Heat exchanger and refrigeration device

Abstract

A heat exchanger is provided for efficiently transferring heat generated as a result of adsorbing and desorbing a refrigerant to and from an adsorbent by using pressure change of the refrigerant flowing in a refrigeration cycle to a heat transfer medium. A first heat exchanger (111) and a second heat exchanger (112) are used for a refrigeration apparatus (100), and include a heat exchange member and an adsorbent (181). The heat exchange member includes a first flow path (171) through which a primary refrigerant flows and a second flow path (172) through which a secondary refrigerant flows. The heat exchange member performs heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path (171) and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path (172). The adsorbent (181) adsorbs and desorbs the primary refrigerant in accordance with a change in pressure of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path (171). The adsorbent (181) is carried on a first surface (182) of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, the first surface being a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a heat exchanger and a refrigeration apparatus.Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a hybrid refrigeration system configured by combining a vapor compression refrigeration cycle and an adsorption refrigeration cycle has been used. PTL 1 (International Publication No. WO 2009 / 145278) discloses a hybrid refrigeration system in which a pair of adsorbers of an adsorption refrigeration cycle are alternately cooled and heated to alternately repeat adsorption and desorption of a refrigerant in order to reduce a mechanical work load of a compressor of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle.Summary of InventionTechnical Problem

[0003] A heat exchanger is provided for efficiently transferring heat generated as a result of adsorbing and desorbing a refrigerant to and from an adsorbent by using pressure change of the refrigerant flowing in a refrigeration cycle to a heat transfer medium.Solution to Problem

[0004] A heat exchanger according to a first aspect is used in a refrigeration apparatus, and includes a heat exchange member and an adsorbent. The heat exchange member has a first flow path through which a primary refrigerant flows and a second flow path through which a secondary refrigerant flows. The heat exchange member performs heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the primary refrigerant in accordance with a change in pressure of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path. The adsorbent is carried on a first surface of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, the first surface being a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant.

[0005] In the heat exchanger of the first aspect, the adsorbent is carried on the surface of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, and thus heat generated from the adsorbent during adsorption and desorption of the primary refrigerant can be efficiently transferred to the secondary refrigerant.

[0006] A heat exchanger according to a second aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of fins, a heat transfer tube, and a casing. The plurality of fins are arranged to be stacked at an interval. The heat transfer tube penetrates the plurality of fins in a thickness direction of the fins. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the heat transfer tube. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the heat transfer tube. The first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins and the heat transfer tube.

[0007] A heat exchanger according to a third aspect is the heat exchanger according to the second aspect, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of fins.

[0008] A heat exchanger according to a fourth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes, a plurality of fins, and a casing. The plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged at an interval. The plurality of fins are arranged between the plurality of heat transfer tubes and have a corrugated shape. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins and the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0009] A heat exchanger according to a fifth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the fourth aspect, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0010] A heat exchanger according to a sixth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a casing. The casing accommodates the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0011] A heat exchanger according to a seventh aspect is the heat exchanger according to the sixth aspect, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0012] A heat exchanger according to an eighth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of fins, a heat transfer tube, and a casing. The plurality of fins are arranged to be stacked at an interval. The heat transfer tube penetrates the plurality of fins in a thickness direction of the fins. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the heat transfer tube. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the heat transfer tube. The first surface includes at least part of an inner surface of the heat transfer tube.

[0013] A heat exchanger according to a ninth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes, a plurality of fins, and a casing. The plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged at an interval. The plurality of fins are arranged between the plurality of heat transfer tubes and have a corrugated shape. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0014] A heat exchanger according to a tenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a casing. The casing accommodates the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0015] A heat exchanger according to an eleventh aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The inner tube is provided in the outer tube. The first flow path is a space between the inner tube and the outer tube. The second flow path is a space inside the inner tube. The first surface includes at least part of an outer surface of the inner tube and an inner surface of the outer tube.

[0016] A heat exchanger according to a twelfth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The inner tube is provided in the outer tube. The first flow path is a space inside the inner tube. The second flow path is a space between the inner tube and the outer tube. The first surface includes at least part of an inner surface of the inner tube.

[0017] A heat exchanger according to a thirteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of plates arranged to be stacked in a first direction. The plurality of plates alternately form the first flow path and the second flow path in the first direction. The first surface includes at least part of surfaces of the plates.

[0018] A heat exchanger according to a fourteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the eighth to thirteenth aspects, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of the first flow path.

[0019] A heat exchanger according to a fifteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that an amount of heat generated from the adsorbent when the heat exchange is performed is increased along a second direction in which the secondary refrigerant flows through the second flow path.

[0020] The heat exchanger according to the fifteenth aspect enables efficient transfer of heat from the primary refrigerant to the secondary refrigerant, with the usage amount and type of the primary refrigerant set to guarantee a sufficient temperature difference with the secondary refrigerant.

[0021] A heat exchanger according to a sixteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the fifteenth aspect, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that an amount of the adsorbent carried on the first surface varies along the second direction.

[0022] A heat exchanger according to a seventeenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the fifteenth aspect or sixteenth aspect, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that a type of the adsorbent carried on the first surface varies along the second direction.

[0023] A heat exchanger according to an eighteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, wherein at least part of the first flow path includes only one location where the primary refrigerant flows in and out.

[0024] A heat exchanger according to a nineteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to eighteenth aspect, wherein the adsorbent includes a metal-organic framework including a metal ion and an organic ligand.

[0025] A heat exchanger according to a twentieth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, wherein the primary refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane.

[0026] A refrigeration apparatus according to a twenty first aspect includes a first refrigerant circuit through which a primary refrigerant flows, a second refrigerant circuit through which a secondary refrigerant flows, and the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to twentieth aspects. The heat exchanger performs heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit.Brief Description of Drawings

[0027] [Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment. [Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first heat exchanger 111 and a second heat exchanger 112 according the first embodiment. [Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a second embodiment. [Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a third embodiment. [Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a fourth embodiment. [Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a fifth embodiment. [Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A1. [Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A2. [Fig. 9] Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A3. [Fig. 10] Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A4. Description of Embodiments-First Embodiment-(1) Overall Configuration of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0028] As illustrated in Fig. 1, the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment includes a first refrigerant circuit 101 through which a primary refrigerant flows, a second refrigerant circuit 102 through which a secondary refrigerant flows, a first heat exchanger 111, and a second heat exchanger 112. In Fig. 1, the first refrigerant circuit 101 is drawn by bold lines. The primary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane. The secondary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of water, brine (liquid having a freezing temperature of 0 °C or lower), and air. The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 perform heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102. The refrigeration apparatus 100 is, for example, an air conditioning apparatus.(1-1) Configuration of First Refrigerant Circuit 101

[0029] The first refrigerant circuit 101 forms a refrigeration cycle that functions as a heat pump that utilizes the transfer of latent heat generated when the primary refrigerant releases heat (condenses) or absorbs heat (evaporates). The first refrigerant circuit 101 connects a compressor 131, an expansion mechanism 132, the first heat exchanger 111, the second heat exchanger 112, and a switching unit 135. The primary refrigerant circulates through the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0030] The compressor 131 compresses the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The compressor 131 is, for example, a rotary compressor.

[0031] The expansion mechanism 132 decompresses the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The expansion mechanism 132 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve. The expansion mechanism 132 is provided between the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0032] The switching unit 135 switches the flow direction of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The switching unit 135 is, for example, a four-way switching valve. The switching unit 135 switches between a first mode of the flow direction indicated by solid lines in Fig. 1 and a second mode of the flow direction indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1. Under the first mode, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat exchanger 111, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat exchanger 112. Under the second mode, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat exchanger 112, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat exchanger 111.(1-2) Configuration of Second Refrigerant Circuit 102

[0033] The second refrigerant circuit 102 functions as a heat pump for using the secondary refrigerant as a heat source. The secondary refrigerant is used as a heat transfer medium that transfers heat or cold obtained through heat exchange with the primary refrigerant to a predetermined location. The second refrigerant circuit 102 connects a first fluid pump 141, a third heat exchanger 142, a first fan 143, the first heat exchanger 111, a second fluid pump 151, a fourth heat exchanger 152, a second fan 153, the second heat exchanger 112, and flow path changing parts 156 to 159.

