermobonded or needle-bonded or wet-jet bonded nonwoven layer. In this way, a high level of resistance of the nonwoven layer can be achieved, particularly with respect to mechanical stress. A bonded or compacted structure, particularly a fiber structure, also enables the nonwoven layer to provide a certain barrier effect against the penetration of, for example, harmful UV radiation.

[0047] Furthermore, it is preferred if the nonwoven layer is designed to be slip-resistant. This is particularly advantageous for versions of the composite film according to the invention that comprise multiple nonwoven layers, with one of the nonwoven layers being designed as an outer carrier or protective layer and / or as a cover nonwoven, since this allows for safer walking on areas covered with the composite film according to the invention.

[0048] As far as the membrane layer of composite films according to the invention is concerned, this can be designed in a variety of ways. Within the scope of the present invention, it has proven advantageous for the composite film to have one or more, in particular one or more single- or multi-layer, preferably a single-layer, membrane layers.

[0049] If the membrane layer has a plurality of, i.e. at least two, layers of membrane layers, it can be provided that the membrane layer layers are designed differently or at least substantially identically. Differently designed layers can arise, for example, with regard to the selection of the polyurethane or copolyester elastomer or also the basis weight. In addition to a two-layer structure, a three- or even four-layer membrane structure is also conceivable, depending on the application or conditions. In particular, with a three-layer structure of the membrane layer, it can be provided that the outer membrane layers, which enclose a central membrane layer, are designed at least substantially identically, in particular with a design that is preferably resistant to aging and weathering.

[0050] In this context, an identical design means that the membrane layers have the same surface properties and / or the same material and / or the same material composition. Finally, the identical membrane layers can also be functionally identical. For example, the basis weights of the identically designed membrane layers can differ by less than 5 g / m 2 differ from each other.

[0051] With regard to the structure of the composite film according to the invention, it has further proven advantageous within the scope of the present invention if the membrane layer is designed as a functional layer, in particular arranged internally within the composite film. An internal arrangement within the composite film is understood to mean an arrangement of the membrane layer such that it is surrounded or enclosed by further layers of the composite film and is thus arranged within the composite film.

[0052] As far as the material of the membrane layer is concerned, the invention provides that the membrane layer comprises or consists of a polyurethane and / or a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer.

[0053] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the membrane layer comprises or consists of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and / or a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer. It is particularly preferred within the scope of the present invention if the membrane layer comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or consists of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

[0054] Particularly good results are obtained in this context when the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is selected from the group of aliphatic and aromatic polyurethanes of the ether type, the polyester type, and the carbonate type, in particular from aromatic polyurethanes of the ether type, the polyester type, and the carbonate type. Within the scope of a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can also be provided that the membrane layer consists of the polyurethane, in particular thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0055] In the context of the present invention, a thermoplastic polyurethane is understood to mean a thermoplastic elastomer which is formed from polyurethane.

[0056] In the context of the present invention, a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer is understood to mean a thermoplastic elastomer based on polyester copolymers.

[0057] Thermoplastic elastomers are plastics that exhibit elastomeric behavior at room temperature but thermoplastic behavior when heated. A particular advantage of thermoplastic elastomers is that, unlike pure elastomers, they can be reversibly reshaped at any time by applying heat. Thermoplastic polyurethanes are polyurethanes that have a hard segment and a soft segment. The soft segment is usually formed by an oligomeric or polymeric polyol, and the hard segment is made of a diisocyanate containing short-chain diols as chain extenders.

[0058] For the purposes of the present invention, an ether-type thermoplastic polyurethane, or an ether-TPU, is understood to mean a thermoplastic polyurethane whose soft segment is composed of polyethers. Thermoplastic ether polyurethanes are classified depending on the number of carbon atoms in the chain between the ether functionalities of the alkylene radical, with C2 ether polyurethanes, C3 ether polyurethanes, and C4 ether polyurethanes being the most common.

[0059] For the purposes of the present invention, a thermoplastic polyurethane of the polyester type or a polyester-TPU is understood to mean a thermoplastic polyurethane whose soft segment is formed from polyester polyols, in particular polyester diols. For the purposes of the present invention, a thermoplastic polyurethane of the ether-ester type or an ether-ester-TPU is a polyurethane whose soft segment is formed from polyethers or oligoethers and polyesters. For the purposes of the present invention, a thermoplastic polyurethane of the carbonate type or a carbonate-TPU is formed from a polyol, in particular a diol, which has a structural element of a carbonic acid diester.

[0060] Regarding the different properties of the various TPUs, aromatic ester TPUs and aromatic ether-ester TPUs exhibit relative hydrolysis sensitivity and only moderate weathering properties. However, they possess inherent flame-retardant properties and good mechanical properties, such as low tear strength and high abrasion resistance.

[0061] Aromatic carbonate TPUs possess excellent inherent flame retardancy and very good weathering stability, as well as high hydrolysis and heat storage resistance. However, aromatic carbonate TPUs are costly to produce, which is why they have so far only been used in a few specialized applications.

[0062] In view of the numerous types of different TPUs and the various physical and chemical properties described therein, it has also proven advantageous within the scope of the present invention if the aforementioned different TPUs are combined with one another in the membrane layer.

[0063] With regard to the thermoplastic copolyester elastomer, this preferably comprises block copolymers, in particular with blocks of polyesters and polyethers. These are therefore preferably thermoplastic ether ester block copolymers (TPC or TPEE).

[0064] TPC or TPEE layers possess good or high tear resistance, while simultaneously offering high strength and rigidity, ensuring resistance to liquids. A monolithic TPC or TPEE membrane is also easily extrudable and suitable for thin membranes. A membrane layer containing TPC or TPEE is particularly suitable for a multi-layer coextruded web and makes sense from a technical perspective. Furthermore, with regard to the further design of the membrane layer, it has proven advantageous for the membrane layer to have a basis weight in the range of 40 g / m 2 or less, in particular 35 g / m 2 or less, preferably 30 g / m 2 or less, preferably 28 g / m 2 or less.

[0065] It has also proven advantageous if the membrane layer has a layer thickness in the range of 0.01 mm to 2.5 cm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1.5 cm, preferably 0.1 mm to 1 cm.

[0066] For composite films according to the invention, particularly thin or light membrane layers can be used for an overall weight-optimized composite film, whereby it is advantageously ensured that even for these thin or light membrane layers, they reliably retain their functionality.

[0067] Furthermore, according to the invention, it is preferably provided that the membrane layer is monolithic. A monolithic membrane layer is understood, in particular, to be a pore-free membrane layer. Monolithic membrane layers can ensure particularly good protection against driving rain while simultaneously being permeable to diffusion. Unlike conventional microporous membrane layers, moisture transport can occur actively through diffusion along the molecular chains of the materials from which the membrane layer is formed.

