Soil working device

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil working device comprising a frame device and a blade unit which is detachably secured to the frame device and can be moved during operation in a working direction through the ground to produce a furrow, wherein the frame device and the blade unit each have at least one first continuous recess in a transverse direction at an angle to the working direction, wherein the first recess of the frame device is aligned with the first recess of the blade unit about a first recess centre axis and a first securing element extends through the first recesses, and the frame device or the blade unit has at least one second continuous recess in the transverse direction with a second recess centre axis, through which a second securing element extends and which is open to the outside in a longitudinal section in an insertion direction, wherein the insertion direction is angled in the longitudinal section in relation to a tangential direction oriented perpendicular to an auxiliary straight line through the two recess centre axes. The invention also relates to an agricultural machine with a machine frame on which a plurality of soil working devices, offset relative to one another in the transverse direction, are moveably arranged at least in a direction perpendicular to the transverse direction.

Description

[0001] Soil cultivation equipment

[0002] The invention relates to a soil tillage device. The soil tillage device comprises a frame device and a share unit. The share unit is detachably attached to the frame device and, during operation, can be moved through the soil in a working direction to create a furrow. The frame device and the share unit each have at least one first recess which is continuous in a transverse direction angled to the working direction. The first recess of the frame device is aligned with the first recess of the share unit about a first recess center axis. A first fastening element extends through the first recesses. The frame device or the share unit has at least one second recess which is continuous in the transverse direction and has a second recess center axis. A second fastening element extends through the second recess.The second recess is open outwards in a longitudinal section in an insertion direction.

[0003] Such a soil tillage device is known. For its mounting on the frame device, the share unit must be pivoted about the first recess center axis, while the first fastening element is arranged in the first recesses. This allows the second fastening element to be guided into the second recess. The second fastening element creates a force-locking connection between the share unit and the frame device. The open second recess is advantageous because it facilitates the mounting and dismounting of the share unit in that it no longer requires the complete removal of the second fastening element from the second recess in the transverse direction.A disadvantage of the known soil tillage device is a lack of reliability in the fastening of the share unit to the frame device, since the share unit pivots back around the first recess center axis, particularly under harsh operating conditions, despite the flow of force.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a generic soil tillage device whose share unit is reliably fixed to the frame device.

[0005] According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the insertion direction in longitudinal section is angled to a tangential direction oriented perpendicular to an auxiliary straight line through the two recess center axes. This means that the insertion direction in longitudinal section is angled by less than 90° to a radial line related to the first recess center axis, which intersects the second recess center axis. This design of the second recess means that the blade unit cannot be pivoted about the first recess center axis, even independently of a frictional connection, as long as the fastening elements extend through the respective recesses.The inventive design retains the advantages of the outwardly open second recess, and with the aid of the fastening elements, a positive connection is achieved between the blade unit and the frame device, particularly in the region of the second recess, preferably at least radially to the first recess center axis. This results in a significantly more reliable attachment of the blade unit to the frame device.

[0006] The soil tillage device according to the invention is to be mounted in such a way that the share unit is first moved toward the frame device in the insertion direction or counter to the insertion direction until the second recess center axis coincides with a center axis of the second fastening element. The share unit is then pivoted about the second recess center axis until the first recesses are aligned about the first recess center axis. The first fastening element is then inserted transversely into the first recesses.

[0007] The soil tillage device according to the invention is, in particular, an agricultural machine. The share unit is, in particular, designed as a share. The share unit is, in particular, designed to be mirror-symmetrical. The share unit serves to laterally displace the soil. The recesses are preferably arranged above the soil surface during operation. The frame device and / or the share unit are / are, in particular, designed in one or more parts. The frame device and / or the share unit are / are preferably rigid, particularly preferably made of steel. A cutting plane of the longitudinal section is preferably arranged parallel to the working direction and vertically. A cutting plane of a cross-section is preferably arranged parallel to the transverse direction and vertically. The transverse direction is, in particular, oriented at right angles to the working direction.