[0034] The first fluid pump 141 pumps the secondary refrigerant to the third heat exchanger 142. The third heat exchanger 142 performs heat exchange between the secondary refrigerant and the air. The first fan 143 generates a flow of air passing through the third heat exchanger 142 to perform the heat exchange in the third heat exchanger 142.

[0035] The second fluid pump 151 pumps the secondary refrigerant to the fourth heat exchanger 152. The fourth heat exchanger 152 performs heat exchange between the secondary refrigerant and the air. The second fan 153 generates a flow of air passing through the fourth heat exchanger 152 to perform the heat exchange in the fourth heat exchanger 152.

[0036] The flow path changing parts 156 to 159 switch the connection state of the second refrigerant circuit 102 to change flow paths through which the secondary refrigerant flows. The flow path changing parts 156 to 159 are, for example, three-way switching valves. The flow path changing parts 156 to 159 switch between a third mode of the connection state indicated by the solid lines in Fig. 1 and a fourth mode of the connection state indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 1.

[0037] The second refrigerant circuit 102 has two circuits independent of each other under each of the third mode and the fourth mode. The two circuits of the second refrigerant circuit 102 are referred to as a first circulation circuit and a second circulation circuit. In Fig. 1, the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant under the third mode is indicated by the solid lines, and the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant under the fourth mode is indicated by the broken lines. The secondary refrigerant circulates in each of the first circulation circuit and the second circulation circuit.

[0038] Under the third mode, the first circulation circuit connects the first fluid pump 141, the third heat exchanger 142, the flow path changing part 156, the first heat exchanger 111, and the flow path changing part 157. In the third mode, the second circulation circuit connects the second fluid pump 151, the fourth heat exchanger 152, the flow path changing part 158, the second heat exchanger 112, and the flow path changing part 159.

[0039] Under the fourth mode, the first circulation circuit connects the first fluid pump 141, the third heat exchanger 142, the flow path changing part 156, the second heat exchanger 112, and the flow path changing part 157. Under the fourth mode, the second circulation circuit connects the second fluid pump 151, the fourth heat exchanger 152, the flow path changing part 158, the first heat exchanger 111, and the flow path changing part 159.(1-3) Configurations of First Heat Exchanger 111 and Second Heat Exchanger 112

[0040] The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 each include a heat exchange member and an adsorbent. The heat exchange member includes a first flow path through which the primary refrigerant flows and a second flow path through which the secondary refrigerant flows. The first flow path is a part of the first refrigerant circuit 101. The second flow path is a part of the second refrigerant circuit 102. The first flow path and the second flow path do not communicate with each other.

[0041] The heat exchange member performs heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path. The adsorbent is provided in the first flow path. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the primary refrigerant, flowing through the first flow path, in accordance with a change in pressure of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path. The adsorbent is carried on a first surface of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, the first surface being a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant.

[0042] The adsorbent carried on the first surface includes a metal-organic framework (MOF) including a metal ion and an organic ligand. The metal-organic framework is a porous material that has a very large specific surface area, and is obtained through reaction between the metal ion and the organic ligand. In the metal-organic framework, a polymer structure having innumerable openings therein is obtained through linking of the organic ligand with the metal ion. The opening diameter and the topology of the metal-organic framework can be adjusted by selecting and combining the metal ion and the organic ligand. Therefore, in the metal-organic framework, the opening diameter can be adjusted and the target substance can be selectively adsorbed by selecting and combining the metal ion and the organic ligand. The metal-organic framework is used, for example, as a porous material that have the function of selectively storing and separating molecules and ions.

[0043] In the refrigeration apparatus 100, the metal-organic framework is used as an adsorbent for adsorbing and desorbing the primary refrigerant. The metal-organic framework is, for example, MOF-5, MOF-200, UiO-66, and MIL-101. The adsorbent used in the refrigeration apparatus 100 is, for example, powder of the metal-organic framework. In this case, the adsorbent is carried on the first surface by bonding a molded mixture of the adsorbent and a binder to the first surface.

[0044] In the first embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are cross-fin type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the heat exchange member of the cross-fin type heat exchanger includes a plurality of fins 161, a heat transfer tube 162, and a casing 163. The heat transfer tube 162 includes a plurality of straight tube portions 162a extending linearly and a folded portion 162b connecting two straight tube portions 162a. Each of the plurality of fins 161 has, in a thickness direction thereof, through-holes through which the straight tube portions 162a of the heat transfer tube 162 pass. The plurality of fins 161 are arranged, around the straight tube portions 162a of the heat transfer tube 162, to be stacked at a predetermined interval along the direction in which the straight tube portions 162a extend. The heat transfer tube 162 has a first end portion 162c and a second end portion 162d connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. The casing 163 accommodates the plurality of fins 161 and the heat transfer tube 162. The casing 163 has an inflow port 163a and an outflow port 163b that are connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0045] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the inflow port 163a to flow into the casing 163, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tube 162, and then passes through the outflow port 163b to flow out from the casing 163 and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the first end portion 162c to flow into the heat transfer tube 162, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the casing 163, and then passes through the second end portion 162d to flow out from the heat transfer tube 162 and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0046] In the first embodiment, a first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and outside the heat transfer tube 162. A second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and inside the heat transfer tube 162. A first surface 182 includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins 161 and the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is, for example, the surfaces of the plurality of fins 161 and the outer surface of the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with an adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.

[0047] At least part of the first flow path 171 includes only one location where the primary refrigerant flows in and out. In other words, the first flow path 171 includes a flow path through which the primary refrigerant circulates.(2) Operation of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0048] The operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 will be described for a case where the refrigeration apparatus 100 is an air conditioning apparatus. In this case, the third heat exchanger 142 is an indoor heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger 152 is an outdoor heat exchanger.

[0049] The adsorbent 181 in each of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 adsorbs and desorbs the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The high-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101 is filled with the primary refrigerant at a first pressure. The low-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101 is filled with the primary refrigerant at a second pressure. The first pressure is higher than the second pressure. The adsorbent 181 adsorbs the primary refrigerant in the high-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101. The adsorbent 181 desorbs the primary refrigerant in the low-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0050] First, a description will be given on a change in the adsorption amount, which is the amount of the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181, when the first refrigerant circuit 101 is under the first mode. In an initial state, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 is assumed to a first adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 is assumed to be a second adsorption amount. The second adsorption amount is larger than the first adsorption amount.

[0051] The low-pressure primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 is compressed by the compressor 131. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant increases from the second pressure to the first pressure. The high-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of the compression by the compressor 131 flows into the first flow path 171 of the first heat exchanger 111. In the first heat exchanger 111, the primary refrigerant at the first pressure is gradually adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 while releasing heat. Thereafter, the primary refrigerant passes through the first heat exchanger 111 and is decompressed by the expansion mechanism 132. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant decreases from the first pressure to the second pressure. The low-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of decompression by the expansion mechanism 132 flows into the first flow path 171 of the second heat exchanger 112. In the second heat exchanger 112, the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is gradually desorbed from the adsorbent 181 while absorbing heat. In this process, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 increases from the first adsorption amount to the second adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 decreases from the second adsorption amount to the first adsorption amount.

[0052] Next, a description will be given on a change in the adsorption amount, which is the amount of the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181, when the first refrigerant circuit 101 is under the second mode. In the initial state, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 is assumed to be the second adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 is assumed to be the first adsorption amount.

[0053] The low-pressure primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 is compressed by the compressor 131. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant increases from the second pressure to the first pressure. The high-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of the compression by the compressor 131 flows into the first flow path 171 of the second heat exchanger 112. In the second heat exchanger 112, the primary refrigerant at the first pressure is gradually adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 while releasing heat. Thereafter, the primary refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 112 and is decompressed by the expansion mechanism 132. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant decreases from the first pressure to the second pressure. The low-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of decompression by the expansion mechanism 132 flows into the first flow path 171 of the first heat exchanger 111. In the first heat exchanger 111, the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is gradually desorbed from the adsorbent 181 while absorbing heat. In this process, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 decreases from the second adsorption amount to the first adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 increases from the first adsorption amount to the second adsorption amount.