[0068] With regard to the water vapor permeability of the membrane layer, it has proven advantageous if the membrane layer has an Sd value according to DIN EN ISO 12572 of less than 0.75 m, in particular less than 0.5 m, preferably less than 0.3 m, and more preferably less than 0.2 m. Likewise, the membrane layer preferably has an Sd value of 0.008 m to 0.5 m, preferably 0.009 m to 0.2 m, and more preferably 0.01 m to 0.1 m.

[0069] The Sd value indicates the water vapor diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness and is a building physics measure of the water vapor diffusion resistance of a component or component layer. The Sd value can be used to assess the vapor permeability of a building material. The water vapor diffusion resistance is clearly described by the thickness of an air layer necessary for the air layer to be permeated by the same diffusion flow as the component in question in a steady state under the same conditions. The flat membrane is designed to be permeable to diffusion, with the permeability being characterized by an Sd value of less than or equal to 0.5 m.

[0070] The rainproofing and / or water vapor permeability of the composite film according to the invention can be ensured specifically by the permeable and simultaneously waterproof design of the membrane layer. In this way, for example, moisture present in the building material or a building structure can effectively diffuse outward through the composite film according to the invention, while simultaneously providing reliable protection of the building material or structure against the penetration of liquid water.

[0071] Furthermore, it has proven useful in the context of the present invention if the membrane layer is colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent.

[0072] With regard to the layer comprising the nonwoven fabric in composite films according to the invention, it has proven advantageous for the composite film to have one or more, in particular one or two, preferably one, layers comprising a nonwoven fabric. Preferably, the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric can also be made of the nonwoven fabric. In this case, a layer consisting of a nonwoven fabric is to be assumed.

[0073] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is designed as a reinforcing layer, in particular arranged internally in the composite film. It is therefore preferred according to the invention if the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is enclosed by further layers of the composite film, in particular, for example, by a nonwoven layer and / or membrane layer. By preferably arranging the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric on the inside and forming it as a reinforcing layer, the layer can ideally contribute to the stabilization and intrinsic rigidity of the composite film according to the invention. Due to the low extensibility of the nonwoven fabric, the composite film also has high dimensional stability. This further promotes crease-free installation.However, the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is always designed in such a way that a sufficiently high degree of flexibility and mobility or bendability of the composite film is ensured.

[0074] As far as the composition of the nonwoven fabric of the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is concerned, the skilled person can choose from a wide variety of possible materials. Within the scope of the present invention, it has proven advantageous for the nonwoven fabric to comprise a polyolefin and / or a polyester, in particular to consist of a polyolefin and / or a polyester.

[0075] It has proven particularly advantageous if the polyolefin of the nonwoven fabric is selected from the group of polyolefin homopolymers, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, preferably polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin copolymers, in particular ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, butylene copolymers, preferably ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the composite film according to the invention, the polyolefin comprises or preferably consists of polyethylene.

[0077] Likewise, it has proven useful in the context of the present invention if the polyester is selected from the group of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends, preferably polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends.

[0078] According to a preferred embodiment of the composite film according to the invention, the polyester comprises or preferably consists of polyethylene terephthalate.

[0079] Furthermore, with regard to the properties of the nonwoven fabric, it has proven to be beneficial if the nonwoven fabric has a basis weight in the range of 40 g / m 2 or less, in particular 35 g / m 2 or less, preferably 30 g / m 2or less, preferably 27 g / m 2 or less. Within the scope of the present invention, a preferably thin or lightweight fabric is used. This allows an ideal balance to be achieved between reinforcement and stabilization of the film while simultaneously maintaining sufficient flexibility.

[0080] According to the invention, an open-mesh nonwoven fabric is used in the composite film. In this regard, it has also proven advantageous if the nonwoven fabric comprises, and in particular consists of, cross-laminated nonwoven strands.

[0081] Open-mesh materials or fabrics are characterized by an open mesh pattern. Traditional mesh materials consist of intersecting threads or filaments that are woven or knitted together without the filaments being connected at their intersection points. In contrast, open-mesh nonwoven fabrics, as used in the present invention, comprise adjacent layers of slit and biaxially stretched webs that are joined together by thermal bonding or thermal fusing rather than by weaving or knitting. Furthermore, cross-lamination is understood to be a manufacturing method for nonwoven fabrics, among other things, in which a multi-layer, open-mesh fabric is produced by cohesive, thermal joining, wherein at least one of the multiple layers is arranged at a right angle to the other layers with respect to the fiber direction or the direction of greatest tension.In the context of the present invention, the nonwoven fabric preferably has two open-mesh layers that are or are cross-laminated.

[0082] Nonwoven fabrics produced or formed in this way are characterized by high dimensional stability and exhibit high tensile and tear strengths in the longitudinal and transverse directions. These properties contribute to the stabilizing and strengthening effect of the nonwoven fabric and are advantageously fully reflected in the composite film according to the invention, so that the latter overall exhibits high inherent and dimensional stability and intrinsic strength while simultaneously optimizing its weight. These advantageous properties particularly facilitate the installation of the composite film according to the invention or its application to building materials or structures to be protected. In particular, wrinkles can be reliably avoided during installation due to insufficient film stability, thus significantly increasing user comfort.According to the invention, it is preferably provided that the specific tear strength of the nonwoven fabric is at least 90 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 120 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction, preferably 110 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 140 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction, preferably at least 140 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 150 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction, particularly preferably at least 200 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 170 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction. The specific tear strength is measured according to EN 12311-1.

[0083] The machine direction refers to the direction in which the fabric was transported in or through the machine during its production, i.e., usually the longitudinal direction of a fabric web. The transverse direction, in which the fabric stretches across its surface, refers to the direction perpendicular to the machine direction, i.e., usually the direction across the width of a fabric web.

[0084] By selecting nonwoven fabrics with, in particular, cross-laminated nonwoven strands, a flat, open-mesh fabric can also be obtained, preventing, for example, material buildup at nodes or intersections. This has the advantage of avoiding the formation of pressure marks due to unevenness in the film material. In this aspect, the open-mesh nonwoven fabric used according to the invention, in particular comprising cross-laminated nonwoven strands, differs significantly from the mesh fabrics conventionally used for reinforcement. Mesh fabrics tend to build up material at the nodes, resulting in elevations that can cause the formation of pressure marks or increased mechanical abrasion in the material covered with a corresponding film, particularly in the case of wood materials.In the context of the present invention, this is deliberately avoided, which is particularly advantageous for the use of composite films according to the invention for the protection of walkable surfaces.

