Coated lens body

Abstract

One aspect of the invention relates to a coated lens, in particular a spectacle lens, having a lens body (2) consisting of a mineral lens or a plastic lens, a silicon oxide layer (4), which is arranged directly or indirectly on an area or surface of the lens body (2), and a slide-enhancing covalently bound omniphobic layer (6) which is formed on the silicon oxide layer (4), wherein the omniphobic layer (6) has at least one silicon organic compound. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing an omniphobic layer on a lens body.

Description

[0001] Coated glass body

[0002] The present invention relates to a coated glass body, in particular a coated spectacle lens.

[0003] Eyeglass lenses are known from the state of the art that feature a top layer of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) to make them easy to clean. This is often achieved by applying such a material as the final layer after the individual anti-reflective coatings in a high-vacuum vapor deposition system. Criticism of PFAS has been growing for several years because, despite their beneficial water- and grease-repellent properties, these chemicals do not degrade in the environment and are therefore increasingly accumulating.

[0004] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a simple-to-produce and environmentally friendly coating for glass bodies. This object is achieved by a glass body having the features of claim 1 and by a method for producing such a coated glass body having the features of claim 29. Preferred embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0005] One aspect of the invention relates to a coated glass, in particular a spectacle lens, comprising:

[0006] - a glass body made of mineral glass or plastic glass;

[0007] - a silicon oxide layer which is arranged directly or indirectly on a surface of the glass body;

[0008] - a slip-promoting omniphobic covalently bonded layer formed on the silicon oxide layer, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises at least one organosilicon compound.

[0009] Advantageously, a mechanically stable coating can be formed on the glass body, which can prevent the adhesion of both hydrophilic and oleophilic substances in order to improve the view through the glass, in particular the spectacle lens.

[0010] According to the invention, the glass body is not subject to any particular restriction. Preferably, the glass body is an object that can be used as an optical material, for example, as an ophthalmic lens or as a spectacle lens. However, the glass body is not limited to ophthalmic lenses and can be any transparent or optical object to which, in particular, a coating can be applied. Specific examples include glasses such as crown glass, mineral glass, window glass, flat glass, windshields or viewing windows, or elements of optical sensors, light sources or photographic lenses, or plastics such as polyacrylates or ceramics.

[0011] The term "glass" according to the invention generally refers to amorphous solids which, upon cooling from a melt in the range of the glass transition temperature, transform into the solid state without crystallizing, and which in particular contain a proportion of silicon dioxide, e.g., quartz glass, crown glass, flint glass, and borosilicate glass, and are therefore also called mineral glass. However, according to the invention, the term "glass" can also be understood to refer to a number of other transparent materials, for example, organic glasses or plastic glasses, for example for spectacles; plastic panels, in particular made of acrylic glass for viewing windows in housings, buildings, and the like; or for transparent objects made of ceramic, such as the sight glass of a fireplace or glass-ceramic hobs.However, glass within the meaning of the application can also include natural, transparent, solid mineral materials, such as crystalline silicon dioxide or thin layered silicates, or natural glasses such as moldavite or mane glass. The glass body can be plane-parallel, plate-shaped, or curved.

[0012] One aspect preferably relates to viewing windows, in particular for housings of measuring devices, sensors, buildings, etc., with the additional features of claim 1. In particular, the viewing windows can be designed to be exposed to outdoor weathering, for example in housings of cameras that are positioned outdoors, so that contamination is advantageously reduced and the camera's visibility is improved, for example. (Optical) sensors can also be immersed in a medium, for example, wherein a glass body according to the invention separates the sensor from the medium and protects it from it. In this case, too, the glass body according to the invention can protect the sensor from contamination. One aspect thus relates to an (optical) sensor or another electronic passive or active component with the additional features of claim 1. Furthermore, other weathered glass bodies can be provided.Thus, some aspects relate to a window glass, a cover glass for or of solar panels, a glass pane of a vehicle, aircraft or watercraft or a glass body of a lamp or a lighting device, each with the additional features of claim 1. Finally, glass bodies which are frequently touched, such as fingerprint readers, screens, smartphone displays, drinking glasses, cuvettes or other laboratory equipment, decorative objects (knick-knacks) made of glass, each of which is provided with the additional features of claim 1 in order to be less susceptible to dirt, thereby improving function and optical appearance.

[0013] The glass body preferably consists of a transparent plastic, for example a transparent plastic substrate, which can be treated or untreated. The glass body is formed, for example, essentially from polythiourethane, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, or polydiethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate, although other transparent plastic materials can also be used. In particular, it is preferred that the glass body is formed essentially from an acrylate polymer, such as polymethyl methacrylate or polymethyl acrylate. The glass body can be formed with, at least in some regions, substantially planar surfaces and / or with, at least in some regions, substantially curved surfaces.

[0014] The glass body may already have one or more functional layers. Suitable functional layers include, for example, a primer coating to increase fracture strength, a hard coating to increase scratch resistance, a non-stick or easy-to-clean layer, a conductive layer to improve antistatic properties, a reflective layer or multi-layer reflective coating, an anti-reflective layer or multi-layer anti-reflective coating, a coloring layer, etc.

[0015] The glass body has a silicon oxide layer which is arranged directly or indirectly on a surface of the glass body. The silicon oxide layer can be formed by evaporating silicon monoxide (SiO), silicon dioxide and / or silicon or a mixture thereof in a PVD process under vacuum, whereby monomolecular SiO is formed in the gas phase (hence the term PVD process for physical vapor deposition) and precipitates in a thin layer on the glass body, for example the optical lenses. Depending on the oxygen partial pressure set during the process, the silicon oxide layer is deposited as silicon monoxide (SiO), low-valent silicon oxide (e.g. Si2O5) or silicon dioxide (SiO2) or as a mixture of two or three of the aforementioned materials. The surface of the glass body orThe optical lenses are thereby advantageously hardened, but in particular also prepared for a covalent bond with a slip-promoting omniphobic layer which is formed on the silicon oxide layer.

[0016] The term "omniphobic" is defined in the present invention as "dirt-repellent" or "dirt-adhesion-reducing" or "liquid-repellent." Advantageously, the omniphobic layer is hydrophobic and / or oleophobic, whereby the repulsion of fat-loving and water-loving phases particularly effectively prevents soiling of the surface of the coated glass and enables easy cleaning of the coated glass.

[0017] This makes it easy to clean fingerprints from eyeglass lenses, for example. The coated glass can also be used in optical sensors or cameras, providing better protection against contamination and thus incorrect measurements, as well as allowing the sensors to be cleaned more easily and thus put back into operation. The coated glass according to the invention also offers advantages in cleaning when used as windshields or window glass, thus increasing road safety and reducing cleaning effort.

[0018] The omniphobic layer contains at least one organosilicon compound.

[0019] Organosilicon compounds (also: organosilicon compounds) is the collective term for compounds that either have direct silicon-carbon bonds (Si-C) or in which the carbon is linked to the silicon via oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms. Organosilicon compounds can be described by the general formula R n SiX4- n (with n from 1 to 4), where R represents various organic radicals, such as aliphatics, aromatics, and heterocycles. X represents various groups (see table).

[0020] The organosilicon compound(s) can be a linear or open-chain compound. The at least one organosilicon compound in the omniphobic layer can have at least one carbon atom, at least one oxygen atom, at least one nitrogen atom, at least one halogen atom, and / or at least one sulfur atom, each of which is linked to an associated silicon atom. The omniphobic layer preferably comprises at least one siloxane, in particular a linear siloxane. Siloxanes are polymers with a repeating siloxane unit — Si-O—, where the silicon atom has two organic radicals R1 and R2, which are preferably alkyl groups. A preferred siloxane compound would be, for example, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, CAS 63148-62-9) with the chemical formula C2HeOSi, where the two organic radicals R1 and R2 each represent a methyl group (CH3).An omniphobic layer comprising PDMS as organosilicon compound can be obtained by hydrolysis reaction using the monomer dimethyldimethoxysilane (CAS 1112-39-6) with the chemical formula Si(OCH3)2(CH3)2 as precursor or starting substance, optionally using an acidic catalyst, whereby polydimethylsiloxane is formed.