[0054] When the refrigeration apparatus 100 is operated under the first mode and the third mode, in the first heat exchanger 111, heat generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 adsorbs the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. On the other hand, in the second heat exchanger 112, cold, generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 desorbs the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. Thus, under the first mode and the third mode, heat is transferred from the primary refrigerant to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the first circulation circuit in the first heat exchanger 111, and heat is transferred from the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second circulation circuit to the primary refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 112.

[0055] Thereafter, once the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 reaches the second adsorption amount, the primary refrigerant becomes less prone to be adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111. In this state, the refrigeration apparatus 100 is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and from the third mode to the fourth mode.

[0056] When the refrigeration apparatus 100 is operated under the second mode and the fourth mode, in the second heat exchanger 112, heat generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 adsorbs the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. On the other hand, in the first heat exchanger 111, cold, generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 desorbs the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. Therefore, under the second mode and the fourth mode, heat is transferred from the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second circulation circuit to the primary refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 111, and heat is transferred from the primary refrigerant to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the first circulation circuit in the second heat exchanger 112.

[0057] Thereafter, once the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 reaches the second adsorption amount, the primary refrigerant becomes less prone to be adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112. In this state, the refrigeration apparatus 100 is switched from the second mode to the first mode, and from the fourth mode to the third mode.

[0058] As described above, by alternately switching between the first mode and the second mode, the primary refrigerant can be continuously adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 in either one of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112. Further, by alternately switching between the third mode and the fourth mode in accordance with the switching between the first mode and the second mode, the heat generated when the primary refrigerant is adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 can be continuously supplied to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the first circulation circuit.

[0059] Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus 100 can continuously supply the secondary refrigerant heated through heat exchange with the primary refrigerant to the third heat exchanger 142 connected to the first circulation circuit. The air heated through the heat exchange with the secondary refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 142 is sent to a predetermined location by the first fan 143.(3) Effects of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0060] The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 of the refrigeration apparatus 100 have the first surface 182 that is a surface carrying the adsorbent 181 and coming into contact with the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171. With the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182, heat or cold generated from the adsorbent 181 through adsorption and desorption of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 can be efficiently transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172.

[0061] Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus 100 can improve the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant, whereby the refrigerating capacity can be improved as compared with the case where the adsorbent 181 is not carried on the first surface 182. Further, in the refrigeration apparatus 100, with the improvement in the efficiency of the heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant, the heat exchange members such as the plurality of fins 161, the heat transfer tube 162, and the casing 163 can be made compact, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.-Second Embodiment-

[0062] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a second embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0063] In the second embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are corrugated fin-type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the heat exchange member of the corrugated fin-type heat exchanger includes a plurality of fins 261, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and a casing 263. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 262 are flat tubes arranged at an equal interval along a predetermined direction so as not to be in contact with each other. The plurality of fins 261 are disposed between the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The plurality of fins 261 are formed in a corrugated shape as viewed in the flow direction of the air passing through the plurality of fins 261. The longitudinal direction of the plurality of fins 261 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. Both ends of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262 are connected to a first header 264a and a second header 264b. The first header 264a and the second header 264b are connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. The casing 263 accommodates the plurality of fins 261 and the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The casing 263 includes an inflow port 263a and an outflow port 263b that are connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0064] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the inflow port 263a to flow into the casing 263, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and then passes through the outflow port 263b to flow out from the casing 263 and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows into the first header 264a, is then distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing inside the casing 263, then merges at the second header 264b, and flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0065] In the second embodiment, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins 261 and the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is, for example, the surfaces of the plurality of fins 261 and the outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Third Embodiment-

[0066] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a third embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0067] In the third embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are shell and tube type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the heat exchange member of the shell and tube type heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, a casing 363, and a baffle 364. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 362 are arranged so as not to be in contact with each other. The casing 363 is a tubular member extending along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The casing 363 accommodates the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The internal space of the casing 363 is partitioned into an inlet-side space 363a, an outlet-side space 363b, and a heat-exchange space 363c. The inlet-side space 363a communicates with one end portions of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The outlet-side space 363b communicates with the other end portions of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The heat-exchange space 363c does not communicate with the internal spaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The inlet-side space 363a and the outlet-side space 363b are connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. The casing 363 has an inflow port 363d and an outflow port 363e that connect the heat-exchange space 363c and the first refrigerant circuit 101. A plurality of the baffles 364 are arranged in the heat-exchange space 363c. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the plurality of baffles 364 are arranged at positions such that the fluid flowing from the inflow port 363d toward the outflow port 363e in the heat-exchange space 363c forms a meandering flow path.

[0068] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the inflow port 363d to flow into the heat-exchange space 363c, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, and then passes through the outflow port 363e to flow out from the heat-exchange space 363c and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. After flowing into the inlet-side space 363a, the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the heat-exchange space 363c, then merges in the outlet-side space 363b, and flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0069] In the third embodiment, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is, for example, the outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Fourth Embodiment-

[0070] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a fourth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the fourth embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0071] In the fourth embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are double-tube heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 5, the heat exchange member of the double-tube heat exchanger includes an outer tube 462 and an inner tube 464 provided in the outer tube 462. The inner tube 464 is arranged with a gap formed between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464. The space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464 may be partitioned into a plurality of spaces. The space inside the inner tube 464 is connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. A space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464 is connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0072] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows in between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing inside the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows into the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102. In the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112, the flow direction of the primary refrigerant is preferably opposite to the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant.

[0073] In the fourth embodiment, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the outer surface of the inner tube 464 and the inner surface of the outer tube 462. The first surface 182 is, for example, the outer surface of the inner tube 464 and the inner surface of the outer tube 462. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Fifth Embodiment-

[0074] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a fifth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the fifth embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0075] In the fifth embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are plate type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 6, the heat exchange member of the plate type heat exchanger includes a plurality of plates 562. The plurality of plates 562 are stacked along a predetermined first direction. The plurality of plates 562 are shaped in such a manner that when the plates 562 are stacked along the first direction, a gap serving as the first flow path 171 and the second flow path 172 is formed between two plates 562. The plurality of plates 562 alternately form the first flow path 171 and the second flow path 172 along the first direction. The main surfaces of the plurality of plates 562 with which the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant come into contact may be partially formed in a corrugated shape.

[0076] The plurality of plates 562 are sandwiched between a pair of frames 564 at both ends in the first direction. The plurality of plates 562 are fastened together with the pair of frames 564 using bolts or the like. One of the pair of frames 564 is provided with a first connecting portion 564a, a second connecting portion 564b, a third connecting portion 564c, and a fourth connecting portion 564d. The first connecting portion 564a and the second connecting portion 564b are tubes serving as both ends of the first flow path 171, and are connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The third connecting portion 564c and the fourth connecting portion 564d are tubes serving as both ends of the second flow path 172, and are connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0077] Each of the plurality of plates 562 has a first through hole 562a, a second through hole 562b, a third through hole 562c, and a fourth through hole 562d. The first through hole 562a, the second through hole 562b, the third through hole 562c, and the fourth through hole 562d respectively communicate with the first connecting portion 564a, the second connecting portion 564b, the third connecting portion 564c, and the fourth connecting portion 564d. The first through hole 562a and the second through hole 562b communicate with the first flow path 171 and do not communicate with the second flow path 172. The third through hole 562c and the fourth through hole 562d communicate with the second flow path 172 and do not communicate with the first flow path 171.

[0078] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows into the first flow path 171 from the first connecting portion 564a, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172, and then flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101 from the second connecting portion 564b. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows into the second flow path 172 from the third connecting portion 564c, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171, and then flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102 from the fourth connecting portion 564d.