[0085] It can also be provided that the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is formed in one or more layers, preferably in one layer, based on the nonwoven fabric as a whole. If the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric comprises several, i.e., at least two, layers of nonwoven fabrics, it can be provided that the nonwoven fabric layers are formed differently or at least substantially identically. Differently formed layers can arise, for example, with regard to the selection of the nonwoven fabric or the basis weight.

[0086] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous within the scope of the present invention for the nonwoven fabric to be colorless, particularly translucent, preferably transparent. This advantageously ensures that the nonwoven fabric is ultimately invisible in the composite film according to the invention, so that a component covered with the composite film or a building structure covered with the composite film can be inspected without restriction and without distortion. In this way, for example, the occurrence of defects can be detected early, and the visual integrity of the building materials can be easily checked and determined.

[0087] For particularly breathable or diffusion-open yet stable composite films, it may also be advisable to use open-mesh nonwoven fabrics which have a proportion of open areas in the nonwoven fabric of up to 60%, in particular up to 65%, preferably up to 70%.

[0088] The open-mesh cross-laminated nonwoven fabric CLAF® from ANCI Inc. has proven to be particularly suitable for the present invention.

[0089] The described properties of the aforementioned layers, ie the nonwoven layer, membrane layer and / or the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric, can be further optimized for the intended application and functionality of the composite film according to the invention by the addition of additives.

[0090] The addition of additives advantageously allows for the influencing, or in particular, optimization, of the material properties of the fibers or components used in the aforementioned layers within the scope of the present invention. In this sense, the targeted and directed use of additives can positively influence the composite films according to the invention.

[0091] Suitable additives can be selected from a wide variety of substances and can serve, for example, for coloring, thermal stabilization, flame retardancy, hydrophilization or hydrophobization, or UV stabilization of the thermoplastic material or the fiber as a whole. It is generally intended that the additives are distributed regularly or evenly throughout the respective layer. Within the scope of the present invention, particularly good results are obtained if the additive is a primary or secondary antioxidant, a UV absorber, a UV stabilizer, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a lubricant, a metal deactivator, a hydrophilization agent, a hydrophobization agent, an antifogging additive, and / or a biocide. The following classes of substances and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred:

[0092] - Sterically hindered phenols, aromatic secondary or tertiary amines, aminophenols, aromatic nitro or nitroso compounds as primary antioxidants.

[0093] - Organic phosphites or phosphonates, thioethers, thioalcohols, thioesters, sulfides and sulfur-containing organic acids, dithiocarbamates, thiodipropionates, aminopyrazoles, metal-containing chelates, mercaptobenzimidazoles as secondary antioxidants.

[0094] - Hydroxybenzophenones, cinnamates, oxalanilides, salicylates, 1,3 benzenediol monobenzoates, benzotriazoles, triazines, benzophenones and UV-absorbing pigments such as titanium dioxide or carbon black as UV absorbers.

[0095] - Metal-containing complexes of organic sulfur or phosphorus compounds, sterically hindered amines (HALS) as UV stabilizers.

[0096] - Metal hydroxides, borates, organic bromine- or chlorine-containing compounds, organic phosphorus compounds, antimony oxide, melamine, melamine cyanurate, expandable graphite or other intumescent systems as flame retardants.

[0097] - Quaternary ammonium salts, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl phosphates, dithiocarbamates, (alkali earth) metal carboxylates, polyethylene glycols and their esters and ethers, fatty acid esters, ethoxylates, mono- and diglycerides, ethanolamines as antistatic agents.

[0098] - Fatty alcohols, esters of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, dicarboxylic acid esters, fatty acid amides, metal salts of fatty acids, polyolefin waxes, natural or artificial paraffins and their derivatives, fluoropolymers and fluorooligomers, antiblocking agents such as silicas, silicones, silicates, calcium carbonate, etc. as lubricants. - Amides of mono- and dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives, cyclic amides, hydrazones and bishydrazones, hydrazides, hydrazines, melamine and its derivatives, benzotriazoles, aminotriazoles, sterically hindered phenols in combination with complexing metal compounds, benzylphosphonates, pyridithioles, thiobisphenol esters as metal deactivators.

[0099] - Polyglycols, ethoxylates, fluoropolymers and fluorooligomers, montan waxes, in particular stearates, as hydrophilizing, hydrophobizing or anti-fogging agents.

[0100] - 10,10'-oxybisphenoxarsine (OBPA), N-(trihalomethylthiol)phthalimide, tributyltin oxide, zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, diphenylantimony 2-ethylhexanoate, copper 8-hydroxyquinoline, isothiazolones, silver and silver salts as biocides.

[0101] As far as the adhesive layer of composite films according to the invention is concerned, it has proven useful within the scope of the present invention if the composite film has one or more, in particular one or two, preferably one, adhesive layers.

[0102] With regard to the arrangement of the adhesive layer, it is also preferably provided that the adhesive layer is arranged on the outside of the composite film. In composite films according to the invention, one or more nonwoven layers are preferably designed as a cover or nonwoven top layer and / or base layer or under-fleece. According to the invention, it has proven useful if the adhesive layer is applied to at least one or more, in particular one, of these nonwoven layers, in particular to the nonwoven layer designed as a base layer or under-fleece. In this respect, the nonwoven layer provided with an adhesive layer and designed as a base layer or under-fleece can then also be regarded as an internal or inner carrier or protective layer.

[0103] Likewise, according to the invention, it can preferably be provided that the adhesive layer is arranged on the side of the nonwoven layer facing away from the membrane layer and / or the layer comprising the nonwoven fabric, in particular on the nonwoven layer designed as a base layer or under-nonwoven.

[0104] According to the invention, it is therefore preferably provided that the composite film is designed as a self-adhesive composite film. The composite film is preferably designed to be self-adhesive on one side, in particular with the adhesive surface being arranged on the underside, i.e. on the nonwoven layer designed as a base layer or underfleece. The top side of the composite film is therefore preferably formed by the nonwoven designed as a cover or nonwoven upper layer. More preferably, the at least one membrane layer and the at least one layer comprising a nonwoven fabric are arranged between the nonwoven layers designed as cover or nonwoven upper layer and / or base layer or underfleece. Accordingly, the composite film according to the invention comprises a structure of at least five layers in the context of the described preferred embodiment.