[0021] Alternatively or in addition to the at least one organosilicon compound, the omniphobic layer can also comprise at least one silane or silanol. Preferably, the omniphobic layer can comprise a linear or acyclic silane or a cyclic silane. The term silane refers to a group of chemical compounds consisting of a silicon backbone and hydrogen. The general molecular formula of linear or acyclic (open-chain, also called catena-silanes) silanes is Si nH2n+2. Ring-shaped silicon-hydrogen compounds, also called cyclosilanes, have the general formula Si nH2n. To date, only unbranched and branched silanes with up to 8 and cyclic silanes with 5 or 6 silicon atoms are known. These are all colorless gases or liquids. Silanes are pyrophoric, meaning they burn in air. Their reactivity decreases with increasing chain length. Even pentasilane no longer reacts spontaneously with the oxygen content of the air. From heptasilane onwards, silanes are no longer spontaneously igniting. Therefore, a silane with n greater than or equal to 7 is preferably chosen. Furthermore, long-chain silanes tend to decompose when exposed to oxygen and / or sunlight. Exposure to oxygen-free water is not critical, allowing their use in submerged conditions, for example, in sensors in pipelines. Compared to the parent compounds, polynuclear silanes are advantageously significantly more stable through substitution with halogens or organic residues.The omniphobic layer preferably comprises at least one silanol, in particular a linear silanol.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one organosilicon compound of the omniphobic layer consists of one or more functional groups, also referred to as tail groups, which are responsible for the omniphobic properties, and one or more coupling groups, also referred to as anchor groups or head groups, which are responsible for the bonding to the silicon oxide layer. In a further development of this, the at least one organosilicon compound can also comprise further components, preferably at least one further molecular group, particularly preferably two or more molecular groups, as explained in the following paragraphs.

[0023] The functional group or functional chain or tail group of the organosilicon compound has at least one alkyl group or one alkoxy group, represented by the structure -C n H2n+i- or -C nH2n+iO-, where n is an integer that assumes values ​​of 8 or greater, preferably 11 or greater. The properties of this alkyl group depend on its length or, more precisely, on the chain length of the alkyl group. This chain length is generally referred to as the C chain length based on the number of carbon atoms it contains. With regard to the length of the alkyl or alkoxy chain, substances with a chain length greater than or equal to C8 are preferred, particularly preferably with a chain length greater than or equal to 11, since these enable the formation of SAMS (self-assembled monolayers) in addition to their hydrophobic properties, which increase with increasing chain length. A longer alkyl chain in the tail group advantageously results in improved shielding of the coupling group, which is used for binding to the substrate.Good shielding advantageously leads to improved cleaning resistance, which means that such a connection survives a large number of cleaning strokes, whereby a cleaning stroke means the wiping movements typically present when cleaning a glass body of this type.

[0024] The organosilicon compound preferably has at least one hydrolyzable group as a coupling group or head group, which can react with water, resulting in the cleavage of a leaving group to form a low-molecular-weight compound. Advantageously, this can result in a hydrolysis reaction in which the organosilicon compound can bind to hydroxyl groups (OH groups) present or formed on the silicon oxide layer of the glass body to form the omniphobic layer, whereby the organosilicon compound forms a covalent bond with the silicon oxide layer of the glass body, thus forming the omniphobic layer on the glass body. Preferably, the at least one hydrolyzable group is a chloro- or ethoxy group, an amine, a silazane, an oxime, or an acetoxy group; in particular, the hydrolyzable group is a methoxy group.The number of coupling groups can vary from one to three, whereby instead of additional head or coupling groups, additional tail groups, i.e. omniphobic alkyl or alkoxy chains, can be present, which can bring about increased hydrophobicity or better shielding.

[0025] If an organosilicon compound has several alkyl or alkoxy groups as a tail group, the requirement with regard to the chain length is to be understood in such a way that at least one of the alkyl or alkoxy groups of the organosilicon compound has an alkyl or alkoxy group whose chain length L1 meets the requirement with regard to the presence of 8 or more carbon atoms, ie for the C chain length L1 of the at least one alkyl or alkoxy group or the longest alkyl or alkoxy group of the organosilicon compound, L1 > 8 applies.

[0026] The organosilicon compound can preferably comprise or be hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (CAS 16415-12-6) with the formula CH3(CH2)i5-Si(OCH3)3. More preferably, or also as a further organosilicon compound in combination with the aforementioned, the organosilicon compound can comprise or be octadecyltrimethoxysilane (CAS 3069-42-9) with the formula CH3(CH2)i7-Si(OCH3)3. The chain length of the tail group, the alkyl chain, is C16 or C18 in the above cases. The above-mentioned organosilicon compounds are methoxysilanes, whereby the organosilicon compound can alternatively or additionally contain chlorosilanes and / or ethoxysilanes, particularly preferably hexadecyltrichlorosilane, hexadecyltriethoxysilane, octadecyltrichlorosilane and / or octadecyltriethoxysilane.Organosilicon compounds with even longer alkyl chains can also be used, especially compounds with an alkyl chain length of C20 to C34, as these exhibit greater strength. As the length of the alkyl chain increases, noncovalent interactions between the hydrocarbon radicals are promoted, resulting in greater alignment or self-organization of the groups. A longer alkyl chain advantageously results in improved hydrophobic and oleophobic properties and improved resistance to cleaning.

[0027] As already mentioned above, the omniphobic layer may, in addition to the at least one organosilicon compound, also comprise a further, second organosilicon compound, ie, the omniphobic layer may comprise a mixture formed from at least two organosilicon compounds. This second organosilicon compound has, as a tail group, at least one alkyl or alkoxy group, represented by the structure -C n H2n+i- or -C nH2n+iO-, where n is an integer. Advantageously, the presence of at least two organosilicon compounds, which may differ in particular with regard to their substance class, structure, head groups, tail groups, and / or, preferably, with regard to the chain length of the tail groups, can form an omniphobic layer which, compared to an omniphobic layer comprising only one organosilicon compound, is characterized by improved properties, such as, for example, greater cleaning resistance and / or better or more pronounced hydrophobic and / or oleophobic properties.In order to be able to compare the organosilicon compounds contained in the mixture below with regard to the chain length of their tail group, the convention is used that for such comparisons, the alkyl or alkoxy group with the longest chain length is selected from among the alkyl or alkoxy groups present in the respective organosilicon compound. The carbon chain length L2 of the at least one tail group of the second organosilicon compound is initially not further restricted. Preferably, L2 is less than or equal to L1, and the difference in the carbon chain length of the at least two compounds AL is calculated as AL = (L1 - L2) / L1.

[0028] For a first organosilicon compound with a C chain length of the tail group of greater than or equal to 8, i.e. L1 > 8, preferably greater than or equal to 11, the omniphobic layer can be formed as a mixture of this compound and at least one further, second organosilicon compound, wherein the second organosilicon compound has a C chain length L2 of the tail group which differs only slightly with regard to the length of its longest alkyl or alkoxy group or has a comparable chain length, which is understood in particular to mean that AL is less than or equal to 0.25, preferably less than or equal to 0.15, in particular less than or equal to 0.1. In general, the effort required to synthesize long-chain alkyl or alkoxy substances increases with increasing chain length and it becomes increasingly difficult to produce pure substances, i.e.The substance to be synthesized can have proportions of higher and / or lower chain lengths, in particular, it can have proportions of the (next) higher and / or (next) lower chain lengths. Given that a long-chain(er) organosilicon compound does not have to be present in its pure form, but that the omniphobic layer can be formed from a mixture of two or more organosilicon compounds that differ only slightly in their chain length, as defined above, good omniphobic properties can be achieved in conjunction with an economical production process, which can be achieved with a reasonable synthesis effort due to a reduced demand on the purity of the synthesized substance.A mixture, for example, comprising the substances octadecyltrimethoxysilane with a carbon chain length of L1 = 18 and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane with a carbon chain length of L2 = 16, where in this case AL < 0.11, can be advantageously synthesized with little effort. Due to the comparable chain lengths, two organosilicon compounds of this nature are present in such a mixture in a mixing ratio of long-chain to short-chain(er) compound of the tail groups in approximately equal proportions (e.g., weight fractions and volume ratios). As a modification of this, a mixing ratio is also possible in which the short-chain compound is present in excess compared to the long-chain compound. As a modification of this, a mixing ratio is also possible in which the long-chain compound is present in excess compared to the short-chain compound.