[0079] In the fifth embodiment, the first surface 182 includes at least part of the surfaces of the plurality of plates 562. The first surface 182 is, for example, main surfaces of the pair of plates 562 of the first flow path 171, and is a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Modifications-(1) Modification A

[0080] In the first to the fourth embodiments, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 include the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows and the second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows. However, as described below, the positions of the first flow path 171 and the second flow path 172 may be reversed from those in the first to the fourth embodiments.(1-1) Modification A1 (Modification of First Embodiment)

[0081] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the first end portion 162c to flow into the heat transfer tube 162, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the casing 163, and then passes through the second end portion 162d to flow out from the heat transfer tube 162 and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the inflow port 163a to flow into the casing 163, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tube 162, and then passes through the outflow port 163b to flow out from the casing 163 and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0082] As illustrated in Fig. 7, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and inside the heat transfer tube 162. A second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and outside the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 includes at least part of an inner surface of the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is, for example, the inner surface of the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(1-2) Modification A2 (Modification of Second Embodiment)

[0083] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows into the first header 264a, is then distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing inside the casing 263, then merges at the second header 264b, and flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the inflow port 263a to flow into the casing 263, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and then passes through the outflow port 263b to flow out from the casing 263 and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0084] As illustrated in Fig. 8, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is, for example, inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(1-3) Modification A3 (Modification of Third Embodiment)

[0085] After flowing into the inlet-side space 363a, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the heat-exchange space 363c, then merges in the outlet-side space 363b, and flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the inflow port 363d to flow into the heat-exchange space 363c, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, and then passes through the outflow port 363e to flow out from the heat-exchange space 363c and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0086] As illustrated in Fig. 9, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is, for example, inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(1-4) Modification A4 (Modification of Fourth Embodiment)

[0087] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows into the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows in between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing inside the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102. In the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112, the flow direction of the primary refrigerant is preferably opposite to the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant.

[0088] As illustrated in Fig. 10, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the inner tube 464. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 includes at least part of an inner surface of the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 is, for example, the inner surface of the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(2) Modification B

[0089] In the first to the fifth embodiments and Modifications A1 to A4, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space through which the primary refrigerant flows.

[0090] In the first embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the plurality of fins 161. In other words, at least part of the space through which the air used for the heat exchanged passes in the plurality of fins 161 may be fill with the adsorbent 181.

[0091] In the second embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. In other words, at least part of the space through which the air used for the heat exchanged passes in the plurality of fins 261 may be fill with the adsorbent 181.

[0092] In the third embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362.

[0093] In the fourth embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464.

[0094] In the fifth embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of a space between the plurality of plates 562 through which the primary refrigerant flows.

[0095] In Modification A1, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the heat transfer tube 162.

[0096] In Modification A2, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262.

[0097] In Modification A3, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362.

[0098] In Modification A4, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the inner tube 464.

[0099] The metal-organic framework used as the adsorbent 181 is a porous solid. The gaseous primary refrigerant can be adsorbed to and desorbed from the adsorbent 181 while easily passing through the adsorbent 181. Therefore, the pressure loss of the primary refrigerant passing through the adsorbent 181 is ignorable, meaning that an impact thereof does not need to be taken into consideration. Therefore, in the present modification, the amount of the adsorbent 181 to be used is increased as compared with the case where the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182, meaning that the amount of heat generated from the adsorbent 181 during adsorption of the primary refrigerant can be increased. As a result, the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant can be improved.(3) Modification C

[0100] The adsorbent 181 is preferably carried on the first surface 182 such that an amount of heat generated from the adsorbent 181 when the heat exchange is performed is increased along the second direction in which the secondary refrigerant flows through the second flow path 172.

[0101] Specifically, the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182 such that the amount of the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182 varies along the second direction. For example, the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182 such that the thickness of the adsorbent carried on the first surface 182 varies along the second direction. Furthermore, the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182 such that the type of the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182 varies along the second direction.

[0102] The metal-organic framework used as the adsorbent 181 generates different amounts of heat when adsorbing the primary refrigerant, depending on the type of the metal ion and the organic ligand in the metal-organic framework, and the amount of the metal-organic framework used. Therefore, the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant can be improved by appropriately selecting the amount and type of the metal-organic framework used.(4) Modification D

[0103] In the first embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 may include the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, the first header 264a, and the second header 264b of the second embodiment instead of the heat transfer tube 162.

[0104] Further, in the first and second embodiments, a microchannel tube may be used as the heat transfer tubes 162 and 262.(5) Modification E

[0105] In the first to fifth embodiments, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 include the same type of heat exchange member. However, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 may include different types of heat exchange members.(6) Modification F

[0106] The adsorbent used in the refrigeration apparatus 100 is a metal-organic framework. However, a material other than the metal-organic framework may be used as the adsorbent. Examples of the material other than the metal-organic framework include activated carbon, a zeolite-based material, a silica-based material, and an alumina-based material.

[0107] While embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, it should be understood that various changes in mode and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims.Reference Signs List

[0108] 100Refrigeration apparatus 101First refrigerant circuit 102Second refrigerant circuit 111First heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 112Second heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 161Plurality of fins 162Heat transfer tube 163Casing 171First flow path 172Second flow path 181Adsorbent 182First surface 261Plurality of fins 262Plurality of heat transfer tubes 263Casing 362Plurality of heat transfer tubes 363Casing 462Outer tube 464Inner tube 562Plurality of plates Citation ListPatent Literature

[0109] PTL 1: International Publication No. WO 2009 / 145278

Examples

first embodiment -

-First Embodiment-

(1) Overall Configuration of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0028]As illustrated in Fig. 1, the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment includes a first refrigerant circuit 101 through which a primary refrigerant flows, a second refrigerant circuit 102 through which a secondary refrigerant flows, a first heat exchanger 111, and a second heat exchanger 112. In Fig. 1, the first refrigerant circuit 101 is drawn by bold lines. The primary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane. The secondary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of water, brine (liquid having a freezing temperature of 0 °C or lower), and air. The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 perform heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102. The refri...

second embodiment -

-Second Embodiment-

[0062]The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a second embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0063]In the second embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are corrugated fin-type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the heat exchange member of the corrugated fin-type heat exchanger includes a plurality of fins 261, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and a casing 263. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 262 are flat tubes arranged at an equal interval along a predetermined direction so as not to be in contact with each other. The plurality of fins 261 are disposed between the plur...

third embodiment -

-Third Embodiment-

[0066]The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a third embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0067]In the third embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are shell and tube type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the heat exchange member of the shell and tube type heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, a casing 363, and a baffle 364. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 362 are arranged so as not to be in contact with each other. The casing 363 is a tubular member extending along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The casing ...

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a heat exchanger and a refrigeration apparatus.Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a hybrid refrigeration system configured by combining a vapor compression refrigeration cycle and an adsorption refrigeration cycle has been used. PTL 1 (International Publication No. WO 2009 / 145278) discloses a hybrid refrigeration system in which a pair of adsorbers of an adsorption refrigeration cycle are alternately cooled and heated to alternately repeat adsorption and desorption of a refrigerant in order to reduce a mechanical work load of a compressor of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle.Summary of InventionTechnical Problem

[0003] A heat exchanger is provided for efficiently transferring heat generated as a result of adsorbing and desorbing a refrigerant to and from an adsorbent by using pressure change of the refrigerant flowing in a refrigeration cycle to a heat transfer medium.Solution to Problem

[0004] A heat exchanger according to a first aspect is used in a refrigeration apparatus, and includes a heat exchange member and an adsorbent. The heat exchange member has a first flow path through which a primary refrigerant flows and a second flow path through which a secondary refrigerant flows. The heat exchange member performs heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the primary refrigerant in accordance with a change in pressure of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path. The adsorbent is carried on a first surface of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, the first surface being a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant.

[0005] In the heat exchanger of the first aspect, the adsorbent is carried on the surface of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, and thus heat generated from the adsorbent during adsorption and desorption of the primary refrigerant can be efficiently transferred to the secondary refrigerant.

[0006] A heat exchanger according to a second aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of fins, a heat transfer tube, and a casing. The plurality of fins are arranged to be stacked at an interval. The heat transfer tube penetrates the plurality of fins in a thickness direction of the fins. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the heat transfer tube. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the heat transfer tube. The first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins and the heat transfer tube.

[0007] A heat exchanger according to a third aspect is the heat exchanger according to the second aspect, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of fins.

[0008] A heat exchanger according to a fourth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes, a plurality of fins, and a casing. The plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged at an interval. The plurality of fins are arranged between the plurality of heat transfer tubes and have a corrugated shape. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins and the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0009] A heat exchanger according to a fifth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the fourth aspect, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0010] A heat exchanger according to a sixth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a casing. The casing accommodates the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0011] A heat exchanger according to a seventh aspect is the heat exchanger according to the sixth aspect, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0012] A heat exchanger according to an eighth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of fins, a heat transfer tube, and a casing. The plurality of fins are arranged to be stacked at an interval. The heat transfer tube penetrates the plurality of fins in a thickness direction of the fins. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the heat transfer tube. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the heat transfer tube. The first surface includes at least part of an inner surface of the heat transfer tube.

