Guide fixture

Abstract

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to allow a precast block (PB)to be easily installed without misalignment in a battery direction (SD). A guide fixture (5, 6) includes: two guide plates (51, 61) capable of sandwiching a precast block (PB) for a coke oven (1); and a connecting body (52, 62) configured to connect the two guide plates (51, 61) opposing one another. The two guide plates (51, 61) each include a curved portion (512, 612) having an end portion flaring outward.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a guide fixture for installing a precast block in a coke oven so as to prevent misalignment during installation.Background art

[0002] In the present application, with respect to the horizontal directions, the direction in which coke is pushed out of the coke oven is defined as a longitudinal direction FD, and the horizontal direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction FD is defined as a battery direction SD. The longitudinal direction FD and the battery direction SD are defined as the directions in which a precast block PB is installed in the coke oven. In the drawings, the longitudinal direction FD is indicated by a double-headed arrow labeled "FD", and the battery direction SD is indicated by a double-headed arrow labeled "SD". In addition, the vertical direction of the guide fixture is described based on the state in which it is attached to the precast block PB, and the side on which the precast block PB is located is referred to as the inner side.

[0003] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a coke oven 1 as seen from a pusher side. As shown in Fig. 1, in the coke oven 1, a plurality of combustion chambers 13 are constructed by stacking a number of refractory bricks 12 on a corbel 16 provided above regenerative chambers 11, and a plurality of carbonization chambers 14 are also formed on the corbel 16. In Fig. 1, a flue (not shown) is formed in each of the combustion chambers 13, and a carbonization chamber 14 is formed between each pair of adjacent combustion chambers 13. Although omitted in the drawing, additional combustion chambers 13 and carbonization chambers 14 are also provided to the left and right in the battery direction SD in the coke oven 1 shown in Fig. 1.

[0004] The coke oven 1 is operated under extremely high-temperature conditions, and prolonged use causes aged deterioration. If a hole or defect forms in the combustion chamber 13 due to the aged deterioration, it can be repaired by forming a thermal spray coating on the surface of the combustion chamber 13, as described in Patent Literature 1. Over time, due to aging and thermal shock, cracks or other damage may occur in the refractory bricks 12 of the combustion chamber 13, possibly resulting in a protrusion on the side facing the carbonization chamber 14. When such a protrusion occurs, it obstructs the discharge of the coke that has been carbonized in the carbonization chamber 14, making it difficult to push the coke out.

[0005] In addition, when the protrusion of the refractory bricks 12 occurs in the combustion chamber 13 due to the aged deterioration, it is necessary to remove the damaged refractory bricks 12 and repair the combustion chamber 13. In this case, the combustion chambers 13 deteriorated and displaced, among the plurality of combustion chambers 13, are dismantled, and new combustion chambers 13 are constructed, as disclosed in Patent Literatures 2 and 3. In Fig. 1, three combustion chambers 13, together with the corresponding portion of the oven ceiling 15 located above them within a transfer range TR indicated by oblique lines, will be dismantled and reconstructed.

[0006] The new combustion chambers 13 can be reconstructed by installing a number of precast blocks PB in size greater than that of the refractory bricks 12 (see Patent Literature 3). Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the combustion chambers 13 constructed in the transfer range TR. The combustion chamber 13 is reconstructed with a plurality of precast blocks PB arranged along the longitudinal direction FD as indicated by the double-headed arrows. In an embodiment shown in Fig. 2, three combustion chambers 13 are constructed in the battery direction SD in the transfer range TR. Here, a carbonization chamber 14 is formed between each pair of adjacent combustion chambers 13. The combustion chambers 13 and the carbonization chambers 14 are alternately formed in the battery direction SD. The length of a precast block PB in the battery direction SD corresponds to the width of a combustion chamber 13, and the combustion chamber 13 is formed by stacking a plurality of precast blocks PB. Each of the precast blocks PB includes an internal flue space. Then, a flue is formed in the internal space of the combustion chamber 13 in which the precast blocks PB are stacked. The oven ceiling 15 is installed on the combustion chambers 13 and the carbonization chambers 14. The oven ceiling 15 shown in Fig. 2 is in a state before a castable refractory layer is cast and leveled on its upper surface.

