Pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition for reducing sebum production on the scalp

Abstract

Composition (C) comprising, for 100% by mass: from 20% by mass to 80% by mass of at least one sphingolipid (a1), from 10% by mass to 50% by mass of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and from 1% by mass to 30% by mass of at least one phospholipid (a3), for use in a therapeutic treatment method for preventing or limiting sebum production on the scalp. Pharmaceutical composition (Cp) and food supplement (Ca) comprising said composition (C). Non-therapeutic use of said food supplement (Ca) and non-therapeutic method of implementation.

Description

[0001] Title: Pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition promoting the reduction of sebum production in the scalp The invention falls within the field of cosmetics and pharmacy. It concerns the treatment of the scalp and more particularly the production of sebum in the scalp. The scalp includes all the tissues covering the cranium. It covers an area of ​​approximately 600 cm² with a thickness of 6 millimeters. It is distinguished from the skin of the rest of the human body by the very numerous presence of pilosebaceous follicles, between 100,000 and 200,000 depending on the individual, from which the hair grows. The hair fiber is composed of a visible shaft, a hair bulb, located under the surface of the scalp, and a dermal papilla located at the base of the bulb. The shaft is made up of three concentric layers: the medulla, the cortex and the cuticle.The medulla is the central part, while the cortex is the middle layer and constitutes the body of the hair. The cortex is composed of long chains of keratin that give the hair its elasticity, flexibility and strength. The hair fiber is protected by the cuticle, formed by keratin scales sealed to each other by an intercellular cement rich in lipids and particularly ceramides. These lipid substances ensure the barrier function of the hair by giving it a certain impermeability. At its base, the shaft is surrounded by two sheaths: the outer epithelial sheath, which has a composition similar to the epidermis, and the inner epithelial sheath, rich in glycoproteins, constituting the nourishing base of the developing hair. The hair bulb is composed of keratinocytes whose active division is responsible for the formation of the hair shaft, as well as the inner and outer epithelial sheaths.The dermal papilla is a highly vascularized area and is the site of cellular multiplication necessary for hair growth. It is composed of fibroblasts and provides nutrition, irrigation, oxygenation, and the elimination of cellular waste from the hair. The scalp is richly vascularized due to the high density of hair follicles, and also includes numerous nerve endings. Like the skin, the scalp is composed of three superimposed layers: the epidermis (the upper layer), the dermis, and the hypodermis. The epidermis, which is constantly renewing itself, is made up of several layers of keratinocytes. These cells divide, differentiate, and migrate from the deepest layer (basal layer) to the superficial layer (horny layer or stratum corneum), in a process called "keratinization," then die and are eliminated.The stratum corneum results from the superposition of 15 to 20 layers of fully keratinized dead cells: the corneocytes. These cells are integrated into an intercellular lipid structure called "intercorneocyte cement", composed of ceramides, fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol, ensuring a barrier role maintaining the hydration of the skin. According to the natural desquamation process, the corneocytes detach from one or more layers of the stratum corneum while a layer of cells from the basal layer divides in order to maintain the structure of the stratum corneum. Sebaceous glands are present on almost the entire surface of the human body but in higher concentration on the skin of the face (from 300 to 900 / cm²) and the scalp (approximately 200 / cm²).Under normal conditions, the sebaceous glands produce and secrete sebum (from 0.7 grams to 1 gram per 24 hours), a complex fatty substance composed of fatty acids, triglycerides, wax esters, squalene, and cholesterol. Sebum participates in the formation of a hydrolipidic film covering the scalp, in association with perspiration and cellular debris resulting from keratinization and desquamation. This film spreads at the base of the hair and forms a protective barrier against dehydration and infection by bacteria and fungi. Sebum thus lubricates the skin to protect it from friction and makes it more waterproof. It also promotes the survival of commensal flora. In addition, sebum transports and retains fat-soluble antioxidants on the skin's surface, thus inducing protective activity against natural light.Finally, it has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, and actively participates in the healing process. When sebum is produced in excess, it is called hyperseborrhea. This condition is associated in humans with various factors such as an imbalance of thyroid and pituitary hormones, a metabolic disorder linked to the ingestion of saturated fats, intestinal or liver problems altering the composition of sebum, or poor hygiene of the skin and scalp. In addition, the proliferation of certain microorganisms (bacteria or fungi) can cause inflammation of the skin and scalp which promotes the production of sebum. In particular, the proliferation of the parasite Demodex folliculorum, a worm-like mite living in hair follicles, can also trigger hyperseborrhea.Excessive sebum buildup on the scalp, combined with sweat, dead skin cells, and other debris, can cause flaking, itching, and oily hair. If left untreated, hyperseborrhea of ​​the scalp can lead to dandruff or acne, local skin infections (eczema, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis), and even hair loss. The sebum content of the scalp can be measured using a Sebumeter®. Technically, the sebum is collected using a cassette with a transparent film sensitive to sebaceous secretions. The measuring head of the cassette is inserted into the main unit of the device, where a photocell measures the transparency. The light transmission