Coding securing system for firearms

Abstract

The invention relates to a coding security system for firearms (1, 1a) of the same type but different calibers to prevent the exchange of at least one firearm component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a), comprising: - at least one first firearm (1) with a first caliber or at least one firearm component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) thereof, - at least one second firearm (1a) with a second, different caliber or at least one firearm component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) thereof, - at least one first safety device on the first and / or second firearm (1, 1a) or the at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a) thereof, which is designed to prevent the attachment of at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37,37a) to prevent the attachment of at least one first firearm (1) to at least one second firearm (1a), and at least one second safety device on the first and / or second firearm or at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) thereof, which is designed to prevent the attachment of at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the at least one second firearm (1a) to the at least one first firearm (1). The invention further relates to weapon components (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) and firearms (1, 1a) for use in the coding security system.

Description

Gebiet der Erfindung

[0001] The present invention relates to a coding and security system for firearms, in particular self-loading firearms, of the same type but different calibers, to prevent the exchange of at least one firearm component. The invention further relates to a firearm component with at least one security device of such a coding and security system, and to a self-loading firearm with at least one security device for use in a security and identification system.

[0002] In these documents, positional terms such as "top", "bottom", "front", "back", etc. refer to a handgun in which the bore axis runs horizontally and the shot is fired forward away from the shooter. Hintergrund der Erfindung

[0003] With firearms, especially self-loading weapons of the same type but different calibers, it is possible that, due to identical external geometries, one or more weapon components from self-loading weapons of different calibers could be unintentionally swapped during disassembly, for example during cleaning, and subsequent reassembly. These different calibers for nearly identical weapon platforms can have fatal consequences, such as receiver explosions, and thus pose a risk to the health and lives of the shooter and bystanders.

[0004] In Europe, assault rifles are often chambered for the NATO 5.56 mm x 45 cartridge. However, in the USA, among other places, the .300 Blackout caliber (7.62 mm x 35) has become increasingly popular in recent years. These .300 Blackout cartridges are designed with a case that matches the rear section of the NATO standard 5.56 mm x 45 cartridge. The .300 Blackout cartridge offers higher muzzle energy compared to the NATO cartridge while maintaining acceptable internal ballistics and was developed based on the 5.56 mm NATO cartridge.

[0005] The .300 Blackout and .300 Whisper cartridges are special calibers for niche ballistic applications, particularly for special forces operations by police and military in conjunction with signature suppressors. Tactically, these special calibers are used for low-noise, close-range engagement of protected and unprotected primary targets, especially in confined urban areas, as well as for eliminating mission-relevant secondary targets.

[0006] Fundamentally, the 5.56 mm and .300 Blackout / Whisper cartridges are based on the same case (5.56 mm NATO), but they differ significantly in the shoulder and neck of the cartridge case due to the projectile diameters. Their external dimensions, however, are nearly identical. This is problematic, as explained below.

[0007] Since the platform of these self-loading weapons is identical and they differ only in the barrel and chamber, meaning they can use the same magazine, self-loading weapons of these different calibers are difficult to distinguish externally. Due to the similar system-relevant external geometries of the 5.56 mm NATO and .300 Blackout / Whisper calibers, it is possible to interchange the 5.56 mm NATO and .300 Blackout weapon components, for example, in the HK433 and HK437 assault rifles.

[0008] Feeding a smaller 5.56 mm NATO cartridge into a larger .300 Blackout chamber should be less critical, as the small-caliber 5.56 mm bullet in a tube with a 7.62 mm inner diameter would probably only cause a malfunction due to insufficient propulsion during passage through the tube.

[0009] The potential danger posed by the 5.56 NATO cartridge case, which is not seated or supported in the front section of the .300 Blackout chamber, is unclear. While the rear of the cartridge case remains supported and can vent, allowing propellant gas pressure to escape through the bore, dangerous chamber gas pressures could still occur.

[0010] In the event of excessive chamber gas pressure, the case material deforms at the base and tends to leak into all areas of the bolt face that are not positively supported, such as the spring-loaded ejector or, most importantly, the extractor, thus creating a leak in the cartridge case. Through such leaks, the enormous chamber gas pressure, often exceeding 6,000 bar, can escape to the rear. This poses a risk of the receiver bursting or of the escaping gases injuring the shooter.

[0011] In the case of the .300 Blackout cartridge, the safety concerns are even more critical. When a .300 Blackout cartridge is fed into a small-caliber chamber, in the worst-case scenario the large-caliber bullet can obstruct the bore entrance. The closing bolt can then force the cartridge case, including its neck and mouth, over the stationary bullet. This results in the bullet's tail compressing the loose propellant charge inside the case, creating a compressed charge that generates exorbitant gas pressures and thus poses a significant risk to the shooter, including the risk of receiver rupture. Stand der Technik

[0012] German patent DE 10 2009 057 864 A1 discloses an interchangeable system for pistols. This system comprises two different grips for different calibers, two different barrels for projectiles of a larger and a smaller caliber, and / or two different magazines for cartridges of a larger and a smaller caliber. The grip for the smaller caliber includes a safety device that prevents the attachment of a barrel and / or a magazine of the larger caliber.

[0013] The conversion system allows a large-caliber weapon to be converted to the smaller caliber by replacing the grip, but prevents the small-caliber weapon from being upgraded to the larger caliber.

[0014] Furthermore, various solutions are known for converting military weapons to their civilian versions. It is well known that the fully automatic fire function is disabled in civilian versions of military weapons, but there is no change in caliber. Therefore, the problems described above do not occur in this case. Often, modifications such as rails, specific geometries, or similar features in or on the grip of such a civilian version prevent the installation of fully automatic fire levers. Examples of civilian versions include the SP5 to the MP5, the MR95 to the G95, and the HK393 / C36 to the applicant's G36. Aufgabe und Lösung der Erfindung

[0015] Starting from the prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a different, in particular improved, coding security system for firearms, especially self-loading firearms, of the type mentioned above, which increases security.