[0007] Fig. 3 shows a state where a plurality of precast blocks PB are installed in the transfer range TR. Similar to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the coke oven 1 which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction FD, as seen from the pusher side. Fig. 3 shows a state where the combustion chambers 13 are being constructed with the precast blocks PB in the transfer range TR indicated by a dushed line. Here, a precast block PB1 refers to a precast block that is being suspended for installation, while a precast block PB2 refers to a precast block that has already been installed. As shown in Fig. 3, the precast block PB1 is suspended from the top of the coke oven 1 and installed in the transfer range TR in the same manner as the precast block PB2.

[0008] In order to reconstruct the combustion chambers 13 and the carbonization chambers 14, a traveling crane 2 is provided on the top of the coke oven 1 shown in Fig. 3 to carry the precast blocks PB and so forth. The traveling crane 2 is lifted up to the oven ceiling 15 by a crane vehicle and installed on rails R for a coal charging car (not shown). The rails R extend in the battery direction SD. The traveling crane 2 shown in Fig. 3 includes a crane frame 21, crane rails 22, a mobile rail 23, wheels 24, and a winch 25. Two crane rails 22 are mounted on the upper part of the crane frame 21 to extend in the longitudinal direction FD. In addition, the mobile rail 23 extending in the battery direction SD is provided across the two crane rails 22. The traveling crane 2 is placed on the rails R via the wheels 24. The mobile rail 23 extending in the battery direction SD can move along the crane rails 22 in the longitudinal direction FD. The winch 25 movably mounted on the mobile rail 23 is movable within the crane frame 21 in both the battery direction SD and the longitudinal direction FD. The winch 25 can wind the wire 3. The precast block PB1 is held by a gripping device 4 attached to the lower end of the wire 3. The precast block PB1 is held by the gripping device 4 at its side surfaces CS1. The wheels 24 are provided under the crane frame 21, and the traveling crane 2 can move on the rails R in the battery direction SD. The rails R are laid on the oven ceiling 15, and are suspended in midair in the transfer range TR.

[0009] In Fig. 3, the precast block PB2 is placed on the corbel 16 in the transfer range TR. The precast block PB1 is suspended from the traveling crane 2 above the installed precast block PB2. As described above, the rails R for a coal charging car (not shown) is provided on the upper part of the coke oven 1. The traveling crane 2 is provided on the rails R, and the precast block PB1 is suspended and lowered from above to construct the combustion chambers 13.Citation listPatent Literature

[0010] PTL1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2021-130783 PTL2: International Publication No.2012 / 078036 PTL3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-137447 Summary of InventionTechnical Problem

[0011] Because a precast block PB is large and heavy, it cannot be held in human's hand and installed in a predetermined position like a refractory brick 12, and therefore is suspended and lowered by a crane such as the traveling crane 2 and installed. Moreover, because the precast block PB is heavy and the working space is narrow, for example, when the precast block PB2 is placed on the corbel 16 as shown in Fig. 3, on top of the precast block PB1, or beside the precast block PB1, it is difficult to install it accurately. When the precast block PB1 is suspended and installed as shown in Fig. 3, if it is misaligned in the battery direction SD, unevenness may occur on both sides of the carbonization chamber 14. This unevenness makes it difficult to smoothly discharge the coke formed in the carbonization chamber 14.

[0012] A problem to be solved by the present invention is to allow the precast block PB1 to be easily installed without misalignment in the battery direction SD.Solution to Problem

[0013] A guide fixture includes: two guide plates capable of sandwiching a precast block for a coke oven; and a connecting body configured to connect the two guide plates opposing one another. The two guide plates each include a curved portion having an end portion flaring outward.Advantageous Effect of Invention

[0014] According to the present invention, it is possible to easily position and install the precast blocks in the coke oven.Brief Description of Drawings

[0015] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a coke oven as seen from a pusher side; Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing combustion chambers constructed with precast blocks; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the coke oven in which a precast block is being suspended in a transfer range; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the coke oven in which the precast block is being moved according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a top view showing a guide fixture of Example 1; Fig. 6 is a bottom view showing the guide fixture of Example 1; Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the guide fixture of Example 1 attached to a precast block; Fig. 8 is a side view showing a situation in which the precast block is being installed using the guide fixture of Example 1; and Fig. 9 is a side view showing a situation in which the precast block is being installed using a guide fixture of Example 2. Description of Embodiments

[0016] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a coke oven 1 in which a precast block PB1 is being moved according to an embodiment of the present invention. This cross-section of the coke oven 1 is perpendicular to the battery direction SD. In Fig. 4, the horizontal direction corresponds to the longitudinal direction FD, and the depth direction corresponds to the battery direction SD. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction of arrow S in Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction of arrow F in Fig. 3.