[0029] For a first organosilicon compound with a C chain length of the tail group of greater than or equal to 8, i.e. L1 > 8, preferably greater than or equal to 11, the omniphobic layer can be formed as a mixture of this compound and at least one further, second, organosilicon compound, wherein the second organosilicon compound has a C chain length L2 of the tail group which differs significantly from the first with regard to the length of its longest alkyl or alkoxy group, which is understood in particular to mean that AL is greater than or equal to 0.5, preferably greater than or equal to 0.75, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 0.9, in particular at most 1. These, combined in a mixture, can form an omniphobic layer which has properties which are improved compared to an omniphobic layer comprising only one organosilicon compound.In this case, by adding the second substance having a significantly shorter alkyl or alkoxy chain of the tail group, the positive effect can be achieved that this substance can cover those areas on the surface of the vitreous body, or the silicon dioxide layer arranged there, during the formation of the omniphobic layer, which the comparatively long-chain first substance cannot cover due to steric hindrance, in order to thereby achieve a higher degree of coverage or a more seamless coverage of the vitreous body with the (or during the formation of the) omniphobic layer, which in turn achieves improved omniphobic properties and improved cleaning resistance.In addition to van der Waals interactions that occur between the alkyl chains of the tail groups of neighboring molecules, the coupling groups can also lead to the formation of cross-linking through covalent bonding of the coupling groups of neighboring molecules, since not all coupling groups bind to the surface of the glass body or a silicon oxide layer located there. Both the van der Waals interaction and the cross-linking lead to the shielding of the substrate surface and the coupling groups, thereby improving the cleaning resistance of the omniphobic layer.

[0030] A first example of a mixture for this would be a mixture with, as a first organosilicon compound, either octadecyltrimethoxysilane with a carbon chain length of L1 = 18 or hexadecyltrimethoxysilane with a carbon chain length of L1 = 16, mixed with trimethoxy(methyl)silane (CAS 1185-55-3 with the formula C4Hi2O3Si) as a second organosilicon compound with a carbon chain length of L2 = 1, i.e. in other words, a mixture of a long-chain compound and a comparatively short-chain compound is present. A second example of a mixture for this would be a mixture of, as the first organosilicon compound, either octadecyltrimethoxysilane with a carbon chain length of L1 = 18 orHexadecyltrimethoxsilane with a C-chain length of L1 = 16 as a first organosilicon compound in a mixture with trimethoxyoctylsilane (CAS 3069-40-7 with the formula C11H26O3S with a C-chain length of L2 = 8 as a second organosilicon compound, which results in a difference of AL « 0.56 or AL = 0.5, i.e. in other words that a mixture of a long-chain and a, in comparison, short-chain compound is present. Due to the different chain lengths, two such organosilicon compounds are present in such a mixture in approximately equal proportions. As a variation of this, a mixing ratio is also possible in which the short-chain compound is present in excess compared to the long-chain compound. As a variation of this, a mixing ratio is also possible in which the long-chain compound is present in excess compared to the short-chain compound.

[0031] Preferably, on the one hand, the above-mentioned organosilicon compounds are suitable for forming the omniphobic layer, which have a substantially linear molecular structure, which is understood in particular to mean the presence of a substantially linear alkyl chain as a tail group.

[0032] On the other hand, a non-linear organosilicon compound is also preferably suitable for forming the omniphobic layer, which includes organosilicon compounds whose molecular structure is non-linear, having, for example, at least one branch, and / or a cyclic structure, in particular a ring structure, and / or a dipodal structure.

[0033] Such branching is understood, on the one hand, to mean the presence of a substance with an alkyl or alkoxy group as a tail group, which exhibits a branch within this chain, such as the substance isobutyl(trimethoxy)silane or isooctyl(trimethoxy)silane. The branching of isobutyl(trimethoxy)silane is caused by two methyl groups (CHs group) at the end of the alkyl chain. Isooctyl(trimethoxy)silane exhibits a branched structure, caused by three methyl groups (CHs group) at the end of the alkyl chain and a methyl side group within the alkyl chain. On the other hand, this can also be understood to mean an organosilicon compound in which an additional alkyl group is present as a tail group, which is bonded to the silicon atom in addition (to the first alkyl group), such as the substance n-octadecylmethyldimethoxysilane (CAS 70-851-50-2 with the formula C2iH 46O2Si). Compounds branched in this way are characterized by improved omniphobic properties, since the branching(s) on the one hand provide better shielding of the coupling group and on the other hand the branching results in the presence of several tail groups, which results in increased or improved omniphobic, in particular hydrophobic, properties. In addition to the branched compounds mentioned above, nonlinear, in particular cyclic, compounds having a ring structure, preferably as an organosilicon compound, are also suitable for forming such an omniphobic layer, either in pure form or in a mixture with a second, or several further, linear or non-linear compounds. Aromatic silanes and / or cyclic azasilanes are particularly preferred here, the former being characterized by one (or several) aromatics, which is understood to mean an aromatic structure, within or at the end of the alkyl chain(s).The cyclic azasilanes have a cyclic structure containing a nitrogen atom and one or more alkyl or alkyl ether chains, with a ring-opening reaction occurring upon bonding. The group of cyclic azasilanes, in particular, is characterized by a comparatively high vapor pressure, which preferentially enables gas-phase reactions. This advantageously also enables alternative, particularly solvent-free, production processes for the omniphobic layer containing this compound(s), such as, for example, gas-phase deposition processes familiar to those skilled in the art. Examples of compounds from the group of cyclic azasilanes would be N-methyl-aza-2,2,4-trimethylsilacyclopentane (CAS 18387-19-4 with the formula CyHiyNSi) or Nn-butyl-aza-2,2-dimethoxysilacyclopentane (CAS 618914-44-6 with the formula CgH2iNO2Si).Examples of aromatic silane compounds would be 4-phenylbutyltrichlorosilane (CAS 17886-88-3 with the formula CioH C Si) or 3-phenoxypropyltrichlorosilane (CAS 60333-76-8 with the formula CgHnChOSi).

[0034] Alternatively, a dipodal organosilicon compound is also preferably suitable for forming the omniphobic layer. Dipodal organosilicon compounds are characterized by two silicon atoms, each with one or more coupling groups, as described above, and one or more tail groups, as described above. The presence of a higher number of coupling groups can promote bonding to the glass surface and thus improve the durability of the omniphobic layer. Compounds which have a dipodal structure are, for example, 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane (CAS 832079-33-1 with the formula Ci6H380eSi2), 1,8-bis(triethoxysilyl)octane (CAS 52217-60-4 with the formula C2oH460eSi2), 1,10-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane (CAS 122185-09-5 with the formula Ci6H380eSi2) or bis(trimethoxysilylethyl)benzene (CAS 266317-71-9 with the formula Ci6H3oOeSi2).

[0035] However, it would also be conceivable for the omniphobic layer to comprise a mixture comprising at least one compound having a substantially linear molecular structure and a compound having a non-linear molecular structure, or a mixture of at least two compounds, each of which has a non-linear structure.

[0036] It would also be possible for the omniphobic layer to comprise a mixture of at least two organosilicon compounds, wherein at least one of the organosilicon compounds comprises at least one pentafluorophenyl group, represented by the structure -CeFs. There is no upper limit to the number of pentafluorophenyl groups, although generally only one such group is present and ensures that the compound (and thus the subsequently formed omniphobic layer) has hydrophobic and / or oleophobic properties. The organosilicon compound does not contain a trifluoromethyl group or a difluoromethylene group and is therefore not affected by a possible ban on PFAS-containing substances. Preferably, there is a mixture of at least two organosilicon compounds, of which one compound comprises at least one pentafluorophenyl group and the second compound, or the further compounds, does not comprise or does not comprise a pentafluorophenyl group.Due to the molecular size of such a pentafluorophenyl group, steric hindrance can occur when covering a surface to form an omniphobic layer, resulting in patchy, incomplete, or only partial coverage. By using a mixture of at least two organosilicon compounds, only one of which has a pentafluorophenyl group, the compound containing this group can be stabilized by the other compound(s), so that the aforementioned directed orientation advantageously occurs, with the pentafluorophenyl group in particular pointing away from the surface to be coated, thus achieving the best possible omniphobic properties.A mixture preferably comprises, for example, pentafluorophenoxyundecyltrimethoxysilane (CAS 944721-47-5 with the formula C2oH3iFs04Si) as a first organosilicon compound with a C chain length of L1 = 11 and optionally trimethoxy(methyl)silane with a C chain length of L2 = 1 or trimethoxy-n-octylsilane with a C chain length C2 = 8 as a particularly preferred second organosilicon compound.

