Component for measuring rotational speed, in particular for a vehicle, method for producing such a component, detection device and vehicle having such a component

Abstract

The invention relates to a component (3) having a main body (9) that is provided with a coating (10), wherein the coating (10) has a plurality of coating segments (11) which extend about an axis of rotation (7) of the component (3) extending in the circumferential direction (12) of the component (3) and at least partially spaced apart from one another, by means of which coating segments a rotational speed of the component (3) rotating about the axis of rotation (7) can be detected.

Description

[0001] Component for speed measurement, in particular for a vehicle, method for producing such a component,

[0002] DETECTION DEVICE AND VEHICLE WITH SUCH A COMPONENT

[0003] The invention relates to a component, in particular for a vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a component. The invention also relates to a detection device, in particular for a vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 9. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with at least one such detection device.

[0004] US 9 145 028 B2 discloses a mounting structure for a wheel speed sensor ring. Furthermore, KR 100879592 B1 discloses a drive unit.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a component, a method, a detection device and a vehicle so that rotational speed detection can be realized in a particularly advantageous manner.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the invention by a component having the features of patent claim 1, by a method having the features of patent claim 8, by a detection device having the features of patent claim 9, and by a vehicle having the features of patent claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0007] A first aspect of the invention relates to a component. For example, the component can be used for or in a vehicle. Of course, other applications and / or uses of the component are readily conceivable. Preferably, the vehicle is a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle can in particular be a motor vehicle such as a passenger car. Furthermore, it is conceivable for the motor vehicle to be a motorcycle, in particular a motorcycle. The motorcycle is, for example, a single-track motor vehicle with exactly two vehicle wheels. Furthermore, it is conceivable for the motorcycle to be a three-wheeler, thus in particular a two-track motorcycle with exactly three vehicle wheels, so that, for example, the motorcycle is designed as a motorcycle with a sidecar or as a so-called trike.Each vehicle wheel is a respective ground contact element by which the vehicle can be or is supported downwards on the ground in the vertical direction of the vehicle. If the vehicle is driven along the ground while being supported downwards on the ground by the respective ground contact element in the vertical direction of the vehicle, the ground contact element rolls, in particular directly, on the ground.

[0008] The component comprises a base body provided with a coating. For example, the coating is applied, in particular coated, to the base body. Thus, the coating is in particular a layer arranged on the base body.

[0009] In order to be able to implement rotational speed detection in a particularly advantageous manner, the invention provides that the coating has a plurality of coating segments that are at least partially, in particular completely, spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the component, wherein the circumferential direction of the component extends around a rotational axis of the component, i.e., for example, the component is rotatable about the rotational axis relative to at least one component. In this case, a rotational speed of the component rotatable about the rotational axis can be detected by means of the coating elements, in particular in a contactless and / or magnetic and / or electrical and / or capacitive manner.The component is or comprises, for example, a sensor, also referred to as a rotational speed sensor, by means of which the coating segments can be detected, in particular without contact, i.e. without any contact between the sensor and the coating segments, whereby the rotational speed of the component can be detected. In particular, the sensor can, for example, detect the coating segments, also referred to simply as segments, magnetically and / or electrically and / or capacitively, i.e. in that when the component is rotated about the axis of rotation relative to the component and thus relative to the sensor, the segments influence a field, in particular an electric and / or magnetic field, which can be provided or is provided by the sensor, for example. The aforementioned rotational speed detection is therefore to be understood as the detection of the rotational speed of the component by means of the segments.The rotational speed is understood to be a value which, when the component rotates about the axis of rotation relative to the component, indicates a number of revolutions of the component about the axis of rotation relative to the component within a period of time, based on the stated period of time, for example in the unit of revolutions per minute. The invention makes it possible to detect the rotational speed of the component in a particularly cost-effective and lightweight manner. Conventionally, a rotational speed of a component is detected in such a way that the component has a structure, in particular a mechanical one and / or designed as a solid body, such as a toothing with alternating teeth and tooth gaps. Furthermore, it is conceivable for the structure to have recesses arranged alternately one after the other and projections raised relative to the recesses.The mechanical structure can be detected, for example, capacitively and / or magnetically and / or electrically, by means of a speed sensor, such that when the component is rotated relative to the speed sensor, the structure influences an electric and / or magnetic field provided, for example, by the speed sensor. A disadvantage of these conventional solutions, however, is that the structure has to be manufactured through at least one or more work steps that only have to be carried out to manufacture the structure. Furthermore, the mechanical structure is usually not one-piece, i.e., not formed integrally with the component, but rather the structure is usually manufactured separately from the component and connected to the component, for example by screwing the structure to the component.Thus, producing the structure usually requires a separate, additional manufacturing process, for example one that includes the work steps through which the structure is specifically manufactured. As a result, conventional solutions for speed detection are expensive. In addition, a structural unit comprising the component and the structure manufactured separately from the component and connected to the component is very heavy. The aforementioned disadvantages can now be avoided by the invention. Since, according to the invention, the coating segments are used to detect the speed of the component, and since the base body is provided with the coating, the coating can be produced particularly quickly and cost-effectively, or the base body can be provided with the coating particularly quickly and cost-effectively, for example by applying the coating to the base body.The coating is therefore not a separate part from the base body, but is manufactured using the base body. Furthermore, the coating can be manufactured with minimal material expenditure and thus in a time-, weight-, and cost-effective manner, particularly because the base body is only provided with the coating segments in certain areas, i.e., only locally and thus only in partial areas. For example, further areas of the base body adjacent to the partial areas are free of the coating. This allows the weight, costs, and installation space requirements of the component to be kept to a particularly low level.Furthermore, it is possible for the base body to be made of a cost-effective material that, for example, cannot be detected by the speed sensor in and of itself, i.e., considered on its own, or even a structure made of the material could not be detected by the speed sensor because, for example, the material is not capable of influencing an electric and / or magnetic field provided by the sensor. However, the coating segments can be detected by the speed sensor.However, since the base body can only be provided with the coating segments locally, the material expenditure for producing the coating and thus the costs and weight of the coating itself, i.e. considered on its own, can be kept particularly low, so that the costs, weight and installation space requirements of the component as a whole can be kept particularly low.

