Method for producing a composite beam and composite beam

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a composite beam (1), in which a wooden component (2) and a concrete component (4) are bonded together at an adhesive surface (5) using an adhesive (6). Groove-like adhesive pockets (7) into which the adhesive (6) is introduced are formed in the concrete component (4). The groove-like adhesive pockets (7) extend with their length (8) in the longitudinal direction (3) and their width, measured transversely to the longitudinal direction (3) and parallel to the adhesive surface (5), is, according to the invention, smaller than the width of the wooden component (2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for producing a composite beam having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and to a composite beam having the features of the preamble of claim 15.

[0002] German patent DE 102 54 043 B4 discloses a method for producing a wood-concrete composite element. In this method, the ribs of a wood component are encased in the concrete of the concrete slab during the construction of a concrete slab. This creates a shear-resistant connection between the wood and concrete components. Once installed, the wood component absorbs tensile forces and the concrete component compressive forces, thus optimally utilizing the mechanical properties of both materials. However, the production of a wood component with a large number of ribs is complex.

[0003] European patent EP 2 787 140 B1 discloses a method for producing a flat ceiling in which a concrete slab and a wooden panel are bonded together by surface bonding. Spacers are placed between the two unbonded components, and the resulting gap between the two components is filled with adhesive.

[0004] From published patent application DE 10 2022 119 756 A1, it is also known to provide a groove-like adhesive pocket in the concrete component that is wider than the wooden component. Spacers are inserted into the adhesive pocket, onto which the wooden component, a wooden beam, is placed. After the wooden beam is placed, the adhesive pocket is filled with adhesive, creating a bond between the wooden and concrete components.

[0005] The object of the invention is to propose an alternative method by which a highly resilient composite beam can be produced in a simple and thus cost-effective manner.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the invention by a method having the features of claim 1. A composite beam according to the invention is claimed in independent claim 15.

[0007] In the method according to the invention for producing a composite beam, a wooden component and a concrete component are bonded together at an adhesive surface to form the composite beam, such that the wooden component rests against the concrete component. The wooden component extends with its largest dimension in a longitudinal direction of the composite beam. In particular, the wooden component is a wooden beam whose length in the longitudinal direction is a multiple of its width and height. The wooden component is in particular cuboid-shaped, with a cover surface which, after bonding, faces the concrete component and in particular rests against it. The cover surface extends longitudinally in the direction of the length of the wooden component and orthogonally thereto in the direction of the width of the wooden component. The height of the wooden component is orthogonal to the cover surface and is in particular greater than the width of the wooden component. The concrete component is in particular a concrete slab.The concrete component is also cuboid-shaped, with a length that runs longitudinally. The length and width of the concrete component define a base area that, after bonding, faces the timber component and against which the timber component rests with its top surface. The height of the concrete component is orthogonal to its base area. The length and width of the concrete component are, in particular, greater than its height.

[0008] Bonding is achieved with an adhesive on the bonding surface formed between the two components. The bonding surface is located in the area where the wooden component and the concrete component lie flat against each other, in particular the top surface of the wooden component to the base surface of the concrete component. Additional mechanical fasteners such as screws to transfer shear stresses acting between the wooden component and the concrete component may be present. The statically effective connection for load transfer is achieved exclusively with the adhesive, in particular exclusively via the bonding surface. The adhesive is not the concrete of the concrete component, but a separate substance.

[0009] An adhesive suitable for bonding the two components to the composite carrier according to the invention and / or in a process according to the invention, which is thus an "adhesive" within the meaning of the invention, has a modulus of elasticity of at least 1000 megapascals and a tensile strength of at least 10 megapascals (determined analogously to DIN EN ISO 527-1:2019-12). In particular, an adhesive within the meaning of the invention has a compressive strength of at least 20 megapascals (determined analogously to DIN EN ISO 604:2003-12). In particular, a two-component epoxy resin adhesive or a polyurethane-based adhesive is an adhesive suitable for the invention. Examples of suitable adhesives are the adhesives currently available on the market under the trade names fischer FIS EM plus, 3M Scotch Weld DP490, or Jowat Epoxidharz 692.30.Such adhesives are suitable for creating an adhesive surface between the concrete component and the timber component that can transmit a bond stress of at least 1.0 megapascals, in particular at least 2.0 megapascals, and in particular 4.0 megapascals (determined analogously to DIN EN 408:2012-10). In contrast, conventional cements and concretes are not adhesives within the meaning of the invention, as they do not possess the required properties and therefore cannot form the necessary high-performance adhesive surface between the concrete component and the timber component.

