Lamp for a vehicle

Abstract

Lamp (1) for a vehicle, which lamp (1) comprises an image sensor (2), a projection system (3) and an adaptive aperture device (4), wherein the aperture device (4) has a first opening (5) in a first plane (6) and a second opening (7) in a second plane (8) along the beam path, wherein in operation of the lamp (1) a beam (20) is reduced to a first part of the beam through the first opening (5) and this first part is reduced to a residual part of the beam (20) through the second opening (7), wherein the first opening (5) in the first plane (6) and the second opening (7) in the second plane (8) are displaceable relative to each other.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a lamp for a vehicle, which lamp has an image sensor and a projection system, wherein segmented light from the image sensor can be emitted as a beam along a beam path during operation of the lamp, wherein a beam emitted during operation is at least partially projected in front of the lamp as a segmented light distribution via the projection system, wherein an adaptive aperture device is arranged along the beam path, through which the beam is partially blocked during operation, so that a variable residual portion of the beam passes through the aperture device.

[0002] A comparable luminaire is known, for example, from DE102019118264A1. This patent describes a lighting device for a motor vehicle. This lighting device is specifically designed as a high-resolution headlight and includes an aperture diaphragm with a variable opening width to adapt the image quality and illuminance to different requirements. An iris diaphragm is proposed as a possible design for the aperture diaphragm. An iris diaphragm is a known design of aperture diaphragm. Such an iris diaphragm typically comprises a multitude of movable components that allow for a change in the opening width via a complex mechanism. However, the practical implementation of such an aperture diaphragm, in the form of an iris diaphragm, is associated with high costs.

[0003] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a light for a vehicle which overcomes at least the aforementioned disadvantage.

[0004] The problem is solved with a luminaire of the type mentioned above, wherein the aperture device has a first opening in a first plane and a second opening in a second plane along the beam path, wherein in operation the beam is reduced by the first opening to a first part of the beam and this first part is reduced by the second opening to the remaining part of the beam, wherein the first opening in the first plane and the second opening in the second plane are movable relative to each other.

[0005] An "opening" here refers to an opening with respect to light. This means that, at least in the immediate vicinity of the opening, no light passes through the plane, but light can pass through the opening itself. As a result, the beam of light is reduced to a first component upon passing through the first plane and thus through the first opening. This first component is then reduced to the remaining component of the beam upon passing through the second plane and thus through the second opening. The first component and the remaining component of the beam can refer to the respective luminous flux of the beam along the path of the light rays in each plane.

[0006] By shifting the first and second openings in their respective planes relative to each other, the remaining portion of the beam passing through the aperture device can be varied without having to resort to complicated mechanics.

[0007] It can be advantageous to provide that the first opening and the second opening are geometrically similar, preferably geometrically congruent.

[0008] To simplify the implementation of the adaptive aperture device in the luminaire, it can be provided that the first opening is symmetrical along a first axis of symmetry and the second opening is symmetrical along a second axis of symmetry.

[0009] It can be advantageous if the first opening has a first opening center with a first opening radius and a second opening center with a second opening radius, and the second opening has a third opening center with a third opening radius and a fourth opening center with a fourth opening radius, wherein the first opening radius is equal to the third opening radius and the second opening radius is equal to the fourth opening radius, wherein the first opening radius is larger than the second opening radius, and wherein the first opening center and the second opening center are arranged on the first axis of symmetry and the third opening center and the fourth opening center are arranged on the second axis of symmetry.

[0010] Advantageously, the projection system may comprise at least three optical lenses, preferably five optical lenses, wherein the first plane and the second plane are located in the beam path after the first lens, or preferably between the third lens and the fourth lens.

[0011] Advantageously, the first level and the second level are aligned parallel to each other.

[0012] To increase the influence of the adaptive aperture device on the projected segmented light distribution, the first plane and the second plane can be aligned at an angle to each other.

[0013] Advantageously, the first opening and the second opening are arranged on a film, the film being guided over at least one deflection roller along the first and second planes, the film being movable via an actuator, so that the first opening in the first plane and the second opening in the second plane can be moved relative to each other simultaneously via the actuator.

[0014] The remaining portion of the beam can be varied particularly easily if the foil is pre-tensioned at a first end by a spring and connected to the actuator at a second end of the foil opposite the first end.

[0015] Alternatively, the foil can be designed to be self-contained.

[0016] Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a light.

