Imaging optical system

Abstract

An imaging optical system for imaging at least one light source (1) onto at least one light-sensitive sensor (4). The imaging optical system comprises at least an optical aperture (2), at least one beam-forming optical element (3) and the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4), and the at least one beam-forming optical element (3) is a planoconcave cylindrical mirror, more particularly a planoconcave circular-cylindrical mirror.

Description

[0001] Imaging optics

[0002] The present invention relates to an imaging optic for imaging at least one light source onto at least one light-sensitive sensor according to the preamble of claim 1, the use of such an imaging optic for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object in space, and a method for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object in space according to the preamble of claim 14.

[0003] In the prior art, WO 2004 / 046770 A1 discloses a device for imaging light sources through at least one optical lens onto at least one light-sensitive sensor, the optics used to generate the image comprising a beam-shaping optical element in the form of at least one lens with a toroidal and an aspherical shape. By using a lens with a toroidal and an aspherical shape, the spherical aberration that usually occurs with optical lenses, also called aperture error or spherical aberration, can be minimized. By using lenses with a toroidal and an aspherical shape, improved imaging quality can be achieved, in particular when the light is incident over a large angular range. However, the production of lenses with a toroidal and an aspherical shape is technically complex and entails high production costs.

[0004] The object of the invention is to achieve a precise optical imaging of at least one light source onto at least one light-sensitive sensor using an imaging optics which is easy to manufacture, with which the exact detection of the position and / or movement of at least one object in space is also possible.

[0005] The object is achieved by an imaging optic having the features of claim 1, by the use of such an imaging optic and by a method having the features of claim 14.

[0006] Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims. The imaging optics are fundamentally suitable for imaging at least one light source, which can emit, for example, monochromatic and / or polychromatic light in the visible and / or non-visible range, in particular infrared, onto at least one correspondingly light-sensitive sensor.

[0007] An object whose position and / or movement in space is to be detected can itself emit light and thus form a light source. An object can also have a light source that can be arranged on the object. It is also conceivable for light reflected from an object to be detected by the imaging optics. For this purpose, for example, a suitable reflector can be arranged on an object.

[0008] The light-sensitive sensor can basically be designed in the form of a photoelectric sensor, which converts light incident on the light-sensitive sensor into an electrical signal.

[0009] The imaging optics comprises at least one optical aperture, at least one beam-forming optical element and at least one light-sensitive sensor.

[0010] In the context of geometric optics, an optical aperture can be used to mechanically limit a beam of rays during optical imaging.

[0011] A beam-shaping optical element can generally be used to shape a light beam, in particular by changing the direction of propagation of the light transmitted and / or reflected by the optical element.

[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one beam-shaping optical element is designed as a plano-concave cylindrical mirror.

[0013] A plano-concave cylindrical mirror can generally be understood to mean a concave mirror. In particular, it can be understood to mean a mirror that is concave in one direction, i.e. curved inwards. A plano-concave cylindrical mirror can be flat along one axis and have a curvature along an axis that is essentially orthogonal to it. The curvature, and thus the lateral surface of the cylindrical mirror, can generally be elliptical, parabolic, acylindrical, in particular aspherically cylindrical, or in particular circular with constant curvature.

[0014] Along the lateral surface, the plano-concave cylindrical mirror can exhibit a concave, curved profile when viewed in the circumferential direction. In a vertical direction, i.e., viewed parallel to the cylinder axis, the plano-concave cylindrical mirror can exhibit a flat profile.

[0015] In beam-shaping optical elements such as optical lenses, where the formation of a light beam occurs through transmission, aberrations occur due to different beam paths and optical path lengths caused by the thickness and shape of the lenses used in practice. Additional aberrations can occur due to wavelength-dependent refractive indices. Additional optical elements may be necessary for beam guidance.

[0016] With a beam-shaping optical element in the form of an easy-to-manufacture plano-concave cylindrical mirror, a light beam can be formed essentially solely by reflection.

[0017] A plano-concave cylindrical mirror can be used simultaneously for beam guidance, i.e. for shaping the beam path, and for beam focusing.

[0018] The beam path of the imaging optics can generally run through an optically transparent medium. The medium can be, for example, a vacuum, generally a gas, particularly air, glass, or an optically transparent plastic. The beam path of the imaging optics can essentially be understood as the path followed by the incident light from the optical aperture to the light-sensitive sensor.

[0019] Particularly in a design with glass as the optical medium, a high temperature stability of the structure between the aperture, optical element and sensor can be achieved.