[0013] A heat exchanger according to a ninth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes, a plurality of fins, and a casing. The plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged at an interval. The plurality of fins are arranged between the plurality of heat transfer tubes and have a corrugated shape. The casing accommodates the plurality of fins. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0014] A heat exchanger according to a tenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a casing. The casing accommodates the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes. The first surface includes at least part of inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

[0015] A heat exchanger according to an eleventh aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The inner tube is provided in the outer tube. The first flow path is a space between the inner tube and the outer tube. The second flow path is a space inside the inner tube. The first surface includes at least part of an outer surface of the inner tube and an inner surface of the outer tube.

[0016] A heat exchanger according to a twelfth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The inner tube is provided in the outer tube. The first flow path is a space inside the inner tube. The second flow path is a space between the inner tube and the outer tube. The first surface includes at least part of an inner surface of the inner tube.

[0017] A heat exchanger according to a thirteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of plates arranged to be stacked in a first direction. The plurality of plates alternately form the first flow path and the second flow path in the first direction. The first surface includes at least part of surfaces of the plates.

[0018] A heat exchanger according to a fourteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the eighth to thirteenth aspects, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of the first flow path.

[0019] A heat exchanger according to a fifteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that an amount of heat generated from the adsorbent when the heat exchange is performed is increased along a second direction in which the secondary refrigerant flows through the second flow path.

[0020] The heat exchanger according to the fifteenth aspect enables efficient transfer of heat from the primary refrigerant to the secondary refrigerant, with the usage amount and type of the primary refrigerant set to guarantee a sufficient temperature difference with the secondary refrigerant.

[0021] A heat exchanger according to a sixteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the fifteenth aspect, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that an amount of the adsorbent carried on the first surface varies along the second direction.

[0022] A heat exchanger according to a seventeenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the fifteenth aspect or sixteenth aspect, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that a type of the adsorbent carried on the first surface varies along the second direction.

[0023] A heat exchanger according to an eighteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, wherein at least part of the first flow path includes only one location where the primary refrigerant flows in and out.

[0024] A heat exchanger according to a nineteenth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to eighteenth aspect, wherein the adsorbent includes a metal-organic framework including a metal ion and an organic ligand.

[0025] A heat exchanger according to a twentieth aspect is the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, wherein the primary refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane.

[0026] A refrigeration apparatus according to a twenty first aspect includes a first refrigerant circuit through which a primary refrigerant flows, a second refrigerant circuit through which a secondary refrigerant flows, and the heat exchanger according to any one of the first to twentieth aspects. The heat exchanger performs heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit.Brief Description of Drawings

[0027] [Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment. [Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first heat exchanger 111 and a second heat exchanger 112 according the first embodiment. [Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a second embodiment. [Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a third embodiment. [Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a fourth embodiment. [Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to a fifth embodiment. [Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A1. [Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A2. [Fig. 9] Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A3. [Fig. 10] Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 according to Modification A4. Description of Embodiments-First Embodiment-(1) Overall Configuration of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0028] As illustrated in Fig. 1, the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment includes a first refrigerant circuit 101 through which a primary refrigerant flows, a second refrigerant circuit 102 through which a secondary refrigerant flows, a first heat exchanger 111, and a second heat exchanger 112. In Fig. 1, the first refrigerant circuit 101 is drawn by bold lines. The primary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane. The secondary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of water, brine (liquid having a freezing temperature of 0 °C or lower), and air. The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 perform heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102. The refrigeration apparatus 100 is, for example, an air conditioning apparatus.(1-1) Configuration of First Refrigerant Circuit 101

[0029] The first refrigerant circuit 101 forms a refrigeration cycle that functions as a heat pump that utilizes the transfer of latent heat generated when the primary refrigerant releases heat (condenses) or absorbs heat (evaporates). The first refrigerant circuit 101 connects a compressor 131, an expansion mechanism 132, the first heat exchanger 111, the second heat exchanger 112, and a switching unit 135. The primary refrigerant circulates through the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0030] The compressor 131 compresses the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The compressor 131 is, for example, a rotary compressor.

[0031] The expansion mechanism 132 decompresses the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The expansion mechanism 132 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve. The expansion mechanism 132 is provided between the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0032] The switching unit 135 switches the flow direction of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The switching unit 135 is, for example, a four-way switching valve. The switching unit 135 switches between a first mode of the flow direction indicated by solid lines in Fig. 1 and a second mode of the flow direction indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1. Under the first mode, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat exchanger 111, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat exchanger 112. Under the second mode, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat exchanger 112, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat exchanger 111.(1-2) Configuration of Second Refrigerant Circuit 102

[0033] The second refrigerant circuit 102 functions as a heat pump for using the secondary refrigerant as a heat source. The secondary refrigerant is used as a heat transfer medium that transfers heat or cold obtained through heat exchange with the primary refrigerant to a predetermined location. The second refrigerant circuit 102 connects a first fluid pump 141, a third heat exchanger 142, a first fan 143, the first heat exchanger 111, a second fluid pump 151, a fourth heat exchanger 152, a second fan 153, the second heat exchanger 112, and flow path changing parts 156 to 159.

[0034] The first fluid pump 141 pumps the secondary refrigerant to the third heat exchanger 142. The third heat exchanger 142 performs heat exchange between the secondary refrigerant and the air. The first fan 143 generates a flow of air passing through the third heat exchanger 142 to perform the heat exchange in the third heat exchanger 142.

[0035] The second fluid pump 151 pumps the secondary refrigerant to the fourth heat exchanger 152. The fourth heat exchanger 152 performs heat exchange between the secondary refrigerant and the air. The second fan 153 generates a flow of air passing through the fourth heat exchanger 152 to perform the heat exchange in the fourth heat exchanger 152.

[0036] The flow path changing parts 156 to 159 switch the connection state of the second refrigerant circuit 102 to change flow paths through which the secondary refrigerant flows. The flow path changing parts 156 to 159 are, for example, three-way switching valves. The flow path changing parts 156 to 159 switch between a third mode of the connection state indicated by the solid lines in Fig. 1 and a fourth mode of the connection state indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 1.

[0037] The second refrigerant circuit 102 has two circuits independent of each other under each of the third mode and the fourth mode. The two circuits of the second refrigerant circuit 102 are referred to as a first circulation circuit and a second circulation circuit. In Fig. 1, the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant under the third mode is indicated by the solid lines, and the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant under the fourth mode is indicated by the broken lines. The secondary refrigerant circulates in each of the first circulation circuit and the second circulation circuit.

[0038] Under the third mode, the first circulation circuit connects the first fluid pump 141, the third heat exchanger 142, the flow path changing part 156, the first heat exchanger 111, and the flow path changing part 157. In the third mode, the second circulation circuit connects the second fluid pump 151, the fourth heat exchanger 152, the flow path changing part 158, the second heat exchanger 112, and the flow path changing part 159.

[0039] Under the fourth mode, the first circulation circuit connects the first fluid pump 141, the third heat exchanger 142, the flow path changing part 156, the second heat exchanger 112, and the flow path changing part 157. Under the fourth mode, the second circulation circuit connects the second fluid pump 151, the fourth heat exchanger 152, the flow path changing part 158, the first heat exchanger 111, and the flow path changing part 159.(1-3) Configurations of First Heat Exchanger 111 and Second Heat Exchanger 112

[0040] The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 each include a heat exchange member and an adsorbent. The heat exchange member includes a first flow path through which the primary refrigerant flows and a second flow path through which the secondary refrigerant flows. The first flow path is a part of the first refrigerant circuit 101. The second flow path is a part of the second refrigerant circuit 102. The first flow path and the second flow path do not communicate with each other.

[0041] The heat exchange member performs heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path. The adsorbent is provided in the first flow path. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the primary refrigerant, flowing through the first flow path, in accordance with a change in pressure of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path. The adsorbent is carried on a first surface of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, the first surface being a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant.