[0017] The invention is illustrated below with the aid of exemplary and non-limiting figures. These figures show Fig. 1 a representation of a light fixture, Fig. 2 a cross-sectional view of a light fixture, Fig. 3a schematically a film with a first opening and a second opening, Fig. 3b A schematic cross-sectional view through the film, Fig. 4a bis Fig. 4d Possible designs of the adaptive aperture device with a film, Fig. 5a und Fig. 5b a first position of the adaptive aperture device, as well as the resulting residual fraction of a beam of radiation and Fig. 6a und Fig. 6b a second position of the adaptive aperture device, as well as the resulting residual fraction of a beam of radiation. Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a light source 1. This light source 1 has an image transmitter 2, shown in Figure 2. Fig. 2 , and a projection system 3. The projection system 3 is mounted in a holder 30, which holder 30 can be connected to a support 31. The support 31 can be designed as a heat sink. Furthermore, the image sensor 2 can be arranged on the support 31.

[0018] As in Fig. 2 As shown, when the luminaire 1 is in operation, the image sensor 2 emits segmented light as a beam 20 along a beam path. The operation of the luminaire 1 is therefore determined by whether light is emitted by the image sensor 2. That is, the luminaire 1 is in operation when light is emitted by the image sensor 2. The beam path defines a path with a direction, which path originates from the image sensor 2. In this case, the path coincides with the optical axis X of the projection system 3. The image sensor 2 can comprise a matrix with a large number of LED light sources, which can be individually controlled to emit segmented light as a beam 20. The matrix can consist of several thousand LED light sources.The image generator 2 can also include known alternative modulation techniques, such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or a DMD (Digital Mirror Device), to emit segmented light as a beam 20.

[0019] During operation of the luminaire 1, this beam 20 is at least partially projected in front of the luminaire 1 as a segmented light distribution via the projection system 3. The projection system 3 can have several lenses 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e and is arranged along the beam path. For example, the projection system 3 has at least three lenses 3a, 3c, 3e. As shown, the projection system 3 preferably has five lenses 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e.

[0020] The luminaire 1 has an adaptive aperture device 4, which is arranged along the beam path and can be mounted in the holder 30, just like the projection system 3. During operation of the luminaire 1, this aperture device 4 blocks at least part of the beam 20 emanating from the image sensor 2. As a result, a residual portion of the beam 20 passes through the aperture device 4.

[0021] The aperture device 4 has a first opening 5 in a first plane 6 and a second opening 7 in a second plane 8 along the beam path. Both the first plane 6 and the second plane 8 are preferably perpendicular to the optical axis X of the projection system 3. Light can pass through the openings 5 ​​and 7 during operation. At least in the immediate vicinity of the openings 5 ​​and 7 in the respective planes 6 and 8, the light is blocked. Thus, during operation of the luminaire 1, the beam 20 is reduced to a first component as it passes through the first plane and therefore through the first opening 5, and subsequently, this first component is reduced to a remaining component as it passes through the second plane 8 and therefore through the second opening 7.Since the first opening 5 in the first plane 6 and the second opening 7 in the second plane 8 are movable relative to each other, an adaptive aperture device 4 is created, by which the remaining fraction of the beam 20 can be varied. Details are given in the figure description. Fig. 5b und Fig. 6b shown. The first part of the beam and the remaining part of the beam 20 can refer to the respective luminous flux of the beam 20 according to the respective plane 6, 8 along the beam path.

[0022] The first plane 6 and the second plane 8 are preferably located, as shown, in the beam path between the third lens 3c and the fourth lens 3d of the projection system 3.

[0023] The first opening 5 and the second opening 7 can be arranged on movable, light-absorbing plates. These plates are then arranged accordingly in the first plane 6 and the second plane 8, respectively. Preferably, however, the first opening 5 and the second opening 7 are arranged on a film 9.

[0024] The first opening 5 and the second opening 7 can be geometrically similar and are preferably geometrically congruent, as in Fig. 3a depicted.

[0025] The first opening 5 can be symmetrical along a first axis of symmetry 53 and the second opening 7 can be symmetrical along a second axis of symmetry 73.

[0026] The first opening 5 and / or the second opening 7 can have oval shapes. Elliptical or other non-circular shapes are also possible.

[0027] The first opening 5 and the second opening 6 are preferred, as shown in Fig. 3a The first opening 5 has a first opening center 51m with a first opening radius 51r and a second opening center 52m with a second opening radius 52r. Furthermore, the second opening 7 has a third opening center 71m with a third opening radius 71r and a fourth opening center 72m with a fourth opening radius 72r. The first opening radius 51r is equal to the third opening radius 71r and the second opening radius 52r is equal to the fourth opening radius 72r, wherein the first opening radius 51r is larger than the second opening radius 52r and wherein the first opening center 51m and the second opening center 52m are located on the first axis of symmetry 53 and the third opening center 71m and the fourth opening center 72m are located on the second axis of symmetry 73.