[0105] With regard to the composition of the adhesive layer, the skilled person can choose from a wide variety of possible adhesives. Within the scope of the present invention, it has proven advantageous for the adhesive layer to comprise, preferably consist of, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, particularly a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0106] In this context, it is further preferred if the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises an acrylate, in particular is an acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive, preferably a UV-curable acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0107] In the context of the present invention, good adhesive properties are also achieved when the adhesive layer is comparatively thick or heavy. In particular, it has proven effective if the adhesive layer has a basis weight in the range of 100 g / m 2 or less, in particular 90 g / m 2 or less, preferably 80 g / m 2 or less, preferably 75 g / m 2 or less.

[0108] It has also proven advantageous if the adhesive layer is applied over the entire surface or part of the surface, preferably over the entire surface. This allows for an efficient and durable bond between the composite film according to the invention and the substrate to be protected, which is also well secured against slipping or unintentional detachment of the film, at least in certain areas.

[0109] Likewise, within the scope of the present invention, the adhesive layer can be continuous or discontinuous, preferably discontinuous. According to the invention, a continuous adhesive layer is understood to mean a continuous adhesive layer applied as a continuous film. Accordingly, a discontinuous adhesive layer refers to an adhesive layer applied with interruptions or as a non-continuous film.

[0110] For the preferred case where the adhesive layer is discontinuous, it has proven effective for the adhesive layer to be designed as a grid, lattice, dot pattern, stripe pattern, or checkerboard pattern. However, other comparable patterns are also conceivable. This allows for particularly efficient adhesive application, while still effectively ensuring that the composite film according to the invention achieves high adhesive performance.

[0111] According to the invention, it is preferred if the adhesive layer has a peel force in a range of 10 N or more, in particular 15 N or more, preferably 20 N or more, determined according to EN 4108-11. The peel force, also called adhesive strength or peel adhesion, is the bonding force between the adhesive surface and the substrate and indicates how much force must be applied to detach the adhesive surface from the substrate. Peel forces in the aforementioned range advantageously ensure that premature detachment of the composite films according to the invention is avoided and that the composite film according to the invention also remains firmly and securely attached to the substrate to be protected, e.g., to structural components or a building structure, for the duration of its use.

[0112] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous within the scope of the present invention for the adhesive layer to be water-resistant and permeable to diffusion. In this way, the adhesive layer supports the functionality of the composite film according to the invention, in particular the membrane layer, so that the diffusion of moisture, for example from wood construction materials, can occur unhindered through the composite film to the outside, while simultaneously ensuring the resistance of the composite film according to the invention to liquid water, for example from direct weathering.

[0113] The adhesive layer can advantageously be covered with a liner (especially a release liner). After removing the liner, the composite construction film can then be bonded.

[0114] As already stated, the various layers of composite films according to the invention are preferably colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent. In this sense, within the scope of a preferred embodiment of the composite film according to the invention, the construction composite film as a whole is colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent.

[0115] Within the scope of a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided that the nonwoven layer and / or the membrane layer and / or the further layer comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric are firmly connected, in particular glued.

[0116] Consequently, an adhesive layer or bonding agent layer can be provided between the at least one membrane layer and the at least one nonwoven layer, or between the at least one membrane layer and the at least one further layer comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric, or between the at least one nonwoven layer and the at least one further layer comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric. Bonding of the layers can occur during production, in particular during the extrusion lamination process. Preferably, a material bond between the layers to be joined can be achieved by means of the bonding agent layer or the adhesive layer.

[0117] The adhesive or adhesion promoter layer can be arranged, in particular, on the outside of the nonwoven layer and / or the membrane layer and / or the further layer. An adhesive or adhesion promoter layer is preferably provided between the membrane layer and the nonwoven layer and / or the membrane layer and the further layer, in particular over the entire surface, preferably for a firm and cohesive connection.

[0118] The adhesive or adhesion promoter layer may comprise a polymer, in particular an adhesion promoter polymer. The adhesion promoter polymer may preferably be a plastic and / or a synthetic resin, and preferably a polyurethane. The adhesion promoter layer is preferably firmly bonded to the membrane layer, the nonwoven layer, and / or the further layer.

[0119] Particularly good results are achieved in this context when the adhesive or adhesion promoter layer is formed by a reactive PU hot-melt adhesive. Typically, within the scope of the present invention, the adhesive or adhesion promoter layer has a basis weight of 2 to 20 g / m 2 , especially 4 to 15 g / m 2 , preferably 5 to 10 g / m 2 The adhesive or adhesion promoter layer can be applied to the membrane layer as well as to the nonwoven layer or the additional layer.

[0120] Furthermore, the adhesive or adhesion promoter layer can also be integrated into the nonwoven layer and / or the membrane layer and / or the further layer – specifically, such that the adhesion promoter polymer is enclosed and / or arranged in the surface area, particularly the outer surface area, of the aforementioned layers. Thus, the adhesion promoter layer can be formed as part or component of the membrane layer and / or the nonwoven layer and / or the further layer.

[0121] The adhesion promoter layer enables a strong bond between the membrane layer and the nonwoven layer or the additional layer. The adhesion promoter or the adhesion promoter polymer enables the nonwoven layer or the additional layer to be permanently bonded to the membrane layer.

[0122] The incorporation of functional materials, for example adhesion promoter polymers and / or flame retardants, also enables a cost-effective construction of the composite construction film according to the invention.

[0123] By using the adhesion promoter or adhesion promoter polymer and / or the adhesion promoter layer in the outer layer of the nonwoven layer, the use of hotmelts is eliminated (hotmelt-free bonding). Thus, the adhesion promoter and / or the adhesive alone can ensure sufficient bonding or adhesion to the membrane layer.

[0124] However, it may also be advisable to use hot melts in the adhesive or bonding layer, especially reactive hot melts. Using hot melts as bonding agents or adhesives can positively influence or even further increase the aging resistance, as well as the cold and snow resistance, of the composite construction film.

[0125] Preferably, the adhesion promoter or adhesive is also transparent or translucent. Within the scope of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can also be provided that the composite film is printed. The composite film can be printed, for example, with a grid, lattice, line pattern, dot pattern, measuring scales, or the like. Preferably, the nonwoven layer of the composite film, in particular designed as a cover or nonwoven top layer, is printed.

[0126] Composite films according to the invention can be produced, for example, by extrusion lamination processes or by thermal lamination. Furthermore, other comparable processes are known to those skilled in the art that can be used to produce composite films according to the invention.

[0127] As far as the structure of the composite film is concerned, in addition to the preferred embodiments of the composite film and arrangements of the layers therein already described, it can be provided within the scope of a preferred embodiment of the present invention that the composite film comprises at least five layers, in particular two nonwoven layers, at least one membrane layer, at least one layer comprising a nonwoven fabric and at least one adhesive layer, wherein the layers are arranged in such a way that at least one layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is arranged on one of the two nonwoven layers, followed by at least one membrane layer followed by the second nonwoven layer, and the adhesive layer is arranged on the side of the nonwoven layer facing away from the membrane layer.It can further preferably be provided that the nonwoven layer and / or the membrane layer and / or the further layer comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric are firmly connected, in particular glued.