[0042] The adsorbent carried on the first surface includes a metal-organic framework (MOF) including a metal ion and an organic ligand. The metal-organic framework is a porous material that has a very large specific surface area, and is obtained through reaction between the metal ion and the organic ligand. In the metal-organic framework, a polymer structure having innumerable openings therein is obtained through linking of the organic ligand with the metal ion. The opening diameter and the topology of the metal-organic framework can be adjusted by selecting and combining the metal ion and the organic ligand. Therefore, in the metal-organic framework, the opening diameter can be adjusted and the target substance can be selectively adsorbed by selecting and combining the metal ion and the organic ligand. The metal-organic framework is used, for example, as a porous material that have the function of selectively storing and separating molecules and ions.

[0043] In the refrigeration apparatus 100, the metal-organic framework is used as an adsorbent for adsorbing and desorbing the primary refrigerant. The metal-organic framework is, for example, MOF-5, MOF-200, UiO-66, and MIL-101. The adsorbent used in the refrigeration apparatus 100 is, for example, powder of the metal-organic framework. In this case, the adsorbent is carried on the first surface by bonding a molded mixture of the adsorbent and a binder to the first surface.

[0044] In the first embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are cross-fin type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the heat exchange member of the cross-fin type heat exchanger includes a plurality of fins 161, a heat transfer tube 162, and a casing 163. The heat transfer tube 162 includes a plurality of straight tube portions 162a extending linearly and a folded portion 162b connecting two straight tube portions 162a. Each of the plurality of fins 161 has, in a thickness direction thereof, through-holes through which the straight tube portions 162a of the heat transfer tube 162 pass. The plurality of fins 161 are arranged, around the straight tube portions 162a of the heat transfer tube 162, to be stacked at a predetermined interval along the direction in which the straight tube portions 162a extend. The heat transfer tube 162 has a first end portion 162c and a second end portion 162d connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. The casing 163 accommodates the plurality of fins 161 and the heat transfer tube 162. The casing 163 has an inflow port 163a and an outflow port 163b that are connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0045] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the inflow port 163a to flow into the casing 163, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tube 162, and then passes through the outflow port 163b to flow out from the casing 163 and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the first end portion 162c to flow into the heat transfer tube 162, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the casing 163, and then passes through the second end portion 162d to flow out from the heat transfer tube 162 and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0046] In the first embodiment, a first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and outside the heat transfer tube 162. A second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and inside the heat transfer tube 162. A first surface 182 includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins 161 and the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is, for example, the surfaces of the plurality of fins 161 and the outer surface of the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with an adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.

[0047] At least part of the first flow path 171 includes only one location where the primary refrigerant flows in and out. In other words, the first flow path 171 includes a flow path through which the primary refrigerant circulates.(2) Operation of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0048] The operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 will be described for a case where the refrigeration apparatus 100 is an air conditioning apparatus. In this case, the third heat exchanger 142 is an indoor heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger 152 is an outdoor heat exchanger.

[0049] The adsorbent 181 in each of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 adsorbs and desorbs the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101. The high-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101 is filled with the primary refrigerant at a first pressure. The low-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101 is filled with the primary refrigerant at a second pressure. The first pressure is higher than the second pressure. The adsorbent 181 adsorbs the primary refrigerant in the high-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101. The adsorbent 181 desorbs the primary refrigerant in the low-pressure region of the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0050] First, a description will be given on a change in the adsorption amount, which is the amount of the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181, when the first refrigerant circuit 101 is under the first mode. In an initial state, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 is assumed to a first adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 is assumed to be a second adsorption amount. The second adsorption amount is larger than the first adsorption amount.

[0051] The low-pressure primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 is compressed by the compressor 131. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant increases from the second pressure to the first pressure. The high-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of the compression by the compressor 131 flows into the first flow path 171 of the first heat exchanger 111. In the first heat exchanger 111, the primary refrigerant at the first pressure is gradually adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 while releasing heat. Thereafter, the primary refrigerant passes through the first heat exchanger 111 and is decompressed by the expansion mechanism 132. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant decreases from the first pressure to the second pressure. The low-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of decompression by the expansion mechanism 132 flows into the first flow path 171 of the second heat exchanger 112. In the second heat exchanger 112, the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is gradually desorbed from the adsorbent 181 while absorbing heat. In this process, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 increases from the first adsorption amount to the second adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 decreases from the second adsorption amount to the first adsorption amount.

[0052] Next, a description will be given on a change in the adsorption amount, which is the amount of the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181, when the first refrigerant circuit 101 is under the second mode. In the initial state, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 is assumed to be the second adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 is assumed to be the first adsorption amount.

[0053] The low-pressure primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 is compressed by the compressor 131. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant increases from the second pressure to the first pressure. The high-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of the compression by the compressor 131 flows into the first flow path 171 of the second heat exchanger 112. In the second heat exchanger 112, the primary refrigerant at the first pressure is gradually adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 while releasing heat. Thereafter, the primary refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 112 and is decompressed by the expansion mechanism 132. As a result, the pressure of the primary refrigerant decreases from the first pressure to the second pressure. The low-pressure primary refrigerant as a result of decompression by the expansion mechanism 132 flows into the first flow path 171 of the first heat exchanger 111. In the first heat exchanger 111, the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is gradually desorbed from the adsorbent 181 while absorbing heat. In this process, the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 decreases from the second adsorption amount to the first adsorption amount, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 increases from the first adsorption amount to the second adsorption amount.

[0054] When the refrigeration apparatus 100 is operated under the first mode and the third mode, in the first heat exchanger 111, heat generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 adsorbs the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. On the other hand, in the second heat exchanger 112, cold, generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 desorbs the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. Thus, under the first mode and the third mode, heat is transferred from the primary refrigerant to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the first circulation circuit in the first heat exchanger 111, and heat is transferred from the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second circulation circuit to the primary refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 112.

[0055] Thereafter, once the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111 reaches the second adsorption amount, the primary refrigerant becomes less prone to be adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 in the first heat exchanger 111. In this state, the refrigeration apparatus 100 is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and from the third mode to the fourth mode.

[0056] When the refrigeration apparatus 100 is operated under the second mode and the fourth mode, in the second heat exchanger 112, heat generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 adsorbs the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. On the other hand, in the first heat exchanger 111, cold, generated in a process in which the adsorbent 181 desorbs the primary refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 is transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172. Therefore, under the second mode and the fourth mode, heat is transferred from the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second circulation circuit to the primary refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 111, and heat is transferred from the primary refrigerant to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the first circulation circuit in the second heat exchanger 112.

[0057] Thereafter, once the adsorption amount of the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112 reaches the second adsorption amount, the primary refrigerant becomes less prone to be adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 in the second heat exchanger 112. In this state, the refrigeration apparatus 100 is switched from the second mode to the first mode, and from the fourth mode to the third mode.

[0058] As described above, by alternately switching between the first mode and the second mode, the primary refrigerant can be continuously adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 in either one of the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112. Further, by alternately switching between the third mode and the fourth mode in accordance with the switching between the first mode and the second mode, the heat generated when the primary refrigerant is adsorbed to the adsorbent 181 can be continuously supplied to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the first circulation circuit.

[0059] Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus 100 can continuously supply the secondary refrigerant heated through heat exchange with the primary refrigerant to the third heat exchanger 142 connected to the first circulation circuit. The air heated through the heat exchange with the secondary refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 142 is sent to a predetermined location by the first fan 143.(3) Effects of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0060] The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 of the refrigeration apparatus 100 have the first surface 182 that is a surface carrying the adsorbent 181 and coming into contact with the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171. With the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182, heat or cold generated from the adsorbent 181 through adsorption and desorption of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 can be efficiently transferred to the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172.