[0010] The method according to the invention comprises the steps: a) manufacturing and / or providing the concrete component; b) manufacturing and / or providing the timber component; c) joining the timber component and the concrete component, in particular placing the timber component on the concrete component or the concrete component on the timber component; and in particular thereafter: d) introducing an adhesive between the concrete component and the timber component.

[0011] The production of the two components in steps a) and b) can be carried out independently and spatially separated from one another in a manufacturing plant, for example, a precast concrete plant, a joinery center, or a carpentry shop. The components are thus manufactured under optimized and standardized conditions, ensuring that even high quality requirements can be met. Furthermore, the components can be manufactured using standardized and, if advantageous, at least partially automated processes, which enables fast and cost-effective production. However, it is also possible for both components, or in particular only one of the components, especially the wooden component, to be manufactured on site.Regardless of where the two components are manufactured, they are provided prefabricated for the subsequent steps so that the two components can be brought together, in particular placed on top of each other, in step c). For example, the wooden component can be placed on top of the concrete component, or the concrete component on top of the wooden component. "Placement" here means that one component is placed on top of the other component from above, in the direction of gravity. Joining is generally also possible by horizontal or diagonal joining. However, it is preferred that one component is placed on top of the other component, in particular the concrete component on top of the wooden component. Placement can also take place in a manufacturing plant, where suitable equipment such as forklifts or cranes are usually available.Alternatively, the installation can also take place on a construction site, which simplifies the transport of the components from the respective manufacturing plant to the construction site.

[0012] According to the invention, at least one groove-like adhesive pocket is formed in the wooden component and / or the concrete component. The adhesive is introduced into this adhesive pocket in step d). The length of the groove-like adhesive pocket extends longitudinally. The width of the adhesive pocket, which is in particular smaller than the length of the adhesive pocket, runs transversely to the longitudinal direction and parallel to the adhesive surface. The width of the adhesive pocket is also smaller than the width of the wooden component, in particular at least 6 millimeters smaller and preferably at least 10 millimeters smaller. "Parallel to the adhesive surface" here refers to the adhesive surface formed by the adhesive introduced into the at least one adhesive pocket. Due to its groove-like design, the groove-like adhesive pocket has an adhesive pocket base, whereby the groove-like adhesive pocket defines a volume for the adhesive.The volume limitation in the adhesive pocket is thus defined in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive pocket, in the width direction of the adhesive pocket, and in a depth direction of the adhesive pocket, which is determined by the depth of the adhesive pocket base. Thus, the groove-like adhesive pocket is not merely an opening in the timber component and / or the concrete component.

[0013] The advantage of the inventive design of the adhesive pocket is that the amount of adhesive required is significantly reduced compared to prior art solutions. Furthermore, multiple adhesive surfaces can be arranged between the two components at defined locations for optimized structural fit. Forming only one adhesive surface over large, potentially less stressed areas for purely structural or manufacturing reasons is no longer necessary. This allows for the simple and cost-effective production of load-bearing composite beams.

[0014] According to the invention, a plurality of adhesive pockets can therefore also be provided, in particular one adhesive pocket or several adhesive pockets on the concrete component and one adhesive pocket or several adhesive pockets on the wooden component. It is preferred that a plurality of adhesive pockets are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction and spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction, in particular at least on one of the two components. If a plurality of adhesive pockets are formed, the adhesive introduced into the respective adhesive pocket forms an adhesive surface in the region of the respective adhesive pocket. The plurality of adhesive surfaces forms the bond.

[0015] Preferably, the concrete part and / or the wooden component has at least one adhesive filling opening through which the adhesive is introduced into the one adhesive pocket. Furthermore, the concrete component or the wooden component has at least one adhesive outlet opening to which adhesive flows from the adhesive filling opening through the recess in step d). If multiple adhesive pockets are present, each of the adhesive pockets has, in particular, at least one adhesive filling opening and at least one adhesive outlet opening, allowing the adhesive pockets to be formed flat.This design allows the amount of adhesive to be reduced because, by creating multiple adhesive pockets arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction, the adhesive only has to flow a short distance from the adhesive filler opening to the adhesive outlet opening, and flat, statically unnecessary bonding to introduce the adhesive into the relevant areas is not necessary. Because the adhesive pockets can be made short in relation to the length of the two components, even a small pressure drop between the adhesive filler opening and the adhesive outlet opening is sufficient to introduce the adhesive even into a narrow gap between the two components. For good handling, the adhesive filler opening and / or the adhesive outlet opening have a diameter of at least 4 millimeters.