[0008] The second recess is in particular designed to be open to the outside in such a way that the second fastening element can move relative to the blade unit or the frame device, apart from the transverse direction, only in the insertion direction. In longitudinal section, the second recess is in particular U-shaped. Preferably, the second recess is formed, among other things, by opposite edges of the blade unit or the frame device which are parallel to the insertion direction and whose spacing in particular corresponds at least substantially to a diameter of the second fastening element, wherein a clearance fit is preferably present. The open second recess preferably allows the blade unit to be pushed in, suspended or hooked and then pivoted on the frame device before the first fastening element is inserted into the first recesses.

[0009] Preferably, particularly in cross-section, at least a portion of the blade unit lies between two parts of the frame device, or at least a portion of the frame device lies between two parts of the blade unit. The blade unit comprises, in particular, a blade body, preferably formed from a cast metal, with a blade tip, and two sheet metal elements fixedly arranged on the blade body, which are in detachable contact with the frame device. The sheet metal elements extend flatly at right angles to the transverse direction.

[0010] The blade unit preferably has the second recess. Particularly preferably, the blade unit has two second recesses and / or two first recesses, which are arranged offset from one another, in particular in the transverse direction, wherein, in particular, each of the sheet metal elements has a first and a second recess.

[0011] Preferably, the insertion direction is oriented at least partially away from the first recess center axis. This means that the insertion direction coincides at least partially with a direction parallel to the auxiliary straight line, which points away from the first recess center axis. This facilitates assembly in that the second fastening element does not have to be gripped from the inside with the second recess during assembly, but rather the blade unit can be pushed directly from the outside against the second fastening element before the first recesses are pivoted over one another.

[0012] The second recess is preferably arranged in front of the first recesses in relation to the working direction. The second recess is preferably designed such that it is further away from the ground during operation than the first recesses. This reduces the risk of earth stirred up by the share unit wearing out the second recess, in particular its edges which are important for fastening the share unit. The second recess center axis is preferably equidistant from both edges and a recess base of the second recess, which is the one furthest inside the share unit or the frame device. The recess base is in particular semicircular in longitudinal section. The second recess center axis coincides in particular with a longitudinal center axis of the second fastening element.

[0013] Preferably, the insertion direction is angled in longitudinal section to the tangential direction by an angle of at least 30°, preferably at least 50°, particularly preferably at least 70°. This ensures that, even with a certain amount of play between the second fastening element and the second recess, only the smallest possible pivoting of the blade unit relative to the frame device about the first recess center axis is possible.

[0014] The first recesses are, in particular, through-holes. The first recesses are preferably completely enclosed by the frame device or the blade unit. The first recesses are, in particular, round in longitudinal sections through the frame device or the blade unit, with the first recess center axis running through the center of the recesses and corresponding to their axis of symmetry. Alternatively, at least one of the first recesses is optionally open to the outside, with its insertion direction preferably differing from the insertion direction of the second recess.

[0015] The first fastening element is preferably designed to be movable relative to the blade unit and / or movable relative to the frame device. The first fastening element preferably has a clearance fit within the first recesses. The first fastening element is particularly preferably designed as a screw. Its advantage is that, in addition to the positive connection, a frictional connection can also be achieved between the blade unit and the frame device. As an alternative to the screw, the first fastening element is preferably designed as a bolt or pin, in particular with an axial locking device.

[0016] The blade unit or the frame device preferably has a second recess which is aligned with the second recess of the frame device or blade unit about the second recess center axis and is continuous in the transverse direction. Thus, both the blade unit and the frame device each have a second recess, wherein the second recesses are aligned similarly to the first recesses. In contrast to the second recess of the frame device or blade unit, the second recess of the blade unit or frame device is preferably completely enclosed, in particular like the first recesses. The second fastening element extends through the second recesses. The second fastening element is preferably designed to be movable relative to the blade unit and relative to the frame device in the transverse direction. In particular, the second fastening element is designed as a screw.Even if the second fastening element can be removed from the second recesses, it can remain in the second recess of the blade unit or the frame device during assembly or disassembly of the blade unit due to the open design of the second recess of the frame device or blade unit. Alternatively, the second fastening element is enclosed by the blade unit or frame device, thereby reducing the number of parts that move relative to one another.