[0037] Preferably, even after more than 1,000 plastering strokes, preferably after more than 2,000 plastering strokes, and particularly preferably after more than 6,000 plastering strokes, the omniphobic layer forms a contact angle with water of at least 100° and a contact angle with hexadecane of at least 25°. Preferably, immediately after production, the omniphobic layer forms a contact angle with water of 100° to 110° and with hexadecane of 35° to 45°, i.e., even after the aforementioned 2,000 plastering strokes, there is only a slight change in this value.

[0038] The omniphobic layer preferably comprises a mixture of two, particularly preferably two or more, in particular a plurality of, organosilicon compounds which are formed as characterized above, and by combining different organosilicon compounds having different or differently long alkyl or alkoxy chains and / or having different molecular structures (linear, branched, ring-shaped, cyclic, dipodal), omniphobic layers with advantageous properties can be formed.

[0039] Without limitation thereto, some preferred embodiments are given below, whereby the invention is expressly not limited thereto, but these preferred embodiments are intended to serve merely as examples of the innumerable possible combinations.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises, as organosilicon compounds, a mixture of the compounds hexadecyltrimethoxysilane with a C-chain length of C16 and octadecyltrimethoxysilane with a C-chain length of C18. An omniphobic layer comprising the aforementioned mixture is characterized by improved omniphobicity and durability compared to the individual compounds.

[0041] According to a further preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises, as organosilicon compounds, the compound hexadecyltrimethoxysilane having a C-chain length of C16 in a mixture with at least one compound having a C-chain length of C1 or C3. By combining a long-chain compound with a compound having a short alkyl chain of a methyl group (CH5 group) or a propyl group (CH2-CH2-CH3), improved coverage of the surface to be provided with the omniphobic layer can advantageously be achieved.

[0042] According to a further preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises, as organosilicon compounds, the compound octadecyltrimethoxysilane having a C-chain length of C18 in a mixture with at least one compound having a C-chain length of C1 or C3. By combining a long-chain compound with a compound having a short alkyl chain of a methyl group (CH5 group) or a propyl group (CH2-CH2-CH3), improved coverage of the surface to be provided with the omniphobic layer can advantageously be achieved.

[0043] According to a further preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises, as the first organosilicon compound, a compound having a substantially linear alkyl or alkoxy chain, preferably hexadecyltrimethoxysilane or octadecyltrimethoxysilane, in a mixture with a second organosilicon compound having a branched alkyl or alkoxy chain, preferably isobutyl(trimethoxy)silane or isooctyl(trimethoxy)silane. This combination of a compound having a substantially linear and a compound having a branched alkyl or alkoxy chain is advantageously characterized by improved properties, in particular improved omniphobicity and improved durability, since the branched alkyl or alkoxy chain leads, on the one hand, to better shielding of the coupling group and, on the other hand, to improved durability of the layer.

[0044] According to a further preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises as the first organosilicon compound a compound having a substantially linear alkyl or alkoxy chain, preferably hexadecyltrimethoxysilane or octadecyltrimethoxysilane, in a mixture with a second organosilicon compound having a ring-shaped or cyclic structure, preferably this second compound is an aromatic silane such as 4-phenylbutyltrichlorosilane or 3-phenoxypropyltrichlorosilane, particularly preferably this second compound is a cyclic silane, in particular a cyclic azasilane, such as N-methyl-aza-2,2,4-trimethylsilacyclopentane or Nn-butyl-aza-2,2-dimethoxysilacyclopentane. This combination of a compound with a substantially linear and a compound with a ring-shaped or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy chain is advantageously characterized by the increased molecular weight of the ring-shaped or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy chain.Alkoxy chain, is characterized by an increased vapor pressure and is therefore particularly suitable for evaporation processes in the formation or production of the omniphobic layer.

[0045] According to a further preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises, as the first organosilicon compound, a compound having a substantially linear alkyl or alkoxy chain, preferably hexadecyltrimethoxysilane or octadecyltrimethoxysilane, in a mixture with a dipodal silane, preferably in a mixture with 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane, 1,8-bis(triethoxysilyl)octane, 1,10-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane, or bis(trimethoxysilylethyl)benzene. Such a mixture is advantageously characterized by improved coating durability, since the dipodal structure provides more bonding possibilities.

[0046] According to a further preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises hexadecyltrimethoxysilane or octadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with a siloxane, preferably in a mixture with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Such a mixture is advantageously characterized by improved omniphobic properties, good adhesion to the glass body, and the associated advantageous effect of improved durability.

[0047] According to a further preferred embodiment, the omniphobic layer comprises at least docosyltriethoxysilane (CAS 1604813-39-9) with the chemical formula C2sH6oO3Si and a C-chain length of C22 as the organosilicon compound. Such long-chain compounds are not commercially available in pure form, which is why docosyltriethoxysilane is generally a mixture of substances with C-chain lengths from C18 to C24, preferably from C20 to C24. Advantageously, very good omniphobic properties can be achieved with an omniphobic layer comprising docosyltriethoxysilane as the organosilicon compound, since the omniphobic properties increase with increasing chain length.

[0048] A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing an omniphobic coating on a glass body, comprising the following steps:

[0049] (i) providing a vitreous body;

[0050] (ii) forming a slip-promoting, omniphobic layer, in particular according to the preceding aspect of the invention;

[0051] The first step of the method for producing an omniphobic coating on a glass body comprises providing a glass body. Preferably, an object is used or provided as the glass body which can be used as an optical material, for example as an ophthalmic lens or as a spectacle lens. However, the glass body is not limited to ophthalmic lenses and can be any transparent or optical object to which, in particular, a coating can be applied. Specific examples include glasses such as crown glass, mineral glass, window glass, flat glass, windshields or viewing windows, or elements of optical sensors, light sources or photographic lenses, or plastics such as polyacrylates or ceramics. The glass body preferably consists of a transparent or transparent plastic, for example a transparent plastic substrate, which can be treated or untreated.The glass body is formed, for example, essentially from polythiourethane, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, or polydiethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate, although other transparent plastic materials may also be used. In particular, it is preferred that the glass body be formed essentially from an acrylate polymer, such as polymethyl methacrylate or polymethyl acrylate. The glass body can be formed with, at least in some regions, substantially flat surfaces and / or with, at least in some regions, substantially curved surfaces.

[0052] The glass body may already have one or more functional layers. Suitable functional layers include, for example, a primer coating to increase fracture strength, a hard coating to increase scratch resistance, a non-stick or easy-to-clean layer, a conductive layer to improve antistatic properties, a reflective layer or multi-layer reflective coating, an anti-reflective layer or multi-layer anti-reflective coating, a coloring layer, etc.

[0053] The glass body can, in particular with regard to its later use as a lens or ophthalmic lens, be provided in a (raw) round form or have already been ground, which is understood to mean that the glass body has already undergone a process step of forming and edge machining and is no longer in a (raw) round form, but has a different predetermined shape, in particular a different predetermined shape due to its later use as a lens or ophthalmic lens.

