Dry-stacking system

Abstract

The invention relates to a dry-stacking system for constructing an outer wall with stones, comprising: - a number of elongate mounting elements with a substantially C-shaped cross-section, which are configured for mounting on a surface, parallel to and at a distance from each other; - a series of stackable stones configured to be stacked parallel to the surface, wherein the stones are each provided with at least one groove which extends parallel to the surface in stacked state of the stones; and - a number of fastening elements, wherein the fastening elements are provided with a T-shaped coupling piece for coupling in the C-shaped cross-section of a mounting element and are provided with one or more tongues for engagement in one or more of the grooves provided in the stones, wherein each fastening element has a free position, wherein the main plane of the T-shaped coupling piece is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the elongate mounting elements, so that the T-shaped coupling piece can be inserted into the C-shaped cross-section, and has a locking position, wherein the main plane of the T-shaped coupling piece is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the elongate mounting elements, so that the T-shaped coupling piece forms a form-fitting connection with the C-shaped cross-section of a mounting element wherein the fastening element is manufactured from a plastic material selected from a series of plastic materials with a tensile strength higher than 250N / mm2 and wherein the one or more tongues comprise cutting edges for cutting into the stone in the groove.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a dry-stacking system for constructing an outer wall with stones, comprising: a number of elongate mounting elements with a substantially C-shaped cross-section, which are configured for mounting on a surface, parallel to and at a distance from each other; a series of stackable stones configured to be stacked parallel to the surface, wherein the stones are each provided with at least one groove which extends parallel to the surface in stacked state of the stones; and a number of fastening elements, wherein the fastening elements are provided with a T-shaped coupling piece for coupling in the C-shaped cross-section of a mounting element and are provided with one or more tongues for engagement in one or more of the grooves provided in the stones, wherein each fastening element has a free position, wherein the main plane of the T-shaped coupling piece is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the elongate mounting elements, so that the T-shaped coupling piece can be inserted into the C-shaped cross-section, and has a locking position, wherein the main plane of the T-shaped coupling piece is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the elongate mounting elements, so that the T-shaped coupling piece forms a form-fitting connection with the C-shaped cross-section of a mounting element.

[0002] A dry-stacking system according to the preamble is known in the field and is described in the French patent FR 2665469. A dry-stacking system is further known from the Netherlands patent NL2013845.

[0003] The known dry-stacking systems have the following drawbacks: The fastening element of the dry-stacking system has at least a width of a minimum of two stones, resulting in the fastening element taking up a relatively great deal of space and material. The coupling piece is made of plastic and not suitable for absorbing the lateral forces on an outer wall.

[0004] Connecting the fastening element to the mounting generally requires many operations in the known dry-stacking system, making the assembly time long, particularly when the outer wall is constructed from many stones.

[0005] The invention has for its object to provide a dry-stacking system according to the preamble which obviates the above stated drawbacks.

[0006] The dry-stacking system according to the invention has for this purpose the feature that the fastening element is manufactured from a plastic material selected from a series of plastic materials with a tensile strength higher than 250N / mm2 and wherein the one or more tongues comprise cutting edges for cutting into the stone in the groove.

[0007] The dry-stacking system according to the invention has the advantage that each fastening element requires no additional auxiliary means for being fastened to the mounting element. This is the advantage that the number of operations for fastening the fastening element to the mounting element is reduced. Production of the fastening element is also more economical, since the amount of material is more limited and no separate coupling means need be manufactured. The dry-stacking system according to the invention is a circular system for constructing an outer wall which can be dismantled again easily and quickly without damaging the components and without the use of additional auxiliary means.

[0008] The stones are provided with grooves and the fastening elements are provided with one or more tongues for engaging in one or more of the grooves. A stone engaged by the fastening element is hereby connected to the mounting element in a firm but simple manner. It is particularly when the releasable connection is a sliding connection that placing a tongue in a groove is a simple operation. The fastening element can then be slid downward, wherein the tongue falls into the groove.

[0009] In the dry-stacking system according to the invention the fastening element is manufactured from a plastic material selected from a series of plastic materials with a tensile strength higher than 250N / mm2. When producing large numbers of complex fastening elements, plastic offers more possibilities than for instance steel.