represents the sebum content on the surface of the measuring area, expressed in µg of sebum / cm² of scalp.The US patent application published under number US 2009 / 286871 A1 discloses the use in cosmetics, pharmacy or dermatology of a product based on vegetable oil, as an agent for increasing the synthesis of lipids in the skin. The US patent published under number US 5,683,684 A discloses the use of a sphingolipid or a sphingolipid analogue, as an active ingredient in the preparation of a cosmetic or dermopharmaceutical composition intended to protect the skin and / or hair against the harmful effects of atmospheric pollution by heavy metals.The international application published under number WO 99 / 65459 A1 discloses cereal extracts comprising sphingolipids, glycoglycerolipids (including digalactosyldiglycerides or DGDG), triglycerides and phospholipids and their use for the manufacture of a dermatological, dermocosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, for the purposes of anti-aging treatment or for skin hydration or as an anti-inflammatory. As part of their research aimed at developing the use of natural compounds in therapy and cosmetics, the inventors have demonstrated that the use of a composition derived from wheat gluten extracts, administered orally, is capable of regulating the production of sebum in the scalp, particularly in people suffering from hyper-seborrhea.According to a first aspect, the invention thus relates to a composition (C) characterized in that it is a wheat gluten extract, comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass of at least one phospholipid (a3), and in that the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, of said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and of said at least one phospholipid (a3), is equal to 100% by mass, for its use by orally, in a method of therapeutic treatment of the scalp to limit the production of sebum at its level. By "sphingolipids" is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, complex lipids, resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine.Sphingosine is an amido-diol with an ethylenic double bond; called 2-amino-octadec-4-ene-1,3-diol and of formula (I):. a monoester group or and phosphoethanolamines, phosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidic acids, phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholines. According to a first particular aspect, the composition (C) as defined above comprises, per 100% by mass, from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1). According to a second particular aspect, the composition (C) as defined above comprises, per 100% by mass, from 19% by mass to 50% by mass, of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2). According to a third particular aspect, the composition (C) as defined above comprises, per 100% by mass, from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3). The invention more particularly relates to a composition (C) comprising for 100% by mass: - From 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine,- From 19% by mass to 50% by mass of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - From 1% by mass to 10% by mass of at least one phospholipid (a3), for use in a therapeutic treatment method intended to prevent or limit the production of sebum in the scalp. According to another particular aspect of the invention, the composition (C) as defined above is in oily form or in powder form. Said composition (C) as defined above is prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art and more particularly that described in the international application published under number WO 99 / 65459, on pages 8 to 11. It is more particularly prepared according to a process comprising the following successive steps: - At least one step a) of providing wheat gluten flour,- At least one step b) of adding the wheat gluten flour to ethanol (97% minimum) with mechanical stirring for a period of at least two hours and at a temperature of 60°C, - At least one step c) of spinning followed by a sub-step of decanting the mixture obtained in step b) so as to recover a homogeneous liquid phase, - At least one step d) of vacuum distillation of the liquid obtained during step c), at a temperature less than or equal to 35°C to remove the ethanol so as to obtain a concentrated composition, - At least one step e) of adding the product obtained at the end of step d) to ethanol, with mechanical stirring and at a temperature of 4°C, so as to precipitate the medium and recover the liquid part, - At least one step f) of distillation of the liquid obtained at the end of step e) to remove the ethanol and obtain an oily composition,- At least one step g) of adding composition (C) to acetone so as to obtain a precipitate, - At least one step h) of filtering the medium obtained at the end of step g) making it possible to recover a powdery solid, - of drying the solid cake obtained at the end of step g) to obtain a composition in powder form. The present invention also relates to an edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) comprising for 100% by mass: - from 10% by mass to 30% by mass of a composition (C) comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass, more particularly from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass, more particularly from 19% by mass to 50% by mass, of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, more particularly from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3),the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and said at least one phospholipid (a3), being equal to 100% by mass, and said composition (C) being a wheat gluten extract, and - from 70% by mass to 90% by mass of at least one pharmaceutically acceptable edible technological additive, for oral use, in a method of therapeutic treatment of the scalp to limit the production of sebum to its level. According to a particular aspect, the therapeutic treatment method defined above is implemented on people suffering from hyperseborrhea. By "technological additive" is meant any chemical substance or any chemical composition whose technical function is to allow and / or facilitate the mixing of the different constituents of