[0016] This problem is solved by a coding security system with the features of claim 1.

[0017] The problem is further solved by a weapon component with at least one safety device for use in a coding safety system according to one of claims 1 to 7.

[0018] In addition, the invention provides a firearm, in particular a self-loading firearm, of a first or a second caliber with at least one safety device for use in a coding security system according to one of claims 1 to 7.

[0019] The coding and security system according to the invention for firearms, in particular self-loading firearms, comprises: at least one first self-loading firearm with a first caliber or at least one component thereof, at least one second firearm with a second different caliber or at least one component thereof (where the first caliber differs from the second caliber in size), at least one first safety device on the first and / or second firearm or the at least one component thereof, designed to prevent the attachment of at least one component of the at least one first firearm to the at least one second firearm, and at least a second safety device on the first and / or second firearm or at least one component thereof, designed to prevent the attachment of at least one component of the at least one second firearm to the at least one first firearm.

[0020] Firearm within the meaning of the invention includes, among other things, any firearm such as repeating rifles, hunting weapons, but also self-loading firearms such as pistols, submachine guns, rifles, in particular assault rifles and machine guns, but also all other self-loading firearms where a coding security system can increase safety.

[0021] The invention provides a coding and security system that prevents the accidental assembly of a firearm component, particularly of a self-loading firearm, of the first caliber onto a firearm, particularly of a self-loading firearm, of a second, different caliber – regardless of whether the caliber is larger or smaller. The invention thus ensures security against the interchangeability of firearm components between firearms of different calibers. It also ensures the identification of firearm components not intended for a specific caliber. This security system can be implemented on one or more firearm components, for example, two, three, four, or even all components. The firearm components can belong to both the first and the second self-loading firearm. A single firearm component can also include more than one security device, e.g.,at one coupling interface or can also have one or more safety devices at two or more different coupling interfaces.

[0022] If several weapon components, in particular a large proportion or all weapon components, are coded, i.e. have a security device according to the invention, security can be optimally increased.

[0023] The at least one first and second safety device can be designed, in particular, for a mechanical interrogation between at least two weapon components. The invention thus eliminates the risk of confusion between weapon components or weapon assemblies of the same design but different calibers.

[0024] This invention prevents, for example, the unintentional mounting of a firearm component from one caliber to a firearm of a different caliber, which could occur due to stress. This applies both to a component from the first caliber firearm and vice versa. The coding and security system can be used, for example, with the HK433 assault rifle in 5.56x45mm NATO caliber and the HK437 assault rifle in .300 AAC Blackout caliber.

[0025] In the coding security system, at least one weapon component of the first and / or the second firearm can comprise at least one of the following weapon components: a magazine, and / or a follower, and / or a grip / lower receiver, and / or an upper receiver, and / or a barrel, and / or a barrel, and / or a locking piece, and / or a breech, and / or a breech head.

[0026] The invention provides, via the first and second safety devices, in particular a mechanical interrogation between the aforementioned weapon components, especially between the tube assembly and tube nut, tube nut and grip, grip and upper housing part, and grip and magazine.

[0027] The safety interrogation concept according to the invention thus eliminates the possibility of confusing weapon components of firearms of different calibers but the same design, thereby increasing safety. In other words, the safety device provided according to the invention prevents at least one weapon component of a firearm of the first caliber from being replaced in the first firearm by the functionally corresponding weapon component of a second firearm of the second caliber but the same design – and conversely, prevents said at least one weapon component of the first firearm from being installed in the second firearm.

[0028] In the coding security system, at least one first and / or second security device can be provided as at least one mechanical design or as at least one recess on at least one weapon component, which either allows the assembly of weapon components of the same caliber and prevents the assembly of components of different calibers.

[0029] The at least one embodiment within the meaning of the invention includes any suitable mechanical design, e.g. changes to the external geometry, diameter, size, dimensioning of entire areas or sub-areas and / or sections of the respective weapon component.

[0030] The at least one recess or counter-formation within the meaning of the invention comprises any suitable corresponding counter-formation or counter-design, e.g. changes to the external geometry, diameter, size, dimensioning of entire areas or sub-areas and / or sections of the respective corresponding weapon component, e.g. recesses, indentations, cutouts and the like.

[0031] In the coding security system, the at least one first and / or second security device or design can be provided as an engagement element on the at least one weapon component, which, together with a corresponding second engagement element, in particular the recess or counter-design, on at least a second weapon component of the firearm of the same caliber, enables an engagement and / or positive locking between the at least two weapon components of the first or the second firearm for assembly, but prevents an engagement and / or positive locking and thus the assembly of a weapon component of the first firearm with a weapon component of the second firearm and vice versa.

[0032] The first engagement element on the weapon component can be provided as a protruding element, in particular a raised section, a ridge, a cam, a pin, or a projection, and the corresponding second engagement element can be provided as a correspondingly shaped recess, depression, bore, or groove.

[0033] The first or second engagement element can be arranged and designed on any suitable section or area of ​​the respective weapon component.

[0034] For example, the barrel of the first caliber may have a locking device in the form of a second engagement element that extends wholly or partially around the circumference of the barrel. This element is designed to engage positively with the first engagement element of the first grip. This corresponding second engagement element may not be present on the second barrel, making it impossible to mount the barrel intended for the second caliber to the grip and vice versa.

[0035] The first or second safety device may also be designed as a recess within the weapon component of the first firearm, particularly within the magazine well, which interacts with a corresponding protrusion on the weapon component, particularly on the magazine of the first firearm, or vice versa. This recess may not be present within the weapon component of the second firearm, particularly in a magazine well, so that it is not possible to insert the first weapon component of the second firearm into the second weapon component of the first firearm, in particular a magazine into the magazine well.