[0010] Additionally, plastic cannot corrode. In order however to absorb the lateral forces on an outer wall the selected plastic material must have a tensile strength higher than 250N / mm2. This tensile strength corresponds with the tensile strength of magnelis steel. The plastic material is preferably glass fibre-reinforced polyarylamide, wherein the glass fibre content amounts to 30% to 50%. This material is highly creep-resistant, but still has some flexibility.

[0011] In addition, the tongues comprise one or more cutting edges for cutting into the stone in the groove. The cutting edges prevent the fastening elements from being able to move in the longitudinal direction of the stones.

[0012] The elongate mounting elements with C-shaped cross-section have on a first side a passage extending over the longitudinal direction of the profile.

[0013] Owing to this passage, the fastening element can be fastened to the profile at any position on the profile, and the height of the stones used need not be taken into consideration. The fastening element can be fastened to the profile by tilting of the fastening element such that the T-shaped coupling piece can be placed into the passage (free position). After this, the neck of the T-shaped coupling piece can be placed in the parts of the first side adjacently of the passage (locking position) by further tilting of the fastening element. Following this, the neck is constrained, whereby the fastening element is locked only in transverse direction of the mounting element. The fastening element can however be displaced in longitudinal direction of the mounting element.

[0014] In the inventive dry-stacking system the mounting elements are preferably profiles, preferably of metal.

[0015] In an embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention the fastening element comprises a series of resilient tongues which are configured to twist while being placed in the recess of a stone due to contact with a side of the recess. This results in the fastening element becoming secured in the recess by torque action.

[0016] In another embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention the coupling piece comprises on either side of the neck a curve such that, in use of the fastening element, in the locking position the coupling piece is not in contact with the mounting element close to the curve. Owing to this measure, build-up of stress in a critical corner in the neck of the plastic fastening element is prevented and any built-up stress is redirected by a plastic-metal transition.

[0017] In yet another embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention a fastening element connects adjacent stones in pairs. It is particularly the stones that are not located in front of a mounting element that can hereby still be connected to each other. A force exerted transversely of the outer wall can hereby be absorbed by means of the fastening elements, whereby the outer wall remains intact.

[0018] In the locking position the coupling piece is preferably received tightly clamped in the mounting element. For this purpose the coupling piece is somewhat resilient, whereby in locking position the coupling piece presses against the mounting element due to the resilient action. Owing to this measure, the fastening element can be held in place better in the locking position.

[0019] In yet another embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention the stones can be provided on an upper side with one or more protruding elevations and be provided on an underside with one or more recesses for receiving the one or more elevations of a stone lying thereunder. This has the advantage that forces exerted transversely of the outer wall are also absorbed by the mutually engaging stones. Moisture is also unable to penetrate inward from the outer side of the outer wall.

[0020] In the inventive dry-stacking system the stones can additionally be provided on an underside with one or more protruding lowered portions and be provided on an upper side with one or more recesses for receiving the one or more recessed portions of a stone lying thereabove. The lowered portions on the underside of the stone prevent the stone from being able to be pressed inward. In addition, it is an aesthetic solution for creating a shadow-casting recessed joint.

[0021] In the inventive dry-stacking system the stones can then comprise on the short sides one or more holes which extend in the longitudinal direction of the stone, and the connecting element is pin-like and configured to co-act with the one or more holes for connecting horizontally adjacent stones in pairs.

[0022] Production of this stone is quicker because the moulded clay form can dry more quickly and can also be fired more quickly thereafter. In addition to this, the holes in the stones also reduce the weight of the stone itself.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention the distance between two fastening elements is equal to or greater than half the length of the stackable stones, as seen in horizontal direction.

[0024] The advantage of an unsupported span, in that the distance between two fastening elements is equal to or greater than half the length of the stackable stones, is that the stones need not be perfectly straight. The two-point support still enables a stable stack to be formed. This absorbs any curvature or contamination, and prevents excessive point load on the material.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention the fastening elements are plate-like, wherein the tongues extend perpendicularly from the plate form.