[0020] In a design with glass or an optically transparent plastic as the optical medium, a plano-concave cylindrical mirror of the imaging optics can be formed by a suitable mirror coating of a correspondingly plano-concave cylindrical outer surface of a body of the optical medium.

[0021] Advantageously, the at least one beam-shaping optical element can be arranged in the optical beam path between the at least one optical aperture and the at least one light-sensitive sensor. This allows the optical aperture to mechanically limit the luminous flux incident on the plano-concave cylindrical mirror.

[0022] The at least one optical aperture and / or the at least one light-sensitive sensor can be arranged outside an optical plane of the at least one beam-shaping optical element. Analogous to an optical axis, the optical plane of the plano-concave cylindrical mirror can be understood as a plane of symmetry running through the center of curvature of the cylindrical mirror. Light rays incident on the plano-concave cylindrical mirror in the optical plane are reflected in the optical plane. Light rays incident on the plano-concave cylindrical mirror outside the optical plane are reflected - and the beam path is thus shaped - and the beam is focused.

[0023] The imaging optics can have a folded beam path between the at least one optical aperture and the at least one light-sensitive sensor. The beam path can have a path that deviates from a straight line, as a result of which the imaging optics can require less space. In contrast to imaging optics with transmission-based optical lenses, a plano-concave cylindrical mirror can be used to reflect incident light rays and create an image of an optical aperture onto a light-sensitive sensor in a folded beam path that deviates from a straight line.

[0024] The imaging optics can generally image a slit opening of the at least one optical aperture onto the at least one light-sensitive sensor.

[0025] In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one light-sensitive sensor can be an area sensor or a line sensor. An area sensor or a line sensor can be constructed from a large number of individual sensors, also called pixels, arranged in a planar or linear manner. Light incident thereon can be detected by one or more individual sensors according to an intensity distribution of the incident light. A position of the point of impact along the area sensor or line sensor can be determined depending on the individual sensors illuminated by the incident light. An embodiment with an analog light-sensitive sensor, which can have a substantially isotropic sensor surface and supply continuous position information on the incident light, is also conceivable.

[0026] A longitudinal extension of the optical sensor can correspond to a dimension of a light-sensitive area of ​​the sensor, for example the dimension of a row of pixels or a sensor area.

[0027] The at least one optical aperture can be a slit aperture with a slit opening having a predetermined or predeterminable width along a transverse direction and a predetermined or predeterminable height along a longitudinal direction. A slit aperture can generally be characterized by its width. If, in addition, a length of the slit is predetermined or predeterminable, this can be characterized by specifying a height. A position and / or a movement of at least one object in space can be characterized by at least one angle to an optical aperture of the imaging optics. An angle, for example a polar angle and / or an azimuthal angle, to an optical aperture of the imaging optics can be measured or defined relative to a direction of the width and / or a direction of the height of the optical aperture.

[0028] For example, an angle can be measured relative to a normal to the plane of an optical aperture. Given a known orientation of an aperture relative to a given or predeterminable spatial direction, for example, relative to a horizontal or vertical line, the position of an object in space can be characterized, for example, using trigonometric relationships.

[0029] Advantageously, the slit opening of the optical diaphragm runs parallel to a cylinder axis of the beam-shaping optical element, viewed along its height. In one embodiment of the beam-shaping optical element as a plano-concave circular-cylindrical mirror, the cylinder axis runs through the center of curvature of the mirror. An optical diaphragm designed as a slit diaphragm can be aligned with a height of the optical diaphragm, i.e. viewed in the longitudinal direction of the slit, relative to the mirror in such a way that the cylinder axis runs parallel to the direction of the height of the slit.

[0030] In such an arrangement, light incident on the optical aperture at different azimuthal angles, i.e. at different angles to a longitudinal direction of the slit diaphragm, strikes different areas along a height direction of the plano-concave cylindrical mirror at different angles and is reflected according to the planar course in this direction.

[0031] The at least one light-sensitive sensor can be designed as a line sensor or an area sensor with a longitudinal extension along a longitudinal direction, wherein the longitudinal direction advantageously runs transversely, in particular at right angles when viewed on the beam path between the mirror and the sensor, to a cylinder axis of the beam-shaping optical element. In such an arrangement, light incident on the optical diaphragm at different polar angles, i.e. at different angles around a longitudinal direction of the slit diaphragm, strikes different areas along a circumferential direction of the plano-concave cylindrical mirror at different angles and is reflected and focused in accordance with the concave shape in this direction.