[0128] Alternatively, it can also be provided that the layers are arranged in such a way that at least one membrane layer followed by at least one layer comprising a nonwoven fabric followed by the second nonwoven layer is arranged on one of the two nonwoven layers and the adhesive layer is arranged on the side of the nonwoven layer facing away from the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric.

[0129] In both cases of this preferred embodiment, the nonwoven layer, to which the membrane layer or the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric and the adhesive layer are arranged, is preferably designed as an inner carrier layer or in particular a protective layer. Correspondingly, the nonwoven layer, to which only the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric or the membrane layer is arranged, is preferably designed as an outer carrier layer or in particular a protective layer. As the outer carrier layer or in particular a protective layer, the nonwoven layer is preferably facing outwards in use, i.e. in the laid state, or represents the outer side of the film, which is then exposed to the weather, for example. Accordingly, the composite film according to the invention is preferably connected via the adhesive layer in the laid state to the building material or building structure to be protected, i.e. forms the inwards-facing side or also the inner side of the film.

[0130] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite film is a five-layer composite film comprising two nonwoven layers, in particular an outer or external nonwoven layer and an inner or internal nonwoven layer, a membrane layer, a layer comprising a nonwoven fabric and an adhesive layer.

[0131] Preferably, the membrane layer and the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric are arranged between the two nonwoven layers. Preferably, the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is arranged on the outer nonwoven layer, and the membrane layer is arranged between the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric and the inner nonwoven layer. The adhesive layer is preferably arranged on the side of the inner nonwoven layer facing away from the membrane layer.

[0132] A composite film with the advantageous configuration described above has an ideal property profile with regard to the intended use of the film, while at the same time having an optimized basis weight and an efficiently coordinated number of layers.

[0133] The figure representations show

[0134] Fig. 1 shows schematically a four-layer construction composite film according to the invention as a cross-sectional view;

[0135] Fig. 2 schematically shows a further four-layer composite construction film according to the invention as a cross-sectional view; Fig. 3A schematically shows a five-layer composite construction film according to the invention as a cross-sectional view;

[0136] Fig. 3B schematically shows a further five-layer construction composite film according to the invention as a cross-sectional view;

[0137] Fig. 4A shows schematically a six-layer construction composite film according to the invention as a cross-sectional view;

[0138] Fig. 4B schematically shows a further six-layer construction composite film according to the invention as a cross-sectional view;

[0139] Fig. 5 schematically shows a two-layer membrane layer;

[0140] Fig. 6 schematically shows a two-layer layer comprising a nonwoven fabric;

[0141] Fig. 7A schematically shows a five-layer construction composite film according to the invention with two layers comprising a nonwoven fabric as a cross-sectional view;

[0142] Fig. 7B schematically shows a further five-layer construction composite film according to the invention with two layers comprising a nonwoven fabric as a cross-sectional view;

[0143] Fig. 8 shows schematically a nonwoven fabric in plan view;

[0144] Fig. 9 shows schematically an application of a composite film according to the invention in a perspective view;

[0145] Fig. 10 schematically shows a further application of a composite film according to the invention in perspective view.

[0146] A further subject matter of the present invention - according to a second aspect of the present invention - is the use of a construction composite film according to the invention for the, in particular temporary, protection of building structures and / or construction components, in particular wooden structures and / or wooden components, against mechanical and / or weather-related damaging influences, in particular impact, shock, friction and / or scratching and / or driving rain, increased air humidity, waterlogging.

[0147] For further details on this aspect of the invention, reference can be made to the above statements regarding composite construction films according to the invention, which apply accordingly with regard to the use according to the invention. The subject matter of the present invention is further explained below in a non-limiting manner using preferred embodiments and the figures.

[0148] Fig. 1 shows a multi-layer construction composite film 5 according to the invention, in particular for the preferably temporary protection of building structures and / or construction components, preferably wooden structures and / or wooden components, against mechanical and / or weather-related damaging influences, for example during transport, storage or assembly of the components or over the construction period of a building on the basis of the building structure and / or the construction components, which comprises at least one nonwoven layer 1, wherein the nonwoven layer comprises a polyolefin, and at least one membrane layer 2, wherein the membrane layer comprises a polyurethane, at least one adhesive layer 4, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and at least one further layer 3, wherein the further layer 3 comprises an open-mesh nonwoven fabric.

[0149] As far as the nonwoven layer 1 is concerned, it has proven useful if the composite film 5 has one or more, in particular several, preferably two, nonwoven layers 1. The nonwoven layer 1 is preferably designed as a carrier layer, in particular as a preferably outer carrier or protective layer 1a and / or inner carrier or protective layer 1b, preferably for the membrane layer 2 and / or the further layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric. Further advantageously, at least one of the several or in particular two nonwoven layers 1a or 1b is designed as a carrier layer and / or inner protective layer, i.e. as a base layer or also underfleece. It is equally preferred if at least one of the several or in particular two nonwoven layers 1a or 1b is designed as a carrier layer and / or outer protective layer, i.e. as a cover or nonwoven top layer.

[0150] According to the invention, the nonwoven layer 1 comprises a polyolefin and / or a polyester. It can preferably be provided that the nonwoven layer 1 consists of the polyolefin and / or polyester. It has proven advantageous if the polyolefin of the nonwoven layer 1 is selected from the group of polyolefin homopolymers, in particular from polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, preferably polyethylene, polypropylene, from polyolefin copolymers, in particular from ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, butylene copolymers, preferably ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, and mixtures thereof. The nonwoven layer 1 preferably comprises polypropylene or consists in particular of polypropylene. For the polyester, it is preferred if the polyester is selected from the group of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and mixtures thereof.Blends, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends, preferably polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends.

[0151] Furthermore, it has proven to be effective if the nonwoven layer 1 has a basis weight in the range of 70 g / m 2 or less, in particular 55 g / m 2 or less, preferably 50 g / m 2 or less, preferably 45 g / m 2 or less. According to the invention, comparatively thin or light nonwoven layers are therefore preferred. Good results are also achieved within the scope of the present invention if the nonwoven layer 1 has a layer thickness in the range of 0.01 mm to 2.5 cm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1.5 cm, preferably 0.1 mm to 1 cm.

[0152] Furthermore, it is preferred according to the invention if the nonwoven layer 1 is colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent.