[0036] In the coding security system, the at least one first and / or second security device can be provided as an enlargement or reduction of at least one section or area of ​​the at least one weapon component.

[0037] In a structurally simple measure, for example, the diameter, length, dimensions, or size of the area or section of the weapon component(s) can be varied. For this purpose, one or more positioning pins of the first self-loading firearm can be made wholly or partially larger or smaller, longer or shorter, stepped, or otherwise suitably designed differently than the positioning pin of the second firearm.

[0038] As is known, on some assault rifles, such as the HK433 and KK437, the lower receiver sections are hinged to the upper receiver sections via a hinge on the front of these sections and are firmly connected at the rear by retaining pins. Positioning pins on both sides of the respective barrel mounts can be inserted into corresponding recesses in the lower receiver sections. By using differently sized positioning pins on the respective barrel mounts and / or recesses on the lower receiver sections of the first and second firearms, it can be ensured that these two weapon components cannot be interchanged and mounted on the wrong firearm. Thus, the positioning pins and / or recesses function as a possible locking mechanism.

[0039] The safety device can be provided at all or only selected interfaces of the individual weapon components.

[0040] In the coding security system, at least one first and / or second security device can be designed as an optical and / or haptic marking and / or at least one optical and / or haptic marking can be provided in addition to the at least one first and / or second security device.

[0041] In a coding-based security system, at least one first and / or second security device can be provided on several or all weapon components of the first and second firearms. Continuous coding across several or all weapon components advantageously increases security.

[0042] The grip may have a locking device in the form of a first recess, which is located, in particular, in a lower front area of ​​a magazine well and is designed to interact with a protrusion on the front of a magazine. This recess would then not be present on the grip intended for the second caliber. The recess and protrusion may also be provided at any other suitable position on the magazine and magazine well and function accordingly as a locking device.

[0043] In one embodiment, the handle can have an internal stop surface which is arranged and configured to interact with a projection, particularly a ridge, located on the front of the magazine. The stop surface and projection can also be provided at any other suitable position on the handle and magazine and accordingly function as a safety device.

[0044] The magazine may have a locking device on its front in the form of a raised section, designed to engage with a corresponding recess in the magazine well of the grip of the first caliber. In a simpler embodiment, the raised section is absent on the magazine of the second caliber, making it impossible to insert the magazine of the first caliber into the magazine well of the grip of the second caliber.

[0045] The magazine may have a raised section in the form of a nose or ridge. This nose or ridge corresponds to a recess in the magazine well and, due to this locking mechanism, can only be inserted into this specific grip.

[0046] The raised section can be located in an upper section, particularly at the front end of the magazine. The raised section can have a width that is less than or equal to the width of the magazine.

[0047] The raised section or ridge on the magazine can also be designed as a stop to limit the insertion of the magazine into the magazine slot, particularly on the front or rear of the magazine.

[0048] In such an embodiment, the magazine well or the handle has an internal stop surface corresponding to the stop located on the front or rear of the magazine. Such a modification at the lower or upper end of the magazine well is technically easy to implement.

[0049] In particular, the invention prevents the insertion of a magazine intended for a first caliber into the magazine well of a grip or lower weapon section intended for a second caliber, and vice versa. This measure enables, on the one hand, a quick and regular exchange of magazines and, on the other hand, effective protection against accidental mix-ups.

[0050] A recess may be provided on the magazine well, but not on the magazine itself, or the raised section may be located on the magazine rather than the magazine well. To prevent accidental mix-ups, especially with magazines for assault rifles, a raised section on the magazine is helpful. This raised section can be located in the upper front area of ​​the magazine. It is then visually and tactilely perceptible to the user, thus providing an initial safety barrier.

[0051] A notch in the magazine is difficult to see or feel. However, it is important for the user to be able to quickly identify whether the new magazine is the correct one, even in stressful and chaotic situations such as combat.

[0052] These measures effectively prevent the first magazine from being inserted into the second firearm. The raised section or bridge prevents the magazine from being fully inserted into the magazine well of the grip and thus prevents it from locking into its final position, making feeding any ammunition impossible.

[0053] The same applies to a stop in or on the magazine well that prevents the magazine from being inserted without a corresponding recess.

[0054] The engagement element(s) can be designed in a circumferential direction. In particular, it has been found that it is not necessary to provide the tube or barrel with an engagement element along its entire axial length and the handle with a corresponding second engagement element. As shown, a wide variety of suitable mechanical designs for the safety device(s) are possible.

[0055] The barrel and / or the barrel of the first and / or second firearm may have at least one locking device in the form of a raised section, such as a ridge or pin. This ridge or pin may correspond to a recess in the barrel of the same firearm, so that, due to this locking device, the barrel can only be inserted into that specific barrel. Depending on the dimensions of the raised section or ridge and the corresponding recess, the barrel of the first firearm may not be able to be inserted or mounted in the barrel of the second firearm, and vice versa. In this case, the barrel also cannot engage with the barrel in the lower receiver. Depending on its dimensions, the raised section may be designed in such a way that it keeps the barrel of the firearm with the different caliber at a distance from the barrel, preventing the barrel nut from being fitted.

[0056] The barrel and / or locking piece of the first and / or second firearm may have at least one raised section, e.g., a rib or pin, or at least one section with a modified diameter. In the latter case, the barrel and / or locking piece may be stepped, in particular, with the section with the modified diameter corresponding to a counterpart section in the locking piece of the same firearm.

[0057] Additionally or alternatively, threaded areas on the respective pipe and / or on the respective locking piece can be designed differently, e.g. in terms of length expansion and / or thread pitch.