[0017] In Figs. 3 and 4, a winch 25 is moved by means of a crane rail 22 and a mobile rail 23, and therefore the precast block PB1 for the coke oven suspended from the winch 25 is moved in the battery direction SD and the longitudinal direction FD. By unwinding the wire 3 using the winch 25, the precast block PB1 moves downward. In this manner, the position of the precast block PB1 is controlled in three dimensions, and the precast block PB1 is installed at an intended installation position.

[0018] In Fig. 4, the wire 3 is unwound by the winch 25, and the winch 25 is moved in the direction of arrow M. By this means, the precast block PB1 suspended from the wire 3 is installed in the transfer region TR such that its joint end face SE1 joins a joint end face SE2 of a precast block PB2 for the coke oven already installed. At this time, the precast block PB1 must be positioned such that it is not misaligned in the battery direction SD shown in Fig. 3 with respect to the precast block PB2.<Example 1>

[0019] In Example 1, a guide fixture 5 is installed in a location indicated by a dashed line in Fig. 4 in order to prevent the precast block PB 1 from misaligning in the battery direction SD. Fig. 5 is a top view showing the guide fixture 5. Fig. 6 is a bottom view showing the guide fixture 5. In this application, terms such as the upper and lower directions of the guide fixture 5 are defined based on the orientation in which it is attached to the precast block PB. The guide fixture 5 includes two opposing guide plates 51 capable of sandwiching the precast block PB2, and a connecting body 52 that connects the two guide plates 51. The two guide plates 51 include flat portions 511 and curved portions 512, and the flat portions 511 are capable of sandwiching the precast block PB2 for the coke oven. The two guide plates 51 each include a curved portion 512 flaring outward in an upward-slanting direction. The two guide plates 51 are connected to the connecting body 52 at the upper parts of the flat portions 511. On the side of the guide plate 51 opposite to the curved portion 512 in the longitudinal direction FD, a weight 53 is provided on the outer side.

[0020] The connecting body 52 includes an outer plate 521 connected to one of the guide plates 51, an inner plate connected to the other guide plate 51, bolts 523 and nuts 524. With these parts, the connecting body 52 serves as an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the two guide plates 51. As shown in Fig. 6, the outer plate 521 and the inner plate 522 have their opposing edge portions bent downward at a right angle, forming bent sections 521a and 522a, respectively. The inner plate 522 is slidably stored under the outer plate 521.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 6, the bolts 523 are inserted into holes (not shown) from the rear side of the inner plate 522, and their heads are welded and fixed to the inner plate 522. In addition, as shown in Fig. 5, an adjustment slot 521b extending in the battery direction SD is formed in the outer plate 521. The two bolts 523 protruding upward from the inner plate 522 pass through the adjustment slot 521b of the outer plate 521 and extend above the outer plate 521. Then, the nuts 524 are attached to the protruding bolts 523 and fastened on top of the outer plate 521, thereby fixing the outer plate 521 and the inner plate 522 together.

[0022] The outer plate 521 and the guide plate 51 connected to the outer plate 521 constitute a first fixture part 5A. Meanwhile, the inner plate 522 to which the bolts 523 are fixed, and the guide plate 51 connected to the inner plate 522 constitute a second fixture part 5B. The first fixture part 5A and the second fixture part 5B are fixedly connected to one another by fastening the nuts 524 attached to the bolts 523. The first fixture part 5A and the second fixture part 5B are fastened together by the two nuts 524 to form the guide fixture 5. The first fixture part 5A and the second fixture part 5B can be carried separately, and therefore are easier for a worker to handle the work.