said edible composition,to facilitate and / or optimize the physical properties of said edible composition, such as to facilitate and / or optimize its flow, its stability, and its incorporation into a subsequent pharmaceutical and / or nutritional formulation, and which are likely to comply with the conditions required by the regulations in force for the marketing of a pharmaceutical formulation and / or a nutritional formulation. By pharmaceutically acceptable technological additive is meant a technological additive whose use meets the requirements of the pharmaceutical regulations in force in a country concerned. According to a particular aspect of the invention, said pharmaceutically acceptable edible technological additive is chosen from a diluting agent, a flowing agent, a binding agent or a disintegrating agent. As diluting agent, there are for example lactose, sucrose, saccharose, glucose, maltodextrin, mannitol, sorbitol,xylitol, isomalt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, starches such as corn, wheat or potato starch, dicalcium phosphate, sodium, calcium or magnesium carbonates, monoglycerides and / or diglycerides of fatty acids with 8 to 24 carbon atoms. Examples of flow agents include magnesium stearate, talc, sodium stearyl fumarate, hydrogenated vegetable oils, colloidal anhydrous silica, sodium benzoate or silicon dioxide. Examples of binding agents include starches in the form of starches, pregelatinized starches, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose, sucrose syrups or acacia gum. Examples of disintegrating agents include starches, sodium starch glycolate, alginic acid, sodium alginate, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone,or and polyvinylpyrrolidone. According to a particular aspect of the invention, said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, further comprises at least one active ingredient chosen from bioactive lipids, water-soluble or water-dispersible trace element salts, water-soluble or fat-soluble vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics, proteins and / or milk protein concentrates, plant or animal enzymes, amino acids, peptides, sugars, flavor enhancers and flavoring agents. As bioactive lipids possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example phytosterols, such as those extracted from vegetable oils, and more particularly extracts of sea buckthorn oil, corn oil or soybean oil; phytosterol complexes isolated from vegetable oils, such as cholestatin composed of campesterol,stigmasterol and brassicasterol; phytostanols; carotenoids, which belong to the family of terpenoids extracted from algae, green plants, fungi, bacteria; polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 group, such as alpha-linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid; polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-6 group, such as linoleic acid, g-linoleic acid, eicosadienoic acid, dihomo-y-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, docosadienoic acid, docosatetraenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid. As salts of water-soluble or water-dispersible trace elements possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example ferrous carbonate, ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, ferric chloride hexahydrate, ferrous citrate hexahydrate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous lactate tetrahydrate, ferrous sulfate monohydrate,ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous chelate of amino acids hydrates, iron chelate of glycine; calcium iodate hexahydrate, calcium iodate anhydrous; sodium iodide, potassium iodide; cobalt acetate tetrahydrate, basic cobalt carbonate monohydrate, cobalt carbonate hexahydrate, cobalt sulfate heptahydrate, cobalt sulfate monohydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate; cupric acetate monohydrate, basic copper carbonate monohydrate, cupric chloride dihydrate, copper methionate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, cuprous chelate of amino acids hydrates, cuprous chelate of glycine hydrate, copper chelate of hydroxy-analogue of methionine; manganous carbonate, manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganese acid phosphate trihydrate, manganous sulfate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, manganese chelate of amino acids hydrate,manganese chelate of glycine hydrate, manganese chelate of hydroxy analogue of methionine; ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, sodium selenite, sodium selenate; the organic form of selenium produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, selenomethionine (inactivated selenium yeast), and seleno methionine produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (inactivated selenium yeast). As water-soluble or fat-soluble vitamins possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there is for example vitamin A, more particularly in its form of retinol, retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate or β-carotene; vitamin D2, more particularly in its form of ergocalciferol, or 25-hydroxy calciferol; vitamin D3, more particularly in its form of cholecalciferol; vitamin K,more particularly in its form of phylloquinone (phytomenadione) or Menaquinone; vitamin B1, more particularly in its form of thiamine hydrochloride, thiamine mononitrate, thiamine chloride monophosphate, or thiamine chloride pyrophosphate, vitamin B2, more particularly in its form of riboflavin, riboflavin 5'-phosphate sodium, vitamin B6, more particularly in its form of pyridoxine hydrochloride, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate, or pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, vitamin B12, more particularly in its form of cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, or methylcobalamin, vitamin C, more particularly in its form of L-ascorbic acid, sodium L-ascorbate, calcium L-ascorbate, potassium L-ascorbate, calcium salts of palmityl-6-L-ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbyl monophosphate, pantothenic acid,more particularly in its form of calcium D-pantothenate, sodium D-pantothenate, Dexpanthenol, or Pantethine, vitamin PP, more particularly in its form of nicotinic