[0026] In yet another preferred embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention a T-shaped slot is arranged in the plate form, wherein the stem of the T-shaped slot extends toward the T-shaped coupling piece and wherein the dry-stacking system further comprises metal brackets, wherein in stacked state each bracket extends from a groove in a stone, through the T-shaped slot in a fastening element and into the elongate mounting element.

[0027] When the temperature becomes very high in the case of fire, there is a chance that the plastic fastening elements become soft and will no longer be able to hold the stacked stones against the outer wall. The metal brackets then form a safeguard in case the strength of the plastic fastening elements is lost.

[0028] The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following figures, in which: Figure 1A shows a first preferred embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system; Figures 1B-1E show components of the inventive dry-stacking system of Figure 1A; Figures 2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system; Figure 3A and Figure 3B show a second stone and second connecting element; Figure 4A and Figure 4B show a third embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system; Figure 5 shows a section of a variant of the third embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system; Figure 6 shows a section of a fourth embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system; Figure 7 shows a section of the inventive dry-stacking system for constructing an outer wall with sixth stones. Figures 8A-8G show a fifth embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention. Figures 9A - 9C show different views of a sixth embodiment of the dry-stacking system according to the invention.

[0029] Components with the same numerals in the different figures designate the same components.

[0030] Figure 1A shows a first preferred embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system 1 for constructing an outer wall with first stones 50. Figures 1B-1E show components of the inventive dry-stacking system 1. The dry-stacking system 1 is arranged against a vertical surface, such as a wall 100. An insulating material 101 is preferably arranged on the outer side of the wall 100. Dry-stacking system 1 comprises stones 50, mounting elements 3, first fastening elements 4 and first connecting elements 5.

[0031] Figure 1C shows a cross-section of a stone 50 suitable for application in the inventive dry-stacking system 1. The stone 50 comprises on an underside a recess 50-1 and on upper side a recess 50-2 which are intended for co-action with a fastening element 4.

[0032] Figure 1D shows the first fastening element 4 of the inventive dry-stacking system 1. The first fastening element 4 comprises a coupling piece 4-1 intended for coupling to a mounting element 3. The coupling piece 4-1 forms a head-like part of the first fastening element 4, wherein the neck 4-6 is formed by grooves 4-2 between the head-like part and the rest of the first fastening element 4.

[0033] The grooves 4-2 are intended for co-action with the mounting element 3. The first fastening element 4 further comprises a first tongue 4-3 which is intended for engagement in the recess 50-1 of a further stone 50. In addition, the first fastening element 4 further comprises a second tongue 4-4 which is intended for engagement in the recess 50-1 of a further stone 50. For application on the top row of stones of an outer wall the first fastening element 4 can also be embodied with the first tongue 4-3 only.

[0034] Figure 1E shows the connecting element 5 of the inventive dry-stacking system 1. The connecting element 5 is applied to mutually connected two adjacent stones 50 at the same horizontal level at positions in the outer wall behind which no mounting element 3 is present. For this purpose the connecting element 5 comprises a third tongue 5-1 which is intended for engagement in the recess 50-1 of both adjacent stones 50. In addition, the connecting element 5 further comprises a fourth tongue 5-2 which is intended for engagement in the recess 50-1 of one or two further stones 50, which lie above the connecting element 5 in application of the dry-stacking system 1. For application on the top row of stones 50 of the outer wall the connecting element 5 can also be embodied with the third tongue 5-1 only.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1A, the mounting elements 3 take the form of metal profiles with a substantially rectangular cross-section, whereby the mounting element 3 is hollow and comprises on a first side 3A a passage 3-1. A plurality of mounting elements 3 are mounted vertically against the surface 1 in application of the dry-stacking system 1, wherein the first sides 3A of each arranged mounting element 3 preferably lie in one imaginary plane. Vertically adjusting each of the mounting elements 3 can take place by connecting the mounting element 3 indirectly to the surface 1 by means of an adjusting means 110, such as a corner piece. The adjusting means 110 is here connected fixedly to the surface 1, and the mounting element 3 is connected to adjusting means 110 after the vertical adjustment.