[0010] In particular, it is conceivable for the base body to be directly coated, so that, for example, the coating is applied directly to the base body. This means, in particular, that no other material is arranged between the base body and the coating.

[0011] Since the rotational speed of the component can be detected by means of the coating segments, such that the rotational speed sensor can detect the coating segments or an influence caused or effectable by the coating segments on a particularly electrical and / or magnetic field, which is provided, for example, by the sensor, it is possible to avoid providing or connecting the component with a separate, specially manufactured structure intended for rotational speed detection, so that the rotational speed of the component can be detected in a particularly cost- and weight-effective manner. In particular, separately manufactured sensor wheels, sensor rings, or pulse-generating windows, in particular punched windows, can be avoided.Additional connection techniques such as screw connections for connecting the component to a separately manufactured structure for speed detection can also be avoided, so that the speed of the component can be detected in a particularly simple, cost-effective and lightweight manner. In order to be able to detect the speed of the component in a particularly simple and precise manner, one embodiment of the invention provides that the coating segments and thus the coating comprise at least or exactly one ferromagnetic material, in particular a ferritic material. The ferromagnetic material can be, for example, a metal powder, in particular a ferritic and / or ferromagnetic metal powder. Furthermore, this makes it possible to achieve particularly advantageous corrosion resistance of the coating.It is conceivable that the ferromagnetic material, in particular the metal powder, is embedded in a matrix material. The ferromagnetic material can, for example, particularly advantageously influence a field provided or capable of being provided by the speed sensor, in particular an electric and / or magnetic field, especially when the component is rotated about the rotational axis relative to the speed sensor. This influence on the field can be detected by the speed sensor, allowing the rotational speed of the component to be measured precisely and in a simple, cost-effective, and lightweight manner.

[0012] For example, the base body is or will be provided with the coating and thus with the coating segments by a coating process, so that the coating and thus the coating segments are or will be applied, in particular coated, to the base body, for example, by the said coating process. The coating process is, for example, a thermal coating process, so that, for example, the base body is or will be provided with the coating and thus with the coating segments by thermal coating, i.e., by the thermal coating process. In other words, again, the coating and thus the coating segments are or will be applied, in particular coated, to the base body, for example, by thermal coating, i.e., by the thermal coating process.Furthermore, it is conceivable for the coating process to be spraying, in particular thermal spraying, so that the coating and thus the coating segments are applied, i.e. applied, to the base body in such a way that the coating and thus the coating segments are sprayed onto and / or against the base body. Very preferably, the coating process is cold gas spraying (CGS - Gold Gas Spray), so that the coating and thus the coating segments are or will be applied, in particular applied, to the base body by cold gas spraying. The coating or a coating material from which the coating is or will be made is applied, for example in powder form, at a very high speed to the base body as a carrier material, which is also referred to as the substrate.Thus, the coating material is or comprises the aforementioned material and / or the aforementioned ferromagnetic material such as the metal powder.