[0054] Preferably, the glass body to be provided in the first method step already has a silicon oxide layer, which is arranged directly or indirectly on a surface of the glass body. If the glass body to be provided in the first method step does not have such a silicon oxide layer, then, in a further development thereof, a silicon oxide layer can first be applied, arranged, or formed, directly or indirectly, on a surface of the glass body in this first method step.The silicon oxide layer can be formed by evaporating silicon monoxide (SiO), silicon dioxide and / or silicon or a mixture thereof in a PVD process under vacuum, whereby monomolecular SiO is formed in the gas phase (hence the term PVD process for physical vapor deposition) and deposited in a thin layer on the glass body, for example the optical lenses. Depending on the oxygen partial pressure set during the process, the silicon oxide layer is deposited as silicon monoxide (SiO), low-valent silicon oxide (e.g. Si2O5) or silicon dioxide (SiO2), or as a mixture of two or three of the aforementioned materials. The surface of the glass body or the optical lenses is thereby advantageously hardened, but in particular also prepared for a covalent bond with a slip-promoting omniphobic layer formed on the silicon oxide layer.

[0055] The second method step following the first method step comprises forming a slip-promoting, omniphobic layer on the glass body. In this method step, a slip-promoting, omniphobic layer, in particular a slip-promoting omniphobic layer according to the preceding aspect of the invention, is formed on the glass body provided in the previous method step, or (at least) on a silicon oxide layer arranged directly or indirectly on its surfaces. In other words, after carrying out this method step, a glass body, in particular a coated glass body or coated glass orcoated spectacle lens which has an omniphobic layer which is preferably characterized in that it contains at least one organosilicon compound and this omniphobic layer preferably imparts hydrophobic and / or oleophobic properties to the glass body, preferably a contact angle, determined immediately after production or formation, with respect to water of 100° to 110° and with respect to hexadecane of 35° to 45°.

[0056] Preferably, the formation of the omniphobic layer can comprise applying the organosilicon compound(s) forming the omniphobic layer neat or in solution, for example by dripping or dipping the glass body (also referred to as dip coating). If the omniphobic layer to be formed is formed from a mixture comprising at least two or more organosilicon compounds, these compounds are mixed in a solution, particularly preferably in an isopropanol solution, according to the desired mixing ratio.The solution preferably contains at least one of the following substances: an acid, in particular sulfuric acid, an organic solvent, preferably a non-cyclic alcohol (in particular ethanol or isopropanol), an ether (in particular tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O)), dimethylformamide (C3H7NO), dimethyl sulfoxide (C2H6OS), hexane, decane, hexadecane, octadecane, chloroform, diiodomethane (CH2I2), dichloromethane, or a cyclic solvent, such as toluene (CyHs) or xylenol (in particular 2,5-xylenol). The solution preferably contains toluene (CyHs), particularly preferably isopropanol (CsHsO). Instead of dripping or immersing the glass body, the organosilicon compound(s) can also be wiped onto the surface of the glass body to be coated. For this purpose, a cloth or rag can be moistened, for example by sprinkling or soaking it with the organosilicon compound(s).by immersion in a solution containing the organosilicon compound(s). The organosilicon compound(s) is / are then applied, distributed, or wiped onto the surface of the glass body with the soaked cloth or rag by wetting the surface of the glass body to be coated. The exposure time can be several hours, preferably up to 1 hour, with typical exposure times being a few minutes to a few seconds. The exposure time is preferably 1 to 5 minutes, more preferably less than 3 minutes, particularly preferably less than 1 minute, and in particular less than 10 seconds.Advantageously, particularly economical manufacturing processes can be realized through correspondingly short exposure times, which allow for high throughput and can be carried out in a (partially) automated manner, preferably as part of an existing (partially) automated production line. Advantageously, the process can adhere to a cycle time specified by an existing production line through correspondingly short exposure times in the range of seconds to minutes, or the process can be adapted to a specified cycle time by a suitable selection of the exposure time. Advantageously, the formation of the coating by wetting or immersion can be carried out in a simple manner. In a further development of this, a tempered solution can preferably also be used, i.e.a solution according to the aforementioned specifications, which is heated to a predefined temperature in order to accelerate the bonding reaction. In a further development, in particular alternatively or additionally thereto, a catalyst, preferably an acidic catalyst, can also be provided in order to advantageously influence or accelerate the bonding reaction in this way. Preferably, the wetting or immersion can also be carried out twice, three times, or more times, in particular with a time interval that can more preferably be dimensioned such that the surface of the glass body dries partially or completely in the meantime.

[0057] Preferably, the formation of the omniphobic layer may comprise an evaporation process, in particular a vapor deposition or evaporation process carried out in a high-vacuum coating system under vacuum conditions, preferably at a pressure of less than or equal to 10'4 mbar, particularly preferably at a pressure of less than or equal to 10' 5mbar. This is usually a tablet or a pill as a carrier, which contains the organosilicon compound(s) in addition to other components, such as a carrier material. Such a carrier material can be, for example, porous ceramic bodies or metal bodies, preferably made of stainless steel and / or copper, filled with steel wool. Due to their large surface area, these carrier materials can store liquids well. In this way, it is possible to store the organosilicon compound(s) in liquid form in such carrier materials, and as a rule at least 10 mg, preferably between 45 mg and 300 mg, particularly preferably between 90 mg and 270 mg, are stored therein. The at least one organosilicon compound or a mixture of several organosilicon compounds can be present either pure or in solution, i.e. with a suitable solvent.These supports are preferably heated in a thermal evaporator, preferably by the heat output falling across an ohmic resistor at a current of between 4 and 6 amperes, whereby the substance is caused to evaporate, whereby the resulting vapor containing the organosilicon compound(s) deposits as a precipitate to form the omniphobic layer. Alternatively, the heating can also take place using an electron beam. If one (or more) glass bodies are exposed to this vapor deposition, the organosilicon compound(s) contained in the precipitate are deposited on their surface(s). In this way, an omniphobic layer is formed on one (or more) glass bodies by means of an evaporation process, in particular a thermal one. By suitable mounting or orientation, it can be ensured that the vapor deposition preferentially occurs on one (or more) glass bodies.the) surface(s) of the vitreous body(ies) on which a silicon oxide layer is arranged. In general, such an omniphobic layer has a physical layer thickness of a few to about 50 nanometers, in particular a layer thickness between 5 and 25 nanometers. The growth of the omniphobic layer, referred to as the rate and expressed in nanometers per second, is preferably less than 2 nm / s, in particular less than or equal to 1.5 nm / s. This advantageously ensures that the omniphobic layer does not grow too quickly and in this way the most homogeneous, in particular gap-free, coverage possible takes place.

[0058] In addition to the two methods mentioned, such as wetting with a solution comprising the organosilicon compound(s) by dripping with such a solution or immersing in such a solution and / or an evaporation process, all other customary methods familiar to the person skilled in the art are also conceivable. For example, the organosilicon compound(s) can also be applied by spraying (spray coating) and / or spin coating. Depending on the method chosen, different solvents and / or additional components are added to the solution comprising the organosilicon compound(s) to modify properties such as viscosity, surface tension and / or solids content. It would also be conceivable to apply the omniphobic layer comprising the organosilicon compound(s) by a method such as atomic layer deposition.to form, whereby in particular a very homogeneous formation of the omniphobic layer can be achieved.

[0059] The method preferably comprises an additional, optional step which comprises pretreating or activating the provided glass body. In particular, this step comprises forming reactive OH groups, preferably forming reactive OH groups on the silicon oxide layer arranged on (at least) one area or surface of the glass body. Such an optional pretreatment step preferably takes place after the glass body has been provided and before the formation of an omniphobic layer. Advantageously, this can improve the adhesion or bonding of the omniphobic layer to the glass body because the formation of reactive OH groups promotes the covalent bonding of the coupling groups of the organosilicon compound(s) of the omniphobic layer during a hydrolysis reaction, which in turn advantageously results in improved durability of the omniphobic layer.Such pretreatment can preferably comprise an activation method such as plasma and / or ion treatment. Preferably, either an Ar plasma (90s / 120V 10sccm Ar) or an O2 plasma (90s / 120V 10sccm Ar 10sccm O2) is used for the plasma treatment. The silane or organosilicon compound contained in the solution forms (covalent) bonds with the silicon oxide layer on the glass body. As a result, they are bound to the silicon oxide layer and fixed in place, forming a coating on the glass body, which is particularly promoted by the formation of reactive OH groups. For the long durability of the coating, a good chemical bond to the glass body is necessary. A silicon oxide layer can be applied to glass bodies by flame coating, vapor deposition, etc., and a plasma treatment can be carried out to form OH groups.For this purpose, (atmospheric pressure) plasma treatment can be used on mineral glass. In both cases, the goal is the formation of reactive OH groups on the glass surface, to which the subsequently applied coating chemically bonds. Such pretreatment typically lasts a few minutes, preferably between 60 and 120 seconds, depending on the intensity of the plasma or ion treatment.