[0028] As in Fig. 3a As shown, openings 5 ​​and 7 can be arranged on a common sheet 9. This sheet 9 has a first end 9a and a second end 9b opposite the first end 9a. Between the first end 9a and the second end 9b of the sheet 9 are the first opening 5 and the second opening 7. The sheet 9 has, as shown in Fig. 3b The diagram shows a specific thickness D between a first foil side 9c and a second foil side 9d opposite the first foil side 9c. This thickness D can be 0.2 mm.

[0029] The film 9 preferably exhibits a temperature resistance between -40 °C and +95 °C. Furthermore, the film 9 is preferably made of a material that is essentially completely light-absorbing. The film 9 can be formed as a composite film with woven fibers, for example textile fibers, in order to achieve a specific tear resistance.

[0030] The Figuren 4a bis 4d The figures show cross-sectional views of different versions of the adaptive aperture device 4 with a film 9, whereby the remaining elements of the luminaire 1 are not shown for clarity. In the versions shown, the film 9 can be moved via an actuator 12, whereby the first opening 5 in the first plane 6 and the second opening 7 in the second plane 8 can be moved relative to each other simultaneously via the actuator 12.

[0031] Fig. 4a Figure 1 shows a first possible embodiment of the aperture device 4 with a film 9. The film 9 is guided along the first plane 6 and the second plane 8 via a deflection roller 10, so that the second side of the film 9d is partially opposite itself. At the first end 9a, the film 9 is pre-tensioned by a spring 13, and at the second end 9b, the film 9 is connected to the actuator 12.

[0032] Fig. 4b Figure 1 shows a second possible embodiment of the aperture device 4 with a film 9. In this embodiment, the aperture device 4 also has a deflection roller 10 and an actuator 12. In this embodiment, the film 9 is self-contained. As in the embodiment according to Figure 1, the aperture device 4 also has a deflection roller 10 and an actuator 12. Fig. 4a The second foil side 9d is partially facing itself. Furthermore, two tension rollers 11 are shown, which allow a defined distance A between the two opposing second foil sides 9d. This distance A can be between 0.1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.

[0033] Fig. 4c Figure 1 shows a third possible embodiment of the aperture device 4 with a foil 9, in which no tension rollers 11 are provided.

[0034] In the explanations following Fig. 4a bis 4c The first plane 6 and the second plane 8 are aligned parallel to each other. Accordingly, the folio 9 is guided in this manner, so that the first aperture 5 in the first plane 6 and the second aperture 7 in the second plane 8 can be moved. Both the first plane 6 and the second plane 8 can be moved perpendicular to the optical axis X of the projection system 3 (see figure). Fig. 2 , Fig. 5b und Fig. 6b ) be aligned.

[0035] It can be advantageous to align the first plane 6 and the second plane 8 at an angle of 14° to each other. Such a design is in Fig. 4d shown in which two deflection pulleys 10 are provided. Fig. 4d This shows a fourth embodiment of the aperture device 4 with a film 9. The film 9, and thus the first aperture 5, is guided along the first plane 6 and the second aperture 7 along the second plane 8 by the two deflection rollers 10, with the first plane 6 and the second plane 8 being aligned at an angle 14 to each other. The angle 14 can be, for example, between 0.1° and 45°. With respect to the orientation to the optical axis X of the projection system 3, either the first plane 6 or the second plane 8 can be oriented perpendicular to this optical axis X.

[0036] Fig. 5a shows a top view of the aperture device 4 in its third embodiment from the perspective of the image sensor 2, wherein the geometries of the first aperture 5 and the second aperture 7 are shown according to the in Fig. 3a The aperture device 4 is in a first position. In this first position, the first aperture center 51m and the third aperture center 71m coincide with the optical axis X of the projection system 3.

[0037] In Fig. 5b The reduction of the beam 20 resulting from the first position of the aperture device 4 is shown. A beam 20 originates from the image sensor 2 along a beam path, passing through the first lens 3a, the second lens 3b, and the third lens 3d of the projection system 3. The aperture device 4 is arranged between the third lens 3c and the fourth lens 3d of the projection system 3. The first aperture 5 of the aperture device 4 is located in a first plane 6, and the second aperture 7 of the aperture device 4 is located in a second plane 8. A portion of the beam 20 strikes the first side 9c of the film 9 and is thereby blocked. Thus, the beam 20 is reduced to a first component of the beam 20 as it passes through the first plane 6 and thus through the first aperture 5.This first portion of the beam 20 continues along the beam path and partially strikes the second foil side 9d. As a result, the first portion of the beam 20, which exists between the first plane 6 and the second plane 8, is reduced to a residual portion of the beam 20 upon passing through the second plane 8 and thus through the second opening 7. This residual portion of the beam 20 therefore exists in the direction of the beam path after the second plane 8 and passes through the fourth lens 3d and the fifth lens 3e. Thus, the beam 20 emitted during operation is projected in a reduced form via the projection system 3 as a segmented light distribution in front of the luminaire 1.