[0153] Within the scope of the present invention, it has also proven advantageous if the nonwoven layer 1 is formed as a spunbonded nonwoven and / or needle-punched nonwoven, and in particular as a mechanically, chemically, and / or thermally, preferably thermally, bonded nonwoven layer. Preferably, the nonwoven layer 1 is formed as a thermobonded or needle- or wet-jet bonded nonwoven layer.

[0154] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the fleece layer 1 is designed to be slip-resistant.

[0155] With regard to the membrane layer 2, it has proven advantageous according to the invention if the composite film 5 has one or more, in particular one or more single- or multi-layer, preferably a single-layer, membrane layers 2. If the membrane layer 2 has several, i.e. at least two, layers of membrane layers, as shown, for example, in Fig. 5, it can be provided that the membrane layers A and B are designed differently or at least are designed essentially identically. Differently designed layers A and B can arise, for example, with regard to the selection of the polyurethane or copolyester elastomer or also the basis weight.

[0156] With regard to the structure of the composite film 5 according to the invention, it has further proven advantageous within the scope of the present invention if the membrane layer 2 is designed as a functional layer, in particular arranged internally in the composite film 5. An exemplary internal arrangement in the composite film 5 is shown in Fig. 1.

[0157] As far as the material of the membrane layer 2 is concerned, it is provided that the membrane layer comprises or consists of a polyurethane and / or thermoplastic copolyester elastomer. It is preferably provided that the polyurethane of the membrane layer 2 is a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and / or a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer (TPC or TPEE), preferably a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is in particular selected from the group of aliphatic and aromatic polyurethanes of the ether type, the polyester type, and the carbonate type, in particular from aromatic polyurethanes of the ether type, the polyester type, and the carbonate type. Within the scope of a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can also be provided that the membrane layer 2 consists of the, in particular thermoplastic, polyurethane.With regard to the thermoplastic copolyester elastomer, this preferably comprises block copolymers, in particular with blocks of polyesters and polyethers.

[0158] Furthermore, it has proven to be effective if the membrane layer 2 has a basis weight in the range of 40 g / m 2 or less, in particular 35 g / m 2 or less, preferably 30 g / m 2 or less, preferably 28 g / m 2or less. It is also advantageous if the membrane layer 2 has a layer thickness in the range from 0.01 mm to 2.5 cm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1.5 cm, preferably 0.1 mm to 1 cm. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the membrane layer 2 is monolithic. As far as the water vapor permeability of the membrane layer 2 is concerned, it is advantageous if the membrane layer 2 has an Sd value according to DIN EN ISO 12572 of less than 0.75 m, in particular less than 0.5 m, preferably less than 0.3 m, more preferably less than 0.2 m. Likewise preferably, the membrane layer 2 has an Sd value of 0.008 m to 0.5 m, preferably from 0.009 m to 0.2 m, more preferably from 0.01 m to 0.1 m.

[0159] Finally, it is preferred according to the invention if the membrane layer 2 is colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent.

[0160] With regard to the layer 3 comprising the nonwoven fabric of the composite films 5 according to the invention, it has proven advantageous for the composite film 5 to have one or more, in particular one or two, preferably one, layers 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric. Preferably, it can also be provided that the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric consists of the nonwoven fabric.

[0161] It can also be provided that the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric is formed in one or more layers, preferably in one layer, based on the nonwoven fabric as a whole. If the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric has several, i.e., at least two, layers of nonwoven fabrics, as shown, for example, in Fig. 6, it can be provided that the nonwoven fabric layers C and D are formed differently or at least substantially identically. Differently formed layers C and D can arise, for example, with regard to the selection of the nonwoven fabric or the basis weight.

[0162] According to the preferred embodiment of the composite film 5 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1, the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric is designed as a reinforcing layer, in particular arranged internally in the composite film 5.

[0163] As far as the composition of the nonwoven fabric of the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric is concerned, it has proven useful if the nonwoven fabric comprises a polyolefin and / or polyester, in particular consists of a polyolefin and / or polyester. It is preferred if the polyolefin of the nonwoven fabric is selected from the group of polyolefin homopolymers, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, preferably polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin copolymers, in particular ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, butylene copolymers, preferably ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment of the composite film 5 according to the invention, the polyolefin comprises polyethylene or preferably consists thereof.With regard to the polyester, this is preferably selected from the group of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends, in particular polyethylene terephthalate.

[0164] Polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends, preferably polyethylene terephthalate,

[0165] Polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures or blends.

[0166] Furthermore, with regard to the properties of the nonwoven fabric, it has proven to be beneficial if the nonwoven fabric has a basis weight in the range of 40 g / m 2 or less, in particular 35 g / m 2 or less, preferably 30 g / m 2 or less, preferably 27 g / m 2 or less.

[0167] According to the invention, an open-mesh nonwoven fabric is used in the composite film, as also shown in Fig. 8. More preferably, the nonwoven fabric comprises cross-laminated nonwoven strands, in particular consists of these. The nonwoven fabric shown in Fig. 8, which is preferably used according to the invention, is characterized by an open mesh pattern, which is obtained by joining adjacent layers of slit and biaxially stretched webs to one another by thermal bonding or thermal fusing. For cross-lamination, the layers are joined by cohesive, thermal joining such that at least one of the plurality of layers is arranged at a right angle to the remaining layers with respect to the fiber direction or the direction of greatest tension.

[0168] Preferred nonwoven fabrics have a specific tensile strength in the range of at least 90 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 120 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction, preferably 110 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 140 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction, preferably at least 140 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 150 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction, particularly preferably at least 200 N / 5 cm in the machine direction and / or at least 170 N / 5 cm in the transverse direction. The specific tensile strength is measured according to EN 12311-1.

[0169] Furthermore, the nonwoven fabric is preferably colorless, especially translucent, preferably transparent. For particularly breathable or diffusion-permeable yet stable composite films, it may also be appropriate to use open-mesh nonwoven fabrics with an open area proportion of the nonwoven fabric of up to 60%, especially up to 65%, preferably up to 70%.

[0170] With regard to the adhesive layer 4 of composite films 5 according to the invention, it has proven advantageous if the composite film 5 has one or more, in particular one or two, preferably one, adhesive layers 4.

[0171] With regard to the arrangement of the adhesive layer 4, this is preferably arranged externally on the composite film 5, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of a composite film 5 according to the invention as shown in Fig. 1. It has proven particularly advantageous if the adhesive layer 4 is applied to at least one or more, in particular one, nonwoven layer 1. In this respect, the nonwoven layer 1 provided with an adhesive layer 4 can then also be regarded as an internal or inner carrier or protective layer.