[0013] Another embodiment is characterized by the base body being made of a non-ferromagnetic material. This allows the cost of the base body and thus the component as a whole to be kept particularly low, allowing the rotational speed to be measured in a particularly cost-effective manner.

[0014] In order to be able to keep the weight and the costs of the base body and thus of the component as a whole within a particularly low range, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the base body is formed from a plastic, which is thus preferably the aforementioned non-ferromagnetic material.

[0015] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the base body is formed from a first material, with the coating segments being formed from a second material that differs from the first material. This allows the cost and weight of the component to be kept particularly low, thus enabling a particularly cost-effective and lightweight speed detection system.

[0016] In order to be able to detect the rotational speed particularly precisely and thus in a particularly advantageous manner, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the segments are equally spaced from one another in pairs in the circumferential direction running around the axis of rotation, and are therefore arranged in a uniformly distributed manner.

[0017] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the component is a rim for the aforementioned vehicle and thus a component of at least one of the vehicle wheels. In the fully manufactured state of the vehicle comprising the component, a tire, particularly made of rubber, of the at least one vehicle wheel is mounted on the rim, for example, so that the tire is connected to the rim. Thus, the rim comprises the base body and the coating, allowing the rotational speed to be detected in a particularly cost-effective and lightweight manner.In conventional solutions, especially in conventional motorcycles, the speed is measured using a detection element manufactured separately from a rim, e.g., a sensor ring or sensor wheel, which is connected to the rim in a rotationally fixed manner, for example, by screws. The detection element can be used to measure the speed. In contrast, the invention enables significantly lighter and more cost-effective speed measurement.

[0018] The speed sensor can, for example, provide a signal, in particular an electrical one, which characterizes, i.e., indicates, the detected speed of the component and is also referred to as a speed signal. In particular, when the component is designed as the aforementioned rim, the speed is a speed of the at least one vehicle wheel, so that the speed is also referred to as the wheel speed. The detected speed or the signal characterizing the speed can, for example, be used for an anti-lock braking system (ABS), for example to prevent the vehicle wheel from locking when the vehicle wheel is braked. In particular, when the component is the aforementioned rim, the unsprung mass of the vehicle can be reduced compared to conventional solutions.

[0019] It has also proven particularly advantageous if the component is a housing for a vehicle, in particular for a transmission of a vehicle, or the component is, for example, a gear for a vehicle, in particular for a transmission of the vehicle. The invention avoids the use of separate structures for speed detection, allowing the speed to be detected in a particularly lightweight and cost-effective manner. The transmission is, for example, a differential gear, also simply referred to as a differential.

[0020] A second aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a component according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

[0021] Thus, the method includes, for example, the coating method by means of which the base body is provided with the coating and thus with the coating segments, in particular in such a way that the coating and thus the coating segments are applied, in particular coated, to the base body during the coating method. During the coating method, the coating is applied, for example, to the base body in such a way that the coating or the aforementioned coating material from which the coating is produced is sprayed onto and / or against the base body. In particular, the coating method is a spraying method. The coating material is or includes, for example, the ferromagnetic material, in particular the metal powder, which is applied, for example, in powder form to the base body, in particular sprayed against the base body.

[0022] A third aspect of the invention relates to a detection device, in particular for a vehicle. The detection device according to the third aspect of the invention has at least one sensor, also referred to as a rotational speed sensor. Furthermore, the detection device according to the third aspect of the invention comprises at least one component that is rotatable about a rotational axis relative to the sensor. By means of the sensor, a rotational speed of the component, in particular with respect to the rotational axis, can be detected in a contactless and / or magnetic and / or electrical and / or capacitive manner.The feature that the rotational speed of the component relative to the rotational axis can be detected by means of the sensor is to be understood in particular as meaning that the sensor can detect a number of revolutions of the component occurring within a time period around the rotational axis relative to the sensor, in particular relative to the time period, wherein the rotational speed characterises, i.e. indicates or describes, the number of detected rotations relative to the time period.