[0058] With both locking devices, a barrel can only be inserted into the corresponding locking piece of the same firearm. Depending on the dimensions of the raised section or step and the corresponding counter-section, or on the design of the threaded sections, the barrel of the first firearm cannot be inserted or mounted in the locking piece of a firearm of a different caliber, and vice versa. Depending on its dimensions, the raised section can be designed in such a way that it keeps the barrel of the firearm of the different caliber at a distance.

[0059] Additionally or alternatively, a component of the first or second firearm, particularly a magazine, can be marked haptically and / or visually. This measure, using simple design elements, improves the visibility and tactile distinguishability of weapon components at night or in adverse conditions.

[0060] The first engagement element can be arranged, in particular, coaxially with the barrel of the handgun and preferably at a front end of the grip or lower part of the weapon. The first engagement element is especially preferably arranged in the area of ​​a barrel receptacle or barrel bearing in the grip. For the purposes of this invention, the term grip is synonymous with lower part of the weapon.

[0061] According to a structurally simple embodiment of the invention, the first engagement element on the grip can be provided as a projecting element, in particular a ridge, a cam, a pin, or a projection. The corresponding second engagement element can be provided as a correspondingly shaped recess, bore, or groove on the corresponding weapon component, e.g., on the barrel.

[0062] According to a further development of the invention, the second engagement element can be arranged on a rear section of the respective weapon component, e.g. on the barrel or tube.

[0063] The second engagement element can also be arranged axially between a stop with a positioning pin and the rear axial end of the respective weapon component, e.g., the tube or barrel. In the case of a tube, the axial end forms a connecting section for attaching and securing a tube nut. A positioning pin serves for the precise insertion and assembly of the tube into a tube receptacle or tube bearing. The tube with stop or positioning pin and connecting section is known, for example, from the applicant's publication DE 10 2017 002 242 A1, which is hereby incorporated. Reference is made in particular to paragraph

[0064] .

[0064] The respective pipe nut of the two firearms may also have a different thread pitch and / or thread length, so that this measure prevents them from being mixed up.

[0065] In a further development of the invention, the recess can be arranged at the front lower end of a weapon component, in particular the magazine shaft. Furthermore, the raised section can be arranged in an upper portion at the front end of the weapon component, in particular the magazine. The raised section can have a width that is less than or equal to the width of the magazine.

[0066] In a simple embodiment of the invention, the recess is designed as a groove extending from bottom to top in sections of the magazine shaft. The corresponding projection can, for example, be designed as a ridge or a knob.

[0067] The weapon component, in particular the grip, may have a locking device in the form of a first engagement element that extends in a circumferential direction and is designed to engage in a positive connection with a second engagement element, e.g. on the tube.

[0068] As shown, various suitable designs of the safety device(s) are possible and can be determined by the person skilled in the art from the requirements and the following description of the figures as well as the attached drawings. Figurenbeschreibung

[0069] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1 a perspective side view of a section of a self-loading firearm in the form of the HK433 assault rifle in a first embodiment; Fig. 2 a perspective side view of a section of a self-loading firearm in the form of the HK437 assault rifle in a first embodiment; Fig. 3 a side view of the barrels of the self-loading firearms made of Fig. 1 Fig. 3-legged side view of the barrels of the self-loading firearms made of Fig. 2 ; Fig. 4a a side view of the magazine of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 1 Fig. 4-legged side view of the magazine of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 2 Fig. 5a a perspective side view of a section of the grip of the HK433 with the HK433 magazine fully inserted; Fig. 5b a perspective side view of a section of the grip of the HK433 with the HK437 magazine partially inserted; Fig. 6a a perspective side view of a section of the grip of the HK437 and the HK437 magazine fully inserted therein; Fig. 6b a perspective side view of a section of the grip of the HK437 and the HK433 magazine partially inserted therein; Fig. 7a a schematic side view of a 5.56 NATO caliber cartridge; Fig. 7b a schematic side view of a .300 Blackout / Whisper caliber cartridge; Fig. 8 a side view of a section of another embodiment of the HK433 assault rifle; Fig. 9 a side view of a section of another embodiment of the HK437 assault rifle; Fig. 10 a side view of the magazine of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 8 ; Fig. 10 Side view of the magazine of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 9 ; Fig. 11a a side view of the grip of the self-loading firearm made of Fig. 8 ; Fig. 11 leg partial cutaway side view of the grip of the self-loading firearm made of Fig. 9 ; Fig. 12a a top view of the grip of the self-loading firearm made of Fig. 8 from below; Fig. 12 top view of the grip of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 9 from below; Fig. 13a a top view of the grip of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 8 from below, including separate tube mount; Fig. 13 top view of the grip of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 9 from below, including separate barrel mount; Fig. 14a a top view of the barrel mount of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 8 From the front; Fig. 14 top view of the barrel mount of the self-loading weapon. Fig. 9 from the front; Fig. 15a a top view of the barrel mount of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 8 from above; Fig. 15 top view of the barrel mount of the self-loading weapon from Fig. 9 from above; Fig. 16a a side view of the upper receiver of the self-loading firearm made of Fig. 8 with mounted barrel mount; Fig. 16: side view of the upper receiver of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 9 with mounted barrel mount; Fig. 17a a side view of the barrel of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 8 ; Fig. 17 Side view of the barrel of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 9 ; Fig. 18a a side view of the barrel of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 8 with locking piece mounted; Fig. 18: side view of the barrel of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 9 with the locking piece mounted; Fig. 19a a side view of the barrel of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 8 with the locking piece mounted in a partial sectional view; Fig. 19 side view of the barrel of the self-loading weapon made of Fig. 9 with mounted locking piece in a partial sectional view; Fig. 20a a top view of another embodiment of a magazine feeder for the HK433 assault rifle; Fig. 20 a top view of another embodiment of a magazine feeder for the HK437 assault rifle; Fig. 21a a perspective view of another embodiment of a magazine feeder made of Fig. 20a complementary magazine of the HK433 assault rifle; and Fig. 21 a perspective view of another embodiment of a feeder made of Fig. 20b complementary magazine of the HK437 assault rifle.