[0016] A pressure gradient sufficient to fill the adhesive pocket between the adhesive filler opening and the adhesive outlet opening can be achieved simply by using a correspondingly flowable adhesive, simply by varying the fill levels in the two adhesive openings. In particular, a negative pressure can be applied to the adhesive outlet opening, for example, by attaching a suction device to the adhesive outlet opening. The negative pressure thus created increases the pressure gradient, which facilitates the flow of the adhesive between the adhesive filler opening and the adhesive outlet opening.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least one adhesive pocket is arranged in the wooden component such that the concrete component completely covers this adhesive pocket. For example, the adhesive pocket is milled into the top surface of the wooden component using a surface milling machine. In particular, several adhesive pockets are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction in the wooden component, all of which are completely covered by the concrete component. In particular, all adhesive pockets of the composite beam are arranged in the wooden component such that the concrete component has a flat base surface as a contact surface for the wooden component. The concrete component can preferably have one or more elevations which are located in the at least one adhesive pocket or the several adhesive pockets in steps c) and d).These raised portions reduce the volume between the two components that needs to be filled with adhesive, thus reducing the required amount of adhesive, which saves costs. Furthermore, if step d) is performed before step c) and adhesive has been introduced into an adhesive pocket in the wooden component before the concrete component is placed, the raised portions can reduce the volume available for the adhesive between the two components in the area of ​​the adhesive pocket. This means that the adhesive is pressed against the concrete component due to the reduced volume when the components are brought together, which increases the bond during bonding. Furthermore, the raised portions can improve force transmission between the concrete component and the wooden component.

[0018] In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least one adhesive pocket is arranged in the concrete component such that the wooden component completely covers this adhesive pocket. In particular, the coverage in the width direction is the same on both sides of the adhesive pocket, for example 5 millimeters if the wooden component is 10 millimeters wider than the adhesive pocket across its entire width. In particular, several adhesive pockets are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction in the concrete component, all of which are completely covered by the wooden component, i.e., both in their width and their length. In particular, all adhesive pockets of the composite beam are arranged in the concrete component such that the wooden component has a flat cover surface as a contact surface for the concrete component.

[0019] The at least one adhesive pocket is preferably formed during the production of the concrete component using an insert that can be removed after the concrete has hardened. If multiple adhesive pockets are provided in the concrete component, multiple inserts can be used. These inserts are removed after the concrete has hardened, leaving the adhesive pockets as negatives. This allows the adhesive pocket(s) to be produced reliably, simply, and cost-effectively.

[0020] If the adhesive filling opening is located in the concrete component, it is preferably formed during the concrete component's production process using a mandrel that can be removed after the concrete has hardened. If the adhesive outlet opening is located in the concrete component, it can also be formed during the concrete component's production process using a mandrel that can be removed after the concrete has hardened. This allows an adhesive filling opening or an adhesive outlet opening to be created simply, cost-effectively, and reliably during the concreting of the concrete component.

[0021] If an insert and / or an insert mandrel is used to form an adhesive pocket or an adhesive filling opening or an adhesive outlet opening, the insert and / or the insert mandrel preferably has a trapezoidal cross-section and, in particular, a conical or truncated pyramid-shaped outer surface, with the outer surface widening outward toward the base or cover surface. This allows the insert or insert mandrel to be easily removed after concreting.

[0022] In particular, an insert part and two insertion mandrels are formed in one piece as an insert element, so that only one part has to be inserted into a formwork for the concrete component for an adhesive pocket and its associated adhesive filling and adhesive outlet openings, which simplifies the production of the concrete component.

[0023] Furthermore, it is preferred that the wooden component and the concrete component are clamped together by means of fastening elements before, during, or after the introduction of the adhesive in step d), in particular by means of wood screws that are inserted through screw openings in the concrete component and screwed into the wooden component. The fastening elements are generally not intended to absorb shear stresses between the two components and are removed again, in particular after the adhesive has cured.