[0017] The frame device comprises, in particular, a one-piece frame element, particularly formed as a cast part. The first recess of the frame device and the second recess of the frame device are preferably formed in the frame element. Because both recesses are formed in the same component of the frame device, they can be positioned more precisely relative to one another, resulting in a more resilient connection between the share unit and the frame device.

[0018] The soil tillage device preferably comprises a first cover element which, in particular with respect to the working direction, rests laterally against the share unit or the frame device. The first cover element preferably has a first recess into or through which the first fastening element extends. The first cover element particularly preferably has a second recess into or through which the second fastening element extends. The first recess and / or the second recess of the first cover element preferably have / has an internal thread. The first cover element enables a large-area axial force to be applied to the frame device or the share unit. The internal thread also makes nuts for the fastening elements, which are preferably designed as screws, superfluous.In particular, the first cover element allows disassembly of the share unit, in particular removal of the first fastening element, with only a single wrench and without any additional tools.

[0019] The soil tillage device preferably has a second cover element which rests laterally on the share unit or the frame device opposite the first cover element. The second cover element has a first recess through which the first fastening element extends. The second cover element in particular has a second recess through which the second fastening element extends. In particular, screw heads of the fastening elements rest on a lateral surface of the second cover element, wherein the fastening elements have a clearance fit within the second cover element. The second cover element is in particular located opposite the first cover element in that at least part of the share unit and at least part of the frame device is arranged between the cover elements.The second cover element also enables axial forces to be introduced over a larger area into the connection area between the blade unit and the frame device. At least one of the fastening elements and the second cover element can optionally be formed in one piece. The first cover element and / or the second cover element have, in a side view or in a longitudinal section, a substantially arcuate underside and / or a substantially arcuate upper side. In particular, the cover elements have, at least apart from their recesses, an at least substantially identical geometry. The arcuate shape is to be understood in particular as an arcuate shape about an axis parallel to the transverse direction. The arcuate underside allows for advantageous.

[0020] The curved upper surface allows for the space-saving insertion of a singling wheel for a seed singling device optionally included in the soil tillage system. In the side view and in the longitudinal section, the underside and upper surfaces converge against the working direction. The recesses of the cover element are both located in a front half of the cover element.

[0021] The soil tillage device preferably comprises a holding element which is enclosed by the frame device. The holding element particularly preferably extends into or through the frame element. Preferably, the holding element extends in the transverse direction into or through the first cover element and / or the second cover element. The holding element is in particular arranged so as to be stationary relative to the frame element and movable at least in the transverse direction relative to the at least one cover element. The holding element is in particular a dowel pin which is introduced into the frame element in a force-fitting or form-fitting manner. The holding element serves to hold the at least one cover element in its intended position even when at least one of the fastening elements has been removed from the respective recesses. The holding element thus simplifies the assembly and disassembly of the share unit.

[0022] The frame device preferably comprises a stop element. The stop element is positioned in particular such that the first recesses are aligned when the second recesses are aligned and the stop element rests against the blade unit. The blade unit preferably has an outwardly open recess into which the stop element can be inserted. Particularly preferably, the stop element is formed integrally with the retaining element.

[0023] The soil tillage device preferably comprises a sowing device. The sowing device preferably comprises a container for storing seeds and a singling device for singling the seeds. Furthermore, the singling device particularly preferably serves to deposit the seeds in the furrow, in particular between the sheet metal elements. The upper side of the cover elements extends in particular in an arc around an axis of rotation of a singling wheel of the singling device. In particular, the soil tillage device according to the invention is thus a seed drill. The invention is further achieved by an agricultural machine with a plurality of soil tillage devices as described above and / or below, offset from one another in the transverse direction.The soil tillage devices are arranged on a machine frame of the agricultural machine, in particular, so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the transverse direction. The machine is, in particular, a multi-row precision seed drill for beets.