[0038] Fig. 6a The aperture device 4 is shown from the perspective of the image sensor 2 in a second position. The transition from the first position to the second position, or the simultaneous relative displacement of the first aperture 5 in the first plane 6 and the second aperture 7 in the second plane 8 relative to each other, can be controlled by the actuator 12 already described (see Figure 1).

[0039] Fig. 4a bis Fig. 4d) can be accomplished. In this second position, the second aperture center (52 m) and the fourth aperture center (72 m) coincide with the optical axis X of the projection system 3. Analogous to the first position of the aperture device 4, the beam 20 is first reduced to a first component, and this first component is then reduced to a residual component of the beam 20. The residual component of the beam 20 resulting from the second position of the aperture device 4 is smaller than the residual component of the beam 20 resulting from the first position of the aperture device 4. Clearly, the residual component of the beam 20 is more variable due to the adaptive aperture device 4.

[0040] Although only two positions of the aperture device 4 are shown, any number of positions are conceivable. In combination with geometrically differently shaped openings 5, 7 and a corresponding orientation of the planes 6, 8 relative to each other, an adaptive aperture device 4 can be created which can be adapted to further requirements. The invention is therefore not limited to the embodiments shown, but is defined by the entire scope of protection of the claims. Individual aspects of the invention or the embodiments can also be adopted and combined with one another. Any reference numerals in the claims are exemplary and serve only to facilitate the readability of the claims, without limiting them.

Claims

1. Lamp (1) for a vehicle, which lamp (1) comprises an image sensor (2) and a projection system (3), wherein segmented light from the image sensor (2) can be emitted as a beam (20) along a beam path during operation of the lamp (1), wherein a beam (20) emitted during operation is at least partially projected in front of the lamp (1) via the projection system (3) as a segmented light distribution, wherein an adaptive aperture device (4) is arranged along the beam path, through which aperture device (4) the beam (20) is partially blocked during operation, so that a variable residual portion of the beam (20) passes through the aperture device (4), characterized by the fact thatthe aperture device (4) has a first opening (5) in a first plane (6) and a second opening (7) in a second plane (8) along the beam path, wherein in operation the beam bundle (20) is reduced by the first opening (5) to a first part of the beam bundle (20) and this first part is reduced by the second opening (7) to the remaining part of the beam bundle (20), wherein the first opening (5) in the first plane (6) and the second opening (7) in the second plane (8) are displaceable relative to each other.

2. Luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the first opening (5) and second opening (7) are geometrically similar, preferably geometrically congruent.

3. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first opening (5) is symmetrical along a first axis of symmetry (53) and the second opening (7) is symmetrical along a second axis of symmetry (73).

4. Luminaire according to claim 3, wherein the first opening (5) has a first opening center (51m) with a first opening radius (51r) and a second opening center (52m) with a second opening radius (52r), and the second opening (7) has a third opening center (71m) with a third opening radius (71r) and a fourth opening center (72m) with a fourth opening radius (72r), wherein the first opening radius (51r) is equal to the third opening radius (71r) and the second opening radius (52r) is equal to the fourth opening radius (72r), wherein the first opening radius (51r) is larger than the second opening radius (52r), and wherein the first opening center (51m) and the second opening center (52m) are located on the first axis of symmetry, and the third opening center (71m) and the fourth opening center are located on the third opening center (71m) and the fourth opening center (72r). (72m) are arranged on the second axis of symmetry.

5. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the projection system (3) comprises at least three optical lenses (3a, 3c, 3e), preferably five optical lenses (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e) and wherein the first plane (6) and the second plane (8) are located in the beam path after the first lens (3a), or preferably between the third lens (3c) and the fourth lens (3d).

6. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first plane (6) and the second plane (8) are aligned parallel to each other.

7. Luminaire (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first plane (5) and the second plane (6) are aligned at an angle (14) to each other.

8. Luminaire (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first opening (5) and the second opening (7) are arranged on a film (9) and the film (9) is guided over at least one deflection roller (10) along the first plane (6) and the second plane (8), wherein the film (9) is movable via an actuator (12), whereby the first opening (5) in the first plane (6) and the second opening (7) in the second plane (8) can be moved relative to each other simultaneously via the actuator (12).

9. Lamp according to claim 8, wherein the film (9) is pre-tensioned at a first end (9a) via a spring (13) and is connected to the actuator (12) at a second end (9b) of the film (9) opposite the first end (9a).

10. Luminaire according to claim 8, wherein the film (9) is closed in itself.

11. Motor vehicle with a light (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

Images