[0024] In particular, before joining the two components in step c), and especially, if this is done, before clamping the two components, a seal is arranged around the adhesive pocket or, in the case of multiple adhesive pockets, around each of the adhesive pockets. This seal prevents the adhesive from escaping from the adhesive pocket between the wooden component and the concrete component in step d). The seal can be a sealing tape or a sealing profile and / or can be applied as a pasty, hardening sealant around the adhesive pocket(s).

[0025] Furthermore, it is preferred that the wooden component or the concrete component has a positioning pin, and the other component has a positioning opening corresponding to the positioning pin, and that in step c), the positioning pin and the positioning opening engage during joining. This ensures that the two components are positioned correctly relative to each other after joining. Complex readjustment and repositioning are not necessary.

[0026] The adhesive pocket is preferably at least 1 millimeter deep, in particular at least 2 millimeters. In particular, the adhesive pocket is designed such that the adhesive layer is a maximum of 25 millimeters thick, in particular a maximum of 20 millimeters thick, with the thickness being measured perpendicular to the top surface of the wooden component.

[0027] It is also preferred that the beam is at least 6 millimeters, in particular at least 10 millimeters, wider than the adhesive pocket. The adhesive pocket is in particular at least 40 millimeters wide. The adhesive pocket is preferably a maximum of 2000 millimeters, in particular a maximum of 1000 millimeters, preferably a maximum of 600 millimeters, in particular a maximum of 400 millimeters long, with the adhesive pocket being a minimum of 40 millimeters long. Such an adhesive pocket can be easily produced by means of an insert in the concrete component or by milling it out in a wooden component. If several adhesive pockets are present, each of these adhesive pockets in particular has such dimensions.

[0028] In particular, all adhesive pockets have the same dimensions, which ensures a reliable manufacturing process. Especially when the adhesive pockets are arranged in the concrete component, inserts and mandrels of the same size can be used for adhesive pockets with identical dimensions. This eliminates the risk of mix-ups and thus incorrectly sized adhesive pockets or even an incorrectly sized adhesive surface.

[0029] The composite beam according to the invention, which is produced in particular using the inventive method described above, comprises a wooden component whose largest dimension extends in a longitudinal direction, and a concrete component. The wooden component is in particular a wooden beam and the concrete component is in particular a concrete slab. The two components are bonded to one another at an adhesive surface using an adhesive to form the composite beam. According to the invention, a plurality of adhesive pockets arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction and spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction are formed in the wooden component and / or in the concrete component, each of which is filled with adhesive to form a respective adhesive surface. The width of the adhesive pockets, measured transversely to the longitudinal direction and parallel to the adhesive surface, is in each case smaller than the width of the wooden component.

[0030] The features and combinations of features, embodiments and refinements of the invention mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or drawn in a figure can be used not only in the respective combination specified or drawn, but also in principle in any other combinations or individually. Embodiments of the invention are possible that do not have all the features of a dependent claim. Individual features of a claim can also be replaced by other disclosed features or combinations of features. Embodiments of the invention that do not have all the features of the embodiments or a combination of features of the embodiments are possible.

[0031] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to three embodiments shown in the drawing.

[0032] They show: Figure 1 shows a first composite beam according to the invention in a longitudinal section; Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of area II of the Figure 1 ; Figure 3 shows a plan view of the first composite beam according to the invention; Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the first composite beam according to the invention in section IV - IV of Figure 3 ; Figure 5 shows a formwork table for producing the concrete component of the composite beam according to the invention in a plan view; Figure 6 shows the formwork table of the Figure 5 in a longitudinal section; Figure 7 shows an insert in a side view; Figure 8 shows the parts of the first composite carrier according to the invention during the introduction of the adhesive in step d) in a longitudinal section; Figure 9 shows an enlarged view of the area IX of the Figure 8 ; Figure 10 parts of a second composite carrier according to the invention during the introduction of the adhesive in step d) in a longitudinal section; Figure 11 an enlarged view of the area XI of the Figure 10; Figure 12 shows a section through the components of a third composite carrier according to the invention in the region of an adhesive pocket before step c); and Figure 13 shows the section through the components of the third composite carrier according to the invention in the region of the adhesive pocket after step c).

