Shaped block for floors

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaped block (1) for floors, comprising a main body having a top side (2), an underside (3) and at least one side surface (4), wherein at least one spacer element (5) for specifying a joint width is arranged on the at least one side surface (4), the at least one spacer element (5) comprising a first rib (6) and a second rib (7) which is spaced apart from the first rib (6), the first rib (6) and the second rib (7) both extending from the underside (3) toward the top side (2) of the shaped block (1). According to the invention, a draining device (16) can be formed by means of the spacer element (5) and another, identically designed spacer element (5) of an additional shaped block (20), the draining device (16) comprising a water discharge channel (17) which is delimited by the second rib (7), and the spacer element (5) comprises an additional discharge element (8) for discharging liquids into the water discharge channel (17).

Description

[0001] SHAPED STONE FOR FLOORS

[0002] The invention relates to a shaped block according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

[0003] Shaped blocks are used in construction, particularly for the production of floors or artificial walls.

[0004] It is known that shaped blocks have extensions that act as spacers and, when assembled, space two adjacent shaped blocks from each other by the distance of the cross-sectional area of ​​the extensions. The extensions protrude from the sides of the shaped blocks. Between the extensions of the shaped blocks there remains a free space, known as joints, into which jointing material is usually loosely filled and, if necessary, pressed in. Jointing sand is often used as jointing material because it is readily available, inexpensive, and easy to work with. There are also shaped blocks that have water drainage channels on their undersides that are difficult to manufacture. These channels ensure that water can drain away from the shaped blocks during heavy rainfall and more easily into the subsoil.

[0005] A disadvantage of shaped block floors made with the above-described shaped blocks, however, is that loose joint material can easily be removed from the joints by environmental influences such as wind and / or water. This not only causes the shaped block floor to become dirty due to the joint material, but also requires the joint material to be regularly refilled. Some state-of-the-art shaped blocks have insufficient water drainage in the joints, which can lead to water accumulating on the shaped block floor during heavy rainfall, increasing the risk of slipping. Furthermore, shaped blocks with complicated water channels are difficult to manufacture and install, as these create restrictions in different installation directions.

[0006] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a shaped block of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided, with which, when used in a shaped block floor, good water drainage is achieved with, at the same time, good retention of the joint material and which is easy to manufacture.

[0007] According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

[0008] This has the advantage that the inventive, easy-to-manufacture shaped blocks produce a shaped block floor with good water drainage and good retention of the joint material in the joints between the shaped blocks. By means of the drainage elements, liquids, in particular water during downpours, are specifically drained away into the water drainage channel formed by the spacer elements between two adjacent shaped blocks. The drainage elements also ensure that the joint material arranged below the drainage elements is retained and is not blown or washed out of the joints in the event of wind or rain. Furthermore, the drainage elements prevent the joint material from being washed out downwards. In addition, the spacer elements, which engage with each other when at least two shaped blocks are installed, increase the transverse displacement resistance of the shaped blocks under load.

[0009] The invention further relates to a shaped stone floor according to claim 9.

[0010] The invention therefore has the further object of providing a shaped stone floor of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided, with which good water drainage is achieved with good retention of the joint material in the joints.

[0011] According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of patent claim 9.

[0012] The advantages of the shaped stone floor correspond to the advantages of the above-mentioned shaped stone.

[0013] The subclaims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0014] Express reference is hereby made to the wording of the patent claims, whereby the patent claims are incorporated into the description at this point by reference and are deemed to be reproduced verbatim. The invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown by way of example only. Herein:

[0015] Fig. 1 is an exemplary representation of a first preferred embodiment of a shaped block in an axonometric view;

[0016] Fig. 2 is an exemplary representation of a second preferred embodiment of the shaped block in plan view;

[0017] Fig. 3 is an exemplary representation of the second preferred embodiment of the shaped block in side view;

[0018] Fig. 4 is an exemplary representation of a preferred embodiment of a shaped block floor in plan view;

[0019] Fig. 5 is a detailed view Z of Fig. 4;

[0020] Fig. 6 is a detail view Y of Fig. 4;

[0021] Fig. 7 is an exemplary illustration of a drainage device which is formed by two spacer elements of two shaped blocks in an assembled state, and

[0022] Fig. 8 is an exemplary illustration of several drainage devices which are formed by several spacer elements of two shaped blocks in an assembled state.

[0023] It is noted that for the sake of clarity, not all reference symbols have been assigned to each figure.