acid, niacin, nicotinamide, or inositol hexanicotinate (inositol hexaniacinate), vitamin B9, more particularly in its form of folic acid, folates, more particularly in their form of pteroylmonoglutamic acid, calcium L-methylfolate, (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in the form of glucosamine salt, vitamin H2, B7 or BW, more particularly in its form of biotin, choline, more particularly in its form of choline chloride, choline dihydrogen citrate, choline bitartrate, inositol, carnitine, more particularly in its form of L-carnitine, L-carnitine-L-tartrate, taurine. As prebiotics possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above,there are for example inulin, trans-galacto-oligosaccharides, fructans and manno-oligosaccharides. As probiotics possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus cereus var. toyoi, Bacillus subtilis alone or in combination with Bacillus licheniformis, or strains of Enterococcus faecium. These strains of microorganisms are generally associated with a solid support, for example calcium carbonate, dextrose or sorbitol. As proteins and / or protein concentrates possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example milk proteins derived from milk, such as colostrum in the form of lyophilized or atomized powder or whey in the form of powder, purified fractions or enriched with IgG, lactoferrin,in lactoperoxidase. As plant or animal enzymes possibly present in the edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example promutase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), 3-phytase, 6-phytase, endo-1,4-betaglucanases, endo-1,4-betaxylanases, or other enzymes improving or promoting digestion. As peptides possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example avocado peptides, lupin peptides, quinoa peptides, maca peptides, fermented or unfermented soybean peptides, rice peptides, peptides present in Acacia macrostachya seed extract, peptides present in passionflower seed extracts. As amino acids possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example alanine, arginine, asparagine,aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, hydroxyproline, pyrrolysine, selenocysteine, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, sarcosine, ornithine. As sugars possibly present in said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example water-soluble polysaccharides, sugars of lower molecular weight, such as oligosaccharides, mono- or disaccharides, such as for example glucose, lactose, dextrose. As flavor enhancers possibly present in the edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above, there are for example glutamates, such as glutamic acid, monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, calcium diglutamate, ammonium glutamate, magnesium diglutamate; guanylates,such as for example guanylic acid (guanosine monophosphate), disodium guanylate, dipotassium guanylate, calcium guanylate, inosinates, such as for example inosinic acid, disodium inosinate, dipotassium inosinate, calcium inosinate, or intense sweeteners such as Stevia extracts, Rebiaudosides. Said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) may be in solid or liquid form. According to a particular aspect of the invention, said edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) is in the form of a solid, and more particularly the form of a tablet, a capsule, a soft capsule, a powder, a dragee, a confectionery gum or a granule. When the edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) as defined above is in the form of a tablet, it preferably comprises from 50 mg to 150 mg of said composition (C) as defined above,for a 500 mg tablet; when it is in the form of a soft capsule, it preferably comprises from 120 mg to 360 mg of said composition (C) for a 1200 mg soft capsule; when it is in the form of a capsule, it preferably comprises from 10 mg to 30 mg of composition (C) for a 100 mg capsule; when it is in the form of a powder, it preferably comprises from 200 mg to 600 mg of composition (C) for a 2000 mg powder. When the edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) is in the form of a powder, it is obtained by introducing its various constituents into a mixer equipped with at least one mechanical stirring system, such as for example flat or propeller-type stirring blades, and the mixer is optionally an inversion mixer, and the mixer is optionally equipped with a lump-forming system. This mixing operation is generally carried out at room temperature,in particular between 15°C and 30°C. When the edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) is in the form of a confectionery gum, it preferably comprises from 150 mg to 450 mg of composition (C) for a 1.5 g confectionery gum. When the edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) is in the form of a liquid, it preferably comprises from 100 mg to 300 mg of composition (C) for a 1 cm ampoule, 3. The invention also relates to the non-therapeutic use in oral administration of an effective amount of a composition (C) comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass, more particularly from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass, more particularly from 19% by mass to 50% by mass, of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, more particularly from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3), the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on the sphingosine, said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and said at least one phospholipid (a3), being equal to 100% by mass and said composition (C) being a wheat gluten extract,to prevent or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp, The invention also relates to a cosmetic treatment method intended to prevent or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp of the scalp, characterized in that an effective amount of a composition (C) comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass, more particularly from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass, more particularly from 19% by mass to 50% by mass, of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, more particularly