[0032] The at least one light-sensitive sensor can be designed as a line sensor or as an area sensor with a longitudinal extension along a longitudinal direction, wherein a polar angle about a longitudinal direction of the optical aperture can be determined from a position of the imaged light source along the longitudinal extension of the at least one light-sensitive sensor.

[0033] The imaging optics can comprise an evaluation device by means of which a polar angle about a longitudinal direction of the optical aperture can be determined from the position of the impact along the longitudinal extent of the at least one light-sensitive sensor.

[0034] The evaluation device can have at least one computing unit that is in a data connection with at least one memory unit of the evaluation device or can be brought into such a connection. Data on distances, dimensions, geometries, and focal lengths of the imaging optics can be stored in the memory unit of the evaluation device. An embodiment of the evaluation device with sensors for detecting the alignment of the imaging optics with respect to a predeterminable or predetermined spatial direction is also conceivable.

[0035] A computer program product can comprise instructions which, when executed by the computing unit, cause the computing unit to execute a method for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object in space from the memory unit. The computer program product can, for example, be stored in at least one memory unit of the evaluation device and executed by the at least one computing unit of the evaluation device.

[0036] By arranging two or more imaging optics, or one imaging optic with a corresponding number of apertures, mirrors, and sensors oriented in different spatial directions, the positions of light sources, and possibly their movement, in space can be determined by determining the respective angles and, if necessary, their changes. Furthermore, the distance of objects from the imaging optics can be determined stereoscopically.

[0037] By focusing light onto a light-sensitive sensor, more sensitive detection and higher spatial resolution can generally be achieved, especially when there are several adjacent light sources.

[0038] The at least one light-sensitive sensor can be arranged at a distance from the at least one beam-shaping optical element that is smaller than the radius of curvature, preferably smaller than three-quarters of the radius of curvature, particularly preferably smaller than two-thirds of the radius of curvature, in particular substantially half the radius of curvature, of the at least one beam-shaping optical element. This allows a reduced image of the optical aperture on the light-sensitive sensor, whereby more sensitive detection and higher spatial resolution can be achieved.

[0039] The at least one light-sensitive sensor can be arranged at a distance from the at least one beam-shaping optical element that is greater than a quarter of the radius of curvature, preferably greater than a third of the radius of curvature, particularly preferably substantially half the radius of curvature, of the at least one beam-shaping optical element. This allows a reduced image of the optical aperture on the light-sensitive sensor, thereby achieving more sensitive detection and higher spatial resolution.

[0040] The at least one optical aperture can be arranged at a distance from the at least one beam-shaping optical element that is smaller than the radius of curvature, preferably smaller than three-quarters of the radius of curvature, particularly preferably smaller than two-thirds of the radius of curvature, in particular substantially half of the radius of curvature, of the at least one beam-shaping optical element. This makes it possible to influence the angular range from which light from a light source can impinge on the beam-shaping optical element.

[0041] The at least one optical aperture can be arranged at a distance from the at least one beam-shaping optical element that is greater than a quarter of the radius of curvature, preferably greater than a third of the radius of curvature, particularly preferably substantially half the radius of curvature, of the at least one beam-shaping optical element. This allows the angular range from which light from a light source can impinge on the beam-shaping optical element to be influenced.

[0042] The distance between the at least one light-sensitive sensor and the at least one beam-shaping optical element and the distance between the at least one optical aperture and the at least one beam-shaping optical element can be adapted to one another. For a given dimension, geometry and focal length of the beam-shaping optical element, a given aperture and a given longitudinal extent of the sensor, the distance between the at least one optical aperture and the at least one beam-shaping optical element can specify the angular range from which light emitted by a light source can strike the mirror and be reflected by the latter. The longitudinal extent of the sensor, i.e. the sensor length, can specify the angular range over which light reflected by the mirror can be detected by the sensor.The at least one optical aperture, the at least one beam-shaping optical element, and the at least one light-sensitive sensor can be arranged at the corners of a triangle. This results in an arrangement of the imaging optics that deviates from a rectilinear course. The parts of the imaging optics, which are thus partially arranged next to one another, can require less space.

[0043] The at least one optical aperture and the at least one light-sensitive sensor can be spatially arranged between the at least one light source and the at least one beam-shaping optical element. As a result, the parts of the imaging optics can be partially arranged next to one another.

[0044] An imaging optic as described above can be part of an arrangement comprising at least one imaging optic and at least one light source. The at least one light source can be arranged on at least one object whose position and / or movement in space is to be detected.