[0024] Figs. 1 to 8 show at least parts of preferred embodiments of a shaped block 1 for floors, comprising a base body with an upper side 2, a lower side 3 and at least one side surface 4, wherein at least one spacer element 5 is arranged on the at least one side surface 4 for specifying a joint width, wherein the at least one spacer element 5 comprises a first rib 6 and a second rib 7 arranged at a distance from the first rib 6, wherein the first rib 6 and the second rib 7 each extend from the lower side 3 towards the upper side 2 of the shaped block 1, wherein a drainage device 16 can be formed by means of the spacer element 5 and an identically designed further spacer element 5 of a further shaped block 20, wherein the drainage device 16 comprises a water drainage channel 17 delimited by the second rib 7,and that the spacer element 5 comprises an additional drainage element 8 for draining liquids into the water drainage channel 17.

[0025] Furthermore, a shaped stone floor 18 consisting of several shaped stones 1 is provided.

[0026] This results in the advantage that, by means of the inventive and easy-to-manufacture shaped blocks 1, a shaped block floor 18 with good water drainage and good retention of the joint material in the joints between the shaped blocks 1 is achieved. By means of the drainage elements 8, liquids, in particular water during downpours, are specifically drained into the water drainage channel 17, which is formed by the spacer elements 5 of two adjacent shaped blocks 1. The drainage elements 8 also ensure that the joint material arranged below the drainage elements 8 is retained and is not blown or washed out of the joints upwards in wind or rain. Furthermore, the drainage elements 8 also prevent the joint material from being washed out downwards.In addition, the transverse displacement resistance of the shaped blocks 1 under load is increased by the spacer elements 5, which engage with each other in an assembled state of at least two shaped blocks 1.

[0027] The shaped block 1 can also be referred to as a paving stone and is preferably made of concrete. Shaped blocks 1 are generally placed next to one another on a flat surface to form a shaped block base 18, optionally pressed into the surface with a predeterminable pressure, and then the joints 19 arranged between the shaped blocks 1 are filled with a loose jointing material such as joint sand. The shaped block 1 has a base body with a top side 2, a bottom side 3, and at least one side surface 4, wherein at least one spacer element 5 is arranged on the at least one side surface 4 to specify a joint width. The shaped block 1 can preferably have four side surfaces 4. In the case of a triangular shaped block 1, this would have a triangular base body with three side surfaces 4. In the case of a pentagonal shaped block 1, this would have five side surfaces 4.In the case of a round shaped stone 1, this would have a circumferential side surface 4.

[0028] The spacer element 5 is arranged on at least one side surface 4. This means that it can be arranged on any side surface 4, but if there are multiple side surfaces 4, it does not necessarily have to be arranged on every side surface 4.

[0029] For example, a shaped block 1 with four side surfaces 4, which is intended for placement in a corner of the shaped block base 18, can have two adjacent smooth side surfaces 4 separated by an edge, and two adjacent side surfaces 4 with the at least one spacer element 5, wherein the smooth side surfaces 4 are arranged as closely as possible in the corner, for example, against a house wall. The smooth side surfaces 4 are those side surfaces 4 that do not have a spacer element 5.

[0030] The at least one spacer element 5 can be used to specify a joint width between two shaped blocks 1. For this purpose, the joint width is determined by the maximum extension of the spacer element 5 away from the shaped block 1, or in other words, by the maximum cross-section of the spacer element 5.

[0031] The at least one spacer element 5 comprises a first rib 6 and a second rib 7 arranged at a distance from the first rib 6, wherein the first rib 6 and the second rib 7 each extend from the underside 3 toward the top side 2 of the molded block 1. The first rib 6 and / or the second rib 7 can preferably extend away from the edge delimiting the underside 3 from the side surface 4.

[0032] It can preferably be provided that the first rib 6 has a greater or longer longitudinal extent than the second rib 7. The first rib 6 is preferably longer than the second rib 7, which is shown by way of example in Figures 1 and 7. The first rib 6 and the second rib 7 are preferably designed as elongated and narrow extensions which protrude from the at least one side surface 4 of the shaped block 1. Elongated and narrow here means that the longitudinal extent of the ribs 6, 7 is at least three times, preferably at least five times, in particular at least six times, the width of the ribs 6, 7.

[0033] Depending on the height of the shaped block 1, the height of the first rib 6 and the second rib 7 can vary. A taller shaped block 1 preferably has longer ribs 6, 7 with a greater height than a shorter shaped block 1.