from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3),the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and said at least one phospholipid (a3), being equal to 100% by mass and said composition (C) being a wheat gluten extract. For the purposes of the present invention, by "unsightly signs linked to the presence of sebum on the scalp", we mean any changes in the external appearance of the scalp due to an excess quantity of sebum on said scalp, such as for example a shiny appearance, a greasy appearance, a sticky sensation of the scalp, the presence of dandruff. Furthermore, the sebum present in excess on the scalp can spread to the hair roots and cause a greasy appearance of said hair. For the purposes of the present invention, by "effective quantity", we mean a sufficient quantity which allows the consumer of average attention,to visually observe the reality of the aesthetic aspect invoked, namely the absence or reduction of a shiny appearance, and / or a greasy appearance, and / or a sticky sensation and / or the presence of dandruff on the scalp. The experimental study set out in the remainder of this description shows that an amount of between 1 mg and 250 mg, more particularly between 10 mg and 150 mg, even more particularly between 15 mg and 100 mg, and even more particularly between 30 mg and 70 mg of said composition, ingested per day, can be considered as an effective amount. The present invention also relates to a food supplement (Ca) comprising for 100% by mass: - More than 0% by mass to 30% by mass of said composition (C) as defined above and - from 70% by mass to less than 100% by mass of at least one nutritionally acceptable technological additive. Preferably,said food supplement (Ca) comprises for 100% by mass: - More than 0% by mass and less than 10% by mass of said composition (C) as defined above and - More than 90% by mass and less than 100% by mass of at least one nutritionally acceptable technological additive. By food supplement is meant an edible composition the purpose of which is to supplement the normal diet and which constitutes a concentrated source of nutrients or other substances having a nutritional or physiological effect alone or in combination. The food supplement makes it possible to avoid certain deficiencies or to meet specific needs in an individual's diet,particularly during physical exertion. This definition of "food supplement" is given in Article 2 of Decree No. 2006-352 of March 26, 2006 of the French Republic relating to food supplements and in Directive 2002 / 46 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of June 10, 2002. By "nutritionally acceptable technological additive" is meant a technological additive as defined above, the use of which meets the requirements of the regulations relating to food supplements in force in a country in question. According to a particular aspect of the invention, said nutritionally acceptable technological additive is chosen from a diluting agent, a flow agent, a binding agent or a disintegrating agent. Examples of diluting agents include lactose, sucrose, saccharose, glucose, maltodextrin, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, isomalt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose,starches such as corn, wheat, or potato starches, dicalcium phosphate, sodium, calcium, or magnesium carbonates, monoglycerides and / or diglycerides of fatty acids with 8 to 24 carbon atoms. Examples of flow agents include magnesium stearate, talc, sodium stearyl fumarate, hydrogenated vegetable oils, colloidal anhydrous silica, sodium benzoate, or silicon dioxide. Examples of binding agents include starches in the form of starches, pregelatinized starches, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose, sucrose syrups, or acacia gum. As disintegrating agent, there are for example starches, sodium starch glycolate, alginic acid, sodium alginate, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, or polyvinylpyrrolidone. According to a particular aspect of the invention, said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, further comprises,at least one active ingredient selected from bioactive lipids, water-soluble or water-dispersible trace element salts, water-soluble or fat-soluble vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics, proteins and / or milk protein concentrates, plant or animal enzymes, amino acids, peptides, sugars, flavor enhancers and flavoring agents. As bioactive lipids possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example phytosterols, such as those extracted from vegetable oils, and more particularly extracts of sea buckthorn oil, corn oil, or soybean oil; phytosterol complexes isolated from vegetable oils, such as cholestatin composed of campesterol, stigmasterol and brassicasterol; phytostanols; carotenoids, which belong to the family of terpenoids extracted from algae, green plants, mushrooms,bacteria; polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 group, such as alpha-linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid; polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-6 group, such as linoleic acid, g-linoleic acid, eicosadienoic acid, dihomo-y-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, docosadienoic acid, docosatetraenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid. As salts of water-soluble or water-dispersible trace elements possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example ferrous carbonate, ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, ferric chloride hexahydrate, ferrous citrate hexahydrate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous lactate tetrahydrate, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous chelate of amino acids hydrates, iron chelate of glycine; calcium iodate hexahydrate, anhydrous calcium iodate; sodium iodide,potassium iodide; cobalt acetate tetrahydrate, basic cobalt carbonate monohydrate, cobalt carbonate hexahydrate, cobalt sulfate heptahydrate, cobalt sulfate monohydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate; cupric acetate monohydrate, basic copper carbonate monohydrate, cupric chloride dihydrate, copper methionate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, cuprous chelate of amino acids hydrates, cuprous chelate