[0060] The method preferably comprises an additional, optional method step, preferably downstream of the step of forming an omniphobic layer, in which the (coated) glass body is cleaned or rinsed with a solvent, for example toluene or isopropanol, or with (demineralized or deionized) water. Advantageously, particularly if this method step is carried out after the method step of forming the omniphobic layer, excess material, in particular excess organosilicon compounds which have not formed a (covalent) bond with the glass body, can be removed. In particular in combination with a physical vapor deposition method with carrier material masses of more than 100 mg, in particular of 200 mg or greater, it has been shown that downstream cleaning orWiping to remove excess unbound material leads to improved properties, such as improved resistance or durability of the omniphobic layer.

[0061] The method preferably comprises an additional, optional method step in which the (coated) glass body is dried or tempered. Depending on the volatility of the solvent used and, if applicable, a process time specification to be observed, the drying can preferably take place to solidify the formed omniphobic layer, optionally at room temperature or in a drying device provided for this purpose, for example in a tempering oven. Subsequent drying or tempering preferably takes place at temperatures of less than 100°C, in particular in order not to damage glass bodies made of plastic materials, since plastics are known to have lower heat resistance than, for example, mineral glasses or semiconductors. In particular, the preferred plastic materials for plastic lenses orEyeglass lenses lose their mechanical strength at temperatures above 100 °C, especially at temperatures of 150 °C or more, which is why a temperature of approximately 50 °C is particularly preferred to avoid damaging the coated plastic glass body. The drying step lasts from a few minutes to several hours, preferably between 1 minute and 10 hours, and particularly preferably between 5 and 60 minutes.

[0062] It should be mentioned at this point that the optional process steps can be arranged in any order and that, if both optional process steps are present, for example, both a process sequence with the steps “provision / (pretreatment or activation) / formation / drying / cleaning” and a sequence with the steps “provision / (pretreatment or activation / activation) / formation / cleaning / drying” are of equal importance and the choice of the preferred order depends on various factors, such as the applied organosilicon compound(s), the process for forming the layer, the solvent components and, in particular, the concentration or amount of carrier material. Of course, a process sequence would also be conceivable in which the provided glass body is first cleaned (orwetted), optionally (pre-)dried, and then the formation of the omniphobic layer, if necessary supplemented by optional downstream steps such as cleaning and drying or drying and cleaning, takes place.

[0063] By means of the proposed method and any advantageous further development(s) thereof, a provided glass body can be produced or provided with an omniphobic layer, or such an omniphobic layer, in particular an omniphobic layer according to a preceding aspect of the invention, can be formed on a provided glass body. It goes without saying that, although the method steps always refer to one glass body in the singular, the proposed method can be readily extended to several glass bodies, in particular to a plurality of glass bodies, by a person skilled in the art, and thus a method is also explicitly proposed which can provide a plurality or plurality of glass bodies with an omniphobic layer in a particularly economical manner or can form such a layer on them to obtain a plurality of coated lenses, in particular a plurality of coated spectacle lenses.

[0064] An example method for manufacturing ophthalmic lenses could include the following steps:

[0065] The lenses or glass bodies made of mineral glass or plastic glass can be hard-coated and coated with a multi-layer anti-reflective coating in high-vacuum evaporation systems. After the final single layer of silicon oxide (especially SiO2), the surfaces are irradiated with a plasma or ion source in the evaporation system.

[0066] The process parameters for this plasma treatment are selected such that the H2O contact angle of the treated surface is significantly reduced through the formation of polar OH groups. However, the surface should not be noticeably damaged, meaning that the reflective color of the glass body should remain essentially unchanged, and the roughness and scattered light should not increase significantly or noticeably. The plaster resistance, which will be determined later, should be as good as possible.

[0067] The process parameters in a vapor deposition system depend on the type of system, and the determination of the duration, the bias voltage (also referred to as acceleration voltage), the discharge current, the argon flow, the oxygen flow, the choice of ion source, the duration of activation of this ion source, and the voltage and current during operation are parameters whose determination lies within the scope of professional practice and must be tested accordingly based on calculations and empirical values. Typical process parameters, which are preferred for plasma treatment in a preferred vapor deposition system of type A904 (manufacturer: Leybold) with an APS source (APS: Advanced Plasma Source, i.e.a plasma source) are a duration of about 50s to 70s, in particular about 60s, a bias voltage: from about 100V to about 140V, in particular about 120V, a discharge current of about 25A to about 35A, in particular about 30A, an argon flow of about 5sccm to about 15sccm, in particular about 10sccm (sccm are standard cubic centimeters per minute).

[0068] Typical process parameters in another preferred vapor deposition system of the type Syrus 1105 (manufacturer: Leybold) with the Mark II ion source are a duration of about 100s to 150s, in particular about 120s, an anode voltage of about 100V to about 180V, in particular about 140V, a discharge current of about 1A to about 3A, in particular about 2A, an argon flow of about 2sccm to about 10sccm, in particular about 5sccm (sccm are standard cubic centimeters per minute).

[0069] The numerical values ​​indicated with "approximately" may preferably deviate by + / - 10% from the stated value, particularly preferably by + / - 5% from the stated value, particularly preferably by + / - 2% from the stated value, and in particular may be exactly the stated value. This applies to all numerical values ​​so designated in this application.

[0070] After treatment in the vapor deposition system, the system is vented, the glasses are removed, and placed in suitable holders immersed in basins containing the solution. The solution can preferably have a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celsius, particularly preferably approximately 20 degrees Celsius, which advantageously ensures that the temperature of the solution corresponds approximately to room temperature, and no heating or cooling is necessary.

[0071] The solution preferably contains all components to carry out an acid-catalyzed polycondensation of a silane or an organosilicon compound, e.g. hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, on the surface of the glass body.

[0072] The organosilicon compound(s) or silane can be applied either neat or as a solution in toluene or isopropanol, preferably by dipping. A typical exposure time is a few minutes, preferably 1 to 5 minutes, more preferably less than 3 minutes, especially approximately 5 seconds. As a variation of this, significantly longer exposure times are also conceivable, particularly exposure times in the range of several hours.

[0073] After removing the glass body from the immersion bath, drying can take place at room temperature or at higher temperatures. Polycondensation or polymerization of the coating can already occur in the solution and / or during drying. Therefore, the ambient conditions influence the polymerization and thus the coating result. The drying temperature is preferably below approximately 50 degrees Celsius, more preferably between 25 degrees Celsius and 45 degrees Celsius. The relative humidity of the ambient air during drying is preferably below 50%, more preferably between approximately 20% and approximately 40%.

[0074] The coated glass body can be cleaned after drying, for example, using (demineralized) water and / or isopropanol and / or toluene and / or an alcohol, or by wiping. The immersion and drying process can be repeated once, twice, or multiple times.

[0075] The smooth coating meets the following quality criteria:

[0076] The contact angle of water is significantly above 90 degrees, usually in the range of 95 to 110 degrees. The coating is, at least under everyday conditions, much easier to clean than a SiO2 surface.

[0077] Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the figures. It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the figures, and that individual features of different embodiments can be combined to form further embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. Like reference numerals indicate like or recurring elements. They show:

[0078] - Fig. 1 shows a section according to a first embodiment of a coated glass body, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises an organosilicon compound;

[0079] - Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an organosilicon compound;

[0080] - Fig. 3 shows a section of a second embodiment of a coated glass body, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises a mixture of two organosilicon compounds with a comparable C chain length;

[0081] - Fig. 4 shows a section of a third embodiment of a coated glass body, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises a mixture of two organosilicon compounds with different C chain lengths;

[0082] - Fig. 5 is a schematic drawing of a process for producing an omniphobic coating on a glass body;

[0083] - Fig. 6 is a schematic drawing of a further development of the method from Fig. 5 comprising optional method steps which are shown in dashed lines.