[0034] The cross-section of the ribs 6, 7 can be, in particular, semicircular or at least partially oval. Preferably, the ribs 6, 7 are at least partially rounded. At least partially rounded here means that the ribs 6, 7 can be rounded over part of their longitudinal extent or over their entire longitudinal extent.

[0035] Alternatively, it can be provided that the ribs 6,7 have a cross-section comprising corners, in particular a rectangular one.

[0036] The drainage device 16, which is illustrated by way of example in Figs. 7 and 8, can be formed by means of the spacer element 5 and an identically designed further spacer element 5 of another shaped block 20. The drainage device 16 comprises a water drainage channel 17 delimited by the second rib 7, which is illustrated by way of example in Figs. 7 and 8.

[0037] The water drainage channel 17 can also be referred to as a liquid drainage channel, since all kinds of liquids can be drained through it.

[0038] The spacer element 5 further comprises an additional drainage element 8 for draining liquids into the water drainage channel 17. The drainage element 8 serves to drain liquids from a near-surface area into the water drainage channel 17. The near-surface area is, in particular, the area which—in an assembled state of the shaped block 1—extends above the drainage element 8 to the upper side 2 of the shaped block 1.

[0039] Depending on the width of the shaped block 1, it can have a different number of spacer elements 5.

[0040] In Figs. 7 and 8, a shaped block 1 and another shaped block 20 are placed against one another in an assembled state. The spacer element 5 of the shaped block 1 comprises a first rib 6,1 and a second rib 7,1, with a spacer element 8,1 being arranged between the first rib 6,1 and the second rib 7,1. The further shaped block 20 comprises a first rib 6,20 and a second rib 7,20, with a spacer element 8,20 being arranged between the first rib 6,20 and the second rib 7,20.

[0041] Preferably, no rib 6, 7 or no obstacle formed on the shaped blocks 1, 20 is arranged in the water drainage channel 17, which prevents or disturbs the drainage of liquids towards the subsoil. The water drainage channel 17 is delimited by the second rib 7,1 of the shaped block 1 and the second rib 7,20 of the further shaped block 20 and extends in the direction of the underside 3 of the shaped blocks 1, 20. During a rain shower, water collects on the upper side 2 of the shaped block 1 or the further shaped block 20, which, from a certain amount, runs into the joint 19 between the shaped blocks 1, 20, where it meets the drainage elements 8,1 and 8,20 and is drained by means of the drainage elements 8,1 into the water drainage channel 17, in which it can run off towards the subsoil and seep away there.

[0042] Preferably, it can be provided that a plurality of spacer elements 5 are arranged next to one another and at a distance from one another on the at least one side surface 4 of the shaped block 1, which is shown by way of example in Fig. 1. When the spacer elements 5 of a shaped block 1 interact with identical spacer elements 5 of the further shaped block 20, which in an assembled state of the shaped block 1 is arranged rotated by 180° in a shaped block base, a plurality of adjacent drainage devices 16 and water drainage channels 17 are formed, which is shown by way of example in Fig. 8. It can be particularly preferably provided that the at least one drainage element 8 is designed as an elevation protruding from the at least one side surface 4.

[0043] The elevation may in particular be rod-shaped and may in particular have the shape of a semicircle in cross-section.

[0044] It can further preferably be provided that the maximum extension of the drainage element 8 from the side surface 4 of the shaped block 1 is smaller than the maximum extension of the at least one spacer element 5 from the side surface 4. The at least one spacer element 5 thus preferably protrudes further from the side surface 4 of the shaped block 1 than the drainage element 8. This ensures that a free space remains between the drainage elements 8 of two shaped blocks 1 in the assembled state and that a liquid can be drained into the water drainage channel 17.

[0045] It can preferably be provided that the sum of all cross-sectional areas of the at least one discharge element 8 transversely to the longitudinal extent of the side surface 4 is smaller than the sum of all cross-sectional areas of the first rib 6 and / or smaller than the sum of all cross-sectional areas of the second rib 7.

[0046] Preferably, it can be provided that an upper edge of the at least one discharge element 8 - seen in the direction of the upper side 2 of the shaped block 1 - is arranged above the first rib 6 and / or the second rib 7.

[0047] It can preferably be provided that the discharge element 8 is arranged on the at least one side surface 4 sloping from the first rib 6 to the second rib 7.

