Box-type retention and infiltration set made of plastic

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a retention and seepage plastic box set (1). It is to be used as a spatial structure for the management of excess rainwater, or groundwater, being primarily embedded in the ground, including, in particular, under or along traffic routes, or omnidirectionally with respect to them, as well as with respect to other buildings. The retention and seepage plastic box set (1) composed of two half-elements (2) comprising the base grid (3) and at least six columns (4) drawn from each quarter of the base grid (3) of each half-element (2), a total of at least twenty-four columns (4) connected to the base grid (3) on the half-element (2), protruding approximately vertically from the base grid (3). The column (4) on the side located away from the base grid (3) has at its end either the first element (5) or the second element (6), with the first element (5) and the second element (6) having a matching shape with respect to each other capable of connecting adjacent half-elements (2) through the columns (4). The retention and seepage box set (1) has at least every three of the columns (4) belonging to laterally adjacent quarters on the base grid (3), and the columns (4) have the first element (5) in the first of these two adjacent quarters, and preferably the second element (6) in the second of these two adjacent quarters respectively, and the remaining columns (4) of both these quarters are devoid of at least the second element (6), with all columns (4) of each quarter remaining throughly empty in the middle, including the end of the column (4) located away from the base grid (3). The first element (5) is elastic and, being in the form of a clip (5') drawn from the side wall (9) of the end of the column (4), is, with a memory of its rest position, deformable centrally towards the axis (OS) of the column (4), and the second element (6) is a non-deformable catch (6') receiving the elastic clip (5') of the first element (5), drawn from the inner side wall (9) of the column (4).

Description

[0001] The subject of the invention is a retention and seepage plastic box set. It is to be used as a spatial structure for the management of excess rainwater, or groundwater, being primarily embedded in the ground, including, in particular, under or along traffic routes, or omnidirectionally with respect to them, as well as with respect to other buildings.

[0002] Commonly known are drainage systems for carrying excess water away from an area prone to waterlogging, whether in the form of waterways, ditches, or gutter or pipe systems. It is not always possible, and there is not always a justification for running such long waterways, if a structure artificially adapted to the terrain is in question. Management should be understood as a momentary need in time, such as during a sudden large precipitation that cannot be absorbed in a particular area, but also as a cyclical need, such as for special conditions of an area where excess water is not absorbed into the soil or drained from the area too slowly. In such situations, dedicated systems of absorptive stationary structures, strictly determined for local needs by their absorptive capacity and seepage rate, are then proven to work well.

[0003] As a rule, such structures are most often modular and allow expansion by adding individual elements one to another, but also one above the other as looked at independently. Since, as mentioned, such structures can be embedded under traffic routes, including vehicle parking lots, such structures require adequate compressive strength, especially for situations where they are empty while waiting for water to flow in. They also require adequate connectivity so that there is no shifting of adjacent elements, either spontaneously, or due to the pressure of incoming water, or due to forces caused by pressure from the natural environment, as well as from the linear movement of vehicles over such systems, or in their immediate vicinity.

[0004] In such a case, therefore, spatial structures, the vast majority of which are empty inside, properly embedded one in relation to the other, with the aim of creating a system with sufficient volume to accommodate the water rising in the area. As a single repetitive module, a rectangular shape has become accepted, which is nowadays mostly manufactured in plastic, which makes it possible to use multiple through-holes for water flow, without significant harm to the strength of the structure, which is stable thanks to numerous truss connections. The truss can take the shape that has many rectangular holes, or many circular holes, but also both at the same time. Building a spatial structure, however, requires strong joints that can withstand compression and shear resulting from forces perpendicular and diagonal to the direction of the structure. In addition to the links, a space that is strong at least in the vertical direction is required. Hence, for the vast majority, columnar systems are known, in which, for one module, there are multiple columns in it, which connect either the trusses, both upper and lower ones, or at least one of them, either lower or upper one, with adequately placed columns or a truss of the other module.

[0005] Specific examples of known solutions that have been submitted for and obtained legal protection as technically significant include the following database appearances.