[0070] The functionality of the coding security system according to the invention will now be explained with reference to the figures. Fig. 1 and 2 show firearms, in this case self-loading firearms, and their essential weapon components intended for use in the coding security system.

[0071] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a section of a self-loading firearm 1. In this case, the self-loading firearm 1 is a HK 433 assault rifle chambered for 5.56 NATO ammunition. This caliber will also be referred to as the smaller caliber in the following. Those skilled in the art are familiar with the design and operation of the HK 433 assault rifle, for example, from German patent application DE 10 2017 002 242 A1, so that design details are not elaborated further unless they are necessary for understanding the invention.

[0072] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a tube 2 or barrel and a grip 7 or lower receiver of the self-loading firearm 1. As known from DE 10 2017 002 242 A1, the tube 2 has a locking bushing or locking piece 3 at its rear end. A circumferential annular stop 4 is integrally formed at the front end of the locking bushing 3 and has a longitudinally extending rearward positioning pin 5 approximately in the center of its underside. This pin serves to ensure repeatable insertion and mounting of the tube 2 into a tube receptacle or tube bearing 8. A connecting section for attaching and securing a tube nut is provided at the rear end 6 of the locking bushing 3 or at the rear end 6 of the tube 2. Four milled recesses 6a, offset by 90°, enable the tube 2 to be securely received in the weapon housing or in the grip 7. The grip 7 also includes a magazine well 17 or a magazine receptacle.

[0073] Fig. 2 This shows a section of a self-loading firearm, model 1a, which, compared to the HK 433, is a nearly identical assault rifle, model HK 437, and is chambered for .300 Blackout ammunition. The .300 Blackout caliber will subsequently be referred to as the larger caliber.

[0074] According to this embodiment, the HK 437 assault rifle differs by a modified grip 7a with a modified barrel 2a and a modified magazine well 17a. The grip 7a has a first engagement element 9 in a region of the barrel well 8, which is designed as a circumferential projection in the form of a bridge and is part of a first locking device against incorrect assembly.

[0075] Unlike the barrel 2 of the HK 433, the tube 2a of the HK 437 has a corresponding second engagement element 10 in its rear section, which is designed as a groove and forms the complementary part to the rib 9 of the first locking device against the attachment of another tube. When assembled, the rib 9 of the grip 7a is received in the groove 10 of the barrel 2a, or rather, the rib engages positively in the groove 10.

[0076] The upper part of the housing, not shown, can have a bridge corresponding to the groove 10 of the barrel 2a for coupling with the grip 7a.

[0077] Fig. 3a und 3b Figure 2 shows a side view of tubes 2 and 2a for comparison. The web 9 in the handle 7a and the groove 10 milled into the connecting section together form a locking device on tube 2a of the HK437. The HK433 does not have a groove on tube 2 and therefore cannot be mounted on the handle 7a. This modification constitutes a locking device on the HK433.

[0078] Fig. 4a und Fig. 4b Figure 11a shows the HK 437 magazine and the HK 433 magazine in comparison. The HK 437 magazine has a ridge 13 on its front outer wall, which corresponds to a recess 12 in the front inner wall of the magazine well 17a in the HK 437 grip. The recess 12 extends upwards in the magazine well 17a so that only the HK 437 magazine can be fully inserted and locked into the HK 437 grip.

[0079] The HK433 magazine 11, in this embodiment, includes a stop 14 on its rear outer wall, i.e., the back of the magazine 11. In the locked position of the magazine 11, the stop 14 abuts the grip 7, specifically its rear lower edge, acting as a counter-stop. This prevents the magazine from being inserted too deeply into the magazine well and thus avoids any associated malfunctions. A similar stop with an identical function can also be provided on the HK437 magazine 11b.

[0080] Fig. 5a und Fig. 5b show the HK433 magazine 11 inserted into the HK433 grip 7 ( Fig. 5a ) and the HK437 magazine 11a inserted into the HK433 grip 7 ( Fig. 5b The attempted insertion of the HK 437 magazine 11a into the magazine well 17 is not fully possible because the magazine well 17 lacks a front recess 12 for the rib 13. In other words, once the magazine 11a is approximately 20-30% inserted, the HK 433 magazine well 17 blocks further insertion of the HK 437 magazine 11a into the HK433 grip.

[0081] Fig. 6a und Fig. 6b two HK437 grips 7 with the HK433 magazine 11 ( Fig. 6a ) and the HK437 magazine 11a ( Fig. 6a ) opposite. Fig. 6a shows the insertion of the HK 437 magazine 11a into the HK 437 magazine well 17a of the HK437 grip. Fig. 6b shows the insertion of the HK 433 magazine 11a into the HK 437 magazine well 17a of the HK 437 grip.

[0082] The HK 433 magazine 11 cannot be fully inserted and locked into the magazine well 17a of the HK437 grip 7 because the magazine well 17, more precisely due to the baffles 22 in its inner wall, blocks the magazine 11a during insertion. See... Fig. 11b und 12b and related description.

[0083] The HK 437 assault rifle, in the embodiment shown above, comprises two safety devices. A first safety device is the recess 12 in the magazine receptacle 17a inside the HK437 grip 7a, which interacts with the corresponding protrusion, i.e., the ridge 13 on the HK 437 magazine 11a.

[0084] The HK 433 grip 11 does not include a recess 12, so the HK 437 magazine 11a cannot be fully inserted and locked into the magazine receptacle 17 of the HK433 grip 7, because the magazine well 17 blocks the ridge 13 when inserting the magazine 11a.