[0045] Protection is also sought for the use of an imaging optic as described above for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object in space, wherein at least one light source is arranged on the at least one object.

[0046] Protection is also sought for a method for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object in space. Imaging optics as described above can be used, in particular, to carry out the method.

[0047] Light emitted by at least one object can initially pass through at least one optical aperture. The light can then strike at least one beam-shaping optical element in the form of a plano-concave cylindrical mirror, be reflected and optionally focused, it being possible for the beam to be guided and focused. The light can then strike at least one light-sensitive sensor and be detected by it. An object whose position and / or movement in space is to be detected can itself emit light and thus form a light source. An object can also have a light source that can be arranged on the object. It is also conceivable for light reflected from an object to be detected by the imaging optics. For this purpose, for example, a suitable reflector can be arranged on an object.

[0048] The light emitted by at least one object can pass through the at least one optical aperture at a polar angle around a longitudinal direction of the optical aperture, wherein the light can then strike a cylinder jacket segment of the plano-concave cylindrical mirror and be reflected depending on the polar angle. Depending on the polar angle, the light can strike and be detected at a position along a longitudinal extension along a longitudinal direction of at least one light-sensitive sensor designed as a line sensor or area sensor. The polar angle can be determined by an evaluation device of an imaging optics from the position of impact along the longitudinal extension along a longitudinal direction of the at least one light-sensitive sensor.

[0049] The emission of light from multiple objects or light sources to be detected can be clocked serially to enable differentiation between the various objects and light sources. Different spectral distributions and sensors with different sensitivity are also conceivable.

[0050] Embodiments of the invention are discussed with reference to the figures. They show:

[0051] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an imaging optics and an object with a light source arranged thereon at a first position in space,

[0052] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an imaging optic and an object with a light source arranged thereon at a second position in space, Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an imaging optic with an evaluation device and two objects with a light source arranged thereon at different positions in space,

[0053] Figure 4 is a side view of an imaging optic and two objects with a light source arranged thereon at different positions in space according to Figure 3,

[0054] Figure 5 is a plan view of an imaging optic,

[0055] Figure 6 is a perspective view of an arrangement of three differently aligned imaging optics and the recorded polar angles of an object in space, and

[0056] Figure 7 is a perspective view of an arrangement of three differently aligned imaging optics for detecting a position of an object in space.

[0057] Figure 1 shows an imaging optic for imaging a light source 1 arranged on an object 5 onto a light-sensitive sensor 4, wherein the imaging optic comprises an optical aperture 2, a beam-shaping optical element 3 in the form of a plano-concave cylindrical mirror, and a light-sensitive sensor 4. As shown, the imaging optic images a slit opening 21 of the at least one optical aperture 2 onto the at least one light-sensitive sensor 4.

[0058] The at least one beam-shaping optical element 3 is arranged in the optical beam path between the optical aperture 2 and the at least one light-sensitive sensor 4. The optical aperture 2 and the at least one light-sensitive sensor 4 are arranged outside an optical plane of the at least one beam-shaping optical element 3 (see also Figure 4).

[0059] Due to the reflection at the beam-shaping optical element 3 in the form of the plano-concave cylindrical mirror, the imaging optics have a folded beam path between the at least one optical aperture 2 and the at least one light-sensitive sensor 4. The optical aperture 2, the beam-shaping optical element 3 and the light-sensitive sensor 4 are arranged at the corners of a triangle, with the optical aperture 2 and the at least one light-sensitive sensor 4 being arranged spatially between the at least one light source 1 and the at least one beam-shaping optical element 3.

[0060] In the embodiment shown, the light-sensitive sensor 4 is designed as a line sensor with a longitudinal extension LI along a longitudinal direction L. The longitudinal direction L runs transversely, in particular at right angles when viewed in projection along the optical beam path, to a cylinder axis C of the beam-shaping optical element 3. The slit opening 21 runs along the longitudinal direction H parallel to a cylinder axis C of the beam-shaping optical element 3.

[0061] The at least one light-sensitive sensor 4 is arranged substantially at a distance r from the at least one beam-shaping optical element 3, which is smaller than the radius of curvature R of the at least one beam-shaping optical element 3, wherein the radius of curvature R corresponds to the radial distance of the beam-shaping optical element 3 from the cylinder axis C (see Figures 4 and 5). In the embodiment shown, the distance r corresponds substantially to half the radius of curvature R.