[0024] Further details and advantages of the invention can be found in the schematically illustrated embodiments described below. They show:

[0025] Fig. 1 shows an agricultural machine according to the invention in a perspective view,

[0026] Fig. 2 the agricultural machine in a front view,

[0027] Fig. 3 the agricultural machine in a rear view,

[0028] Fig. 4 shows a soil cultivation device of the agricultural machine according to the invention in a side view,

[0029] Fig. 5 the soil tillage device in a perspective view,

[0030] Fig. 6 is a side view of a part of the soil tillage device, Fig. 7 is the side view according to Fig. 6 without showing fastening elements and cover elements,

[0031] Fig. 8 shows the side view. Fig. 6 without showing fastening elements and the blade unit,

[0032] Fig. 9 shows the side view of Fig. 8 without showing a second cover element,

[0033] Fig. 10 a longitudinal section through the soil tillage device,

[0034] Fig. 11 shows a section through the soil tillage device along a plane in which the recess center axes lie.

[0035] Parts with the same or similar functions are provided with identical reference numerals where appropriate. The individual technical features of the embodiments described below can also lead to further developments according to the invention when combined differently than described.

[0036] The agricultural machine 50 shown in Figs. 1 to 3 is to be coupled to an agricultural tractor (not shown) by means of a coupling device 54. During operation, the machine 50 is moved in a working direction AR. The machine 50 comprises a machine frame 52 and twelve soil tillage devices 2. The soil tillage devices 2 are arranged on the machine frame 52 in a transverse direction QR perpendicular to the working direction AR. Relative to the machine frame 52, the soil tillage devices 2 are individually movable in a vertical direction BR.

[0037] The structure of the individual soil tillage devices 2 is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. Each soil tillage device 2 comprises a frame device 4 and a seed drill with a container 36 for storing seeds. Furthermore, the seed drill includes a singling device 38 for singling the seeds and depositing them in a furrow. A coulter unit 6 is used to create the furrow during operation.

[0038] The share unit 6 is detachably attached to the frame device 4. The share unit 6 comprises a central share body 44 and two sheet metal elements 40, 42, between which a frame element 32 of the frame device 4 is arranged (cf. Fig. 10 and 11). The share unit 6 has a first recess 10 and a second recess 12. The frame device 4 also has a first recess 8 and a second recess 18. All of these recesses 8, 10, 12, 18 are continuous in the transverse direction QR. The first recesses 8, 10 are aligned about a first recess center axis MA1. The second recesses 12, 18 are aligned about a second recess center axis MA2 (cf. Fig. 7 and 9). The second recess 12 of the share unit 6 is shown in side view. Fig. 7 in an insertion direction ER open to the outside.The insertion direction ER is angled to a tangential direction TR, which is oriented perpendicular to an auxiliary line HG that runs through the two recess center axes MA1, MA2. Specifically, the insertion direction ER is angled to the tangential direction TR by an angle a of at least 70° in the side view. The insertion direction ER is directed away from the first recess center axis MA1. The second recesses 12, 18 are arranged in front of the first recesses 8, 10 with respect to the working direction AR and behind the first recesses 8, 10 with respect to the direction BR.

[0039] A first fastening element 14, designed as a screw, extends through the first recesses 8, 10. A second fastening element 16, designed as a screw, extends through the second recesses 12, 18 (see Fig. 6). The fastening elements 14, 16 extend into a first recess 22 and a second recess 24, respectively, which each have an internal thread, of a first cover element 20. The first cover element 20 is arranged to the right of the share unit 6, as viewed in the working direction. A second cover element 26 is arranged opposite the first cover element 20. The second cover element 26 also has a first recess 23 and a second recess 25, through which the fastening elements 14, 16 extend. Both cover elements 20, 26 have both an arcuate underside and an arcuate top side (see Fig. 8).The frame device 4 comprises a holding element 34 which is arranged in a non-positively immovable manner in the frame element 32 and extends into the first cover element 20 and the second cover element 26, wherein the cover elements 20, 26 are movable relative to the holding element 34 in the transverse direction QR.