[0048] In a sequence of alternating first ribs 6 and second ribs 7, it can be provided that the spacer element 8 is arranged between, above or on those rib pairs of first ribs 6 and second ribs 7 which form a first large gap. In Fig. 1, for example, first ribs 6 are arranged alternating with second ribs 7, with a first large gap being arranged between a first rib 6 and a second rib 7, and a second small gap being arranged adjacent to this, from the second rib 7 to the next adjacent first rib 6. In the first large gap, the distance from the first rib 6 to the second rib 7 is greater than in the second small gap. For this purpose, it can be provided that the distance from the second rib 7 to the first rib 6 in the second small gap essentially corresponds to the width of a rib 6, 7.

[0049] Preferably, it can be provided that the first rib 6 and the second rib 7 have the same width.

[0050] It can also be provided that the spacer element 5 comprises several, for example two, discharge elements 8.

[0051] It can preferably be provided that the at least one drainage element 8 has a sloping, in particular an inclined, upper edge. This allows a liquid to be drained particularly well in the direction of the sloping upper edge.

[0052] It can particularly preferably be provided that the at least one drainage element 8 extends from a first end region 9 of the first rib 6 to a first end region 10 of the second rib 7. This allows a draining liquid to be drained particularly effectively and in a targeted manner into the water drainage channel 17.

[0053] It can preferably be provided that the discharge element 8 protrudes from the at least one side surface 4 and is flat. For this purpose, it can preferably be provided that the discharge element 8 at least partially spans the area between the first rib 6 and the second rib 7, which is illustrated by way of example in Fig. 1.

[0054] This enables simple production of the discharge element 8.

[0055] Alternatively, it can be provided that the drainage element 8 completely spans or forms the area between the first rib 6 and the second rib 7. As a first boundary of the area of ​​the drainage element 8, it can preferably be provided that the area extends to the lower edge of the shaped block 1, which delimits the at least one side surface 4 from the underside 3 of the shaped block 1, and that the area of ​​the drainage element 8 extends to at least the first end region 10 of the second rib 7. Preferably, the area of ​​the drainage element 8 extends to an upper limit, which is delimited by an imaginary line from the first end region 9 of the first rib 6 to the first end region 10 of the second rib 7.

[0056] Due to the flat design of the drainage element 8, the free space and thus the joint width between two adjacent shaped blocks 1 is reduced in this area, whereby joint material can be better retained against environmental influences due to a smaller attack surface.

[0057] It can also preferably be provided that the shaped block 1 has a gap for a first rib 6 of the further shaped block 20 in a first corner region 11 on the at least one side surface 4 and a first rib 6 for the gap of the further shaped block 20 in a second corner region 12 of the at least one side surface 4, opposite the first corner region 11, as is shown by way of example in Figures 1 to 3. As a result, the transverse displacement resistance of two shaped blocks 1 can also be increased at their corners or in their corner regions 11, 12. Furthermore, this also reduces the probability of joint material being blown out and washed out of the joints 19 formed at the corner regions 11, 12.

[0058] Furthermore, it can particularly preferably be provided that the first rib 6 in its second end region 13 and / or the second rib 7 in its second end region 14 has a larger cross-sectional area than in their first end regions 9, 10. In other words, it can preferably be provided that the first rib 6 and / or the second rib 7 are thicker in their second end regions 14 than in their first end regions 9, 10. In a region of the at least one side surface 4 arranged adjacent to the underside 3 of the shaped block 1, the joint width is thereby reduced in contrast to a region of the at least one side surface 4 adjacent to the top side 2 of the shaped block 1. Due to the thickening in the second end regions 13, 14, the joint in the lower region of the shaped blocks 1 is narrowed. This further increases the retention of the joint material in this region.It can also be preferred that edges 15 arranged on the upper side 2 of the shaped block 1 be stepped. This allows for better water drainage from the upper side 2 of the shaped block 1 into the joints 19. This is due to the surface tension of water and its behavior on conventional 90° edges and on stepped edges.

[0059] For this purpose, it can be provided that the stepped edge 15 has at least one step, wherein a flank angle of the flank of the step to the upper side 2 of the shaped block is preferably at least 30°, in particular at least 35°, preferably at least 38°.

[0060] It can also be provided that the stepped edge 15 has a plurality of steps. The steps can preferably each have the same flank angle of the flank of the step to the upper side 2 of the shaped block and / or to the adjacent step, preferably at least 30°, in particular at least 35°, preferably at least 38°.