[0006] German utility model number DE202016107114U1, wherein there is described a half-element composed of a base grid and at least one column connected to the base grid, protruding approximately vertically from the base grid, wherein the column on the side away from the base grid has a surface at its end, and therein it has either a first connecting element or a second connecting element, with the first connecting element and the second connecting element having a complementary shape at least in cross-sections, the first connecting element and the second connecting element have a complementary shape at least in cross- sections, and the first connecting element and the second connecting element are designed so that they can be connected to each other when adjacent half-elements are set on top of each other, in particular with the ends of their columns located away from the base grid, the column ends facing each other accordingly, having in mind complementary connecting elements.

[0007] And from the European patent with database occurrence number EP2463449B1 is known a structural body, intended for a system of seepage-retention elements, which has an open, three-dimensional structure, with a main grid provided therein, from which a certain number of empty, upwardly tapering support elements rise, but such that a number of structural bodies are nested by inserting from underneath the supporting elements of the lower structural body into the supporting elements of the upper structural body, the lateral limitation of the structural body being formed by at least part of the vertical supporting elements and the frame-like stabilizing main grid and its side walls. The known structural body has at least one coupling cam and at least one coupling socket on the upper surface of at least one supporting element, with the coupling cam being adapted to enter by means of a shaped connection into the coupling socket of an adjacent structural body of the seepage-retention element system.

[0008] In the above-described first known detailed solution, a box structure is described, in which a convex connecting element, or a concave connecting element, is interchangeably drawn from the bottom of the column, closely matching each other, while the bottom is solid in a significant part and may have additional connecting elements operating according to the same principle.

[0009] In the above-described second known detailed solution, a box structure is described, a structural body in which both a convex connecting element and a concave connecting element are drawn from the bottom of the supporting elements, closely matched to each other, the matching occurring for the binding of the lower body to the upper body, when they are set one on top of the other counter-sidedly, while the bottom remains solid in a significant part and may have additional connecting elements operating according to the same principle.

[0010] In both cases, the bottoms of the supporting columnar elements had a surface, at least partially flat, which, when the two parts of one box element are joined, is also a support area against which both parts of the box element rest, one part on top of the other part. The additional structural support may increase the load-bearing capacity of the box element, however, in the absence of boreholes in the supporting elements, this built-up additional tangential area may interfere with the free flow, vertically, of the water accumulated in the box element, and thus may reduce the total volume of water accumulated in it. The possible lateral boreholes of load-bearing elements may, in turn, reduce the strength of these elements and the load-bearing capacity of a single box element, and, consequently, of a group of such elements when they form a multi-element retention system, particularly one that is extended in the vertical direction, most often down a trench dedicated to the system.

[0011] The purpose of the solution according to the invention is to put together the design of a box element, durable for use in the construction of multi-box retention systems, and at the same time ensure the flow through both the single element and the multi-box system of water accumulated in each individual box element, and the water collection itself should use both the spaces outside the main support elements, as well as use them to collect water without compromising their strength or the ability to combine the modules of the single box element.

[0012] The essence of the solution that meets the technical objectives indicated is as follows.

[0013] The retention and seepage plastic box set is composed of two half-elements made up of a base grid and at least six columns drawn from each quarter of the base grid of each half-element, with a total of at least twenty-four columns connected to the base grid on the half-element, protruding approximately vertically from the base grid. The column on the side away from the base grid has either a first element or a second element at its end, with the first element and the second element having a matching shape with respect to each other, capable of connecting adjacent half-elements through the columns. The box set is characterised in that at least every three of the columns belonging to laterally adjacent quarters on the base grid, respectively, have a first element in the first of said two adjacent quarters and preferably a second element in the second of said two adjacent quarters, and the remaining columns of both said quarters are devoid of at least a second element, with all columns of each quarter remaining throughly empty inside, including the end of the column located away from the base grid. The first element is elastic and, being in the form of a clip drawn from the side wall of the end of the column, is, bearing a rest position memory, deformable centrally in the direction to the axis of the column, while the second element is a non-deformable catch accepting the elastic clip of the first element, the catch being drawn from the inner side of the side wall of the end of the column.