[0036] After the mounting elements 3 have been arranged, a first layer of stones 50 can be arranged on the lower side of the imaginary plane. The stones 50, the side of which remote from the visible side of the outer wall lies against one or more mounting elements 3, must be fastened to the respective mounting element 3 by means of a first fastening element 4. The stones 50, the side of which remote from the visible side of the outer wall does not lie against one or more mounting elements 3, can be connected to each other by means of a connecting element 5.

[0037] The outer wall is constructed further by subsequent layers of stones 50, which are fastened to mounting elements 3 in the same way by means of first fastening elements 4 or are connected to each other by means of first connecting elements 5.

[0038] Figure 1B shows a first fastening element 4 which is fastened to a mounting element 3, wherein the first tongue 4-3 engages in the recess 50-2 of the stone 50. The first fastening element 4 is fastened to the mounting element 3 by rotating the first fastening element 4 such that, in a free position, the coupling piece 4-1 can be inserted into the passage 3-1 with vertical orientation. After this, the first fastening element 4 can be rotated, after which the grooves 4-2 of the first fastening element 4 engage on the first sides 3A of mounting element 3 and the first tongue 4-3 is directed vertically downward. The width of the neck 4-6 of coupling piece 4-1 of a first fastening element 4, determined by the distance between the grooves 4-2, must therefore be smaller than the width of the passage 3B of the mounting element. The coupling piece 4-1 is now in a locking position, in which the fastening element 4 is locked at least in transverse direction of the mounting element 3. After this, the first fastening element 4 can be slid downward, such that the first tongue 4-3 of the first fastening element 4 is positioned in the recess 50-2 of the stone 50.

[0039] Figures 2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system 10 for constructing an outer wall with stones 50. The dry-stacking system 10 comprises similar stones 50, similar first fastening elements 4 and similar first connecting elements 5 as the first embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system 1.

[0040] The dry-stacking system 10 differs from the first embodiment by an alternative mounting-element 13. The mounting elements 13 take the form of metal profiles with a C-shaped cross-section, making the mounting element 3 hollow. One side 13A comprises T-shaped openings 13-1 which are arranged successively in the longitudinal direction of the mounting element 13. The plurality of mounting elements 13 can be mounted on the surface 100 in the same way as the mounting element 3.

[0041] The part 13-2 of the T-shaped opening 13-1 which is horizontal in application of the dry-stacking system 10 forms a passage for the coupling piece 4-1 of the first fastening element 4, wherein, in a free position, the coupling piece 4-1 can be inserted into the mounting element 13.

[0042] After the coupling piece 4-1 has been placed in the horizontal part 13-2 of the T-shaped opening 13-1, coupling piece 4-1 can be displaced to the locking position toward the upright part 13-3 of the T-shaped opening 13-1, in which the neck of coupling piece 4-1 is clamped.

[0043] Figure 3A and Figure 3B show an alternative second stone 51 and second connecting element 15 as alternative to the stone 50 and the connecting element 5 as shown in the first and second embodiments of the inventive dry-stacking system 1;10. The stone 51 comprises on an underside a recess 51-1 and on upper side a recess 51-2 which are intended for engagement by a first fastening element 4. In addition, the stone 51 comprises on the short sides 51A one or more holes 51-3 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the stone 51.

[0044] Each second connecting element 15 takes the form of a pin, wherein the cross-section of the second connecting element 15 corresponds with the cross-section of each of the holes 51-3.

[0045] Horizontally adjacent stones 51 can be connected to each other in pairs by inserting one or more pin-like connecting elements 15 into the one or more holes 51-3 of the two stones 51.

[0046] The upper side of each stone 51 preferably has a recessed portion 51-4 close to the recess 51-2 which is intended for receiving a fastening element 4. The upper side and underside of stones 51 lying one above the other can hereby be placed against each other.

[0047] Figure 4A shows a third embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system 20 for constructing an outer wall with third stones 52. The inventive dry-stacking system 20 comprises mounting elements 3 or 13 of the above stated embodiments of the inventive dry-stacking system. The mounting elements 3 are shown in the figure.

[0048] The inventive dry-stacking system 20 comprises an alternative second fastening element 14, which is more or less the same as the first fastening element 4 but wherein the second tongue 4-4 is absent.