[0062] The at least one optical aperture 2 is arranged substantially at a distance d from the at least one beam-shaping optical element 3, which distance d is smaller than the radius of curvature R of the at least one beam-shaping optical element 3, wherein the radius of curvature R corresponds to the radial distance of the beam-shaping optical element 3 from the cylinder axis C (see Figures 4 and 5). In the illustrated embodiment, the distance d corresponds substantially to half the radius of curvature R

[0063] 1, light rays emanating from the object 5 with a light source 1 arranged thereon pass through the aperture 21 at a polar angle phil about the longitudinal direction H of the optical aperture 2, here measured for example with respect to a normal to the plane of the optical aperture 2. The emitted light strikes the sensor 4 at position x1 along the longitudinal extent LI thereof. Figure 2 shows a representation analogous to Figure 1, wherein the light rays emanating from the object 6 with a light source 1 arranged thereon pass through the aperture 21 at a polar angle phi2 about the longitudinal direction H of the optical aperture 2, again measured with respect to a normal to the plane of the optical aperture 2. The emitted light strikes the sensor 4 at position x2 along the longitudinal extent LI thereof.

[0064] Figure 3 shows a representation analogous to Figures 1 and 2, wherein the imaging optics are used to characterize the position of the objects 5, 6 in space. In the embodiment shown, a polar angle about the longitudinal direction H of the optical aperture 2 relative to a normal to the plane of the optical aperture 2 can be determined. By arranging two or more imaging optics, or one imaging optics with a corresponding number of apertures 2, mirrors 3 and sensors 4 oriented accordingly to different spatial directions, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the positions of objects 5, 6 and light sources 1, and optionally their movement, in space can be characterized by determining the respective angles to different spatial directions and, if appropriate, changing them. In addition, a distance from objects 5, 6 and light sources 1 to the imaging optics can be determined stereoscopically.

[0065] Figure 4 shows a side view of an imaging optic and two objects 5, 6 with light sources 1 arranged thereon at different positions in space, the arrangement of the imaging optic and the objects 5, 6 corresponding to that in Figure 3. The distances R, r, d and angles phil, phi2 are shown in projection. A polar angle phil, phi2 with respect to a normal to the plane of the optical aperture 2 of the light beams emanating from the objects 5, 6 with the light sources 1 can be determined from the positions xl, x2 of the impact along the longitudinal extent LI of the at least one light-sensitive sensor 4.

[0066] Figure 5 shows a plan view of an imaging optic, wherein the arrangement of the imaging optic and the objects 5, 6 can correspond to that of Figure 3. The distances R, r, d and angles phil, phi2 are shown in projection.

[0067] In order to detect the position and / or movement of at least one object 5, 6 in space, light emitted by at least one object 5, 6 can pass through at least one optical aperture 2, be reflected by at least one beam-shaping optical element 3 in the form of a plano-concave cylindrical mirror and impinge on at least one light-sensitive sensor 4 and be detected by the latter.

[0068] The emission of light from multiple objects 5, 6 or light sources 1 can be serially clocked to enable differentiation between objects 5, 6 and light sources 1. Different spectral distributions and sensors with different sensitivity are also conceivable.

[0069] The light emitted by at least one object 5, 6 can, as shown in the figures, pass through the at least one optical aperture 2 at different polar angles phil, phi2 around a longitudinal direction H of the optical aperture 2, impinge on a cylinder jacket segment of the plano-concave cylindrical mirror as a function of the polar angle phil, phi2 and be reflected, impinge and be detected at a position xl, x2 along a longitudinal extension LI of at least one light-sensitive sensor 4 designed as a line sensor or area sensor as a function of the polar angle phil, phi2 and as a result the respective polar angle phil, phi2 can be determined from the position xl, x2 of the impingement along the longitudinal extension LI of the at least one light-sensitive sensor 4 by an evaluation device 7.

[0070] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of an arrangement of three differently aligned imaging optics and the polar angles phil of an object 5 with a light source 1 arranged on it in space, each of which is recorded by the imaging optics. The respectively recorded polar angles phil are measured here, analogously to the previously discussed figures, with respect to a normal to the plane of the respective optical aperture 2. If the dimensions and the spatial orientation of the arrangement of the imaging optics are known - or correspondingly recorded - the position of an object 5 in space can be determined trigonometrically from the respectively recorded polar angles phil by means of angles a1, a2, a3 to predetermined or predeterminable spatial directions. A determination can be made by means of an evaluation device 7 as shown by way of example in Figure 3.Figure 7 shows a perspective view of an arrangement of three differently aligned imaging optics used to detect the spatial position of an object 5. The spatial position of the object 5 can be characterized by the detected angles a1, a2, a3.