Claims

Claims 1. Soil cultivation device (2) comprising a frame device (4) and a share unit (6) detachably attached to the frame device (4) and to be moved through the ground in a working direction (AR) during operation to create a furrow, wherein the frame device (4) and the share unit (6) each have at least one first recess (8, 10) which is continuous in a transverse direction (QR) angled to the working direction (AR), wherein the first recess (8) of the frame device (4) is aligned with the first recess (10) of the share unit (6) about a first recess center axis (MA1) and a first fastening element (14) extends through the first recesses (8, 10), and the frame device (4) or the share unit (6) has at least one second recess (12) which is continuous in the transverse direction (QR) and has a second recess center axis (MA2).through which a second fastening element (16) extends and which is open to the outside in a longitudinal section in an insertion direction (ER), characterized in that the insertion direction (ER) is angled in the longitudinal section to a tangential direction (TR), which is oriented at right angles to an auxiliary straight line (HG) through the two recess center axes (MA1, MA2).

2. Soil cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the insertion direction (ER) is at least partially directed away from the first recess center axis (MA1).

3. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second recess (12) is arranged in front of the first recesses (8, 10) with respect to the working direction (AR).

4. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insertion direction (ER) is angled in longitudinal section by an angle (a) to the tangential direction (TR) which is at least 30°, preferably at least 50°, particularly preferably at least 70°.

5. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first fastening element (14) is designed as a screw.

6. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the share unit (6) or the frame device (4) has a second recess (18) which is aligned with the second recess (12) of the frame device (4) or share unit (6) about the second recess center axis (MA2) and which is continuous in the transverse direction (QR).

7. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second fastening element (16) is designed to be movable relative to the share unit (6) and relative to the frame device (4) in the transverse direction (QR), in particular as a screw.

8. Soil cultivation device according to claim 7, characterized in that the frame device (4) comprises a one-piece frame element (32), in particular designed as a cast part, in which the first recess (8) of the frame device (4) and the second recess (18) of the frame device (4) are formed.

9. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a first cover element (20) which bears laterally against the share unit (6) or the frame device (4) and has a first recess (22) into or through which the first fastening element (14) extends, and a second recess (24) into or through which the second fastening element (16) extends.

10. Soil cultivation device according to claim 9, characterized in that the first recess (22) and the second recess (24) of the first cover element (20) each have an internal thread.

11. Soil cultivation device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized by a second cover element (26) which rests laterally on the share unit (6) or the frame device (4) opposite the first cover element (20) and has a first recess (23) through which the first fastening element (14) extends, and a second recess (25) through which the second fastening element (16) extends.

12. Soil cultivation device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the first cover element (20) and / or the second cover element (26) has a substantially arcuate underside (28) and / or a substantially arcuate upper side (30) in a side view.

13. Soil cultivation device according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized by a holding element (34) encompassed by the frame device (4), which holding element extends in or through a frame element (32), in particular designed as a cast part, of the frame device (4) and in or through the first cover element (20) and / or the second cover element (26), wherein the holding element (34) is arranged stationary relative to the frame element (32) and movable at least in the transverse direction (QR) relative to the cover elements (20, 26) or the cover element (20, 26).

14. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a sowing device comprising a container (36) for storing seeds, a singling device (38) for singling the seeds and for depositing the seeds in the furrow.

15. Agricultural machine (50) with a machine frame (52) on which a plurality of soil tillage devices (2) offset from one another in the transverse direction (QR) are arranged to be movable at least in a direction (BR) perpendicular to the transverse direction (QR).

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