[0049] As shown in Figure 4B, the stone 52 is provided on an upper side with a protruding elevation 52-4 and is provided on an underside with a recessed portion 52-5 for receiving the elevation 52-4 of a stone lying thereunder.

[0050] Stone 52 comprises on the underside in the recess 52-5 a groove 52-1 which preferably extends over the whole longitudinal direction of the stone 52.

[0051] Stone 52 additionally comprises a groove 52-2 close to the rear side of the stone 52, which groove 52-2 preferably extends over the whole longitudinal direction of the stone 52.

[0052] The groove 52-2 is arranged recessed relative to the upper side of the stone in order to receive the first fastening element 4.

[0053] The stones 52 comprise on the upper side and on the protruding elevation 52-4 a further groove 52-3 which preferably extends over the whole longitudinal direction of the stone 52.

[0054] The grooves 52-1 and 52-3 lie in an imaginary plane which extends in the longitudinal direction of the stone 52 and lies at right angles to the upper side of the stone 52.

[0055] Owing to the elevation and the recess, water is no longer able to penetrate via the outer side of the constructed outer wall to the inner side of the outer wall.

[0056] The inventive dry-stacking system 20 comprises connecting means 25 which take a plate-like form and can co-act with the grooves 52-2 and 52-3.

[0057] Figure 4B shows a cross-section of an outer wall constructed by means of the dry-stacking system 20. Each row of stones 52 is connected by means of second fastening elements 14 to a mounting element 3.

[0058] After a row of stones 52 has been placed, the stones are connected to each other by placing the plate-like connecting elements 25 in the grooves 52-3 on the upper side of adjacent stones 52.

[0059] The grooves 52-1 of a row of stones 52 placed thereabove will then fall over the connecting means 25 placed in the row lying thereunder. Each subsequent row is connected to each other in the same way.

[0060] Figure 5 shows a cross-section of a variant of the embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system 20, which makes use of first fastening elements 4 and alternative fourth stones 53.

[0061] The stones 53 have on the underside a groove 53-1 and on the upper side a groove 53-2. Both grooves extend in the longitudinal direction of the stone 53. The stones 53 are fastened to the mounting element 3 by means of the first fastening element 4, wherein the lower tongue 4-3 engages in groove 53-1 of a stone 53 and the upper tongue 4-4 engages in groove 53-2 of a stone 53 placed thereabove.

[0062] The connecting element 25 is applied to mutually connect two adjacent stones 53 at the same horizontal level via grooves 53-2 at positions in the outer wall behind which no mounting element 3 is present.

[0063] The stone 53 is provided on an upper side close to the front side with a protruding elevation 53-4 and is provided on an underside with a recessed portion 52-5 for receiving the elevation 53-4 of a stone lying thereunder.

[0064] Figure 6 shows a cross-section of a fourth embodiment of the inventive dry-stacking system 30 for constructing an outer wall with alternative fifth stones 54. The inventive dry-stacking system 30 comprises second mounting elements 14 of the above stated embodiments of the inventive dry-stacking system. The stone 54 comprises a recess 54-1 for receiving the tongue of the second fastening element 14. The mounting elements 3, second fastening elements 14 and stones 54 are shown in the figure. This fourth embodiment requires no connecting means, since the stone 54 is provided with integrated connecting means. For this purpose the stone 54 comprises on the upper side thereof protrusions 54-3 and on the underside thereof corresponding indentations 54-4.

[0065] Figure 7 shows a section of the inventive dry-stacking system for constructing an outer wall with sixth stones 55. The inventive dry-stacking system comprises mounting elements 3 of the above stated embodiments of the inventive dry-stacking system. The mounting elements 3, first fastening elements 4, first connecting elements 5 and stones 55 are shown in the figure. The stone 55 comprises on an underside a recess 55-1 and on upper side a recess 55-2 which are intended for engagement by a second fastening element 14 or second connecting element 15. The stones 55 are provided on an underside close to the front side with a protruding lowered portion 55-3 and are provided on an upper side close to the front side with a recessed portion 55-4 for receiving the protruding edge-like or ridge-like lowered portion 55-3 of a stone 55 lying thereabove. The protruding recessed portion 55-4, which is tongue-shaped in cross-section, prevents that the stone 55 can be pressed inward, toward surface 100. In addition, it is an aesthetic solution for creating a shadow-casting recessed joint.