[0084] Figure 1 shows a section according to a first embodiment through a coated glass with a glass body 2, a silicon oxide layer 4, and an omniphobic layer 6. In the preferred embodiment shown, the glass body 2 is designed as an ophthalmic lens or as a spectacle lens semi-finished product 2. Typically, transparent plastic substrates are used for this purpose, which can be formed, for example, essentially from polythiourethane, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, or polydiethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate.

[0085] The glass body 2 of the embodiment shown is already provided with at least one functional layer 3, for example a primer coating, a hard coating, a conductive layer, an anti-reflective coating, a coloring layer, a photochromic layer or a combination thereof, etc.

[0086] The glass body 2 was further provided with a silicon oxide layer 4, in particular made of silicon dioxide, which, in the preferred embodiment shown, is arranged indirectly, in this case by means of the functional layer 3, on the (preferably convexly curved) surface of the glass body 2. The silicon oxide layer can preferably be formed or vapor-deposited together with the functional layer 3 in a PVD process within a system. Advantageously, this allows the production of the silicon oxide layer to be carried out easily within the normal manufacturing process for spectacle lenses.To improve the adhesion of the omniphobic layer, after the application of the silicon oxide layer 4, a plasma treatment with a pure argon plasma at an argon flow of 10 sscm and a bias voltage of 120 V for a duration of 90 s is carried out for the purpose of forming reactive OH groups on the surface of the silicon oxide layer 4 as binding partners for the covalent bonding of the omniphobic layer 6.

[0087] The omniphobic layer 6 is formed by wetting the silicon oxide layer 4 with a solution containing hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, the preferred organosilicon compound, in isopropanol. The contact time is approximately 2 minutes. Subsequently, the glass body is rinsed with isopropanol, particularly to remove unbound compound components, thus forming a stable omniphobic layer 6 on the glass body.

[0088] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane as a preferred organosilicon compound 8 for forming an omniphobic layer 6 on a glass body 2. Starting from its silicon atom 801, it has three methoxy groups as coupling groups 802 for attachment, and a sixteen-carbon alkyl chain as functional group 803, responsible for the omniphobic properties. The coupling groups 802 can also be referred to as head groups and are generally hydrolyzable groups, preferably chloro groups, particularly preferably ethoxy groups, in particular alkoxy groups. The functional group 803 is also referred to as a tail group and is generally an alkyl or alkoxy chain having at least 8 carbon atoms or, in other words, having a chain length based on the carbon atoms of C8.The designations head group and tail group refer to the orientation of the hexadecyltrimethoxysilane 8 during the formation of the omniphobic layer 6, in which the hexadecyltrimethoxysilane 8 forms a bond with the silicon oxide layer 4 arranged on the glass body 2 by means of one of the (or several or all) head or coupling groups 802, i.e. the coupling or head groups 802 are oriented towards the glass body 2 in the preferred arrangement, whereas the tail group 803 is oriented away from the glass body 2. This, on the one hand, realizes the bond to the glass body 2 (or to the silicon oxide layer 4 arranged on the glass body 2), and on the other hand, the compound 8 with its alkyl chain of the tail group 803 can achieve the desired omniphobic effect.

[0089] Figures 3 and 4 show further embodiments of the coated glass body 2 shown in Figure 1. For this reason, only the differences are described below and, for elements with the same or recurring reference numerals, reference is made to the explanation already given above.

[0090] Figure 3 shows a section according to a second embodiment, wherein the omniphobic layer 6 has a mixture comprising octadecyltrimethoxysilane as the preferred compound for the first organosilicon compound 81 and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane as the preferred compound for the second organosilicon compound 82. Octadecyltrimethoxysilane has a C chain length L1 of L1 = 18 and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane has a C chain length L2 of L2 = 16, ie there are two organosilicon compounds in this mixture which have chain lengths of comparable length and the difference AL here is AL « 0.11 , whereby the two compounds can advantageously stabilize each other due to their comparable chain length.In this way, an omniphobic layer is formed in which, due to mutual stabilization, in particular the tail groups that determine the omniphobic properties are stably oriented away from the surface of the silicon oxide layer 4. The two compounds are present in the mixture in a ratio of 1:1, i.e., the two compounds are present in equal parts in the mixture. The omniphobic layer 6 is formed by wetting the silicon oxide layer 4 with a solution in isopropanol, in which isopropanol acts as the solvent and the solutes are an equal mixture of octadecyltrimethoxysilane as the preferred compound for the first organosilicon compound and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane as the preferred compound for the second organosilicon compound. The exposure time is approximately 2 minutes.Subsequently, the glass body is rinsed with isopropanol, in particular to remove unbound compound components, whereby in this way a stable omniphobic layer 6 is formed on the glass body, which layer comprises at least two organosilicon compounds.

[0091] Figure 4 shows a section according to a third embodiment, wherein the omniphobic layer 6 has a mixture comprising octadecyltrimethoxysilane as the preferred compound for the first organosilicon compound 81 and trimethoxy-n-octylsilane as the preferred compound for the second organosilicon compound 83, wherein octadecyltrimethoxysilane has a C chain length L1 of L1 = 18 and trimethoxy-n-octylsilane has a C chain length L2 of L2 = 8, resulting in a difference AL of AL « 0.56. Due to the chain length difference, when forming the omniphobic layer 6, the trimethoxy-n-octylsilane, as a shorter-chain compound, can fill those gaps or spaces that inevitably form between the individual octadecyltrimethoxysilane molecules 81 due to steric hindrance. As a result, ieThrough the advantageous arrangement of short-chain trimethoxy-n-octylsilane molecules 83 between the long-chain octadecyltrimethoxysilane molecules 81, a gapless coverage of the silicon oxide layer 4 and a nanostructure at the molecular level can be advantageously achieved, whereby an omniphobic layer 8 with excellent omniphobic properties is formed on the glass body 2. The two compounds are present in the mixture in a ratio such that the short-chain trimethoxy-n-octylsilane compound 83, with a proportion of approximately 80% of the mixture, is in excess of the long-chain octadecyltrimethoxysilane compound 81. Figure 5 shows a schematic drawing of a method for producing an omniphobic coating on a glass body 2, in particular on a spectacle lens, according to the second aspect of the invention.In the first step S100 of the method, the glass body 2 to be provided with an omniphobic coating 6 is first provided. Preferably, in this step, a glass body 2 made of a mineral glass or plastic material, particularly preferably made of a (partially or semi-)transparent plastic material, is provided, which is suitable for later use as a lens, in particular as a spectacle lens. In the next method step S104, the formation of the omniphobic coating 6 on the glass body 2 takes place, i.e., within the scope of this method step, the glass body 2 provided in step S100 is provided with an omniphobic layer e, in particular an omniphobic layer 6 according to the first aspect of the invention, or such an omniphobic layer e is formed on the glass body 2. After completion of the method, a coated glass or coated spectacle lens is present, i.e.In the course of the process, a coated (spectacle) lens (body) was produced from a provided glass body 2.