[0033] In the Figures 1 to 41 shows a first composite beam 1 according to the invention, which was manufactured using a method according to the invention. The composite beam 1 consists of two wooden beams as wooden components 2, onto which a concrete slab as concrete component 4 has been placed. The wooden components 2 have identical dimensions and extend with their largest dimension, their length 12, in a longitudinal direction 3 of the composite beam 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the two wooden components 2 are cuboid-shaped with a length 12 of 3 meters, a width 11 of 20 centimeters and a height 13 of 14 centimeters. The concrete component 4 also has a length 15 of 3 meters, a width 14 of 1.2 meters and a thickness 16 of 10 centimeters. One wooden component 2 in each case is glued to the concrete component 4 to form the composite beam 1 at five identical adhesive surfaces 5 using an adhesive 6. For this purpose, a total of ten adhesive pockets 7 are formed in the concrete component 4, five for each wooden component 2.The five adhesive pockets 7, each provided for a wooden component 2, are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction 3 and spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction 3. Each of the adhesive pockets 7 is filled with adhesive 6 to form a respective adhesive surface 5. The adhesive pockets 7 have identical dimensions, namely a length 8 of 40 centimeters, a width 9 of 16 centimeters, and a depth 10 of 10 millimeters. As can be seen particularly in the . Figures 3 and 4As can be seen, the width 9 of the adhesive pockets 7, measured parallel to the adhesive surface 5, is smaller than the width 11 of the wooden component 2, so that the wooden components 2 completely cover the adhesive pockets 7. In addition, ten adhesive filler openings 17 and ten adhesive outlet openings 18 are arranged in the concrete component 4, one adhesive filler opening 17 and one adhesive outlet opening 18 at each adhesive pocket 7, each in the region of opposite longitudinal ends of the respective adhesive pocket 7. The adhesive filler openings 17 and the adhesive outlet openings 18 are at least partially filled with adhesive 6 after the production of the composite beam 1 according to the invention, completely in the exemplary embodiment.

[0034] To produce the composite beam 1, in a first step a) the concrete component 4 is manufactured in a precast concrete plant, as described in the Figures 5 and 6is shown. In these figures, a formwork table 29 is shown, the internal dimensions of which correspond to the length 15 and width 14 of the concrete component 4. Insert elements 31 are placed on the floor of the formwork table 29, which, during concreting, are located in the areas in which the adhesive pockets 7, adhesive filling openings 17 and adhesive outlet openings 18 are provided in the finished concrete component 4. In Figure 7An insert element 31 is shown enlarged: It consists of an insert part 20 with a flat, approximately cuboid-shaped base body, the edges of which are trapezoidally beveled in cross-section. The outer dimensions of the insert part 20 correspond to the inner dimensions of the adhesive pocket 7. Two truncated cone-shaped insert mandrels 21 are integral with the insert part 20, the outer dimensions of which correspond to the inner dimensions of the adhesive filling opening 17 and the adhesive outlet opening 18. The height of the insert elements 31 in the exemplary embodiment corresponds to the thickness 16 of the concrete component 4, but can also be higher. As shown in the Figures 5 and 6As can be seen, concrete 30 has been poured into the formwork table 29 to the desired height. After the concrete 30 has hardened, the concrete component 4 is removed from the formwork table 29 and the insert elements 31 are removed from the concrete component 4, so that the concrete component 4 with the groove-like adhesive pockets 7, adhesive filling openings 17, and adhesive outlet openings 18 is finished.

[0035] Before, at the same time or after, in order to produce the composite beam 1, the two timber components 2 are manufactured and provided as timber beams in a further step b), for example by a carpentry shop which delivers them to a manufacturing plant in which the composite element is manufactured or to the construction site.

[0036] In the next step c) of the method according to the invention, the two wooden components 2 and the concrete component 4 are brought together by placing the concrete component 4 on top of the two wooden components 2 so that the two wooden components 2 completely cover the adhesive pockets 7. Before placement, a circumferential, self-contained bead of sealing adhesive (not shown) was applied around each adhesive pocket 7 to the base surface 28 of the concrete component 4. The sealing adhesive does not perform a static function, but serves solely for sealing in order to prevent adhesive 6 from escaping uncontrollably from an adhesive pocket 7 in the next step.