[0014] Preferably, the columns of the half-element are distributed annularly in an openwork base grid, at least along the lines of two circles relative to the centre of the base grid, preferably along the lines of four circles.

[0015] Preferably, the columns arranged in individual quarters are distanced from the columns of laterally and oppositely adjacent quarters, and an empty inspection channel is formed between the columns of adjacent quarters.

[0016] Preferably, the column is shaped like a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid, the smaller hollow base of which is the end of the column.

[0017] Preferably, the first element has the shape of at least a double protrusion drawn from the side wall of the end of the column, preferably perpendicular to the base grid, that is, parallel to the axis of the column.

[0018] Preferably, the first element is curved.

[0019] Preferably, the first element has a guiding recess and / or a fastening recess, respectively.

[0020] Preferably, the protrusions of the first element share a common tangent point, which, due to their curved shape, is located at the extension of the column axis.

[0021] Preferably, the second element as a catch has the shape of at least a double non-tangent rim, drawn from the side wall of the end of the column, preferably parallel to the base grid, that is, perpendicular to the axis of the column.

[0022] Preferably, the second element as a catch is a rim facing the centre of the column in the form of a thickening, or uplift of the lower edge of the wall of the end of the column.

[0023] Preferably, the second element is a guide catch and / or a fastening catch respectively.

[0024] Preferably, the clip of the first element is capable of penetrating both the column having the second element, i.e. the catch, and is also capable of penetrating columns lacking any element at their ends.

[0025] Preferably, the set is equipped with at least one wall, up to a maximum of four, pinned to the edge of the base grid, with each wall attached in a direction perpendicular to the base grid.

[0026] Preferably, the base grid and / or wall, are openwork.

[0027] Preferably, the openwork pieces of the base grid and / or the wall have the shape of arched through holes, guided along the line of a circle with a centre in the central point of the base grid or the wall, respectively.

[0028] Preferably, the base grid is in the shape of a square with the length of the edge, as a side of the square, preferably in accordance with the double height of the column of the half-element, preferably from 0.5m to 1m.

[0029] The advantage of the solution according to the invention is the possibility of combining the sets into a multi-box system, by placing the sets next to each other and additionally preferably simultaneously one level above the other level of boxes.

[0030] The advantage is the high strength of the structure, despite its low weight, due to the circular shapes included in the design, with the circle also used as a topology for positioning individual columns.

[0031] The advantage is that it is possible to use only half of the pairs of columns located in adjacent opposite half-elements to make the connection of half-elements durable and strong, as well as resistant to shear forces, thanks, among other things, to the multiplicity of columns used, located in blocks, where each block is a quarter of a half-element. It is worth noting that thanks to the through-columns, it is possible to store the half-elements one inside the other, even before they are assembled at their destination, e.g. right after manufacture or during transport, with no water being accumulated in them.

[0032] Finally, the advantage is the chance to mount in a facilitated manner, with the topology of the position of the columns symmetrically, resulting in the ability to rotate the base grid by 180 degrees of angular measure, so that the topology would be repeated and mounting would be possible.

[0033] Precise alignment of the half-elements on top of each other during assembly is also assisted, as the arched clips, especially when joined at a central point above the column, form a flexible tapered basket-shaped self-guided cage for the column then positioned exactly opposite its empty counterpart in the other half element.

[0034] The solution is shown in the drawing, in which Fig.1 depicts a retention and seepage box set dismembered, in perspective view of two half-elements set opposite each other, prepared for mounting one on top of the other, Fig.2 depicts one of the two half-elements of the set, from a top perspective view, with the circular topology of the distribution of the openwork openings of the base grid and the circular topology of the columns distributed on the base grid visible, Fig.3 depicts the wall, in perspective view, for the seating of the interconnected half-elements on each of the corresponding edges, Fig. 4 shows magnified sections of the matched two columns moments before the half-elements are seated one on top of the other, with the matching depicted in perspective view, in side view for the outside view, and in longitudinal cross-section, for the first element and the second element, the double clip and the double catch, respectively, and Fig. 5 shows magnified sections of the matched two columns moments before the half-elements are seated one on top of the other, with the matching depicted in perspective view, in side view for the outside view, and in longitudinal cross-section, for the first element and the second element, the double curved clip and the completely empty column, respectively.