of glycine hydrate, copper chelate of hydroxy-analogue of methionine; manganous carbonate, manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganese acid phosphate trihydrate, manganous sulfate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, manganese chelate of amino acids hydrate, manganese chelate of glycine hydrate, manganese chelate of hydroxy analogue of methionine; ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, sodium selenite,sodium selenate; the organic form of selenium produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, selenomethionine (inactivated selenium yeast), and seleno methionine produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (inactivated selenium yeast). As water-soluble or fat-soluble vitamins possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there is for example vitamin A, more particularly in its form of retinol, retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate or beta-carotene; vitamin D2, more particularly in its form of ergocalciferol, or 25-hydroxy calciferol; vitamin D3, more particularly in its form of cholecalciferol; vitamin K, more particularly in its form of phylloquinone (phytomenadione) or Menaquinone; vitamin B1, more particularly in its form of thiamine hydrochloride, thiamine mononitrate, thiamine chloride monophosphate, or thiamine chloride pyrophosphate,vitamin B2, more particularly in its form of riboflavin, riboflavin 5'-sodium phosphate, vitamin B6, more particularly in its form of pyridoxine hydrochloride, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate, or pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, vitamin B12, more particularly in its form of cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, or methylcobalamin, vitamin C, more particularly in its form of L-ascorbic acid, sodium L-ascorbate, calcium L-ascorbate, potassium L-ascorbate, calcium salts of palmityl-6-L-ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbyl monophosphate, pantothenic acid, more particularly in its form of calcium D-pantothenate, sodium D-pantothenate, Dexpanthenol, or Pantethine, vitamin PP, more particularly in its form of nicotinic acid, niacin, nicotinamide, or inositol hexanicotinate (inositol hexaniacinate), vitamin B9,more particularly in its folic acid form, folates, more particularly in their pteroylmonoglutamic acid form, calcium L-methylfolate, (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in the form of glucosamine salt, vitamin H2, B7 or BW, more particularly in its biotin form, choline, more particularly in its choline chloride form, choline dihydrogen citrate form, choline bitartrate form, inositol, carnitine, more particularly in its L-carnitine form, L-carnitine-L-tartrate form, taurine. As prebiotics possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example inulin, trans-galacto-oligosaccharides, fructans and manno-oligosaccharides. As probiotics possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus cereus var toyoi,of Bacillus subtilis alone or in combination with Bacillus licheniformis, or strains of Enterococcus faecium. These strains of microorganisms are generally associated with a solid support, for example calcium carbonate, dextrose or sorbitol. As proteins and / or protein concentrates possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example milk proteins derived from milk, such as colostrum in the form of freeze-dried or atomized powder or whey in the form of powder, purified fractions or enriched with IgG, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase. As plant or animal enzymes possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example promutase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), 3-phytase, 6-phytase, endo-1,4-betaglucanases, endo-1,4-betaxylanases,or other enzymes improving or promoting digestion. As peptides possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example avocado peptides, lupin peptides, quinoa peptides, maca peptides, fermented or non-fermented soy peptides, rice peptides, peptides present in Acacia macrostachya seed extract, peptides present in passionflower seed extracts. As amino acids possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, hydroxyproline, pyrrolysine, selenocysteine, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, sarcosine,ornithine. As sugars possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example water-soluble polysaccharides, sugars of lower molecular weight, such as oligosaccharides, mono- or disaccharides, such as for example glucose, lactose, dextrose. As flavor enhancers possibly present in said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, there are for example glutamates, such as glutamic acid, monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, calcium diglutamate, ammonium glutamate, magnesium diglutamate; guanylates, such as guanylic acid (guanosine monophosphate), disodium guanylate, dipotassium guanylate, calcium guanylate, inosinates, such as inosinic acid, disodium inosinate, dipotassium inosinate, calcium inosinate, or intense sweeteners such as Stevia extracts,Rebiaudosides. Said food supplement (Ca) may be in solid or liquid form. Said food supplement (Ca) may be in any form of food product known to those skilled in the art, such as a drink, and more particularly an aqueous drink, a solution, a fruit juice, a flavored drink, an energy drink, an alcoholic drink, a coffee-based drink, a chocolate-based drink, a tea-based drink, a dairy product, and more particularly milk, yogurt, a dairy dessert, drinking yogurt, cheese, ice cream, a chocolate bar, a cereal product, and more particularly a cereal bar, a biscuit, breakfast cereals, flours, bakery products, a specialized nutrition product, more particularly an infant nutrition product, a nutrition product to prepare for physical exertion, a clinical nutrition product, a meal replacement,confectionery, more particularly chewing gum, sweets, caramels, sugared almonds, berlingots, marshmallows, lokoums, nougats, fruit pastes, liquorice. The food supplement (Ca) according to the invention may also be in any galenic form known to those skilled in the art, such as for example in the form of a tablet, a capsule, a soft capsule, a syrup, a