[0066] Figures 8A-8G show a fifth embodiment of the dry-stacking system 40 according to the invention, wherein the fastening element 24 and / or the connecting element 35 is manufactured from glass fibre-reinforced polyarylamide, wherein the glass fibre content amounts to 30% to 50%.

[0067] Figure 8A shows an isometric view of the fastening element 24.

[0068] Figure 8B shows a top view of Figure 8A.

[0069] Figure 8C shows an isometric view of the connecting element 35.

[0070] Figure 8D shows a top view of Figure 8C.

[0071] Figure 8E shows an isometric view of the fifth embodiment of the dry-stacking system 40 when applied to a stone 50.

[0072] Figure 8F shows a cross-section of the applied fifth embodiment of the dry-stacking system 40 of Figure 8E through the fastening element 24.

[0073] Figure 8G shows a cross-section of the applied fifth embodiment of the dry-stacking system 40 of Figure 8E through the connecting element 35.

[0074] The tongues 24-3;24-4;35-1;35-2 of the fastening element 24 and / or the connecting element 35 comprise one or more cutting edges for cutting into the stone in the groove. The cutting edges prevent the fastening elements and / or connecting elements from being able to move in the longitudinal direction of the stones 50.

[0075] The coupling piece 24-1 comprises on either side of the neck 24-6 a curve 24-2 such that, in use of fastening element 24, in the locking position the coupling piece 24-1 is not in contact with the mounting element 3 close to the curve. This prevents stress from developing between the (metal) mounting element 3 and the plastic fastening element 24. In the locking position the coupling piece 24-1 is received tightly clamped in the mounting element 3 in that the coupling piece 24-1 is somewhat resilient owing to the curves in the neck 24-6, whereby coupling piece 24-1 presses against mounting element 3 due to the resilient action.

[0076] The connecting element 35 comprises a series of resilient tongues 35-1;35-2 which are configured to twist while being placed in the recess of a stone 50 due to contact with a side of the recess 50-1;50-2. The tongues 35-2 are here shown more clearly than the tongues 35-1. The tongues 35-1 are however similar to the tongues 35-2. This results in the connecting element 35 becoming secured in the recess 50-1;50-2 by torque action.

[0077] In the different figures fastening elements 4;14 and connecting elements 5;15 are shown with different dimensionings relative to the stone applied. These are length differences in the longitudinal direction of the fastening element 4;14 and connecting elements 5;15, wherein this length is adjusted to the position of the first or second groove in the stone applied. This dimensioning is not important to operation of the fastening element, and they are therefore designated with the same numerals.

[0078] Figure 9A shows a perspective view of a sixth embodiment 60 of the dry-stacking system according to the invention.

[0079] Elongate mounting elements 61 are arranged parallel to each other against a wall. These mounting elements have a C-shaped cross-section.

[0080] Stones 62 are stacked against these mounting elements. Each of the stones 62 are provided with grooves 63 in the longitudinal direction. These stones 62 are fastened to the mounting elements via plate-like fastening element 64, which are secured in the C-shaped cross-section of the mounting elements 61 with a T-shaped coupling piece.

[0081] Arranged on the upper side and underside (not shown) of the plate-like fastening element 64 are tongues 65 with cutting edges 66 thereon, which protrude into the grooves 63 of the stones 62.

[0082] Provided as additional safeguard is a metal bracket 67 which protrudes with an end into groove 63, runs via a T-shaped slot 68 in the plate-like fastening element 64 and hooks with the other end into the mounting element 61.

[0083] Figure 9B shows a top view of the embodiment 60 according to figure 9A. This clearly shows that the T-shaped coupling piece of the fastening element 64 clamps fixedly in the C-shaped cross-section of the mounting element 61.

[0084] Figure 9C shows a perspective view of the metal bracket 67. The bracket 67 has a first end 69, which can protrude into a groove 63 of a stone, an intermediate piece 70 which runs through the T-shaped slot 68 of a fastening element 64, and a second end 71 which hooks into the C-shaped cross-section of the mounting element 61.