[0037] In the next step d) of the method according to the invention, adhesive 6 is filled into one of the adhesive pockets 7 between the concrete component 4 and one of the wooden components 2, as shown in Figure 8 and enlarged in Figure 9is shown. For this purpose, a funnel 26 is arranged at an adhesive filler opening 17, through which funnel 26 a previously mixed, liquid two-component epoxy resin is poured as adhesive 6 through the adhesive filler opening 17 into the adhesive pocket 7 until the adhesive 6 exits again through the adhesive outlet opening 18, which then indicates that the adhesive pocket 7 is filled with adhesive 6 as planned. This is now repeated for all adhesive pockets 7 until all adhesive pockets 7 are filled with adhesive 6. After the adhesive 6 has hardened, the composite carrier 1 according to the invention is finished. The invention provides in particular that the adhesive pockets 7 are completely filled with adhesive 6. However, it is also not excluded that the filling is not entirely complete, because, for example, air bubbles remain in edge areas. Provided an appropriate design, this can be tolerated.

[0038] In the Figures 10 to 13 Alternative processes or alternative composite beams are shown. To avoid repetition, only the differences are discussed below. The same reference numerals are used for identical parts.

[0039] In the Figures 10 and 11It can be seen that the adhesive pockets 7 are not arranged in the base surface 28 of the concrete component 4, but in the cover surface 27 of the wooden component 2, while the adhesive filler and outlet openings 17, 18 are still arranged in the concrete component 4. The adhesive pockets 7 were milled into the wooden component 2 using a router (not shown). The concrete component 4 is thus a cuboid-shaped plate with a flat base surface 28. However, screw openings 23 are arranged in the concrete component 4, into which screws are inserted as fastening elements 22. The screws rest with their heads on the outer side of the concrete component 4 facing away from the wooden component 2 and are screwed into the wooden component 2 with their thread, so that by tightening the screws the wooden component 2 is clamped against the concrete component 4, which improves the sealing around the adhesive pockets 7 and the contact of the two components 2, 4 with one another.The screw openings 23 can be created by appropriate inserts during the manufacture of the concrete component 4, as described above for the manufacture of the adhesive pockets 7 and the adhesive filling and outlet openings 17, 18 in the concrete component 4. Alternatively, the screw openings 23 can be drilled into the hardened concrete 30.

[0040] The Figures 12 and 13 show a method in which the introduction of the adhesive 6 (step d) takes place before the joining of the wooden component 2 and the concrete component 4 (step c). For this purpose, the adhesive 6 is introduced into the adhesive pocket 7, which, as in the embodiment of the Figures 10 and 11 , is arranged in the area of ​​the cover surface 27 of the wooden component 2. As in Figure 12As can be seen, the adhesive pocket 7 is not completely filled, but only two-thirds filled with adhesive 6. For this purpose, a cuboid-shaped elevation 19 is formed on the base surface 28 of the concrete component 4, which is slightly smaller than the adhesive pocket 7 and which can be completely absorbed by the adhesive pocket 7. If the concrete component 4 is now placed on the wooden component 2, as shown in Figure 13As can be seen, the elevation 19 partially fills the adhesive pocket 7 and displaces the adhesive 6 filled into the adhesive pocket 7 in such a way that the adhesive 6 is arranged over the entire surface between the concrete component 4 and the wooden component 2. In order for the elevation 19 to reach the corresponding adhesive pocket 7 when the two components 2, 4 are brought together, positioning pins 24 are arranged on the wooden component 2, which engage in corresponding positioning openings 25 in the concrete component 4. The positioning pins 24 are made of steel and are driven like nails into the cover surface 27 of the wooden component 2, while the positioning openings 25 were formed by corresponding inserts during the manufacture of the concrete component 4.

[0041] The method according to the invention, presented here using three examples, allows for the simple and cost-effective production of high-performance composite beams 1. The method is characterized by very simple work steps that can be flexibly adapted to specific requirements. Thus, the production of a composite beam 1 can be carried out entirely in a dedicated manufacturing facility or, alternatively, on a construction site. List of reference symbols Method for producing a composite beam and composite beam

[0042] 1 Composite beam 2 Timber component 3 Longitudinal direction 4 Concrete component 5 Adhesive surface 6 Adhesive 7 Adhesive pocket 8 Length of adhesive pocket 7 9 Width of adhesive pocket 7 10 Depth of adhesive pocket 7 11 Width of timber component 2 12 Length of timber component 2 13 Height of timber component 2 14 Width of concrete component 4 15 Length of concrete component 4 16 Thickness of concrete component 4 17 Adhesive filling opening 18 Adhesive outlet opening 19 Elevation 20 Insert 21 Insert mandrel 22 Fastening element 23 Screw opening 24 Positioning mandrel 25 Positioning opening 26 Funnel 27 Top surface of timber component 2 28 Base surface of concrete component 4 29Formwork table 30Concrete 31Insert element