powder, such as for example an immediate-release powder, a delayed-release powder or a powder for reconstituted drinks, a liquid, a stick, a gel. According to a particular aspect of the invention, said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, is in the form of a solid, and more particularly the form of a tablet, a capsule, a soft capsule, a powder, a dragee, a confectionery gum or a granule. When said food supplement (Ca) as defined above,is in the form of a tablet, it preferably comprises less than 50 mg of said composition (C) as defined above, for a 500 mg tablet; when it is in the form of a soft capsule, it preferably comprises less than 120 mg of said composition (C) for a 1200 mg soft capsule; when it is in the form of a capsule, it preferably comprises less than 10 mg of said composition (C) as defined above for a 100 mg capsule; when it is in the form of a powder, it preferably comprises less than 200 mg of said composition (C) as defined above for a 2000 mg powder. When said food supplement (Ca) is in the form of a powder, it is obtained by introducing its various constituents into a mixer equipped with at least one mechanical stirring system, such as for example flat or propeller-type stirring blades,and the mixer is optionally a inversion mixer, and the mixer is optionally equipped with a lump-forming system. This mixing operation is generally carried out at room temperature, in particular between 15°C and 30°C. When said food supplement (Ca) is in the form of a confectionery gum, it preferably comprises less than 150 mg of said composition (C) as defined above for a 1.5 g confectionery gum. When the food supplement (Ca) is in the form of a liquid, it preferably comprises less than 100 mg of said composition (C) as defined above for a 1 cm ampoule, 3. The present invention also relates to the use in oral administration of said food supplement (Ca) as defined above, to prevent and / or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp. The present invention also relates to a cosmetic treatment method intended to prevent or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp, characterized in that an effective amount of a food supplement (Ca) as defined above is administered orally. According to a particular aspect of the invention, said food supplement (Ca) as defined above is administered orally at a rate of at least 15 mg, in particular at least 30 mg, of said composition (C) per day for at least 4 weeks, in particular for at least 8 weeks, even more particularly for 12 weeks.The following examples illustrate the invention, without however limiting it. Comparative formulations A commercial wheat gluten extract is used in the form of a powdery composition (C) which comprises for 100% of its mass: 52.5% by mass of sphingolipids, 41.5% by mass of digalactosyldiacylglycerol and 6% by mass of phospholipids.Two formulations were prepared, respectively a food supplement (Ca) (comprising composition (C)) and a food supplement (C'a) (not including composition (C)), which comprise the ingredients as shown in Table 1: [Table 1] Quantity per capsule Components Food supplement (Ca) Food supplement (C'a) Composition (C) 15 mg - Maltodextrin 230 mg 245 mg Dicalcium phosphate 100 mg 100 mg Magnesium carbonate 50 mg 50 mg Silica 30 mg 30 mg Magnesium stearate 10 mg 10 mg Total net weight 435 mg 435 mg Total weight (with capsule weight of 549 mg 549 mg) Principle of the evaluation method The dermo-purifying activity was evaluated by measuring the sebum content on the scalp of volunteers with an initial level above 140 µg / cm², by sebumetry®, as well as through a self-assessment form completed by the study subjects. The sebum content of the scalp is measured using a Sebumeter®.Technically, sebum is collected using a cassette fitted with a transparent film sensitive to sebaceous secretions. The measuring head of the cassette is inserted into the main unit of the device, where a photoelectric cell measures the transparency. The light transmission represents the sebum content on the surface of the measuring area, expressed in µg of sebum / cm² of the scalp. Procedure The technical effect of composition (C) was demonstrated in a pilot, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group clinical study. It tested the effect of daily consumption of 30 mg of (C) versus Placebo over a period of 84 days (12 weeks). Caucasian women aged between 18 and 65 years, with telogen effluvium (proportion of hair in the telogen phase > 15%) and complaining of thin and brittle hair, as well as a sebum level greater than or equal to 140 µg / cm², were included in the study.They consumed for 84 days (from D0 to D84) either 2 capsules per day of the food supplement (Ca) or 2 capsules per day of the food supplement (C'a). The measurements were carried out on day 0 (D0) and 56 (D56) and 84 days (D84). Results The results obtained are recorded in the following table.[Table 2] Dietary supplement (C'a) Dietary supplement (Ca) (number of subjects = 11) (number of subjects = 14) Mean ± SEM Mean ± SEM % vs D0 % vs D0 (p vs D0) (p vs D0) (p vs placebo) D0 166.4 ± 7.5 - 196.0 ± 12.1 - D56 168.0 ± 7.0 +2.3% 185.1 ± 9.9 -4.2% 171.7 ± 11.4 -11.9% D84 168.5 ± 7.4 +2.8% (p=0.013) (p=0.044) SEM: standard error of the mean Observations-comments A significant decrease in the quantity of sebum was observed in the dietary supplement group (Ca) after 84 days of consumption from 196.0 ± 12.1 µg / cm² on D0 to 185.1 ± 9.9 µg / cm² on D56 and 171.7 ± 11.4 µg / cm² on D84 (p=0.013), while there was no significant change in the food supplement group (C'a) with 166.4 ± 7.5 µg / cm² on D0 to 168.0 ± 7.0 µg / cm² on D56 and 168.5 ± 7.4 µg / cm² on D84. In addition, there was a significant difference between the food supplement group (Ca) and the food supplement group (C'a) at D84 (-11.9% vs +2.8%; p=0.044).In addition, the analysis of the responses to the self-assessment form completed by the study subjects showed that 88% of the subjects in the dietary supplement group (Ca) reported that their “hair was less oily”, compared to 63% of the subjects in the dietary supplement group (C'a). Through the clinical study, composition (C) demonstrated its activity in limiting sebum production on the scalp.