[0061] Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus 100 can improve the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant, whereby the refrigerating capacity can be improved as compared with the case where the adsorbent 181 is not carried on the first surface 182. Further, in the refrigeration apparatus 100, with the improvement in the efficiency of the heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant, the heat exchange members such as the plurality of fins 161, the heat transfer tube 162, and the casing 163 can be made compact, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.-Second Embodiment-

[0062] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a second embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0063] In the second embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are corrugated fin-type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the heat exchange member of the corrugated fin-type heat exchanger includes a plurality of fins 261, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and a casing 263. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 262 are flat tubes arranged at an equal interval along a predetermined direction so as not to be in contact with each other. The plurality of fins 261 are disposed between the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The plurality of fins 261 are formed in a corrugated shape as viewed in the flow direction of the air passing through the plurality of fins 261. The longitudinal direction of the plurality of fins 261 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. Both ends of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262 are connected to a first header 264a and a second header 264b. The first header 264a and the second header 264b are connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. The casing 263 accommodates the plurality of fins 261 and the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The casing 263 includes an inflow port 263a and an outflow port 263b that are connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0064] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the inflow port 263a to flow into the casing 263, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and then passes through the outflow port 263b to flow out from the casing 263 and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows into the first header 264a, is then distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing inside the casing 263, then merges at the second header 264b, and flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0065] In the second embodiment, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins 261 and the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is, for example, the surfaces of the plurality of fins 261 and the outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Third Embodiment-

[0066] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a third embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0067] In the third embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are shell and tube type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the heat exchange member of the shell and tube type heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, a casing 363, and a baffle 364. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 362 are arranged so as not to be in contact with each other. The casing 363 is a tubular member extending along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The casing 363 accommodates the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The internal space of the casing 363 is partitioned into an inlet-side space 363a, an outlet-side space 363b, and a heat-exchange space 363c. The inlet-side space 363a communicates with one end portions of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The outlet-side space 363b communicates with the other end portions of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The heat-exchange space 363c does not communicate with the internal spaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The inlet-side space 363a and the outlet-side space 363b are connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. The casing 363 has an inflow port 363d and an outflow port 363e that connect the heat-exchange space 363c and the first refrigerant circuit 101. A plurality of the baffles 364 are arranged in the heat-exchange space 363c. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the plurality of baffles 364 are arranged at positions such that the fluid flowing from the inflow port 363d toward the outflow port 363e in the heat-exchange space 363c forms a meandering flow path.

[0068] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the inflow port 363d to flow into the heat-exchange space 363c, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, and then passes through the outflow port 363e to flow out from the heat-exchange space 363c and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. After flowing into the inlet-side space 363a, the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the heat-exchange space 363c, then merges in the outlet-side space 363b, and flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0069] In the third embodiment, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is, for example, the outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Fourth Embodiment-

[0070] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a fourth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the fourth embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0071] In the fourth embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are double-tube heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 5, the heat exchange member of the double-tube heat exchanger includes an outer tube 462 and an inner tube 464 provided in the outer tube 462. The inner tube 464 is arranged with a gap formed between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464. The space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464 may be partitioned into a plurality of spaces. The space inside the inner tube 464 is connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102. A space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464 is connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101.

[0072] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows in between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing inside the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows into the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102. In the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112, the flow direction of the primary refrigerant is preferably opposite to the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant.

[0073] In the fourth embodiment, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the outer surface of the inner tube 464 and the inner surface of the outer tube 462. The first surface 182 is, for example, the outer surface of the inner tube 464 and the inner surface of the outer tube 462. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Fifth Embodiment-

[0074] The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a fifth embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the fifth embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0075] In the fifth embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are plate type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 6, the heat exchange member of the plate type heat exchanger includes a plurality of plates 562. The plurality of plates 562 are stacked along a predetermined first direction. The plurality of plates 562 are shaped in such a manner that when the plates 562 are stacked along the first direction, a gap serving as the first flow path 171 and the second flow path 172 is formed between two plates 562. The plurality of plates 562 alternately form the first flow path 171 and the second flow path 172 along the first direction. The main surfaces of the plurality of plates 562 with which the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant come into contact may be partially formed in a corrugated shape.

[0076] The plurality of plates 562 are sandwiched between a pair of frames 564 at both ends in the first direction. The plurality of plates 562 are fastened together with the pair of frames 564 using bolts or the like. One of the pair of frames 564 is provided with a first connecting portion 564a, a second connecting portion 564b, a third connecting portion 564c, and a fourth connecting portion 564d. The first connecting portion 564a and the second connecting portion 564b are tubes serving as both ends of the first flow path 171, and are connected to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The third connecting portion 564c and the fourth connecting portion 564d are tubes serving as both ends of the second flow path 172, and are connected to the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0077] Each of the plurality of plates 562 has a first through hole 562a, a second through hole 562b, a third through hole 562c, and a fourth through hole 562d. The first through hole 562a, the second through hole 562b, the third through hole 562c, and the fourth through hole 562d respectively communicate with the first connecting portion 564a, the second connecting portion 564b, the third connecting portion 564c, and the fourth connecting portion 564d. The first through hole 562a and the second through hole 562b communicate with the first flow path 171 and do not communicate with the second flow path 172. The third through hole 562c and the fourth through hole 562d communicate with the second flow path 172 and do not communicate with the first flow path 171.

[0078] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows into the first flow path 171 from the first connecting portion 564a, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path 172, and then flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101 from the second connecting portion 564b. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows into the second flow path 172 from the third connecting portion 564c, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171, and then flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102 from the fourth connecting portion 564d.

[0079] In the fifth embodiment, the first surface 182 includes at least part of the surfaces of the plurality of plates 562. The first surface 182 is, for example, main surfaces of the pair of plates 562 of the first flow path 171, and is a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.-Modifications-(1) Modification A

[0080] In the first to the fourth embodiments, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 include the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows and the second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows. However, as described below, the positions of the first flow path 171 and the second flow path 172 may be reversed from those in the first to the fourth embodiments.(1-1) Modification A1 (Modification of First Embodiment)

[0081] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 passes through the first end portion 162c to flow into the heat transfer tube 162, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the casing 163, and then passes through the second end portion 162d to flow out from the heat transfer tube 162 and into the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the inflow port 163a to flow into the casing 163, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tube 162, and then passes through the outflow port 163b to flow out from the casing 163 and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0082] As illustrated in Fig. 7, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and inside the heat transfer tube 162. A second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 163 and outside the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 includes at least part of an inner surface of the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is, for example, the inner surface of the heat transfer tube 162. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(1-2) Modification A2 (Modification of Second Embodiment)

[0083] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows into the first header 264a, is then distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing inside the casing 263, then merges at the second header 264b, and flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the inflow port 263a to flow into the casing 263, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and then passes through the outflow port 263b to flow out from the casing 263 and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0084] As illustrated in Fig. 8, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 263 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is, for example, inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(1-3) Modification A3 (Modification of Third Embodiment)

[0085] After flowing into the inlet-side space 363a, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing through the heat-exchange space 363c, then merges in the outlet-side space 363b, and flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 passes through the inflow port 363d to flow into the heat-exchange space 363c, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, and then passes through the outflow port 363e to flow out from the heat-exchange space 363c and into the second refrigerant circuit 102.

[0086] As illustrated in Fig. 9, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space inside the casing 363 and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 includes at least part of the inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is, for example, inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(1-4) Modification A4 (Modification of Fourth Embodiment)

[0087] The primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 flows into the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the secondary refrigerant flowing between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the first refrigerant circuit 101. The secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102 flows in between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464, exchanges heat with the primary refrigerant flowing inside the inner tube 464, and then flows out to the second refrigerant circuit 102. In the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112, the flow direction of the primary refrigerant is preferably opposite to the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant.

[0088] As illustrated in Fig. 10, the first flow path 171 through which the primary refrigerant flows is a space inside the inner tube 464. The second flow path 172 through which the secondary refrigerant flows is a space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 includes at least part of an inner surface of the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 is, for example, the inner surface of the inner tube 464. The first surface 182 is in contact with the first flow path 171. Therefore, the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path 171 comes into contact with the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182.(2) Modification B

[0089] In the first to the fifth embodiments and Modifications A1 to A4, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space through which the primary refrigerant flows.

[0090] In the first embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the plurality of fins 161. In other words, at least part of the space through which the air used for the heat exchanged passes in the plurality of fins 161 may be fill with the adsorbent 181.

[0091] In the second embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262. In other words, at least part of the space through which the air used for the heat exchanged passes in the plurality of fins 261 may be fill with the adsorbent 181.

[0092] In the third embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362.

[0093] In the fourth embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space between the outer tube 462 and the inner tube 464.