[0023] Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the precast block PB2 to which the guide fixture 5 of Example 1 is attached. The outer plate 521 of the first fixture part 5A and the inner plate 522 of the second fixture part 5B are each fixed to the flat portion 511 at the upper part of the guide plate 51. When the guide fixture 5 is used, the connecting body 52 is placed on the precast block PB2 already installed. When the guide fixture 5 is attached to the precast block PB2, the inner plate 522 of the second fixture part 5B is placed on the precast block PB2, and the outer plate 521 of the first fixture part 5A is placed on the inner plate 522. When the outer plate 521 is placed on the inner plate 522, the two bolts 523 are positioned so that they pass through the adjustment slot 521b. After the nuts 524 are threaded onto the bolts 523, the spacing between the two opposing guide plates 51 is narrowed so that it matches the width of the precast block PB2 in the battery direction SD. Then, by tightening the nuts 524 onto the bolts 523, the first fixture part 5A and the second fixture part 5B can be fastened together, allowing the guide fixture 5 to be attached to the precast block PB2.

[0024] In the attached guide fixture 5, the inner faces of the flat portions 511 of the two guide plates 51 are in contact with two side surfaces CS2 of the precast block PB2. The side surface CS2 is the surface facing the carbonization chamber 14 when the precast block PB2 constitutes the combustion chamber 13. The curved portions 512 of the two guide plates 51 have their ends in the longitudinal direction FD located outward of the side surface CS2 near the joint end face SE2 of the precast block PB2, and are shaped so as to flare upward and outward. The guide fixture 5 is brought into contact with the precast block PB2 by the lower surface of the connecting body 52 and the inner faces of the flat portions 511 of the two guide plates 51 and fixed to the precast block PB2. As described above, the guide fixture 5 is attached onto the precast block PB2.

[0025] Fig. 8 is a side view showing a situation in which the precast block PB1 is being installed using the guide fixture 5. The guide fixture 5 is attached to the precast block PB2 installed on the corbel 16. The guide plate 51 includes the flat portion 511 and the hatched curved portion 512. The boundary between the flat portion 511 and the curved portion 512 is oriented obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction FD and the vertical direction. As shown in Fig. 8, the curved portion 512 is located obliquely above the boundary and is oriented toward the upper left in the figure. The curved portion 512 also flares upward and outward. The guide fixture 5 has the weight 53 near the end of the guide plate 51, which prevents the side of the curved portion 512 from drooping due to the self-weight of the guide fixture 5.

[0026] Fig. 8 shows a situation in which the suspended precast block PB1 is lowered obliquely so that it is brough into contact with the precast block PB2 in the longitudinal direction FD. Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the lower portion of Fig. 4. Here, the gripping device 4 is omitted. After the state shown in Figs. 4 and 8, the precast block PB1 is installed next to the precast block PB2 so that the joint end face SE1 of the precast block PB1 is in contact with the joint end face SE2 of the precast block PB2.

[0027] The precast block PB1 has a shape shown in Fig. 7, and its joint end face SE2 projects slightly in the longitudinal direction FD. The precast block PB1 has a shape which is the same as that of the precast block PB2 shown in Fig. 7. The joint end face SE1 of the precast block PB1, which is located on the side opposite in the longitudinal direction FD to the joint end face SE2 of the precast block PB2 shown in Fig. 7, has a recessed center portion. Accordingly, the joint end faces SE1 and SE2 are joined so that the projection of the precast block PB2 fits in the recess of the precast block PB1.

[0028] As shown in Fig. 8, the lower portion of the flat portion 511 of the guide plate 51 projects in the longitudinal direction FD from the joint end face SE2 of the precast block PB2. The inner face of the flat portion 511 is in contact with the side surface CS2 of the precast block PB2 shown in Fig. 3, and is flush with that side surface. In addition, the curved portion 512, which is part of the guide plate 51, flares outward from the side surface CS2 in an upward-slanting direction. In Fig. 8, the curved portion 512 opens toward the suspended precast block PB1. The curved portions 512 are open in the battery direction SD, and the opening is wider than the width of the precast block PB1, so that the suspended precast block PB1 can easily fit between the two guide plates 51. As the precast block PB1 approaches the precast block PB2, the joint end face SE1 is guided by the curved portion 512, and fits between the flat portions 511 projecting from the joint end face SE2 of the precast block PB2. Thereafter, using the joint end face SE1 joining the precast block PB2 as a reference, the side surface CS1 of the precast block PB1 is adjusted to be flush with the side surface CS2 of the precast block PB2, and the precast block PB1 is installed. Thus, the precast block PB1 is installed so that its side surface CS1 is flush with the side surface CS2 of the precast block PB2.