[0085] Fig. 7a und b This compares the cartridges in the form of .300 Blackout / Whisper (larger 16-gauge) and 5.56 NATO (smaller 15-gauge). The 5.56 mm and .300 Blackout / Whisper are based on the identical 5.56 mm NATO case, which is why their external dimensions are almost identical. This is in Fig. 7 The respective length k and diameter d represent the projectiles. The external differences lie in the different projectile diameters, particularly in the area of ​​the cartridge case shoulder and neck.

[0086] Fig. 8 and 9 Each shows further embodiments of the HK433 ( Fig. 8 ) and HK437 ( Fig. 9 ) Assault rifle.

[0087] The in Fig. 8 The HK 433 partially assembled assault rifle shown includes a magazine 11 inserted and locked into a grip 7. The upper receiver 19 is attached and the barrel 2 is mounted. The trigger, trigger guard, and grip are not mounted.

[0088] The in Fig. 9 The HK 437 partially assembled assault rifle shown includes a magazine 11a inserted and locked into a grip 7a. The upper receiver 19a is attached and the barrel 2a is mounted. The trigger, trigger guard, and grip are not yet mounted.

[0089] Both magazines 11 and 11a include a sliding and swiveling magazine base 12 and 12a respectively on their underside.

[0090] In these embodiments, Fig. 10a a side view of the HK 433 magazine and Fig. 10b a side view of the HK 437. Fig. 11a shows a partially cutaway side view of the HK 433 grip and Fig. 11b shows a side view of the HK 437 grip. Fig. 12a and 12b Each shows a top view of the HK 433 handle and a bottom view of the HK 437 handle.

[0091] The HK 437 magazine 11a also includes a ridge 13 in the front outer wall of the magazine, which corresponds to a recess 12 in the front inner wall of the magazine well 17a in the HK 437 grip (see Fig. 11a ). The recess 12 extends upwards in the magazine well 17a so that only the HK 437 magazine can be fully inserted and locked into the HK 437 grip.

[0092] Additionally, flattened areas 21 are provided on both sides of the front upper surface of the HK 473 magazine at the outer corners of the magazine 11a, which are complementary to the inwardly projecting baffles in the form of struts 22 formed on both sides in the HK 437 magazine slot 17a (see Fig. 11b, 12b and 13bThe baffles 22 in the magazine well 17a extend approximately from the top of the magazine well 17a downwards into the magazine well 17a over a range of 15 to 25% of the length of the magazine well 17a. The baffles 22 allow only the complete insertion and locking of the HK 437 magazine 11a with its flattened sections 21 adapted to the baffles 22 in the HK 477 magazine well 17a.

[0093] However, the baffles 22 prevent the HK 433 magazine 11 from being fully inserted and locked into the HK437 magazine well, as the HK 433 magazine 11 hits the baffles with its front upper edge and is thus blocked.

[0094] The HK433 magazine 11, however (see Fig. 10a ) also includes in this embodiment a stop 14 on the rear outer wall, i.e. the back of the magazine 11. A front rib or flattening is not provided.

[0095] Fig. 13a shows a top view of the HK433 grip 7 from below, including separate tube mount 8 and Fig. 13b a top view of the HK437 grip 7a of the self-loading firearm Fig. 9 from below, including separate pipe mounting;

[0096] The HK433 handle 7 includes a recess or receptacle 35 on both sides of its front end underside for mounting the tube holder 8 (see Fig. 11a, 12a and 13a ). Likewise, the HK437 handle 7a includes a recess or receptacle 35 on both sides of its front underside for mounting the tube holder 8a (see Fig. 11b, 12b and 13b ).

[0097] The pipe fitting 8 of the HK433 is shown in a top view from the front in Fig. 14a and in a top view in Fig. 15a The barrel receptacle 8 of the HK433 comprises two pins 23 on its rear underside, extending transversely to the bore axis of the firearm. These pins can be inserted into the receptacles 35 on the lower receiver 7 for mounting the barrel receptacle 8. Compared to the pins 35a of the HK437, the pins 35 of the HK433 are thinner, i.e., with a smaller diameter and longer, and are complementary to the internal dimensions of the receptacle 35 of the HK433.

[0098] The pipe fitting 8a of the HK437 is shown in a top view from the front in Fig. 14b and in a top view in Fig. 15b The barrel receptacle 8a of the HK437 also includes two pins 35a on its rear underside, extending transversely to the bore axis of the firearm. These pins can be inserted into the receptacles 35a on the lower receiver 7a for mounting the barrel receptacle 8a. Compared to the pins 35 of the HK433, the pins 35a of the HK437 are thicker and wider, shorter, and complementary to the internal dimensions of the receptacle 35a of the HK437.

[0099] The receptacle 35 is complementary to the outer dimensions of the pins 23 of the HK433. Likewise, the receptacle 35a is complementary to the outer dimensions of the pins 23a of the HK437. Due to the different dimensions and external geometry of the pins 23 and 23a, and the different internal dimensions and geometry of the receptacles 35 and 35a, it is impossible for a pipe receptacle 8 of the HK433 to be coupled or mounted to the lower housing part 7a of the HK437. Conversely, due to these different designs of pins 23 and 23a and receptacles 35 and 35a, it is also impossible for a pipe receptacle 8a of the HK437 to be coupled or mounted to the lower housing part 7 of the HK433.

[0100] Furthermore, the pipe receptacle 8a of the HK 437 comprises on its front side two webs or stop lugs 27a with an intermediate recess 25a. The stop lugs 27a and the recess 25a receive the locking piece 3a mounted on the pipe 2a and in particular its positioning pin 5a (see figure). Fig. 18b und 19b The locking element 3a is adapted in its outer dimensions to the outer geometry of the stop lugs 27a such that the stop lugs can slide along the outer surface of the locking element 3a until the positioning pin 5a is in the end stop in the recess 25a. The outer geometry of the locking element can, for example, have recesses and / or flattened areas that are complementary to the stop lugs 27a.