[0002] Examples of Illustrative Formulations [Table 3] Clinical Study Capsule Formula Component Quantity per Capsule Composition (C) 15 mg Maltodextrin 230 mg Dicalcium Phosphate 100 mg Magnesium Carbonate 50 mg Silica 30 mg Magnesium Stearate 10 mg [Table 4] Capsule Formula Component Quantity per Capsule Composition (C) 30 mg Maltodextrin 220 mg Beetroot Juice 70 mg Magnesium Stearate 15 mg 5 [Table 5] Softgel Capsule Formula Component Quantity per Capsule Composition (C) 70 mg Borage Oil 400 mg Glyceryl Monostearate 24.1 mg Vitamin C 14.6 mg Lecithin 14 mg Vitamin B3 2.9 mg Vitamin E 2.7 mg Selenium 2 mg Copper 0.4 mg Vitamin B2 0.2 mg Biotin 0.007 mg Bibliography (1) Lin et al. Morphogenesis, Growth Cycle and Molecular Regulation. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 2022, 10:899095. doi: 10.3389 / fcell.2022.899095.(2) Patent application FR3069160A1: Cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition promoting hair growth comprising a lyophilisate of dedifferentiated sea fennel cells. (3) Nikfar & Jaberidoost. Hair In Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), Academic Press, 2014, 813-815. https: / / doi.org / 10.1016 / B978-0-12-386454-3.00610-2. (4) Patent application EP2821052A1: Association of miliacin and polar lipids, in particular sphingolipids and / or phospholipids, for hair and scalp care. (5) https: / / www.liperol.fr / le-cuir-chevelu / (6) Makrantonaki et al. An update on the role of the sebaceous gland in the pathogenesis of acne. Dermato-Endocrinology 2011, 3:1, 41-49, doi: 10.4161 / derm.3.1.13900.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Composition (C) characterized in that it is a wheat gluten extract, comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass of at least one phospholipid (a3), and in that the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, of said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and of said at least one phospholipid (a3), is equal to 100% by mass, for its use by oral route, in a method of therapeutic treatment of the scalp to limit sebum production at its level. 2.Composition (C) according to claim 1, comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 60% by mass of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 19% by mass to 50% by mass of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 10% by mass of at least one phospholipid (a3). 3.Edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) comprising for 100% by mass: - from 10% by mass to 30% by mass of a composition (C) comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass, more particularly from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass, more particularly from 19% by mass to 50% by mass, of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, more particularly from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3), the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and said at least one phospholipid (a3), being equal to 100% by mass, and said composition (C) being a wheat gluten extract, and. - from 70% by mass to 90% by mass of at least one pharmaceutically acceptable edible technological additive, for its oral use, in a method of therapeutic treatment of the scalp to limit the production of sebum to its level.

4. Edible pharmaceutical composition (Cp) according to claim 3, further comprising at least one active ingredient chosen from bioactive lipids, salts of water-soluble or water-dispersible trace elements, water-soluble or fat-soluble vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics, proteins and / or milk protein concentrates, plant or animal enzymes, amino acids, peptides, sugars, flavor enhancers and flavoring agents. 5.Non-therapeutic use in oral administration of an effective amount of a composition (C) comprising for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass, more particularly from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass, more particularly from 19% by mass to 50% by mass, of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, more particularly from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3), the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, of said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and said at least one phospholipid (a3), being equal to 100% by mass and said composition (C) being a wheat gluten extract, to prevent or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp. 6.Cosmetic treatment method intended to prevent or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp, characterized in that an effective amount of a composition (C) comprising, for 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass, more particularly from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, is administered orally. - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass, more particularly from 19% by mass to 50% by mass, of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, more particularly from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3), the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, of said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and of said at least one phospholipid (a3), being equal to 100% by mass and said composition (C) being a wheat gluten extract.

7. Food supplement (Ca) comprising per 100% by mass: - more than 0% by mass and less than 10% by mass of a composition (C) comprising per 100% by mass: - from 20% by mass to 80% by mass, more particularly from 20% by mass to 60% by mass, of at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, - from 10% by mass to 50% by mass, more particularly from 19% by mass to 50% by mass,of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2), and - from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, more particularly from 1% by mass to 10% by mass, of at least one phospholipid (a3), the sum of the mass contents of said at least one sphingolipid (a1) resulting from the amidation of a fatty acid on sphingosine, of said digalactosyldiacylglycerol (a2) and of said at least one phospholipid (a3), being equal to 100% by mass and said composition (C) being a wheat gluten extract, and - more than 90% by mass and less than 100% by mass of at least one nutritionally acceptable technological additive.

8. Food supplement (Ca) according to claim 7, further comprising at least one active ingredient chosen from bioactive lipids, water-soluble or water-dispersible trace element salts, water-soluble or fat-soluble vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics, proteins and / or milk protein concentrates, plant or animal enzymes, amino acids, peptides,sugars, flavor enhancers and flavoring agents.

9. Food supplement (Ca) according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized, in that it is in the form of a tablet, a capsule, a soft capsule, a powder, a dragee, a confectionery gum or a granule.

10. Use in oral administration of the food supplement (Ca) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, to prevent and / or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp.

11. Cosmetic treatment method intended to prevent or slow down the appearance of unsightly signs linked to the presence of excess sebum on the scalp, characterized in that an effective amount of a food supplement (Ca) according to any one of claims 7 to 9 is administered orally. 10

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