[0035] An illustrative retention and seepage plastic box set 1, is composed of two half-elements 2 comprising the base grid 3 and at least six columns 4 drawn from each quarter of the base grid 3 of each half element 2, a total of at least twenty-four columns 4 connected to the base grid 3 on the half element 2, the columns protruding approximately vertically from the base grid 3, and this time there are eight columns 4 in each quarter, and there is a total of thirty-two columns 4 on one half-element 2, which satisfies the previous condition. Column 4 on the side away from the base grid 3 has either the first element 5 or the second element 6 at its end, with the first element 5 and the second element 6 having a matching shape with respect to each other, capable of connecting adjacent half-elements 2 through the columns 4. At least every three, but this time specifically four, which satisfies the condition, of the columns 4 belonging to laterally adjacent quarters on the base grid 3 have respectively the first element 5 in the first of these two adjacent quarters and the second element 6 in the second of these two adjacent quarters, made in the first form, while the remaining columns 4 of both of these quarters are devoid of the second element 6, but only half of those quarters are completely empty, and the other half have an additional first element 5 in the second form, that is, a full flexible arc 5" connecting the edge 8 of the side wall 9 of the end of column 4. All columns 4 of each quarter remain, including the end of column 4 located away from the base grid 3, through-hollow in the middle. The first element 5 is elastic and, having the form of a clip 5',5" drawn from the side wall 9, from the inner side at the end of the column 4, is in the first and second forms, with a memory of the rest position, deformable centrally in the direction to the OS axis of the column 4, while the second element 6 is a non-deformable catch 6' accepting the elastic clip 5' of the first element 5 in the first form, the catch 6' being drawn from the inner side of the side wall 9 at the end of the column 4.

[0036] The columns 4 of the half element 2 are distributed annularly in the openwork base grid 3, at least along the lines of two circles relative to the centre S of the base grid 3, this time along the lines of four circles. Columns 4 arranged in each quarter are located from the columns 4 from laterally and oppositely adjacent quarters, and an empty inspection channel 10 is formed between the columns 4 of adjacent quarters. The column 4 has the shape of a truncated cone, the smaller empty base of which is the end of the column 4. The first element 5, as the clip 5', has the shape of a double protrusion 16 drawn from the side wall 9 of the end of column 4, obliquely in line with the run of the side wall 9 of column 4, while for the first element 5 being the arc 5", perpendicular to the base grid 3, that is, parallel to the OS axis of column 4. The first element 5, as the clip 5', has for the part of the columns 4 a guiding recess 11 and a fastening recess 12 respectively, and for the part of the columns 4, for which it has the shape of the arc 5", the recesses 11, 12 are not used. The protrusions 16 of the first element 5, which is the arc 5", have a common tangent point 13, which is located at the extension of the OS axis of the column 4. The second element 6 as the catch 6' has the shape of a double non- tangent rim 17 drawn from the side wall 9 of the end of the column 4, parallel to the base grid 3, that is, perpendicular to the axis of column 4, while for the first element 5, which is the curved clip 5", perpendicular to the base grid 3, that is, parallel to the OS axis of the column 4. The second element 6 as a catch 6' is the rim 17 in the form of a thickening facing the OS axis of the column 4, in order to match the run of the first element 5, for matching the clip 5', in the form of an uplift of the lower edge of the side wall 9 of the end of the column 4. The second element 6 is the catch 6' which is both a guiding catch 6' and a fastening catch 6' respectively. The clip 5' of the first element 5 is capable of penetrating both the column 4 having the second element 6, that is, the catch 6', as shown in the figure, and is also capable of penetrating the columns 4 lacking any element at their ends. The box set 1 is provided with four walls 14 pinned to the edge 15 of the base grid 3, each wall 14 being fixed in a direction perpendicular to the base grid 3. The base grid 3, and the walls 14 pinned to its edge 15, are openwork. The openwork pieces 7 of the base grid 3 have the shape of arched through-holes guided along the line of a circle centered at the central point S of the base grid 3, respectively, and the openwork pieces 7 of the walls 14 are guided along straight lines. The base grid 3 has the shape of a square with the length of the edge 15 ranging from 0.5m to 1m, this time it is 0.8m. The height of the column 4 of the half-element 2 is 0.33m, resulting in a rectangular-shaped solid with a larger surface area of the base grids 3, which are the bases of the solid, relative to the surface area of the walls 14.