[0101] The positioning pin 5a of the HK437 is longer and wider than the positioning pin 5 of the HK433. The pipe holder 8 of the HK433 cannot be mounted, and therefore a pipe nut from the HK433 cannot be attached. Consequently, the pipe holder 8 of the HK433 cannot be mounted with the locking piece 8a of the HK437.

[0102] The pipe receptacle 8 of the HK 433 has no ribs or stop lugs 27a and no recess on its front side. This ensures that only the HK437 pipe 2a can be mounted in the HK437 pipe receptacle 8a.

[0103] Fig. 16a shows a side view of the upper housing part 19 of the HK433 with the pipe mount 8 attached. Fig. 16b shows a side view of the upper housing part 19a of the HK437 with the pipe mount 8a attached.

[0104] Fig. 17a shows a side view of tube 2 of the HK433, Fig. 18a a side view of the pipe 2 with the locking piece 3 mounted and Fig. 19a a side view of the tube 2 with the locking piece 3 mounted in a partial sectional view, in which a cartridge chamber 29 is also visible.

[0105] Fig. 17b shows a side view of pipe 2a from the HK437, Fig. 18b a side view of the pipe 2a with the locking piece 3a mounted and Fig. 19b a side view of the tube 2a with the locking piece 3a mounted in a partial sectional view, in which a cartridge chamber 29a is also visible.

[0106] Particularly from the two partial sectional views, it can be seen that the longitudinal sections L and L" at the end of the HK437 tube 2a and in the locking piece 3a differ from the longitudinal sections La and Lb at the end of the HK433 tube 2 and in the locking piece 3. The longitudinal sections L and La show the length of a threaded section 33 or 33a, respectively, at the end of which a step 31 or 31a is provided. The threaded section 31a with length La of the HK437 is significantly longer than the threaded section 33 with length L of the HK433. This safety measure means that when attempting to mount the HK433 locking piece 3 onto the tube 2a of the HK437, the locking piece 3 of the HK433 cannot be brought to its final stop, as the mating threaded section of the locking piece 3 of the HK433 is too short. In other words, the Do not fully mount HK437 pipe 2a in HK433 locking piece 3.

[0107] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the HK437 locking piece 3a in the area of ​​longitudinal section Lb is smaller compared to the inner diameter in the area of ​​longitudinal section L" of the HK433 locking piece 3. This safety measure means that when attempting to mount the HK437 locking piece 3a onto the HK433 tube 2, the HK437 locking piece 3a cannot be fully engaged. In other words, the HK433 tube 2 cannot be completely mounted in the HK437 locking piece 3a.

[0108] Fig. 20a shows a top view of an embodiment of a feeder 37 of a magazine 11 of the HK433 assault rifle and Fig. 20b a top view of another embodiment of a feeder 37a of a magazine 11a of the HK437 assault rifle.

[0109] Feeders 11, 11a have the function of transporting cartridges within the respective magazine 11, 11a upwards towards the magazine muzzle in a known manner in conjunction with a feeder spring (not shown), in order to enable a known removal and feeding of cartridges into a cartridge chamber (not shown) by a breech head (not shown) during reloading in a known manner.

[0110] In principle, .300 Blackout / Whisper cartridges (larger caliber 16) can be fired from a 5.56 x 45 magazine (HK433 magazine 11a). However, because the neck of the .300 Blackout / Whisper cartridges is wider than that of 5.56 cartridges due to the 7.62 bullet diameter, the 5.56 magazines 11 cannot be completely filled with .300 Blackout / Whisper cartridges, and the .300 Blackout / Whisper cartridges also tend to tilt, which can lead to malfunctions.

[0111] In the embodiment shown here, the internal geometry of the 0.300 Blackout / Whisper magazine 11a is adapted accordingly. Additionally, the feeder 11a is adapted to the internal geometry of the Blackout magazine 11a.

[0112] The provision of a safety device or coding of the feeders 37, 37a in the magazine 11, 11a to the magazine housing is achieved firstly by suitable labeling or marking as shown as an example for the feeder 37a, and secondly by different geometries and external dimensions of the feeders 37 and 37a as well as the internal geometry of the magazines 11 and 11a.

[0113] Fig. 21a shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a feeder made of Fig. 20a complementary magazine of the HK433 assault rifle and Fig. 21b a perspective view of another embodiment of a feeder made of Fig. 20b complementary magazine of the HK437 assault rifle.

[0114] The HK433 follower 37 comprised a first recess 39 on its left side, which is complementary to a first follower guide rib 43 in the HK433 magazine. It further comprised a second recess 41, which is complementary to a second follower guide rib 45 in the HK433 magazine 11. At its rear end, it comprised a rear guide rib 40, which is complementary to a recess 47 on the rear inner wall of the magazine 11. The guide ribs 43 and 45, as well as the recess 47, extend almost the entire length of the inner wall of the magazine 11 and serve to guide the follower 37 within the magazine 11 during the upward transport of cartridges. The follower 37 is inserted into the magazine 11 from below and is pre-tensioned upwards by the magazine spring (not shown).During the movement of the feeder 37 within the magazine 11, it is guided via the recesses 39 against the two guide ribs 43 and 45, and via the rear guide rib 40 in the recess 47. Furthermore, a front recess 51 is provided on the front of the feeder HK433 37, which, in particular in conjunction with the front rib 49 provided in the magazine HK433 11, can prevent the feeder 37 from tilting within the magazine 11.