[0092] Figure 6 shows advantageous developments of the proposed method, schematically illustrated in Figure 5, according to the second aspect of the invention. With regard to steps S100 and S104, reference is made at this point to the description of Figure 5 and the corresponding explanations of the general description. The method shown here is further developed in such a way that, after step S100 of providing a glass body 2, a pretreatment of the (provided) glass body 2 initially takes place in step S102. This preferred pretreatment is understood to mean an activation of one of the surfaces or areas of the glass body 2, in particular a plasma treatment for forming reactive OH groups on a surface or area of ​​the glass body 2, in particular on a silicon oxide layer 4 arranged directly or indirectly on this surface or area.Advantageously, this pretreatment for forming reactive OH groups can achieve improved adhesion or adhesion, since potential binding partners are provided for the attachment of the omniphobic layer. In particular, the at least one or more organosilicon compound(s) 8 can bond with their head or coupling groups 802, preferably as part of a hydrolysis reaction, to the formed reactive OH groups and in this way form a covalent bond with the glass body. This can achieve better adhesion, which advantageously leads to improved durability of the omniphobic layer 6, i.e., as part of the process, a glass body can be provided with an omniphobic layer 6, the omniphobic layer of which is characterized by improved adhesion (or adhesion) to the glass body and, associated with this, by improved properties.Following step S104 of forming the omniphobic layer, the proposed method is further developed by the optional cleaning step S106. In this step S106, excess molecules of the omniphobic layer e that have not bonded with the glass body 2 or the silicon oxide layer 4 arranged thereon are removed from the surface, preferably by wiping or spraying the coated glass body 2 with optionally (demineralized) water and / or a cleaning agent or solvent, for example, with toluene or isopropanol. Advantageously, the cleaning and the associated removal of excess material can produce a smooth and clean surface characterized by particularly good omniphobic properties.The method proposed here is subsequently advantageously further developed by a further, optional method step, in which, after cleaning, drying or tempering of the coated glass body 2 takes place in step S108. In this drying or tempering step, which preferably lasts from a few minutes to a few hours, preferably about 20 minutes, the coated glass body is exposed to a defined temperature, preferably a temperature of less than 100°C, particularly preferably a temperature of about 50°C, in order to achieve solidification of the omniphobic layer e formed in step S104. In a modification of this, a (method) step sequence (not shown) would also be conceivable, in which steps S106 and S108 take place in an interchanged order, ieThe coated glass 2 is first dried in a drying step S108 with the aim of solidifying the formed omniphobic layer 6, and then cleaned in step S106. Such a process sequence is particularly advantageous if, in the drying or tempering step S108, condensation of the omniphobic layer e is to be achieved by supplying (heat) energy, and if, in the subsequent cleaning step S106, excess material which has not bonded with the glass body 2 during the condensation is to be removed. Depending on the choice of cleaning agent, a further drying step S108 can of course also be carried out following the cleaning in step S106, i.e., a process sequence of "providing / pretreating (or activating) / forming / drying / cleaning / drying" would also be advantageously conceivable.

[0093] List of reference symbols

[0094] 2 glass bodies, ophthalmic lens semi-finished products

[0095] 3 Functional layer

[0096] 4 Silicon oxide layer

[0097] 6 Omniphobic layer

[0098] 8 chains of an organosilicon compound

[0099] 81 chains of a first organosilicon compound

[0100] 82, 83 Chains of a second organosilicon compound

[0101] 801 Si atom of an organosilicon compound

[0102] 802 Coupling group or head group of an organosilicon compound

[0103] 803 Functional group or tail group of an organosilicon compound

[0104] S100 Process step “Providing a glass body”

[0105] S102 Process step “Pretreatment of the vitreous body”

[0106] S104 Process step “Formation of a slip-promoting, omniphobic layer”

[0107] S106 Process step “Cleaning”

[0108] S108 Process step “Drying”

Claims

Patent claims 1 . Coated glass, in particular ophthalmic lens, comprising: - a glass body (2) made of a mineral glass or a plastic glass; - a silicon oxide layer (4) which is arranged directly or indirectly on a surface of the glass body (2); - a slip-promoting omniphobic covalently bonded layer (6) formed on the silicon oxide layer (4), wherein the omniphobic layer (6) comprises at least one organosilicon compound.

2. Coated glass according to claim 1, wherein the at least one organosilicon compound has at least one alkyl or alkoxy group with a C chain length of 8 or greater, preferably of 11 or greater.

3. Coated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises a mixture comprising a first and at least one further, second organosilicon compound which has at least one alkyl or alkoxy group.

4. Coated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the longest alkyl group of the first organosilicon compound has a C chain length L1 and the longest alkyl or alkoxy group of the second organosilicon compound has a C chain length L2, where L2 is less than or equal to L1, and where AL = (L1 - L2) / L1 .

5. Coated glass according to claim 4, wherein AL is less than or equal to 0.25, preferably less than or equal to 0.15, in particular less than or equal to 0.1; and / or AL is greater than or equal to 0.5, preferably greater than or equal to 0.75, in particular greater than or equal to 0.

9.

6. Coated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the organosilicon compounds contained in the mixture has at least one pentafluorophenyl group.

7. Coated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one organosilicon compound is hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and / or Octadecyltrimethoxysilane and / or hexadecyltrichlorosilane and / or Hexadecyltriethoxysilane and / or octadecyltrichlorosilane and / or octadecyltriethoxysilane and / or pentafluorophenoxyundecyltrimethoxysilane.

8. Coated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one organosilicon compound comprises trimethoxy(methyl)silane and / or trimethoxy-n-octylsilane and / or isobutyl(trimethoxy)silane and / or isooctyl(trimethoxy)silane and / or n-octadecylmethyldimethoxysilane.

9. Coated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the molecular structure of at least one organosilicon compound of the omniphobic layer is substantially linear.

10. Coated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the molecular structure of at least one organosilicon compound of the omniphobic layer is non-linear.

11. Coated glass according to claim 10, wherein the non-linear molecular structure is caused by at least one branching.

12. Coated glass according to claim 11, wherein the organosilicon compound having at least one branch comprises a substantially linear alkyl or alkoxy group and a second alkyl or alkoxy group, wherein the second group is bonded to the Si atom and thereby forms the branch.

13. Coated glass according to claim 10, wherein the non-linear molecular structure is a cyclic structure.

14. Coated glass according to claim 10, wherein the non-linear molecular structure is caused by a dipodal organosilicon compound having at least two Si atoms.

15. Coated glass according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with octadecyltrimethoxysilane.

16. Coated glass according to one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in admixture with at least one organosilicon compound having a C chain length of C1 or C3.

17. Coated glass according to one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises octadecyltrimethoxysilane in admixture with at least one organosilicon compound having a C chain length of C1 or C3.

18. Coated glass according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with isobutyltrimethoxysilane or isooctyltrimethoxysilane.

19. Coated glass according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises octadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with isobutyltrimethoxysilane or isooctyltrimethoxysilane.

20. Coated glass according to one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with an aromatic silane, preferably in a mixture with 4-phenylbutyltrichlorosilane or 3- Phenoxypropyltrichlorosilane.

21. Coated glass according to one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises octadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with an aromatic silane, preferably in a mixture with 4-phenylbutyltrichlorosilane or 3-phenoxypropyltrichlorosilane.

22. Coated glass according to one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with a cyclic azasilane, preferably in a mixture with N-methyl-aza-2,2,4-trimethylsilacyclopentane or N-n-butyl-aza-2,2-dimethoxysilacyclopentane.

23. Coated glass according to one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises octadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with a cyclic azasilane, preferably in a mixture with N-methyl-aza-2,2,4-trimethylsilacyclopentane or N-n-butyl-aza-2,2-dimethoxysilacyclopentane.

24. Coated glass according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic Layer comprising hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with a dipodal silane, preferably in a mixture with 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane, 1,8-bis(triethoxysilyl)octane, 1,10-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane or bis(trimethoxysilylethyl)benzene.

25. Coated glass according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic Layer comprising octadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with a dipodal silane, preferably in a mixture with 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane, 1,8-bis(triethoxysilyl)octane, 1,10-bis(trimethoxysilyl)decane or bis(trimethoxysilylethyl)benzene.

26. Coated glass according to one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises hexadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with a siloxane, preferably in a mixture with polydimethylsiloxane.

27. Coated glass according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the omniphobic Layer comprising octadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mixture with a siloxane, preferably in a mixture with polydimethylsiloxane.

28. Coated glass according to claim 1, wherein the omniphobic layer comprises at least docosyltriethoxysilane.

29. A method for producing an omniphobic layer on a glass body, comprising the following steps: Providing a vitreous body (S100); Forming a slip-promoting, omniphobic layer (S104), in particular according to one of claims 1-28.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein between the method steps of providing (S100) and forming (S104) as an additional method step the step: Pretreatment of the vitreous body (S102) is carried out.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein the pretreatment comprises forming reactive OH groups, in particular forming reactive OH groups by plasma and / or ion treatment.

32. Method according to one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the method comprises as an additional method step the step: Cleaning (S106).

33. Method according to one of claims 29 to 32, wherein the method comprises as an additional method step the step: Drying (p. 108).

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