Claims

1. The retention and seepage plastic box set composed of two half-elements comprising the base grid and at least six columns drawn from each quarter of the base grid of each half-element, a total of at least twenty-four columns connected to the base grid on the half-element, protruding approximately vertically from the base grid, wherein the column on the side located away from the base grid has at its end either the first element or the second element, with the first element and the second element having a matching shape with respect to each other capable of connecting adjacent half-elements through columns, characterised in that at least every three of the columns (4) belonging to laterally adjacent quarters on the base grid (3), have the first element (5) in the first of these two adjacent quarters and preferably the second element (6) in the second of these two adjacent quarters respectively, and the remaining columns (4) of both these quarters are devoid of at least the second element (6), with all columns (4) of each quarter remaining, including the end of the column (4) located away from the base grid (3), throughly empty in the middle, and the first element (5) is elastic and, being in the form of a clip (5') drawn from the side wall (9) of the end of the column (4), is, with a memory of its rest position, deformable centrally towards the axis (OS) of the column (4), and the second element (6) is a non-deformable catch (6') receiving the elastic clip (5') of the first element (5), drawn from the inner side wall (9) of the column (4).

2. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 characterised in that the columns (4) of the half-element (2) are distributed annularly in the openwork base grid (3), at least along the lines of two circles with respect to the centre (S) preferably along. the lines of two circles.

3. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the columns (4) distributed in the individual quarters are located away from the columns (4) from laterally and oppositely adjacent quarters, and an empty inspection channel (10) is formed between the columns (4) of the adjacent quarters.

4. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterised in that the column (4) is either a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid, the smaller empty base of which is the end of the column (4).

5. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 characterised in that the first element (5) has the shape of at least a double protrusion (16) drawn from the side wall (9) of the end of the column (4), preferably perpendicular to the base grid (3), i.e. parallel to the axis (OS) of the column (4).

6. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 5, characterised in that the first element (5) is curved.

7. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 5 or 6, characterised in that the first element (5) has a guiding recess (11) and / or a fastening recess (12), respectively.

8. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterised in that the projections (16) of the first element (5) have a common tangent point (13) which, due to their curved shape, is located at the extension of the axis (OS) of the column (4).

9. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1, characterised in that the second element (6) as the catch (6') has the shape of at least a double non-tangent rim (17), leading from the side wall (9) of the end of the column (4) preferably parallel to the base grid (3), i.e. perpendicular to the axis (OS) of the column (4).

10. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 9, characterised in that the second element (6) as the catch (6') is the rim (17) directed towards the axis (OS) of the column (4) in the form of a thickening or uplift of the lower edge of the side wall (9) of the end of the column (4).

11. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 9 or 10, characterised in that the second element (6) is the guiding catch (6') and / or the fastening catch (6') respectively.

12. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1, characterised in that the clip (5') of the first element (5) is capable of being penetrated into the column (4) having the second element (6), namely the catch (6'), and is also capable of being penetrated into the columns (4) devoid of any elements at their ends.

13. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1, characterised in that it is provided with at least one wall (14), up to a maximum of four, pinned to the edge (15) of the base grid (3), each wall (14) being fixed in a direction perpendicular to the base grid (3), with the base grid (3) and / or the wall (14) being openwork.

14. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1 or 13, characterised in that the openwork pieces (7) of the base grid (3) and / or of the walls (14) have the shape of arched through holes guided along the line of a circle with their centre in the central point (S) of the base grid (3) or of the wall (14), respectively.

15. The retention and seepage box set according to claim 1, characterised in that the base grid (3) is square in shape with the length of the edge (15) preferably corresponding to twice the height of the column (4) of the half element (2), preferably between 0.5m and 1m.

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