[0071] Reference character list

[0072] 1 light source

[0073] 2 optical aperture

[0074] 3 beam-shaping optical element

[0075] 4 light-sensitive sensor

[0076] 5 Object

[0077] 6 Object

[0078] 7 Evaluation device

[0079] 21 Stomata

[0080] Hl Height of stoma

[0081] H Longitudinal direction

[0082] Bl Width of stomata

[0083] B Transverse direction phil Polar angle phi2 Polar angle

[0084] C cylinder axis

[0085] R radius of curvature

[0086] L longitudinal direction

[0087] LI Longitudinal extension xl Position x2 Position r Distance d Distance

Claims

Patent claims 1. Imaging optics for imaging at least one light source (1) onto at least one light-sensitive sensor (4), wherein the imaging optics has at least one optical aperture (2), at least one beam-shaping optical element (3) and the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4), characterized in that the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3) is a plano-concave cylindrical mirror, in particular a plano-concave circular-cylindrical mirror.

2. Imaging optics according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3) is arranged in the optical beam path between the at least one optical aperture (2) and the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4).

3. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one optical aperture (2) and / or the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) is or are arranged at least partially outside an optical plane of the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3).

4. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the imaging optics has a folded beam path between the at least one optical aperture (2) and the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4).

5. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the imaging optics images a slit opening (21) of the at least one optical aperture (2) onto the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4).

6. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) is an area sensor or a line sensor.

7. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one optical diaphragm (2) is a slit diaphragm with a slit opening (21) with a predetermined or predeterminable width (Bl) along a transverse direction (B) and a predetermined or predeterminable height (Hl) along a longitudinal direction (H).

8. Imaging optics according to the preceding claim, wherein the slit opening (21) runs along the longitudinal direction (H) parallel to a cylinder axis (C) of the beam-shaping optical element (3).

9. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) is a line sensor or an area sensor with a longitudinal extension (LI) along a longitudinal direction (L) of the sensor (4) and the longitudinal direction (L) runs transversely, in particular at right angles, to a cylinder axis (C) of the beam-shaping optical element (3).

10. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) is designed as a line sensor or an area sensor with a longitudinal extension (LI) along a longitudinal direction (L) of the sensor (4) and a polar angle (phil, phi2) about a longitudinal direction (H) of the optical aperture (2) can be determined from a position (xl, x2) of the imaged light source (1) along the longitudinal extension (LI) of the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4).

11. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) is arranged substantially at a distance (r) from the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3) which is smaller than the radius of curvature (R), preferably smaller than three-quarters of the radius of curvature (R), particularly preferably smaller than two-thirds of the radius of curvature (R), in particular substantially half of the radius of curvature (R), of the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3), and / or the at least one optical aperture (2) is arranged substantially at a distance (d) from the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3) which is smaller than the radius of curvature (R), preferably smaller than three-quarters of the radius of curvature (R), particularly preferably smaller than two-thirds of the radius of curvature (R), in particular substantially half of the radius of curvature (R), of the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3).

12. Imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one optical aperture (2), the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3) and the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) are arranged on vertices of a triangle, and / or the at least one optical aperture (2) and the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) are arranged spatially between the at least one light source (1) and the at least one beam-shaping optical element (3).

13. Use of an imaging optics according to one of the preceding claims for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object (5, 6) in space, wherein at least one light source (1) is arranged on the at least one object (5, 6).

14. Method for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object (5, 6) in space, in particular using an imaging optics according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein light emitted by at least one object (5, 6) passes through at least one optical aperture (2), is reflected by at least one beam-shaping optical element (3) in the form of a plano-concave cylindrical mirror, strikes at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) and is detected by the latter.

15. Method for detecting the position and / or movement of at least one object (5, 6) in space according to the preceding claim, wherein the light emitted by at least one object (5, 6) passes through the at least one optical aperture (2) at a polar angle (phil, phi2) around a longitudinal direction (H) of the optical aperture (2), impinges on a cylinder jacket segment of the plano-concave cylindrical mirror as a function of the polar angle (phil, phi2) and is reflected, impinges on a position (xl, x2) along a longitudinal extension (LI) along a longitudinal direction (L) of at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) designed as a line sensor or area sensor and is detected as a function of the polar angle (phil, phi2), the polar angle (phil, phi2) is determined from the position (xl,x2 ) of the impact along the longitudinal extension (LI) along a longitudinal direction (L) of the at least one light-sensitive sensor (4) is determined by an evaluation device (7) of an imaging optics.,

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