[0061] It can also preferably be provided that the upper side 2 of the shaped block 1 is structured. For this purpose, the structures can have channels arranged in the direction of the spacer elements 5 arranged on the at least one side surface 4. Said channels are not shown in the figures.

[0062] Furthermore, a shaped block base 18 is provided, wherein the shaped blocks 1, 20 are spaced apart from one another by their spacer elements 5 with a predetermined joint width, wherein the drainage device 16 can be formed by the at least one spacer element 5 of the first shaped block 1 in combination with the at least one identically designed spacer element 5 of the further shaped block 20, wherein the second rib 7, 1 of the first shaped block 1 and the second rib 7, 20 of the further shaped block 20 form the water drainage channel 17 and delimit it.

[0063] It can preferably be provided that jointing material, in particular jointing sand, is arranged in the joints 19 formed by the spacer elements 5 between the shaped blocks 1. A preferred embodiment of a shaped block base 18 is shown as an example in Fig. 4. For better clarity, no jointing material is shown in Fig. 4 in the joints between the individual shaped blocks 1, 20, since otherwise the ribs 6, 7 would not be visible.

[0064] In Figs. 5 and 6, detailed views Y and Z from Fig. 4 are shown, wherein ribs 6, 7 of the spacer elements 5 of several shaped blocks 1, 20 each engage with each other and drainage devices 16 are formed.

[0065] The following are principles for understanding and interpreting the disclosure in question.

[0066] Characteristics are usually introduced with an indefinite article, "ein, eine, eines, einer." Therefore, unless the context indicates otherwise, "ein, eine, eines, einer" is not to be understood as a number.

[0067] By means of an ordering number, for example, "first," "second," or "third," a feature X or an object Y is distinguished in particular in multiple embodiments, unless otherwise defined by the disclosure of the invention. In particular, a feature X or object Y with an ordering number in a claim does not mean that an embodiment of the invention covered by this claim must have a further feature X or another object Y.

[0068] For ranges of values, the endpoints are included unless the context indicates otherwise.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E 1. A shaped block (1) for floors, comprising a base body with a top side (2), a bottom side (3), and at least one side surface (4), wherein at least one spacer element (5) is arranged on the at least one side surface (4) to specify a joint width, wherein the at least one spacer element (5) comprises a first rib (6) and a second rib (7) arranged at a distance from the first rib (6), wherein the first rib (6) and the second rib (7) each extend from the bottom side (3) towards the top side (2) of the shaped block (1), characterized in that a drainage device (16) can be formed by means of the spacer element (5) and an identically designed further spacer element (5) of a further shaped block (20), wherein the drainage device (16) comprises a water drainage channel (17) delimited by the second rib (7),and that the spacer element (5) comprises an additional drainage element (8) for draining liquids into the water drainage channel (17).

2. Shaped block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one discharge element (8) is designed as an elevation projecting from the at least one side surface (4).

3. Shaped block (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the maximum extension of the discharge element (8) from the side surface (4) of the shaped block (1) is smaller than the maximum extension of the at least one spacer element (5) from the side surface (4).

4. Shaped block (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the discharge element (8) is arranged on the at least one side surface (4) sloping from the first rib (6) to the second rib (7).

5. Shaped block (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the at least one discharge element (8) extends from a first end region (9) of the first rib (6) to a first end region (10) of the second rib (7).

6. Shaped block (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaped block (1) on the at least one side surface (4) in a first corner region (11) a gap for a first rib (6) of the further shaped block (1) is arranged and in a second corner region (12) of the at least one side surface (4) opposite the first corner region (11) a first rib (6) for the gap of the further shaped block (1) is arranged.

7. Shaped block (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first rib (6) in its second end region (13) and / or the second rib (7) in its second end region (14) has a larger cross-sectional area than in its first end regions (9, 10).

8. Shaped block (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that edges (15) arranged on the upper side (2) of the shaped block (1) are stepped.

9. Shaped block floor (18) consisting of several shaped blocks (1, 20) according to one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Shaped block floor (18) according to claim 9, characterized in that the shaped blocks (1, 20) are spaced apart from one another by their spacer elements (5) with a predetermined joint width, wherein the drainage device (16) can be formed by the at least one spacer element (5) of the first shaped block (1) in combination with the at least one identically designed spacer element (5) of the further shaped block (20), wherein the second rib (7) of the first shaped block (1) and the second rib (7, 20) of the further shaped block (20) form the water drainage channel (17) and delimit it.

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