[0172] The composite film 5 is preferably designed as a self-adhesive composite film. The composite film 5 is preferably self-adhesive on one side, in particular with the adhesive surface 4 arranged on the underside. The upper side of the composite film is preferably formed by the nonwoven 1 designed as a cover or nonwoven top layer.

[0173] With regard to the composition of the adhesive layer 4, it preferably comprises, and preferably consists of, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, in particular a pressure-sensitive adhesive. It is further preferred here if the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises an acrylate, in particular an acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive, preferably a UV-curable acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0174] In the context of the present invention, good adhesive properties are also achieved if the adhesive layer 4 is comparatively thick or heavy. In particular, it has proven advantageous if the adhesive layer 4 has a basis weight in the range of 100 g / m 2 or less, in particular 90 g / m 2 or less, preferably 80 g / m 2 or less, preferably 75 g / m 2 or less.

[0175] Likewise, it has proven advantageous if the adhesive layer 4 is formed over the entire surface or part of the surface, preferably over the entire surface. Likewise, within the scope of the present invention, it can be provided that the adhesive layer is formed continuously or discontinuously, preferably discontinuously. For the preferred case in which the adhesive layer 4 is formed discontinuously, it has proven advantageous if the adhesive layer 4 is formed as a grid, lattice, dot pattern, stripe pattern, or checkerboard pattern. However, other comparable patterns are also conceivable.

[0176] Advantageously, the adhesive layer 4 has a peel force in a range of 10 N or more, in particular 15 N or more, preferably 20 N or more, determined according to EN 4108-11.

[0177] In addition, it has proven to be beneficial if the adhesive layer 4 is waterproof and permeable to diffusion.

[0178] Advantageously, the adhesive layer 4 can also be covered with a liner (especially a release liner). After removing the liner, the composite construction film 5 can then be bonded.

[0179] Preferably, the composite film 5 is also colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent. Within the scope of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can also be provided that the composite film 5 is printed, as shown, for example, in Fig. 10. The composite film 5 can be printed with a grid, lattice, line pattern, dot pattern, measuring scales, or the like. Preferably, the nonwoven layer 1 of the composite film 5 is printed.

[0180] Within the scope of a preferred embodiment of the composite film 5, it can be provided that the nonwoven layer 1 and / or the membrane layer 2 and / or the further layer 3 comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric are firmly connected, in particular glued. Consequently, an adhesive layer or adhesion promoter layer can be provided between the membrane layer 2 and the nonwoven layer 1 or between the membrane layer 2 and the further layer 3 or between the nonwoven layer 1 and the further layer 3. The layers can be bonded during production, in particular during the extrusion lamination process. Preferably, a materially bond between the layers to be joined can be achieved by means of the adhesion promoter layer or the adhesive layer.

[0181] The adhesive or adhesion promoter layer can be arranged, in particular, on the outside of the nonwoven layer 1 and / or the membrane layer 2 and / or the further layer 3. Preferably, an adhesive layer or adhesion promoter layer is provided between the membrane layer 2 and the nonwoven layer 1 and / or the membrane layer 2 and the further layer 3, in particular over the entire surface, preferably for a firm and cohesive connection.

[0182] The adhesive or adhesion promoter layer can comprise a polymer, in particular an adhesion promoter polymer, which is preferably a plastic and / or a synthetic resin, and preferably comprises a polyurethane. The adhesion promoter layer is preferably firmly bonded to the membrane layer 2, the nonwoven layer 1, and / or the further layer 3. Particularly good results are achieved when the adhesive or adhesion promoter layer is formed by a reactive PU hot-melt adhesive.

[0183] It has also proven to be effective if the adhesive or adhesion promoter layer has a surface weight of 2 to 20 g / m 2 , especially 4 to 15 g / m 2 , preferably 5 to 10 g / m 2 , is applied. The adhesive or adhesion promoter layer can be applied to the membrane layer 2 as well as to the nonwoven layer 1 or the further layer 3.

[0184] Preferably, the adhesive or adhesion promoter layer is transparent or translucent.

[0185] Furthermore, the adhesive or adhesion promoter layer can also be integrated into the nonwoven layer 1 and / or the membrane layer 2 and / or the further layer 3 – specifically, such that the adhesion promoter polymer is enclosed and / or arranged in the surface area, particularly the outer surface area, of the aforementioned layers. Thus, the adhesion promoter layer can be formed as part or component of the membrane layer 2 and / or the nonwoven layer 1 and / or the further layer 3.

[0186] As far as the structure of the composite film 5 is concerned, this can be designed in four layers, as shown in Fig. 1, wherein the composite film 5 comprises a nonwoven layer 1, a membrane layer 2, a layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric and an adhesive layer 4. The nonwoven layer 1 is advantageously configured as an external carrier layer, the adhesive layer 4 forming the inside of the composite film 5. The membrane layer 2 and the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric are arranged inside the composite film 5, with the membrane layer 2 adjoining the nonwoven layer 1. The nonwoven layer 1 and / or the membrane layer 2 and / or the further layer 3 comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric are preferably firmly connected, in particular glued.

[0187] According to the alternative embodiment of the composite film according to the invention shown in Fig. 2, the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric can also be equally preferably adjacent to the nonwoven layer 1.

[0188] Fig. 3A also shows a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the composite film 5 according to the invention. The composite film 5 is designed in five layers and comprises two nonwoven layers 1a and 1b, a membrane layer 2, a layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric, and an adhesive layer 4. The layers are arranged such that the membrane layer 2 borders the nonwoven layer 1a, which is advantageously designed as an outer carrier or protective layer. The membrane layer 2 is followed by the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric, which in turn adjoins the nonwoven layer 1b, which is designed in particular as an inner carrier or protective layer. Finally, on the side of the nonwoven layer 1b facing away from the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric, the adhesive layer 4 is arranged, by means of which the composite film 5 can be bonded to the building material or structure to be protected.The nonwoven layer 1 and / or the membrane layer 2 and / or the further layer 3 comprising an open-mesh nonwoven fabric are preferably firmly connected to one another, in particular glued.

[0189] Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 3B, it can also be provided that the membrane layer 2 and the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric are arranged inverted, ie the layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric is arranged on the nonwoven layer 1a, which is advantageously designed as an outer carrier or protective layer, followed by the membrane layer 2, which in turn borders on the nonwoven layer 1b, which is designed in particular as an inner carrier or protective layer.