[0023] In order to be able to detect the rotational speed of the component in a particularly cost-effective and lightweight manner, the third aspect of the invention provides that the component has a base body provided with a coating having a plurality of coating segments that are at least partially, in particular completely, spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the component running around the rotational axis of the component, which coating segments can be detected by the sensor, in particular contactlessly and / or magnetically and / or electrically and / or capacitively, to detect the rotational speed. The fact that the sensor can detect the rotational speed using the coating segments in a contactless manner means that the sensor can detect the rotational speed without any contact occurring between the sensor and the coating segments or between the sensor and the component.Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect and the second aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the third aspect of the invention and vice versa.

[0024] A fourth aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, preferably designed as a land vehicle and / or motor vehicle, which has at least one detection device according to the third aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect, the second aspect, and the third aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the fourth aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

[0025] Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with the accompanying drawing. The sole FIG. 1 shows a partial schematic perspective view of a vehicle with a detection device for detecting rotational speed.

[0026] Fig. 1 shows a detail in a schematic perspective view of a vehicle 1 designed as a motor vehicle, which in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is designed as a motorcycle. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the motorcycle is a motorbike, which in the present case is designed as a single-track vehicle with exactly two vehicle wheels arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, also simply referred to as wheels. In Fig. 1, a detail of one of the vehicle wheels can be seen and is designated by 2. The vehicle wheel 2 is a front wheel, so that the other, second vehicle wheel is a rear wheel. The vehicle wheels are ground contact elements by means of which the vehicle can be or is supported downwards on a ground in the vertical direction of the vehicle.If the vehicle is driven along the ground while being supported vertically downwards on the ground via the ground contact elements, the ground contact elements (vehicle wheels) roll, in particular directly, on the ground. The vehicle wheel 2 has a rim 3, which is a first component or is also referred to as the first component. The vehicle wheel 2 also comprises, for example, a tire (not visible in Fig. 1) made of rubber, for example, which is also referred to as a vehicle tire. The vehicle tire is a second component or is also referred to as the second component. The tire is formed separately from the rim 3 and is mounted on the rim 3, thereby connecting it to the rim 3. Also visible in Fig. 1 is a detail of a brake disc 4 of a service brake 5 of the vehicle 1, designed as a disc brake. The service brake 5 also comprises a brake caliper 6.The brake disc 4 is rotationally connected to the vehicle wheel 2, so that the vehicle wheel 2 and thus the vehicle 1 as a whole can be braked by means of the service brake 5.

[0027] The vehicle wheel 2 and thus the rim 3 are held on component 8 so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation 7 relative to another component 8 of the vehicle 1. In the present case, component 8 is a steering device, in particular a fork, which is held, for example, in a steerable and thus pivotable manner on a frame of the vehicle 1 (not visible in Fig. 1). If component 8 and thus vehicle wheel 2 are pivoted relative to the frame and thus steered, this can cause cornering, lane changes, and changes in the direction of travel of the vehicle 1. If the vehicle 1 is driven along the ground while being supported on the ground via the vehicle wheels in the vertical direction downwards, the vehicle wheel 2 rolls, in particular directly, on the ground, and in the process the vehicle wheel 2 rotates about the axis of rotation 7, also referred to as the wheel axis of rotation, relative to component 8 and relative to the frame.It can thus be seen that the rim 3 (first component) is rotatable about the axis of rotation 7 relative to the component 8 (component). In particular, the vehicle wheel 2 and thus the rim 3 can rotate at different speeds about the axis of rotation 7 relative to the component 8. In order to be able to determine, in particular detect, a speed of the vehicle 1, also referred to as driving speed, for example, it is desirable to detect the respective speed of the vehicle wheel 2, also referred to as wheel speed. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one assistance system such as an anti-lock braking system (ABS) of the vehicle 1 can be operated, in particular controlled, depending on the detected wheel speed (speed of the vehicle wheel 2), in order to be able to realize particularly safe operation of the vehicle 1.