[0115] Similarly, the HK437 follower 37a includes a first recess 39a on its left side, which is complementary to a first follower guide rib 43a in the HK437 magazine. It also includes a second recess 41a, which is complementary to a second follower guide rib 45a in the HK433 magazine 11a. At its rear end, it also includes a rear guide rib 40a, which is complementary to a recess 47a on the rear inner wall of the magazine 11a. The guide ribs 43a and 45a, as well as the recess 47a, extend almost the entire length of the inner wall of the magazine 11a and serve to guide the follower 37a within the magazine 11a during the upward transport of cartridges. The feeder 37a is inserted into the magazine 11a from below and is pre-tensioned upwards by the magazine spring (not shown).During the movement of the feeder 37a within the magazine 11a, it is guided via the recesses 39a against the two guide ribs 43a and 45a, as well as via the rear guide rib 40a in the recess 47a. Furthermore, a front recess 51a is also provided on the front of the feeder HK437, which, in particular in conjunction with the front rib 49a provided in the magazine HK437 11a, can prevent the feeder 37a from tilting within the magazine 11a.

[0116] A front guide dimension, the width B1 between the recesses 39 and 41 of the HK433 feeder 37, is smaller than the front guide dimension, the width B1a, between the recesses 39a and 41a of the HK437 feeder 37a. For example, the width B1 can be approximately 14 mm and the width B1a approximately 15 mm.

[0117] The guide width B2 of the recess 41 on the HK433 feeder 37 is also smaller than the guide width B2a of the recess 41a on the HK437 feeder 37a. For example, the width B2 can be approximately 3 mm and the width B2a approximately 7 mm, so that the guide width B2a on the HK437 feeder 37a is more than twice as wide.

[0118] These measures, or guide dimension and guide width, serve to adapt the recesses 39 and 41 or 39a, 41a to the respective guide ribs of the HK 433 or HK437 magazine and the complementary guide ribs 43, 45 or 43a, 45a provided there.

[0119] Accordingly, the width B3 between guide ribs 43 and 45 in the HK433 magazine 11 is smaller than the width B3a between guide ribs 43a and 45a in the HK437 magazine 11a. For example, the width B3 in the HK433 magazine 11 can be approximately 14 mm and the width B3a in the HK437 magazine 11a approximately 16 mm.

[0120] The width B4 of guide rib 45 in the HK433 magazine 11 is specified as being smaller than the width B4a of guide rib 45a in the HK437 magazine 11a. For example, the width B4 can be approximately 2 mm and the width B4a approximately 6 mm, thus more than twice the width B4. Naturally, other dimensions for widths B1, B1a to B4, B4a are possible.

[0121] Due to the differing internal geometries and dimensions of the HK 433 and HK 437 magazines 11 and 11a, as well as the HK 433 and HK 437 feeders 37 and 37a, neither the HK 433 feeder 37 can be inserted into the HK 437 magazine 11a, nor the HK 437 feeder 37a into the HK 433 magazine 11. The wide feeder guide ribs 43a and 45a in the inner wall of the HK 437 magazine 11a prevent the installation of the HK 433 feeder 37. The wide front guide dimension B1 in the HK 437 feeder 37a prevents installation in the magazine housing of the HK 433 magazine 11.

[0122] These safety devices or coding prevent cross-installation or mounting of the HK433 feeder 37 and the HK437 feeder 37a in the HK437 magazine 11a or HK433 magazine 11, thus avoiding malfunctions.

[0123] The coding and security system according to the invention, the weapon components according to the invention, and the self-loading firearms according to the invention for use in the coding and security system according to the invention increase the security of self-loading firearms of different calibers.

[0124] Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent to the person skilled in the art within the framework of the following claims and the accompanying drawings.

Claims

1. Coding and security system for firearms (1, 1a) of the same type but different calibers to prevent the exchange of at least one firearm component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a), comprising: - at least one first firearm (1) with a first caliber or at least one firearm component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a) thereof, - at least one second firearm (1a) with a second, different caliber or at least one firearm component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a) thereof, - at least one first security device on the first and / or second firearm (1, 1a) or at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) thereof, which is designed to prevent the attachment of at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the at least one first firearm (1) to the at least one second firearm (1a),and at least a second safety device on the first and / or second firearm or the at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) thereof, designed to prevent the attachment of at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the at least one second firearm (1a) to the at least one first firearm (1).

2. Coding security system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the first and / or the second firearm comprises at least: a magazine (11, 11a), and / or a follower (37, 37a), and / or a grip / lower receiver (7, 7a), and / or an upper receiver (19, 19a), and / or a barrel receptacle (8, 8a), and / or a barrel (2, 2a), and / or a locking element (3, 3a), and / or a breech, and / or a breech head.

3. Coding security system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one first and / or second security device is provided as at least one mechanical design or as at least one recess on at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) which either allows the assembly of weapon components (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the same caliber and prevents the assembly of components of different calibers.

4. Coding security system according to one of the preceding claims, in which the at least one first and / or second security device is provided as an engagement element on the at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a), which, with a corresponding second engagement element on at least a second weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the second firearm (1a) of the same caliber, provides an engagement and / or positive locking between at least two weapon components (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the first or the second firearm (1, 1a) enables assembly, but prevents engagement and / or positive locking and thus the assembly of the first firearm (1) with a weapon component (2a, 3a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 19a, 37a) of the second firearm (1a) and vice versa.

5. Coding security system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one first and / or second security device is provided as an enlargement or reduction of at least one section or area of ​​the at least one weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a).

6. Coding security system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one first and / or second security device is designed as an optical and / or haptic marking and / or in addition to the at least one first and / or second security device, at least one optical and / or haptic marking is provided.

7. Coding security system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one first and / or second security device is provided on several or all weapon components (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of the first and the second firearm (1, 1a).

8. Weapon component (2, 2a, 3, 3a, 7, 7a, 8, 8a, 11, 11a, 19, 19a, 37, 37a) of a firearm (1, 1a) with at least one safety device for use in a coding safety system according to one of the preceding claims.

9. Firearm (1, 1a) of a first and / or a second caliber with at least one safety device for use in a coding security system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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