[0029] After the precast block PB1 is installed, the nuts 524 of the guide fixture 5 are loosened, and the guide fixture 5 is removed. For installing the next precast block PB1, the guide fixture 5 is attached to a different precast block PB2.

[0030] In the guide fixture 5 of Example 1, the nuts 524 are tightened directly over the adjustment slot 521b. However, it is also possible to place a plate having holes for the bolts 523 over the adjustment slot 521b, and then thread the nuts 524 onto the bolts 523 through the holes and tighten the bolts 523.<Example 2>

[0031] A guide fixture of Example 2 is different in the shape of the guide plates 51 from the guide fixture 5 of Example 1. Fig. 9 is a side view showing a situation in which the precast block PB1 is being installed using the guide fixture 6 of Example 2. Similar to Example 1 shown in Fig. 8, the suspended precast block PB is being installed next to the precast block PB2.

[0032] In Example 2, the guide fixture 6 includes two guide plates 61 capable of sandwiching the precast block PB2, and a connecting body 62 (not shown) that connects the two guide plates 61. The structure of the connecting body 62 is the same as that of the connecting body 52 of Example 1, and an outer plate 621 (not shown) and an inner plate 622 (not shown) are each fixed to a flat portion 611 of the guide plate 61. The connecting body 62 has an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the two guide plates 61. In Example 2, the ends of the curved portions 612 of the two guide plates 61 in the longitudinal direction FD open in the battery direction SD. In addition, the flat portion 611 is installed in the longitudinal direction FD such that a part of it on the side of the curved portion 612 protrudes outward beyond the joint end face SE2. In the guide plate 61 of Example 2, the boundary between the flat portion 611 and the curved portion 612 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction FD. In the longitudinal direction FD, the flat portion 611 is located on one side of the boundary, and the curved portion 612 is located on the other side of the boundary. The curved portion 612 opens outward toward the longitudinal direction FD (leftward in Fig. 9) and opens in the battery direction SD.

[0033] When being installed using the guide fixture 6, as shown in Fig. 9, the precast block PB1 is lowered until its lower end is positioned beside the guide plate 61. After that, the precast block PB1 is brought close to the precast block PB2. Accordingly, the joint end face SE1 of the precast block PB1 is guided by the curved portions 612 of the guide plates 61 and fits between the flat portions 611 projecting from the joint end face SE2 of the precast block PB2. Thereafter, similar to Example 1, the precast block PB1 is installed so that its side surface CS1 is flush with the side surface CS2 of the precast block PB2.

[0034] In Examples 1 and 2, each of the guide fixtures 5 and 6 is attached to the precast block PB2 already installed, but may be attached to the suspended precast block PB1.

[0035] For the rest, the specific configurations are not limited to the embodiment, and the design can be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. In addition, the above-described embodiments can be combined by utilizing each other's technology as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose and configuration.List of reference signs

[0036] 1 coke oven 11 regenerative chamber 12 refractory brick 13 combustion chamber 14 carbonization chamber 15 oven ceiling 16 corbel 2 traveling crane 21 crane frame 22 crane rail 23 mobile rail 24 wheel 25 winch 3 wire 4 gripping device 5 guide fixture 5A first fixture part 5B second fixture part 51 guide plate 511 flat portion 512 curved portion 52 connecting body 521 outer plate 521a bent section 521b adjustment slot 522 inner plate 522a bent section 523 bolt 524 nut 53 weight 6 guide fixture 61 guide plate 611 flat portion 612 curved portion 62 connecting body 621 outer plate 622 inner plate PB precast block PB1 precast block PB2 precast block CS1 side surface CS2 side surface SE1 joint end face SE2 joint end face TR transfer range R rail FD longitudinal direction SD battery direction

Claims

1. A guide fixture (5, 6) comprising: two guide plates (51, 61) capable of sandwiching a precast block (PB) for a coke oven (1); and a connecting body (52, 62) configured to connect the two guide plates (51, 61) opposing one another, wherein the two guide plates (51, 61) each include a curved portion (512, 612) having an end portion flaring outward.

2. The guide fixture (5, 6) according to claim 1, wherein the connecting body (52, 62) is placed on the precast block (PB) for the coke oven (1).

3. The guide fixture (5, 6) according to one of claim 1 and claim 2, wherein the connecting body (52, 62) includes an adjustment mechanism to adjust a spacing between the two guide plates (51, 61).

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