Claims

1. A method for producing a composite beam (1), in which a wooden component (2) extending with its largest dimension in a longitudinal direction (3), in particular a wooden beam, and a concrete component (4), in particular a concrete slab, are bonded to one another at an adhesive surface (5) with an adhesive (6) to form the composite beam (1), comprising the steps of: a) producing and / or providing the concrete component (4); b) producing and / or providing the wooden component (2); c) joining the wooden component (2) and the concrete component (4); and d) introducing an adhesive (6) between the concrete component (4) and the wooden component (2), characterized in thatat least one groove-like adhesive pocket (7) is formed in the wooden component (2) and / or in the concrete component (4), into which the adhesive (6) is introduced in step d), which extends with its length (8) in the longitudinal direction (3), and whose width (9) measured transversely to the longitudinal direction (3) and parallel to the adhesive surface (5) is smaller than the width (11) of the wooden component (2).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete component (4) and / or the wooden component (2) has at least one adhesive filling opening (17) through which the adhesive (6) is introduced into the one adhesive pocket (7), and that the concrete component (4) and / or the wooden component (2) has at least one adhesive outlet opening (18) to which adhesive (6) flows from the adhesive filling opening (17) through the adhesive pocket (7) in step d).

3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in thatat least one adhesive pocket (7) is arranged in the wooden component (2) and that the concrete component (4) completely covers this adhesive pocket (7).

4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the concrete component (4) has a raised portion (19) which, in steps c) and d), lies in the at least one adhesive pocket (7), but only partially fills this adhesive pocket (7).

5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one adhesive pocket (7) is arranged in the concrete component (4) and that the wooden component (2) completely covers this adhesive pocket (7).

6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one adhesive pocket (7) is formed during the manufacture of the concrete component (4) by an insert (20) which can be removed after the concrete has hardened.

7. Method according to claim 2, characterized in thatthe adhesive filling opening (17) is arranged in the concrete component (4) and is formed during the manufacture of the concrete component (4) by an insertion mandrel (21) which can be removed after the concrete has hardened and / or the adhesive outlet opening (18) is arranged in the concrete component (4) and is formed during the manufacture of the concrete component (4) by an insertion mandrel (21) which can be removed after the concrete has hardened.

8. Method according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the insert part (20) and / or the insert mandrel (21) has a trapezoidal cross-section, and in particular a conical or truncated pyramid-shaped outer surface.

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe wooden component (2) and the concrete component (4) are clamped together by means of fastening elements (22) before, during or after the introduction of the adhesive (6) in step d), in particular by means of wood screws which are pushed through screw openings (23) in the concrete component (4) through the concrete component (4) and screwed into the wooden component (2).

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wooden component (2) or the concrete component (4) has a positioning mandrel (24) and the other component has a positioning opening (25) corresponding to the positioning mandrel (24), and that in step c) the positioning mandrel (24) and the positioning opening (25) engage with one another.

11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe adhesive pocket (7) is at least 1 millimeter deep, in particular at least 2 millimeters, in particular the adhesive pocket (7) is designed such that the adhesive (6) is at most 25 millimeters, in particular at most 20 millimeters thick.

12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wooden component (2) is at least 6 millimetres, in particular at least 10 millimetres wider than the adhesive pocket (7).

13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive pocket (7) is a maximum of 600 millimetres, in particular a maximum of 400 millimetres long.

14. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several adhesive pockets (7) are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction (3) and spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction (3).

15. Composite beam (1) comprising a wooden component (2) which extends with its largest dimension in a longitudinal direction (3), in particular a wooden beam, and a concrete component (4), in particular a concrete slab, which are glued together at an adhesive surface (5) with an adhesive (6) to form the composite beam (1), characterized in that in the wooden component (2) and / or in the concrete component (4) a plurality of adhesive pockets (7) are formed which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction (3) and spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction (3), all of which are filled with adhesive (6) to form the adhesive surface (5), and in that the width (9) of the adhesive pockets (7) measured transversely to the longitudinal direction (3) and parallel to the adhesive surface (5) is in each case smaller than the width (11) of the wooden component (2).

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