[0094] In the fifth embodiment, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of a space between the plurality of plates 562 through which the primary refrigerant flows.

[0095] In Modification A1, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the heat transfer tube 162.

[0096] In Modification A2, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262.

[0097] In Modification A3, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362.

[0098] In Modification A4, the adsorbent 181 may fill at least part of the space inside the inner tube 464.

[0099] The metal-organic framework used as the adsorbent 181 is a porous solid. The gaseous primary refrigerant can be adsorbed to and desorbed from the adsorbent 181 while easily passing through the adsorbent 181. Therefore, the pressure loss of the primary refrigerant passing through the adsorbent 181 is ignorable, meaning that an impact thereof does not need to be taken into consideration. Therefore, in the present modification, the amount of the adsorbent 181 to be used is increased as compared with the case where the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182, meaning that the amount of heat generated from the adsorbent 181 during adsorption of the primary refrigerant can be increased. As a result, the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant can be improved.(3) Modification C

[0100] The adsorbent 181 is preferably carried on the first surface 182 such that an amount of heat generated from the adsorbent 181 when the heat exchange is performed is increased along the second direction in which the secondary refrigerant flows through the second flow path 172.

[0101] Specifically, the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182 such that the amount of the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182 varies along the second direction. For example, the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182 such that the thickness of the adsorbent carried on the first surface 182 varies along the second direction. Furthermore, the adsorbent 181 is carried on the first surface 182 such that the type of the adsorbent 181 carried on the first surface 182 varies along the second direction.

[0102] The metal-organic framework used as the adsorbent 181 generates different amounts of heat when adsorbing the primary refrigerant, depending on the type of the metal ion and the organic ligand in the metal-organic framework, and the amount of the metal-organic framework used. Therefore, the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant can be improved by appropriately selecting the amount and type of the metal-organic framework used.(4) Modification D

[0103] In the first embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 may include the plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, the first header 264a, and the second header 264b of the second embodiment instead of the heat transfer tube 162.

[0104] Further, in the first and second embodiments, a microchannel tube may be used as the heat transfer tubes 162 and 262.(5) Modification E

[0105] In the first to fifth embodiments, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 include the same type of heat exchange member. However, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 may include different types of heat exchange members.(6) Modification F

[0106] The adsorbent used in the refrigeration apparatus 100 is a metal-organic framework. However, a material other than the metal-organic framework may be used as the adsorbent. Examples of the material other than the metal-organic framework include activated carbon, a zeolite-based material, a silica-based material, and an alumina-based material.

[0107] While embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, it should be understood that various changes in mode and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims.Reference Signs List

[0108] 100Refrigeration apparatus 101First refrigerant circuit 102Second refrigerant circuit 111First heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 112Second heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 161Plurality of fins 162Heat transfer tube 163Casing 171First flow path 172Second flow path 181Adsorbent 182First surface 261Plurality of fins 262Plurality of heat transfer tubes 263Casing 362Plurality of heat transfer tubes 363Casing 462Outer tube 464Inner tube 562Plurality of plates Citation ListPatent Literature

[0109] PTL 1: International Publication No. WO 2009 / 145278

Examples

first embodiment -

-First Embodiment-

(1) Overall Configuration of Refrigeration Apparatus 100

[0028]As illustrated in Fig. 1, the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment includes a first refrigerant circuit 101 through which a primary refrigerant flows, a second refrigerant circuit 102 through which a secondary refrigerant flows, a first heat exchanger 111, and a second heat exchanger 112. In Fig. 1, the first refrigerant circuit 101 is drawn by bold lines. The primary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane. The secondary refrigerant is, for example, selected from the group consisting of water, brine (liquid having a freezing temperature of 0 °C or lower), and air. The first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 perform heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit 101 and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit 102. The refri...

second embodiment -

-Second Embodiment-

[0062]The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a second embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0063]In the second embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are corrugated fin-type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the heat exchange member of the corrugated fin-type heat exchanger includes a plurality of fins 261, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 262, and a casing 263. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 262 are flat tubes arranged at an equal interval along a predetermined direction so as not to be in contact with each other. The plurality of fins 261 are disposed between the plur...

third embodiment -

-Third Embodiment-

[0066]The basic configuration and operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to a third embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The main difference between the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment and the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment lies in the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112.

[0067]In the third embodiment, the first heat exchanger 111 and the second heat exchanger 112 are shell and tube type heat exchangers. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the heat exchange member of the shell and tube type heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes 362, a casing 363, and a baffle 364. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 362 are arranged so as not to be in contact with each other. The casing 363 is a tubular member extending along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 362. The casing ...

Claims

1. A heat exchanger (111, 112) for use in a refrigeration apparatus, the heat exchanger comprising: a heat exchange member including a first flow path (171) through which a primary refrigerant flows and a second flow path (172) through which a secondary refrigerant flows, the heat exchange member being configured to perform heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second flow path; and an adsorbent (181) configured to adsorb and desorb the primary refrigerant in accordance with a change in pressure of the primary refrigerant flowing through the first flow path, wherein the adsorbent is carried on a first surface (182) of the heat exchange member coming into contact with the primary refrigerant, the first surface being a surface coming into contact with the primary refrigerant.

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes: a plurality of fins (161) arranged to be stacked at an interval; a heat transfer tube (162) penetrating the plurality of fins in a thickness direction of the fins; and a casing (163) configured to accommodate the plurality of fins, the first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the heat transfer tube, the second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the heat transfer tube, and the first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins and the heat transfer tube.

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of fins.

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes: a plurality of heat transfer tubes (262) arranged at an interval; a plurality of fins (261) that are arranged between the plurality of heat transfer tubes and have a corrugated shape; and a casing (263) configured to accommodate the plurality of fins, the first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and the first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of fins and the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

6. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes: a plurality of heat transfer tubes (362); and a casing (363) configured to accommodate the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the first flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the second flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and the first surface includes at least part of outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

7. The heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of a space between the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

8. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes: a plurality of fins (161) arranged to be stacked at an interval; a heat transfer tube (162) penetrating the plurality of fins in a thickness direction of the fins; and a casing (163) configured to accommodate the plurality of fins, the first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the heat transfer tube, the second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the heat transfer tube, and the first surface includes at least part of an inner surface of the heat transfer tube.

9. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes: a plurality of heat transfer tubes (262) arranged at an interval; a plurality of fins (261) that are arranged between the plurality of heat transfer tubes and have a corrugated shape; and a casing (263) configured to accommodate the plurality of fins, the first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and the first surface includes at least part of inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

10. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes: a plurality of heat transfer tubes (362); and a casing (363) configured to accommodate the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the first flow path is a space inside the casing and inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the second flow path is a space inside the casing and outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and the first surface includes at least part of inner surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.

11. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes an outer tube (462) and an inner tube (464) provided in the outer tube, the first flow path is a space between the inner tube and the outer tube, the second flow path is a space inside the inner tube, and the first surface includes at least part of an outer surface of the inner tube and an inner surface of the outer tube.

12. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes an outer tube (462) and an inner tube (464) provided in the outer tube, the first flow path is a space inside the inner tube, and the second flow path is a space between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the first surface includes at least part of an inner surface of the inner tube.

13. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member includes a plurality of plates (562) arranged to be stacked in a first direction, the plurality of plates alternately form the first flow path and the second flow path in the first direction, and the first surface includes at least part of surfaces of the plates.

14. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the adsorbent fills at least part of the first flow path.

15. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that an amount of heat generated from the adsorbent when the heat exchange is performed is increased along a second direction in which the secondary refrigerant flows through the second flow path.

16. The heat exchanger according to claim 15, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that an amount of the adsorbent carried on the first surface varies along the second direction.

17. The heat exchanger according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the adsorbent is carried on the first surface such that a type of the adsorbent carried on the first surface varies along the second direction.

18. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein at least part of the first flow path includes only one location where the primary refrigerant flows in and out.

19. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the adsorbent includes a metal-organic framework including a metal ion and an organic ligand.

20. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the primary refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane.

21. A refrigeration apparatus (100) comprising: a first refrigerant circuit (101) through which a primary refrigerant flows; a second refrigerant circuit (102) through which a secondary refrigerant flows; and the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 20 configured to perform heat exchange between the primary refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit and the secondary refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit.

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