[0190] In both cases of this preferred embodiment, a robust and resistant composite film 5 is obtained, which is ideally suited for use as a protective film, in particular for protecting building materials or structures during construction. The composite film 5 has a high level of inherent stability and strength against mechanical stress compared to known protective films. The composite film 5 is also advantageously designed to be driving rain-tight and waterproof, as well as permeable to water vapor. Furthermore, it has a good flatness while at the same time being sufficiently flexible and pliable, so that the composite film 5 is ideally suited for covering both walkable surfaces and geometrically complex components. Due to its intrinsic stability, which is provided in particular by layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric, the composite film 5 is easy to handle and can thus be laid or installed efficiently and time-saving.applied to a building material or structure.

[0191] 4A and 4B show two further preferred embodiments of the composite film 5 according to the invention. The composite film 5 in each case has a six-layer structure. In contrast to the embodiment of the film according to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the composite film 5 according to FIGS. 4A and 4B has an additional nonwoven layer 1b, which is designed in particular as an additional inner or internal carrier or protective layer. The additional nonwoven layer 1b contributes to increasing the stability and robustness or resistance of the composite film 5. Accordingly, composite films 5 as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B are suitable for applications in which, in particular, a high mechanical load-bearing capacity of the composite film is required.

[0192] 7A and 7B. In addition, two further preferred embodiments of the composite film 5 according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. In contrast to the embodiment of the composite film 5 according to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the composite films comprise a six-layer structure, wherein a further layer 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric is provided. The composite films according to FIGS. 7A and 7B therefore have a layer 3a comprising a nonwoven fabric and a layer 3b comprising a nonwoven fabric. In this way, the intrinsic stability of the composite film 5 can be increased and a composite film with high inherent stability as well as dimensional stability can be obtained. The layers 3a and 3b comprising a nonwoven fabric can be arranged directly on top of one another, as in FIG. 7A. Alternatively, the layers 3a and 3b comprising a nonwoven fabric can also be arranged on one side of the membrane layer 2 or 3b, corresponding to the embodiment according to FIG. 7B.each be arranged on the nonwoven layers 1a and / or 1b. In this way, the membrane layer is additionally protected and supported, and a composite film 5 that is balanced in terms of stability and functionality and is particularly resilient and durable can be obtained.

[0193] In addition to the aforementioned preferred embodiments of the composite film 5 according to the invention, further embodiments of the composite film 5 are also conceivable, in particular those with seven layers or more, which can then comprise correspondingly further nonwoven layers 1, membrane layers 2, layers 3 comprising a nonwoven fabric or also adhesive layers 4 and are therefore also covered by the present invention.

[0194] As already explained, the various layers 1 to 4 of composite films 5 according to the invention are preferably colorless, in particular translucent, preferably transparent. In this sense, it is correspondingly preferred for the composite film according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 9, if the construction composite film 5 is colorless overall, in particular translucent, preferably transparent. Thus, for example, in the case shown in Fig. 9, in which the composite film 5 is applied to a wooden construction material 6, the surface quality of the wooden construction material 6 can still be recognized and, in particular, it can be visually verified whether or not the wooden component based on the applied composite film 5 remains intact and undamaged, in particular during transport, storage and assembly of the component as well as over the duration of the construction period until completion of the building in which the component 6 is used.

[0195] As shown in Fig. 10, it can also preferably be provided that the composite film 5 is printed. The composite film 5 can be printed, for example, with a grid, lattice, line pattern, dot pattern, measuring scales, or the like. Preferably, the nonwoven layer 1 of the composite film 5 is printed. In this way, the processing, e.g., cutting, of a component 6 covered with the composite film can be facilitated, while simultaneously ensuring the continuous protection of the component's surface.

[0196] List of reference symbols: Nonwoven layer 4 Adhesive layer Membrane layer 5 Composite film Nonwoven fabric layer 6 Wood construction material

Claims

Patent claims: Multi-layer composite construction film, in particular for the preferably temporary protection of building structures and / or construction components, preferably wooden structures and / or wooden components, against mechanical and / or weather-related damaging influences, comprising at least one nonwoven layer, wherein the nonwoven layer comprises a polyolefin and / or a polyester, at least one membrane layer, wherein the membrane layer comprises a polyurethane and / or a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer, and at least one adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive, characterized in that the composite film comprises at least one further layer, wherein the further layer comprises an open-mesh nonwoven fabric. Composite construction film according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite film has one or more, in particular several, preferably two, nonwoven layers.Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyolefin of the nonwoven layer is selected from the group of polyolefin homopolymers, in particular from polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, preferably polyethylene, polypropylene, from polyolefin copolymers, in particular from ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, butylene copolymers, preferably ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers, and mixtures thereof.Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyester is selected from the group of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures and / or blends, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures and / or blends, preferably polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene furanoate, their copolymers and their mixtures and / or blends. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven layer has a basis weight in a range of 70 g / m 2 or less, in particular 55 g / m 2 or less, preferably 50 g / m 2 or less, preferably 45 g / m 2or less. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite film has a, in particular a single- or multi-layer, preferably a single-layer, membrane layer. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane layer comprises or consists of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and / or a thermoplastic copolyester elastomer (TPC), preferably a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Construction composite film according to claim 7, characterized in that the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is selected from the group of aliphatic and aromatic polyurethanes of the ether type, the polyester type, and the carbonate type, in particular from aromatic polyurethanes of the ether type, the polyester type, and the carbonate type.Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane layer has a basis weight in a range of 40 g / m. 2 or less, in particular 35 g / m 2 or less, preferably 30 g / m 2 or less, preferably 28 g / m 2 or less. Composite construction film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite film has one or more, in particular one or two, preferably one, layers comprising a nonwoven fabric. Composite construction film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer comprising a nonwoven fabric is designed as a reinforcing layer, in particular arranged internally in the composite film.

12. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric comprises a polyolefin and / or a polyester, in particular consists of a polyolefin and / or a polyester.

13. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric has a basis weight in the range of 40 g / m 2 or less, in particular 35 g / m 2 or less, preferably 30 g / m 2 or less, preferably 27 g / m 2 or less.

14. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric comprises, in particular consists of, cross-laminated nonwoven strands.

15. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite film has one or more, in particular one or two, preferably one, adhesive layers.

16. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive layer is arranged on the outside of the composite film, in particular on the side of the nonwoven layer facing away from the membrane layer and / or the layer comprising the nonwoven fabric.

17. Construction composite film according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive layer comprises, preferably consists of, a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

18. Use of a construction composite film according to one of claims 1 to 17 for the, in particular temporary, protection of building structures and / or construction components, in particular wooden structures and / or wooden components, against mechanical and / or weather-related damaging influences, in particular impact, shock, friction and / or scratching and / or driving rain, increased air humidity, waterlogging.

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