[0028] In order to be able to detect the rotational speed of the rim 3 and thus of the vehicle wheel 2 in a particularly advantageous, in particular particularly cost- and weight-effective, manner, the rim 3 has a base body 9 provided with a coating 10 having a plurality of coating segments 11 spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the rim 3 running around the rotational axis 7, by means of which the rotational speed of the rim 3 and thus of the vehicle wheel 2 can be detected. The circumferential direction of the rim 3 running around the rotational axis 7 is illustrated in Fig. 1 by a double arrow 12. The coating segments 11, also simply referred to as segments, are preferably equally spaced from one another in pairs in the circumferential direction of the rim 3, whereby the rotational speed can be detected precisely.

[0029] The coating 10 and thus the coating segments 11 are, for example, components of a detection device 13, shown particularly schematically in Fig. 1, by means of which the rotational speed can be detected. The detection device 13 also comprises, for example, a sensor 14, shown particularly schematically in Fig. 1 and also referred to as a rotational speed sensor or wheel speed sensor, by means of which the coating segments 11 and consequently the rotational speed of the rim 3 and thus of the vehicle wheel 2 can be detected, in particular in a contactless and / or magnetic and / or electrical and / or capacitive manner. In particular, the sensor 14 can, for example, provide a field, in particular a magnetic and / or electrical field.If the vehicle wheel 2 and thus the rim 3 and thus the coating segments 11 are rotated about the axis of rotation 7 relative to the component 8 and thus relative to the sensor 14, which is held, for example, on the component 8, the coating segments 11 influence the field, in particular because the coating segments 11 are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and because the base body 9 is free of the coating 10 in the circumferential direction between circumferentially adjacent coating segments 11. The sensor 14 can detect the influence of the coating segments 11 on the field and thereby the rotational speed. The sensor 14 can provide a signal, in particular an electrical one, characterizing the detected rotational speed, based on which signal the speed can be determined and / or the assistance system can be operated, in particular controlled.Thus, the sensor 14 can detect the rotational speed without the sensor 14 touching the rim 3, the base body 9, or the coating 10. The rotational speed can be detected without the rim 3 being provided with a separately formed detection element connected to the rim 3, such as a sensor wheel or a sensor ring.

[0030] The coating 10 is applied, in particular coated, to the base body 9, for example, by cold gas spraying (CGS), so that the base body 9 can be provided with the coating 10, and thus with the coating segments 11, in a particularly time- and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the weight of the vehicle wheel 2 and thus the unsprung mass of the vehicle 1 can be kept particularly low. For example, the coating segments 11 are formed from a coating material, also referred to simply as material, which is also referred to as the first material. The base body 9 is formed, for example, from a second material, wherein it is conceivable that the second material is different from the first material.The coating material (first material) is, for example, a ferromagnetic material or the coating material comprises a ferromagnetic material, wherein the ferromagnetic material can be or comprise, for example, a metal powder.

[0031] List of reference symbols

[0032] vehicle

[0033] vehicle wheel

[0034] rim

[0035] brake disc

[0036] Service brake

[0037] brake caliper

[0038] axis of rotation

[0039] component

[0040] Basic body

[0041] Coating

[0042] Coating segment

[0043] double arrow

[0044] Recording device

[0045] sensor

Claims

Patent claims Component (3) with a base body (9) which is provided with a coating (10), characterized in that the coating (10) has a plurality of coating segments (11) which are at least partially spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction (12) of the component (3) running around a rotational axis (7) of the component (3), by means of which coating segments a rotational speed of the component (3) rotatable about the rotational axis (7) can be detected. Component (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating segments (11) comprise a ferromagnetic material. Component (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base body (9) is formed from a non-ferromagnetic material. Component (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (9) is formed from a plastic.Component (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (9) is formed from a first material and the coating segments (11) are formed from a second material different from the first material. Component (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating segments (11) are equally spaced from one another in pairs in the circumferential direction (12). Component (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that. the component (3) is a rim (3) or a housing or a gear for a vehicle (1). Method for producing a component (3) according to one of the preceding claims. Detection device (13) with at least one sensor (14) and with at least one component (3) rotatable about a rotational axis (7) relative to the sensor (14), the rotational speed of which component can be detected by the sensor (14), characterized in that the component (3) has a base body (9) provided with a coating (10) having a plurality of coating segments (11) that are at least partially spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction (12) of the component (3) extending about the rotational axis (7) of the component (3), which coating segments can be detected by the sensor (14) for detecting the rotational speed. Vehicle (1) with at least one detection device (13) according to claim 9.

Images