[0085] The invention particularly has the insight of: connecting the fastening element and the coupling piece directly to each other and manufacturing them integrally; providing the coupling piece with a free position when the coupling piece is already partially in the coupling means; having the coupling piece in a locking position lock the fastening element in transverse direction of the mounting element, but allow it to still be moveable in longitudinal direction of the mounting element.

[0086] It is preferred to apply in all embodiments a stone in which the recesses or grooves for receiving the fastening element lie close to a rear side of the stone. The recess or groove preferably lies approximately 20 mm from the rear side of the stone.

[0087] Preferably, said recess is about 8 mm deep, a tongue of the fastening element is also approximately 8 mm, and the length of the fastening element is preferably approximately 60 mm. Wind loads transversely of the outer wall can hereby be accommodated well, and the stones are prevented from shifting forward or rearward due to wind loads.

[0088] In addition to fastening elements, levelling elements can also be applied. These levelling elements do not form a connection between two stones or a mounting element, but can be coupled to a stone in the same manner as the fastening elements. The levelling element ensures that tolerances in the stones are levelled.

[0089] When plastic fastening elements are used, it is necessary to alternate them with metal fastening elements. This prevents the outer wall from becoming unstable in the case of fire, since the plastic used has a much lower melting point than the metal used.

Claims

1. Dry-stacking system for constructing an outer wall with stones, comprising: - a number of elongate mounting elements with a substantially C-shaped cross-section, which are configured for mounting on a surface, parallel to and at a distance from each other; - a series of stackable stones configured to be stacked parallel to the surface, wherein the stones are each provided with at least one groove which extends parallel to the surface in stacked state of the stones; and - a number of fastening elements, wherein the fastening elements are provided with a T-shaped coupling piece for coupling in the C-shaped cross-section of a mounting element and are provided with one or more tongues for engagement in one or more of the grooves provided in the stones, wherein each fastening element has a free position, wherein the main plane of the T-shaped coupling piece is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the elongate mounting elements, so that the T-shaped coupling piece can be inserted into the C-shaped cross-section, and has a locking position, wherein the main plane of the T-shaped coupling piece is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the elongate mounting elements, so that the T-shaped coupling piece forms a form-fitting connection with the C-shaped cross-section of a mounting element characterized in that the fastening element is manufactured from a plastic material selected from a series of plastic materials with a tensile strength higher than 250N / mm2 and wherein the one or more tongues comprise cutting edges for cutting into the stone in the groove.

2. Dry-stacking system according to claim 1, wherein the plastic material is glass fibre-reinforced polyarylamide.

3. Dry-stacking system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein cutting edges are formed by a series of resilient tongues which are configured to twist while being placed in the recess of a stone due to contact with a side of the recess.

4. Dry-stacking system according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein the coupling piece comprises on either side of the neck of the T-shape a curve such that, in use of the fastening element, in the locking position the coupling piece is not in contact with the mounting element close to the curve.

5. Dry-stacking system according to one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein a fastening element connects adjacent stones in pairs.

6. Dry-stacking system according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein in the locking position the coupling piece is received tightly clamped in the mounting element.

7. Dry-stacking system according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein the fastening element is provided on either side with a tongue, which lie in the same plane for engagement in grooves of two stones stacked one on the other.

8. Dry-stacking system according to one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein the stones are provided on an upper side with one or more protruding elevations and are provided on an underside with one or more recesses for receiving the one or more elevations of a stone lying thereunder.

9. Dry-stacking system according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein the stones are provided on an underside with one or more protruding recessed portions and are provided on an upper side with one or more recesses for receiving the one or more lowered portions of a stone lying thereabove.

10. Dry-stacking system according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein the distance between two fastening elements is equal to or greater than half the length of the stackable stones, as seen in horizontal direction.

11. Dry-stacking system according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein the fastening elements are plate-like, wherein the tongues extend perpendicularly from the plate form.

12. Dry-stacking system according to claim 11, wherein a T-shaped slot is arranged in the plate form, wherein the stem of the T-shaped slot extends toward the T-shaped coupling piece and wherein the dry-stacking system further comprises metal brackets, wherein in stacked state each bracket extends from a groove in a stone, through the T-shaped slot in a fastening element and into the elongate mounting element.

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